新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版)
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析
Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutesto write a short essay on the importance of writingability and how to develop it. You should write atleast 120 words but no more than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practice makesperfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three newsreports. At the end of each news report, you willhear two or three questions. Both the news reportand then questions will be spoken only once. Afteryou hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1with a single line through the centre. Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, youwill hear four questions. Both the conversation andthe questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A），B），C)andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear threepassages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswer Sheet 2 with a single line through thecentre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s hadair 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal fordeveloping and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in SanFrancisco, has been doing over the past few months. It hasbeen trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants ..N restricted .. C consequence ..J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（精品）
2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（精品）2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及答案(第一套)目录2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) (1)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (45)快速对答案 (59)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版)Part I Writing(30minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to developit.Youshould write at least120words but no more than180words.【解析】写作题考察了同学们的写作能力，要求在30分钟内完成，时间有限，因此在备战英语四级的时候，平时应积累一些模版，多背一些精彩的句子，在平时的练习中，应该在20分钟内完成一篇不少于120词的作文，下面给出以下几点建议：一，写作中，字体要工整，改卷老师在批改四级作文的时候，由于任务量大，再加上批改时视觉疲劳，不可能对每一篇作文都看得那么仔细，有时候就凭卷面的第一印象打分，因此字体美观大方能提高作文的分数；二，注意段落结构，写作时，应带有题目，一般分三段进行，第一段总体概述，引出正文，第二段详细阐述文档内容，要分条理进行，比如，firstly，secondly，等，正文一般4-6句话阐述完毕，第三段总结正文部分，回归主题。
三，写作要注重语法结构，不要出现明显的语法错误，否则扣分较多，影响总体成绩。
四，遇到不会写的词，要用其他相关的词语表达。
Part II Listening Comprehension(25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear three newsreports.At theend of each newsreport,you will hear two or three questions.Both the newsreport and questionswill be spoken only once.After you hear questions,you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2018年06月四级真题第一套翻译
目录2018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)答案 (21)2018年6月大学英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
Questions 1 to 2 are based on the new report you have just heard.1. A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.B)A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.C)A father's message for his daughter.D)The history of a century-old motel汽车旅馆.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude表示感激for his kindness.B)She wanted to honor her father's promise.C)She had been asked by her father to do so.D)She was excited to see her father's handwriting.1.a)将瓶装信息退还给其所有者的女儿。
[四级必备]20186月英语四级考试真题和考试答案解析
![[四级必备]20186月英语四级考试真题和考试答案解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/55d70134581b6bd97f19ea7e.png)
WORD 资料 .可编辑2018 年 6 月英语四级考试真题及考试答案（卷二）【写作】【题干】Directions:For thi s part , you are allowe d 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it . 120-180words.【答案】Writingis a skill tested in all major standardize d educationa l tests , includin g CET-4/6, TOEFL, IELTS, and so on. But there has been no shortage o f report s from different sources that a large proportion of students, especially college students , have ill-performed writin g skills , earning relatively low scores in tests as well as on school assignments.In my opinion, writing is a crucial skill for students. It is a reliable way by which one impart knowledge , suggest plans , fight for one ’ s idea, refut e a theory, and many other purposes. So if you are good at writing, then you are able t o fulfill the tasks above mentioned more effectively. Besides , noted writes, be they novelists ,poets or editors-in-chief enlighten every generation o f readers wit h newexperiences.That ’ s why readers todaystilldiscuss on and share their opinions on great books such as A Dream in Red Mansions.In a nutshell, few skills are more important than writing in the curren t society.So my suggest would be that every one, college students particular, takes time to hone writing skills, get more practice in it, so that we can live up to the social expectation of becoming socialist successors.【解析】第一段提出问题，第二段描述事实，第三段得出结论或给出建议。
新东方金秀秀：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析写作部分(新东方版)
新东方金秀秀：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析写作部分(新东方版)2018年6四级作文题为the importance of reading/ writing/speaking ability and how to develop it，这次作文可以说是近几年最好写的一篇，据考后学生反馈，看到作文题都表示非常开心，因为平时上课已经多次练习了类似的作文。
接下来本文将从审题、作文考查内容和范文三方面进行四级写作解析。
首先，此次作文题目没有任何审题难度，每一个词都能读懂，几乎不可能出现跑题现象。
不同与2017年12月作文题(how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients / parents and children / teachers and students)，有同学反映handle（处理）不明白什么意思，也有同学没有注意到题中的“how to”，写作过程中没有提到具体做法，这些都可能导致跑题偏题。
去年同一时间2017年6月的考题审题难度则更大，且不说content（内容）, brand（品牌）, specifications/features（特征）, condition（状况）这些较难的词，很多基础比较薄弱的同学不认识题目要求写的advertisement（广告），可想而知最后同学写出来的普遍不理想。
而此次作文题目简单明了。
在作文考查内容方面，这次的话题（reading/writing/speaking）回归了曾经多次出现的传统话题。
和2015年12月考题非常类似—the importance of being participants/lifelong learning /listening（成为参与者/终身学习/倾听的重要性）。
更和2010年考题Due Attention should be paid to spelling（重视拼写）考察同一话题。
英语四级真题2018年6月份(第三套)试卷及答案解析
2018年6月四级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions :几r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words butno more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension说明：2018年6月四级真题全国共考了两套听力。
本套的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而巳Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Part IDSection ADirections:/几th"i s section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of cho即es given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They areused to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower wasfrrst 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones becamea problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovationwas 27 . During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, 28 the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIStower became Europe's largest 29 of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such alarge 30 has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before ,and the CIS tower waschosen as one ofthe "10 best green energy projects" . For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was 31 overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this aren't 32 cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce muchless pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil fuels. As solar panels get 34 , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much liketrees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of 35 , but ratherone to collect the most solar energy.A)cheaper B)cleaner C)collectionD)competed E)constructed F)consultedG)dimension H)discovered I)eventuallyJ)height K)necessarily L)productionM)range N)scale0)undertakenSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA)Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, t ake quizzes, andtum in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of anew hit to their finances that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: priceyonline access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B)The codes—which typically range in price from MYM80 to MYM155 per course—give students onlineaccess tosystems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. Thesecompanies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their newonline offerings , when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent thefuture of the industry.C)But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念）of thetextbook business ,and are even harder for students to opt out of. W压le they could once buysecond-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D)"When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断），a new way tolock students around this system," said Ethan Senack, the higher educationadvocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. "Rather than MYM250(for a print textbook) you're paying MYM120,"said Senack. " B ut because it's all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests arethrough an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out. "E)Sarina Harper, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma whenshe first startedcollege in 2015—pay rent or pay to tum in her chemistry homework. She toldBuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a systemprovided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track theirgrades. But the code to access the program cost MYM120—a big sum for Harper, who hadalready put down MYM450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.F)She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically MYM150-MYM200, topay for thecode. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. "It's abalancing act, "she said. " C an I really afford these access codes now?" She didn't hand in herfI T st two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G)The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, t hey're the future.McGraw Hill, which controls 21 %of the higher education market, reportedin March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. Thecompany said that 45% of its MYM140 million revenue in 2015 "was derived from digital products. "H)A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that "digital materials are less expensive and agood investment"that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks andexpert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditionalprinted textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment, b ut its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that "in higher education ,the era ofthe printed textbook is now over. "I)The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. "Thesedigital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kindsof features, "David Anderson, theexecutive director of higher education with the Associationof American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. "It helps students understand in a way that youcan't do with print homework assignments. "J)David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled outdigital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that heunderstands the utility of u sing systems that require access codes. But he doesn't require hisstudents to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. "I try tomake things as inexpensive as possible, "said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for hisclasses but designs his own curriculum. "The online systems may make my life a lot easier butl feel like I'm giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefitthe students most. "K)A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normallyspends MYM500-MYM600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to tum in homework. This year she said she spentMYM900 on access codes to books and programs."That's two months of r ent," she said. "Youcan't sell any ofit back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for MYM30-MYM50 and that helpsto pay for your new semester's books. With an access code, you're out of that money. "L)Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeedNews that "it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for allthese access codes to do our homework. "Many of the access codes he's purchased havebeen required simply to complete homework or quizzes. "Often it's only 10% of y our grade inclass," he said. "You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if y ou didn't have it, it would affect your grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a Bor C." Wolverton said he spent MYM500 on access codes for digital books and programs thissemester.M)Harper, a poultry (家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy anew access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooksfor about MYM20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can't be rented or boughtsecond-hand, were her most expensive purchases: MYM120 and MYM85.N)She still remembers the sting of h er frrst experience skipping an assignment due to the highprices. "We don't really have a missed assignment policy," she said. "If you miss it, you justmiss it. I just got zeros on a couple of frrst assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. B ut as a scared freshman looking at their grades, it's not fun."36.A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37.The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38.If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit theirassignments.39.McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of t he market share of c ollege textbooks.40.Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which theybelieve will be thefuture of t he publishing business.41.One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the hightuition.42.Digital materials can cost students less than half t he price of t raditional printed books accordingto a publisher.43.One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44.Online systems may deprive teachers of o pportunities to make the best use of th eir expertisefor their students.45.Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is toexplain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Nowscientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is sucha fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understandthe material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higheron tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learningthemselves, teach others? One answer: They can tutor younger kids, Some studies have found that frrst-bom children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹）. This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduatesto teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students onthe topic.But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerizedcharacter who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks q uestions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的）figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers aremotivated to help Betty master certain materials. W压le preparing to teach, they organize theirknowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, theyidentify problems in their own thinking.Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors'learning. The agents'questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching theagent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action.Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutorsfeel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as theyderive pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment.46.What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?A)Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.B)Better learners will become better teachers.C)Human intelligence tends to grow with age.D)Philosophical thinking improves instruction.47.What do we learn about Betty's Brain?A)It is a character in a popular animation.B)It is a teaching tool under development.C)It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.D)It is a tutor for computer science students.48.How does teaching others benefit student tutors?A)It makes them aware of what they are strong at.B)It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.C)It helps them learn their academic subjects better.D)It enables them to better understand their teachers.49.What do students do to teach their teachable agents?A)They motivate them to think independently.B)They ask them to design their own q uestions.C)They encourage them to give prompt feedback.D)They use various ways to explain the materials.50.What is the key factor that eases student tutors'learning?eir emotlonal involvement.A)Their sense of responsibility.B)Th· C)The learning strategy acquired.D) Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The teaching expenence gained.A new batch of young women —members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的）generation —has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they arebetter educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been —or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe thatwomen are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it's easier for men to get topexecutive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, itwi且beeven harder for them to advance in their careers.While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about workas their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they placerelatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are lesslikely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they're not interested in becoming a bossor top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is evenwider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that gowith work and motherhood. These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2 , 002 adults, including 8 l OMillennials (ages 18-32), conducted Oct. 7-27, 2013. The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recentdecades , young women view this as a man's world —j ustas middle-aged and older women do. 51.What do we learn from the frrst paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?A)They can get ahead only by striving harder.B)They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.C)They are generally quite optimistic about their future.D)They are better educated than their male counterparts.52.How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace?A)They are the target of discrimination.B)They find it satisfactory on the whole.C)They think it needs further improving.D)They find their complaints ignored.53.What do Millennial women value most when coming of age?A)A sense of accomplishment.B)Job stability and flexibility.C)Rewards and promotions.D)Joy derived from work.54.What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?A)The welfare of their children.B)The narrowing of the gender gap.C)The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D)The balance between work and family.55.What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 survey?A)They still view this world as one dominated by males.B)They account for half the workforce in the j ob market.C)They see the world differently from older g enerations.D)They do better in work than their male counte rp arts.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析
精品试卷精品试卷Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions : For this part ，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it . You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions todevelop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 【参考答案】暂缺Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state ). Nor is the state’’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents year-round pollution. Residents’’hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .All of which, combined with California All of which, combined with California’’s reputation as the home of technological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima Davida Herzl, Aclima’’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco days when San Francisco’’s transit workers went on strike and the city s transit workers went on strike and the city’’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work cycle to work”” days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assisted B.collaborating C.consequence D. consumersE.creating F.detail G.domestic H.frequently I.inhabitants J.innovation K.intended L.outdoor M.pollutants N.restricted O. Sum【参考答案】【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted . .C consequence . .J innovation .F detail . .K intended . . L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2018年06月英语四级真题解析第2套.pdf
we can take some steps to learn how to be a better writer.
③④⑤分别用 Firstly、Secpmdly、Finally
③Firstly, in order to make our writing creative and imaginative enough, 具体列举提高写作能力的方法。 brainstorming is one of the key elements to build up a unique topic. Don't ⑥用 To sum up 总结全文，并指出勤奋和
范文点评：
高分范文
精彩点评
The Importance of Writing Ability and How to Develop It
①开门见山，指出写作的重要性：写作是
①As the most productive and communicative way to express ourselves, 表达自我最有成效和最具沟通性的方式。
hesitate to take down all the ideas that come into our mind. ④Secondly, the 科学的方法的重要性。
good development of our writing is based on a clear structure or paragraph
总而言之，成为一个好的作者需要知识储备和勤加练习，但是只要我们付出足够的努力，并且遵循科学的方法， 最终我们都会写出让自己和别人都感到惊艳的作品。
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A News Report One
英语四级真题2018年6月份(第三套)试卷及答案解析
2018年6月四级考试真题（第三套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions :几r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof speaking ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words butno more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension说明：2018年6月四级真题全国共考了两套听力。
本套的听力内容与第二套的完全一样，只是选项的顺序不一样而巳Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Part IDSection ADirections:/几th"i s section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of cho即es given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for eachitem on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They areused to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower wasfrrst 26 in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones becamea problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovationwas 27 . During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, 28 the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIStower became Europe's largest 29 of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such alarge 30 has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before ,and the CIS tower waschosen as one ofthe "10 best green energy projects" . For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was 31 overtaken by the Millbank Tower.Green buildings like this aren't 32 cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce muchless pollution than that caused by energy 33 through fossil fuels. As solar panels get 34 , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much liketrees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of 35 , but ratherone to collect the most solar energy.A)cheaper B)cleaner C)collectionD)competed E)constructed F)consultedG)dimension H)discovered I)eventuallyJ)height K)necessarily L)productionM)range N)scale0)undertakenSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questionsby marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA)Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework, t ake quizzes, andtum in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of anew hit to their finances that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: priceyonline access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B)The codes—which typically range in price from MYM80 to MYM155 per course—give students onlineaccess tosystems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. Thesecompanies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their newonline offerings , when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent thefuture of the industry.C)But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念）of thetextbook business ,and are even harder for students to opt out of. W压le they could once buysecond-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D)"When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断），a new way tolock students around this system," said Ethan Senack, the higher educationadvocate for the U.S. Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. "Rather than MYM250(for a print textbook) you're paying MYM120,"said Senack. " B ut because it's all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests arethrough an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out. "E)Sarina Harper, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma whenshe first startedcollege in 2015—pay rent or pay to tum in her chemistry homework. She toldBuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a systemprovided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track theirgrades. But the code to access the program cost MYM120—a big sum for Harper, who hadalready put down MYM450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.F)She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically MYM150-MYM200, topay for thecode. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. "It's abalancing act, "she said. " C an I really afford these access codes now?" She didn't hand in herfI T st two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G)The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses, t hey're the future.McGraw Hill, which controls 21 %of the higher education market, reportedin March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. Thecompany said that 45% of its MYM140 million revenue in 2015 "was derived from digital products. "H)A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that "digital materials are less expensive and agood investment"that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks andexpert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditionalprinted textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment, b ut its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that "in higher education ,the era ofthe printed textbook is now over. "I)The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. "Thesedigital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kindsof features, "David Anderson, theexecutive director of higher education with the Associationof American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. "It helps students understand in a way that youcan't do with print homework assignments. "J)David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled outdigital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that heunderstands the utility of u sing systems that require access codes. But he doesn't require hisstudents to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. "I try tomake things as inexpensive as possible, "said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for hisclasses but designs his own curriculum. "The online systems may make my life a lot easier butl feel like I'm giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefitthe students most. "K)A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normallyspends MYM500-MYM600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to tum in homework. This year she said she spentMYM900 on access codes to books and programs."That's two months of r ent," she said. "Youcan't sell any ofit back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for MYM30-MYM50 and that helpsto pay for your new semester's books. With an access code, you're out of that money. "L)Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeedNews that "it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for allthese access codes to do our homework. "Many of the access codes he's purchased havebeen required simply to complete homework or quizzes. "Often it's only 10% of y our grade inclass," he said. "You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if y ou didn't have it, it would affect your grade enough. It would be bad to start out at a Bor C." Wolverton said he spent MYM500 on access codes for digital books and programs thissemester.M)Harper, a poultry (家禽）science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy anew access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooksfor about MYM20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can't be rented or boughtsecond-hand, were her most expensive purchases: MYM120 and MYM85.N)She still remembers the sting of h er frrst experience skipping an assignment due to the highprices. "We don't really have a missed assignment policy," she said. "If you miss it, you justmiss it. I just got zeros on a couple of frrst assignments. I managed to pull everything back up. B ut as a scared freshman looking at their grades, it's not fun."36.A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37.The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38.If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit theirassignments.39.McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of t he market share of c ollege textbooks.40.Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which theybelieve will be thefuture of t he publishing business.41.One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the hightuition.42.Digital materials can cost students less than half t he price of t raditional printed books accordingto a publisher.43.One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-time job.44.Online systems may deprive teachers of o pportunities to make the best use of th eir expertisefor their students.45.Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook business. Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice andmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is toexplain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Nowscientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is sucha fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understandthe material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higheron tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learningthemselves, teach others? One answer: They can tutor younger kids, Some studies have found that frrst-bom children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹）. This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduatesto teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students onthe topic.But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerizedcharacter who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks q uestions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的）figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers aremotivated to help Betty master certain materials. W压le preparing to teach, they organize theirknowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, theyidentify problems in their own thinking.Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors'learning. The agents'questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching theagent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action.Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutorsfeel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as theyderive pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment.46.What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?A)Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.B)Better learners will become better teachers.C)Human intelligence tends to grow with age.D)Philosophical thinking improves instruction.47.What do we learn about Betty's Brain?A)It is a character in a popular animation.B)It is a teaching tool under development.C)It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.D)It is a tutor for computer science students.48.How does teaching others benefit student tutors?A)It makes them aware of what they are strong at.B)It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.C)It helps them learn their academic subjects better.D)It enables them to better understand their teachers.49.What do students do to teach their teachable agents?A)They motivate them to think independently.B)They ask them to design their own q uestions.C)They encourage them to give prompt feedback.D)They use various ways to explain the materials.50.What is the key factor that eases student tutors'learning?eir emotlonal involvement.A)Their sense of responsibility.B)Th· C)The learning strategy acquired.D) Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The teaching expenence gained.A new batch of young women —members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的）generation —has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they arebetter educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been —or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe thatwomen are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it's easier for men to get topexecutive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, itwi且beeven harder for them to advance in their careers.While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about workas their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they placerelatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are lesslikely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they're not interested in becoming a bossor top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is evenwider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that gowith work and motherhood. These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2 , 002 adults, including 8 l OMillennials (ages 18-32), conducted Oct. 7-27, 2013. The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recentdecades , young women view this as a man's world —j ustas middle-aged and older women do. 51.What do we learn from the frrst paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers?A)They can get ahead only by striving harder.B)They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.C)They are generally quite optimistic about their future.D)They are better educated than their male counterparts.52.How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace?A)They are the target of discrimination.B)They find it satisfactory on the whole.C)They think it needs further improving.D)They find their complaints ignored.53.What do Millennial women value most when coming of age?A)A sense of accomplishment.B)Job stability and flexibility.C)Rewards and promotions.D)Joy derived from work.54.What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about?A)The welfare of their children.B)The narrowing of the gender gap.C)The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D)The balance between work and family.55.What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 survey?A)They still view this world as one dominated by males.B)They account for half the workforce in the j ob market.C)They see the world differently from older g enerations.D)They do better in work than their male counte rp arts.Part IV Translation (30 minutes) Directions : 的r this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage f rom Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版)
新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版) 【试题—自行车】自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
如今，随着城市交通拥挤和空气污染日益严重，骑自行车又开始流行起来。
近来，中国企业家将移动互联网技术与传统自行车结合在一起，发明了一种成为共享单车的商业模式。
共享单车的出现使骑车出行更加方便，人们仅需用一部手机就可以随时使用共享单车。
为了鼓励人们骑车出行，很多城市修建了自行车道。
现在，越来越多的中国人也喜欢通过骑车健身。
【译文】Bicycles used to be the main transportation vehicles in cities and countryside of China, so China was once called the “Bicycle Kingdom”. Today, as traffic jams and air pollution are increasingly worsening, riding bicycles has become popular again. Recently, Chinese entrepreneurs have combined the technology of mobile Internet with bicycles and invented a commercial model called Bicycle Sharing. The emergence of Bicycle Sharing makes bicycle-riding more convenient: people can use shared bicycles at any time with only a mobile cell. To encourage citizens to ride bicycles, bicycle roadways have been built in many cities. Nowadays, an increasing number of people enjoy doing physical exercises by riding bicycles.【解析】1.自行车曾经是中国城乡最主要的交通工具，中国一度被称为“自行车王国”。
2018年6月大学英语四级翻译真题及参考答案
2018年6月全国大学英语四级翻译真题及答案公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。
许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直努力改善公交车的服务质量。
车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。
然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
Buses used to be one of the main vehicles for Chinese people. Recently, due to the increasing number of private cars, the traffic problems in cities become more serious. In order to encourage the public to take buses instead of private cars, many cities manage to improve their buses’ quality of service.The facilities of buses have been upgraded, and the speed increased significantly. Meanwhile, the prices of buses remain rather low. Now, in most cities, many local senior citizens can take buses for free.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。
他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。
航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。
近年来，节假日期间选择飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。
[四级必备]20186月英语四级考试真题和考试答案解析
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WORD 资料 .可编辑2018 年 6 月英语四级考试真题及考试答案（卷二）【写作】【题干】 Directions:For this part,you are allowed30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it. 120-180 words.【答案】 Writing is a skill tested in all major standardized educational tests, including CET-4/6, TOEFL, IELTS,and so on. But there has been no shortage of reports from different sources that a large proportion of students, especially collegestudents,have ill-performed writing skills,earning relatively low scores in tests as well as on school assignments.In my opinion, writing is a crucial skill for students. It is a reliable wayby which one impart knowledge,suggest plans,fight for one’ s idea,refute a theory, and many other purposes.So if you are good at writing,then you are able to fulfill the tasks above mentioned more effectively.Besides,noted writes, be they novelists, poets or editors-in-chief enlighten every generation of readers with new experiences. That ’ s why readers today still discuss on and share their opinions on great bookssuch as A Dream in Red Mansions.In a nutshell,few skills are more important than writing in the current society. So my suggest would be that every one, college students particular, takes time tohone writing skills, get more practice in it, so that we can live up to the socialexpectation of becoming socialist successors.【解析】第一段提出问题，第二段描述事实，第三段得出结论或给出建议。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及参考答案听力原文与解析
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
新东方付莉莉：2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题解析听力部分(新东方版)
新东方付莉莉：2018年6月大学英语六级考试真题解析听力部分(新东方版)1 what do we learn about the woman?A guest from a local establishment the prage café .2 what do the woman say about café in her city.Café are a very competitive market. they are plenty in our cities.3 how does the prage café guarantee that its rabbit pose no health threat?Further more ,our rabbit are regular cleaned, and have all received a required shorts.4 what does woman say about their customers?As for our customers, they are all animal lovers.5 what does the speakers talk about the food their children like?But mine all about junk food.6 what affects the children choosing the food most?I think it’s all that advertising on TV.7 what does the speaker believe big food corporation are doing?Big company have so much money to spend on clever tactics designed to make young children buy their products.8 what do we know about the speakers when they were chindren?We barely had any junk food available.9 what can we found in the value of the Mackenzie ?It’s the longest river in Canada.10 in what way is the Amazon different from other big rivers?Great civilizations and intensive settlement are hardly associated with the amozon.11 what does the speaker say about Amazon?The amazon irrigate the largest tropical rain forest on earth.12what does the speaker think is an inevitable truth?All of us live a life in the fatling.13 what does speaker say about her life in Tokyo?I found myself filling up with endless work and social event,rushing along a busy as a bee.14what change the speaker’s lifestyle?Then one day I came across a book.15 what happened after the speaker change her lifestyle?I become more aware of importance of slowing down.16 what assumption about introduced species is challenged by a number of scientists?But a number of scientists question the assumption that the presence of alien species can never be acceptable in the national ecosystem.17 what does ..think of exotic species ?Distinction between exotic and native species are artificial .18 what does professor say about alien species?Only a small percentage of alien species cause problem in their habitat.19 what should you do when doing business with foreigner?We are going to look at cultural awareness.20 what must you avoid doing with your Indian dolleague?Remember to avoid asking for beer if your arrival coincide with one of those days.21 what do we learn about some spainsh-indian people?In spain ,some businesses maintain the pattern of working until 5:30 to 8:oo in the evening.22 what did George grune do in 1984?He unlocked the companies’ boardroom and announced that the room was open to the employees.23 how did the wallaces define formul a for reader’s digest.The wallance had clearly defined formular for their little magazine as reader’s digest was originally sub-titled.24 what do we learn about the founder of reader’s digest?The wallance didn’t accept advertisement in the US,had a cle ar sense of the kind of workplace they want.25what change took place in reader’s digest after the wallance death?George grune joined the the reader’s digest in 1960 has his eyes focused on the bottom line,he laid off workers.。
2018年06月英语四级真题解析第3套.pdf
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第3套）Part I Writing审题思路：这是四级考试中常见的议论文话题。
通过审题可知，文章需要着重从两个方面展开，分别是口语表达技能的重要性以及如何提高口语能力。
其中，如何提高口语能力应通过衔接性词汇具体阐述。
另外，文章结尾需要有全文总结，进一步强调方法的重要性。
范文点评：全文翻译：口语技能的重要性以及如何提高口语能力众所周知，精通口语对成为一个全面的沟通者必不可少。
然而，把众多词汇组合在一起，且用一种有意义的方式去表达思想、观点和感受并非是与生俱来的能力，而是需要一定的技巧和练习。
