(完整word版)英语延续性动词
英语短暂性动词和延续性动词
1.d ied—have/hasb een dead2.b ought—have/has had3.b orrowed—have/has kept4.b egan—have/has been on5.o pened-have/has been open6.c losed—have/has been closed7.l eft⋯--have/has been away from⋯8.c ame here—have/has been here9.m oved to⋯--have/has lived in..10.w ent to⋯--have/has been in⋯11.j oined⋯--have/has been in⋯./have/has beena member of⋯12.m arried sb/got married to sb—have/has been married to sb13.f inished–have/has been over14.m ade/became friends—have/has been friends15.b egan to teach—have/has taught16.l ose (lost—) haven'/h t asn't had17.b ecome (became—) have/has been * He went to London in 1990. He is still in London now.He has been in Londons ince 1990. * I borrowed the book two weeks ago.I have kept the book for two weeks/sincet wo weeks ago. It is two weekss ince I borrowed the book.He joined the League two yearsago. = It is two years since hejoined the League.= He has been in the League for two years/ since two years ago.同义句（用两种方法变）：1.The film began ten minutes ago. It is ⋯since⋯.It is ten minutes since the film began. The film has been onf or ten minutes/since ten minutes ago.2.It is three days sinceh e left. He left three days ago.He has been away from heref or three days/since three days ago. 3.He came here half an hour ago,and he is still heren ow.It is half an hour since he came here. He has been here for half an hour./since half an hour ago.4.Mary married Tom ten years ago. It is ten years since Mary married Tom.Mary has been married to Tom forten years/since ten years ago.5.I began to teach English fourteenyears ago.It is fourteen years since I began to teach English.I have taught English for fourteen years/since fourteen years ago.I have been an English teacher for14 years.Test in class1.He moved to Shenzhen two yearsago.It is two yearssince he moved to Shenzhen.He has lived in Shenzhen for two years/since two years ago.2.My father went to Shanghai lastweek.It is a week since my father went to Shanghai.My father has been in Shanghaisince last week.3.Mike joined the army threeyears ago.It is three years since Mike joined the army.Mike has been in the army for three years/since three years ago.4.It is ten minutes since thefilm began.The film began ten minutes ago. The film has been on for ten minutes/since ten minutes ago.5.He bought the computer fourweeks ago.It is four weekss ince he bought the computer.He has had the computer for four weeks/since four weeks ago.。
(完整word版)since的用法
(完整word版)since的用法since的用法:译作“自从…以来”(1）接时间点:如 I have stayed in that country since 1995。
要求：谓v。
用现在完成时,而且须是延续性动词。
（2）接一段时间 + ago:如 They have lived in that house since two years ago. 要求：谓v.用现在完成时，而且须是延续性动词。
（3)接时间状语从句：如 I have loved her since I met her last time。
/ Lily has stayed at home since she left school。
要求：主句的谓v.用现在完成时，而且须是延续性动词；从句的谓v.用一般过去时，而且须是终止性动词。
（4）用于句型“It’s / It has been + 一段时间 + since + 时间状语从句"中,译作“自从…以来，已经…(时间）了”。
如 It's / has been three months since he moved to this city. 要求：主句的谓v。
用一般现在时或现在完成时；从句的谓v。
用一般过去时,而且须是终止性动词.(5)用于句型“一段时间 + has passed since + 时间状语从句”中，译作“自从…以来, …（时间)已经过去了”。
如上个例句还可写成：Three months has passed since he moved to this city。
要求：主句的谓v。
用现在完成时，而且动词必须是has passed；从句的谓v.用一般过去时，而且须是终止性动词.(6)注：当since用于否定句时,主句的谓v。
可以是终止性动词。
如He hasn’t seen the film since last month。
（7)相关词组：“从那时起”：ever since、since then、from then on.注：ever since作为一个词组，放句尾可单独使用。
(完整版)since后接延续性与短暂性动词的用法
since后接延续性与短暂性动词的用法一、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是终止性的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。
如：He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。
We have been missing them since they left here自从他们离开这里，我们就一直很想念他们。
这是最常见的一种用法，此处不再多述。
二、若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态的动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从那持续动作或状态结束时算起”。
如：I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. Sleep 为持续性动词，sleep的动作结束时，即“醒来”时，这句应译为“我醒后还未听到任何声音”。
John is now with his parents in New York, it is already three years since he was a teacher约翰现在和父母一起住在纽约，他不当教师已经三年了。
所以，I have not heard from him since I lived in Shanghai. 不少人会望文生义，将该句译为：“自从我住在上海以来，就再也没有收到他的信了。
”而实际上这个句子的译文是：“自从我离开上海，就再也没有收到他的信。
”这种译法常被人们误用，我们不妨再多举几个例子看看：How long is it since you lived in Shanghai?你离开（没住在）上海多久了？It is half a month since he was a League member.他退团（不当团员）半个月了。
It’s been quite some time since I was last in London我离开伦敦已很长时间了。
现在完成时延续性动词与非延续(瞬间性)动词
• It began to rain at eight yesterday morning .(正)又如：
• -When did you get to know Jack?
