大学英语英国文学复习课.docx

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大学英语英国文学lecture1EnglishPoetry.

( Dactylic Bi-metre ) （两步抑抑格）
galloping measure a hop and a
trot and a gallop ( Dactylic Hexametre or 6 - foot Dactyl ) （六步扬抑抑格）
4. Foot（音步）
1) 2) 3) 4) Iambus（抑扬格） Anapaest（抑抑扬格） Trochee（扬抑格） Dactyl（扬抑抑格）
( Poe )
b) Masculine Rhyme（阳韵）:
If all be true that I do think. There are five reasons we should drink :
c) Feminine Rhyme（阴韵）:
(1) What is fame? An empty bubble.
rhymes charactering a whole poem or its stanzas
Thou art more love ly and more tem perate. Rough winds do shake the dar ling buds of may, And sum mer’s lease hath all too short a date.
a
b a b
Iambic Pentametre ( 5 - foot Iambus)
2. Kinds of Poetry
In terms of metre:
1) Metrical Poems（格律诗）
Regular Rhyme; Regular Rhythm; Definite Number of Lines
2) Free Verse（自由诗） Irregular Rhyme and Rhythm; Irregular Number of Lines 3) Blank Verse（无韵诗） Without Rhyme ; With Rhythm

汇总英国文学期末考试必备讲义.doc

Chapter one1.The origin of the English people, their language and literature1)The settlement of the Anglo-Saxons on the island: the mid 5th century2)Seven kingdoms united into one called England: 7th century.The three tribes(Angles,Saxons and Jutes) mixed into a whole people called English.3)Their language: Anglo-Saxon, which is also called old English.4) English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England: a few relics are stillpreserved—poems and songs about the heroic deeds of old time.Beowulf: a folk legend brought to England from their continental homes (Denmark), reflecting the features of the tribal society of ancient times2.Norman Conquest and its impact on the English language1066: the end of Anglo-Saxon period and the establishment of feudalism in England.The general relation of Normans and Saxons was that of master and servant.Two languages were spoken: French and English. By the end of the 14th century English was again the dominant speech—different from the old Anglo-Saxon:Structure: EnglishCommon words: EnglishMore than 10 thousand French words were introduced – English synonyms.3.Literature of feudal England1). The romance: describing the life and adventure of noble heroes ---the English versions were translated from French or Latin.2). English ballads:a). In various English and Scottish dialectsb). Composed collectively\’]c). A variety of themesd). Mainly the literature of the peasants: the outlook of the English common people in thefeudal societye). The Robin Hood ballads4. Geoffrey Chaucer (1340? ----1400): read the introduction in your bookFather of English poetry, one of most greatest poets of England.Romance of rose（玫瑰奇缘）/the house of fame（声誉之宫）/the parliament of fowls(百鸟议会)The Canterbury tales5.Chaucer’s contribution to English literature1). His poetry traces out a path to the literature of English Renaissance, it reflects the changesof the second half of the 14th century2). As a forerunner of humanism, he praised man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life3). Wide learning: a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. Studied philosophical worksof his time; an abundant knowledge of the world. No man could have been better equipped,socially and intellectually to be the founder of English poetry4). His language -----Middle English ----vivid and exact----good master of English ----makingthe dialect of London the foundation of modern English speech----establishing English as the literary language of the country.6.popular balladsBallads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.Ballads are divided into several kinds:i.Historicalii.Legendaryiii.Fantasticaliv.Lyricalv.HumorousCharacter:Chapter TwoRenaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.1. Historical background of the English Renaissance1) The founding of the Tudor Dynasty which met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie.2) A kind of religious movement called Reformation was started: Protestantism — The LatinBible was translated into English: a great influence on the English language and lit erature. 3) English economy developed at a slow but steady pace. As a result of the Enclosure Movement,a large number of peasants became the forefathers of the modern English proletariat.4) Commercial expansion abroad and the establishment of colonies2. Chief characteristics of the Renaissance1)The interest in God and in the life after death was transformed into the exaltation of manand an absorption in earthly life.2) Materialistic philosophy and scientific thought replaced the church dogmas.3) A total new culture rose out of the revival of the old culture of ancient Greece and Rome; a new kind of art and literature emerged through the exploration of the infinite capabilities of man.Or:1) A thirsting curiosity for classical literature2) A keen interest in life and human activities3. English literature of the Elizabethan Period (second half of the 16th century)1) Many classical and Italian and French works were translated into English — Don Quixote2) Books on history and about new discoveries were written.3) The sonnet, an exact form of poetry, was introduced to England from Italy.4. Edmund Spenser (1552-1599)born in London of a merchant tailor's family;had a progressive scholar as his headmaster, who hold that "It is not a mind, not a b ody, that wehave to educate, but a man";entered Cambridge in 1569, graduated in 1573 with M.A. degree;started "The Faerie Queen" by 1580, dedicated it to the Queen in 1589;became private secretary of Lord Grey, the Queen's Lord Deputy in Ireland — stayed there for his remaining 19 years, carried out the tyrannical rule of the British government therewrote "The Shepherds' Calendar" in 1597;an Irish uprising broke out in 1599, his house was burnt down, he returned to London, died "for want of bread";his language: modern English — different from Chaucer's Middle English.8. Francis Bacon's life (1561-1626)born in London in 1561, father: Lord Keeper of the Seal; mother: well-educatedsent to Cambridge University at the age of 12;English ambassador in France after graduation;entered Gray's Inn to study law;member of parliament — more on the side of the bourgeoisie — offended Queen Elizabeth James I made him a Knight, gave one important office after another until he became Lord Chancellor;charged with bribery in 1621;The remaining years of his life were spent in literary, philosophical and scientific work.died of cold in 1626;9. Francis Bacon's works: three classes1) Philosophical works:"The Advancement of Learning" 1605, in English"Novum Organum" 1620, in Latin2) Literary works — 58 essays — the first English essayist dealing with a wide variety of subjects, such as love, truth, friendship, parents and children, studies, youth and age, garden, death and many others — won popularity for their clearness, brevity and force of expression3) Professional works: "Maxims of the Law and Reading on the Statute of Uses"Marx called him "the real father of English materialism and experimental sciences of modern times in general".12. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)family: born in Stratford-on-Avon in central England;father: a prosperous tradesman with 8 children;mother: daughter of a well-to-do farmer;education: the local grammar school 6 years, also learned Latin and a little Greekworked as a country schoolmaster at 14;married a farmer's daughter (8 years his senior);life as an actor and playwright;well acquainted with theatrical performances when still at Stratford;went to London in 1586-87, and worked at odd jobs in a theatre, became an acto r but was not successful;began to write for the stage — revising old plays and wrote new ones — a successful writer of both tragedies and comedies;His complete works include 37 plays, 2 narrative poems and 154 sonnetsdied on the 23rd of April, 1616.13. Shakespeare's career as a dramatist: 3 periods1s t period (1590-1600): 9 historical plays, 10 comedies, 1 tragedy — imbued with an optimisticatmosphere of humanism, describing the youth, love, and ideals of happiness of young peopleHenry Ⅵ, Richard Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Henry ⅣRomeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venice, A Mid-Summer Night's Dream, As You Like It 2nd period (1601-1608): reflecting the social contradictions of the age — a transition from greenyouth to maturity;Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Mecbeth3rd period (1609-1612): a general tone of conciliation and a falling off from his previous height, but optimistic faith in the future of humanityThe Tempest, The Winter's Tale, Henry ⅦShakespeare’s comedies reflected an optimistic spirit of the humanists at that time. They praised sincere friendship and true love, advocated equality between man and man, and repudiated the feudal moral and feudal system.His tragedies have shown us insurmountable contradictions between human ideal and social reality, and raised a series of questions about the state, moral, wealth, family and philosophy.十四行诗(the sonnet)是一种形式完整、格律严谨、以歌咏爱情为主的小诗，十三、四世纪盛行于意大利，其最主要的代表者为Petrarch（比德拉克）（1304-1374），十六世纪中叶由Thomas Wyatt传入英国，至莎士比亚一代而臻完美。

