2010年南开大学211翻译硕士英语考研试题
南开大学研究生英语口语考试
1.Some people like to work in a team. Others would ratherwork individually. Which do you prefer and why?As we know,“When everybody adds fuel, the flames rise high”. In my opinion, I prefer to work in a team. Because there are many advantages of group working.Firstly, In a team, we can share our opinions and brainstorm when we want to do some plans or activities, which is time-saving.Secondly, we can cooperate with teammates to solve problems easily when we met some difficulties.Thirdly, It`s convenient for us to get information and learn something we don`t be familiar with from people surrounding us.Above all, I think that working in a group is more interesting and urge me to work harder.2.Please comment on the following statement: Computerethics contribute to a better and safe use of computers in our daily life.With the rapid development of technology, the computer plays an essential role in our daily life. When we are enjoying the big convenience of computer, there is also a serious network security problem that we can't ignore.Network moral crisis of the users, which resulted from dislocation of network morality, is the universal problem in network society. Some kinds of cyber crime emerge. Such as attacking other people's computer systems, stealing other people's classified files and spreading false information, which are unethical. Our information faces a series of problems. Therefore, we need to establish ethical standards, laws and regulations to ensure network civilization and security. Only in this way can we have a healthy Internet Environment. So, computer ethics contribute to a better and safe use of computers in our daily life.are we loosing productive land? How shall we address the land problems?Each year more and more land becomes degraded. We are losing productive land. New dry areas are developing and expanding. I’m talking about new dry areas, areas where land has been declining in quality.The first is overgrazing by farm animals. Overgrazing, overcutting, and farming methods.Second, overcutting of trees also contributes to the loss of good land. The main problem is too many trees are cut and not replanted. There is nothing to hold the good soil. Wind and water carry the good soil away and it erodes quickly, leaving land that is dry and less productive.Third, Population is increasing, Contaminated land will not be used for production. Example Fukushima nuclear leak（福岛核泄漏）1. Set up some organizations , that are working to help countries or communities look at their special problems and figure out what possible changes they can make to protect their land.2. Strengthen pollution control, reduce pollution, especially difficult to control pollution3. Scientific grazing, Improve land utilization.Of course, it is important to rely on the government's active landpolicy.4. Are you for or against the wide application of DNA testing?As we know, DNA which to some extents determines what we look like, what we like to do, and what our future will be.Due to the information that DNA contains, scientists have found a way to identify possible genetic relationship between two persons, which helps people find their lost children or ancestors.What`s more, DNA testing can be used for criminal investigation. The policemen can easily find the suspect by detecting the DNA in the hair of something else that is part of the suspect`s body.Also, DNA testing can be used to predict and diagnose disease, then you can take some measures to improve the environment and living habits on time.Above all, I insist that the wide application of DNA is helpful for people, although we may met some ethical problems when we use it.recommendations will you give to those who want to stay health?As an old saying goes, Happiness lies first of all in health, it means that health is very important for us. So how to stay health?Firstly, We should keep a balanced diet and eat more healthy food like meat and vegetables.Secondly, keeping a good mood and sleeping at least 8 hours one day is important. Because we will feel very tired and can`t work well, If you don't have enough sleep.Thirdly, it`s necessary for us to do more outdoor exercises in spare time, which can help us get a strong and healthy body.Fourthly, We`d better not play computer games or watch movies for too long because it does harm to our eyes.6. Please comment on the following statement: Man can do nothing in face of natural disasters.With the development of society, the environment has been worse and worse. At the same time, the natural disasters happen more frequently than before.However, in the face of it, Man feel helpless and believe that nature cannot be conquered. There is a gold chain runs through the universe, also a red line links all things.It likes a law of life and death, which can`t be changed, nor transfer with the people`s will. People can only obey the rules. So, we insist that nature cannot be conquered and we should take some measures to protect the nature.is economics regarded as a science?First of all, let’s get started with the respective definitions of economics and science.Science is a knowledge system that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.While economics is a social science concerned chiefly with description and analysis of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.Therefore, the characteristics of economics, such as statistics and analysis just in line with scientific interpretation.Furthermore, in the category of economics, it contains a large number of theories which about the laws of human values activity, and these theories are not immutable. With the depth of research, they will be more and more rich. And the process of this theory is completely consistent with other natural science.In summary, I think mentioned above is the reason why economics regarded as a science.on the impact of globalization on cultureWith globalization, people have more opportunities to cooperate and exchange. However, I think it has more negative effects on culture, which are as follows.On the one hand, native language which is the most important part of culture has been threatened by English which is regarded as the worldwide medium of communication due to globalization. Consequently, A growing number of people are being encouraged to use or send messages in English rather than in their own language.On the other hand, due to the impact of western cultures, young people start to admire the extreme individualism and the