系统班英语讲义答案

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【2020新课标三年级起点】五年级升六年级英语秋季系统班

【2020新课标三年级起点】五年级升六年级英语秋季系统班课程大纲•第1周o How can I get there? 城市指南—询问位置&谈论如何去某地9月4日周五18:30上课开学典礼暨课程导学刘佳18:30-18:50How can I get there? 城市指南—询问位置&谈论如何去某地刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第2周o How can I get there? 城市指南—综合能力训练9月11日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】How can I get there? 城市指南—询问位置&谈论如何去某地班主任老师18:30-18:50How can I get there? 城市指南—综合能力训练刘佳测与答疑•第3周o Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—谈论出行方式&交通规则9月18日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】How can I get there? 城市指南—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—谈论出行方式&交通规则刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第4周o Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—综合能力训练9月25日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—谈论出行方式&交通规则班主任老师18:30-18:50Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—综合能力训练刘佳测与答疑•第5周o My weekend plan 我的周末计划—be going to & 谈论计划10月9日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】Ways to go to school 多样的交通工具—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50My weekend plan 我的周末计划—be going to & 谈论计划刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第6周o My weekend plan 我的周末计划—综合能力训练10月16日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】My weekend plan 我的周末计划—be going to & 谈论计划班主任老师18:30-18:50My weekend plan 我的周末计划—综合能力训练刘佳测与答疑•第7周o阶段性复习10月23日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】My weekend plan 我的周末计划—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50阶段性复习刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第8周o I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—谈论爱好&一般疑问句10月30日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】阶段性复习班主任老师18:30-18:50I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—谈论爱好&一般疑问句刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第9周o I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—综合能力训练11月6日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—谈论爱好&一般疑问句班主任老师18:30-18:50I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—综合能力训练刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第10周o What does he do? 职业畅想曲—谈论职业&工作地点11月13日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】I have a pen pal 我的书信朋友—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50What does he do? 职业畅想曲—谈论职业&工作地点刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第11周o What does he do? 职业畅想曲—综合能力训练11月20日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】What does he do? 职业畅想曲—谈论职业&工作地点班主任老师18:30-18:50What does he do? 职业畅想曲—综合能力训练刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第12周o How do you feel? 心情树洞—表达情感&关心他人11月27日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】What does he do? 职业畅想曲—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50How do you feel? 心情树洞—表达情感&关心他人刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第13周o How do you feel? 心情树洞—综合能力训练12月4日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】How do you feel? 心情树洞—表达情感&关心他人班主任老师How do you feel? 心情树洞—综合能力训练刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第14周o阶段性复习12月11日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】How do you feel? 心情树洞—综合能力训练班主任老师18:30-18:50阶段性复习刘佳19:00-19:40 核心课19:40-19:50 课间休息19:50-20:30 核心课20:30-20:45 出门测与答疑•第15周12月18日周五18:30上课【课前回顾】阶段性复习班主任老师18:30-18:50秋季结课测评（六年级）结课测评讲解暨毕业典礼刘佳19:45-20:25。

2019-2020新课堂英语选修七北师大版讲义：Unit 21 Period 1 Word版含答案

Period One Warm－up & Lesson 1Super AthletesⅠ.单词自测1．digest v t.消化；n.摘要；概要；文摘；汇编2．swap v i.交换3．supreme adj.(程度)最大的，极度的4．abuse v t.滥用5．tolerate v t.容忍6．fundamental adj.根本的；基础的7．doubtful adj.怀疑的，不肯定的doubt v t.&n.怀疑8．seek v t.寻找9．annual adj.每年的，年度的10．lame adj.站不住脚的，不易令人相信的11．compulsory adj.强制性的，义务的12．controversial adj.有争议的13．oppose v t.反对opposed adj.反对的14．contradict v t.与(其他事物)相矛盾contradiction n．矛盾15．violate v t.违反，违背Ⅱ.短语自测1．in_silence沉默地；无声地2．out_of_breath上气不接下气3．year_after_year年复一年4．slow_down减速5．come_across偶然碰到6．in_vain徒然，白费力气7．at_random随便地，随意地8．at_all_costs不惜一切代价，无论如何1．These drugs are originally developed to help people with illnesses，but in the wrong hands，they create supreme athletes making_them_faster_and_stronger than is normal for human beings.这些药物被开发原本是用来帮助有疾病的人们，但一旦用于歧途，它们会创造出比常人更快、更强的超级运动员。

自考英语(上)讲义和课后答案

目录Unit 1 (1)Unit 2 (7)Unit3 (10)Unit 4 (14)Unit 5 (18)Unit 6 (23)Unit 7 (26)Unit 8 (31)Unit 9 (37)Unit 10 (42)Unit 11 (48)Unit 12 (53)Unit 13 (59)Unit 14 (63)Unit 15 (69)Unit 16 (75)Unit 17 (81)Unit 18 (86)Unit 19 (92)Unit 20 (97)Unit 21 (102)Unit 22 (107)Unit 23 (112)Unit 24 (116)Unit 25 (121)Unit 1第一部分 Text A【课文译文】怎样成为一名成功的语言学习者“学习一门语言很容易，即使小孩也能做得到。

”大多数正在学习第二语言的成年人会不同意这种说法。

对他们来说，学习一门语言是非常困难的事情。

他们需要数百小时的学习与练习，即使这样也不能保证每个成年语言学习者都能学好。

语言学习不同于其它方面的学习。

许多人很聪明，在自己的领域很成功，但他们却发现很难学好一门语言。

相反，一些人学习语言很成功，但却发现很难在其他领域有所成就。

语言教师常常向语言学习者提出建议：“要用新的语言尽量多阅读”，“每天练习说这种语言”，“与说这种语言的人住在一起”，“不要翻译——尽量用这种新的语言去思考”，“要像孩子学语言一样去学习新语言”，“放松地去学习语言。

”然而，成功的语言学习者是怎样做的呢?语言学习研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面都有相似之处。