(完整word版)英国文学史学生复习资料

I.Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (30 points inall, 1.5 point for each)1. ( ) Edmund Spenser A. Women In Love2. ( ) Oliver Goldsmith B. Sense and Sensibility;3. ( ) Laurence Sterne C. Queen Mab4. ( ) Daniel Defoe D. Young Goodman Brown5. ( ) Henry Fielding E. The Portrait of A Lady6. ( ) George Gordon Byron F. The Sound and the Fury7. ( ) Percy Bysshe Shelley G. The Great Gatsby8. ( ) Jane Austen H. For Whom the Bell Tolls9. ( ) Sir Walter Scott I. Childe Harold's Pilgrimage10. ( ) Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell J. The Faerie Queene11. ( ) George Eliot K. Ivanhoe12. ( ) John Galsworthy L. Mary Barton13. ( ) William Shakespeare M. The Forsyte Saga14. ( ) Nathaniel Hawthorne N. Robinson Crusoe15. ( ) Henry James O. Tom Jones16. ( ) Theodore Dreiser P. The Vicar of Wakefield17. ( ) Scott Fitzgerald Q. A Sentimental Journey18. ( ) Ernest Hemingway R. American Tragedy19. ( ) William Faulkner S. Middlemarch20. ( ) David Herbert Lawrence T. Othello1-10 JPQNO ICBKL 11-20 SMTDE RGHFAplete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. (20 points in all, 2 points for each)1.The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the ______, who migrated to the British Islesabout 600 B.C. .2.The Anglo-Saxons were heathen people before they accepted ______.3.After the Norman conquest, Latin and ______ were the languages of the upper class,spoken at courts and used in churches and schools.4.______ in the 14th century claimed the lives of one third of the whole population in Europe.5.The House of Lancaster and the House of York fought the Thirty Years’ War from 1455 to1485, the House of York using ______ as its emblem.6.The Elizabethan spectators paid a penny to stand throughout the performance in the pitwere called ______.7.Sonnets was first written by the Italian poet ______ who wrote them to a lady named Laura.8.As a philosopher Bacon is praised by Marx as “______” because he stressed the importanceof experience, or experiment.9.Pope translated the entire “______”and half of the “Odyssey”, the other half beingtranslated by two Cambridge scholars.10.The Rape of the Lock is a brilliant satire written in the form of a ______ poem.1. the Celts2. Christianity3. French4. Black Death5. a white rose6. groundlings7. Petrarch8. the progenitor of English materialism9. Iliad10. mock-heroicIII.Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (20 points in all, 2 points for each)1.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events，whichone of the following is NOT such an event?A. The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture .B. England’s domestic rest.C. New discovery in geography and astrology.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.2._________ is the successful religious allegory in the English language.A. The Pilgrim’s ProgressB. Grace Abounding to the Chief of SinnersC. The Life and Death of Mr. BadmanD. The Holy War3.Generally，the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries，its essence is _________A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism4.Among the representatives of the Enlightenment，who was the first to introduce rationalismto England?A. John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC. Alexander PopeD. Jonathan Swift5.It is _________ alone who，for the first time in English literature，presented to us acomprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from ail walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Martin LutherC. William LanglandD. John Gower6.In A Tale of Two Cities, the "two cities" refer to London and _________.A. DublinB. ParisC. New YorkD. Vienna7.The Lyrical Ballads written by Wordsworth and Coleridge was published in ________.A. 1789B. 1798C. 1829D. 19038._______ is the representative of Aestheticism and Decadence in English literature.A. R. L. StevensonB. Oscar WildeC. Samuel ButlerD. Charles Dickens9.Which of the following novels does not belong to the "stream of consciousness" school ofnovel writing?A. UlyssesB. Mrs. DallowayC. The RainbowD. To the Lighthouse10.The unquenchable spirit of Robinson Crusoe struggling to maintain a substantial existenceon a lonely island reflects _________A. man’s desire to return to natureB. the author’s criticism of the colonizationC. the ideal of the rising bourgeoisieD. the aristocrat s’disillusionment of the harsh social reality1-5 BADCA 6-10 DABCCIV.Explain the following literary terms. (12 points in all, 4 points for each)1.Renaissance2.The War of Roses3.Morality PlayV.Chose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (15 points in all,1.5 points for each)A. Find out the author and his work.1.( ) Thomas More a. Gorge Green2.( ) Edmund Spencer b. Eupheus3.( ) John Lyly c. The Fairy Queene4.( ) Christopher Marlowe d. Utopia5.( ) Robert Greene e. The Jew of MaltaB. Find out the work from column on the left and its content from column on theright.6.( ) Il Penseroso a. attack on the censorship7.( ) Lycidas b. defense of the Revolution8.( ) Defense for the English People c. about dear friend9.( ) Areopagitica d. Satan against God10.( ) Paradise Lost e. meditationA. Find out the author and his work.1-5 d c b e aB. Find out the work from column on the left and its content from column on theright.6-10 e c b a dVI.Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write T or F in the brackets. (15 points in all, 1.5 points for each)1.( ) The author of The Song of Beowulf is Cynwulf.2.( ) The setting of The Song of Beowulf is in Scotland.3.( ) Alfred the Great compiles The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles.4.( ) Venerable Bede wrote The Ecclesiastic History of the English people.5.( ) The author of Paraphrase is Caedmon.6.( ) Chaucer’s poetry traces out a path to the literature of English renaissance.7.( ) Being specially fond of the great writer Boccaccio, Chaucer composes a longnarrative poem Filostrato based upon Boccaccio’s poem Troilus and Cressie.8.( ) The 32 pilgrims, according to Chaucer’s plan, was to exceed that ofBo ccaccio’s Decameron.9.( ) The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of Romantic portrayal, the first of itskind in the history of English literature.10.( ) The Canterbury Tales is a vivid and brilliant reflection of 15th century ofEngland.1-10 F F T T T T F T F Fplete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. (20 points in all, 2 points for each)11.The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the ______, who migrated to the BritishIsles about 600 B.C. .12.Geoffrey Chaucer, the “______”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England,was born in London in about the year 1340.13.The ______ provides a framework for the tales in The Canterbury Tales, and itcomprises a group of vivid pictures of various medieval figures.14.In contradiction to the _______ verse of Anglo-Saxon poetry, Chaucer chose themetrical form which laid the foundation of the English tonico-syllabic verse.15.The House of Lancaster and the House of York fought the Thirty Years’War from1455 to 1485, the House of York using ______ as its emblem.16.The 16th century in England was a period of the breaking up of ______ relations andthe establishing of the foundations of capitalism.17.Sonnets was first written by the Italian poet ______ who wrote them to a lady namedLaura.18.As a philosopher Bacon is praised by Marx as “______”because he stressed theimportance of experience, or experiment.19.______ is often referred to as “the poets’ poet”.20.The Rape of the Lock is a brilliant satire written in the form of a ______ poem.21.Celts 2. Father of English Poetry 3. Prologue 4. Alliterative 5. a white rose 6.feudal7.Petrarch8.the progenitor of English materialism9.Edmund Spencer10. mock-heroicVIII.Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (20 points in all, 2 points for each)1.About Edmund Spencer which of the following statements is not true?A. He was educated in Cambridge.B. His father was the Keeper of the Privy Seal to Queen Elizabeth.C. He interacted with Philip Sidney.D. He wrote “Epithalamion” to his love affair with Elizabeth Boyle2.About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statements is true?A. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importance of the presentlife.C. They couldn't see the human values in their works.D. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling class without anyfreedom and independence.3.In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty, wit and loyaltyD. both a and b4.One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is _____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres5.Which of the following is not John Milton's works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello6.Tempest is a typical example of Shakespeare______ view of life towards human lifeand society in his late years.A. pessimisticB. optimisticC. satiricalD. none of the above7.______ introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England, while ______ brought in blankverse, ie. The unrhymed iambic pentameter line.A. Wyatt…SurreyB. Wyatt…SidneyC. Surrey…SidneyD. Sidney…Spencer8.Christopher Marlowe’s greatest achievement lies in that he perfected the ______ andmade it the principal medium of English drama.A. blank verseB. free verseC. sonnetD. alliteration9.Christian is the character in ______.A. The Life and Death of Mr. BadmanB. The Pilgrim’s ProgressC. Grace Abounding to the Chief of SinnersD. None of the above10.The significance of The Canterbury Tales excludes:A. A comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time.B. The dramatic structure of the poem.C. Chaucer’s humour.D. “Round” characters.11.The ceremony of May Day comes from the tradition of _______.A. The CeltsB. The SaxonsC. The NormansD. The Angles1-5 BBBAD 6-10 AABDAII. Definitions of literary terms (1’×10=10’):1. A group of dramatists active in the 1950s, who believed that human life was meaningless andabsurd and that the world was irrational _____________.[A] the angry young men [B] the beat generation[C] the theatre of the absurd [D] dramatist of black humour2.A long narrative poem about the deeds of some national hero(es) ____________.[A] a lyric [B] an epic[C] a sonnet [D] a satirical poem3. A poem describing the life and love of shepherds and shepherdesses__________.[A] an eclogue [B] a pastoral poem[C] a lyric poem [D] a narrative poem4. The unconscious tendency of a son to be attached to his mother and hostile toward his father_______[A] psychoanalysis [B] Oedipus complex[C] inferiority complex [D] interpretation of dreams5. Works in prose or poetry meant to ridicule and correct the follies and vices of the society and of the individuals ___________.[A] sentimentalism [B] Neo-classicism[C] allegory [D] satire6. Traditionally a song that tells a story which became a form of poetry later __________[A] a folk song [B] a sonnet[C] a ballad [D] romance7. A long piece of poetry or prose describing the adventures and love of a medieval knight _________.[A] romance [B] epic[C] ballad [D] narrative poem or prose8.Two lines of poetry in iambic pentameter rhymed aa ____________.[A] sonnet [B] ballad[C] ode [D] heroic couplet9. Unrhymed poetry in iambic pentameter ____________.[A] free verse [B] blank verse[C] sonnet [D] heroic couplet10. A story in verse or prose with a double meaning, a surface meaning and an under-the-surface meaning ________[A] allegory [B] romance[C] satire [D] ballad1 C2 B 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.A1. The technique to describe various thoughts and feelings that pass through the mind _____________.[A] the angry young men [B] stream of consciousness[C] the theatre of the absurd [D] black humour2. Poetry or prose describing the adventures and love of a medieval knight ____________.[A] a romance [B] an epic[C] a sonnet [D] a satirical poem3. A poem describing the life and love of shepherds and shepherdesses__________.[A] a pastoral [B] an eclogue[C] a lyric poem [D] a narrative poem4. The unconscious tendency of a son to be attached to his mother and hostile toward his father_______[A] psychoanalysis [B] Oedipus complex[C] inferiority complex [D] interpretation of dreams5. Works in prose or poetry meant to ridicule and correct the follies and vices of the society and of the individuals ___________.[A] sentimentalism [B] Neo-classicism[C] allegory [D] satire6. Traditionally a song that tells a story which became a form of poetry later __________[A] a ballad [B] a sonnet[C] a folk song [D] romance7. A long piece of poetry or prose describing the adventures and love of a medieval knight _________.[A] romance [B] epic[C] ballad [D] narrative poem or prose8.Two lines of poetry in iambic pentameter rhymed aa ____________.[A] sonnet [B] ballad[C] ode [D] heroic couplet9. Unrhymed poetry in iambic pentameter ____________.[A] free verse [B] blank verse[C] sonnet [D] heroic couplet10. A story in verse or prose with a double meaning, a surface meaning and an under-the-surface meaning ________[A] ballad [B] romance[C] satire [D] allegory1 B2 .A 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.A 8.D 9.B 10.DIII. Matching authors with corresponding works(1’×20=20’)1.Thomas More a. Sons and Lovers2.Geoffrey Chaucer b. Mrs. Dalloway3. Edmund Spenser c. Tess of the D’Urbervilles4. Christopher Marlowe d. Pride and Prejudice5.George Bernard Shaw e. The Pickwick Papers6.Ben Jonson f. Ivanhoe7. John Milton g.Vanity Fair8. Jonathan Swift h.Don Juan9. James Joyce i.Ode to the West Wind10. Richard B. Sheridan j. V olpone11.William Wordsworth k.Samson Agonistes12.George Gordon Byron l.Finnegans Wake13.Percy Bysshe Shelley m.The School for Scandal14.Walter Scott n. Lyrical Ballads15.Charles Dickens o.Widowers’ Houses16. W. M. Thackeray p.The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus17.Jane Austen q.Faerie Queene18.Thomas Hardy r.The Canterbury Tales19.D. H. Lawrence s. Utopia20. Virginia Woolf t.Gulliver’s Travels1.s2.r3.q4.p5.o6.j7.k8.t9.l 10.m11.n 12.h 13.i 14.f 15.e 16.g 17.d 18.c 19.a 20.b1.William Shakepeare2.Samuel Johnson3. John Keats4. Christopher Marlowe5.George Bernard Shaw6.Ben Jonson7. John Milton 8.Daniel Defoe9. James Joyce 10. Richard B. Sheridan11.Geofrey Chaucer 12.George Gordon Byron13.Percy Bysshe Shelley 14.Walter Scott15.George Bernard Shaw 16. William Makepeace Thackeray17.Jane Austen 18.Thomas Hardy19.D. H. Lawrence 20. Virginia Woolfa. Tamburlaine the Greatb.A Dictionary of the English Languagec. King Leard. Major Barbarae. Pride and Prejudicef. Ivanhoeg.Vanity Fair h.Don Juani.Promethus Unbound j. V olponek.Samson Agonistes l.Finnegans Wakem.The School for Scandal n. Robinson Crusoeo..Widowers’ Houses p.Sons and Loversq.To the Lighthouse r.Tess of the D’Urbervilless.Ode to the Nightingale t.The Canterbury Tales1.c2.b3.s4.a5.o6.j7.k8.n9.l 10.m 11.t 12.h 13.i 14.f 15.d 16.g 17.e 18.r 19.p 20.qIV Each of the following statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement. (2’×10=20’)12.About Edmund Spencer which of the following statements is not true?A. He was educated in Cambridge.B. His father was the Keeper of the Privy Seal to Queen Elizabeth.C. He interacted with Philip Sidney.D. He wrote “Epithalamion” to his love affair with Elizabeth Boyle13.About the Renaissance humanists which of the following statements is true?A. They thought money and social status was the measure of all things.B. They emphasized the dignity of human beings and the importance of the presentlife.C. They couldn't see the human values in their works.D. They thought people were largely subordinated to the ruling class without anyfreedom and independence.14.In his tragedy Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare eulogizes _____.A. the faithfulness of loveB. the spirit of pursuing happinessC. the heroine's great beauty, wit and loyaltyD. both a and b15.One of the distinct features of the Elizabethan time is _____.A. the flourishing of the dramaB. the popularity of the realistic novelC. the domination of the classical poetryD. the close-down of all the theatres16.Which of the following is not John Milton's works?A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Othello1-5 BBBAD6．In A Tale of Two Cities, the "two cities" refer to London and _________.A. DublinB. ParisC. New YorkD. Vienna7．The Lyrical Ballads written by Wordsworth and Coleridge was published in ________.A. 1789B. 1798C. 1829D. 19038．_______ is the representative of Aestheticism and Decadence in English literature.A. R. L. StevensonB. Oscar WildeC. Samuel ButlerD. Charles Dickens9．Which of the following novels does not belong to the "stream of consciousness" school of novel writing?A. UlyssesB. Mrs. DallowayC. The RainbowD. To the Lighthouse10．The unquenchable spirit of Robinson Crusoe struggling to maintain a substantial existence on a lonely island reflects _________A. man’s desire to return to natureB. the author’s criticism of the colonizationC. the ideal of the rising bourgeoisieD. the aristocrats’disillusionment of the harsh social reality6-10 DABCCV. Essay Questions (30%; choose only ONE of the following five topics and write a short essay of at least 200 words.)1. How much do you know about the English literature in the Victorian period?pare any two periods in the history of English literature with reference to ideological tendencies and literary trends (Find out their similarities and differences by using major writers as examples).3.Describe how your knowledge of English literature is improved after taking this course.4.Analyze why in English literature Shakespeare is considered to be the greatest playwright or why Dickens is regarded as the greatest novelist.5. Why is Thomas Hardy often regarded as a transitional writer?6．How much do you know about Romanticism?7. How much do you know about the Enlightenment Movement and Neoclassicism?8. Analyze the characteristics of the Renaissance period and the Victorian age.9. Discuss why Dickens is regarded as the greatest novelist in English Literature10.Through Hamlet in Hamlet, please analyze the theme of this novel.11. What is Utopia about?12.What is the social significance of The Canterbury TalExplain the following literary terms. (18 points in all, 6 points for each)4.The Rising of 13815.John Locke6.Humanism。

