最新2021年上半年英语四级语法用法讲解(精选)

【篇一】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法讲解
一、用作及物动词
1. 意为"保存;保留;保持;保守"。

如：
could you keep these letters for me, please? 你能替我保存这些信吗?
i'll keep a seat for you.我给你留个座位。

it can help to keep vegetables, fruit and meat for a long time in hot summer. 在炎热的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉类长时间保鲜。

can you keep a secret? 你能保守秘密吗?
2. 意为"照顾;养活"等。

如：
she kept her sister for a week while her sister was ill.她妹妹有病时，她照看她了一个星期。

i have a family to keep.我得养活一家人。

3. 意为"留下;不必还"。

如：
you can keep the pen if you like it.你要是喜欢就把钢笔留下吧。

keep the change.不用找零钱了。

4. 意为"遵守;维护"。

如：
everyone must keep the rules. 人人必须遵守规章制度。

the teacher is keeping order in class.老师正在课堂上维持秩序。

5. 意为"售;卖"。

如：
the shop keeps everything you need.那家商店里出售的东西应有尽有。

he keeps everything you will drink.他出售你想喝的各种饮料。

6. 意为"记(日记、帐等)"。

如：
she keeps a diary every day.她坚持每天记日记。

he keeps exact accounts of the money he spends and a diary of the events of his holidays.他详细地记载他所花的钱数和假期中所发生的事情。

7. 意为"使……保持某种(状态、位置或动作等)"。

这时要在keep的宾语后接补足语，构成复合宾语。

其中宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词和过去分词等充当。

如：
we should keep our classroom clean and tidy.(形容词)我们应保持教室整洁干净。

you'd better keep the child away from the fire.(副词)你让孩子离火远一点。

the bad weather keeps us inside the house.(介词短语)坏天气使我们不能出门。

don't keep me waiting for long.(现在分词)别让我等太久。

the other students in the class keep their eyes closed.(过去分词)班上其他同学都闭着眼睛。

二、用作连系动词
构成系表结构：keep+表语，意为"保持，继续(处于某种状态)"。

其中表语可用形容词、副词、介词短语等充当。

如：
you must look after yourself and keep healthy.(形容词)你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。

keep off the grass.(副词)请勿践踏草地。

traffic in britain keeps to the left.(介词短语)英国的交通是靠左边行驶的。

注意：一般情况下，keep后接形容词较为多见。

再如：
she knew she must keep calm.她知道她必须保持镇静。

please keep silent in class.课堂上请保持安静。

三、与介词或副词搭配，构成动词短语
1.keep away意为"(使)离开;(使)不接近"，其后常接介词from。

如：
would you keep your dog away from my boy, please? 请把狗拉得离我孩子远点好吗?
keep everybody away from the accident.人人远离事故!
2.keep back意为"阻止;留在后面"。

如：
she sat down quietly, but she couldn't keep
back her tears.她静静地坐下来，却忍不住流下了眼泪。

3.keep together意为"在一起;动作协调"。

如：
keep together, please.请聚在一起。

the eight men kept together during the boat race as though they were one.赛船时，这8个人动作协调，好像一个人似的。

4.keep up意为"持续;使不低落"。

如：
the noise kept up all night.噪音整夜持续着。

to keep your strength up, eat well and get enough sleep.为了保持力气，要吃好、睡足。

5.keep up with意为"跟上;和……来往"。

如：
i'm trying my best to keep up with the others in class.我正在设法赶上班里的其他人。

do you still keep up with tom? 你和汤姆还有联系吗?
6.keep...in mind意为"把……记在心里"。

如：
the teacher asked us to keep these sentences in mind.老师要我们把这些句子记在心里。

四、含keep的常用句型
1.keep doing sth. 意为"继续干某事"，表示不间断地持续干某事，keep 后不能接不定式或表示静止状态的v-ing形式，而必须接延续性的动词。

如：
he kept working all day, because he wanted to finish the work on time.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。

keep passing the ball to each other, and you'll be ok.坚持互相传球，你们就行。

2.keep on doing sth. 意为"持续做某事"。

如：
the pupil kept on asking me the same question.这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。

i kept on thinking about the match in the afternoon.我总是想起下午的那场比赛。

3. keep...from doing sth.意为"阻止/防止……做某事"。

如：
the heavy snow kept us from going out.大雪使我们不能出去。

【篇二】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法讲解
few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有;
他这里没朋友，他感觉寂寞。

He has few friends here, he feels lonely.
a few表示有肯定意思，有几个。

例如：
There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。

little / a little用来修饰不可数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。

a little 表示肯定意思，有一点儿。

例如：
There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a
little ink?
我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗?
[考考你]
1. My father has many
books, but he has_____ English books.
A. little
B. a little
C. few
D.
a few Answer
2. The twins can speak only ___ French.
A. a few
B.
few C. little D. a little Answer
[辩析]
1. few 与 little
作形容词用，都表示“几乎没有”，相当于一个否定词。

具体区别：(1) few 后面跟复数可数名词。

e.g. few books few
students
(2) little 后面跟单数不可数名词。

e.g. little water little food
e.g. He
has few friends. 他没有几个朋友。

They has little money. 他们没有什麽钱
2. a few 与 a
little 都表示肯定的意思，指“有一点，有一些”。

具体区别：
(1) a few 后加可数名词复数
(2)a little
后加不可数名词单数。

e.g. I'm going to buy a few bananas.
I can speak only a
little Chinese.
3. a little 与 little 也可以用作副词，表示“有点”“稍稍”表示“很少”
e.g.
----Can you speak English?
----Yes, but only a little.
This book is a
little more difficult than that one.
( 可修饰形容词比较级)
She slept little last
night. 昨天晚上，她没有怎么睡觉。

【篇三】2021年上半年英语四级语法用法讲解
动词suggest有如下一些用法:
一、有"建议"的意思.advise, propose 也有此义,请比较它们用法的异同:
1) 都可接名词作宾语
She suggested / advised / proposed an early start. 她建议早一点出发.
We suggested / advised / proposed a visit to the museum the next day. 我们建议明天去参观博物馆.
2) 都可接动名词作宾语
I suggested / advised / proposed putting off the sports meet. 我建议将运动会延期.
They suggested / advised / proposed waiting until the proper time. 他们建议(我们)等到恰当的时机才行动.
3) 都可接that 宾语从句,that从句用should+动词原形,should可以省略.
She suggested / advised / proposed that the class meeting (should) not be held on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行.
We suggested / advised / proposed that he (should) go and make an apology to his teacher. 我们建议他去向老师道歉.
4) advise 可接动词不定式复合宾语,propose 可接不定式作宾语.
I advised him to give up the foolish idea.=I suggested / proposed his / him giving up the foolish idea. 我建议他放弃那愚蠢的念头.(suggest和propose在口语里可接动名词的复合宾语).
We proposed to start early.=We proposed starting early. 我们建议早一点出发.(接不定式不用suggest和advise)
二、有"提出"的意思.如:
He suggested a different plan to his boss. 他向老板提出了一个不同的计划.
Xiao Wang suggested a way to solve the problem. 小王提出了一个解决这个问题的办法.
三、有"暗示、表明"的意思.其主语往往是事物,而不是人.
1)接名词或动名词作宾语.
The simple house suggested a modest income. 这座简朴的房子表明(房主的)收入并不高.
Her pale face suggested bad health. 她脸色苍白,看来身体不好.
The thought of summer suggests swimming. 一想到夏天就使人们联想到游泳.
2)接宾语从句,从句用陈述语气.如:
The decision suggested that he might bring his family. 这个决定表明他可以把家属带来.
The expression on his face suggested that he was very angry. 他脸上的表情表明他很生气.
四、在主语从句It is suggested that... 及名词suggestion 后面表示具体建议的表语从句、同位语从句都应用should+动词原形,should可以省略.如:
It was suggested that we (should) give a performance at the party. 人们建议我们在晚会上表演节目.
His suggestion was that the debts (should) be paid off first. 他的建议是先把债务还清.
The doctors made a suggestion that the new hospital (should) not be set up on the hill. 医生们建议不要把新医院建在山上.。