首先，建立自信，并且专注于向别人传达信息，这反过来也有助于我们获得别人的注意力。
其次，使用熟悉的词汇，而非用高难度的词汇挑战自己，因为在口语交流中，流利度更为重要。
最后，创造一些练习的机会，比如把自己的日常生活讲述给自己，或者和朋友保持经常性的对话。
总而言之，只有足够自信并且使用高效的方法，才能提高我们口语能力。
遵循这些步骤来提高我们的口语能力，最终达到更高水准的沟通。
PartⅢReading ComprehensionSection A全文翻译：霓虹灯之于香港，就像红色的电话亭之于伦敦，大雾之于旧金山一样。
当夜幕降临时，红色、蓝色和其他颜色为这座被成千上万个霓虹灯指示牌点亮的城市（26）蒙上了一层雾蒙蒙的微光。
但是，很多霓虹灯都变暗了，（27）取而代之的是更实用，但是不那么浪漫的LED灯。
变化的建筑法规，不断发展的品味，加上保养这些美丽而老旧的指示牌所需的高昂成本，都让商家们更欢迎LED灯，虽然LED灯（28）节省能源，但是成本依然很高。
“对我来说，霓虹灯代表往日的记忆，”摄影师莎伦·布朗斯说。
她的《香港霓虹灯》系列摄影纪念着这座城市著名的指示牌灯箱。
“现在看着这些指示牌，我感到惊讶而伤感。
”制作一个霓虹灯指示牌是一项艺术，是由受过在岗培训的（29）专业人士完成的，他们把玻璃管塑造成（30）装饰用的形状和字母，然后把（31）通电时发光的气体注入这些玻璃管中。
2018年大学英语四级真题答案及解析
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套)Part I Writing （30 minut es）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more tha n180 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.A) The return of a bottled message to its owner's daughter.2.B) A New Hampshire man's joke with friends on his wife.3.C) A father's message for his daughter.4.D) The history of a century-old motel.2. A) She wanted to show gratitude for his kindness.B) She wanted to honor her father's promise.C) She had been asked by her father to do so.D) She was excited to see her father's handwriting.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.~3. A) People were concerned about the number of bees.B) Several cases of Zika disease had been identified.C) Two million bees were infected with disease.D) Zika virus had destroyed some bee farms.4. A) It apologized to its customers.B) It was forced to kill its bees.C) It lost a huge stock of bees.D) It lost million dollars.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) It stayed in the air for about two hours.B) It took off and landed on a football field.C) It proved to be of high commercial value.D) It made a series of sharp turns in the sky.6. A) Engineering problems.B) The air pollution it produced.C) Inadequate funding.D) The opposition from the military.7. A) It uses the latest aviation technology.B) It flies faster than a commercial jet.C) It is a safer means of transportation.D) It is more environmentally friendly.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespo ken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) It seems a depressing topic.B) It sounds quite alarming.C) It has little impact on our daily life.D) It is getting more serious these days.9. A) The man doesn't understand Spanish.B) The woman doesn't really like dancing.C) They don't want something too noisy.D) They can't make it to the theatre in time.10. A) It would be more fun without Mr. Whitehead hosting.B) It has too many acts to hold the audience's attention.C) It is the most amusing show he has ever watched.D) It is a show inappropriate for a night of charity.11. A) Watch a comedy.B) Go and see the dance.C) Book the tickets online.D) See a film with the man.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Most of her schoolmates are younger than she is.B) She simply has no idea what school to transfer to.C) There are too many activities for her to cope with.D) She worries she won't fit in as a transfer student.13. A) Seek advice from senior students.B) Pick up some meaningful hobbies.C) Participate in after-school activities.D) Look into what the school offers.14. A) Give her help whenever she needs it.B) Accept her as a transfer student.C) Find her accommodation on campus.D) Introduce her to her roommates.15. A) She has interests similar to Mr. Lee's.B) She has become friends with Catherine.C) She has chosen the major Catherine has.D) She has just transferred to the college.<Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To investigate how being overweight impacts on health.B) To find out which physical drive is the most powerful.C) To discover what most mice like to eat.D) To determine what feelings mice have.17. A) When they are hungry.B) When they are thirsty.C) When they smell food.D) When they want company.18. A) They search for food in groups.B) They are overweight when food is plenty.C) They prefer to be with other mice.D) They enjoy the company of other animals.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Its construction started before World War I.B) Its construction cost more than $ 40 billion.C) It is efficiently used for transport.D) It is one of the best in the world.20. A) To improve transportation in the countryside.B) To move troops quickly from place to place.C) To enable people to travel at a higher speed.D) To speed up the transportation of goods.21. A) In the 1970s.B) In the 1960s.C) In the 1950s.D) In the 1940s.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Chatting while driving.B) Messaging while driving.C) Driving under age.D) Speeding on highways.23. A) A gadget to hold a phone on the steering wheel.B) A gadget to charge the phone in a car.C) A device to control the speed of a vehicle.D) A device to ensure people drive with both hands.24. A) The car keeps flashing its headlights.B) The car slows down gradually to a halt.C) They are alerted with a light and a sound.D) They get a warning on their smart phone.25. A) Installing a camera.B) Using a connected app.C) Checking their emails.D) Keeping a daily recordPart ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A"Directions: In this section, there is a passage with10 blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels.They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first __26__ in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation was __27__ . During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, __28__ the solar panel company, Solar century. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest __29__ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large __30__ has never been repeated since.Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was __31__ overtaken by the Mill bank Tower.Green buildings like this aren't __32__ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy __33__ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get __34__ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of __35__ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.A) cheaper B) cleaner C) collection D) competed E) constructed F) consultedG)dimension H) discovered I) eventually J) height K) necessarily L) productionM) range N)scale O) undertakenSection BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.【Some College Students Are Angry That They Have to Pay to Do Their HomeworkA) Digital learning systems now charge students for access codes needed to complete coursework,take quizzes, and turn in homework. As universities go digital, students are complaining of a new hit to their finances that's replacing—and sometimes joining—expensive textbooks: pricey online access codes that are required to complete coursework and submit assignments.B) The codes—which typically range in price from $ 80 to $ 155 per course—give students onlineaccess to systems developed by education companies like McGraw Hill and Pearson. These companies, which long reaped big profits as textbook publishers, have boasted that their new online offerings, when pushed to students through universities they partner with, represent the future of the industry.C) But critics say the digital access codes represent the same profit-seeking ethos (观念) of thetextbook business, and are even harder for students to opt out of. While they could once buy second-hand textbooks, or share copies with friends, the digital systems are essentially impossible to avoid.D) "When we talk about the access code we see it as the new face of the textbook monopoly (垄断), a new way to lock students around this system," said Ethan Senack, the higher education advocate for the . Public Interest Research Group, to BuzzFeed News. "Rather than $250 (for a print textbook) you're paying $ 120," said Senack. "But because it's all digital it eliminates the used book market and eliminates any sharing and because homework and tests are through an access code, it eliminates any ability to opt out."|E) Sarina Harpet, a 19-year-old student at Virginia Tech, was faced with a tough dilemma whenshe first started college in 2015—pay rent or pay to turn in her chemistry homework. She told BuzzFeed News that her freshman chemistry class required her to use Connect, a system provided by McGraw Hill where students can submit homework, take exams and track their grades. But the code to access the program cost $ 120—a big sum for Harper, who had already put down $ 450 for textbooks, and had rent day approaching.F) She decided to wait for her next work-study paycheck, which was typically $ 150- $ 200, to payfor the code. She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result. "It's a balancing act," she said. "Can I really afford these access codes now" She didn't hand in her first two assignments for chemistry, which started her out in the class with a failing grade.G) The access codes may be another financial headache for students, but for textbook businesses,they're the future. McGraw Hill, which controls 21% of the higher education market, reported in March that its digital content sales exceeded print sales for the first time in 2015. The company said that 45% of its $ 140 million revenue in 2015 "was derived from digital products."H) A Pearson spokesperson told BuzzFeed News that "digital materials are less expensive and agood investment" that offer new features, like audio texts, personalized knowledge checks and expert videos. Its digital course materials save students up to 60% compared to traditional printed textbooks, the company added. McGraw Hill didn't respond to a request for comment, but its CEO David Levin told the Financial Times in August that "in higher education, the era of the printed textbook is now over."I) The textbook industry insists the online systems represent a better deal for students. "Thesedigital products aren't just mechanisms for students to submit homework, they offer all kinds of features," David Anderson, the executive director of higher education with the Association of American Publishers, told BuzzFeed News. "It helps students understand in a way that you can't do with print homework assignments."