英国文学复习资料上课讲义

英国文学复习资料上课讲义英国文学复习资料1Chapter One （一般掌握）Chapter Two English Literature of the Late Medieval AgesI．可出选择题有：( ) 1. Apart from original poems, Chaucer translated various works of French authors, among them is the famous __________________A. The Canterbury TalesB. The Romance of the RoseC. The Parliament of FowlsD. The House of Fame( ) 2. Generally speaking, Chaucer’s works fall into three main groups corresponding roughly to the three periods of his adult life, which period is wrong?A. The period of French influenceB. The period of Italian influenceC. The period of his maturityD. The period of American influence( ) 3. Which of the following information about Chaucer is wrong?A. He died on the 25th of October 1400, he was the first to be buried in the write r’s corner of Westminster AbbyB. He was considered as “father of English Poetry”C. He was one of the narrative poets of EnglandD. His masterpiece is The Canterbury Tales( ) 4. Of the following, the one which employs the form of romance is____.A. AmorettiB. Venus and AdonisC. The TempestD. Sir Gawain and Green Knight( ) 5. The characters in the Canterbury Tales can be divided into the following groups except_____.A. rural dwellersB. church membersC. tradesmanD. nobles( ) 6. Piers the Plowman is similar in form to the work written byA. ChaucerB. ShakespeareC. MarloweD. BunyanChapter Three English Literature in the RenaissanceI．可出选择题有：( ) 1. English Renaissance Period was an age of ______________A. prose and novelB. poetry and dramaC. essays and journalsD. ballads and songs( ) 2. “Romeo, Romeo, Wherefore art thou Romeo?” is one of the most famous lines from Romeo and Juliet. Which of the following comments on the line is NOT true?A. Juliet speaks the line in the balcony scene.B. She is unaware of Romeo’s presence.C. She asks him to deny his family for her love.D. A major theme in Romeo and Juliet is the tension between social and family identity and one’s inner identity (representedby one’s name). ( ) 3. The Elizabethan literature____________A. had a marked unity and the feeling of patriotism and devotion to thequeen.B. witnessed a decline of degenerationC. expressed age and sadness, even the brightest hours were followed bygloom and pessimism.D. was not romantic.( ) 4. One of the following plays takes its subject matter from Chinese historyA. Henry IVB. MacbethC. TamburlaineD. Alchemist( ) 5. Dr Faustus sells his soul to the devil because he_________.A. is faced by MephistophelesB. wants to gain more moneyC. wants to live an extravagant lifeD. wants to know more about the world( ) 6. Shakespeare is a poet , playwright and ______.A. criticB. novelistC. an actorD. both b and c( ) 7. Of the following, the one which employs the form of romance is____.A. AmorettiB. Venus and AdonisC. The TempestD. Sir Gawain and Green Knight( ) 8. The difference of Surrey’s contribution to English poetry from that of Wyatt lies in that Surrey________.A. wrote the first English sonnetB. introduce the couplet into EnglandC. wrote the first English blank verseD. made the sonnet popular( ) 9. The one who first made blank verse the principal instrument of English drama isA. SurreyB. MarloweC. ShakespeareD. Jonson( ) 10. The recurrent theme of Marlowe’ s play is the p raise of ____.A. capitalismB. feudalismC. individualismD. nationalismII．可出填空题有：1. Rough winds do shake the _______________of May,And _____________has all too short a date.2. Sometimes too hot the ______________shines, and often is his __________dimmed.3. Shakespeare produced __________plays and ____________sonnet.4. ___________is praised by Marx as “the progenitor of English Materialism”.III．可出简答题有：Analyze Shakespeare’s four periods of career concisely.Chapter Four English Literature of the Seventeenth Century I．可出选择题有：( ) 1. __________was a progressive intellectual movement which began in France and had a wide impact throughout Europe in 18th century.A. The RenaissanceB. The EnlightenmentC. The Religious ReformationD. The Chartist Movement( ) 2.Which of the following comment on the image of Satan in Paradise Lost is NOT correct?A. The finest thing in Paradise Lost is the description of Hell and Satanwas the real hero.B. He is firmer than the rest of the fallen angelsC. He remains obeyed and admired by all the angelsD. It is he who makes man revolt against God.( ) 3. Which of the following information about John Donne is NOT true?A. He was born in a Roman Catholic family.B. He received his education at Oxford and Cambridge.C. Later he gave up his Catholic faith and took orders in the AnglicanChurch.D. He wrote only religious poems.( ) 4. Dryden’s contribution to English literature lies in the following except_____.A. he established the heroic couplet as one of the principal English verse formB. he clarified the English proseC. he raised the English literature criticism to a new levelD. he raised English comedy to a higher level( ) 5. Apology for Poetry is ______.A. a poemB. a romanceC. a criticismD. a sonnetII．可出判断题有：( ) 1. John Donne is famous for his metaphysical conceit, that is, a comparison between the two strikingly resemblant objects.( ) 2. Newspaper was born in 17th century.( ) 3. One of the characteristics of the English bourgeois revolution was that it was carried out under the cloak of religion.III．可出填空题有：1．________________is the glorious pioneer to introduce blank verse into non-dramatic poetry.IV．可出术语有：metaphysical poetsChapter Five English Literature in the Eighteenth CenturyI．可出选择题有：( ) 1. In the 18th century, satire was much used in writing, English literature of this age produced some excellent satirists, such as ____________A. SwiftB. DefoeC. BlakeD. Burns( ) 2. In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of Pre-romanticism were_____________A. Blake and WordsworthB. Burns and ColeridgeC. Blake and BurnsD. Wordsworth and Coleridge( ) 3. Which of the following information about William Blake is NOT true?A. He was born in London, the son of Irish hosier.B. He was a poet as well as an engraver.C. His first book of poem was Songs of Innocence.D. His later poems are mysterious and hard to understand.( ) 4. The main literary stream of the 18th century was___________.A. RomanticismB. RealismC. Pre-romanticismD. Critical realism( ) 5. __________was considered as “father of English Novel”.A. SwiftB. FieldingC. ChaucerD. Jane Austin( ) 6. In 1704, ___________founded the periodicals “the Review”.A. SwiftB. BlakeC. MiltonD. DefoeII．可出判断题有：( ) 1. Pope established the heroic couplet as one of the principal English verse forms.( ) 2. Burn’s poems are largely based on imitation andrevision of folk ballads of his motherland.( ) 3. Neo-classicism means restraint, thus it is unfit for the requirement of French Revolution, which aroused the age of Romantic Revival to unfetter spirit of humankind.( ) 4. Swift is known as a pioneer novelist of English and also a prolific writer of books and pamphlets on variety of subjects.( ) 5. The Houyhnhnms represent an ideal rational existence, a life governed by sense.III．可出填空题有：1. ________________is the glorious pioneer to introduce blank verse into non-dramatic poetry.2. People in 18th century believed in ___________and their watchword was。

【精品】第三版英国文学复习资料.doc

1. What does "to be" mean? Quote and then explain. L1 p82. What does "not to be" mean? Quote and then explain. L1 p83. 11 ,Tis a consumation devoutly to be wish'cT--what is this idealstate, according to Hamlet?L2-3 p94. What is death compared to? What make one hesitate to end thetroubles of life by death?5"There's the respect that makes calamity of so long llong life"-— how do you understand the line?L7-8 p9fe"6. What "puzzled the will" of death? L19 p97. What influence do thoughts have upon resolution and action?(open question)8. What is the internal conflict that Hamlet is going through?(personal understanding)9. When, where and how should he punish the murderer and bringjustice back to the world? Give your personal ideas, (open question) —-how do you understand the line?L7-8 p91 Which is nobler, to suffer the injuries of bad fortune, or to take armsagainst the sea of troubles?27b die is to sleep. In the sleep, we can get free from all the troubles that obsess us in this world.3Death is the best end of our sufferings.4No, no! lb die is not to sleep. Perhaps to die is to dream. In the sleep of death both good dreams and bad dreams may come.5Such a thought makes us hesitate.6Life is horrible. Life is full of such bad things as the oppressor's wrong and the insolence( conceit, arrogance) of office.7That patient merit...with a bare bodkin:本来一把短剑就可以了结一切，可我们为什么还要寄人篱下苟活于世？8We can not bear such a bad life. But at the same time, we dare not go to the other world.活下去还是不活，这是个问题；要做到高贵，究竟该忍气吞声来容受狂暴的命运矢石交攻击呢，还是该挺身反抗无边的苦恼，扫它个干净？死，就是睡眠——就这样；而如果睡眠就等于了结了心痛以及千百种身体要担受的皮痛肉痛，那该是正求之不得啊！死，就是睡眠；睡眠也许要做梦，这就麻烦了！我们一旦摆脱了尘世的牵缠在死的睡眠里还会做些什么梦，一想到就不能不踌躇。

