初中英语句子结构专题讲解
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The train leaves at 6 o’clock. I want a ticket.
2021/2/4
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3) 宾语(object)
表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。 由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。
He won the game.
On the desk
Tome lost his life in the big fire.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, in order that
2021/2/4
1
28
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
2) 表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go,等 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。
2021/2/4
1
6
5) 宾补(objective complement) 补充说明宾语的情况 。 由n. /adj. /介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任。 They made him‹king.› I consider the book ‹too expensive. 6) 定语(attributive) › 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子, 汉语中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。
That we shall be late is certain.
He said (that) he didn’t like her.
2021/2/4
1
25
状语从句
分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度
1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
2021/2/4
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26
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
初中英语句子结构专题讲解
句子成份
★ 句子一般由两个部分组成:
主语部分( subject group) 谓语部分( predicate group)
★ 句子成份: 主· 谓· 宾· 表 定· 状· 补
2021/2/4
1
2
Members of sentence: S --- subject 主· P --- predicative 表 O --- object 宾· Attri.---attribute 定· Adv.--- adverb 状·
常用的关联词有:if, unless, in case that, on condition that…
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
常用的关联词有:though, although, if even if, even though,
4) 表语(predicative) 用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。 由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。
He is a student.
2021/2/4
1
5
除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词, 1)表感官的动词:
feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
2021/2/4
1
12
Ⅱ.并列句
This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. It’s not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed.
2021/2/4
1
22
3) 宾语从句
* I understand that he is well qualified. * He said that he didn’t like her. * I don’t know if you can help me.
2021/2/4
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23
4) 同位语从句
2021/2/4
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19
Homework
1.复习今天所学的句子结构 2.自行复习名词性从句的内容(必修三) 3.看试卷,做相应知识点.
2021/2/4
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20
名词性从句 1) 主语从句 * What he said is not known. * That we shall be late is certain. * It is certain that we shall be late. * How strange it is that the children are so quiet!
2021/2/4
1
24
注意!
引导词that & what
* that与what都可以引导名词性从句。 * what在从句中充当句子成份(主,宾,表)。 * That在句中只起连接作用,不充当成份。 * that在引导名词性从句时不可省略(宾语从句除外).
That is what he wants to buy.
说明2:不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten.
2021/2/4
1
8
7) 状语(adverbial)
用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构 之后,强调时放在句首; 修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前; 表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句 首, 一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副 词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。
2021/2/4
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11
Practice
Nobody went.
主+ 谓
She became a doctor.
主+ 谓 + 表
The car caught fire.
主+ 谓 +
宾
I will write you a long letter.
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
I will let him‹go.›
The(black) bike is mine.
2021/2/4
1
7
说明1:当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting .
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2021/2/4
1
14
状语从句
分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度
1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
2021/2/4
1
18
8) 方式状语从句 He did just as you told him.
常用的关联词有:as, as if, as though, how
9) 程度状语从句 So long as you need me, I’ll stay.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, as far as, so long as
常用的关联词有:so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, in order that
2021/2/4
1
17
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
常用的关联词有:where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman
常用的关联词有:because, as, since
2021/2/4
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16
4) 结果状语从句 I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
He knocked at the door; there was no answer. You’re alive! And she’s dead.
2021/2/4
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13
Ⅲ.复合句
名词性从句 状语从句
主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句
定语从句
He said that he didn’t like her.
* Where did you get the idea that I couldn’t come?
* The question who should do the work requires consideration.
* Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.
Oc --- object complement 补
2021/2/4
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3
1) 主语(subject) 句子的主体,全句述说的对象。一般由 名词,主格代词 ,动词不定式,动担名任词,常或置从于句句首。
I like football. The boy needs a pen.
2) 谓语(predicate) 说明主语的动作或状态。由动担词任。常置于主语后。
常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
2021/2/4
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15
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
2021/2/4
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21
2)表语从句
* That is what he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her? * The reason is that he has lied to me several times.
常用的关联词有:if, unless, in case that, on condition that…
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
常用的关联词有:where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman
常用的关联词有:because, as, since
2021/2/4
1
27
4) 结果状语从句 I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .
(从句作时间状语)
2021/2/4
1
9
句子类型
简单句 并列句 复合句
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10
Ⅰ.简单句
1. ThingΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu changed.
主+ 谓
2. Trees are green.
主+ 谓 + 表
3. We don’t beat children.
主+ 谓 +
宾
4. He gave his sister the piano.
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
5. I found the book‹easy›.
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
2021/2/4
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4
3) 宾语(object)
表示vt.的动作对象或prep.所联系的对象。 由n.或相当于n.的词担任。置于vt.或prep.后。
He won the game.
On the desk
Tome lost his life in the big fire.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, in order that
2021/2/4
1
28
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
2) 表转变变化的动词: become, get, grow, turn, go,等 3)表延续的动词 remain, keep, hold, stay, rest等。
2021/2/4
1
6
5) 宾补(objective complement) 补充说明宾语的情况 。 由n. /adj. /介宾 /分词 /不定式等担任。 They made him‹king.› I consider the book ‹too expensive. 6) 定语(attributive) › 对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子, 汉语中常用‘……的’表示,通常位于被修饰的成分前。
That we shall be late is certain.