首先，成功的语言学习者独立学习。

他们不依赖书本和老师，而且能找到自己学习语言的方法。

他们不是等待老师来解释，而是自己尽力去找到语言的句式和规则。

他们寻找线索并由自己得出结论，从而做出正确的猜测。

如果猜错，他们就再猜一遍。

他们都努力从错误中学习。

成功的语言学习是一种主动的学习。

因此，成功的语言学习者不是坐等时机而是主动寻找机会来使用语言。

本源英语词汇系统班

本源英语词汇系统班
欢迎来到本源英语词汇系统班！在这个课程中，我们将带你全面
了解和掌握英语词汇的基本规律、背诵技巧和扩展方法。

通过系统学
习和实践，你将能够大幅提升自己的词汇量，更自信地应对各种语言
交际场景。

在本课程中，我们将按照以下步骤进行：
第一步：了解词汇系统的重要性
在词汇学习的过程中，我们需要认识到词汇是语言的基石，是语
言运用的核心。

通过了解词汇系统的作用和价值，我们将更有动力去
掌握和扩展自己的词汇量。

第二步：学习词汇规律和归纳方法
词汇并非孤立存在，而是有一定规律可循的。

我们将学习如何从
各种语言资源中找到这些规律，并掌握归纳分类的方法。

通过这些技巧，你将能够事半功倍地背诵和记忆大量的词汇。

第三步：掌握词汇扩展的技巧和策略
在词汇系统班中，我们将学习如何通过前缀、后缀、派生词等方
式扩展词汇量。

这些技巧可以帮助你更好地理解和使用生词，并提高
你的阅读和写作能力。

第四步：系统复习和实践运用
学习词汇不仅需要掌握一定的方法和技巧，更需要不断地复习和
实践。

在本源英语词汇系统班中，我们将为你提供复习和应用的机会，确保你对所学内容有深刻的理解和灵活的运用。

本课程适用于各个英语学习阶段的学生，不论你是初学者还是已
经具备一定英语基础的学生，我们都将根据你的实际水平提供相应的
教学内容和练习。

通过学习本源英语词汇系统班，相信你将能够轻松掌握英语词汇，提升自己的语言表达能力，为未来的学习和职业发展打下坚实的基础。

祝你在词汇学习的道路上取得丰硕的成果！。

2019-2020新课堂英语选修八北师大版讲义：Unit 22-2 Word版含答案

Period Two Lesson 2Endangered SpeciesⅠ.单词自测1．tortoise n．(陆)龟2．mainland n．大陆3．hook n．钩子，钩4．seize v t.依法没收；(用武力)夺取5．behalf n．代表Ⅱ.短语自测1．apart_from除……以外2．answer_for (对已产生的不良后果)负责任3．in_terms_of就……而言4．call_for_an_end_to_sth.要求结束……5．or_else否则，不然6．wrap_up结束7．on_sb.'s_behalf代表……8．for_good永远9．carry_off掠去，夺走10．all_in_all总的来说1．To_save_these_beautiful_animals，we need to call for an end to illegal hunting and improve our conservation programmes or else face a future without tigers.为了拯救这些可爱的动物，我们需呼吁停止非法捕猎，改善我们的保护措施，否则我们将面对没有老虎的未来。

2．Well，all in all，if we help protect these animals and spread the news about conservation，we_will_be_doing_our_bit...嗯，总的来说，如果我们帮助保护这些动物，并且传播动物保护的信息，我们将会尽一份力量……Every year police seize bags of tiger parts and arrest illegal hunters but sadly ，many never get caught.警方每年都会缴获大量的虎制品，逮捕非法的狩猎者，但不幸的是，很多未被抓到。

【2020新课标·一年级起点】三年级升四年级英语暑期系统班

【2020新课标·一年级起点】三年级升四年级英语暑期系统班课程大纲•第1天o My Weekend我的周末-谈论经常做某事/be good at的用法7月25日周六09:30上课开学典礼暨课程导学李玥09:30-09:50My Weekend我的周末-谈论经常做某事/be good at的用法李玥10:00-11:30•第2天o My Weekend我的周末-听力口语技能7月26日周日09:30上课【课前回顾】My Weekend我的周末-谈论经常做某事/be good at的用法班主任老师09:30-09:50My Weekend我的周末-听力口语技能李玥10:00-11:30•第3天o Transportation交通方式-谈论出行方式/there be的否定形式7月27日周一09:30上课【课前回顾】My Weekend我的周末-听力口语技能班主任老师09:30-09:50Transportation交通方式-谈论出行方式/there be的否定形式李玥10:00-11:30•第4天o Transportation交通方式-阅读写作技能7月28日周二09:30上课【课前回顾】Transportation交通方式-谈论出行方式/there be的否定形式班主任老师09:30-09:50Transportation交通方式-阅读写作技能李玥10:00-11:30•第5天o Jobs不同的职业-谈论职业和工作地7月29日周三09:30上课【课前回顾】Transportation交通方式-阅读写作技能班主任老师09:30-09:50Jobs不同的职业-谈论职业和工作地李玥10:00-11:30•第6天o Jobs不同的职业-听力口语技能7月30日周四09:30上课【课前回顾】Jobs不同的职业-谈论职业和工作地班主任老师09:30-09:50Jobs不同的职业-听力口语技能李玥10:00-11:30•第7天7月31日周五09:30上课【课前回顾】Jobs不同的职业-听力口语技能班主任老师09:30-09:50暑期结课测评（四年级）10:00-10:40结课测评讲解暨毕业典礼李玥10:45-11:25。