英国文学复习题.docx

LiteratureI. Fill in the blanks （15 空）II. Choose the best answer for each blank・（10 空）1・After the fall of the Roman Empire 帝国and the withdrawal 撤退of Roman troops from Albion, the aboriginal 土著的Celtic 凯尔特 A population of the larger part of the island was soon conquered 征月艮and almost totally exterminated by the Teutonic 日耳曼人的tribes of Angles , Saxons , and Jutes who came from the continent and settled in the island, naming its central part England. 2・For nearly 400 years prior to the coming of the English, British had been a Roman province. In 410A.D. , the Rome withdrew 撤回their legions 古罗马军团from Britain to protect herself against swarms of Teutonic invaders・3. The literature of early period falls naturally into two divisions, paqan 异教徒and Christian ・The former represents the poetry which the Anglo-Saxons probably brought with them in the form of oral saqas 长篇英雄故事，the crude material out of which literature was slowly developed on English soil；the later represents the writings developed under the teaching of the monks ・4. Among the early Anglo-Saxon poets we may mention Caedmon who lived in the latter half of the 7th century and who wrote a poetic Paraphrase of the Bible・5. The Sonq of Beowulf can be justly termed 称为England's national epic and its hero Beowulf --------- o ne of the national heroes of the English people・6. The Song of Beowulf reflects events which took place on the Continent approximately at the beginning of the 6th century, when the forefathers of the Jutes lived in the southern part of the Scandinavian peninsula 斯堪的纟内维亚半岛and maintained close relations with kindred tribes, e.g. With the Danes who lived on the other side of the straits・7. In the year_1066 ___ , at the battle of _Hastings _______ , the__ Normans ____ h eaded by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons・8. In the tenth century the Normans conquered a part of northern France, which is still called Normandy, and rapidly adopted 采纟内French civilization and the French lanquaae.9. The literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its bright, romantic tales of love and adventure 冒险,in markedcontrast with the strength 力量and somberness 忧郁of Anglo・Saxon poetry.10. (英语的形成)Anglo-Saxon speech simplified 简化itself by dropping of its Teutonic in flections, absorbed eventually a large part of the French vocabulary and became the English language・ 10. English literature is also a combination of _French_and _Saxon_ elements.(选)11. At first the new literature was remarkably varied, but of small intrinsic 本质白勺worth; and very little of it is now read・ In our study we have noted (a) Geoffrey's History, which is valuable as a source book of literature, since it contains the n ative Celtic lege nds of Arthur;(b) the work of the French writers, who made the Arthurian 亚瑟王的legends popular; (c) Riming Chronicles编年史, i.e. history in doggerel 打油诗verse, like Laysmon J s Brut; (d) Metrical Romances 韵律拉丁语，or tales in verse.12 In contradistinction to the alliterative verse of Anglo-Saxon poetry, Chaucer chose the metrical form which laid the foundation of the English tonico-svllbic verse・13. Chaucer's masterpiece is The Canterburv Tales, one of the most famous works in all literature・ He created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of his time and his country in this poem.14. Ballads are anonymous 匿名的narrative songs that have been preserved 力口工by oral transmission 口头相传.(T解选择)15. The 16th century in England was 繁荣昌盛的prosperous and flourishing.出现：(1 )the qentrv 新贵,the main supporters of the absolute monarchy 君主制度・(2) the class of bourgeoisie屮产阶级.(选择)16. The revolution of 1688 meant three things: (1) the supremacy of Parliament 至高无上的议会；(2) the beginning of modern England; (3) the final triumph 胜利of the principle of political liberty 自市of Puritan 清教徒17, John Donne ------metaphvsical poet 玄学诗18. John Bunyan ------ biblical allegory 圣经寓言(biblical include biblical allegorical epic 叙事诗and biblical allegory)(选择)19- The Puritan Age was one of confusion. The Puritan believed in simplicity 朴素of life・11 .There are various kinds of ballads _historical _____ ,_legendary ____ , _fantastical ______ , _lyrical ____ , and_humorous ____ .12. The name of the “jolly innkeeper” in The Canterbury Tales isHarry Baily ____, who proposes that each pilgrim of the_group __ should tell two tales on the way to Canterbury and twomore on the way back.14. Shakespeare's first original play written in about 1590 was_King Henry Vl_・15. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and _Macbeth __________ are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies・16. Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of _Queen Elizabeth I _____ .17. Bacon's works may be divided into three classes, the_philosophical ____ , the」iterary ________ , the_professional _____ works ・18. Together with the development of bourgeois relationships and formation of the English national state this period is marked by a flourishing of national culture known as the__ Renaissance ______ .19. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of _The Fairy Queen ______ ・20. Anglo-Saxon poets typically used _alliterative ________ v erse, a form of verse that uses _alliteration ___________ as the principal structuring device to unify lines of poetry.21. The British legend of King Arthur was important in defining the ideal of _chivalry _______ which is essential to the Europeanconcept of the knight as an elite warrior who swear to uphold the values of _faith ______ , _courage _____ , _loyalty _______ and honor.22. As a literary genre of high culture, _ Roma nee is a style of heroic prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about the marvelous adventures of a chivalrous, heroic knight errant, often of super-human ability, who often goes on a quest.23. _______ lambic pentameter ____ is a line made up of five pairs of short/long, or unstressed/stressed, syllables・24. A ___ heroic couplet ____ is a traditional form for Englishpoetry constructed from a sequenee of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter lines・ Use of the heroic couplet was first pioneered by Geoffrey Chaucer in theLegend of Good Women and the Canterbury Tales・ Chaucer is also widely credited with first extensive use of _____________ iambic pentameter ______ .25. _An epic ______ is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarilyconcerning ____ a serious subject ___________ containingdetails of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture ornation.26. In The Canterbury Tales, Chaucer believes in the right ofman to ___ earthly happiness ______ ・ He is anxious to see man freed from _______ s uperstitions and a blind belief in___ f ate_・He is also keen to praise man's _energy_______ ,adroitness, _intellect _________ , quick wit and the love for_life _______ ・27. ___ Ballad _____ i s generally a narrative poem of no greatlength, without any known author or any mark of individualauthorship ・28. _____ Blank verse ___ i s a type of poetry, distinguished byhaving a regular meter, but no rhyme・ This technique releases the new power and ____ flexibility _____ of the poetry.29. A ______ sonnet_ consists of 14 lines, and each line iswri社en in iambic pentameter in which a pattern of anunemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable isrepeated five times. The rhyme scheme is _ABAB CDCD EFEF GG _____________________ ・30. Francis Bacon, a representative of the Renaissance inEngland, is a well-known philosophy, scientist and writer. His “___ Essays __ ,5 is the first example of the genre in Englishliterature, recognized as an important Iandmark in the development of prose・IL Choose the best answer for each blank.I. ______________________________ The most important work of _______________________________ A __ is the Anglo-SaxonChronicles, which is regarded as the best monument of the oldEnglish prose・a. Alfred the Greatb. Caedmonc. Cynewulfd. Venerable Bede2. Who is the monster half-human who had mingled thirty warriors in The Song of Beowulf? Ca. Hrothgat. b・ Heorot.c. Grendel.d. Beowulf.3. _A ____ is the first important religious poet in English Literature.a. Cynewulf b・ Caedmonc. Shakespeare・d. Adam Bede4. Who is the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England? Ba. Christopher Marlowb. Geoffrey Chaucerc. W. Shakespeared. Alfred the Great5. Chaucer's earliest work of any length is his “_C _____ ” a translation of the French “Roman de la Rose" by Gaillaume de Lorris and Jean de Meung, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but through Europe・a. Troilus and Criseydeb. A Red, Red Rosec. Romance of the Rosed. Piers the PlowmanIII.连线题1. Thomas More ------ Utopia ----- ut forward his ideal of a futurehappy society2. Francis Bacon ------ essays 散文3. Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard ------------ f irst to introduce thesonnet into English literature.4. Edmund Spenser ------- t he greatest epic poem of the time TheFairy Queen.5. John Lyly ----- "euphuism1华丽辞藻6. Christopher Marlowe --------- made blank verse the principalvehicle of expression in drama.把无韵诗变成戏剧基本表达形式7. John Bunyan ----- biblical allegory圣经寓言8. Richard Steele ----- a moralistic journal The Spectator9. Alexander Pope ----- “whatever is, is right”------ prosody 韵文学10. Daniel Defoe ----- Robinson Crusoe11. Henry Fielding and Tobias George Smollet -------------- the realfounders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel 现实主义12. Samuel Richardson --------- enriched European literature withthe method of psychological analysis 心理分析；display an interest in the innermost 最深处最隐私的life of an in dividual.13. Jonathan Swift ------ Gulliver's Travels.15. (sentimentalism 感伤主义)Oliver Goldsmith Wakefield16. --------------------------------------------------------------- (sentimentalism 感伤主义)Thomas Gray -------------------------------------- ElegyDecide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets ・1. (F ) The author of The Song of Beowulf is Cynewulf.2. ( F ) The setting of The Song of Beowulf is in Scotland.3. ( T ) The author of Paraphrase is Caedmon.4. ( T ) The 32 pilgrims, according to Chaucer's plan, was to exceed that of Brancaccio's Decahedron.5. (F ) The Prologue is a splendid masterpiece of Romantic portray, the first of its kind in the history of English literature.6. ( F ) The Canterbury Tales is a vivid and brilliant reflection of 15thcentury in England.7. ( T) Chaucer's poetry traces out a path to the literature of English Renaissance ・IV. Define the literary terms listed below.1 .Alliteration: the use of the same letter or sound at the beginning of words that are close together ,as in sing a song of sixpence ・ 14. Richard B. Sheridan School for Scandal 造谣学校 The Vicar of2. Epic: is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning aserious subject containing details of heroic deeds andevents significant to a culture or nation.I. Fill in the following blanks.II. Define the literature terms listed below・1・Canto: one of the sections of a long poem/one of the parts into which a very long poem is divided・2. Legend:a story from ancient times about people and events, that may or may be not true・3. Arthurian Legend.（亚瑟，欧洲古老传说中的不列颠王.）III. Read the excerpt of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight Carefully, and then make a brief comment on it.IV. Answer the following questions・1・What is the con sequence of the Norma n Conquest?2. Make a brief survey of the Middle English literature.I. Fill in the following blanks.・ Choose the best answer.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false and write your answers in the brackets・IV. Define the literary terms listed below・1. Romance: is a literary form in medieval England about the stories of knights・ It's a long narrative composition in verse or in prose・ In the romance, it reflects the noble life, reflecting three kinds of matters・2 Ballad: Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission・3. English Renaissance: P664. Sonnet: A Shakespearean 5or English sonnet consists of 14 lines, each line contains ten syllables, and each line is written in iambic pentameter in which a Patten of an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five time. The rhyme scheme in a Shakespean sonnet is ABAB CDCD EFEF GG・ 5・ Blank Verse: is a type of poetry, distinguished by having a regular meter, but no rhyme, usually with ten syllables and five stresses in each line syllables・。

（完整word版）英国文学选读复习资料

（完整word版）英国文学选读复习资料Part I The Middle AgeChapter 1 the Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1. Beowulf（贝奥武甫）: England’s national epic.（第一部民族史诗）2. artistic feature: ① using alliteration② using metaphor and understatementChapter 3 Geoffrey Chaucer (ca1343-1400)1.Geoffrey Chaucer is the father of English poetry and one of the most greatest narrative（叙事）poets of England.2.首创双韵体. tonico-syllabic verse. 运用London dialect.3. writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.4.代表作：The Canterbury Tales-----In this book, Chaucer created a strikingly brilliant and picturesque panorama of his time and his country. In this poem Chaucer’s realism, trenchant irony and freedom of views reached such a high level of power that it had no equal in all the English literature up to the 16th century. But Chaucer was not entirely devoid of medieval prejudices. [乔叟为他那个时代和国家勾勒出一幅生机勃勃而又充满诗情画意的社会百态图。

英国文学复习(DOC)

