航行情报服务与航图汇编解析

——空管资料库整编AIS-航行情报服务§AIS 简介1.Definition定义•Aeronautical Information Service: A service established within the defined area of coverage responsible for the provision of aeronautical information/data necessary for the safety, regularity and efficiency of air navigation. 2. Necessity必要性•Needs of the operator•Responsibility of the pilot-in-command(正驾驶)•Responsibility of the AIS•Need for uniformity•Need for international exchange of an aeronautical information3. Background背景•Annex15-Aeronautical Information Services•Annex4-Aeronautical Charts•Annex14-Aerodromes (*以上为总则*)•ICAO Doc8126-AIS Manual•ICAO Doc8697-Aeronautical Charts Manual•CCAR Nr 93-Civil Aviation AIS Working Rules-中国民用航空规章(*以上为规范细则*)•ICAO- International Civil Aviation Organization:国际民航组织•specialized agency of the United Nations•headquarters in Montreal•sets international standards for the safety, security, efficiency and regularity of air transport•improving safety is ICAO main activity•Standards and recommended practices:(*国际民航公约,Annex1~3,5~13,16~18略*)•Annex 4-aeronautical charts 航空图表•Annex 14-aerodromes 机场•Annex 15-aeronautical information services AIS4. Purpose目的•To ensure the flow of information necessary for the safety , fficiency, regularity and economy of air navigation.• A variety of information concerning the air navigation facilities and service muse be made readily available to maitain a high standard of air navigation.•Information must be accurate, up-to-date and complete (*信息必须准确,及时和完整*)•Timely dissemination of information affecting navigation facilities and service is very essential.5. Responsibility责任•Each Contracting State shall: (*shall:必须should:最好*)a. Provide an aeronautical information serviceb. Agree with one or more other Contracting State for the provision of a joint servicec. Delegate the authority for the provision of the service to a non-governmental agency, provided the Standards and Recommended Practices of this Annex are adequately met.The State concerned shall remain responsible for the information published.Each Contracting State shall take all necessary measures to ensure that aeronautical information/data it provides relating to its own territory, as well as areas in which the state is responsible for air traffic service outside its territory, is adequate, of required quality and timely.When 24-hour service is not provided, service shall be available during the whole period an aircraft is in flight inthe area of responsibility of an aeronautical information service plus a period of at least two hours before and after such period. The service shall also be available at such other time as may be requested by an appropriate ground organization.An aeronautical information service shall receive and/or originate,collate or assemble, edit format, publish/store and distribute aeronautical information/data concerning the entire territory of the State as well as areas in which the State is responsible for air traffic services outside its territory. Aeronautical information shall be published as an Integrated Aeronautical Information Package.Integrated Aeronautical Information Package(一体化航行情报系列资料)•AIP Amendment 航行资料汇编修订•AIP Supplement 航行资料汇编补充•Checklists and summaries; 明语和摘要•AIP- Aeronautical Information publication 航行资料汇编•NOTAM-Notices to Airman 航行通告•PIB- Pre-flight information bulletin 飞行前资料公告•AIC- Aeronautical Information Circular 航行资料通报•Checklists and summaries 校核单和明语摘要6. Functions功能•航行情报工作的主要任务：a编辑出版《中国民用航空航行手册》和《中华人民共和国航行资料汇编》b制定审核机场使用细则，设计审理机场仪表飞行程序c编辑出版各种航图d收集整理、发布提供各种航行通告e提供飞行前和飞行后航行情报服务以及空中交通管制工作所必需的航行情报资料f负责航空地图、航行资料的供应管理工作g组织实施航行情报人员的技术业务培训和执照考核工作7. Users of aeronautical information用户Pilot (飞行员)Flight dispatcher(签派员) AIS units(AIS相关单位) ATS units(AIS相关单位)8. Scope of information handled by an AIS范围(*同讲义,具体内容参阅讲义P2页*)•Permanent information: 永久信息•Temporary information: 临时信息•Information of an explanatory, advisory or administrative nature: 解释建议命令性质的信息9. Units providing raw aeronautical information提供单位1. ATS2. COM&NA V3.Airport construction departments4.Public security departments5.Fuel supply departmrnts6.Meteorology departments7.International transport departments8.Financial departments 9.Health departments 10.Flight standards departments10. Channels of communication通信方式•The channels of communication required for submission of raw data to AIS should include:A) messenger service B) postal service C) aeronautical fixed service D) telefaxE) telephonic F) computer network G) electronic mail§AIP-航行资料汇编• 1.Defination 定义Aeronautical Information Publication: A publication issued by or with the authority of a State and containing aeronautical information of a lasting character essential to air navigation.• 2. Contents 内容•The AIP is made up of three parts:General-GEN 总则En-route-ENR 航路Aerodromes-AD 机场•Each partis divided into sections and subsections as applicable, containing various types of information subjects.(*三部分分别的结构分解图见讲义10~11页*)• 3. General specifications 概略说明•Each AIP shall be self-contained and shall include a table of contents.•If it is necessary by reason of bulk or for convenience, to publish an AIP in two or more parts or volumes, each of them will indicate that the remainder of information is to be found in the other part(s) or volume(s).•Each AIP shall not duplicate information within itself or from other sources.•When two or more States combine to issue a joint AIP, this shall be made clear both on the cover and in the table of contents.•AIP should be published in loose-leaf form unless the complete publication is reissued at frequent intervals.•Each AIP shall be dated. In the case of AIP issued in loose-leaf form,each page shall be dated. The date,consisting of the day, month and year, shall be the publication date or the effective date of the information.• A checklist giving the current date of each page in the AIP shall be reissued frequently to assist the user in maintaining a current publication.•Each AIP issued as a bound volume and each page of an AIP issued in loose-leaf form shall be so annotated as to indicate clearly:The sheet size should be no larger than 210×297mm, except that larger sheets may be used provided they are folded to the same size.All changes to the AIP, or new information on a reprinted page, shall be identified by a distinctive symbol or annotation.Operationally significant changes to the AIP shall be published in accordance with AIRAC procedures and shall be clearly identified by the acronym-AIRAC.AIP shall be amended or reissued at such regular intervals as may be necessary to keep them up to date. Recourse to hand amendments or annotations shall be kept to the minimum. The normal method of amendment shall be by means of replacement sheets.AIP Amendments航行资料汇编修订•When an AIP Amendment is issued, it shall include references to the serial number of those elements, if any, of the Integrated Aeronautical Information Package which have been incorporated into the amendment.• A brief indication of the subjects affected by the amendment shall be given on the AIP Amendment cover sheet.•When an AIP Amendment will not be published at the established interval or publication date, a NIL notification shall be originated and distributed by the monthly printed plain-language summary of NOTAM in force required. Checklist of AIP Amendments 航行资料汇编修订摘要•Each AIP Amendment checklist should give the current date of each loose-leaf page in the AIP series,unless there are only two or three replacement sheets involved.•And should provide a recapitulation of any outstanding manuscript corrections•The checklist should carry both page number/ chart title and dateAIP Supplements航行资料汇编补充•Temporary changes of long duration (three months or longer) and information of short duration which contains extensive text and /or graphics shall be published as AIP Supplements.•Each AIP Supplement shall be allocated a serial number which shall be consecutive and based on the calendar year.•AIP Supplement pages shall be kept in the AIP as long as all or some of their contents remain valid.•When an AIP Supplement is sent in replacement of a NOTAM, it shall include a reference to the serial number of the NOTAＭ.• A checklist of AIP Supplements currently in force shall be issued at intervals of not more than one month. This information shall be issued through the medium of the monthly printed plain language summary of NOTAM in force required.•AIP Supplements pages should be coloured in order to be conspicuous, preferably in yellow.•AIP Supplements pages should be kept as the first item in the AIP parts.Difference in content between AIP Amendments and AIP Supplements航空资料汇编修订与补充的区别•Permanent changes to the AIP are published as AIP Amendments.•Temporary changes of long duration (three month or longer) and information of short duration which contains extensive text and / or graphics are published as AIP Supplements.§AIRAC-航行资料定期颁发制• 1.Defination 定义•Aeronautical information Regulation and Control (AIRAC): It signifying a system aimed at advance notification based on common effective dates, of circumstances that necessitate significant changes in operating practices. • 2.Purpose: 目的•Information concerning establishment, withdrawal or changes in facilities, services or procedures in AIP Amendments or AIP Supplements should have prearrangement to keep these changes up to date.• 3.Significant dates: 重要的日期•the effective date(生效日期)：promulgated by ICAO and based on an interval of 28 days.•the publication or distribution date(出版日期): 42 days, sometimes 56 days ( even longer)between the publication date and the effective date. This allows for a period of up to 14 day’s distribution time, by the most expeditious means, in order for recipients to receive the information at least 28 days in advance of the effective date .•The latest date for the raw data to reach AIS(到达AIS部门的最晚时间) : as early as possible.•颁发规则体系• A. When an AIP Amendment or an AIP Supplement is published in accordance with AIRAC procedures, it shall be identified by the acronym “AIRAC”.• B. the effective dates will be in accordance with the predetermined internationally agreed schedule of effective date based on an interval of 28 days.• C. information so notified shall not be changed further for at least another 28 days after the indicated effective date, unless the circumstance notified is of a temporary nature and would not persist for the full period• D.When an AIP Amendment or an AIP Supplement is published in accordance with AIRAC procedures, a NOTAM must be originated giving a brief description of the contents, the effective date and the reference number to the amendment or supplement. This NOTAM must come into force on the same effective date as the amendment or supplement concerned.• E. When information has not been submitted for publication at the AIRAC data, a NIL notification must be originated and distributed by NOTAM, not later than one cycle before the AIRAC effective date concerned.•Use of the AIRAC system during holiday periods•The receipt of AIRAC information is frequently dalayed during holiday periods, thus causing considerable problems to users.•During Chrismas/ New year period. It is not recommended to use 28-day cycles date from Dec 21 to Jan 17 as effective date.•There is a choice of 13 AIRAC effective dates during each calendar year.•Recommendation: Such data should reach recipients more than 28 days in advance of the effective date, for instance 42 or 56days or more. (*有例子见课件*)§AIC(*参见讲义P93~P96页*)1.Defination 定义•Aeronautical Information Circular: A notice containing information that does not qualify for the origination of a NOTAM or for inclusion in the AIP, but which relates to flight safety,air navigation, technical, administrative or legislative matters.2.For example 举例•a) a long-term forecast of a major change in legislation, regulation, procedures or facilities;•b) information of a purely explanatory or advisory nature liable to affect flight safety;•c) information or notification of an explanatory or advisory nature concerning technical, legislative or purely administrative matters.3.The types of information appropriate to AIC are as follows: 适合AIC的情报共20项,详见讲义P93~P95页Shall publish supplementary seasonal information on snow plan in advance of the beginning of each winter-not less than one month before winter. The seasonal information should contain following information: •a) a list of snow-clearance aerodromes during the coming winter;•b) information concerning any centre designated to co-ordinate information on the current state of progress of clearance and on the current state of runways, taxiways and aprons;•c) a division of the aerodromes into SNOWTAMdistribution lists in order to avoid excessive NOTAM distribution;•d) an indication, as necessary, of minor changes to the standing snow plan;•e) a descriptive list of clearance equipment;•f) a listing of what will be considered as the minimum critical snow bank to be reported at each aerodrome at which reporting will commence;4.General specification: 概略说明•a) AIC shall be issued in printed form.•b) Given international distributin and given the same distribution as AIP,AIP AMDT and AIP SUP.•c) serial number, should be consecutive and based on the calendar year.•d) When AIC are distributed in more than one series, each series shall be separately identified by a letter.•e) checklist shall be issued at least once a year, with distribution as for the AIC.•f) Colour coded by subject where there are sufficient circulars in force.white- administrative; yellow- ATC; pink- safety mauve- danger area map; green- maps/charts§NOTAM-航行通告1.Defination 定义•NOTAM ( class 1) : A notice distributed by means of telecommunication which concerns with the establishment, condition or change in aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard, the timely knowledge of which is essential to persons concerned with flight operations.•Annex 15: A NOTAM shall be originated and issued promptly whenever the information to be disseminated is of a temporary nature and of short duration or when operationally significant permanent changes, or temporary changes of long duration are made at short notice, except for extensive text and/ or graphics.2.Dissemination of NOTAM NOTAM的发布•NOTAM are published when the information isOf direct operational significanceOf an ephemeral nature, orAppropriate to the AIP but needs immediate dissemination by short notice长期存在的临时变动-〉AIP SUP对飞行有重要意义的永久性变动-〉AIP AMDT有大量文字和图表的短期资料-〉AIP SUP3.Means of dissemination 发布方式• AFTN: Aeronautical fixed telecommunication network 航空固定电信· SITA: Societe’s International de Telecommunications Aeronautiques 国际航空电信公司4. Classification of NOTAM NOTAM 的分类• Class one NOTAM • Class two NOTAM• SNOWTAM (Except Class Two, others are all transmitted by telecommunication)5. Series of NOTAM NOTAM 系列• Series of class One NOTAM may be as follows: • Series A- international distribution• Series B- international distribution to adjacent States • Series C- national distribution•Series D- regional distribution to ATMB AIS Center. In emergency, issue to pertinent AD AIS department.(*Series A, Series C 结构图见讲义P45~P46页*)Series D- regional distribution• Originated by airport NOTAM offices.•Distributed to NOTAM office of Aeronautical Information center,regional CAAC, and direct to airport AIS offices in urgent cases.The NOTAM office of Aeronautical Information centers, regional CAAC will further distribute them under SeriesC.The NOTAM office of Aeronautical Information centers, CAAC will further distribute them under Series A whenneeded.Series of class One NOTAM•For example:Series of class two NOTAM may be as follows:• Series A- international distribution to AIP users• Series B- international distribution to adjacent States• Series C- national distribution. To regional ATMB AIS Centers Distribution date of class two NOTAM :• For series A and B, they shall be distributed 25 days before effective date, for series C, they shall be distributed15 days before effective date. Checklist of class two NOTAM:总局国外虹桥机场中南局东北局 机场机场AAA ACCC•Shall be issued in June and December twice a year.6. Duration of Class one NOTAM 一级NOTAM持续时间•should not remain in force for more than 3 months•Exceed 3 months:a) issue new or replacement NOTAMb) changes of long duration published in AIP supplement(Chinese regulation: series A: effective duration is 3 month; Seriess C: is 6 month.)7.General specifications of NOTAM 注意事项概略•Each NOTAM in a series of NOTAM shall be allocated a serial number by the originator. That number shall be consecutive and based on calendar year.•Each NOTAM shall be as brief as possible and so compiled that its meaning is clear without reference to another document.•Each NOTAM shall be transmitted as a single telecommunication message.•Location indicators included in the text of a NOTAM shall conform to the official ICAO list.•When no ICAO location indicator is assigned to the location, the name of the place shall be entered in plain language.• A checklist of NOTAM currently in force shall be issued over the AFTN at intervals of not more than one month.• A NOTAM shall be distributed to addressees to whom the information is of direct operational significance,and who would not otherwise have at least seven days prior notification.•The AFTN shall, whenever practicable, be employed for NOTAM distribution.•At least seven days’ advance notice shall be given of the activation of established danger, restricted or prohibited areas and of activities requiring temporary airspace restrictions other than for emergency operations.•Notice of any subsequent cancellation of the activities or any reduction of the hours of activity or the dimensions of the airspace should be given as soon as possible.•Whenever possible,at least 24hour’s advance notice is desirable, to permit timely completion of the notification process and to facilitate airspace utilization planning.•NOTAM notifying unserviceability of aids to air navigation, facilities or communication services should give an estimate of the period of unserviceability or the time at which restoration of service is expected.NOTAM Format: (NOTAM格式,参见讲义P48页)1. Priority indicator （优先等级）●Message are classified into priority categories according to their urgencyGG Nomally 一般DD When text is urgent, need special treatment 紧急2. Address （收电地址）•Address Indicator comprised with 4-letter-locator by ICAO and unit identifier by CAAC.•8-letter group forms an Address Indicator.•Item 1 and 2 shall be in one line: e.g. GG ZSSSOFXX•总局ZBBBYNYX西北管理局情报中心ZLXY OFXX华北管理局情报中心ZBAAOFXX◆天津机场情报室ZBTJ OIXX东北管理局情报中心ZYTXOFXX华东管理局情报中心ZSSSOFXX中南管理局情报中心ZGGGOFXX西南管理局情报中心ZUUUOFXX新疆管理局情报中心ZWWWOFXX3. Date and time of filing （签发日期）•shall fill in date and time group for originating basis.•first 2 letters – date•the following 4 letters – hour and minute e.g. 011539表示1日15时39分•series A adopts UTC•Series C, D adopt Beijing Time4. Originator’s indicator （发电单位）•The composing is similar to Address indicator but may fill in one indicator only. e.g. ZLXY OIXX•Item 3 and 4 shall be in one line: e.g. 070920 ZLXYOIXX5. Message series, number and identifier （系列号，编号，代码）•NOTAM series number: usually A C D•NOTAM number: 4 digits/ 2 digits e.g. A0001/05This number shall be consecutive and based on the calendar year.注：每个发布单位都是从公历的1月1日起发本年的第一份航行通告NOTAM sub-number for multipart NOTAM only e.g. A1234/98A04 A1234/98B04国际和国内对签发部分报的规定不同国际用A03国内用A3例：A3表示3部分的第一部分B3表示3部分的第二部分C3 表示3部分的第三部分•NOTAM identifier:NOTAMN newNOTAMC cancel e.g. A0525/98 NOTAMC A0433/98NOTAMR replace e.g. A0432/98 NOTAMR A0100/98When a NOTAM is issued which cancels or supersedes a previous NOTAM, the serial number of the previous NOTAM shall be indicated.When errors occure in a NOTAM, a replacement NOTAM shall be issued.6. NOTAM Qualifiers （限定行）•Qualifiers is divided in eight fields, each separated by a stroke.Q) FIR/NOTAM Code/Traffic/Purpose/Scope/Lower limit/Upper limit/Coordinates,Radiuse.g. Q)ZGZU/QMWHW//M/A/000/999/2113N11O21E005If no entry is to be made in a field, it is not necessary to transmit blanks between the strokes.NOTE:The qualifier line (Q) and all identifiers (A to G inclusive) each followed by a closing parenthesis, as shown in the format, must be transmitted unless there is no entry to be made against a particular identifier.1) FIR （飞行情报区）该项必须用ICAO规定的四字地名代码填写如果涉及一个以上的飞行情报区，应在国家代码后加“XX”组成地名代码，然后在A项列出各个情报区的四字地名代码，但最多不能超过七个。