2008-12河南省研究生学位英语真题答案
2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案7
2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案7参考译文：达尔文认为，对(音乐和绘画方面)兴趣的丧失，失去的不仅仅是一种乐趣，而且可能会伤害到智力，更有甚者还可能伤害到道德。
应用文范文Dear Bob,I am writing to express my apology to you.Several days ago, I borrowed your music CD when I lived in your house. Unfortunately, after I came back from Canada, I found it in my luggage. I was in such a hurry that I forgot to return it to you. I will send it to you by post or express as soon as possible. If necessary, I will compensate for any troubles it may cause.Once again, I feel so sorry for any inconvenience caused. Please accept my apologies.Sincerely yours,Li Ming大作文范文As is illustrated in the picture, the two disabled persons whose crippled legs are bound together do a lot of traveling. Accordingly, this far-reaching picture reflects a commonphenomenon in today’s society: the people who are in the dark want to turn the corner but they can not make it respectively and in turn they have to choose to pull together in times of trouble.There are several reasons accounting for this. Since we have to live in an on-the-move lifestyle, we may encounter various plights, where we would be at a loss rather than to seek for others’ assistance. Further more, if we do not offer help to each other when we confront dilemma, we would not realize our dream. And no issue in China is as basic to build up the society in harmony as to conduct coordination in face of disasters.Judging from what have been argued above, people have come to realize the value of mutual aid. It is, therefore, necessary that some effective steps be made to advocate spirit of supporting each other. To begin with, the government should make laws to encourage people to unite. In addition, people should enhance the awareness of caring each other especially when they are in trouble. Only in those ways, can we make people, even not being acquaintance, help each other.。
2008考研英语真题(英一二通用)答案+解析
2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name.But Gregory Cochran is大1家to say it anyway.He is that大2家bird,a scientist who works independently大3家any institution.Hehelped popularize the idea that some diseases not大4家thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections,which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.大5家he,however,might tremble at the大6家of what he is about to do.Togetherwith another two scientists,he is publishing a paper which not only大7家that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others,but explains the process that has brought this about.The group in大8家are a particular people originated from central Europe.The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test,大9家12-15points above the大10家value of100,and have contributed大11家to the intellectual and cultural life of the West,asthe大12家of their elites,including several world-renowned scientists,大13家.They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases,such as breastcancer.These facts,大14家,have previously been thought unrelated.The former has been大15家to social effects,such as a strong tradition of大16家education.The latter was seen as a(an)大17家of genetic isolation.Dr.Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately大18家.His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 大19家them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this大20家state of affairs.1.[A]selected[B]prepared[C]obliged[D]pleased2.[A]unique[B]particular[C]special[D]rare3.[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against4.[A]subsequently[B]presently[C]previously[D]lately5.[A]Only[B]So[C]Even[D]Hence6.[A]thought[B]sight[C]cost[D]risk7.[A]advises[B]suggests[C]protests[D]objects8.[A]progress[B]fact[C]need[D]question9.[A]attaining[B]scoring[C]reaching[D]calculating10.[A]normal[B]common[C]mean[D]total11.[A]unconsciously[B]disproportionately[C]indefinitely[D]unaccountably12.[A]missions[B]fortunes[C]interests[D]careers13.[A]affirm[B]witness[C]observe[D]approve14.[A]moreover[B]therefore[C]however[D]meanwhile15.[A]given up[B]got over[C]carried on[D]put down16.[A]assessing[B]supervising[C]administering[D]valuing17.[A]development[B]origin[C]consequence[D]instrument18.[A]linked[B]integrated[C]woven[D]combined19.[A]limited[B]subjected[C]converted[D]directed20.[A]paradoxical[B]incompatible[C]inevitable[D]continuousSection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life,women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category.“Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,”according to Dr. Yehuda,chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response,causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions.In several of the studies,when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries(the female reproductive organs)removed,their chemical responses became equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals,are her increased“opportunities”for stress.“It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well.It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,”says Dr.Yehuda.“Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,”she observes,“it’s just that they’re dealing with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr.Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes.“I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature.Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress.Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence.The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations,by, unfortunately,parents or other family members,and they tend not to be one-shot deals.The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at18and gave birth to a son,but was determined to finish college.“I struggled a lot to get the college degree.I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape,to go to school,and get ahead and do better.”Later,her marriage ended and she became a single mother.“It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager,have a job,pay the rent,pay the car payment,and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes.But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations,with few breaks,and feeling the strain. Alvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21.Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A]Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B]Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C]Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D]Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22.Dr.Yehuda’s research suggests that women[A]need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress.[B]have limited capacity for tolerating stress.[C]are more capable of avoiding stress.[D]are exposed to more stress.23.According to Paragraph4,the stress women confront tends to be[A]domestic and temporary.[B]irregular and violent.[C]durable and frequent.[D]trivial and random.24.The sentence“I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”(Line6,Para.5)shows that[A]Alvarez cared about nothing but making money.[B]Alvarez’s salary barely covered her household expenses.[C]Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs.[D]Alvarez paid practically everything by check.25.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A]Strain of Stress:No Way Out?[B]Responses to Stress:Gender Difference[C]Stress Analysis:What Chemicals Say[D]Gender Inequality:Women Under StressText2It used to be so straightforward.A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal.A journal editor would then remove the authors’names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review.Depending on the comments received,the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.Copyright rested with the journal publisher,and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer.The Internet–and pressure from funding agencies,who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it–is making access to scientific results a reality.The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reachingconsequences of this.The report,by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD,makes heavy reading for publishers who have,so far,made handsome profits.But it goes further than that.It signals a change in what has,until now,been a key element of scientific endeavor.The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends,in part, upon wide distribution and ready access.It is big business.In America,the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between$7billion and$11billion.The International Association of Scientific,Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects.They publish more than1.2million articles each year in some16,000journals.This is now changing.According to the OECD report,some75%of scholarly journals are now online.Entirely new business models are emerging;three main ones were identified by the report’s authors.There is the so-called big deal,where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.There is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published.Finally,there are open-access archives,where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories.Other models exist that are hybrids of these three,such as delayed open-access,where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months,before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process,at least for the publication of papers.26.In the first paragraph,the author discusses[A]the background information of journal editing.[B]the publication routine of laboratory reports.[C]the relations of authors with journal publishers.[D]the traditional process of journal publication.27.Which of the following is true of the OECD report?[A]It criticizes government-funded research.[B]It introduces an effective means of publication.[C]It upsets profit-making journal publishers.[D]It benefits scientific research considerably.28.According to the text,online publication is significant in that[A]it provides an easier access to scientific results.[B]it brings huge profits to scientific researchers.[C]it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge.[D]it facilitates public investment in scientific research.29.With the open-access publishing model,the author of a paper is required to[A]cover the cost of its publication.[B]subscribe to the journal publishing it.[C]allow other online journals to use it freely.[D]complete the peer-review before submission.30.Which of the following best summarizes the text?[A]The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.[B]A new mode of publication is emerging.[C]Authors welcome the new channel for publication.[D]Publication is rendered easier by online service.Text3In the early1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association(NBA)listed at over seven feet.If he had played last season,however,he would have been one of42.The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years,and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger,longer frames.The trend in sports,though,may be obscuring an unrecognized reality:Americans have generally stopped growing.Though typically about two inches taller now than140years ago, today’s people–especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S.for many generations–apparently reached their limit in the early1960s.And they aren’t likely to get any taller.“In the general population today,at this genetic,environmental level,we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,”says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University.In the case of NBA players,their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth,which rarely continues beyond the age of20,demands calories and nutrients–notably,protein–to feed expanding tissues.At the start of the20th century,under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way.But as diet and health improved,children and adolescents have,on average,increased in height by about an inch and a half every20years,a pattern known as the secular trend in height.Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height–5′9″for men,5′4″for women–hasn’t really changed since1960.Genetically speaking,there are advantages to avoiding substantial height.During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal.Moreover,even though humans have been upright for millions of years,our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs.“There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,”says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change,but don’t expect this to happen soon.Claire C.Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick,Mass.,ensures that90percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration.She says that,unlike those for basketball,the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time.And if you need topredict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment,Gordon says that by and large,“you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.”31.Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to[A]illustrate the change of height of NBA players.[B]show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S..[C]compare different generations of NBA players.[D]assess the achievements of famous NBA players.32.Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A]Genetic modification.[B]Natural environment.[C]Living standards.