最新整理初中英语试题试卷中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换.doc

中考英语延续性动词与非延续性动词及其转换

动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的长短可分为延续性动词与非延续性动词。

一.延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与表示时间段的状语连用。

表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间,for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+时间点名词,since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; for a long time等。

例:He has lived here for 6 years. You can keep the book for 5 days. I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. How long did you stay there last year?

二.非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束

不能与时间段连用。如:open, die, close, begin, finish, e, go, move, borrow, lend, buy等。

如果要与时间段连用，就把它转为延续性动词使用。

非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用，如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock;

例:He died 5 years ago.

但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。例:I haven't left here for 3 years. I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks.

三.延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换：leave --- be away, borrow --- keep, buy --- have, begin/start --- be on, die --- be dead, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构, be a member of+组织机构, open---be open, close--- be closed fall ill --- be ill, get up---be up, catch a cold --- have a cold, e here --- be here, go there --- be there, be e --- be, e back --- be back, fall asleep --- be asleep, get to/ arrive/reach --- be (in), leave --- be away, go (get) out →be out，put on→wear get married ---- be married 等。

例:The old man died 4 years ago. ----The old man has been dead for 4 years.

He joined the Party 2 years ago. -----He has been in the Party for 2 years.

I bought the book 5 days ago. ---- I have had the book for 5 days.

补充练习：

1.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus ________ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

2. I ______ the League for 5 years so far.

A. joined

B. have joined

C. have been in

3.The factory ________ since the February of 1988.

A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened

4.Mary and Rose _______friends since they met in 2000.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have be e

5.You mustn't ________ until he es back.

A. be away

B. leave

C. be left

6.The meeting _______ for a week now.

A. has finished

B. has ended

C. has been over

7.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.

A. has been in

B. has e to

C. has taught

8.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .

A. has been

B. has be e

C. was

D. became

9. I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned

B. have been back

C. returned

10. How long _______ he ________ ?

A. died

B. has, died

C. has, been dead

11. He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon.

A. slept

B. was sleeping

C. has sleep

D. had slept

12.He ________ the car for a week.

A. bought

B. has bought

C. has had

13.-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks.

A. did fall

B. have, fell

C. have, been

14.Since 2000, he _____ his hometown.

A. has left

B. has moved away

C. has been away from

15.I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days.

A. borrow

B. keep

C. take

16.The bus ______ on the road for 2 hours so far.

A. has stopped

B. stopped

C. has been

18.He ________ foe 2 hours.

A. got up

B. has got up

C. has been up

19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _______ a cold for several days.

A. is

B. catches

C. has caught

D. has had

20.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks.

A. borrow

B. lend

C. get

D. keep