• -Two years ago.
•Then you've known each other for more th an two years.
• 一、延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有:
• for+一段时间,如：for 2 years，for a long time; since从句, 如：since he came here;
• since+时间点名词, 如：since last year, since 5 days ago; how long等。
• 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时 间"状语连用。如： It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误 ) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间 "，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示 一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get 等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为
• 如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long，ect.且看下面三个错误句子：
• 1)Jim has come here for five years.
• 2)He has died for 3 years.
• 否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状 语连用。
eg. I bought the book 5 days ago. I have had the book for 5 days.
(完整版)延续性动词与非延续性动词总结(含练习)
延续性动词与非延续性动词动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：study, learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的短语有:1.for+一段时间, eg: for 2 years; for a long time等2.since从句,since he came here;3.since+时间点名词+ago, eg：since last year, since 5 days ago;4. how long;二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或点动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy, move, happen, marry, arrive/reach, post, fall, break, lose, give,常见的这类动词有：go, come, leave, arrive, lose, land, catch, join, kill, find 等。
例如：1. He has joined the club for a long time. ( 错)2. He has been a member of the club for a long time. ( 对)3. His grandfather has died for over 30 years. ( 错)4. His grandfather has been dead for over 30 years. ( 对)【注意】之所以将这些动词称为瞬间动词，是因为这些动词在眨眼之间发生并终结。
短暂性动词和延续性动词
初中英语中短暂性动词与延续性动词的用法英语中，按动词延续的时间长短，可将动词分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。
延续性动词如learn, study, work, play, wait等。
短暂性动词是非延续性动词，即动作一开始便结束的动词，又可称结束性动词，瞬间动词，如come, go, begin, start, become, join, end, die, buy, arrive, reach, borrow, lend, get to know等。
一．短暂性动词与延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法：现在完成时中用法（一）：表示发生在过去，迄今已经完成，并对现在产生影响或产生结果的动作，常用ever, yet, already, just等状语，谓语动词既可是延续性动词，也可是短暂性动词。
如：She has just borrowed the book from the library.(borrow是短暂性动词)I have learned a little about Japanese. (learn 是延续性动词)现在完成时中用法（二）：表示始于过去某时并一直延续到现在的动作或状态，常与表示始于过去某一时刻并一直延续到现在的时间状语连用。
如：They have lived in Nantong since 1990. (live 是延续性动词）、Mr. Black has worked here since he came to China.(work 是延续性动词)I have learned English for two and a half years.(learn 是延续性动词)所以，在现在完成时中用法（二）中，在表示持续一段时间的句子中，应将短暂性动词转化为相同意义的延续性动词或状态动词。
初中英语中常见的有：1. His grandfather has died for ten years.(F)His grandfather has been dead for ten years.(T)2. My brother has joined the army for five years.(F)My brother has been in the army for five years.(T)My brother has been an armyman for ten years.(F)|3. He has gone away for a week.(F) He has been away for a week.(T)4. The film has begun for fifteen minutes.(F)The film has been on for fifteen minutes.(T)但是，短暂性动词的现在完成时的否定形式可以表示一种延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段的状语连用。
（完整版）非延续性动词转换成延续性动词
（完整版）非延续性动词转换成延续性动词非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
borrow — keep buy — haveput on — wear catch a cold — have a cold get to know —know get to sleep — sleep2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin / start — be on go out — be outclose — be closed open — be openget to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be deadleave — be away finish — be overfall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become — be make friends — be friends come/go/ — be + 相应的介词短语非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
borrow — keep buy — haveput on — wear catch a cold — have a cold get to know —know get to sleep — sleep2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词”begin / start — be on go out — be outclose — be closed open — be openget to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be deadleave — be away finish — be overfall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become — be make friends — be friends come/go/ — be + 相应的介词短语非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。
延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的运用
表示动作对现在的影响或结果
总结词
非延续性动词的现在完成时可以用来描述某个动作对现在的影响或结果。
详细描述
通过使用非延续性动词的现在完成时，可以强调某个动作所导致的当前状态或结果。例如，“She has left her keys at home”（她把钥匙忘在家里了）。
表示动作发生的频率或习惯性行为
museum once."中，"visited"是一个非延续性动词，强调参观博物馆这个动作只发生 了一次。
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常见错误及注意事项
混淆延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法要点一总结词要点二
详细描述
在现在完成时中，动词的时态需要根据动作发生的时间和 持续时间进行判断，延续性动词和非延续性动词的使用有 不同的规则。
特点
动作或状态在一段时间内不断进行或持续，强调动作的持续性。
例句
I have lived in this city for 10 years. (我住在这个城市已经10年 了。)
非延续性动词
定义
非延续性动词表示的是一个动作的瞬间完成 ，不能持续，如“arrive”、“die”、 “finish”等。
使用延续性动词的现在完成时可以表示某个动作或状态从过去 某个时间点开始一直持续到现在，强调动作或状态的持续性。
详细描述
例如，“He has been working as a doctor for the past ten years.” （他过去十年一直在当医生。）这 句话表示“当医生”这个动作从十 年前开始一直持续到现在。
忽略时间状语对动词时态的影响
总结词
时间状语在句子中起到限定动作发生时间的 作用，对于判断动词时态非常重要。
英语延续性动词
一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。
如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。
如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave,move, borrow, buy等。
二、延续性动词的用法特征1.延续性动词可以用于现在进行时和现在完成进行时；延续性动词还可以用于现在完成时与表示"段时间"的状语连用。
表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the pastthree years, since last year, how long等。
如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。
如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。
如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。
上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：-When did you get to know Jack?-Two years ago.-Then you've known each other for more than two years.-That's right.三、终止性动词的用法特征1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。
现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词
现在完成时中延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词study learn sleep live sing dance swim drink teach keep非延续性动词：buy borrow lend die leave begin come / go非延续性动词不能和how long ; for ….since…连用要把它们变成其他相应的词.（买了…）have/has had…（借了…）have/has kept …（开始了…）have /has been on（离开了…）have /has been away (from)..（来到某地/ 去某地….）have /has been in …（死了…）have/has been dead1.我买这本书三年了。
(1).I bought the book three years ago.(2) I have had the book for 3 years.(3) I have had the book since 3 years ago.How long have you had the book ?2.他借这本书两个月了（1）He borrowed the book two months ago.(2）He has kept the book for 2 months .(3) He has kept the book since 2 months ago.How long has he kept the book?3.李梅离开济南一年了.(1) Li Mei left Jinan one year ago.(2) Li Mei has been away from Jinan for one year.(3) Li Mei has been away from Jinan since 1 year ago.How long has Li Mei been away from Jinan?4. 会议开始20分钟了。
(word完整版)常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表
常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表①have arrived at/in sp, got to/reached sp, come/gone/ moved to sp→have been in sp②have come/gone back， returned→have been back③have come/gone out→have been out④have become→have been⑤have closed/opened→have been closed/open⑥have got up→have been up⑦have died→_have been dead⑧have left sp→__have been away from sp⑨have fallen asleep/gone to sleep→have been asleep⑩have finished/ended/completed→_have been over⑪have married→have been married⑫have started/begun to do sth→have done sth⑬have begun→_have been on⑭have borrowed→_have kept⑮have bought→have had⑯have lost→haven’t had⑰have put on→have worn⑱have caught/got a cold→have had a cold⑲have got to know→have known⑳have gone to→have been inhave joined/taken part in the league/the Party/the army→have been a member of the league/the Party/the army, have been in the league/the Party/the army，have been the Party's member/the league member/the soldier。
中考英语语法：延续性动词与非延续性动词
中考英语语法：延续性动词与非延续性动词
根据动作是否延续，动词可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词：延续性动词就是指所表示的动作可以延续的动词，非延续性动词就是指所表示的动作不可以延续的动词。