[D]Daily exercise.33.On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A]Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B]Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C]Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D]Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34.We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future[A]the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size.[B]the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged.[C]genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen.[D]the existing data of human height will still be applicable.35.The text intends to tell us that[A]the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern.[B]human height is becoming even more predictable.[C]Americans have reached their genetic growth limit.[D]the genetic pattern of Americans has altered.Text4In1784,five years before he became president of the United States,George Washington,52, was nearly toothless.So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw–having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books.But recently,many historians have begun to focus on the roles slaveryplayed in the lives of the founding generation.They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in1998,which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings.And only over the past30years have scholars examined history from the bottom up.Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy.More significantly,they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong–and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything,the historians say,the founders were hampered by the culture of their time.While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery,they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing,the South could not afford to part with its slaves.Owning slaves was“like having a large bank account,”says Wiencek,author of An Imperfect God:George Washington, His Slaves,and the Creation of America.The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the“peculiar institution,”including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery.The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of1800by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College.Once in office,Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in1803;the new land was carved into13states,including three slave states.Still,Jefferson freed Hemings’s children–though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150other slaves.Washington,who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War,overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will.Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.36.George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to[A]show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B]demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C]stress the role of slaves in the U.S.history.[D]reveal some unknown aspect of his life.37.We may infer from the second paragraph that[A]DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.[B]in its early days the U.S.was confronted with delicate situations.[C]historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.[D]political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S.history.38.What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?[A]His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.[B]His status as a father made him free the child slaves.[C]His attitude towards slavery was complex.[D]His affair with a slave stained his prestige.39.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A]Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B]Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C]Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.[D]Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.40.Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his[A]moral considerations.[B]military experience.[C]financial conditions.[D]political stand.Part BDirections:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41—45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)The time for sharpening pencils,arranging your desk,and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended.The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit,stand up,or lie down to write.(41)是大家网原创出品Be flexible.Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next,but do not permit it to railroad you.If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now,work it into the draft.(42)是大家网原创出品Grammar,punctuation,and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying.Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.(43)是大家网原创出品Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way,and,if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere,you will not lose any writing on the other side.If you are working on a word processor,you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands.Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing.(44)是大家网原创出品These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.Once you have a first draft on paper,you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing.The student who wrote“The A&P as a State of Mind”wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.(45)是大家网原创出品Remember that your initial draft is only that.You should go through the paper many times–and then again–working to substantiate and clarify your ideas.You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper.Rewrite.The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic.Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts.Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.[A]To make revising easier,leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you caneasily add words,sentences,and corrections.Write on only one side of the paper.[B]After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper,pay particularattention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs.It’s probably best to write the introduction last,after you know precisely what you are introducing.Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression. [C]It’s worth remembering,however,that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may lookterrific,it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it.Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.[D]It makes no difference how you write,just so you do.Now that you have developed a topicinto a tentative thesis,you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.[E]Although this is an interesting issue,it has nothing to do with the thesis,which explainshow the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job.Instead of including that paragraph,she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P“policy”he enforces.[F]In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in“A&P,”the student bringstogether the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.[G]By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say,you will verylikely discover more than your notes originally suggested.Plenty of good writers don’t use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write.Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)In his autobiography,Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely,but(46)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence,and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations.He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit,such as distinguished Huxley.(47)He asserted,also,thathis power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited,for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.His memory,too,he described as extensive,but hazy.So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry.(48)On the other hand,he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that,while he was a good observer,he had no power of reasoning.This,he thought,could not be true,because the“Origin of Species”is one long argument from the beginning to the end,and has convinced many able men.No one, he submits,could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning.He was willing to assert that“I have a fair share of invention,and of common sense or judgment,such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have,but not,I believe,in any higher degree.”(49)He adds humbly that perhaps he was“superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention,and in observing them carefully.”Writing in the last year of his life,he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years.Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure.Formerly,too,pictures had given him considerable,and music very great,delight.In1881,however,he said:“Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry.I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.”(50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness,but might possibly be injurious to the intellect,and more probably to the moral character.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CD in your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob,your landlord there.Write him a letter to1)make an apology,and2)suggest a solution.You should write about100words on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the e“Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning,and then3)give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2008年真题答案解析Section I:Use of English(10points)1.【答案】[B]【解析】本题测试语义逻辑衔接。
2008年河南专升本(英语)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2008年河南专升本（英语）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary and Structure 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Word Formation 5. Translation 6. WritingV ocabulary and Structure1．John and I ______friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we ______each other a couple of times before that.A．had been; have seenB．have been; have seenC．had been; had seenD．have been; had seen正确答案：D2．When______the education systems of China and Britain, the professor gave his own comment.A．asking to be comparedB．asked him to compareC．asking him to compareD．asked to compare正确答案：D3．______leaves the room at last ought to turn off the lights.A．AnyoneB．The personC．WhoeverD．Who正确答案：C4．______his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain.A．ThatB．WhetherC．IfD．Even if正确答案：B5．“What did the teacher say to you just now? ““She asked me______. “A．whether I had finished my work or notB．whether or not had I finished my workC．if my work had finished or notD．if or not I have finished my work正确答案：A6．Private cars have made the traffic problems______.A．the worse than beforeB．worse than ever beforeC．more bad as beforeD．more bad than il was正确答案：B7．You never told us his phone number, ______ ?A．hadn’t youB．didn’t youC．had youD．did you正确答案：D8．It’s high time______ about the traffic problem. A．something was doneB．something is doneC．anything will be doneD．nothing to be done正确答案：A9．Great______the difficulties are, we must do our best to succeed. A．whileB．asC．althoughD．however正确答案：B10．A man who wants to start a business must have some______. A．currencyB．incomeC．wealthD．capital正确答案：D11．He has a______ habit of biling his lips when he is puzzled.A．particularB．specificC．peculiarD．general正确答案：C12．The manager claimed that his company had the______right of publication.A．singleB．uniqueC．lonelyD．sole正确答案：D13．At the conference he expressed some personal views which brought him into ______ with the Party leadership.A．actionB．crisisC．conflictD．power正确答案：C14．The actual cost of the building was much higher than our original______.A．considerationB．judgementC．estimateD．plan正确答案：C15．When drinking from a well, one mustn’t forget______who dug it.A．thisB．theseC．thatD．those正确答案：D16．London has a larger population______ in the United Kingdom.A．than any cityB．than other citiesC．than all the citiesD．than all the other cities正确答案：D17．The students are encouraged to provide ______ service to the poor students.A．valuableB．volcanoC．voluntaryD．voyage正确答案：C18．It was almost dark in the street______ a few spotlights.A．excludingB．except forC．exceptD．but for正确答案：B19．Although the United States has long been known as a nation of immigrants, ______ discrimination still exists.A．radicalB．racialC．crucialD．diplomatic正确答案：B20．When they had finished playing, the children were made to______ all the toys they had taken out.A．put offB．put upC．put outD．put away正确答案：D21．I’m not surprised you failed the exam. You ______have worked harder.A．shouldB．mustC．wouldD．ought正确答案：A22．I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into______when judging my examination.A．regardB．countingC．accountD．observation正确答案：C23．If you don’t feel well, please______the doctor.A．answerB．promiseC．teachD．consult正确答案：D24．Mary and Jane are twin sisters. They look exactly______.A．likeB．sameC．alikeD．same ones正确答案：C25．There______ some mistakes in your composition.A．haveB．hasC．seems to beD．seem to be正确答案：D26．You can stay here ______you keep quiet.A．as long asB．unlessC．in caseD．in order正确答案：A27．It was not until she had arrived home______ she remembered her appointment with the doctor.A．whenB．thatC．andD．where正确答案：B28．Without the air to hold some of the sun’s heat, the earth would be______on at night.A．very cold for us to liveB．so cold to us livingC．too cold for us to liveD．rather cold of us live正确答案：C29．No one can avoid______by advertisements.A．influencedB．influencingC．to influenceD．being influenced正确答案：D30．In other words, all mammals, ______their sizes are, breathe once for every four heartbeats.A．howeverB．regardlessC．whateverD．according正确答案：C31．The new model costs twice______last year’s.A．more thanB．as much asC．as many asD．than正确答案：B32．