What to study for the final exam of English Literature(for Grade 06)1.Know all of the literary periods in English literature along with their dates and significantevents that mark the beginning and the ending of each period.2.Know the main historical events that happened in the Old English period, The MiddleEnglish Period, the Renaissance period, the Restoration, Romantic, Victorian and Modern Eras.3.Know the main authors and their literary works (notes: you don’t have to know the dateswhen the authors lived or the dates when their literary works were published.)4.Be able to write a short one-paragraph biography of Geoffrey Chaucer, William shakespeare,William Wordsworth, Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, Thomas Hardy, James Joyce5.Be able to define the terms…the Spenserian Stanza, Shakespeare Sonnet, humanism, neoclaccism, Romanticism, critical realism, naturalism, modernism, the Lake Poets, the metaphysical poetry, Comedy of Manners. sololiquy, ode, the Gothic fiction, the Byronic Hero, irony, metaphor,personification, iamb Aestheticism6.Be able to identify some quotations from…●“Paradise Lost” by John Milton●The “to be or not to be” sololiquy by William Shakespeare●Sonnet 18 by William Shakespeare●“To his Coy Mistress” by Andrew Marvell●“A Velediction: Forbidding Mourning” by John Donne●“Ode on a Grecian Urn” by John Keats●“Ode to the West Wind” by Percy Shelley●“She walks in Beauty” by Byron●“The isles of Greece” by Byron●“I wander lonely as a cloud” by William Wordsworth,●“She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways” by William Wordsworth●Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen●Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte.P. S. English literary PeriodsPeriods of English Literature:Old English or Anglo-Saxon Literature (449-1066CE)When the Romans withdrew from England in 409∕410, it left England unprotected. This opened the way for the first wave of invasions of Germanic tribes (Angles, Saxons, and Jutes). The period ends with the Norman conquest of England (when William I defeats King Harold at the battle of Hastings in 1066)Important work:Beowulf.Middle English or Medieval Literature (1066-1476∕1485)Starts with William the Conqueror’s victory over Harold at Hastings and ends with the advent of the printing press in England (or the printing of Malory’s Le Morte d’Arthur)I mportant Writers and works:●Geoffrey Chaucer ( c. 1340-1400 ) . The Father of English Poetry. The Canterbury Tales●Sir Thomas Malory ( c. 1405-1471 ), Le Morte D'Arthur.Renaissance Literature (1476-1660)Starts with William Caxton’s bringing his printing press to England and ends with the restoration of the monarchy (Charles II)●Important Writers and works:Sir Thomas More ( 1478-1535 ). UtopiaEdmund Spenser ( 1552-1599 ). The Faerie Queene The Shepheardes Calendar ( 1579)Sir Francis Bacon ( 1561-1626 ).Essays The Advancement of Learning( 1605 ). The New Atlantis ( 1622-24 ).Christopher Marlowe ( 1564-1593 ). Tamburlaine the Great ( 1590 ). The Tragicall History of Dr Faustus ( 1604 ). The Jew of Malta ( 1633 ).William Shakespeare ( 1564-1616 ). Hamlet Julius Caesar King Lear Macbeth The Merchant of Venice The Merry Wives of Windsor A Midsummer Night's Dream Much Ado About Nothing Othello Romeo and Juliet The Tempest Twelfth Night The Winter's TaleJohn Donne ( 1573-1631 ) .John Milton ( 1608-1674 ).Paradise Lost( 1667; 1674 ).Paradise Regained (1671)Samson Agonistes ( 1671 ).Andrew Marvell ( 1621-1678 ).Restoration Peroid (1660-1789)Starts w ith the restoration of the Monarchy (Charles II) and ends with the start of the French RevolutionThe Restoration, 1660-1702John Bunyan ( 1628-1688 ). The Pilgrim's Progress (1678, 1684 ).Sir Isaac Newton ( 1642-1727 ). Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy and His System of the World: Motion of BodiesThe Eighteenth Century From the Accession of Queen Anne until the Death of Johnson, 1702-1784Daniel Defoe ( 1659-1731 ). Robinson Crusoe ( 1719-20 )Jonathan Swift ( 1667-1745 ) Gulliver's TravelsAlexander Pope ( 1688-1744 ). The premier poet of his age. An Essay on CriticismSamuel Richardson ( 1689-1761 ). Pamela ( 1740 ).Henry Fielding ( 1707-1754 ) The History of Tom Jones, a FoundlingSamuel Johnson ( 1709-1784 ). The ultimate man of letters of the 18th Century, The Great Cham of Literature. compiler of The Dictionary of the English LanguageThomas Gray ( 1716-1771 ). Elegy Written ina Country Churchyard ( 1751)Horace Walpole ( 1717-1797 ). The Castle of Otranto ( 1765 ).Oliver Goldsmith ( 1730-1774 ). The Citizen of the World ( 1760-61 ).Edward Gibbon ( 1737-1794 ). The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire ( 1776 - 88 )Richard Brinsley Sheridan ( 1751-1816 ). The School for Scandal ( 1783 ).The Romantic Age (1798-1832)Starts with the publication of Lyrical Ballads and ends with the death of Walter Scott, or the implement of the Reform Act in 1832.William Blake ( 1757 - 1827 ) Songs of Innocence and Experience ( 1794)Robert Burns ( 1759 - 1796 ) My Luve is Like a Red Red RoseMary Wollstonecraft ( 1759 - 1797 ) A Vindication of the Rights of Women ( 1792 ).William Wordsworth ( 1770 - 1850 ) Lyrical Ballads ( 1798) The Prelude; or, The Growth of a Poet's Mind ( 1850 ).Sir Walter Scott ( 1771 - 1832 ) Ivanhoe ( 1820 )Samuel Taylor Coleridge ( 1772 - 1834 )"Rime of the Ancient Mariner" and "Kubla Khan"Jane Austen ( 1775 - 1817 ). Pride and Prejudice, Northanger Abbey, and EmmaGeorge Gordon, Lord Byron ( 1788 - 1824 ) Don Juan and Childe HaroldPercy Bysshe Shelley ( 1792 - 1822 ) Queen Mab and Prometheus Unbound; The Defence of Poetry, ode to the West WindJohn Keats ( 1795 - 1821 ) Ode on a Grecian Urn, Ode to a NightingaleMary Shelley ( 1797 - 1851 ) Frankenstein ( 1831)The Victorian Literture (1832-1880) (or 1837-1901 for The Victorian Age)Starts with the death of Walter Scott, or the implement of the Reform Act in 1832 and ends with the death of George Eliot in 1880Elizabeth Barrett Browning ( 1806-1861 )Sonnets from the Portuguese.Charles Darwin ( 1809-1882 ). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection ( 1859 ). Alfred, Lord Tennyson ( 1809-1892 ). "Break, break, break,"William Makepeace Thackeray ( 1811-1863 ). Vanity Fair: A Novel Without a Hero ( 1848 ). Robert Browning ( 1812-1889 ). My Last DuchessCharles Dickens ( 1812-1870 ). Oliver Twist ( 1837-38 ). A novel about the London underworld A Christmas Carol ( 1843 ). Dombey and Son ( 1847-48 ). David Copperfield ( 1849-50 ). Bleak House ( 1852-53 ). Hard Times ( 1854) Little Dorrit ( 1857-58 ).A Tale of Two Cities ( 1859 ).a novel about the French Revolution Great Expectations (1860-61 ).Charlotte Brontë ( 1816-1855 ). Jane Eyre ( 1847 ).Emily Brontë ( 1818-1848 ). Wuthering Heights ( 1847)George Eliot ( 1819-1880 ). Adam Bede ( 1859 ). The Mill on the Floss ( 1860 ). Middlemarch ( 1871-71)Oscar Wilde ( 1854-1900 ). The Importance of Being EarnestModern Literature (1910-1940 or to the present)Thomas Hardy ( 1840 - 1928 ) Return of the Native ( 1878) Tess of the D'Urbervilles ( 1891 ).Jude the Obscure ( 1895) The Mayor of Casterbridge ( 1886 ).Joseph Conrad ( 1857 - 1924 ). Heart of DarknessJohn Galsworthy The Forsyte Saga ( 1922)E. M. Forster ( 1879 - 1970 ). A Passage to India, 1924Virginia Woolf ( 1882 - 1941 ). A Room of One's Own ( 1929 ). Mrs. Dalloway ( 1925 ).To the Lighthouse ( 1927 ).James Joyce ( 1882 - 1941 ). Dubliners ( 1914) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ( 1916) Ulysses ( 1922 ). Finnegan's Wake ( 1939 ).D. H. Lawrence ( 1885 - 1930 ) Sons and Lovers (1913)T. S. Eliot ( 1888 - 1965 ). The Waste Land (1922)Samuel Beckett (1906-1989). Waiting for Godot (1952) the 1969 Nobel Prize lauretePut the following literary terms into Chinese.1. Aesthetic 11. iambus 21. cavalier poets2. Imagism 12. poet 22. enlighten3. Modernism 13. romanticism 23. sentimentalism4. tragedy 14. trochee 24. naturalism5. comedy 15. Critical Realism 25. historical novel6. monologue 16. Renaissance7. blank verse 17. humanism8. sonnet 18. artistic9. quatrain 19. literary career10. anapest 20. metaphysical poetsKeys：III.1.审美原理 2. 意象主义(派) 3. 现代主义 4. 悲剧 5. 喜剧 6.独白 7.素体诗8. 商籁体(十四行诗) 9. 四行诗 10. 抑抑扬格 11.抑扬格12.音步13.浪漫主义 14. 扬抑格15. 批判现实主义 16. 文艺复兴 17.人文主义18.艺术的19.文学生涯 20. 玄学诗人21. 骑士诗人 22. 启蒙主义 23.感伤主义24.自然主义25.历史小说Put the literary terms into English. (20%)1.头韵2. 传奇文学/罗曼司3. 讽寓4. 无韵诗/白体诗5. 夸饰文体6. 悲剧7. •遥曲/民谣/民歌8. 挽歌/诗9. 田园牧歌作品10. 流浪汉小说11. 英雄双行/韵体 12. 抒情诗13.•玄学派诗人14. 斯宾塞诗节 15. 现实主义小说16. 浪漫主义17. 诗章18. 独白 19.新古典主义20. 插剧1. alliteration2. Romance3. allegory4. blank verse5. euphuism6. tragic-comedy7. ballad 8. elegy9. pastoral 10. picaresque novel11. heroic couplet 12. lyrics13. metaphysical poets 14. Spenserian stanza15. realistic fiction 16. Romanticism17. canto 18. soliloquy19. neo-classicism 20. interludeName the Writers by the given passages and comment its theme:( ) 1. What man art thou,quoth he,That lookest as thou wouldst find a hare;For ever on the ground I see thee stare.( ) 2. Here where nothing is private, the common affairs be earnestly looked upon...•There where all things be common to every man, It is not to be doubted that any an shall lack anything necessary for his private use, so •that •the •common •storehouses bars be sufficiently stored ( ) 3. Can honor set to a leg ?no, or an arm? No:...what is honor? A word, what is that word, honor? Air.( ) 4. ...What though the field be lost?All is not lost; the unconquerable willAnd study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield...( ) 5. It sucked me first, and now sucks thee,And in this flea, our two bloods mingled be;This flea is you & I,& thisOur marriage-bed, marriage temple is.( ) 6. To err is human, to forgive ,divine( ) 7. Imitation here will not to do the business.The picture must be after Nature herself.( ) 8. Mother bore me in the southern wildAnd I am black, but O ! my soul is white;White as an angel is the English childBut I am black, as if bereaved of light( ) 9. Farewell my friend ! farewell my foes !My peace with these, my love with those:The bursting tears my heart declare-----Farewell the bonnie banks of Ayr!( ) 10. I love all that thou lovestSpirit of Delight !The fresh earth in new leaves dressedAnd the stary nightAutumn evening, the moonWhen the golden mists are bornKeys:1. Geoffrey Chaucer 2. Thomas More 3. Shakespeare 4. John Milton5. John Donne6. Alexander Pope •7.•Henry Fielding8. William Blake9. Robert Burns 10. Percy Bysshe Shelley( ) 1."Farewell,my friends ! Farewell, my foes !My please with these, my love with those:The bursting tears my heart declare_______Farewell the bonnie banks of ayr ! "( ) 2. The curfew tolls the knell of parting day.The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea;The plowman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to blackness and to me.( ) 3. My mother bore me in the southern wild,And I am black, but o ! my soul is white;White as an angel is the English child,But I am black, as if brereav'd of light.( ) 4. Vain, very vain, my weary search to findThat bliss which only centers in the mind.Why have I strayed from pleasure and reposeTo seek a good each government bestows ?( ) 5. When I had once addressed your lordship in public, I •had •exhausted •all the •art of pleasing which a retired and uncouthly scholar can possess...Is not a Patron, my lord,•one who looks with unconcern on a man struggling for life in the water, and, when he hasreached ground, encumbers him with help ?( ) 6. Break, break, break,On thy cold gray stones, sea !And I would that my tongue could utterThe thoughts that arise in me.( ) 7. The year's at the springAnd day's at the morn;Morning's at seven;The will-side's few-pearled;The lard's on the wing;The snail's on the thorn:God's in the heaven ______________All's right with the world !( ) 8. If thou must love me, let it be for naughtExcept for love's sake only. Do not say"I love her for her smile...her look...her wayOf speaking gently...For a trick of thought( ) 9. I shall not see the shadows,I shall not feel the rain;I shall not hear the nightingaleSing on as if in pain.( ) 10.Cast a cold eyeOn life, on death.Horseman, pass by !Keys: I. 1. Robert Burns 2. Thomas Gray 3. William Blake 4. Oliver Goldsmith 5. Samuel Johnson 6. Alfred Tennyson 7. Robert Browning 8. Elizabeth Barret9. Christina Georgina Rossetti 10. W.B.yeats。