2025人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义--语法专题答案精析

2025人教版高考英语一轮复习讲义语法专题专题一复杂多变的动词第1讲谓语动词考点精讲一对点练习1 1.will tell 2.is 3.hired对点练习2 1.was playing 2.will be playing 3.am filling对点练习3 1.had learned/learnt had said 2.have told3．had expected对点练习4 1.has been writing 2.would be would change解题技法1．were stewing 2.took/should take 3.have been 4.will miss考点精讲二对点练习 1.has been recognized 2.is being repaired 3.is regarded 4.to blame解题技法1．is designed 2.reading 3.consists 4.been carried考点精讲三对点练习 1.gives 2.is 3.is are 4.were 5.has caused6．is解题技法1．were 2.reminds 3.is考点精讲四对点练习 1.might not 2.can’t 3.can’t 4.could5．couldn’t 6.should7.mustn’t 8.shall9.must10．needn’t解题技法1．could 2.have scolded考点精讲五对点练习 1.had been 2.(should)be settled 3.would have arrived 4.had taken 5.had解题技法1．wouldn’t be 2.would stop 3.(should)get 4.focused考点分层演练层级一1．was working 2.have kept 3.had sunk 4.have been made5．was brought 6.is being taken 7.will be distributed8．is designed9.was listed10.have become层级二1．be employed 2.means 3.have promised 4.was fixing 5.threw 6.was built7.connects 8.had been offered9．will deliver/will be delivering10.are being displayed层级三Passage11．was established 2.built 3.consisted 4.were replaced 5.(were)kept 6.understood7.have tried/have been trying8．to save9.(are)watched10.are playingPassage21．needn’t 2.danced 3.can 4.did/should do 5.will6．(should)not allow7.must8.didn’t wear9.shall10．should语法链接写作1．Though I felt a little sorry that you left China last year，I am pleased to know you are leading a happy life in your hometown.2．If you are available next Sunday，I will wait for you at the school gate and I’m sure we will have a good time together.3．It can easily be seen that the percentage of students who choose listening to English songs and watching English movies is respectively65%and50%.4．(1)If I hadn’t read the newspaper Youth，I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English.(2)In a word，it is high time that we should raise/raised our awareness of environmental protection.(3)It is required that anyone who wants to participate should arrive at the lecture hall on time to watch the movie and take part in the discussion.(4)But for/Without her help and professional instruction，I couldn’t have made such great progress in English study.5．From the learning experience，I fully understand that only by practicing a lot can we overcome many kinds of difficulties.第2讲非谓语动词考点精讲一对点练习 1.to have 2.carried 3.having completed 4.to have been robbed 5.being settled考点精讲二对点练习 1.to walk cated 3.forming 4.thinking5．getting 6.encouraging考点精讲三对点练习 1.being discussed 2.to support 3.marked4．living考点精讲四对点练习 1.making 2.to teach 3.permitting pleted 5.absorbed考点精讲五对点练习 1.smoking 2.delivered 3.to process解题策略1．Knowing 2.Being offered 3.to have received 4.Having been shown 5.making考点分层演练层级一1．being charged 2.applied 3.desiring 4.to be cheered5．Having suffered 6.absorbed 7.associated8.to master9．driven10.putting层级二1．borrowing intended 2.built 3.Having visited recording4．to continue 5.to journey 6.held7.planning8.To strengthen inviting9.Covering10.to see层级三1．Going 2.are 3.refreshed 4.amazing 5.gets 6.astonished7.wondering8.to put 9.aching10.to visit语法链接写作1．Persuading him into accepting my views was impossible，so I didn’t want to waste my time discussing.2．(1)Hearing of the unexpected news，she was so surprised that she froze with her mouth wide open.(2)Worn out，David reached the finishing line and all the students cheered for him.3．To learn English more efficiently，you had better choose the Listening and Speaking course. 4．Having sold out all the popcorn，they decided to call it a day and go home.专题二需要变形的名词、数词、形容词和副词第1讲名词考点精讲一对点练习 1.championships 2.activities 3.weaknesses4．passersby 5.heroes 6.barber’s考点精讲二对点练习 1.Word word 2.experiences experience 3.a/考点精讲三对点练习 1.arrival 2.invitation 3.responsibility 4.marriage 5.accuracy解题策略1．requirement professions 2.pollution 3.conditions4．dishes第2讲数词对点练习 1.thirteenth 2.thirds 3.ninth 4.twenties5．thousands解题技法1．second 2.has been polluted 3.fifth第3讲形容词和副词考点精讲一对点练习 1.personal 2.disappointed 3.amazing 4.hungry 5.highly 6.officially 7.Luckily8.terribly考点精讲二对点练习 1.more 2.wider 3.biggest 4.faster 5.as/so解题策略1．smaller 2.tasty 3.finest 4.gently考点分层演练层级一1．carrots 2.achievement 3.intention 4.fifties 5.twelfth6．third7.industrial8.surprising rgest10.widely层级二1．sixth 2.Different 3.warning 4.remarkable 5.rarely6．visiting7.interviews 8.Basically9.photographer10．meaningful层级三1．dynastic 2.classes 3.originally 4.closer 5.wealthy6．beautifully7.spacious 8.simpler/more simple9.cultural10.events语法链接写作1．When it comes to ocean，it’s of great importance to the world；however，its pollution is becoming more and more serious.2．Last weekend，I participated in a“Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”activity organised by our Student Council with curiosity.3．(1)As you know，the more people are involved，the better the ocean environment is.(2)Nothing is more important than my teacher’s encouragement.Without it，I couldn’t have won the prize.专题三不可忽视的小词第1讲冠词考点精讲一对点练习 1.a 2.an 3.a 4.a考点精讲二对点练习 1.the 2.the 3.the 4.The 5.The考点精讲三解题策略1．a 2.the第2讲代词考点精讲一对点练习 1.himself 2.our 4.it 5.it 6.It考点精讲二对点练习 1.other 2.another 3.none 4.neither 5.one解题策略1．mine 2.their 3.herself 4.it第3讲介词对点练习 1.on 2.with 3.by 4.in 5.for 6.on解题技法1．by 2.for 3.in考点分层演练层级一1．an 2.the 3.the 4.his 5.them 6.myself7.it8．their9.on10.like层级二1．the 2.as 3.to 4.by 5.a 6.the7.by8.its9.the10．neither层级三1．a 2.their 3.of 4.for 5.with 6.a7.them8.her9.the10.by语法链接写作1．Because I am attracted by the contents，reading Youth becomes a must for me every day. 2．It was exciting to learn that I had gained first prize and an award ceremony would be held in three days.3．Although online learning makes it easier for people to gain knowledge，being online is also a challenge for people who lack selfdiscipline.4．Eventually，because of my persistence and painstaking efforts，I could skate freely all by myself.专题四三大从句与特殊句式第1讲定语从句考点精讲一对点练习 1.which/that 2.whose 3.is 4.As 5.that6．which考点精讲二对点练习 1.when 2.where 3.which 4.why考点精讲三对点练习 1.which 2.whom 3.them 4.which解题策略1．which/that 2.where 3.who/that 4.whose 5.As考点分层演练层级一1．which 2.where 3.who 4.where 5.who/that 6.when7．whose8.As9.why 10.whom层级二1．which/that 2.where 3.who/that 4.who 5.that6．that7.where8.whose9.which/that 10.where层级三1．when 2.why 3.where 4.whose 5.whom 6.that/which7.who8.which9.which 10.As语法链接写作1．运用1Confucius，also known as Kong Qiu，was a Chinese philosopher and politician who lived during the Spring and Autumn Period.运用2World Ocean Day which/that falls on June8th is aimed at raising people’s awareness of ocean conservation.2．First，you’ll be shown around our school and have lunch at a local restaurant，where you can have a taste of authentic Chinese food.3．For students，what is most beneficial to their study is reading English books，from which they can learn what they can’t in class.4．To begin with，I suggest organizing a walking tour around the city to explore the green spaces in Beijing，which will allow participants to experience the beauty of the city’s parks.第2讲名词性从句对点练习 1.why 2.what 3.how 4.that 5.that6．whether解题技法1．What 2.how 3.whoever 4.where 5.whether/if考点分层演练层级一1．whether 2.why 3.how 4.what/whatever 5.where6．that7.What8.when9.who 10.because层级二1．why 2.whether/if 3.how 4.where 5.what 6.why/that7.what8.whether/if9.what 10.that层级三1．What 2.that 3.whether 4.why 5.How 6.who7．that8.that9.when10.because 语法链接写作1．What surprised me was that my dad allowed me to use the money as I wished.2．No one can deny the fact that online learning is becoming more and more popular.3．I’m sorry that I can’t go out with you as planned.The reason is that my younger brother broke his leg the other day and I must look after him.4．The exhibition is fantastic and shows the charm of Chinese culture.This is why I would like to recommend my fellow students to attend this art show as well.5．I recommend that you(should)choose the Listening and Speaking course，because the course is entirely taught in Chinese，which will benefit you a lot.第3讲并列句和状语从句考点精讲一对点练习 1.while 2.when 3.or 4.but/yet 5.so考点精讲二对点练习 1.until 2.before 3.than 4.before 5.since考点精讲三对点练习 1.if 2.Wherever 3.as/though 4.that 5.because/as 6.that7.though/if8.how 解题策略1．and 2.While 3.because 4.before考点分层演练层级一1．that 2.because/as 3.but 4.and 5.when 6.while7．if8.though/although9.until/till 10.whatever层级二1．and 2.but/yet 3.or 4.because 5.whether 6.until/till7．or8.When/As9.if/though 10.unless层级三1．who/that 2.than 3.visiting 4.when 5.While/Though/Although 6.but7.higher8.If 9.for10.but语法链接写作1．Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food，but it also maintains the balance of nature. 2．Come to the exhibition，and you will enjoy a visual feast.3．So difficult and painful for me was writing that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the Titanic by acting out a play，where I played all the parts.4．We were looking for a place to put up the tent when Mother told us that she had forgotten to take it.5．Not until yesterday was I informed that our class was going to hold an important meeting this weekend—exactly the time when we shall meet.第4讲特殊句式考点精讲一对点练习 1.and 2.What 3.that考点精讲二对点练习 1.live 2.as/though 3.did 4.are 5.did考点精讲三对点练习 1.expected 2.writing 3.dealt 4.to make解题策略1．are 2.that考点分层演练层级一1．that 2.Sitting 3.warned 4.were 5.that 6.If层级二1．that 2.Were 3.that 4.did 5.came层级三1．a 2.that 3.without 4.continuing 5.permission6．logical7.were said8.further 9.Inspired10.whose语法链接写作1．What a fantastic Chinese painting show it is!2．“Hurry up，or the bear will catch up with us，”said Elli.3．It was at that festival that you shared so many interesting things about your country. 4．Only when all the people make their efforts to protect the ocean will the ocean environment become better and better.5．So happy was Bernard that he gave John a big hug.6．In the backyard were two happy dogs tumbling about on the grassland.。

2019-2020新课堂英语选修八北师大版讲义：Unit 24-1 Word版含答案

More Money，More Smiles?Money can't buy happiness，right? Well，not true.According to a recent article in The Wall Street Journal，over the past few years，new research has given us a much deeper understanding of the relationship between what we earn and how we feel.The results may seem a bit obvious: Yes，people with higher incomes are，broadly speaking，happier than those who struggle to get by.But the research also shows you have to spend strategically if you expect those bank notes to put a smile on your face.Here are some ways to better spend your money：1．In a recently published study，Ryan Howell，associate professor of psychology at San Francisco State University in the US，found that when people don't have much money to spare，they tend to stick to material goods.“People think that experiences are only going to provide temporary happiness，”he told The Wall Street Journal in an interview.“...but they actually provide both more happiness and more lasting value.”2．No matter how much money you spend on something and how special that product is，you will get used to having it over time and it will become just another object.People adapt to having new stuff，and anything that disrupts1 that adaptation is likely to prolong2 happiness，says an Atlantic article.Buying small things can give us frequent small pleasures that are different each time they occur，as they forestall3 adaptation.3．Elizabeth Dunn，associate professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia in Canada，found that in countries as diverse as Canada，South Africa and Uganda，giving away money consistently made people happier.This was even true when people were giving away even when they themselves were relatively poor.4．It's also important to consider how what you're buying will affect how you spend your time.For example，that big house in the suburbs may seem like a good idea，but according to TheWall Street Journal，a 2004 study by researchers from University of Zurich in Switzerland found that people with longer commutes4 reported lower overall life satisfaction，all other things being equal.Notes1．disrupt v．干扰2．prolong v．延长3．forestall v．领先4．commute n．通勤TaskChoose the suitable heading for each paragraph.(There is one extra answer you don't need.) A．Buy what you like.B．Be sure to buy time，too.C．Buy experiences，not stuff.D．Try giving it away.E．Buy lots of small things，rather than one big thing.答案CDEAPeriod One Warm-up & Lesson 1Consumer SocietyⅠ.单词自测1．homelessness n．无家可归homeless adj.无家可归的2．inequality n．不平等equality n．平等3．voluntary adj.自愿的voluntarily ad v.自愿地volunteer v．自愿做；n.志愿者4．abundant adj.大量的，充裕的，丰富的abundantly ad v.大量地abundance n．充裕，丰富5．deposit v t.，v i.存储，储蓄；n.存款；押金，保证金6．signature n．签名sign v．签名；打手势；n.招牌；迹象；符号7．govern v t.统治，管理government n．政府8．accumulate v．积累accumulative adj.累积的，逐渐增加的accumulation n．积累9．burden n．重担，负担10．rag n．破旧衣服11．vacant adj.未住人的，空置的12．adjustment n．调整，调节adjust v i.调整，调节adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的13．diverse adj.各种各样的diversity n．多样性，多元体14．resign v t.，v i.辞职15．shrink v i.(使)收缩，缩小Ⅱ.短语自测1．on the decrease在减少2．be trapped in陷入……3．on the one hand...on the other hand一方面……，另一方面……4．hand over交给，移交5．be better off境况良好；富裕6．come into being开始存在；形成7．apart from除……之外8．be short of缺少9．wind sb.up故意惹恼(某人，尤指开玩笑)10．in a mess杂乱1．But strangely enough，the more money we earn，the less often we see it.但是很奇怪，我们挣的钱越多，常常见到的就越少。

高考英语总讲义答案

19暑期高三答案Lesson 1句子的成分Part 2: PracticeBACDA DCBDD ACLesson 2 动词的分类Part 1: Language Point翻译1) The victory belongs to you.2) I have arrived in Beijing safely.3) We can not always depend on our parents.4) Wherever you are, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.5) We should salute those who have made a contribution to our group.6) We applauded him for his bravery.7) She wants to apply for a good job.8) My parents never care what I am doing.9) Don’t laugh at people’s shortcomings.10) In his speech, he referred to a recent trip to Canada this summer. Part 2: PracticeBCADB DALesson 3 动词的时态、语态Part I 动词的时态1. 几种常考时态重难点1) 一般现在时1. keeps2. is pressed2) 一般过去时1. started2. were3) 现在完成时1. B2. B4) 过去完成时1. had met2. hadn’t seen2. 易混时态比较1) 现在完成时与一般过去时用法比较1. B2. C2) 现在完成时与现在完成进行时用法比较1. B2. DPart II 动词的语态1. will be built2. has been reached3. will be rewardedPart III 语法填空单句刷题1. will be delivering2. took3. was caught4. has become5. tastes6. had visited7. broke; was put 8. leaves 9. is being questioned 10. has been leakingPart 2: PracticeCCDBA ABDCB ABADCLesson 4 情态动词一．情态动词的基本用法1. B解析句意为：真烦人，我无权使用你推荐的资料库。