如：It rained for three days. 下了三天雨。
(rain为延续性动词)He stayed away from the class for two days. 他两天没去上课。
(stay为延续性动词)I waited for you for half an hour. 我等了你半个钟头。
(wait为延续性动词)We watched the country out of the window. 从窗口我们眺望田野。
(watch 为延续性动词)She arrived yesterday evening. 她是晚上到的。
(arrive为非延续性动词)He left here three days ago. 他三天前就离开了。
(leave为非延续性动词) They came to a wide river. 他们来到一条宽阔的河边。
(come为非延续性动词) Mother bought us some new clothes. 妈妈给我们买了一些新衣服。
(buy为非延续性动词)I found a wallet on the sidewalk. 我在人行道上发现一个皮夹子。
(find为非延续性动词)。
初中英语语法-延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词和非延续性动词英语动词根据是否可以持续可分为两种,一种是延续性的(延续性动词),如如：learn，work，stand，lie，know，walk，keep， have，wait，watch，sing，read，sleep，live等；一种是终止性的（瞬间动词/点动词/非延续性动词）, 如：leave，start，set out，arrive，reach，get to，begin， stop，shut，turn off，marry，put，put on，get up，wake，fall，join，receive， finish，end，complete，become，come，go，die，close，open，break，give， jump，buy，borrow等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中。
例如 I've left Shanghai for three days.(×)I've been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ).I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ )It is /has been three days since I left Shanghai.( √ )1．终止性动词的用法1）终止性动词可用来表示某一动作的完成，因此可用于现在完成时。
如：The plane has arrived飞机到了。
I have finished my homework．我已完成了作业。
2）终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续，所以其现在完成时（只限于肯定式）不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：①他死了三年了。
英语中的短暂变延续
短暂性动词转化为延续性动词1.joi n→be成为一员：eg：My father has been a party member for over 10 years.be in+组织：eg：I’ve been in Green China for a year.eg：Mike joined the army two years ago.Mike has been a soldier for two years.Mike has been in the army since two years ago.2.die→be dead eg： Her grandmother died 8 years ago.Her grandmother has been dead for 8 years.3.leave→be away eg： My brother left school two months ago.My brother has been away f rom school for two months.4.put on→be on eg：The film has been on since half an hour ago.5.buy →have eg：I have had this bike for three months.6.borrow→ have/keep eg： Li Lei has kept this novel since two weeks ago.7.finish →be over eg： I have been over my homework for half an hour.e →be in/on/at eg： How long have you been at/in this school?How long has Kate been in China?9.go →be in/on/at eg： Kate has been in Hainan for two monthsKate has been in Hainan since two months ago.e back →be back eg： He has been back for three days.11.begin/start →be on eg： The meeting has been on since two hours ago.12.fall asleep →be asleep eg： I have been asleep for half an hour.13.catch a cold →have a cold eg：I have had a cold for two days.14.become →be eg： Jane has been a teacher since seven years ago.15.open →be open close →be closedeg：The shop has been closed for two hours.16.put on →wear/have on/be ineg：She has worn/had on/been in the red sweater for a day.17.get to, arrive at/in, reach →be ineg： I have been in Shanghai since last year.18.go to school →be a student eg： I have been a student for 8 years.19.（1）The play has been on for two hours.since two hours ago.（2）It’s +时间段+since从句。
英语延续性动词与非延续性动词
一、用相应的延续性动词替换的主要有：begin to study→study buy —have borrow —keep come→be here become→be c ome to work→work break —be broken reach/arrive in/ at/ come to→ be in / at close —be closed die—be dead catch ／get a cold→have a cold fall asleep —be asleep fall ill / sick—be ill\ sick finish ／end→be over go to sleep/get to sleep—sleepgo to school→be a student/ be in ／at school get to know— knowget up —be up join the Party ／League→be a Party ／League member join the army→be a soldier/be in the army leave —be away lose —belost marry —be married open —be open put on→be on wake—be awake二、终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave, come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段, since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how long引导的特殊疑问句中.eg. I've left Shanghai for three days.