专四听写材料50篇[1]

1．Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what t ime you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will alwa ys get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have nev er seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to diffe rent places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would no t be discovered for weeks or even months.2．A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have i ts full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls l eft school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. How ever, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to i t. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after tha t age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwa rds return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relat ionship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties a nd satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equ ally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities a nd interests of each of them.1. life-pattern生活方式2. share3．A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching wha t the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or au tumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens a long the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept f lower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and some times baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or somethin g growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.1. window box:窗台上的花盆箱2.pastime 消遣，娱乐4.British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common point s between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time. Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them. The first difference is that a policeman’s real life de als with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually wh at actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in cour t. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to p ut it into practice on his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with b eautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.1. think much of 重视，尊重2. in court 在法庭上3. criminal 罪犯，犯罪者4. guilty 犯罪的，有罪的5.Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effe cts of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavi or of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditi ons become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.6.The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was ca lled the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the General Asse mbly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an eq ual vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Rus sia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two yea rs by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep pea ce in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.1. representative 代表2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的，持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会7.PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from pla stic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1 860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned eas ily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural g as.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear. Some are many-col ored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experime nt with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them!8.Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more?Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar an d tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so custom ers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In t his way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need. Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley. More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a t en-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are h alf empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them becau se they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there.1. aisle 走廊，过道2. trolley 手推车3. checkout 收款台9.Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father owned a factory that ma de electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jew ish but they did not observe many of the religion’s ru les. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle al ways pointed in the same direction—to be north. He asked his father and his un cle what caused the needle to move. Their answers about magnetism and gravity w ere difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking ab out them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.1. device 装置，设备leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。