【2020新课标·一年级起点】五年级升六年级英语秋季系统班

【2020新课标·一年级起点】五年级升六年级英语秋季系统班课程大纲•第1周o In China中国的那些事儿-旅行词汇及表示地理位置的方位介词in to on 9月5日周六14:00上课开学典礼暨课程导学唐努尔14:00-14:20In China中国的那些事儿-旅行词汇及表示地理位置的方位介词in to on 唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第2周o In China中国的那些事儿-阅读写作技能9月12日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】In China中国的那些事儿-旅行词汇及表示地理位置的方位介词in toon 班主任老师14:00-14:20In China中国的那些事儿-阅读写作技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第3周o Around the World浏览大千世界-城市名词及一般现在时do型和what/where引导的特殊疑问词9月19日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】In China中国的那些事儿-阅读写作技能班主任老师14:00-14:20Around the World浏览大千世界-城市名词及一般现在时do型和what/where引导的特殊疑问词唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第4周o Around the World浏览大千世界-听力口语技能9月26日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Around the World浏览大千世界-城市名词及一般现在时do型和what/where引导的特殊疑问词班主任老师14:00-14:20Around the World浏览大千世界-听力口语技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第5周o Animal World奇妙的动物世界-常见动物类属名词及询问最爱动物的类属及特点10月8日周四14:00上课【课前回顾】Around the World浏览大千世界-听力口语技能班主任老师14:00-14:20Animal World奇妙的动物世界-常见动物类属名词及询问最爱动物的类属及特点唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第6周o Animal World奇妙的动物世界-阅读写作技能10月17日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Animal World奇妙的动物世界-常见动物类属名词及询问最爱动物的类属及特点班主任老师14:00-14:20Animal World奇妙的动物世界-阅读写作技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第7周o阶段性复习110月24日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Animal World奇妙的动物世界-阅读写作技能班主任老师14:00-14:20阶段性复习1 唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第8周o Feelings我们的感受-表情绪的形容词及感官动词&询问事件缘由及回答10月31日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】阶段性复习1 班主任老师14:00-14:20Feelings我们的感受-表情绪的形容词及感官动词&询问事件缘由及回答唐努尔测与答疑•第9周o Feelings我们的感受-听力口语技能11月7日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Feelings我们的感受-表情绪的形容词及感官动词&询问事件缘由及回答班主任老师14:00-14:20Feelings我们的感受-听力口语技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第10周o Famous People名家讲述-职业名词及一般过去时11月14日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Feelings我们的感受-听力口语技能班主任老师14:00-14:20Famous People名家讲述-职业名词及一般过去时唐努尔测与答疑•第11周o Famous People名家讲述-阅读写作技能11月21日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Famous People名家讲述-职业名词及一般过去时班主任老师14:00-14:20Famous People名家讲述-阅读写作技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第12周o Winter Vacation寒假到啦-动作词汇及be going to表将来计划和安排11月28日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Famous People名家讲述-阅读写作技能班主任老师14:00-14:20Winter Vacation寒假到啦-动作词汇及be going to表将来计划和安排唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第13周o Winter Vacation寒假到啦-听力口语技能12月5日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Winter Vacation寒假到啦-动作词汇及be going to表将来计划和安排班主任老师14:00-14:20Winter Vacation寒假到啦-听力口语技能唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第14周o阶段性复习212月12日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】Winter Vacation寒假到啦-听力口语技能班主任老师14:00-14:20阶段性复习2 唐努尔14:30-15:10 核心课15:10-15:20 课间休息15:20-16:00 核心课16:00-16:15 出门测与答疑•第15周12月19日周六14:00上课【课前回顾】阶段性复习2 班主任老师14:00-14:20秋季结课测评（六年级）14:30-15:10结课测评讲解暨毕业典礼唐努尔15:15-15:55。

2023年银行招聘系统班讲义解析强化刷题英语4

专项刷题-英语4专项刷题-英语4（讲义）一．单选题1.A college course can help you find work or get.A.promisedB.professedC.profiledD.promoted2.Tom won't see any of the changes coming this month,but he still needs to make quick decisions when opportunity knocks.A.be tempted toB.be poised toC.be subject toD.be conducive to3.Advertising is into every aspect of our social life,and conveying cultural messages with the advantage of mass media.A.to penetrateB.penetratedC.being penetratedD.penetrating4.An entrepreneur’s product or service must sound and marketable,enough to convince people to become investors.A.sustainableB.feasibleC.probableD.eligible5.He appreciated the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium on Comparative Literature.A.to have been givenB.to have givenC.having givenD.having been given6.In Western Australia,there are around450aircraft maintenance engineers,most of work in the Perth metropolitan area.A.themB.whomC.whichD.they7.the brand gains recognition,several farmers who are not immigrants and some refugee farmers have reached out about selling herbs to the startup.A.ByB.WithC.AsD.Until8.Grandmothers strap wicker baskets to their backs,wielding sticks to rake the forest floor and hook from some mushrooms.A.in whichB.for whichC.whichD.with which二．阅读理解题Passage：For much of the past decade,American and British scientists have been annoyed by the phenomenon known as the French Paradox.Nutritionally speaking,the French have been getting away with murder:They eat all the butter,cream,foie gras,pastry and cheese that their hearts desire,and yet their rates of obesity and heart disease are much lower than ours.The French eat times as much saturated animal fat as Americans do,and only a third as many die of heart attacks.It's maddening.Baffled,scientists struggled to come up with a few hypotheses:Maybe it was something in the red wine,they said.But while winemakers worldwide celebrated that news,more sober research has suggested that any alcohol-whether Lafite Rothschild,a banana daiquiri or a cold bud-pretty much has the same nice,relaxing effect.So while a little wine is apt to do you good,the French aren't so special in having a drink now and then though the fact that they drink wine moderately and slowly with meals, instead of downing shots at the bar,could make a difference.After the wine argument,scientists ventured that it must be the olive oil that keeps the French healthy.But this doesn't explain the butter or brie.Then,French scientist Serge Renaud said it's the foie gras that melts away cholesterol.This,too,is dicey;While people in Toulouse—the duck-liver-eating area of France—do indeed have one of the lowest rates of heart disease in the developed world,they actually only eat the delicacy about six times a year. And they're a lot more likely to die of stroke than we are anyway.Other researchers,perhaps sponsored by the garlic and onion industry,suggested that the French Paradox effect is due to garlic and onions.Claude Fischler,a nutritional sociologist at INSERM,says all these single hypotheses are more wishful thinking than science.Last May,researchers writing in the British Medical Journal came up with the least cheerful hypothesis of all.They argued that it's just a matter of time before the French—who are in fact eating more hamburgers and French fries these days—catch up with Americans, and begin suffering the same high rates of cardiovascular disease.These researchers,Malcolm Law and Nicholas Wald,call this the“time lag explanation”for the French Paradox.As far as they are concerned,the McDonaldization(this is a French catch—all terms for the importation of fast food and other American cultural horrors)of France will continue at a frantic pace,and it is as inevitable that Frenchmen will start keeling over（晕倒）of heart attacks as it is that French women will eventually wear jean shorts and marshmallow tennis shoes on the street of Paris.1.What is French Paradox according to this passage?()A.The French people eat unhealthy food and die of heart attacks each year.B.The French eat more nutritious food than Americans but don't worry about getting heart diseases.C.The French are much less likely to suffer from heart disease although they eat lots of fatty food.D.The French are as likely to die of heart attacks as Americans although they eat less fatty food.2.What can be learned from the second paragraph?()A.The French drink as much wine as people elsewhere.B.The French wine has different relaxing effects compared with other wines.C.Drinking red wine now and then benefits people a lot.D.The French drink wine in ways different from people of other countries.3.The underlined word“dicey”(para.3)probably means().A.satisfactoryB.strangeC.UncertainD.interesting4.In the author’s opinion,the French Paradox has something to do with().A.red wineB.olive oilC.garlic and onionsD.something unknown5.What can we infer from this passage?()A.The French Paradox is due to the influence of American values.B.The French Paradox will disappear in time.C.The McDonaldization of France has little effect on the French's health.D.There is no such thing as the French Paradox.专项刷题-英语4（题目解析）一、单选题1.A college course can help you find work or get.A.promisedB.professedC.profiledD.promoted【答案】D【解析】本题考查词义辨析。

吉的堡教学系统培训讲义

吉的堡教学系统主讲人：Effie 一.权威性：吉的堡英语学校是对儿童的英语学习最专业的一所学校，主要针对至岁的儿童开设班级。

二.规划性：吉的堡抓住孩子英语学习的年龄特征，对知识的理解和认知能力，所设班级如下：所设班级年龄课时级数三. 专业性：中外教联合授课，中外教比例 .四. 班名的构成方式：例如： K1A ，K 是Kinder 的开头字母，数字表示书的册数，第二个字母是按26个字母的排序，第一个班所以是A 。

请问：J 9M 是代表哪个班级？J 代表，9代表，M 代表。

五．课程时数：级数课时安排总课时（一级）幼儿班1-6级100分钟/节48课时（三个月）儿童班120分钟/节48课时（三个月）*课时表示小时这里我们所说的级数即学完一册书的时间。