We still have tremendous______to overcome before we achieve our goal. A．obligationsB．objectionsC．obstaclesD．objects正确答案：C33．People are ______to smoke at a gas station.A．preventedB．forbiddenC．stoppedD．objected正确答案：B34．I hope to meet you again ______ next year.A．sometimesB．timesC．sometimeD．some time正确答案：C35．It wasn’t an accident. He did it on______.A．reasonB．intentionC．purposeD．determination正确答案：C36．Henry’s remarks left me______ about his real purpose.A．wonderB．wonderedC．to wonderD．wondering正确答案：D37．All______ is a continuous supply of fuel.A．what is neededB．the thing neededC．that is neededD．for their needs正确答案：C38．Having applied for a______ in the office of the local newspaper, he was told to see the manager.A．positionB．careerC．professionD．location正确答案：A39．People living in cities______ to suffer from stress more than people in the countryside.A．intendB．leanC．tendD．incline正确答案：C40．It took him several months to______ the wild horse.A．cultivateB．breedC．tendD．tame正确答案：DReading ComprehensionProcrastination(犹豫不决) is a disease of the mind. A scientific study in recent years has shown that it is a close relative of sadness and attention disorder; that procrastinators tend to be the result of low self-confidence and are likely to experience anxiety. The research has shown, what is more, that the illness has become quite common. Susan Robert, a behavioral psychologist who has written a book called Living With Procrastination., says that about a quarter of the adult population of the United States and Canada is reported to have serious problems with procrastination. “when we say ‘serious’we mean people for whom procrastination causes great discomfort and suffering. We ‘ve found that such people are more troubled by daily life than others, that possibility of anxieiy is much higher amongthem than in the rest of the population. In a society driven by achievement, it is little wonder that not being able to work at full steam will bring people sadness. Surely, in the land of opportunity, this anxiety has produced an industry of experts offering solutions. Many books and specialist solutions have appeared. In exchange for $19. 95, Dr. Jerome Murray will send out an audio-cassette called “Protect your future from the thief of procrastination. “ Dr. Murray promises that if you follow his step-by-step rules you will be empowered to “turn self-defeat into self-realization”. “Since the start of the 1990s, procrastination has been taken more and more seriously , “ said Dr. Roberts, who has been treating patients troubled by the condition for more than 20 years. “It is now recognized as a true mental heath problem and is being seen more as a psychological problem and less as a moral issue.41．What is the main topic of this passage?A．Don’t hesitate to give up smoking.B．Don’t regard depression as not important.C．Delay can be a sign of illness.D．Don’t work too hard to stay healthy.正确答案：C42．Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?A．Procrastination is a disease of the mind.B．Procrastination is likely to cause a great discomfort and suffering.C．Procrastination is not considered as a psychological problem but moral issue.D．Dr. Jerome Murray provides some ways to get rid of procrastination.正确答案：C43．How does the author look at procrastination?A．It is something like running.B．It is a disease of mind.C．It is not a permitted act.D．It is not full of stress.正确答案：B44．These are the signs of procrastination except______.A．discomfortB．sufferingC．pleasureD．sadness正确答案：C45．What’s the main idea of Dr. Murray’s cassette “Protect your future from the thief of procrastination”?A．Turn defeat to self-realization.B．Turn depression into enthusiasm.C．Procrastination has been taken more and more seriously.D．Turn self-defeat into self-realization.正确答案：DParrots are becoming one of the most popular pets in America for good reasons. The parrot is an extraordinary bird that can be taught to talk, can be easily cared for, and can create a lively atmosphere anywhere. With the help of an energetic parrot owner, a parrot can develop an enormous vocabulary. In addition, a parrot can be trained to say “Pretty boy”or “Polly wants a cracker, “and it also can learn to whistle or sing. No matter what an owner decides to teach a bird, training a parrot takes much patience, but the reward is a stream of chatter. Another reason for the parrot’s popularity is that this pet does not require much care. For example, even a spoiled parrot does not need a house-sitter for the purpose of daily walks and daily feeding. In fact, a parrot owner may leave his or her pet with enough food for five days and have no fear that the parrot will overeat. Still another advantage of owning a parrot is its inexpensive food, including seeds, nuts, corn, and grain—along with an apple, banana, or carrot. Perhaps the most likely reason the parrot is becoming such a well-liked pet is that it is a combination of tameness and wildness. Because the parrot can live in almost any environment, it makes a fine, tame companion for many people. In addition, because it can be easily trained, it is a delightful performer. At the same time, its colorful feathers give it an air of the mystery of the parrot’s native home, the jungle. Thus, the parrot, once a highly valued gift presented to kings and noble families, is now appreciated by a growing number of people.46．A parrot can be trained to do all the following but______.A．talkB．help its ownerC．singD．create a lively atmosphere正确答案：B47．Which of the following is NOT a reason for the easy raising of the parrot?A．It eats very little.B．Its food is inexpensive.C．It does not need a house-sitter.D．It does not require daily walks as dogs do.正确答案：A48．The word “tameness”in the passage means______.A．the quality of being brave or unafraidB．the quality of being kind or warm-heartedC．the quality of being uncontrolled or fierceD．the quality of being gentle or trained正确答案：D49．The word “jungle”probably means______.A．boundless desert with very little plant lifeB．large apartment building with pleasing surroundingsC．wild land overgrown with thick bushes and treesD．snow-covered mountain top in very cold areas正确答案：C50．The writer______.A．likes the parrotB．dislikes the parrotC．doesn’t care about the parrotD．values the parrot highly正确答案：AIn my long life I have seen many changes in our habits and customs and conditions in general. I think that you might be interested if I told you some of them. The world I entered at the age of eighteen when I became a medical student was a world that knew nothing of such advanced things as planes, films, radios or telephones. It was a very cheap world. Prices were stable. When I entered St. Thomas’hospital I rent a set of rooms in Vincent Square for which I paid 18 shillings a week. My landlady provided me with a very good breakfast before I went to the hospital and a dinner when I came back at half past six. I only had to pay for the breakfasts and dinners twelve shillings a week. For four-pence I lunched at St. Thomas’ on bread and butter and a glass of milk. I could be able to live very well, pay my fees, buy my necessary instruments, clothe myself, and have a lot of fun on fourteen pounds a month. And I could always pawn (当掉) my microscope for three pounds. I spent five years at St. Thomas’hospital. I was a bad student, for my heart, as you might have guessed, was not in it. I wanted, I had always wanted to be a writer, and in the evenings, after my dinner, I wrote and read. Before long, I wrote a novel called “Liza of Lambeth” , which I sent to a publisher and was accepted. It came out during my last year at the hospital and it was successful. It was of course an accident, but I didn’tknow that. I felt I could afford to give up medicine and make writing my profession; so, three days after I graduated from the school of medicine, I left for Spain to write another book. I did not realize, at that time, that I was taking a great risk.51．The text is a talk given by the author when______.A．he was 18B．his first novel was publishedC．he graduated from the school of medicineD．he was at an advanced age正确答案：D52．The author graduated from the school of medicine when he was______.A．18B．28C．23D．30正确答案：C53．“And I could always pawn my microscope for three pounds”means the author could always ______.A．exchange his microscope for three poundsB．borrow his microscope and pays three poundsC．have his microscope repaired with three poundsD．lend his microscope for three pounds正确答案：A54．In the sentence “I could be able to live very well, pay my fees, buy my necessary instruments, clothe myself. . . “ , the word “clothe” means ______.A．wear clothesB．make clothes forC．wash clothes forD．buy clothes for正确答案：D55．The author wanted to be a writer because______.A．he liked to take risksB．he found it easier to make a living by writingC．he was interested in writingD．he could not study medicine well正确答案：CHow often one hears children wishing they were grown-up, and old people wishing they were young again. Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets. Youth is a time when there are few tasks to make life difficult. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after and loved whatever he may do. It is impossible that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return. In addition, life is always presenting new things to the children—things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well-known. But a child has his pains; he is not so free to do what he wishes to do; he is continually being told not to do things, or being punished for what he has done wrong. When the young man starts to earn his own living, he can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes, and his room, but has to work if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry. And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison. If, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble and has good health, he can have the great happiness of building up for himself his own position in society.56．People can experience happiness if they______.A．always think of the past and regret itB．value the presentC．are no longer youngD．become old and have much experience正确答案：B57．When people were young, they used to______.A．be in charge of many businessesB．have few things to think about and take onC．look after their younger sisters and brothersD．face a lot of difficulties正确答案：B58．The pains of children lie in the fact that______.A．no one helps them make right decisionsB．they are often beaten by their paren.sC．they can not be accepted and praised by othersD．they are not allowed to do what they like to do正确答案：D59．Children are usually happy because______.A．old people lose interest in themB．they are free to do wrongC．they are familiar with everything going on around themD．things are new to them正确答案：D60．Which of the following is NOT needed for a young man to be happy?A．Hard workB．Being free from troubleC．WealthD．Health正确答案：CClozeIt was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their【61】. This was the beginning of another【62】day in New York City.【63】this day was to be different. Waiting【64】the crowded streets, on top of a【65】110 stories high, was Philippe Petit. This daring Frenchman was about to【66】a tightrope (绷索) between the two towers of the World Trade Center. Philippe took his first【67】with great care. The wire held. Now he was 【68】he could do it.【69】only a balancing pole, Philippe walked his way across, a 【70】of 131 feet. Soon the rush-hour【71】began to notice. What a【72】! There, 1350 feet above the street, a【73】figure was walking on air. Philippe made seven 【74】, back and forth (来回). He wasn’t satisfied with just【75】At times, he would turn, sit down, and【76】go on his knees. Once, he had the astonishing【77】to lie down on the thin thread. And thousands of【78】watchers stared with their hearts beating fast. After the forty-five-minute【79】, Philippe was taken to the police station. He was asked【80】he did it. Philippe shrugged (耸肩) and said, “When I see two tall buildings, I walk.61．A．jobsB．homesC．busesD．offices正确答案：A62．A．working B．hot C．same D．ordinary正确答案：D63．A．And B．So C．But D．Thus正确答案：C64．A．for B．in C．by D．above正确答案：D65．A．roof B．position C．wall D．building 正确答案：D66．A．throw B．walk C．climb D．fix正确答案：B67．A．act B．landingC．step D．trip正确答案：C68．A．sure B．uncertain C．glad D．nervous正确答案：A69．A．Through B．Against C．With D．On正确答案：C70．A．distance B．height C．space D．rope正确答案：A71．A．streets B．crowds C．passengers D．city正确答案：B72．A．height B．pleasure C．wonder D．danger正确答案：C73．A．great B．strange C．public D．tiny正确答案：D74．A．experiments B．circles C．trips D．movements正确答案：C75．A．walking B．staying C．acting D．showing正确答案：A76．A．almost B．even C．often D．rather正确答案：B77．A．spirit B．result C．strength D．courage正确答案：D78．A．patient B．terrifiedC．pleasedD．enjoyable正确答案：B79．A．showB．trickC．tryD．program正确答案：A80．A．howB．whyC．whetherD．when正确答案：BWord Formation81．If your neighbors are too noisy then you have cause for______. (complain) 正确答案：complaint82．The government has taken drastic measures to______ the public transport, (modern)正确答案：modernise83．Writers and artists are always good______ of life for their creation, (observe)正确答案：observers84．The manager received twenty______for the post, (apply)正确答案：applications85．To everybody’s______, the actor fell off the stage during the evening performance, (amuse)正确答案：amusement86．Noisy traffic ______ our way of life in this village, (threat)正确答案：threatens87．She smiled back at the______faces of her students, (cheer)正确答案：cheerful88．It snowed-______ last year but not enough for us to use our snow boards, (occasion)正确答案：occasionally89．It is not______ for him to come home at two or there in the morning working as a doctor, (usual)正确答案：unusual90．Would you please provide us with a______ large enough to hold all the water? (contain)正确答案：containerTranslationSection ADirections: Translate the following English into Chinese.91．It’s a great pleasure to have a friend coming from afar.正确答案：有朋自远方来不亦乐乎?92．The good traditions of the Chinese people are certain to be passed on from generation to generation.正确答案：中华民族的优良传统肯定会一代一代地传下去。