He said (that) he didn’t like her.
2021/2/4
1
25
状语从句
分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度
1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
2021/2/4
1
26
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
初中英语句子结构专题讲解
句子成份
★ 句子一般由两个部分组成:
主语部分( subject group) 谓语部分( predicate group)
★ 句子成份: 主· 谓· 宾· 表 定· 状· 补
2021/2/4
1
2
Members of sentence: S --- subject 主· P --- predicative 表 O --- object 宾· Attri.---attribute 定· Adv.--- adverb 状·
常用的关联词有:if, unless, in case that, on condition that…
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
常用的关联词有:though, although, if even if, even though,
4) 表语(predicative) 用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。 由n.或adj.担任。置于系动词之后。
He is a student.
2021/2/4
1
5
除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词, 1)表感官的动词:
feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem 等。
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补
2021/2/4
1
12
Ⅱ.并列句
This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. It’s not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I went to bed.
2021/2/4
1
22
3) 宾语从句
* I understand that he is well qualified. * He said that he didn’t like her. * I don’t know if you can help me.
2021/2/4
1
23
4) 同位语从句
2021/2/4
1
19
Homework
1.复习今天所学的句子结构 2.自行复习名词性从句的内容(必修三) 3.看试卷,做相应知识点.
2021/2/4
1
20
名词性从句 1) 主语从句 * What he said is not known. * That we shall be late is certain. * It is certain that we shall be late. * How strange it is that the children are so quiet!
2021/2/4
1
24
注意!
引导词that & what
* that与what都可以引导名词性从句。 * what在从句中充当句子成份(主,宾,表)。 * That在句中只起连接作用,不充当成份。 * that在引导名词性从句时不可省略(宾语从句除外).
That is what he wants to buy.
说明2:不定式、短语或从句作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。
这间屋子里的男孩子们是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten.
2021/2/4
1
8
7) 状语(adverbial)
用以修饰adj. /v. /adv.及全句,位置灵活。通常在句子基本结构 之后,强调时放在句首; 修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前; 表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句 首, 一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副 词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。
2021/2/4
1
11
Practice
Nobody went.
主+ 谓
She became a doctor.
主+ 谓 + 表
The car caught fire.
主+ 谓 +
宾
I will write you a long letter.
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
I will let him‹go.›
The(black) bike is mine.
2021/2/4
1
7
说明1:当定语修饰不定代词如:nothing , anything , everything , something 等时,定语要放在其后作后置定语
我告诉他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting .
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2021/2/4
1
14
状语从句
分为九类:时间、地点、原因、结果、 目的、条件、让步、方式、程度
1) 时间状语从句 Wait until you are called. When spring came, leaves turn green.
2021/2/4
1
18
8) 方式状语从句 He did just as you told him.
常用的关联词有:as, as if, as though, how
9) 程度状语从句 So long as you need me, I’ll stay.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, as far as, so long as
常用的关联词有:so, so that, such that, that
5) 目的状语从句 I’ll show you so you will see how it’s done.
常用的关联词有:so, so that, in order that
2021/2/4
1
17
6) 条件状语从句
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.
常用的关联词有:where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman
常用的关联词有:because, as, since
2021/2/4
1
16
4) 结果状语从句 I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
He knocked at the door; there was no answer. You’re alive! And she’s dead.
2021/2/4
1
13
Ⅲ.复合句
名词性从句 状语从句
主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句
定语从句
He said that he didn’t like her.
* Where did you get the idea that I couldn’t come?
* The question who should do the work requires consideration.
* Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.
Oc --- object complement 补
2021/2/4
1
3
1) 主语(subject) 句子的主体,全句述说的对象。一般由 名词,主格代词 ,动词不定式,动担名任词,常或置从于句句首。
I like football. The boy needs a pen.
2) 谓语(predicate) 说明主语的动作或状态。由动担词任。常置于主语后。
常用的关联词有:as, after, before, since, till/ until, when, while, as soon as, whenever等
2021/2/4
1
15
2) 地点状语从句 Put it where you found it. Sit down wherever you like.
2021/2/4
1
21
2)表语从句
* That is what he wants to buy. * The problem is that who we can get to replace her? * The reason is that he has lied to me several times.
常用的关联词有:if, unless, in case that, on condition that…
7) 让步状语从句 Though I’m fond of music,I can’t play any instrument.
常用的关联词有:where, wherever, anywhere
3) 原因状语从句
As I didn’t know the way, I asked a policeman
常用的关联词有:because, as, since
2021/2/4
1
27
4) 结果状语从句 I was in the bath so that I didn’t hear the telephone.
I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .
(从句作时间状语)
2021/2/4
1
9
句子类型
简单句 并列句 复合句
2021/2/4
1
10
Ⅰ.简单句
1. ThingΒιβλιοθήκη Baidu changed.
主+ 谓
2. Trees are green.
主+ 谓 + 表
3. We don’t beat children.
主+ 谓 +
宾
4. He gave his sister the piano.
主 + 谓 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
5. I found the book‹easy›.
主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾补