初中英语八种时态归纳复习 详解

Ⅰ. 初中英语八种时态归纳复习

英语时态是一种表示动作或状态发生的时间的动词形式，而汉语动词没有时态形式。

一、一般现在时：

1. 概念：表示经常性的习惯动作，现在的特征或状态，和普遍真理的时候，谓语动词用一般现在时。

2. 构成：一般现在时主要由动词原形构成，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，另外动词be 和 have 有特殊的人称变化形式。

6. 与一般现在时经常搭配的时间状语：

always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.例句：I go to school every day.

7. 否定形式：①动词be: am/is/are+not;②行为动词:在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，助动词后动词一概用原形。

例句：Jerry is not a student. Sally doesn’t like animals.

8. 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例句： Is Jerry a student? Does sally like animals?

9. 实用一般现在时句型：

二、一般过去时

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，现在已经不再继续；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.构成：一般过去时由动词的过去式表示，

1) 动词be有 was, were 两个过去式，was 用于第一、第三人称， were 用于第二人称和第一、二、三人称的复数形式。

动词表。

读音规则：

month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

4.否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加助动词didn't，助动词后加动词原形。

5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，助动词后用动词原形。

1. 概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2. 构成：动词be+v-ing, 动词be加现在分词构成。

有一些动词的现在分词变化比较特殊，参照不规则动词表，如 die—dying, lie—lying.

3. 经常与现在进行时搭配的时间状语：now, at this time, these days, etc.

4. 现在进行时的三种形式：

1）肯定形式：am/is/are +doing。如： He is doing his homework now.

2）否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing. 如： He is not doing his homework now.

3）一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。如：Is he doing his homework now?

5.实用句型：

1）What are you doing? 你正在做什么？

2) I am watching TV now. 我正在看电视。

3) My mother is cooking at this time. 我妈妈这个时候正在煮饭。

4) He is studying English these days. 他这些天一直在学英语

5) We are practising a new song now. 我们正在练习新的曲目。

6) The sun is shining. 太阳当空照。

7) It is raining. 现在正在下雨。

有时候一些动词的现在进行时有表达将来的意思。

8) The train is starting in five minutes. 火车五分钟后将开出。

9) I’m leaving for Beijing next week. 我下周去北京。

10) Where are you going? 你将要去哪里？

1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2. 构成：was/were+v-ing, 动词be 的过去式加现在分词。

3.常与过去进行时搭配的时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

4.过去进行时的三种形式

1）肯定形式：was/were+doing 如：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

2）否定形式：was/were + not + doing. 如： I was not doing my homework at this time yersterdy. 3）一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。如： Are you doing your homework at this time yersterdy? 5.实用句型：

1) I was tidying up my room last night. 昨晚我一直在整理房间。

2) When David’s father arrived home, David was playing computer games.当大卫的爸爸回到家时大卫正在玩电脑游戏。

3) Sally was practising music last night. 萨利昨晚一直练习音乐。

4) We were discussing this question when he came in.当我们正在讨论这个问题的时候，他进来了。

5) They were watching TV while there was a knock at the door.他们正在看电视，这时有人敲门。

6）What were you doing at six o’clock yesterday? 你昨天晚上六点在做什么？

7) I was working at my English at that time. 我那时候正在学英语。

8）Shirley was writing a book about China last year. 雪莉去年正在写一本关于中国的书。

9）He said he was working all day long on Sunday. 他说他周日的时候工作了一整天。

10）She told me she was studying English these days. 她跟我说她最近一直在学英语。