金融英语测试题自测-打印版

第一章：1、equity（股本）2、financial system3、portfolio（投资组合）4、bond5、stock1.another way for Intel to raise funds to build a new semi-conductor factory is to sell stock in thecompany. Stock represents ownership in a firm and is, therefore a claim to the profits that the firm makes. For example, if Intel sells a total of 1000000 shares of stocks, then share represents ownership of 1/1000000 of the business2. A mutual fund is an institution that sells shares to the public and uses the proceeds to buy aselection, or portfolio, of various types of stocks, bonds, or both stocks and bonds. The shareholder of the mutual fund accepts all the risks and returns associated with the portfolio.If the value of the portfolio rises, the shareholder benefits, if the value of the portfolio falls, the shareholder suffers the loss.第二章：1、commodity money2、fiate money3、bank note4、Treasury Bill5、money supplyMost countries today have an “independent” central bank, that is, one which operates under rules designed to prevent political interference. Examples include the European Central Bank, the US Federal Reserve, the Reserve Bank of Australia, the Reserve Bank of India, the Bank of England, the Bank of Canada, etc. Some central banks are publicly owned, and others are, in theory, privately owned. In practice, there is little difference between public and private ownership, since in the latter case almost all profit of the bank are paid to the government either as a tax or a transfer to the government.Central banks implement a country’s chosen monetary policy. At the most basic level, this involves establishing what form of currency the country may have, whether a fiat currency, gold-backed currency ( disallowed for countries with membership of the IMF ), currency board or a currency union. When a country has its own national currency, this involves the issue of some form of standardized currency, which is essentially a form of promissory note: a promise to exchange the note for “money” under certain circumstances.第三章：Interest rateInflationmonetary policyFederal Reserve ActDiscount loanSerious disagreements existed over whether the central bank should be a private bank or a government institution. Because of the heated debates on these issues, a compromise was struck. In American tradition, Congress wrote an elaborate system of checks and balances into the Federal Reserve Act of 1913, which created the Federal Reserve System with its 12 regional Federal Reserve Banks.All national banks (commercial banks chartered by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency) are required to be members of the Federal Reserve System. Commercial banks chartered by the states are not required to be members, but they can choose to join. Currently, around one third of the commercial banks in the United Stated are members of the Federal Reserve System, having declined from a peak figure of 49% in 1947.第四章：Exchange rateConsolidationpayment and settlement systemChina Banking Regulatory Commissiondeposit insurance在国务院的领导下，中国人民银行依法独立实施货币政策、履行人行职能、开展人行业务，其决策不受地方政府、各级政府部门、公共组织或者任何个人的影响Faced with the complicated and severe economic situation both at home and abroad, in line with the changing situation, the PBC, under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, resolutely studied and implemented the scientific development approach, earnestly fulfilled its responsibilities as the central bank, responded promptly to the intense impact of the international financial crisis, pressed ahead with developing the coordination mechanism for financial regulation, strengthened the monitoring and assessment of financial risks, speeded up the designing of the deposit insurance system, enhanced the central bank asset management, promoted healthy development of wealth management products, and effectively maintained financial stability and safety.第五章：P/E ratioStock exchangeP/B ratioListH-sharesThrough public listing, the aforementioned four banks have established market-oriented capital supply mechanism, standardized information disclosure, and strengthened restrictions on the performance of senior management. So, the capital market played an increasingly prominent role in establishing efficient operation mechanism of modern financial enterprises. In addition, the consecutive listing of BOC and ICBC on the A share market also enhanced the overall investment value on the market.In 2006, relevant authorities conducted further feasibility studies on the shareholding reform scheme of ABC, taking into the consideration of building new socialist countryside and making the master plan for rural area financial reforms. Financial administration authorities have taken measures to urge ABC to manage its credit risks.第六章：clientcreditrisk managementtrust fundgrantIBRD raises most of its funds on the world’s financial markets and has become one of the most established borrowers since issuing its first bond 1947. The income that IBRD has generated over the years has allowed it to fund development activities and to ensure its financial strength, which enables it to borrow at low cost and offer clients good borrowing terms.IDA’s long-term, no-interest loans pay for programs that build the policies, institutions, infrastructure and human capital needed for equitable and environmentally sustainable development. IDA’s goal is to reduce inequalities both across and within countries by allowing more people to participate in the mainstream economy, reducing poverty and promoting more equal access to the opportunities created by economic growth.第七章：quotaoutstanding loanexchange ratefiscal yearbalance of paymentMore generally, the IFM is responsible for ensuring the stability of the international monetary and financial system—the system of international payments and exchange rates among national currencies that enables trade to take place between counties. The Fund seeks to promote economic stability and prevent crises, to help resolve crises when they do occur, and to promote growth and alleviate poverty. It employs three main functions—surveillance, technical assistance, and lending—to meet these objectives.Surveillance is the regular dialog and policy advice that the IMF offices to each of its members. On a regular basis—usually once each year, the Fund conducts in-depth appraisals of each membercountry’s economic situation. It discusses with the country’s authorities the policies that are most conducive to stable exchange rates and a growing and prosperous economy. Members have the option to publish the Fund’s assessment, and the overwhelming majority of countries opt for transparency, making extensive information on bilateral surveillance acailable to the public.第八章time depositdemand depositcheckable depositrepurchase agreementEurodollarTo define money merely as currency is much too narrow, because checks are also accepted as payment for purchases, and checking account deposits are considered money as well. An even broader definition of money is often needed because other items, such as savings deposits, can in effect function as money if they can be quickly and easily converted into currency or checking account deposits.回购协议，金融机构或大公司从银行购买国库券，并同意在将来某个时间以约定的价格，包括利息，再卖回给银行。