(×) I've been away from Shanghai for three days.( √ ).I left Shanghai three days ago. ( √ ) It is /has been threedays since I left Shanghai.( √ )三、常见终止性动词有:leave, go, come, arrive, begin, buy, borrow,die, join, become等.四、终止性动词要表示持续时, 可用以下方法:⑴.将时间状语改为时间段 + ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.eg.我弟弟参军两年了. My brother joined the army two years ago.⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句, 或用在 how long 句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词→My brother has been in the army for two years. →My brother hasbeen a soldier for two years五、延续性动词表示的动词是一种延续的动作，这种动词可以延续下去或产生持久的影响。
(完整word版)英语动词的分类和用法
词4
动词
lie/ stand/ stay
意思不同。请注
变 化 系 become / grow/ turn/ go/ get/ fall/ 意 结 合 句 意 去
5 动词
come/ run
理解判断。
终止系
6 动词
prove/ turn out
实
本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语 有 不 少 的 动 词 第
不及物动词 的实义动词。
A.表示“使、令、让、叫…”等意义的动词. 如: make,
使 have, let, get, keep…
第4页
役 B.表示“使人……，令人……”的心理状态的动词。 有更多
3
动 如：
相关内
词 interest; excite; astonish; move; amuse; 容.
surprise……(+ sb.)
动 C. 表示心理状态或情感 词 状态的动词
suppose; feel; think; find; forget; hate; hope; imagine; know; like;
love; mind; realize; regret; suppose;
understand; want; wish…… 2
同时是情态动 词
5 will
形式变化：would
同时是情态动 词
状态系
1
be
动词
表像系
2 动词
look / appear/ seem
特别说明： 这里列举的所
感官系
有系动词本身
系3 动词
feel / smell/ sound/ taste
都是实义动词。
动
持 续 系 keep/ rest/ remain/ continue/ last/ 但 它 们 表 示 的
(完整word版)延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换
延续性动词与瞬间动词的转换一、瞬间动词也叫短暂性动词或终止性动词。
这种动词是指它们动作的开始也就意味着动作的结束，所以不能直接跟表示一段的时间状语（比如for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语或用how long 来提问）连用。
那么，如何使瞬间动词与表示一段时间的状语连用呢？此时，我们可以将当短暂性动词与一段时间连用时，就要转化为延续性动词。
二、瞬间动词与延续性动词的区别：1、用于完成时的区别1）延续动词表示经验、经历；2）瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段的时间状语连用。
eg. 1.He has completed the work.他已完成了那项工作。
(表结果)2.I've known him since then.我从那时起就认识他了。
(表经历)2、用于till和until从句的差异1）延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做……，直到……”2）瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到……，才……”eg. 1.He didn't come back until ten o'clock. 他到10点才回来。
2.He slept until ten o'clock.他一直睡到10点。
三、瞬间动词到延续性动词的转换：这里对一些词做一些总结：瞬间动词可转换的延续性动词（组）arrive be herebegin/start be ondie be deadfall ill/sick/asleep be ill/sick/asleepget up be upgo out be outfinish be overput on wear或be onopen be open(adj.)join be in或bea member of…close be closedgo to school be a studentborrow keepbuy havecatch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study studycome to work workget up be upleave be away from如：1.He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。
中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换
(完整word版)中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换亲爱的读者：本文内容由我和我的同事精心收集整理后编辑发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行详细的校对，但难免会有错误的地方，如果有错误的地方请您评论区留言，我们予以纠正，如果本文档对您有帮助，请您下载收藏以便随时调用。
下面是本文详细内容。
最后最您生活愉快 ~O(∩_∩)O ~精细；挑选；中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。
一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束不能与时间段连用。
如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。
如果要与时间段连用，就把它转为延续性动词使用。
非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;例:He died 5 years ago.但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
延续性动词和非延续性动词
延续性动词和非延续性动词延续性动词是指表示能够延续的动作。
如：study, work, stand, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
☆延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。
表示时间段的短语有:for+ 时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。
非延续性动词这类动词也可称为终止性动词、短暂性动词、瞬间动词、点动词，表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束。
☆非延续性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。
因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。
如：(1)他已经死了三年了。
误：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for three years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died.(2)他来这儿五天了。