问题：一个小学一年级的学生在吉的堡已经学习三年了，应该学到第几册？、管路敷设技术且可保障各类管路习题到位。

在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标高等，要求技术交底。

管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等题，、电气课件中调试作用卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统工作设备调试高中资料试卷方案。

、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术装置调时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免装置调吉的堡教材介绍吉的堡学校是目前国内最专业的儿童英语学校之一，在国内受到很多专业人士和家长的认可，其教材整合了优秀国内外教学资源，特别针对英语“零基础”的儿童有较大的优越性和独创性，教材从多层次、多角度对儿童的认知和发展入手，致力于儿童英语综合能力的发展，现将教材详细介绍：幼儿班：、、、儿童班：、、、、、级数册数目标配套教材初级1-2培养兴趣，听说为主ABC Land 中级3-4锻炼口语表达能力Wonderful ABCs 高级5-6锻炼摹写能力加入字母拼读教学法一．<Big Steps>全套分为级，由浅入深，循序渐进，依颜色排列为 <Big Steps>教材单元架构简介（以一册为例）●Listen and Talk(生活情境式会话单元) ●Let’s Sing(歌曲单元) ●Let’s Learn （社交礼仪用语会话单元）二．<ABC Land>适合幼儿班一级学习字母使用。

(完整word版)操作系统英文版课后习题答案整理(word文档良心出品)