—J)David Hunt, an associate professor in sociology at Augusta University, which has rolled out digital textbooks across its math and psychology departments, told BuzzFeed News that he understands the utility of using systems that require access codes. But he doesn't require his students to buy access to a learning program that controls the class assignments. "I try to make things as inexpensive as possible," said Hunt, who uses free digital textbooks for his classes but designs his own curriculum. "The online systems may make my life a lot easier butI feel like I'm giving up control. The discussions are the things where my expertise can benefitthe students most."K)A 20-year-old junior at Georgia Southern University told BuzzFeed News that she normally spends $ 500-$ 600 on access codes for class. In one case, the professor didn't require students to buy a textbook, just an access code to turn in homework. This year she said she spent $ 900 on access codes to books and programs. "That's two months of rent," she said."You can't sell any of it back. With a traditional textbook you can sell it for $ 30 - $ 50 and that helps to pay for your new semester's books. With an access code, you're out of that money. "L) Benjamin Wolverton, a 19-year-old student at the University of South Carolina, told BuzzFeed News that "it's ridiculous that after paying tens of thousands in tuition we have to pay for all these access codes to do our homework." Many of the access codes he's purchased have been required simply to complete homework or quizzes. "Often it's only 10% of your grade in class." he said. "You're paying so much money for something that hardly affects your grade—but if you didn't have it, it would affect your grades enough. It would be bad to start out at a B or C." Wolverton said he spent $ 500 on access codes for digital books and programs this semester.M) Harper, a poultry (家禽) science major, is taking chemistry again this year and had to buy a new access code to hand in her homework. She rented her economics and statistics textbooks for about $ 20 each. But her access codes for homework, which can't be rented or bought second-hand, were her most expensive purchases: $ 120 and $ 85.[N) She still remembers the sting of her first experience skipping an assignment due to the high prices. "We don't really have a missed assignment policy," she said. "If you miss it, you just miss it. I just got zeros on a couple of first assignments. I managed to pull everything back up.But as a scared freshman looking at their grades, it's not fun."36. A student's yearly expenses on access codes may amount to their rent for two months.37. The online access codes may be seen as a way to tie the students to the digital system.38. If a student takes a course again, they may have to buy a new access code to submit theirassignments.39. McGraw Hill accounts for over one-fifth of the market share of college textbooks.40. Many traditional textbook publishers are now offering online digital products, which theybelieve will be the future of the publishing business.41. One student complained that they now had to pay for access codes in addition to the hightuition.42. Digital materials can cost students less than half the price of traditional printed booksaccording to a publisher.】43. One student decided not to buy her access code until she received the pay for her part-timejob.44. Online systems may deprive teachers of opportunities to make the best use of their expertisefor their students.45. Digital access codes are criticized because they are profit-driven just like the textbook C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia (痴呆症) increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn't worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.`After age 50, it's quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don't remember even seeing it, that's far more concerning, Daffner says.When you forget entire experiences, he says, that's "a red flag that something more serious may be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you've visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.{But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn't panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications (药物) like antidepressants.You don't have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain's cognitive (认知的) reserve, Daffner says."Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.does the author say that one needn't be concerned about memory slipsall of them are symptoms of dementia.occur only among certain groups of people.，all of them are related to one's age.are quite common among fifty-year-olds.happens as we become aged according to the passageinteraction skills deteriorate.parts of our brain stop functioning.within our brain weakens.whole brain starts shrinking.memory-related symptom should people take seriouslyforgetting how to do one's daily routines.to recall details of one's life experiences.(to remember the names of movies or actors.confusing the addresses of one's friends.should people do when signs of serious memory loss show upthe brain's cognitive reserve.medications affecting memory.to a professional for assistance.to improve their well-being.is Dr. Daffner's advice for combating memory lossregular physical and mental checkups.medicine that helps boost one's brain.。
新东方黎家旭：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析听力部分(新东方版)
新东方黎家旭：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析听力部分(新东方版)整体解析:本次大学四级听力试题难度相比2017年12月份两套听力有所上升，与2017年6月份两套听力难度相持平。
所有题目的总原则仍然遵循10大关键词后+视听一致原则。
所以学生依旧不需要听懂文章意思，只需在特定的10大类关键词后听啥选啥，即可轻松考到一个非常理想的成绩！现将本次考察到的关键词以红色标出，并标有出现次数1 转折but短新闻出现4次，考察2次。
第一篇长对话出现1次考察1次howevernevertheless 短文出现1次考察1次注意：短新闻短文常考nevertheless nonetheless2 因果（1）因：because 短文出现2次，考察1次reason 短新闻出现1次，考察（2）果：so短文出现1次，考察1次therefore thus3 引言某人说：say常见于短新闻，短文。
短新闻中出现3次本次没有考到。
短文中出现4次考察3次4 语气词well oh 长对话中出现3次考察2次（考生一定记住well 在长对话中没有任何意思，只表示语间停顿，相当于emmm 但是well 后面出答案的几率非常高，所以考生尤其在长对话中听到well时，一定要注意听后面的内容，并且认真看四个选项，结合听啥选啥得出答案，同时注意选项中出现常见动词形容词替换）5 最高级first 常见于短新闻短文，其中短新闻出现2次考察1次most6 目的plan to do短新闻出现1次，考察1次/ aim to do7 是非（1）强是非yes no 短文出现3次考察1次（2）弱是非perhaps 短新闻出现1次考察1次probably8 建议should 常见于长对话长对话出现1次考察1次suggest9 事实actually 常见于长对话出现1次考察1次in fact10 递进also 短文出现1次考察1次besides如下为原文以及文中答案点和关键词。
新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分（新东方版）
新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分（新东方版）第一篇：新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版)新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版)Part IVTranslation（30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。
他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。
航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。
近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。
【译文】In the past, it was beyond imagination for most Chinese to take a plane when traveling.Nowadays, with the development of economy and the improvement of life, an increasing number of Chinese including farmers and migrant workers could afford to take a plane.They can go to all large cities by plane.Besides, many cities are planning to build airports.The aviation service has been improved, and there are often plane tickets at bargain prices.In recent years, the number of people who travel by air in holidays has been increasing all the time.【解析】 1.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
20186月英语四级考试真题试题附答案解析[(完整版)第2套]-(1120)
![20186月英语四级考试真题试题附答案解析[(完整版)第2套]-(1120)](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/55645cc3fab069dc50220146.png)
. WORD 格式整理 . .Part I Writing (30 minutes )Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof writing ability and how to develop it.You should write at l east 120 words but no more than180words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes )Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear threenews reports. At the end of eachnews report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through thecentre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard .1.A)Annoyed. B)Scared.C)Confused.D)Offended.2.A) It crawled over the woman's hands.B) It wound up on the steering wheel .C)It was killed by the police on the spot.D)It was covered with large scales.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard .3. A) A study of the fast-food service.B) Fast food customer satisfaction .C)McDonald's new business strategies.D)Competition in the fast-food industry.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .4. A) Customers' higher demands. B) The inefficiency of employees. C) Increased variety ofproducts. D) The rising number of customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you havejust heard.5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs. B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration . C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions. D) Competition among public and private space companies.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon. B) A pprove a new mission to travel into outer space. C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.D) Launch a manned spacecraf t to Mars. 7. A) It is significant. B) It is promising . C) It is unpredicta ble . D) It is unprofitab le .Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation , you will hear four questions. Both the conversationandthe questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must c hoose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th e centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on theconversationyou have just heard.8.A) Visiting her familyin Thailand. B) Showingfriends around Phuket. C)Swimming around a Thaiisland. D) Lying in thesun on a Thai beach.9.A) She visited a Thaiorphanage. B) She met aThai girl's parents. C)She learned some Thaiwords. D) She sunbathed ona Thai beach.10.A) His class will start in a minute.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .B)H e has got an incoming phone call.C)Someone is knocking at his door.D)His phone is running out of power.11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.C)He collects things from different countries.D)He wants to know more about Thai culture.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard .12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.B)O pening a gym and becoming personal trainers.C)Signing up for a weight-loss course.D)Trying out a new gym in town.13.A) Professionalpersonal training. B) Freeexercise for the first week.C) A discount for a half-year membership.D)Additional benefits foryoung couples. 14. A) Thesafety of weight-lifting.B)T he high membership fee.C) The renewal of his membership.D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.B)S he used to do 200 sit-ups every day.C)She knows the basics of weight-lifting.D)She used to be the gym's personal trainer.Section CDirections : In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each p assage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the c orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard .16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.B)T hey often apply for a number of positions.C)They worry about the results of their applications.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .D) They search extensively for employers' information.17. A) Get better organized .B)E dit their references.C)Find better-paid jobs.D)Analyze the searchingprocess. 18. A) Providetheir data in detail.B) Personalize each application .C) Make use of better search engines.D) Apply for more promising positions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard .19.A) If kids did not like school, real learningwould not take place. B) If not forced to go toschool, kids would be out in the streets.C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest .D)If teaching failed to improve, kids would stayaway from school. 20. A) Allow them to playinteresting games in class.B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.C)Let them stay home and learn from their parents.D)Design activities they now enjoydoing on holidays. 21. A) Allow kids tolearn at their own pace.B)E ncourage kids to learn from each other.C)Organize kids into various interest groups.D)Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard .22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.B) It is a major social activity among the young.C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.D) It is even more expressive than the written word.23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.B) It is really marvelous to look at.C)It offers free dance classes to seniors.D)It offers people a chanceto socialize. 24. A) Theirstate of mind improved.B)T hey became better dancers.C)They enjoyed better health.D) Their relationship strengthened .. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .25.A) Itis fun. B)It is life.C) It isexhausting. D)It isrhythmical.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40minutes )Section ADirectio ns : In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are required to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making yourchoices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bankmore than once.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Thingsare not as bad asthey once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worstcity in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, anart museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Oceanblurred by the haze( 霾 ). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the centralvalley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' heartsandlungsare affectedas a 28 . All of which, combinedwith California'sreputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing andtesting systems designed tomonitor pollutionin 30 . And that isjust what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has beendoing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minu te maps of 32 air pollution . Such stations will also be able to keep aneye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices. To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida He rzl, Aclima'sboss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workerswent on strike and the city's 34 were forced to us e their cars. Conversely, "cycle to work"days have done their job by 35 pollution lows. A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) det ail G) domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovatio n K) intended L) ou tdoor M) pollutantsN) restric ted O) sum. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .Section BDirections : In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the informationis derived. You ma y choose a paragraph more thanonce.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer thequestions by marking thecorresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2.As Tourists Crowd Out Locals , Venice Faces 'Endangered' ListA)O n a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked thesteps at one of Venice' s main touristsites, the RialtoBridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four bridges spanning the Grand Canal.It is the oldest bridge across the canal , and was the dividing line between the districts of SanMarco and San Polo. But on thi s day, there was a twist : it was filled with Venetians, nottourists.B)"People are cheering and holding their carts in the air," says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Gener azione '90. The carts herefers to are small shopping carts —the symbol of a true Venetian. "It started as a joke," hesays with a laugh."The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur.Preciselylike that, you just go around and run people down."C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's a p roblem. Up to90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day — far outn umbering the 55,000 permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key reason the city's population is downfrom 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumbered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. Andthose who stick around are tired of living in a place where they can't even get to the marketwithout swimming through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine,navigating through50, 000 people while on the way toschool or to work.D)Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national gove rnments havefailed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because they're only interested in tourism —the primaryindustry in Venice,worth more than $3 billion in 2015. "Venice isa cash cow ,"she says,"and everyone wants apiece."E) Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds every year thatappear over their medieval( 中世纪的) surroundings. Their massivewake creates waves atthe bottom ofthe sea, weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves."Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says."You see the mud itdrags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts the ancient wooden poles holding up the cityunderwater. One day we'll see Ve nice break down."F)F or a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to ag ree. Two yearsago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not prot. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .ecting Venice. UNESCOconsiders the entire city a World Heritage Site, a greathonor that means Venice, at thecultural level, belongs toall of the world's people. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years tomanage Venice's flourishing tourism or the city would be placed on another list —WorldHeritage In Danger, joining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.G) Venice's deadline passed withbarely a murmur( 嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO wasmeeting inIstanbul. Only one representativ e , Jad Tabet from Lebanon, triedto raise theissue."For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, and it hasnow reached a dramaticsituation," Tabet toldUNESCO."We have to act quickly — there isnot a moment to waste."H) But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote."It's been postponed until 2017," says Anna Somers,the founder and CEO of The Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted torestoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organizationdidn'tvote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger isbecause UNESCO hasbecome "intensely politicized. There would have been some back-roomnegotiations."I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in the world,granting it considerablepower and influence within theorganization. The former head of theUNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees heritage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, aVenetian who now serves as UNESCO's assista nt director -general for culture.J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accordwith UNESCO to establish atask force of police artdetectives andarchaeologists ( 考古学家) to prote ct cultural heritage from natural disastersand terr or groups, suc h as ISIS. The accor d underlined Italy's glob al reputat ion as a goodstewar d of art and culture. K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list — which is dominated by sites indeveloping and conflic t -ridden countries — would be an international e mbarrassmen t , andcould even hurt Italy's profita ble tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to pres s ure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declin ed a reques t for an int er view . L) The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its ownbusiness, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Veniceresidents. M) As for Venetians, they're beyond frustrated and hoping for a solutio n soo n. "It's a nightma re for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists aro und," says Giorgio ashe navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridg e. "There are just so many of them.They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an order ly manner. Navigatingthe streets can be exhausting." . .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn't made up of tourists. They're Venetians. G iorgio says he'snever experienc ed the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 yea rs . "For once, we are the oneswho are blocking the traffic," he says delightedly. "It feels unreal. It feels like we're someform of endangered species . It's just nice. The feeling is just pure." But, he worries, iftourism isn't managed and hi s fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generationmight be the l ast who can call themselves native Venetians. 36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient b uildings inVenice. 37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to t ake measures to protect its cultural heritage. 38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few ye ar s. 39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to theincrease of tourists. 40. If tourism gets out of contr ol , native Venetians may desert the city altog ether one day. 41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to p rotect Venice.42. The participants in the Venetian march used shoppingcarts to show they were 100% localresidents.43. Ignoring UNESCO's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city'stourism industry.44. One woman says that for decades the Italiangovernment and local author ities have onlyfocused on the revenues from tourism.45.UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the listof World Heritage Si tes In Danger.Section CDirections : There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on thebest choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet2 with a single line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage .Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long- lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers foundmoving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises orpromotions, which only provided a short-term boost . Co-author Mathew Whit . .