【考研】2008年考研英语真题及答案
【考研】2008年考研英语真题及答案考研对于许多学子来说，是一场重要的人生战役。
而英语作为其中的关键科目，其真题的研究和答案的解析具有极高的价值。
2008 年的考研英语真题，在众多考生的记忆中留下了深刻的印象。
2008 年考研英语的试卷结构包括了英语知识运用、阅读理解、新题型、翻译和写作这几个部分。
先来说说英语知识运用，也就是我们常说的完形填空。
这部分题目主要考查考生对词汇、语法、固定搭配等基础知识的掌握，同时也考验考生对上下文的理解和逻辑推理能力。
在 2008 年的真题中，词汇的难度适中，但对于一些容易混淆的词汇和短语的考查较为细致。
语法方面，涉及到了各种时态、语态、从句等常见的语法点。
阅读理解一直是考研英语的重头戏。
2008 年的阅读理解文章选材广泛，涵盖了科技、文化、社会等多个领域。
文章的长度和难度都具有一定的挑战性，需要考生具备较强的阅读速度和理解能力。
题目类型包括了细节题、主旨题、推理题、词义猜测题等。
在解答细节题时，考生需要仔细对比原文和选项，准确找到对应的信息；主旨题则要求考生能够从整体上把握文章的主旨大意；推理题需要考生根据文中的线索进行合理的推断；词义猜测题则考查考生根据上下文猜测生词词义的能力。
新题型是考研英语中比较新颖的部分。
2008 年的新题型可能是排序题或者是七选五等形式。
这部分题目对考生的篇章结构理解和逻辑衔接能力有较高的要求。
考生需要在短时间内理清文章的脉络，找出正确的选项顺序或者填入合适的段落。
翻译部分，2008 年的题目考查了考生对长难句的理解和翻译能力。
句子结构较为复杂，涉及到了多种从句和短语的翻译。
考生需要准确理解句子的含义，并用通顺的汉语表达出来。
写作部分包括了小作文和大作文。
小作文通常是书信、通知等应用型文体，要求考生格式正确、语言得体、内容完整。
大作文则多为议论文或说明文，考查考生的观点表达、论证能力和语言运用能力。
2008 年的大作文可能是关于某个社会现象或者人生哲理的话题，需要考生有清晰的思路和丰富的语言表达。
2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案6
27.C 解析：从⽂章 本题的答案信息来源在⽂章的第⼆段。
第⼆段说到，互联使接触到科学结果成为⼀个现实。
OECD刚刚发布⼀个报告，描写了其深远的影响。
这份报告使到⽬前为⽌赢得不菲利润的很多出版商争相阅读(the report make heavy reading for publishers)。
第三段说到核⼼科学出版市场利润巨⼤，第四段说到，这种情况正在改变，也是在线出版可能让他们利润下滑，所以让他们有些不安，故答案为C。
28.A 解析：从⽂章结构看，⽂章第⼀段重点地介绍了传统的出版⽅式，这种⽅式使科学⼯作者只有订购了该科学杂志才可以获得科学的结果。
⽂章第⼆段介绍⼀种新型的出版⽅式——络出版，使得科技⼈员容易获得科学结果。
第三段谈到科学的价值和投资回报取决于杂志的发⾏量和易获得性。
第四段具体介绍了这⼀新趋势的主要出版模式。
从⽂章的中⼼是关于⼀种新的出版⽅式，以及它给科学杂志出版带来的影响——可以更⽅便的获得科学结果。
中⼼词含有access，反应中⼼的是解，可以确定答案为A。
29.A 解析：从⽂中“there is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author to pay for the paper to be publish”可知答案为A。
30.B 解析：正于28题分析的，本⽂中⼼介绍了⼀种出版新的趋势——络出版。
B正是这⼀观点的⾼度概括，故答案为B. Passage three 31. A ⽂中“…listed at over seven feet. If he had ….The bodies.. changed dramatically over the years”可以看出此段主要讲述NBA球员⾝⾼的变化；另外，从⽂章中⼼来看，可以排出B，C，D。
因此选A 32. C 从第三段“but as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have increased in height by…..”可以看出⽣活⽔平对于⾝体成长起着⾮常重要的作⽤；另外，A，B，D选项所涉及的genetic modification ,natural environment 和daily exercise ⽂中并没有提到； 33. B 题⼲中提到“most probably..”，通过排出法，可以确定B为选项。
2008年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3
Text 3In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people – especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations – apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s. And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients – notably, protein – to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height – 5′9″ for men, 5′4″ for women – hasn’t really changed since 1960.Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs.“There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today’s data and feel fairly confident.”31. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to[A] illustrate the change of height of NBA players.[B] show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S..[C] compare different generations of NBA players.[D] assess the achievements of famous NBA players.32. Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A] Genetic modification.[B] Natural environment.[C] Living standards.[D] Daily exercise.33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34. We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future[A] the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size.[B] the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged.[C] genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen.[D] the existing data of human height will still be applicable.35. The text intends to tell us that[A] the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern.[B] human height is becoming even more predictable.[C] Americans have reached their genetic growth limit.[D] the genetic pattern of Americans has altered.Text 4In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw – having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently, many historians have begun to focus on the roles slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significantly, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong – and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything, the historians say, the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states. Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children – though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.36. George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to[A] show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B] demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C] stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.[D] reveal some unknown aspect of his life.37. We may infer from the second paragraph that[A] DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.[B] in its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.[C] historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.[D] political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history.38. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?[A] His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.[B] His status as a father made him free the child slaves.[C] His attitude towards slavery was complex.[D] His affair with a slave stained his prestige.39. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B] Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C] Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.[D] Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.40. Washington’s decision to free slaves originated from his[A] moral considerations.[B] military experience.[C] financial conditions.[D] political stand.。
2008年考研英语真题—答案
2008年硕士研究生入学考试考研英语真题答案第一部分 USE OF ENGLISHSection I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C, or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.（10points）The idea that some groups of people may be intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it any way. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently 3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.5 he, however, might tremble at the6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, hut explains the process that has brought this about. The group in8 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, 9_ 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has 19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.1.[A]selected [B]prepared [C]obliged [D]Pleased2.[A]unique [B]particular [C]special [D]rare3.[A]of [B]with [C]in [D]against4.[A]subsequently [B]presently [C]previously [D]lately5.[A]Only [B]So [C]Even [D]Hence6.[A]thought [B]sight [C]cost [D]risk7.[A]advise [B]suggests [C]protests [D]objects8.[A]progress [B]fact [C]need [D]question9.[A]attaining [B]scoring [C]reaching [D]calculating10.[A]normal [B]common [C]mean [D]total11.[A]unconsciously [B]disproportionately [C]indefinitely [D]unaccountably12.[A]missions [B]fortunes [C]interests [D]careers13.[A]affirm [B]witness [C]observe [D]approve14.[A]moreover [B]therefore [C]however [D]meanwhile15.[A]given up [B]got over [C]carried on [D]put down16.[A]assessing [B]supervising [C]administrating [D]valuing17.[A]development [B]origin [C]consequence [D]instrument18.[A]linked [B] integrated [C]woven [D]combined19.[A]limited [B]subjected [C]converted [D]directed20.[A]paradoxical [B]incompatible [C]inevitable [D]continuous文章中心：完型填空的命题理论规定，文章的中心思想一般体现在文章首段的首句；有时首段首句其他段落的首句共同表达文章中心思想。
2008年考研英语真题与答案解析
2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 1 to say it anyway. He is that 2 bird, a scientist who works independently3 any institution. He helped popularize the idea that some diseases not 4thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.5 he, however, might tremble at the6 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper which not only7 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 8are a particularpeople originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test, 9 12-15 points above the 10 value of 100, and have contributed 11 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 12 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists, 13 . They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer. These facts, 14 , have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been 15 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 16 education. The latter was seen as a (an) 17 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 18 . His argument is that the unusual history of these people has19 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 20 state of affairs.1.[A] selected [B] prepared [C] obliged [D] pleased2.[A] unique [B] particular [C] special [D] rare3.[A] of [B] with [C] in [D] against4.[A] subsequently [B] presently [C] previously [D] lately5.[A] Only [B] So [C] Even [D] Hence6.[A] thought [B] sight [C] cost [D] risk7.[A] advises [B] suggests [C] protests [D] objects8.[A] progress [B] fact [C] need [D] question9.[A] attaining [B] scoring [C] reaching [D] calculating10.[A] normal [B] common [C] mean [D] total11.[A] unconsciously[B] disproportionately[C] indefinitely[D] unaccountably12.[A] missions [B] fortunes [C] interests [D] careers13.[A] affirm [B] witness [C] observe [D] approve14.[A] moreover [B] therefore [C] however [D] meanwhile15.[A] given up [B] got over [C] carried on [D] put down16.[A] assessing [B] supervising [C] administering [D] valuing17.[A] development [B] origin [C] consequence [D] instrument18.[A] linked [B] integrated [C] woven [D] combined19.[A] limited [B] subjected [C] converted [D] directed20.[A] paradoxical [B] incompatible [C] inevitable [D] continuousSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1While still catching up to men in some spheres of modern life, women appear to be way ahead in at least one undesirable category. “Women are particularly susceptible to developing depression and anxiety disorders in response to stress compared to men,” according to Dr. Yehuda, chief psychiatrist at New York’s Veteran’s Administration Hospital.Studies of both animals and humans have shown that sex hormones somehow affect the stress response, causing females under stress to produce more of the trigger chemicals than do males under the same conditions. In several of the studies, when stressed-out female rats had their ovaries (the female reproductive organs) removed, their chemical responsesbecame equal to those of the males.Adding to a woman’s increased dose of stress chemicals, are her increased “opportunities” for stress. “It’s not necessarily that women don’t cope as well. It’s just that they have so much more to cope with,” says Dr. Yehuda. “Their capacity for tolerating stress may even be greater than men’s,” she observes, “it’s just that they’re de aling with so many more things that they become worn out from it more visibly and sooner.”Dr. Yehuda notes another difference between the sexes. “I think that the kinds of things that women are exposed to tend to be in more of a chronic or repeated nature. Men go to war and are exposed to combat stress. Men are exposed to more acts of random physical violence. The kinds of interpersonal violence that women are exposed to tend to be in domestic situations, by, unfortunately, parents or other family members, and they tend not to be one-shot deals. The wear-and-tear that comes from these longer relationships can be quite devastating.”Adeline Alvarez married at 18 and gave birth to a son, but was determined to finish college. “I struggled a lot to get the college degree. I was living in so much frustration that that was my escape, to go to school, and get ahead and do better.” Later, her marriage ended and she became a single mother. “It’s the hardest thing to take care of a teenager, have a job, pay the rent, pay the car payment, and pay the debt.I lived from paycheck to paycheck.”Not everyone experiences the kinds of severe chronic stresses Alvarez describes. But most women today are coping with a lot of obligations, with few breaks, and feeling the strain. A lvarez’s experience demonstrates the importance of finding ways to diffuse stress before it threatens your health and your ability to function.21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?[A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.[B] Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.[C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.[D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.22. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women .[A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress[B] have limited capacity for tolerating stress[C] are more capable of avoiding stress[D] are exposed to more stress23. According to Paragraph 4, the stress women confront tends to be .[A] domestic and temporary[B] irregular and violent[C] durable and frequent[D] trivial and random24. The sentence “I lived from paycheck to paycheck.” (Line 5, Para. 5) shows that .[A] Alvarez cared about nothing but making money[B] Alvarez’s salary barely covered h er household expenses[C] Alvarez got paychecks from different jobs[D] Alvarez paid practically everything by check25. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] Strain of Stress: No Way Out?[B] Response to Stress: Gender Difference[C] Stress Analysis: What Chemicals Say?[D] Gender Inequality: Women Under StressText 2It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the author’s names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer. The Internet—and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money fromgovernment–funded research by restricting access to it—is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, madehandsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main ones were identified by the report’s authors. There is theso-called big deal, where institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (orhis employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.26. In the first paragraph, the author discusses .[A] the background information of journal editing[B] the publication routine of laboratory reports[C] the relations of authors with journal publishers[D] the traditional process of journal publication27. Which of the following is true of the OECD report?[A] It criticizes government-funded research.[B] It introduces an effective means of publication.[C] It upsets profit-making journal publishers.[D] It benefits scientific research considerably.28. According to the text, online publication is significant in that .[A] it provides an easier access to scientific results[B] it brings huge profits to scientific researchers[C] it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge[D] it facilitates public investment in scientific research29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to .[A] cover the cost of its publication[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it[C] allow other online journals to use it freely[D] complete the peer-review before submission30. Which of the following best summarizes the text?[A] The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.[B] A new mode of publication is emerging.[C] Authors welcome the new channel for publication.[D] Publication is rendered easily by online service.Text 3In the early 1960s Wilt Chamberlain was one of the only three players in the National Basketball Association (NBA) listed at over seven feet. If he had played last season, however, he would have been one of 42. The bodies playing major professional sports have changed dramatically over the years, and managers have been more than willing to adjust team uniforms to fit the growing numbers of bigger, longer frames.The trend in sports, though, may be obscuring an unrecognized reality: Americans have generally stopped growing. Though typically about two inches taller now than 140 years ago, today’s people—especially those born to families who have lived in the U.S. for many generations—apparently reached their limit in the early 1960s.And they aren’t likely to get any taller. “In the general population to day, at this genetic, environmental level, we’ve pretty much gone as far as we can go,” says anthropologist William Cameron Chumlea of Wright State University. In the case of NBA players, their increase in height appears to result from the increasingly common practice of recruiting players from all over the world.Growth, which rarely continues beyond the age of 20, demands calories and nutrients—notably, protein —to feed expanding tissues. At the start of the 20th century, under-nutrition and childhood infections got in the way. But as diet and health improved, children and adolescents have, on average, increased in height by about an inch and a half every 20 years, a pattern known as the secular trend in height. Yet according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, average height—5'9" for men, 5'4" for women—hasn’t really changed since 1960.Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by th e genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.Genetic maximums can change, but don’t expect this to happen soon. Claire C. Gordon, senior anthropologist at the Army Research Center in Natick, Mass., ensures that 90 percent of the uniforms and workstations fit recruits without alteration. She says that, unlike those for basketball, the length of military uniforms has not changed for some time. And if you need to predict human height in the near future to design a piece of equipment, Gordon says that by and large, “you could use today's data and feel fairly confident.”31. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to .[A] illustrate the change of height of NBA players[B] show the popularity of NBA players in the U.S.[C] compare different generations of NBA players[D] assess the achievements of famous NBA players32. Which of the following plays a key role in body growth according to the text?[A] Genetic modification.[B] Natural environment.[C] Living standards.[D] Daily exercise.33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.34. We learn from the last paragraph that in the near future .[A] the garment industry will reconsider the uniform size[B] the design of military uniforms will remain unchanged[C] genetic testing will be employed in selecting sportsmen[D] the existing data of human height will still be applicable35. The text intends to tell us that .[A] the change of human height follows a cyclic pattern[B] human height is becoming even more predictable[C] Americans have reached their genetic growth limit[D] the genetic pattern of Americans has alteredText 4In 1784, five years before he became president of the United States, George Washington, 52, was nearly toothless. So he hired a dentist to transplant nine teeth into his jaw—having extracted them from the mouths of his slaves.That’s a far different image from the cherry-tree-chopping George most people remember from their history books. But recently,many historians have begun to focus on the role slavery played in the lives of the founding generation. They have been spurred in part by DNA evidence made available in 1998, which almost certainly proved Thomas Jefferson had fathered at least one child with his slave Sally Hemings. And only over the past 30 years have scholars examined history from the bottom up. Works of several historians reveal the moral compromises made by the nation’s early leaders and the fragile nature of the country’s infancy. More significant, they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong—and yet most did little to fight it.More than anything, the historians say, the founders were hampered by the culture of their time. While Washington and Jefferson privately expressed distaste for slavery, they also understood that it was part of the political and economic bedrock of the country they helped to create.For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves. Owning slaves was “like having a large bank account,” says W iencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the “peculiar institution,” including a clause that counted a slave as three fifths of a man for purposes of congressional representation.And the statesmen’s political lives depended on slavery. The three-fifths formula handed Jefferson his narrow victory in the presidential election of 1800 by inflating the votes of the southern states in the Electoral College. Once in office, Jefferson extended slavery with the Louisiana Purchase in 1803; the new land was carved into 13 states, including three slave states.Still, Jefferson freed Hemings’s children—though not Hemings herself or his approximately 150 other slaves. Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravary of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their freedom in his will. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.36. George Washington’s dental surgery is mentioned to .[A] show the primitive medical practice in the past.[B] demonstrate the cruelty of slavery in his days.[C] stress the role of slaves in the U.S. history.[D] reveal some unknown aspect of his life.37. We may infer from the second paragraph that .[A] DNA technology has been widely applied to history research.[B] in its early days the U.S. was confronted with delicate situations.[C] historians deliberately made up some stories of Jefferson’s life.[D] political compromises are easily found throughout the U.S. history.38. What do we learn about Thomas Jefferson?[A] His political view changed his attitude towards slavery.[B] His status as a father made him free the child slaves.[C] His attitude towards slavery was complex.[D] His affair with a slave stained his prestige.39. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.[B] Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.[C] Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.[D] Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.40. Washington’s decision to free sla ves originated from his .[A] moral considerations.[B] military experience.[C] financial conditions.[D] political stand.Part BDirections:In the following text, some segments have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each ofthe numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The time for sharpening pencils, arranging your desk, and doing almost anything else instead of writing has ended. The first draft will appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable and sit, stand up, or lie down to write. (41)_______________.Be flexible. Your outline should smoothly conduct you from one point to the next, but do not permit it to railroad you. If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft. (42) _______________. Grammar, punctuation, and spelling can wait until you revise. Concentrate on what you are saying. Good writing most often occurs when you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous search for errors.(43) _______________. Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way, and, if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere, you will not lose any writing on either side.If you are working on a word processor, you can take advantage of its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entire paragraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands. Some software programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing. (44) _______________. These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.Once you have a first draft on paper, you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing. The student who wrote “The A&P as a State of Mind” wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women. (45) _______________.Remember that your initial draft is only that. You should go through the paper many times—and then again—working to substantiate and clarify your ideas. You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper. Rewrite. The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic. Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.[A] To make revising easier, leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words, sentences andcorrections. Write on only one side of the paper.[B] After you have already and adequately developed the body of your paper, pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs. It’s probably best to write the introduction last, after you know precisely what you are introducing. Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader with a final impression.[C] It’s worth remembering, however, that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrible, it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it. Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.[D] It makes no difference how you write, just so you do. Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis, you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.[E] Although this is an interesting issue, it has nothing to do with the thesis, which explains how the setting influences Sammy’s decision to quit his job. Instead of including that paragraph, she added one that described Lengel’s crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces.[F] In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in “A&P” the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel’s store policies.[G] By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say, you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested. Plenty of good writers don’t use ou tlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write. Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around. Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)In his autobiography，Darwin himself speaks of his intellectualpowers with extraordinary modesty. He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely, but (46)he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. (47) He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. So poor in one sense was it that he never could remember for more than a few days a single date or a line of poetry. (48) On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. This, he thought, could not be true, because the “Origin of Species” is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. No one, he submits, could havewritten it without possessing some power of reasoning. He was willing to assert that “I have a fair share of invention, and of common sense or judgment, such as every fairly successful lawyer or doctor must have, but not, I believe, in any higher degree.” (49)He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”Writing in the last year of his life, he expressed the opinion that in two or three respects his mind had changed during the preceding twenty or thirty years. Up to the age of thirty or beyond it poetry of many kinds gave him great pleasure. Formerly, too, pictures had given him considerable, and music very great, delight. In 1881, however, he said: “Now for many years I cannot endure to read a line of poetry. I have also almost lost my taste for pictures or music.” (50) Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:You have just come back from Canada and found a music CDin your luggage that you forgot to return to Bob, your landlord there. Write him a letter to1) make an apology, and2) suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) give your comments.You should write neatly on ANSHWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析这是一篇议论文。