1.1What are the three main purposes of an operat ing system?⑴ In terface betwee n the hardware and user;(2) man age the resource of hardware and software;(3) abstracti on of resource;Answer;•Tb provide an environment ksr a computer user to execute programs on computer h日rchvare in n convenient and efficient manner.•Tb allocate the separate resources of the computer as needed to st)ke the problem given.The allcxation prtxzess should b? as fair and efficient as possible.•Asa control program it serves two major functions； (1) supervision of the execution 由user programs to prevent errors and improper use of the computer, and (2) management of the operatioji and control of I/O devices.1.2 List the four steps that are necessary to run a program on a completely dedicated machine. Preprocessing > Process ing > Linking > Executi ng.Answer:乩Reserxe machine time*b* Manually load program into memory.u Load starting address and begin exe匚Lition.cL Monitor and control execution of program fr(im console.b. In teractivec. Time shar ingd. Real timee. Networkf. DistributedAnswera” Batch, Jobs w计h similar reeds are batched together and run through the computer as a group by ^r\operator or automatic jc)b s^quenc^r. [^rformanct? i$ incr^a^ed by atteiTipting to keep CPU 3nd I/O devices busv 311 timesi through buffering, off-line operation^ spooling, and multiprogramming. Batch is good for executing 】arge jobs thjit need little interacticm; it can be submitted and piuked up later.b. Interactive. This system is cumpofied of m^nv short transactions where the results of thenext transactiiin may be unpredictablen Respond time needs tn be short (sectwids) since the user submits and waik for the result.u Time sharing. This systems u 船呂匚Pl sch<*duling ^nd multi programming to pmvidu eConoiniCcil interactive use of 蛊system. The CPL switches rapidly iri>m one user tn another Instead of having a job defined by spcxiled card images^ each program readsits next control card from the terminab and output is normally printed immediately to the screen.(_L Real time. Often tisvci in a dedicated application, this system reads information from sensors and must respond within a fixed amount of time to ensure correct performance.work.f.Distributed .This system distributes computation among several physical processors” TheprtKessors do not share menion- or a clock. Instead, each pnxzessor has its own kxzalmemory. They communicate with each other through various communication lines f such asa high-speed bus or telephone line.1.7 Wehave stressed the need for an operating system to make efficient use of the computing hardware. When is it appropriate for the operating system to forsake this principle and to waste ” resources? Why is such a system not really wasteful?Answer Single-user systems should maximize use of the system for the user A GUImight "xvastc * GPL' cycles, but it optimizes the user T s interaction with the system.2.2 How does the distinction between monitor mode and user mode function as a rudimentary form of protecti on (security) system?Answer: By establishing a set of privileged instructions that can be executed only when in tlie m(snitnr mt)de f the tiperating system is assured of controlling the entire system at all times.2.3 What are the differences between a trap and an interrupt? What is the use of eachfun cti on?Answer An interrupt is a ha rd \ v a re-^en era ted change-of-flow within the system. An interrupt handler is summoried to deal with the cause oF the interrupt; control is then re turned to the interrupted context and instruction. A trap is a software-j;enerated interrupt. An interrupt can be uwd to signal the compJrtio n “f an I/O obviate the nevd for polling. A trap can be used ti> call operating svstem routines or to catch arithmetic errors.2.5 Which of the follow ing in structi ons should be privileged?a. Set value of timer.b. Read the clock.c. Clear memory.d. Turn off interrupts.e. Switch from user to monitor mode.3OS Exercise BookClass No. NameAnswer: The following instructions should be privileged:Set value of timer,b.Clear memory.Jc.Turn off interrupts.d.Switch from user to monitor mode*2.8 Protecting the operating system is crucial to ensuring that the computer system operates correctly. Provision of this protection is the reason behind dual-mode operation, memory protection, and the timer. To allow maximum flexibility, however, we would also like to place mini mal con stra ints on the user.The following is a list of operations that are normally protected. What is the minimal setof in structi ons that must be protected?a. Change to user mode.b. Change to mon itor mode.c. Read from mon itor memory.d. Write into mon itor memory.e. Fetch an instruction from monitor memory.f. Tur n on timer in terrupt.g. Turn off timer interrupt.Answer: The minimal 5et of instructions that must be protected are：a.Change to monitor mtxle.b.Read from moni tor memory*c.Write into monitor me mor v.Jd.Turn off timer interrupt3.6 List five services provided by an operat ing system. Explain how each provides convenience to the users. Explain also in which cases it would be impossible for user-level programs to provide these services.Answer;«Program execution. The operating system loads thv contents (or sections) of a file into menidry and begins its execution. A user-level program could not be trusted to properly allocate CPU time.•I/O operations. Disks, tapes, serial lines；and other devices must be communicated with ata very low level. The user need only specify the dev ice and the operation to perform (in it,while the system converts that request into <ie\r ict^ or contr<i11er-spec i fit commands.User-level pnjgrams cannot be trusted to only access devices they should have access to and to only access them when they otherwise unused.«File-system manipulation, fhere are manv details in file creation, deletion/ alkKation, and naming that users should not have to perform. Blocks of disk space are used by files and must be tracked, deleting a file requires remo\ ing the name file information and freeing the <ilkx:ated blocky I^ratections must also be checked to assure proper file access. User prc^grams could neither ensure adherence to protect]on methcxis nor be trusted to allocate only free block吕and deallocate bkxzks on file deletion.J•Communications. Message passing between systems requires messages be turned into packets of information, sent to the network controller, trannmitted across a community tk>ns medium, and reassembled by the destination system.卩acket ordering and data correction must take place. Again, user program吕might not c(sordinate ac cess to the network dev ice, or they might receive packets destined tor other processes^»Error detection. Error detection (occurs at both the hardware and soFtwart? levels. At tlie hardware level, all data transfers must be inspected to ensure that data hax e not beencorrupted in transit All data on media must be checked to be sure they have not changed since they uritten to the media. At the software level, media must bechecked for data ccnsistencj^; for instance, do the number of allocated and unallocated blocks of storage match the total number on the device. There, errors are frequently pnxzess-independent (for instance, the 匚omiption of data on a disk)5 sc there must be a global program (the operating system) that handles all h pes of errors. Also, by having errors pmc essed by the operating system, processes need not contain code to catch and ccjrrect all the ernjrs possible on a system.3.7 What is the purpose of system calls?Answer; Sv>ttn'. dlltnv ustr-levtl lu request str\ ices nt 11 it? uperating svs-tem.3.10 What is the purpose of system programs?J V USWCE Svstcm programs can be thought of as bundle!ti of useful system oils. Thev r provide bcisic functidcaliU users and sci users do not need to wnte their cwn programs to s<>k r e comnicMi problems,4.1 MS-DOS provided no means of con curre nt process ing. Discuss three major complicati onsthat con curre nt process ing adds to an operat ing system.5OS Exercise BookClass No. NameAnswer：*A method of time sharing must be implemented to allow each of several prcxzesses to have access to the system. This method involves the preemption of processes that do notvoluntarily give up the CPU (by using a system ca1]r for instance) and the kernel being reentrant (so more than one prtxzess may be executing kernel code concurrently).・[Vocesses and system resources must have protections and must be protected from each other. Any given process must be limited in the amount of memory it can use and tlie ope Mt ions 让can perform on devices like di^ks.•Care must be taken in the kernel to prevent deadkxzks between prucesses, so processesaren*t waiting for each other's allocated rest>urces,4.6 The correct producer —consumer algorithm in Section 4.4 allows only n-1 buffers to befull at any one time. Modify the algorithm to allow all buffers to be utilized fully.Answer: No answer.5.1 Provide two program ming examples of multithread ing givi ng improve performa nee overa sin gle-threaded soluti on.Answer (1) A Web server that services each request in a separate Lliread. (2) A parallelized application such as matrix multiplication where different parts of the matrix may be worked on in parallel. (3) An intEivictin GUI program such as a debugger where a thread is used to monitor user input, another thread represents the running application, and a third thread monitors performance.5.3 What are two differences between user-level threads and kernel-level threads? Underwhat circumsta nces is one type better tha n the other?Answer: Context switching between user threads is quite sinniliir to switching between kernel threads, although it is dependent on the threads library and how it maps user threads to kernel threads. In general, context switching between user threads involves taking a user thread of its LWP and replacing it with another thread. This act typically involves saving and restoring the stttte of the registers.6.3 Consider the following set of processes, with the length of the CPU-burst time given inmillisec on ds:Process Burst Time PriorityP1103P211P323F414P552The processes are assumed to have arrived in the order P l, F2, F3, F4, P5, all at time 0.a.Draw four Gantt charts illustrati ng the executi on of these processes using FCFS, SJF, a non preemptive priority (a smaller priority n umber implies a higher priority), and RR (qua ntum = 1) scheduli ng.b.What is the turnaround time of each process for each of the scheduling algorithms in part a?c.What is the waiting time of each process for each of the scheduling algorithms in part a?d.Which of the schedules in part a results in the minimal average waiting time (over all processes)?An swer:Answer;a.The four Gantt charts areb.Turnaround timeFCFS RR SJF Priority101919 16112 1 113 741814421919149 6 匚Waiting time (turnaround time minus burst time)FCFS RR SJF Priority卩】0996Pz10100心115216P*133118Ps14941d. Shortest Job First6.4 Suppose that the following processes arrive for execution at the times indicated. Eachprocess will run the listed amou nt of time. In an sweri ng the questi ons, use non preemptive scheduling and base all decisions on the information you have at the time the decisionmust be made.PtXKCSS Ai ri\ al Time Burst Time0.087OS Exercise BookClass No. NameP20.44l.D1a. What is the average turnaround time for these processes with the FCFS scheduling algorithm?b. What is the average turnaround time for these processes with the SJF scheduling algorithm?c. The SJF algorithm is supposed to improve performa nee, but no tice that we chose to run process P1 at time0 because we did not know that two shorter processes would arrive soon. Compute what the average turnaround time will be if the CPU is leftidle for the first 1 un it and the n SJF scheduli ng is used. Remember that processes P1 and P2 are wait ing dur ing this idle time, so their wait ing time may in crease. Thisalgorithm could be known as future-k no wledge scheduli ng.Answera.10.53b.9.53c.6,86Remember that turnaround time LS finishing time minus arrival time, so have to subtract the arrival tinier to compute thu turnaround times. FCFS is 11 if you forget to subtract arrival time.6.10 Explain the differences in the degree to which the following scheduling algorithms discrim in ate in favor of short processes:a.FCFSb.RRc.Multilevel feedback queuesAnswer：a.FCFS—discriminates against short jobs since any short jobs arriving after long jobs willhave a longer waiting time.b.RR一treats all jobs equally (giving them equal bursts of CPU time) so short jobs will beable to leave the system faster since they will finish first.c.Multilevel feedback queues—work similar to the RR algorithm—thev discriminatefa^r i>rably toward slusrt jobs.7.7 Show that, if the wait and sig nal operati ons are not executed atomically,then mutual exclusi on may be violated.Answer No answer.7.8 The Sleepi ng-Barber Problem. A barbershop con sists of a wait ing room with n chairs and the barber room containing the barber chair. If there are no customers to be served,the barber goes to sleep. If a customer en ters the barbershop and all chairs are occupied,then the customer leaves the shop .If the barber is busy but chairs are available, the nthe customer sits in one of the free chairs. If the barber is asleep, the customer wakes up the barber. Write a program to coord in ate the barber and the customers.Answer: Please refer to the support ing Web s its for source code solution,8.2 Is it possible to have a deadlock involving only one single process? Explain your answer.Answer Ncx I'his folknvs directly from the hold-and-wait condition.8.4 Con sider the traffic deadlock depicted in Figure 8.11.a. Show that the four n ecessary con diti ons for deadlock in deed hold in this example.b. State a simple rule that will avoid deadlocks in this system.Answer No answer.8.13 Con sider the follow ing sn apshot of a system:Allocati on Max AvailableA B C D A B C D A B C DP00 0 1 20 0 1 2 1 5 2 0P1 1 0 0 0 1 7 5 0P2 1 3 5 4 2 3 5 6P30 6 3 20 6 5 2P40 0 1 40 6 5 6An swer the follow ing questi ons using th e ban ker s algorithm:a.What is the content of the matrix Need?b.Is the system in a safe state?c.If a request from process P1 arrives for (0,4,2,0), can the request be gran tedimmediately?Answer;A. Deadlcx^k cannot ixrcur because preemption exists,b. Yes. A process may never acquire all the resources 让needs if they are continuouslypreempted by a series of requests such as those of process C.9.5 Given memory partitions of 100K, 500K, 200K, 300K, and 600K (in order), how would each of the First-fit, Best-fit, and Worst-fit algorithms place processes of 212K, 417K, 112K,and 426K (in order)? Which algorithm makes the most efficie nt use of memory?Answer:a. First-fit:b* 212K is put in 500K partitionc. 417K is put in 600K partitiond* 112K is put in 288K partition (new partition 288K = 500K - 212K)e.426K must waitf.Best-fit:g.212K is put in 300K partition9OS Exercise BookClass No. Nameh.417K is put in 500K partitioni.112K is put in 200K partitionj.426K is put in 600K partitionk.Worst-fit:L 212K is put in 600K partitionm. 417K is put in 500K partitionn. 112K is put in 388K partitionc 426K must waitIn this example, Best-fit turns out to be the bE%t*9.8 Con sider a logical address space of eight pages of 1024 words each, mapped onto a physicalmemory of 32 frames.a. How many bits are there in the logical address?b. How many bits are there in the physical address?Answera,l.ogica) address: 13 bitsb.Physical address： 15 bitsJ9.16 Con sider the follow ing segme nt table:Segme nt Base Len gth02196001230014290100313275804195296What are the physical addresses for the follow ing logical addresses?a. 0,430b. 1,10c. 2,500d. 3,400e. 4,112Answer:a.219 + 430 = 649b.2300 + 10 = 2510u ill亡月ed reference, trap ki operating systemd.1327 -b 400 = 1727e.illegal reference, trap to operating system10.2 Assume that you have a page referenee string for a process with m frames (initiallyall empty). The page refere nee stri ng has len gth p with n disti net page n umbers occur init. For any page-replacement algorithms,a. What is a lower bou nd on the n umber of page faults?b. What is an upper bou nd on the n umber of page faults?Answer:a* nb»p1, 2, 3, 4, 2, 1,5, 6, 2, 1,2, 3, 7, 6, 3, 2, 1, 2, 3, 6.How many page faults would occur for the following replacement algorithms, assuming one, two, three, four, five, six, or seven frames? Remember all frames are initially empty, so your first unique pages will all cost one fault each.LRU replaceme ntFIFO replaceme ntOptimal replaceme nt11OS Exercise BookClassNo.NameNumbei of frames1 2 3 4 5 6 711.7 Expla in the purpose of the ope n and close operati ons.Answer ：» The o[fen operation informs the system that the named file is about to bect>me active^ * Tlie cluse operation informs the system that the named file )s nt> lunger in active use by the user who issued the dose operation.11.9 Give an example of an application in which data in a file should be accessed in the followi ng order: a. Seque ntially b. Ran domlyAnswer ：a. Print the 匚 on tent of the file,b. Print the content of record /. This record can be found using hashing or index tech niques.11.12 Con sider a system that supports 5000 users. Suppose that you want to allow 4990 of these users to be able to access one file.a. How would you specify this protection scheme in UNIX?b. Could you suggest ano ther protecti on scheme that can be used more effectively for this purpose tha n the scheme provided by UNIX?Answer:a. There are twc methods for achieving this ： L Create an access control list withtlu? names of all 4990 users.ii. Put these 4990 users in one ^roup and set the group access accordingly. This scheme cannot always be implemented since user groups are restricted by the system. b. The universe access information applies to all users unless their name appears in the access-control list with different access permission. With this scheme you simply put the names of the remaining ten users in the access control list but \v 让h no access pri\ ileges allovcexfLRUFIFOOptimal 20 20 20 18 18 15 15 16 11 10 14 8 8 10 7 7 10 7 7 77Answer12.1 Consider a file currently consisting of 100 blocks. Assume that the file control block (andthe index block, in the case of indexed allocation) is already in memory. Calculate howmany disk I/O operations are required for contiguous, linked, and indexed (single-level)allocati on strategies, if, for one block, the follow ing con diti ons hold. In thecon tiguousallocati on case, assume that there is no room to grow in the beg inning, but there is room to grow in the end. Assume that the block in formatio n to be added is stored in memory.a. The block is added at the beg inning.b. The block is added in the middle.c. The block is added at the end.d. The block is removed from the begi nning.e. The block is removed from the middle.f. The block is removed from the end.AnswerLinked Indexeda. 201 1 1b. 1015211 3 1d. 198 1 0e. 9852 0f. 0 100 013.2 Con sider the follow ing I/O sce narios on a sin gle-user PC.a. A mouse used with a graphical user in terfaceb. A tape drive on a multitasking operating system (assume no device preallocation is available)c. A disk drive containing user filesd. A graphics card with direct bus conn ecti on, accessible through memory-mappedI/OFor each of these I/O scenarios, would you design the operating system to use buffering, spooli ng, cachi ng, or a comb in ati on? Would you use polled I/O, or in terrupt-drive n I/O? Give reas ons for your choices.Answer:a. A mouse used with a graphical user interfaceBuffering may be needed to record mouse movement during times when higher- priority operations are taking place. Spooling and caching are inappropriate. Inter rupt driven I/O is most appropriate^b” A tape drive on a multitasking operating system (assume no device preAlkxzation is available)Buffering may be needed to manage throughput d让ferEria? behveen the tape drive and the sounzt? or destination of the I/O, C臼匚hing can be used to hold copies of that resides on the tape, for faster access. Spooling could be used to stage data to the device whenmultiple users desire to read from or write to it” Interrupt driven [/O is likely to allow the best performance.13OS Exercise BookClass No. Name匸* A disk drive containing user tilesBuffering can be used to hold data while in transit from user space to the disk, and visaversa. Caching can be used to hold disk-resident data for improved perfor mance.Spoc^ling is not necessary because disks are shared-access devices. Interrupt- driven T/O is best for devices such as disks that transfer data at slow rates,d. A graphics card w让h direct bus coi^nection, accessible through mem<irv-mapped I/OBuffering may be needed to control multiple access and for performance (doublebuffering can be used to hold the next screen image while displaying the current tme). Caching and spooling are not necessary r due to the fast and shared-access natures of the device. Polling and interrupts are only useful for input and for【/O completion detec tion f neither of which is needed for a mem()r y-ma pped device.14.2 Suppose that a disk drive has 5000 cylinders, numbered 0 to 4999. The drive is currently serving a request at cylinder 143, and the previous request was at cylinder 125. The queue of pending requests, in FIFO order, is86, 1470, 913, 1774, 948, 1509, 1022, 1750, 130Start ing from the curre nt head positi on, what is the total dista nee (in cyli nders) thatthe disk arm moves to satisfy all the pending requests, for each of the follow ingdiskscheduli ngalgorithms?a. FCFSb. SSTFc. SCANd. LOOKe. C-SCANAnswer：乩The FCFS schedule is 143f 86f 1470, 913, 1774, 948, 1509, 1022, 1754), 130. The total seek distance is 7081.b. The SSTF schedule is 143, 130, 86. 913, 948, 1022, 1470, 1509. 1750r 1774. The total seekdistance is 1745.€. The SCAN schedule is 143, 913, 94«f1022f 1470, 1509,1750f 1774, 4999,130, 86. The to怙1 seek distance is 9769.d.The LOOK schedule is 143, 913, 948,1022, 1470,1509,1750,177< 130,86. The total seekdistance is 3319*e.The C-SCAN schedule is 143f 913,948,1022J 470,1509.1750,1774,4999,8& 130. The totalseek distance is 9813.f.(Bonus.) The C-LOOK schedule is 143,913,94& 1022,1470,1509.1750,1774, 86,130. Thetotal seek distance is 3363.1.1 1.62.3 2.53.7 6.3 6。

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2019-2020新课堂英语选修八北师大版讲义：Unit 22-1 Word版含答案

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