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .e, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that thestudy showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewersigns of depressionoranxiet y . "There could be a number of reasons," he said,"for example,people do many things to make themselves happier: they striv efor promotion or pay rises,or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year,people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are notsustainable; they don't make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery ( 彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, butafter six months to a year, they were backto the baseline."Dr. White said his team wanted to see whetherliving in greener urban areashad a lastingpositive effect on people's sense of well-being orwhether the effect also disappeared after aperiod of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by theUniversity of Essex.Explaining what the datarevealed, he said:"What you see is that even after threeyears, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy." He observedthat people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressedpeople made more sensible decisions and communicated better.With a growing bodyof evidence establishing a linkbetweenurban greenspaces and apositive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said,"There's growing interest among publicpolicy officials,but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is todecidewhere the money will come from to help support good qualitylocal greenspaces."46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?A) Improve their work efficiency .B) Add to their sustained happiness.C)Help them build a positive attitude towards life.D)Lessen their concerns about material well-being.47.What does Dr. White say people usually do to makethemselves happier? A) Earn more money.B) Settle in an urban area.C) Gain fame and popularity .D) Live in a green environment .48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?A) How it affects different people.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .B)H ow strong its positive effect is.C)How long its positive effect lasts.D)How it benefits people physically.49. What did Dr. White's research reveal about people livingin a greenenvironment ?A) Their stress wasmoreapparentthanreal.B) Their decisionsrequired less deliberation .C) Their memories were greatly strengthened .D)Their communication with others improved.50.According to Dr. White, what should the governmentdo to build more gre en spaces incities?A) Find financial support.B) Improve urban planning.C) Involve local residents in the effort.D) Raise public awareness of the issue .Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage .You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art ( 先进的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland &Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for theWhite Star Line company. The Olympic classincluded the Olympic, the Britannicand the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanicwasn't even theflagship of this class.All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels ofseaengineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastlythe Britannic in1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decidedto focus on making them themost luxurious ships on the water.Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships werewonders of naval technology, andeveryone thought that they would continue to beso for quite some time. However, allsuffered terrible accidents on theopen seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did,but it was the onlyone to survive andmaintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanicwasthe first to sink aft erfamously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster ,the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 andsubsequently sank as well.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crewsbelow deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship's smoke stacks, but thefourth stack was actually just artistic in nature andserved no functional purpose. While twoof these ships sank, they were all de signed with double hulls ( 船体) believed to make them"unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic's and the Britannic's tragic end.The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as ahospital ship andtroop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending theera of the luxurious O lympic class ocean liners.51.What does the passage say about the threeOlympic class ships? A) They performed marvellouslyon the sea.B) They could all break the ice in their way.C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.D) They were models of modern engineering.52. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?A) Their c apacity of sailing across all waters.B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.D)The long voyages they were able toundertake. 53. What is said about thefourth stack of the ships?A) It was a mere piece of decoration .B)I t was the work of a famous artist.C)It was designed to let out extra smoke.D) It was easily identifiable from afar.54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?A) Their u nscientific designs.B) Their captains' misjudgment .C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.D) The belief that they could never sink with a double- layer body.55.What happened to the ship Olympicin the end? A) She was used to carrytroops.B) She was sunk in World War I.C) She was converted into ahospital ship. D) She wasretired after her naval service.. .专业知识分享 . .. WORD 格式整理 . .Part IVTranslation(30 minutes )Directions : For this part, you are allowed 30 minutesto translate apassage from Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswerSheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
2018年6月份大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（三套全）
2018年6月份大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（三套全）2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套全)目录2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)快速对答案 (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二(完整版) (60)快速对答案 (74)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二详细答案(精讲版) (75)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三(完整版) (120)快速对答案 (129)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三详细答案(精讲版) (130) 2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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新东方王苗：2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题解析翻译部分(新东方版) Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。
他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。
航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。
近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。
【译文】In the past, it was beyond imagination for most Chinese to take a plane when traveling. Nowadays, with the development of economy and the improvement of life, an increasing number of Chinese including farmers and migrant workers could afford to take a plane. They can go to all large cities by plane. Besides, many cities are planning to build airports. The aviation service has been improved, and there are often plane tickets at bargain prices. In recent years, the number of people who travel by air in holidays has been increasing all the time.【解析】1. 过去，乘飞机出行对大多数中国人来说是难以想象的。
在第一句的句式中，由于系动词“是”之前的主语较长，借助形式主语it指代不定式to do结构，对某人来说，使用for加名词词组的结构。
词汇方面：乘飞机：take a plane。
难以想象：beyond imagination。
In the past, it was beyond imagination for most Chinese to take a plane when traveling.2. 如今随着经济的发展和生活水平的提高，越来越多的中国人包括许多农民和外出务工人员都能乘飞机出行。
第二句逗号前“随着”的部分，可以用with加名词词组的形式表达，逗号之后主干句子中谓语的翻译是一个难点，“能乘飞机”的实际含义时“能够/可以付得起乘飞机”，英文表达为“could afford to take a plane”。
词汇方面：越来越多的中国人：more and more Chinese, 变通表达an increasing number of Chinese。
外来务工人员：migrant workers。
Nowadays, with the development of economy and the improvement of life, an increasing number of Chinese including farmers and migrant workers could afford to take a plane。
3. 他们可以乘飞机到达所有大城市，还有许多城市也在筹建机场。
第三句中以逗号为分隔点，实际是两个句子。
注意汉英两种语言中逗号的不同用法。
翻译为英文时处理成两个以句号结尾的句子比较恰当。
词汇方面：筹建：plan to build。
They can go to all large cities by plane. Besides, many cities are planning to build airports。
4．航空服务不断改进，而且经常会有特价机票。
第四句的句式可以处理成一个and连接的并列句。
“航空服务不断改进”主谓之间是被动的关系，时态上现在完成时比较恰当。
词汇方面：航空服务：aviation service。
特价机票：plane tickets at bargain prices。
The aviation service has been improved, and there are often plane tickets at bargain prices。
5. 近年来，节假日期间选择乘飞机外出旅游的人不断增加。
第五句需要一个主从复合句来表达，用定语从句修饰限定“人”。
“人增加”实际上是“人的数量增加”。
在时态选择上，使用现在完成进行时。
In recent years, the number of people who travel by air in holidays has been increasing all the time.Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。
许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。
车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。
然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
【译文】The bus used to be the main transportation vehicle that Chinese chose when going out. In recent years, the traffic problems in cities have been growingly serious, because private cars have increased a lot. In order to encourage more citizens to take buses, many cities have been making efforts to improve the service level of buses. The facilities of buses have been updated; the speed of buses has been raised remarkably. However, the ticket price of buses still remains quite low. Nowadays, in most cities, many local senior citizens could ride buses for free.【解析】1.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
第一句在句式上需翻译成一个主从复合句，时态上为一般过去式。
词汇方面：交通工具：transportation vehicles。
The bus used to be the main transportation vehicle that Chinese chose when going out.2.近年来，由于私家车数量不断增多，城市的交通问题越来越严重。
第二句可以翻译为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句。
时态上为现在完成时。
词汇方面：私家车：private cars。
交通问题：traffic problems。
In recent years, the traffic problems in cities have been growingly serious, because private cars have increased a lot。
3.许多城市为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行，一直在努力改善公交车的服务质量。
在第三句中，要注意在翻译时调整句子语序，“许多城市”为句子的主语，谓语部分是逗号之后的“一直在努力改善”，而“为了鼓励更多人乘坐公交车出行”则是句子的状语部分。
时态上本句为现在完成进行时。
词汇方面：乘坐公交车：take buses。
努力：make efforts。
改善：improve/promote/increase均可。
服务质量：service level/quality均可。
In order to encourage more citizens to take buses, many cities have been making efforts to improve the service level of buses。
4. 车辆的设施不断更新，车速也有了显著提高。
第四句可以处理成两个分号隔开的简单句。
时态上为现在完成时，语态上为被动语态。
词汇方面：设施：facility/equipment/device均可。
更新：update。
The facilities of buses have been updated; the speed of buses has been raised remarkably.5. 然而，公交车的票价却依然相当低廉。
第五句为主系表结构，系动词可用be动词或者remain。
However, the ticket price of buses still remains quite low。
6. 现在，在大多数城市，许多当地老年市民都可以免费乘坐公交车。
第六句句式为主谓宾结构。
词汇方面：老年市民：old/elderly/senior citizens。
免费：for free。
乘坐公交车：take buses, 为了避免词汇与上文重复可用ride buses。
Nowadays, in most cities, many local senior citizens could ride buses for free。
Part IV Translation （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer sheet 2.近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建造地铁。