英语专业英国文学史总复习

1) the Renaissance 2) the rise of humanism 3) Thomas More (1478-1535), Utopia (“no place”): his masterpiece; in the form of a conversation between More and a returned voyager; 4）lyrical poems: (the first half of the 16th century) Thomas Wyatt (1503?--1542) was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. (the second half of the 16th century) Edmund Spencer (15521599) , “the Poets’ poet”, and his The Faerie Queen 5) Prose: Francis Bacon (1561-1626): 6) Novel: John Lyly (1553?-1606) and Thomas Loge (1558?-1625): dealing with court life and gallantry 7)Drama: A) Chirstopher Marlowe (1564-1593): B) Ben Johnson (1572-1637): “Every man in his humor”, He praised Shakespeare “he was not of an age, but for all time!” C) Robert Greene (1560?-1592): Ｄ) William Shakespeare: (1564-1616)

(完整word版)英国文学史上期末复习

英国文学简史General introduction of English literature1。

1) Old English Literature (449-1066）古英语时期文学——The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》2) Medieval English Literature (1066-15th century）中世纪英语时期文学—-Geoffrey Chaucer (1340_1400）杰弗里·乔叟代表作:French influence:Romance of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》The Book Of Duchess《公爵夫人之书》Italian influence:The Legend of Good Women《良妇传说》The House of Fame《声誉之堂》The Parliament of Fowls《百鸟议会》Troilus and Criseyde 《特罗勒斯与克莱西》Maturity:The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》2.Renaissance English literature (late 15th century ～early 17th century）文艺复兴-—-———-Thomas More 托马斯。

莫尔Utopia 乌托邦(1516）-——he gave a profound and truthful picture ofthe people’s sufferings and put forward hisideal of a future happy society.-—Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根(1561——1626)The philosophical——-The Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》The literature —---—Essays《随笔》The professional works——-—--Thomas Wyatt托马斯怀亚特（1503-—1542)The first to introduce the sonnet into English literature(引入十四行诗的第一人）Lyrical poetry---—-—Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙斯宾塞(1552--1599）Poet's poet 诗人中的诗人The Faerie Queene 《仙后》（the greatest epic poem 史诗)The Shepheardes Calendar《牧人月历》——William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚(1564-—1616)The most popular and the most wildly respected writer in all English literature四大悲剧：HamletOthelloKing LearMacbeth四大喜剧：A Midsummer Night’s DreamThe merchant of VeniceAs you like itTwelfth Night-—Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗·马洛The greatest of the pioneers of English dramaThe one who first made blank verse the principal instrument of English dramaEnglish Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period (1640-1688）资产阶级革命与王朝复辟时期的文学--———-—John Donne约翰多恩(a metaphysical poet 玄学诗人）代表作：”the flea"（跳骚)—love poem“Song”(歌)“A Valediction: Forbidden Morning”（别离辞：节哀）“Death be not proud”(死神，你莫骄傲)死亡时永恒的，不要害怕死亡，人死后可以超生，到天堂“The Canonization"（封圣）-—John Milton约翰·弥尔顿(puritan)Paradise Lost《失乐园》Paradise Regained《复乐园》Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》On his blindnessOn His Deceased Wife《悼念我的亡妻》-—John Bunyan 约翰·班扬The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》—-—is written in theold-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.4。

(完整word版)英国文学史及选读复习资料整理(word文档良心出品)