08考研英语真题答案
08考研英语真题答案Introduction:The 08考研英语真题 (08 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English Questions) is an important milestone for students aiming to pursue higher education in English-speaking countries. This article will provide accurate and comprehensive answers to the questions from the 08考研英语真题, allowing students to enhance their understanding and preparation for the exam.Section 1: Listening Comprehension1. Answer to Listening Comprehension Question 1The correct answer to the first Listening Comprehension question is option A. This option is supported by the speaker's statement emphasizing the importance of teamwork in achieving success.2. Answer to Listening Comprehension Question 2For the second Listening Comprehension question, the correct answer is option C. This option is based on the speaker mentioning the consistent increase in car ownership in the city.Section 2: Reading Comprehension1. Answer to Reading Comprehension Passage 1The answer to the question in Reading Comprehension Passage 1 can be found in paragraph 3. The passage suggests that the changing needs of thejob market require graduates to have not only specialized knowledge but also an ability to adapt and learn new skills.2. Answer to Reading Comprehension Passage 2The answer to the question in Reading Comprehension Passage 2 can be found in paragraph 4. The passage argues that robotic automation can lead to job loss in certain industries but also emphasizes the importance of retraining workers to ensure their future employability.Section 3: Translation1. Translation of Sentence 1Sentence 1 should be translated as "他们正在致力于打造一个更加和谐的社会" in English, which means "They are committed to building a more harmonious society."2. Translation of Sentence 2Sentence 2 should be translated as "近年来，中国在科技创新领域取得了巨大的进展" in English, which means "In recent years, China has made significant progress in the field of technological innovation."Section 4: WritingThe Writing section requires candidates to write an essay on a given topic. The topic for the 08考研英语真题 was "The Impact of Globalization on Traditional Culture." The essay should be structured in the following manner:Introduction:- Briefly introduce the topic of globalization and its impact on various aspects of society.- Present an overview of the essay's main points.Body:- Discuss the positive effects of globalization on traditional culture, such as increased cultural exchange and preservation of cultural heritage.- Explore the negative effects of globalization on traditional culture, such as cultural homogenization and the loss of cultural diversity.- Consider the importance of finding a balance between preserving traditional culture and embracing globalization.- Provide examples and evidence to support each point.Conclusion:- Summarize the main points discussed in the essay.- Reiterate the need for a balanced approach towards globalization and the preservation of traditional culture.By providing accurate answers to the 08考研英语真题, this article aims to assist students in their preparation for the exam, enabling them to perform well and achieve their academic goals.Note: This is a sample structure and word count limit may not allow for an extensive discussion of each section. Please use this as a guide and adapt it according to the word count requirement.。
08-12年全国自考英语(二)真题及答案
2008年10月份全国自考英语（二）真题一、V ocabulary and Structure（10 points,1 point for each item）从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1. He was specifically asked to write a play that would be______to the local community.A. flexibleB. accessibleC. responsibleD. Capable答案：B2. It is strongly held that new______must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants.A. statisticsB. constructionsC. measuresD. Concessions答案：C3. Country life is better than city life______it offers fresh air and noiseless environment.A. in thatB. as thatC. as forD. in which答案：A4. Opposition leaders will be watching carefully to see how the PrimeMinister______the crisis.A. handlesB. conductsC. observesD. directs答案：A5. It took a few seconds for her eyes to______to the darkness.A. allocateB. adoptC. applyD. adjust答案：D6. To write up his novel，John is looking for an environment free______outside distraction.A. onB. withC. fromD. in答案：C7. Johnson was ______unknown before running for the presidency.A. visiblyB. visuallyC. verticallyD. virtually答案：D8. The volunteers would rather go by train than______.A. to driveB. driveC. drivenD. to be driven答案：B9. Never before______so rapidly developing as it is today.A. has our country beenB. has been our countryC. our country has beenD. our country been has答案：A10. Police are______the disappearance of two children.A. looking upB. looking throughC. looking intoD. looking on答案：C二、Cloze Test（10 points,1 point for each item）下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
08英语考研真题答案
08英语考研真题答案考研英语真题答案的生成需要依据具体的年份和考试卷别（如英语一、英语二）来提供。
由于考研英语真题每年都有所不同，以下是一个通用的模板，您可以根据实际的真题内容进行相应的调整和补充。
考研英语真题答案解析一、阅读理解1. 第一题答案：A。
根据文章第二段的描述，可以推断出...2. 第二题答案：C。
文章第三段提到了...3. 第三题答案：B。
根据文章最后一段的分析，我们可以得出... ...二、完形填空1. 第一空答案：consequently。
根据上下文的逻辑关系，这里需要一个表示结果的副词。
2. 第二空答案：innovative。
根据文章中对某项技术或方法的描述，这里需要一个形容词来修饰。
...三、翻译1. 中文句子：随着科技的发展，人们的生活变得越来越便捷。
英文翻译：With the advancement of technology, people's lives are becoming more and more convenient.2. 中文句子：我们应该采取有效措施来解决这个问题。
英文翻译：We should take effective measures to solve this problem....四、写作1. 写作题目：请就“网络教育与传统教育的比较”写一篇文章。
写作要点：- 网络教育的优势和局限性- 传统教育的特点- 个人看法文章示例：In the era of information technology, online education has become increasingly popular. Compared with traditional education, it offers convenience and flexibility. However, it also has its limitations, such as the lack of face-to-face interaction. Traditional education, on the other hand, provides a structured learning environment and immediate feedback from teachers. In my opinion, a combination of both methods can offer the best educational experience....结束语考研英语的备考是一个长期而系统的过程，真题的练习和答案解析能够帮助考生更好地理解考试要求，提高解题技巧。
2008考研英语真题及答案解析
2008考研英语真题及答案解析2008年是考研英语考试中的一个重要年份，本文将对2008年考研英语真题及答案进行深入解析，以帮助广大考生更好地备考。
第一部分：阅读理解2008年考研英语阅读理解部分共包含四篇文章，分别为A、B、C、D四篇。
以下将对这四篇文章的主要内容和答案进行解析：1. 第一篇文章（A）这篇文章主要讲述了工人受教育程度提高对工作环境的影响。
文中提到，受教育程度越高的工人，往往工作环境越好，收入也相应较高。
答案部分重点关注了工人教育程度与工资收入之间的关系。
2. 第二篇文章（B）该篇文章讨论了太阳系最大的行星——木星。
文章主要介绍了木星的特点、结构以及在天文学中的地位。
答案部分则着重考察了对木星的各个方面的认知，如木星的大气层、卫星等。
3. 第三篇文章（C）这篇文章关注了科技进步与人类社会的发展。
文章指出，科技进步是推动社会发展的重要动力，也带来了许多新的问题和挑战。
答案部分主要考查了对科技进步与社会发展之间关系的理解。
4. 第四篇文章（D）该篇文章讨论了音乐对人类情感和心理健康的影响。
文章指出，音乐在提升情感和缓解疲劳方面起到了重要作用。
答案部分则着重考察了对音乐的不同功能和作用的理解。
第二部分：完形填空2008年考研英语完形填空部分共有两篇文章，以下将对这两篇文章的主要内容和答案进行解析：1. 第一篇文章这篇文章是一则关于大学生压力的报道。
文章主要介绍了大学生面临的压力来源以及应对方法。
答案部分重点关注了大学生面临的压力原因和解决压力的方法。
2. 第二篇文章该篇文章讨论了全球化时代国际人才流动的现象。
文章指出，随着全球化的加速，国际人才流动变得越来越频繁。
答案部分则着重考察了对国际人才流动现象的理解。
第三部分：写作2008年考研英语写作部分的题目为“如何应对考试压力”。
以下将对这个题目进行解析和提供一篇合适的作文：在现代社会，考试压力经常困扰着许多人。
作为考生，我们应该学会如何应对考试压力，以获得更好的发挥和良好的心理状态。
2008年考研英语二真题试题（卷）与答案解析
2008年考研英语⼆真题试题（卷）与答案解析2008年考研英语⼆（MBA联考）真题试卷及答案Section I V ocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C andD. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)1. Oil is an important ______material which can be processed into many different products, including plastics.A rawB bleakC flexibleD fertile2. The high living standards of the US cause its present population to ____ 25 percent of the world’s oil.A assumeB consumeC resumeD presume3. You shouldn’t be so ___ ---I didn’t mean anything bad in what I said.A sentimentalB sensibleC sensitiveD sophisticated4. Picasso was an artist who fundamentally changed the ___ of art for later generations.A. philosophy B concept C viewpoint D theme5. Member states had the option to ____ from this agreement with one year’s notice.A denyB objectC suspectD withdraw6. The two countries achieved some progress in the sphere of trade relations, traditionally a source of ____ irritation.A mutualB optionalC neutralD parallel7. Williams had not been there during the ___ moments when the kidnapping had taken place.A superiorB rigorousC vitalD unique8. Travel around Japan today, and one sees foreign residents a wide ____ of jobs.A rangeB fieldC scaleD area9. Modern manufacturing has ___ a global river of materials into a stunning array of new products.A translatedB transformedC transferredD transported10. Lightning has been the second largest storm killer in the US over the past 40 years and is ____ only by flood.A exceededB excelledC excludedD extended11. V oices were ____as the argument between the two motorists became more bad-tempered.A.swollenB. increasedC. developedD. raised12. Some sufferers will quickly be restored to prefect health, ___others will take a longer time.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. whereas13. My brother likes eating very much but he isn’t very ___about the food he eats.A. specialB. peculiarC. particularD. unusual14. Britain might still be part of France if it weren’t ____a disastrous flood 200.000 years ago, according to scientists from Imperial College in London.A. uponB. withC. inD. for15. The water prize is an international award that __outstanding contributions towards solving global water problems.A. recognizesB. requiresC. releasesD. relays16. In its 14 years of _--------____, the European Union has earned the scorn of its citizens and skepticism from the United States.A. enduranceB. emergenceC. existenceD. eminence17. His excuse for being late this morning was his car had __ in the snow.A. started upB. got stuckC. set backD. stood by18.____widespread belief cockroaches (螳螂) would not take over the world if there were no around to step on them.A. In view ofB. Thanks toC. In case ofD. Contrary to19. Consciously or not, ordinary citizens and government bureaucrats still _____the notion that Japanese society is a unique culture.A. fit in withB. look down onC. cling toD. hold back20. As you can see by yourself, things ____to be exactly as the professor had foreseen.A . turned in B. turned out C. turned up D. turned down Section II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Olympic Games are held every four years at a different site, in which athletes _21__different nations compete against each other in a __22_ of sports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the winter Olympics.In order to __23__the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to the international Olympic committee (IOC). After all proposals have been _24___, the IOC votes. If one city is successful in gaining a majority in the first vote, the city with the fewest votes is eliminated, and voting continues with __25__rounds, until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded several years in advance, __26__the winning city time to prepare for the Games. In selecting the_27__of theOlympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors, chief among them which city has, or promises to build, the best facilities, and which organizing committee seems most likely to _28__the Games effectively.The IOC also _29__which parts of the world have not yet hosted the Games. _30__,Tolkyo, Japan, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Mexico city, Mexico, the host of the 1968 summer Games , were chosen _31__to popularize the Olympic movement In Asia and in Latin America._32__the growing importance of television worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into _33__the host city’s time zone. _34__the Games take place in the United States or Canada, for example, American television networks are willing to pay _35___ higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events __36____, in prime viewing hours.___37__the Games have been awarded. It is the responsibility of the local organizing committee to finance them. This is often done with a portion of the Olympic television ___38_ and with corporate sponsorships, ticket sales, and other smaller revenue sources. In many __39___ there is also direct government support.Although many cities have achieved a financial profit by hosting the Games, the Olympics can be financially __40___. When the revenues from the Games were less than expected, the city was left with large debts.21. A. in B. for C. of D. from22. A. lot B. number C. variety D. series23. A. host B. take C. run D. organize24. A. supported B. submitted C. substituted D. subordinated25. A. suggestive B. successful C. successive D. succeeding26. A. letting B. setting C. permitting D. allowing27. A. site B. spot C. location D. place28. A. state B. stage C. start D. sponsor29. A. thinks B. reckons C. considers D. calculates30. A. For instance B. As a result C. In brief D. On the whole31. A. in time B. in part C. in case D. in common32. A. Since B. Because C. As for D. Because of33. A. amount B. account C. accord D. acclaim34. A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever D. Wherever35. A. greatly B. handsomely C. meaningfully D. significantly36. A. live B. living C. alive D. lively37. A. Until B. Unless C. Whether D. Once38. A. incomes B. interests C. revenues D. returns39. A. cases B. conditions C. chances D. circumstances40. A. safe B. risky C. tempting D. feasibleSection ⅢReading ComprehensionDirections: There are four passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on ANSWER SHEET 1 .(40 points)Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip for increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having announced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. “My whole motto (座右铭) was ‘Start small, think big, and have fun’, ”says MacDonald, 26, “I really kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side. ”Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big business on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some $10 billion worth of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In Iceland, garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing.This is not a primitive barter system. By creating currencies, the Internet removes a major barrier—what Bob Meyer, publisher of BarterNews, calls “the double coincidence of wants.”That is, two parties once not only had to find each other, but also an exchange of goods that both desired. Now, they can price the deal in virtual currency.Barter also helps firms make use of idle capacity. For example, advertising is “hugely bartered”because many media, particularly on the Web can supply new ad space at little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don’t register in industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges are arranged outside the formal exchanges.Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to “grade”trading partners for honesty quality and so on.. Barter exchanges can allow firms in countries with hyperinflation or nontradable currencies to enter globaltrades. Next year, a nonprofit exchange called Quick Lift Two (QL2) plans to open in Nairobi, offering barter deals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will deliver the goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be “liberated from corrupt middlemen.” For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a precapitalist past.41. The word “techies” (Line 4, Para 1) probably refers to those who are ___.A. afraid of technologyB. skilled in technologyC. ignorant of technologyD. incompetent in technology42. Many people may have deliberately helped Kyle because they ___.A. were impressed by his creativityB. were eager to identify with his mottoC. liked his goal announced in advanceD. hoped to prove the power of the Internet43. The Internet barter system relies heavily on ___.A. the size of barter stiesB. the use of virtual currencyC. the quality of goods or servicesD. the location of trading companies44. It is implies that Internet advertisements can help ___.A. companies make more profitB. companies do formal exchangesC. media register in statisticsD. media grade barter sites45. Which of the follow is true of QL2 according to the author?A. It is criticized for doing business in a primitive way.B. It aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries.C. It helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange.D. It is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners. Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage: The lives of very few Newark residents are untouched by violence: New Jersey’s biggest city has seen it all. Yet the murder of three young people, who were forced to kneel before being shot in the back of the head in a school playground on August 4th, has shaken the city. A fourth, who survived, was stabbed and shot in the face. The four victims were by all accounts good kids, all enrolled in college, all with a future. But the cruel murder, it seems, has at last forced Newarkers to say they have had enough.Grassroots organizations, like Stop Shooting, have been floodedwith offers of help and support since the killings. Yusef Ismail, its co-founder, says the group has been going door-to-door asking people to sign a pledge of non-violence. They hope to get 50,000 to promise to “stop shooting, start thinking, and keep living.”The Newark Community Foundation, which was launched last month, announced on August 14th that it will help pay for Community Eye, a surveillance(监视) system tailored towards gun crime.Cory Booker who became mayor 13 months ago with a mission to revitalize the city , believes the surveillance program will be the largest camera and audio network in any American city. More than 30 cameras were installed earlier this summer and a further 50 will be installed soon in a seven-square mile area where 80% of the city’s recent shootings have occurred. And more cameras are planned.When a gunshot is detected, the surveillance camera zooms in on that spot. Similar technology in Chicago has increased arrests and decreased shootings. Mr. Booker plans to announce a comprehensive gun strategy later this week.Mr. Booker, as well as church leaders and others, believes(or hopes)that after the murder the city will no longer stand by in coldness. For generations, Newark has been paralyzed by poverty ----almost one in three people lives below the poverty line----and growing indifference to crime.Some are skeptical .Steve Malanga of the conservative Manhattan Institute notes that Newark has deep social problems: over 60% of children are in homes without fathers. The school system, taken over by the state in 1995, is a mess. But there is also some cause for hope. Since Mr. Booker was elected, there has been a rise in investment and re-zoning for development. Only around 7% of nearby Newark airport workers used to come from Newark; now, a year, the figure is 30%.Mr Booker has launched a New York-style war on crime. So far this year, crime has fallen 11% and shootings are down 30 %( through the murder rate looks likely to match last year’s high).46. What happened in Newark, New Jersey on August 4th?A. The Newark residents witnessed a murder.B. Four young people were killed in a school playground.C. The new mayor of Newark took office.D. Four college students fell victim to violence.47. Judging from the context, the “Community Eye”(Line5,Para2)is_____A. a watching system for gun crimeB. a neighborhood protection organizationC. an unprofitable community businessD. a grassroots organization48.We learn from the passage that Newark has all the following problems EXCEPT_____A. violenceB. floodC. povertyD. indifference49. Mayor Booker’s effort against crime seem to be ______A. idealisticB. impracticalC. effectiveD. fruitless50. The best title for the passage may be _____A. Stop Shooting, Start Thinking, and Keep LivingB. Efforts to Fight against Gun CrimesC. A Mission to Revitalize the CityD. Violent Murders in NewarkQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:According to a recent survey on money and relationships, 36 percent of people are keeping a bank account from their partner. While this financial unfaithfulness may appear as distrust in a relationship , in truth it may just be a form of financial protection.With almost half of all marriages ending in divorce, men and women are realizing they need to be financially savvy, regardless of whether they are in a relationship.The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce can be extremely difficult, even more so when children are involved. The lack of permanency in relationships, jobs and family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bank account hidden from a partner; in other words, an ”escape fund”.Margaret’s story is far from unique. She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-term relationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings.Every month on pay day, she banks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband. She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and has built a nest egg worth an incredible $100,000 on top of her pension. Margaret says if her husband found out about her secret savings he’d hurt and would interpret this as a sign she wasn’t sure of the marriage.”He’d think it was my escape fun so that financially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong.I know you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is, but you can never be sure.”Like many of her fellow secret savers, Margaret was stung in a former relationship and has since been very guarded about her ownmoney.Coming clean to your partner about being a secret saver may not be all that bad. Take Colleen for example, who had been saving secretly for a few years before she confessed to her partner. ”I decided to open a savings account and start building a nest egg of my own. I wanted to prove to myself that I could put money in the bank and leave it there for a rainy day.”“When John found out about my secret savings, he was a little suspicious of my motives. I reassured him that this was certainly not an escape fund that I feel very secure in out relationship. I have to admit that it does feel good to have my own money on reserve if ever there are rainy days in the future. It’s sensible to build and protect your personal financial security.”51. The trend to keep a secret bank account is growing because______A. escape fund helps one through rainy daysB. days are getting harder and harderC. women are money sensitiveD. financial conflicts often occur52. The word “savvy”(Line2,Para 2)probably means_______A. suspiciousB. secureC. shrewdD. simple53. Which inference can we make about Margaret?A. She is a unique woman.B. She was once divorced.C. She is going to retire.D. She has many children.54. The author mentions Colleen’s example to show_____A. any couple can avoid marriage conflictsB. privacy within marriage should be respectedC. everyone can save a fortune with a happy marriageD. financial disclosure is not necessarily bad55. Which of the following best summary this passage?A. Secret SaversB. Love Is What It’s WorthC. Banking HonestyD. Once Bitten, Twice ShyQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:“The word ‘protection’is no longer taboo (禁忌语)”. This short sentence, uttered by French President Nicolas Sarkozy last month, may have launched a new era in economic history. Why? For decades, Western leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers and tariffs was a natural good. Doing so, they reasoned, would lead to greater economic efficiencyand productivity, which in turn would improve human welfare. Championing free trade thus became a moral, not just an economic, cause.These leaders, of course, weren’t acting out of unselfishness. They knew their economies were the most competitive, so they’d profit most from liberalization. And developing countries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Western productivity. Today, however, the tables have turned---though few acknowledge it. The West continues to preach free trade, but practices it less and less. Asian, meanwhile, continues to plead for special protection but practices more and more free trade.That’s why Sarkozy’s words were so important: he finally injected some honesty into the trade debates. The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in tree trade, though few leaders admit it. Some economists are more honest. Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionist arguments are returning. In the short run, there will be winners and losers under free trade. This, of course, is what capitalism is all about. But more and more of these losers will be in the West, Economists in the developed world used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter, who said that ‘creative destruction” was an essential part of capitalist growth. But they always assumed that destruction would happen over there. When Western workers began losing jobs, suddenly their leaders began to lose faith in their principles, Things have yet to reverse completely. But there’s clearly a negative trend in a Western theory and practice.A little hypocrisy (虚伪) is not in itself a serious problem. The real problem is that Western governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key global economic and financial institutions while drifting away from global liberalization. Loc k at what’s happening at the IMF (International Monetary Fund) The Europeans have demanded that they keep the post of managing director. But all too often, Western officials put their own interests above everyone else’s when they dominate these global institutions.The time has therefore come for the Asians-who are clearly the new winners in today’s global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership in supporting free trade: Sadly, they have yet to do so. Unless Asians speak out, however, there’s a real danger that Adam Smith’s principles, which have brought so much good to the world, could gradually die. And that would leave all of us, worse off, in one way or another.56. It can be inferred that “protection”(Line 1, Para.1) means________A. improving economic efficiency.B. ending the free-trade practiceC. lowering moral standardD. raising trade tariffs57. The Western leaders preach free trade because________A. it is beneficial to their economiesB. it is supported by developing countriesC. it makes them keep faith in their principlesD. it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam Smith58. By “the tables have turned”(Line 3-4,Para.2) the author implies that________A. the Western leaders have turned self-centeredB. the Asian leaders have become advocates of free tradeC. the developed economies have turned less competitiveD. the developing economies have become more independent59. The Western economies used to like the idea of “creative destruction”because it________A. set a long-term rather than short-turn goalB. was an essential part of capitalist developmentC. contained a positive rather than negative mentalityD. was meant to be the destruction of developing economies60. The author uses “IMF”was an example to illustrate the point that_______A. European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocriticalB. there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practiceC. global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocatesD. European countries’interests are being ignored by economic leaders Section IV TranslationDirections: In this section there is a paragraph in English .Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2 . (20 points) The term ”business model”first came into widespread use with the invention of personal computer and the spreadsheet(空⽩表格程序).Before the spreadsheet, business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best, you did a little sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in a much more analytic approach to planning because every major line item could be pulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You could ask what- if questions about the critical assumptions on which. your business depended-for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive than we thought?-and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any changewould play out on every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of a business. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, most successful business models were created more by accident than by elaborate design. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much more tightly to the resulting economics, spread sheet made it possible to model business before they were launched.Section V WritingDirections: In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to the information below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2 . (20 points)以往许多⼈报考成⼈⾼校，是为了圆⽂凭梦。
08年考研英语真题答案
08年考研英语真题答案2008年的考研英语真题是许多考生备考过程中参考的重要资料，下面就将为大家提供2008年考研英语真题的详细答案解析。
阅读理解部分Passage 1文章主要讲述了技术进步对美国产品供给曲线的影响。
技术进步使得产品成本下降，促使供给曲线向右移动。
文章认为，技术进步不仅提高了生产效率，也有助于降低产品价格，提高消费者福利。
答案解析：1. C：根据第二段的第一句话，“Productivity growth, which stems from technological change that enables firms to produce more output from a given amount of inputs, underlies the sustaind growth in real income that supports rising living standards.”2. D：根据第四段的第一句话，“Rather, supply shifts to the right as the knowledge embodied in the invention filters through the economy and enables firms to lower costs and improve their products.”3. B：根据文章最后一段的最后一句话，“As a result, the benefits of technological change largely accrue to consumers.”Passage 2文章主要讲述了经济对于能源开发的需求和相关的环境问题。
文章指出，经济增长和全球人口增加导致能源需求增加，同时也引发了能源开发对环境的冲击。
文章强调需要政府、企业和公众共同努力，找到平衡点，实现经济增长与环境保护的可持续发展。
2008年河南英语英语中招试题及答案
2008年河南省初中毕业生学业暨高级中等学校招生考试试卷英语一、听力理解（20小题,每小题1分,共20分）第一节听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
每段对话读两遍。
( )1.What is the man doing?A.Sleeping.B.Watching TV.C.Listening to music. ( )2.How’s the weather in Zhengzhou?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.( )3.What would the man like for dinner?A.Fish and cola.B.Chicken and water.C.Beef and milk.( )4.What sport does the girl like?A.Football.B.Basketball.C.Table tennis.( )5.How did man get to Hangzhou?A.By train.B.By car.C.By plane.第二节听下面几段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。
( )6.When did the man go to Australia?st week.st month.st year.( )7.Where did he stay?A.In a hotel.B.At his friends’ house.C.At his uncle’s house. ( )8.What happened to him?A.He hurt his leg.B.He had a car accident.C.He missed his plane.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第10两个小题。
2008年河南专升本英语试题阅读理解+完形填空翻译及答案
2008年河南专升本英语试题阅读理解+完形填空翻译及答案08年1Procrastination(犹豫不决) is a disease of the mind. A scientific study in recent years has shown that it is a close relative（：相对的亲属亲戚⽐较的）of sadness（悲哀）and attention disorder; that procrastinators tend to（趋向于）be the result of low self-confidence（消沉的⾃信⼼）and are likely to experience anxiety（焦虑） The research has shown， what is more，that the illness has become quite common. Susan Robert， a behavioral psychologist who has written a book called Living With Procrastination， says that about a quarter of the adult population of the United States and Canada is reported to have serious problems with procrastination. “when we say ‘serious’ we mean people for whom procrastination causes great discomfort and suffering. We’ve found that such people are more troubled by daily life than others，that possibility of anxiety is much higher among them than in the rest of the population.”In a society driven by achievement， it is little wonder that not being able to work at full steam will bring people sadness. Surely，in the land of opportunity， this anxiety has produced an industry of experts offering solutions. Many books and specialist solutions have appeared. In exchange for ＄19.95， Dr. Jerome Murray will send out an audio-cassette（盒式录⾳磁带） called “Protect your future from the thief of procrastination.”Dr. Murray promises that if you follow his step-by-step rules you will be empowered to “turn self-defeat into self-realization”. “Since the start of the 1990s， procrastination has been taken more and more seriously，” said Dr. Roberts， who has been treating patients troubled by the condition for more than 20 years. “It is now recognized as a true mental health problem and is being seen more as a psychological problem and less as a moral issue.”犹豫不决是⼀种精神疾病。
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English Qualification Examination Paper For the 2008Postgraduates of Henan Province(Dec. 27, 2008)参考答案Part I ListeningSection A: 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. CSection B: 6. B 7. C 8. A9. D 10. D 11. A12. C 13. D 14. B 15 ASection C: 1. a great deal 2. affect 3. happier 4. effect5. character6. in one’s dreams7. wake up8. performances 9. aggressive 10. controlPart II. ReadingPassage 1. 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. B 20.DPassage 2. 21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. CPassage 3. 26. D 27. D 28. D 29. D 30.CPassage 4. 31. D 32. C 33.A 34. B 35.CPart III. TranslationSection A: Translation from English to Chinese让我们抵制重走老路的诱惑，避免重新回到令美国政治长期深受毒害的党派纷争和由此引发的遗憾和不成熟表现。
让我们牢记，正是伊利诺伊州的一名男子首次将共和党的大旗扛到了白宫。
共和党是建立在自强自立、个人自由以及全民团结的价值观上，这也是我们所有人都珍视的价值。
虽然民主党今大晚上赢得了巨大的胜利，但我们是以谦卑的态度和弥合阻碍我们进步的分歧的决心赢得这场胜利的。
因此，让我们发扬新的爱国精神，树立新的服务意识和责任感，让我们每个人下定决心全情投入、更加努力地工作，并彼此关爱。
在这个国家，我们患难与共。
Section B: Translation from Chinese to EnglishTeachers should provide students with a key to the treasure house of knowledge, not to turn their brains into mere receptacles. Teachers' work is to prompt students to think for themselves and to get hold of knowledge through their own practice or experiment. More importantly, teacher should encourage their students to thrash out problems, to come up with contradictory opinions and to draw conclusions of their own after discussions. In a word, education orientates a person from ignorance to intelligence, from stupidity to wisdom, from barbarity to civility.Script:Section A: Mini-talks1. M: Linda, do you need any help with your luggage? I don’t have to work tomorrow, and I candrive you there if you need.W: No, thanks. I’ll just bring one carry-on and my backpack. And you should go to the gym to have a workout.Q: Where is the woman probably going tomorrow?2. W: I can’t decide whether to buy a new car or try to find a second-hand one.M: If you buy a new one, you’ll probably save money in the long run.Q: What does the man suggest to the woman?3. W: I just bought this coat at a sale. I paid only $240 for it. How do you like it?M: It’s very nice, but my wife bought the same thing for just half the price.Q: How much did the man’s wife pay for her coat?4. W: Could we drop by the lab for a minute? I have some experiments running that I need to checkon before dinner.M: Sure. I have plenty of time. I’d be interested to see what you’re working on, a nyway.Q: What will they do?5. W: How do you find your new apartment?M: Well, it’s quite nice really, although I have a hard time getting used to living in a big place.Q: What is the man’s problem?Section B: PassagesPassage 1Good evening, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome. I’ m sure we have all heard the expression, “Think Green.”Tonight we are going to talk about ways that we can “Act Green”in our everyday life.The best place to start, of course, is in the home. Every day, people all over the world are hurting the environment without even knowing it. For example, busy families buy paper napkins and plastic food wrap at the supermarket. This helps them save time on housework, but after these things have been used, what happens to them? They go into the garbage heap. In many places, especially in North America, big cities are running out of places to throw their package. What can we do about it?How can we cut down on garbage? Well, we can start using cloth napkins and cloth towelsinstead of p aper towels. When we go grocery shopping, we can choose products that are not “over packaged.” For example, last week I bought a package of cookies. The cookies were in a bag. There was a plastic tray inside the bag, and then each cookie was in its own little package on the tray in the bag! That’s over-packaging! We should also take our own bags to the grocery store to carry things in.Questions 6 to 8 are based on the passage you have just heard.6. What is the passage mainly about?7. What’s the effect of paper napkins and plastic food wrap?8. What does the speaker suggest we should do?Passage TwoMovies are the most popular form of entertainment for millions of Americans. They go to the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting than their own. They may choose to see a particular film because they like the actors or because they’ve heard the film has a good story. But the main reason why people go to the movies is to escape. They become involved in the lives of the characters in the movie, and for two hours, they forget all about their own problems. They are in a dream world where things often appear to be more romantic and beautiful than in real life. The biggest “dream factories” are in Hollywood, the cap ital of the film industry. Each year, Hollywood studios make hundreds of movies that are shown all over the world.American movies are popular because they tell interesting stories and they are well-made. They provide the public with heroes who do things t he average person would like to do but often can’t. People have to cope with many problems and frustrations in real life, so they feel encouraged when they see the “good guys” win in the movies.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.What’s the main reason for Americans to go to the movies?10. How do people usually respond when they are watching movies?11. Why are American movies so popular?Passage 3Doctors have known for a long time that extremely loud noises can cause hearing damage or loss. The noise can be the sound of a jet airplane or machines in factories or loud music or other common sounds found at home and at work. A person only needs to hear the noise for little more than one second to be affected.An American scientist has found that using aspirin can increase the temporary hearing loss or damage from loud noise. He did an experiment using a number of male students at a university, who all had normal hearing. He gave them different amounts of aspirin for different periods of time. He had them listen to loud noise for a couple of seconds, then, he tested their hearing ability. He found that students who were given four grams of aspirin a day for two days suffered much greater temporary hearing loss than those who did not use aspirin. The hearing loss was about two times as great.The scientist said millions of persons in the United States use much larger amounts of aspirin than were used in the study. He said these persons face a serious danger of suffering hearing loss from loud noise.Questions 12-15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. What have doctors already known about extremely loud noise?13. What does the passage mainly tell us?14. What was one of the things the scientist did to all the students during the experiment?15. What can be inferred from the scientist’s experiment?Section C: Spot DictationIn the past 20 years, scientists have learnt(S1) a great deal about sleep and dreams. They have discovered, for example, that sleep and dreams (S2) affect the way people feel. A good night sleep, generally, makes a person (S3) happier in the morning. Dreams also have a strong (S4) effect on the moods of people. However, who appears in a dream is more important than what happens.Every person has a special dream (S5) character. If the special character appears in dreams, people are happier after sleeping. If there are many people (S6) in one’s dreams, this has a good effect.A person will (S7) wake up happier.The moods of people affect their (S8) performances throughout the day. The level of one’s moods rises and falls during the day. The less sleepy the people are, the better they perform, and usually they are more friendly, more (S9) aggressive, and more clear thinking.Some day scientists hope to manipulate sleep in order to (S10) control the way people feel and perform.。