误：He has come here for five days.正：He has been here for five days.正：He came here five days ago.正：It is five days since he came here.正：Five days has passed since he came here.两者的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep,buy --- have, begin/start --- be on,die --- be dead, fall ill --- be illfinish --- be over open sth --- keep sth open,get up---be up, come here --- be here,go there --- be there, fall asleep --- be asleepbecome --- be, come back --- be back,get to know --- know, go (get) out →be out，put on→ wear catch a cold →have a coldmarry/get married---be married等例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.---- It is 4 years since the old man died.----Four years has passed since the old man died.练习题用过去时或现在完成时填空：1. ________ you _________ (have) lunch yetWhen _______ you _________ (have) itI _______ (have) it at half past eleven.2. _________ you __________ (write) a letter to your aunt yetYes, I ___________.I ________________ (write) one last week.3. “_________ he ___________ (finish) his homework” “Not yet.”4. _________ they ever __________ (be) abroad5. Your father _________ just ___________ (finish) his work.6. My father _________ (finish) his work just now.短暂性动词转换为延续性动词①arrive at/in →be in1) He arrived in Beijing five minutes ago.He ________ _________ _________ Beijing for _________ _________.2) I moved to the USA last year.I ________ ________ __________ the USA since __________ __________.3) I went home yesterday.I _______ ________ _________ home for _________ __________.4) They came here last week.They _________ _________ here since _________ __________.②come/go back, return →be back comego out →be out1) He came out two years ago.He _________ __________ _________ for __________ __________.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We ________ ________ _________ to Fuzhou since __________.③become →be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I ________ __________ a teacher for _________ _________.2) The river became dirty last year.The river _________ _________ dirty for _________ __________.④close →be closed open →be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop ________ _________ _________ for _________ _________.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door ________ ________ ________ for six hours.⑤get up →be up；die →be dead；leave→be away fromfall asleep/get to sleep →be asleep；finish/end →be over；marry →be married；1) I got up two hours ago.I ________ ________ ________ since ________ ________.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _______ ________ ________ _________ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _______ _______ ________for _______ ________.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting ________ ______ ______ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I ________ _________ _________ since _________ _________.6) They married in 1990.They ________ _________ __________since _________.⑥start/begin to do sth. →do sth. ；begin →be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I ____ ____ at this school since ____.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film ____ ____ ____ for ____ ____.⑦borrow →keep；buy →have ；put on →wearcatch/get a cold →have a cold；get to know →know1) They borrowed it last week.They _________ _________ it since __________ __________.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _________ _________ a pen for ________ __________.3) I got to know him last year.I _______ _______ him since __________ __________.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I __________ __________ my glasses for _________ _________.⑧have/has gone to →have been inHe has gone to Beijing.He ____ ____ _____ Beijing for two days.翻译句子：1. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。
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一、延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。
如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。
如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave,move, borrow, buy等。