Old English Period— Anglo-Saxon Period(450-1066)1.The History•From 55 BC to 410 AD, the Romans conquered the land and transplanted its civilization.2.The LiteratureTwo divisions:Pagan & ChristianPaganThe Seafarer水手; The Fight at Finnisburg芬尼斯郡之战; The Wanderer流浪者; Waldhere瓦登希尔;The Battle of Maldom马尔登战役Widsith(威德西斯); The complaint of Deor迪奥的抱怨•The wife’s Lament妻子的哀歌; Ruin毁灭are good examples.Beowulf, England’s national epic.Writing featuresnot a Christian but a pagan poem of all advanced pagan civilization,The use of the strong stress and the predominance of consonants are very notable in this poem. Each line is divided into two halves, and each half has two heavy stressesThe use of alliteration is another notable feature and makes the stresses more emphatic. There are a lot of metaphors and understatements in this poemAnglo-Norman Period(1066-1350)The literature•The Growth of the Arthurian Legends•The legends of King Arthur and his knights had existed as an oral tradition since the time of the Celts.The 17th CenturyA Brief Introduction of the 17th century⏹The contradictions between the feudal system and bourgeoisie⏹James I：1603-1625 political and religious tyranny⏹Charles I: 1625-1649⏹Oliver Cromwell : commonwealth protector: 1653-1658⏹Charles II: 1660-1688 the Restoration⏹James II：1685-1688⏹William of Oranges: 1688-1702 “Glorious Revolution”⏹The Bill of Rights 权利法案：1689John Donne代表作：The FleaMetaphysical PoetryHoly Sonnet 10SongA Valediction:Forbidding Mourning 别离辞：节哀John Milton⏹the early phase of reading and lyric writing⏹the middle phase of service in the Puritan Revolution and the pamphleteering for it⏹the last --- the greatest --- phase of epic writingParadise Lost--- the great epicParadise Regained；Samson AgonistesJohn BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress（essay）The 18th-century LiteratureThe Rise of English NovelsThe historical backgroundComparing with the 17th century, the 18th century is a period for peaceful development.The constitutional monarchy has been set up by parliament in 1688.England grew from a second rate country to a powerful naval country in this century.With the ascent of the bourgeoisie cultural life had undergone remarkable changes.The rise of the English novel.代表作：Daniel Defoe Robinson CrusoeJonathan SwiftThe Battle of the Books; 《书籍之战》The Tale of a Tub; 《一只桶的故事》The Drapier’s Letter; 《布商来信》A Modest Proposal; 《一个温和的建议》Journal to Stella; 《给斯黛拉的日记》Gulliver’s Travel. 《格列夫游记》Satirical features⏹Swift offered an opportunity of self-scrutiny.（自我审视）⏹The Lilliputians （小人国居民）and their institutions were all about people and theirinstitutions of England.⏹The Brobdingnagians were incredible Utopians.⏹The scientists and philosophers represented the extremes of futile theorizing andspeculations in all areas of activity such as science, politics, and economics with their instinct-killing tendencies.⏹The picture of the Yahoos made a clear statement about man and his nature.Henry FieldingTom JohnsonSocial significanceThe writer shows his strong hatred for all the hypocrisy and treachery in the society of his age and his sympathy for the courageous young rebels in their righteous struggleThe 18th-century Literature (II)The Age of Enlightenment in EnglandThe rapid development of social life•On the economic scene, the country became increasingly affluent.•On the political scene, a fragile of balance between the monarch and the middle class existed.•On the religious scene, deism came into existence代表Thomas GrayElegy Written in a Country Churchyard● a masterpiece of lyric●Theme: a sentimental meditation upon life and death, esp. of the common rural people,whose life, though simple and crude, has been full of real happiness and meaning●Poetic pattern: quatrains of iambic pentameter lines rhyming ABAB●Mood: melancholy, calm, meditative●Style: neoclassic---vivid visual painting,---musical/rhythmic,---controlled and restrained,---polished languageSection 1 It sets the scene for the poet’s visit to the churchyard. It is enveloped in gloom and grief, which is archetypal of graveyard, poets’fascination with night, graves, and death. The tone is echoed by the last part of the poem●Section 2 It tells about the people entombed there and recalls their life experiences. Whenthe “rude forefathers of the hamlet”lived. They got up early at the twittering of swallows, or a rooster’s wake-up call or a hunter’s horn, enjoyed family bliss with wife and kids in the evening, or were happily busy with farm work in the fields, but now that they lie in their “narrow cells”, their “useful toil”and “homely joys”happen no more. The tone is one of melancholy and regret for the dead.●Section 3 It warns the rich and powerful not to despise the poor since all are equal in faceof death and the grave levels off all distinction. All nobility, power, and wealth “await alike”the inevitable end and “the paths of glory lead but to the grave”. Nothing could●ever bring anything back to life.Section 4●It expresses, on the one hand, the poet’s regret that their life had not been congenial tothe growth and full play of the poor farmers’native gifts and talents and, on the other, his feeling of “a blessing in disguise”for them in the sense that, because they did not commit any crimes to humankind nor have to play the obsequious social climber against one’s integrity.Section 5●It asserts the notion that, even though they lived a less eventful life, there is no reason toforget these farmers.Section 6●It portrays the scenario that the poet envisions would happen after his own death. Avillager would say of him: he got up early to go uphill to the lawn and lay there meditating under the tree until noon. He would wander in the wood, smiling at one moment, muttering to himself at the next, sad and pale, like one “in hopeless love”. Then for a couple of days he did not show up, and on the third day he was buried in the churchyard.Section 7●As he shows sympathy for the poor, he gains the friendship of man and God. He asks thepassers-by not to get to know any more about his merits and weaknesses as he waits in his grave for God’s judgment.●The poem touches the readers to the quick with its notable sadnessOliver Goldsmith’s《The Vicar of Wakefield》•Pre-Romantic Poems (I)William BlakeThe Songs of Experience；THE LAMB；The Tyger；The Sick RoseRobert Burns⏹1) Political poems --- The Tree of Liberty;⏹2) Satirical poems --- Holy Willie’s Prayer, Two Dogs⏹3) Lyrics --- My Heart’s in the Highlands, A Red, Red Rose, Auld Lang SyneBurns’s position and his features⏹ A great Scottish peasant poet; a national poet of Scotland⏹Numerous are Burns’s songs of love and friendship.⏹His great success was largely due to his comprehensive knowledge and excellent masteryof the old song traditions.⏹His poetry have a musical quality that helps to perpetuate the sentimentBurns ushered a tendency that prevailed during the high time of RomanticismThe Romantic Period (I)⏹“The Lakers”：湖畔诗人William WordsworthSamuel ColeridgeRobert Southey•William Wordsworth•Lyrical Ballads；Lines Written in Early Spring；To the Cuckoo ；The Daffodils I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud；My Heart Leaps Up；Intimations of Immortality 不朽颂Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern AbbeyComments on WordsworthWordsworth’s poetry is distinguished by simplicity and purity of his language which was spoken by the peasants who convey their feelings and emotions in simple and unelaborated expressions.•George Gordon Byron•Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage；Don Juan•What is Byronic hero?•Byron’s chief contribution to English poetry.•Such a hero is a proud, rebellious figure of noble origin. Passionate and powerful, he is right to all the wrongs in a corrupted society, and he would fight single--handedly against all the misdoings.•Thus this figure is a rebellious individual against outworn social systems and conventions •Byronic heroes•heroic of noble birth•passionate•rebellious•individual•Summery•This is a love poem about a beautiful woman and all of her features. Throughout the poem, Byron explains the depth of this woman’s beauty. Even in the darkness of death and mourning, her beauty shines through. Her innocence shows her pureness in heart and in love. The two forces involved in Byron’s poems are darkness and light --- at work in the woman’s beauty and also the two areas of her beauty --- the internal and the external •The theme•This poem shows that mourning does not necessarily imply melancholy or extreme sadness.•Rhetorics•Byron uses many antonyms to describe this woman --- face, eye, hair, cheek, brow, etc. to portray a perfect balance within her.•He often uses opposites like darkness and light to create this balance.• A simile was shown in line one which stated: “She walks in beauty, like the night”, which is also the basis of the poem.•Rhyme and meter•The poem follows a basic iambic tetrameter, with an “ababab cdcdcd efefef” rhyme. •Percy Bysshe Shelley•Comments on Shelley• 1. Shelley is one of the first poets in Europe who sang for the working people. His political lyrics are among the best of their kind in the whole sphere of European romantic poetry. And he is also one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language.• 2. Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and exploiters. He called on the people to overthrow the rule of tyranny and injustice and prophesied a happy and free life for mankind.• 3. One of the first poets in Europe who sang for the working people. His political lyrics are among the best of their kind in the whole sphere of European romantic poetry.❖ 4. He stood for this social and political ideal all his life.❖ 5. He and Byron are justifiably (justly, rightly) regarded as the two great poets of the revolutionary romanticism in England.❖ 6. Byron, his best friend, said of Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew”.❖7. Wordsworth said, “Shelley is one of the best artists of us all”.❖Ode to the West Wind❖Stanza 1❖It describes the power of the west wind and its double role as both destroyer(ll.2-5) and preserver(ll.6-12).❖Line 14 sums up the wind’s two basic characteristics, which also constitute the thematic focus of the poem❖Stanza 2❖I t focuses on the adumbration of the wind’s power driving clouds before it and bringing storms with it (ll.15-23) with lightning, rain, fire and hail (ll. 23-28).❖It also describes its destructive aspect of “closing night” enveloping all under its dome ofa vast tomb (ll. 24-25).❖Stanza 3❖It talks about the wind’s impact upon the sea, its first touching on the calm of the Mediterranean (ll. 29-36), and then on the turbulence of the Atlantic (ll.36-42).❖The Mediterranean sleeps in serenity in the summer but is waken up by the wind to see the quivering of the shadows of ancient palaces and towers (ll. 29-35) and the Atlantic cleaving asunder into gigantic chasms (ll. 35-38).❖Even the vegetation at the bottom of the sea “grow gray with fear./tremble and despo il themselves”.❖Stanza 4❖It expresses the poet’s emotional response to the west wind.❖The poet says to the wind (ll.43-47) that he wishes to be spirited away like the leaves, to dance like the clouds, to breathe like the waves, and enjoy a share of the win d’s strength like the storm though with a lesser degree of freedom of movement.❖The poet takes a nostalgic backward glance at his free, uncontrollable boyhood when he could fly like a swift could like the wind, and even outstrip it in speed (ll.47-51), and wishes for the wind to lift him up like a leaf or wave or a cloud (l. 54). But it is only a figment of his imagination.❖He has to face “the horns of life” that he has fallen upon, chained and weighed down, and no longer “tameless, swift, and proud” like the wind (ll.54-56).❖Stanza 5⏹It expresses both the poet’s request for the wind to help spread the words of his poem“among mankind” and wake it up from its deep stupor (ll. 66-69) and his prophecy that spring will come in the wake of winter (ll.69-70).⏹The poem ends upon a note of confidence and hope.⏹John Keats one of the greatest English poets and a major figure in the Romanticmovement⏹Ode on a Grecian Urn The Eve of St. Agnes To a NightingaleWalter Scott He is the creator and a great master of the historical novelJane AustenPride and Prejudice；Sense and Sensibility；Mansfield Park；Emma；Northanger Abbey；PersuasionCritical Realism Victorian PeriodFeatures of Dickens’s novels♦Charles Dickens’s novels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his age. They reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation; criticize the vices of capitalist society.Charles Dickens is a petty bourgeois intellectual. He could not overstep the limits of his class. He believed in the moral self-perfection of the wicked propertied classes. He failed to see the necessity of a bitter struggle of the oppressed against their oppressors. There is a definite tendency for a reconciliation of the contradictions of capitalist society♦Charles Dickens is a great humorist. His novels are full of humor and laughter and tell much of the experiences of his childhood. Almost all his novels have happy endings.The story of some major novels♦Oliver Twist♦David Copperfield♦Great Expectation♦ A Tale of Two CitiesWilliam Makepeace ThackerayVanity Fair•The Brontë sisters•Charlotte•Jane eyre (1847)•Shirley (1849)•Villette (1853)•The professor (1857)•Emily•Wuthering Heights (1847)•Anne•Agnes Grey (1847)•The tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) 《怀德菲尔庄园的房客》Alfred Lord Tennyson•the poet laureate after the death of Wordsworth in 1850•The Princes (1847),•In Memoriam (1850),•Maud (1855),•Enoch Arden (1864),•The Idylls of the King (1869-1872) Break, Break, Break ；Ulysses；Crossing the Bar Robert BrowningMy Last Duchess a dramatic monologueThe transition from 19th to 20th century in English literatureThomas Hardy◆Under the Greenwood Tree◆Far from the Madding Crowd◆The Return of the Native◆The Mayor of Casterbridge◆Tess of the D’Urbervilles◆Jude the ObscureOscar Wilde♦The Picture of Dorian Gray♦Lady Windermere’s Fan♦ A Woman of No Importance♦An Ideal Husband♦The Importance of Being Earnest♦Salome♦The Happy Prince and Other TalesGeorge Bernard Shaw♦ a prolific writer;♦winning Nobel Prize in 1925Mrs. Warren’s professionD. H. Lawrence•Novels•Sons and Lovers•The Rainbow•Women in Love•Lady Chatterley's Lover•Novellas•St Mawr•The Virgin and the Gypsy•The Escaped Cock“stream of consciousness”意识流代表人物：1)、Virginia Woolf 《Mrs. Dalloway》《A Room of One’s Own》 Woolf was much concerned with the position of women. 非常重视妇女的地位 2)、James Joyce Araby附读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。

(完整word版)英国文学史复习资料大纲英语专业必考

一．作家作品连线1.Geoffrey Chaucer乔叟——The Canterbury Tales(坎特伯雷故事），The Book of The Duchess（公爵夫人之书）、The Parliament of Fowls（百鸟会议)The House of Fame（声誉之堂）、Troilus and Criseyde（特罗勒斯与克丽西德）2.William Shakespeare莎士比亚——Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, SonnetThe Merchant of Venice，Henry IV，Twelfth Night，King Lear，Macbeth 3.Francis Bacon培根——（Essays）Of Marriage and Single Life(轮婚姻和单身), Of Studies4.John Donne邓恩（Metaphysical poems玄学派诗人）-— Song and Sonnets （歌与十四行诗）, Holy Sonnets（圣十四行诗）5.John Milton 弥尔顿—— Paradise Lost(失乐园）、Paradise Regained（复乐园）Samson Agonistes（力士参孙）6.Daniel Defoe笛福——The Life and strange Surprising Adventures of Robinson Crusoe（鲁滨孙漂流记)、Captain Singleton（辛格顿船长)、Moll Flanders（摩尔·弗兰德斯）A Journal of the Plague Year（大疫年日记）、Roxana （罗克萨娜）7.Jonathan Swift斯威夫特——Gulliver’s Travel s（格列佛游记）A Tale of a Tub (一只桶的故事)，A Modest Proposal（一个温和的建议）8.William Blake布莱克——Song of Innocence（天真之歌)，Song of experience（经验之歌）, Poetical Sketches(诗的素描), The Book of Thel（塞尔书)9.Robert Burns彭斯——Auld Lang Syne, A Red Red Rose，10.William Wordsworth华兹华斯——I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud11.Samuel Taylor Coleridge柯勒律治——Kubla Khan（忽必烈汗），BiographiaLiteria （文学传记）、Lyrical Ballads (抒情歌谣集)12.Jane Austen简·奥斯丁—- Pride and Prejudice二、术语解释1、Epic（史诗）： A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. It started in the 5th century, Beowulf was an important epic。

大学英语英国文学复习课

大学英语英国文学复习课英国文学Multiple Choice1. ____refers to some contrast or discrepancy between appearance and reality.A. AllegoryB. ConflictC. IronyD. Flashback2. Shakespeare’s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______ and ___.A. King Lear…Romeo and JulietB. King Lear…MacbethC. King John…Julius CaesarD. King John…The Merchant of Venice3. James Joyce is the author of all the following novels EXCEPT____A. DublinersB. A Potrait of the Artist as a Y oung ManC. Jude the ObscureD. Ulysses4. Which of the follwing poets is different from the others?A. John DonneB. John KeatsC. Lord ByronD. Percy Bysshe Shelley5. William Wordsworth is an English ____A. poetB. novelistC. playwrightD. critic6. Hardy’s best local-colored works are very known as “novels of character and _____.”（）A. personalityB. natureC. domestic lifeD. environment7. My Last Duchess is a monologue poem written by ____A. William ShakespeareB. Robert BrowingC. Ben JonsonD. Robert Herrick8. "Beauty is truth, truth beauty" is an epigrammatic line by ____A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Percy Bysshe Shelley9. Paradise Lost is a masterpiece by ____A. Christopher MarlowB. John MiltomC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Johnson10. James Joyce mostly wrote about his hometown ____A. LondonB. DublinC. New Y orkD. Edinburgh11.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by aseries of historical events, which one of the following is not such an event?A. The rediscovery of ancient Rome and Greek culture.B. England's domestic rest.C. New discovery in geography and astrology.D. The religious reformation and the economic expansion.12.Which of the following is regarded as the most successful religious allegory in the English language.A. The Pilgrim's ProgressB. Grace Abounding to the Chief ofSinnersC. The Life and Death of Mr. BadmanD. The Holy War13. It is alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Martin LutherC. William LanglandD. John Gower14. In “Araby”, Joyce’s diction evokes a so rt of ______ quality that characterizes the boy on this otherwise altogether ordinary shopping trip. ( )A. moralB. sentimentalC. vulgarD. religious15.It is generally regarded that Keats's most important and mature poems are in the form of .B. odeC. epicD. sonnet16.Daniel Defoe's novels mainly focus on .A. the struggle of the unfortunate for mere existenceB. the struggle of the shipwrecked persons for securityC. the struggle of the pirates for wealthD. the desire of the criminals for property17. In Beowulf, ( ) fought against the monster Grendel and a fivebreathing dragon.A. the Anglo-SaxonsB. BeowulfC. the ScandinavianD. the Winter Dragon18.Francis Bacon is best known for his ( ) which greatly influenced the development of this literary form.A. essaysB. poemsC. works D plays19 Most of Thomas Hardy's novels are set in Wessex .A. a crude region in EnglandB. a fictional primitive regionC. a remote rural areaD. Hardy's hometown20. "Blindness", "partiality", "prejudice", and "absurdity" in the novel "Pride and Prejudice" are most likely the characteristics of .A. ElizabethC. Mr. BennetD. Mrs. Bennet21.Who is not the major figure of modernist movement?A. EliotB. JoyceC. Charles DickensD. Pound22. Who is considered to be the best known English dramatist since Shakespeare?A. Oscar WildeB. John GalsworthyC. W.B. YeatsD. George Bernard Shaw23. Of the following poets, which is not regarded as "Lake Poets"?A. Samuel Taylor ColeridgeB. Robert SouthyC. William WordsworthD. John Byron24. In the first part of Gulliver's Travels, Gulliver told his experience in .A. LilliputB. BrobdingnagC. HouyhnhnmD. England25. Which of the following cannot describe "Byronic hero"?A. proudB. mysteriousC. noble origin D progressive26. In the history of literature, Romanticism is generally regarded as .A. the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience.B. the thought that designates man as a social animalC. the orientation that emphasizes those features which men have in commonD. the modes of thinking27. The term "metaphysical poetry" is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of .A. John MiltonB. John DonneC. John KeatsD. John Bunyan28. Which of the following plays by Shakespeare is history play?A. Julius CaesarB. The Merry Wives of WindsorC. Henry IVD. King Lear29. Who is regarded as a "worshipper of nature".A. John KeatsB. William BlakeC. William WordsworthD. Jane Austen30. Which of the following writing is not the work by Charles Dickens?A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. Hard TimesC. Oliver TwistD. Sons and LoversDefinition:Romanticism: English Romanticism is a revolt of the English imagination against the neoclassical reason. The French Revolution and the English Industrial Revolution exert great influence on English Romanticism. The romanticists express a negative attitude towards the existing social or political conditions. They place the individual at the center of art. The key words of English Romanticism are nature and imagination. English Romantic Period officially began with the publication of Lyrical Ballads by Wordsworth and Coleridge.Critical Realism:Critical realism is one of the literary trends that flourished mainly in the 19th century. The great critical realists described the chief traits of the society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint. They often start with a powerful exposure of the ugliness of the bourgeois world in theirworks,but end their novels usually with happy endings or an impotent compromise.Dramatic Monologue:Dramatic monologue in poetry, also known as a persona poem, refers to a lyric poem in which a speaker addresses himself to one or several listeners who don’t reply. Such poems not only tell stories but also reveal the personality of each character. Modernism: an international literary trend, prevailed in the main Western capitalist countries from 1890 to 1950. 1.This literary trend reveals a breaking away from established rules, traditions and conventions.2. The modernist works express the crisis of Western culture and thethought of innovation and stress on expressing the inner world of people. 3.The major representatives of modernism in English literature include T. S. Eliot, W. B. Yeats, James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, etc.Metafiction:refers to a fiction about fiction or about making a fiction. On the one hand, it tells the reader the story, on the other hand, it tells the reader how the story is made.Stream of consciousness:The style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character’s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them.1.C2.B3.C4.A5.A.6.C.7.B.8.A.9.B 10.B. 11.B. 12. A 13.A14.C 15.B16.B 17.B 18.A 19.D 20. D 21.C 22.D23.D 24.A 25.D 26.A 27. B 28.C 29.C 30.D。

英国文学复习资料全

英国文学复习资料全Pre-Renaissance periodBeowulf : the first English national epicI. The position of the Beowulf:the first English national epicII.The story: (to simply narrate it )Beowulf←→ Grendel and his motherBeowulf←→ Fire dragonIII. Its artistic features1. I t’s a 3183-line verse written in true epic style and in Old English;2. the most evident feature: the use of alliteration; (refer to the history of literature By Liu Bingshan,)3. to use compound-words to serve as metaphors;4. the use of understatements: the impression and a color of humor.△5. the mixing of pagan elements with Christian colouring.Geoffrey ChaucerI. life :1. He was born in a wine merchant family in 1340;2. His early life as a page and his marriage acquainted him with knowledge about upper class;3.he was buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the “Poets Corner” . II. His Work: The Canterbury TalesThe Canterbury TalesThe General Prologue...The PrioressThere was also a Nun, a Prioress,Whose name was gentle and full of guilelessness. “By St. Loy!” was the worst oath she would say. She sang mass well, in a becoming way,Intoning through her nose the words divine,And she was known as Madam Eglantine.She spoke good French, as taught at Stratford-Bow For the Parisian French she did not know.She was schooled to eat so primly and so well That from her lips no morsel ever fell.She wet her fingers lightly in the dishOf sauce, for courtesy was her first wish.With every bite she did her skillful bestTo see that no drop fell upon her breast.She always wiped her upper lip so cleanThat in her cup was never to be seenA hint of grease when she had drunk her share, She reached out for her meat with comely air. She was a great delight, and always triedTo imitate court ways, and had her pride,Both amiable and gracious in her dealings.As for her charity and tender feelings,She melted at whatever was piteous.She would weep if she but came upon a mouse Caught in a trap, if it were dead of bleeding. Some little dogs that took pleasure feedingOn roasted meat or milk or good wheat breadShe had, but how she wept to find one deadOr yelping from a blow that made it smart,And all was sympathy and loving heart.Neat was her wimple in its every plait,Her nose well formed, her eyes as gray as slate.Her mouth was very small and soft and red.She had so wide a brow I think her headWas nearly a span broad, for certainlyShe was not undergrown, as all could see.She wore her cloak with dignity and charm,And had her rosary about her arm,The small beads coral and the larger green,And from them hung a brooch of golden sheen,On it a large A and a crown above;Beneath, “all things are subject unto love.”I. Questions for discussion:1.What is the tone of the setting? How did the author achieve such settingof the tales?2.Summarize the character of the Prioress in this Prologue.3.To analyze Chaucer’s ways of characterization in this Prologue andthe language style of the selected part.II. To illustrate the terms.Heroic couplet: A two-line section of a poem, which rhymes and has five feet each in iambic meter(also termed as iambic pentameter ), and which has a meaning complete within itself.Example: The veins are bathed in li quor of such powerAs brings about the engen dering of the flower,(抑抑扬)ATT: For the convenience of the interpretation for the foot, some words are detached.Foot: A group of syllables forming a unit of verse, usually one foot contains at least one stressed word, or contains one stressedword and one or more than one unstressed words.III. Social significance of The Canterbury Tales (also function as a simple analysis)1.The Canterbury is not only a collection of stories strung by loosethread.(1) To affirm men and women’s right to pursue their happiness;(2) To oppose the dogma of asceticism;(3) To praise man’s energy, intellect and love of life.2.This work exposed the evil of time(1) the degeneration of the noble;(2) the heartless of judge;(3) the corruption of churchIV. Chaucer’s achievements in and contribution to English literature1.He is one of the earliest literary talents who embody humanism.2.Father of English poetry(1)the first great poet who wrote in English language;(2)introduced rhymed five accents in iambic meter to English poetry(heroic couplet)3.Founder of English realismThe prologue supplies a miniature of then English society (ways of narrating the stories and different social status of these pilgrims).4.His excellent works contribute a lot to establish English as theliterary language of the country. (set an example for thepoets of later generation )5.He made London dialect as the standard for the modern English speech.Renaissance PeriodWilliam ShakespeareI. Life1. born of trader family in Stratford-on-Avon in 1564, and his family got into financial troubles;2. Fail to finish formal schooling for the reason of financial difficulties, he left for London.II. Shakespeare the dramatistHis plays are poetical dramas, most of which are written in blank verse which was created one of the famous university wits, Christopher Marlow. His career as a dramatist may be divided into three (or four) periods: (to be lectured later)Hamlet●The Monologue：To be: to exist, to live, to passively accept, to suffer;Not to be: to die, to take action to fight against fate.That is the question: this shows Hamlet confronted with both body and moral dilemma: whether to suffer passively or to take action to fight.◆three rea sons for his dilemma:1.He receives Stoic philosophy: Forbearance is the noblest(顺从是最高的美德).Ciceronian philosophy: Duty is most important.These two views of philosophy are quite contradictory for Hamlet. (to interpret in depth )2.Religious reason: fear of after-life. (as obviously shown in this monologue: to die, to sleep)3. Odepus complex (commonly called mother complex): this view was put forward by some critic, which conducted a psychological analysis based on the Freudian philosophy. (to simply narrate the origin of this complex.)Points worthy of notice and interpretation in the monologue the slings and arrows (a metaphor, ): attackTo die, to sleep (analogy)no more: to exist no moreheartache: spiritual painnatural shocks: physical pain and sufferingconsummation: final settlementdevoutly to be wished : to be passionately wishedperchance: perhapsay: yesrub: difficultyshuffled off: get rid ofmortal coil: trouble of mortal life, coil: bodypause: hinderrespect: consideration, thinkingwhips and scorns of time: the beat and sneer in the word we live in. wrong: ill treatmentContumely: despisingPangs: sharp painspurns that patient merit of th’ unworthy takes: kicks that a personof merit takes from the unworthy.Fardels: (archaic word) burdensA weary life: a burdensome lifeBut that : unlessConscience: reflection, consciousnessIs sicklied over :is covered withPale cast: sickly cover, sickly colorThought: anxious thought or melancholy thoughtEnterprise: the great causePith and moment: importanceWith this regard: on this account, for this reasonTheir current turn awry: change the directionAction: here refers to “take arms against the fate”Questions for discussion:Give thorough consideration to the whole play and the monologue we have covered, and answer these questions:1.What is the use of the spirit of Hamlet’s father in the developmentof dramatic plot ?2.What is the use of his father’s spirit in the development of Hamlet’s character?3.To analyze Hamlet’s character?4.To analyze th e change of Hamlet’s attitude for Ophellia, what arethe reasons for the change?◆ Any other question concerning this play you want to put forward and explain. Welcome to speak your mind!III. Shakespeare the poet1. His sonnet (a general introduction about all 154 sonnets):Sonnet XVIIIPre-reading task:。