二、延续性动词的用法特征1.延续性动词可以用于现在进行时和现在完成进行时；延续性动词还可以用于现在完成时与表示"段时间"的状语连用。
表示"段时间"的短语有：for two years, during the pastthree years, since last year, how long等。
如：I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。
2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。
如：It rained at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。
如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。
上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：-When did you get to know Jack?-Two years ago.-Then you've known each other for more than two years.-That's right.三、终止性动词的用法特征1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。
如：The train has arrived.火车到了。
Have you joined the computer group? 你加入电脑小组了吗？2.终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。
因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语连用(只限肯定式)。
如：(1)他死了三年了。
误：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for three years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died.(2)他来这儿五天了。
误：He has come here for five days.正：He has been here for five days.正：He came here five days ago.正：It is five days since he came here.正：Five days has passed since he came here.(1)、(2)句中的die、come为终止性动词，不能与表示"段时间"的状语连用。
那么，应如何正确表达呢？可以采用下面的四种方法：(1)将句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。
下面列举几例：①用相应的延续性动词：leave →be away, borrow →keep, buy →have, catch a cold →have a cold ，come/go →be , put on → wear ②换成be+名词：join →be in/be a member of, go to school →be a student , become a teacher → be a teacher ，open sth. →keep sth. open,③换成be+形容词或副词：die →be dead, begin/start →be on, leave→ be away, fall asleep → be asleep, get up →be up, fall ill →be ill, open → be open, close →be closed, wake up →be awake finish→ be over;④换成be+ 介词短语move to +地点→live in+地点,go to/come to +地点→be in /at+地点,join the army →be inthe army。
(2)将句中表示"段时间"的状语改为表示过去确定时间的状语，如下面两例中的第二种正确表达方式。
(3)用句型"It is+段时间+since..."表达原意，如上面两例中的第三种正确表达方式。
(4)用句型"时间+has passed + since..."表达原意，如上面两例中的第四种正确表达方式。
3.终止性动词可用于现在完成时否定式中，成为可以延续的状态，因而可与表示一段时间的状语连用。
如：He hasn't left here since 1986.I haven't heard from my father for two weeks.4.终止性动词的否定式与until/till连用，构成"not+终止性动词+until/till ..."的句型，意为"直到……才……"。
如：You can't leave here until I arrive.直到我到了，你才能离开这里。
I will not go to bed until I finish drawing the picture tonight.今天晚上直到我画完画，我才上床睡觉。
5.终止性动词可以用于when引导的时间状语从句中，但不可以用于while引导的时间状语从句中。
when表示的时间是"点时间"(从句谓语动词用终止性动词)，也可以是"段时间"(从句谓语动词用延续性动词)。
而while表示的是一个较长的时间或过程，从句谓语动词用延续性动词。
如：When we reached London, it was twelve o'clock. (reach为终止性动词) Please look after my daughter while/when we are away. (be away为延续性动词短语)6.终止性动词完成时不可与how long连用(只限于肯定式)。
如：误：How long have you come here?正：How long have you been here?正：When did you come here?补充经典例题他的狗死了两周了.(完成句子)His dog has _______ ________ for two weeks.思维分析:该句是现在完成时, for two weeks 是一段时间,因此谓语动词不能是died;而应该是延续性动词或静态性动词,故用be dead 代替died.答案: been deadHe has _______ his hometown for ten years.A. leftB. leavedC. been away fromD. be away思维分析: for ten years 为一段时间,故选用的动作必须是延续性的,A是非延续的；B过去分词形式也不对；D be away短语不全并且be 没有变成been.答案: C如果非延续性动词和一段时间状语连用,则需要将其换成和其相应的延续性动词或者相应的形容词.初中阶段涉及的主要有:come—be, go out—be out, get to/arrive in—be in, borrow—keep, buy—have, leave—be away, die—be dead, join—be a…/be in, begin—be on, finish—beover.如:他已经参军8年了.误:He had joined the army for 8 years.正:He has been a soldier for 8 years.He has been in the army for 8 years.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在.(包括现在)的一段时间状语连用。
2.构成:主语+ has / have + 过去分词+﹛①for + 一段时间；②since + 点时间；③since +从句，从句时态常用一般过去时态﹜如：I have lived here for 5 years.He has taught in this school since 1990.She has never called on me since she moved to the country.注意:当现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在时,其动词不能用短暂性的,必须用延续性的动词. 如：我买这部车已经2年了.I have had this car for 2 years. (用have 不用buy)试比较以下短暂性动词和延续性动词.buy—have, borrow—keep, die—be dead, open—be open, close—be closed, leave—beaway(from), join—be in / be a member of。