hedonism, which are harmful to the development of society.what ways is new form of journalism different from traditional media?New media is essentially a cyber culture with modern computer technology, digital data controlled by software and the latest fast developing communication technology. Most technologies described as “new media” are digital, and often have characteristics of being networkable, interactive and impartial. Examples are the internet, websites, computer multimedia, games, CD-ROMs and DVDs.Young people are attracted to the easy means of getting information with internet based computer or phones, which provide them information of their choice anytime, anywhere. They don`t need to wait for any broadcasting schedule to be connected to get the information.Internet blogs, news portals and online news, Facebook, You Tube, podcast and webcast, and even the short messaging system, are all new media. The modern revolution enables everybody to become a journalist at little cost and with global reach. Nothing like this has ever been possible before.New media is like a “new trust”that connect all boundaries of politics, economy and religion.10.N owadays, people all over the world share the samefashions, advertising, brands, eating habits and TV channels. Do the disadvantages of this trend outweigh the advantages?Nowadays, people all over the world share the same Hollywood movies and fashion. Everyone has different opinions, To my mind, cultural globalization`s advantages outweigh its disadvantages. Because cultural globalization has a lot of advantages as follows:First of all, globalization is a vital process toward transferring knowledge and education throughout the world. Secondly, people can enjoy cultural achievements by artists all over the world, such as films, TV programs, music, opera etc. Finally, the exchange of culture could enhance mutual understanding, create goodwill and remove the hostility and prejudice between different nations.Of course, there are also some negative things when we share these things from all over the world. But, I insist that the advantages far outweigh its disadvantagesstudents like online courses. Others like to take traditional classroom courses. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.In my opinion, I prefer online courses. With the development of communication technology, the network has become an indispensable tool in people's daily life. Now more and more people choose online courses, I think it is a better choice whether it is for students or serving staff under the dual pressure of work。
南开大学研究生基础英语考试真题
南开大学研究生基础英语考试真题全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hi there, everyone! Today, I want to share with you the real test questions from the NanKai University Basic English Test for Graduate Students. Sounds pretty serious, right? Don't worry, I'll break it down for you in a fun and easy way!Question 1:What does the word "confident" mean? How can you show confidence in your daily life?Confident means believing in yourself and your abilities. You can show confidence by speaking up in class, trying new things, and standing up for yourself when you believe in something. Remember, you are awesome just the way you are!Question 2:Write a short paragraph about your favorite hobby and explain why you enjoy it.My favorite hobby is playing soccer. I love running around the field with my friends, scoring goals, and getting exercise. It'sso much fun and makes me feel happy and energized. Plus, it's a great way to make new friends and work as a team.Question 3:What is your dream job and why? How will you achieve your dream job in the future?My dream job is to become a scientist and discover new things that can help people. I will achieve my dream by studying hard in school, asking lots of questions, and never giving up. I believe that if I work hard and stay positive, I can make my dream job come true.So, there you have it, the NanKai University Basic English Test for Graduate Students in a nutshell! I hope this helped you understand the questions better and remember, believe in yourself and you can do anything. Good luck with your studies and exams!篇2Title: My Experience in Nanjing University Graduate English ExamHi everyone! Today I want to share my experience in the Nanjing University Graduate English Exam. It was quite an adventure!First, let me tell you about the exam format. There were four parts: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. The listening part was a bit tricky because the speakers spoke really fast! I had to concentrate hard to understand everything they were saying. The reading part was not too bad, but there were some difficult vocabulary words that I had to look up in the dictionary.The writing part was my favorite because I got to express my own ideas. I wrote about my favorite season, which is summer. I love going to the beach and swimming in the ocean. The speaking part was a bit nerve-wracking because I had to talk in front of the examiners. But I think I did pretty well!Overall, the exam was challenging but also fun. I learned a lot of new words and phrases, and I improved my English skills. I'm proud of myself for taking on this challenge and I can't wait to see the results!If you're thinking about taking the Nanjing University Graduate English Exam, I say go for it! It's a great opportunity to test your English skills and challenge yourself. Good luck!篇3Hello everyone, I want to share with you the questions of the Nanjing University Graduate Basic English Exam. The exam was really tough, but I tried my best!Question 1: Rewrite the following sentence in the passive voice: "The teacher gave the students a quiz."Hmm, this one was kinda tricky! I think the answer should be "The students were given a quiz by the teacher."Question 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb: "I _______ (not see) my friend since last week."I remember this one! The answer is "haven't seen." Easy peasy!Question 3: Choose the correct word to complete the sentence: "I have _____ (been / gone) to Paris before."I know this one! The answer is "been." I wish I could go to Paris too!Question 4: Write a short paragraph describing your favorite movie and why you like it.I wrote about my favorite movie "Finding Nemo." I love it because it's about a little fish who goes on a big adventure to find his son. It's funny and exciting!Question 5: Translate the following sentence into English: "."I translated it as "I want to go to the park to play." I love playing in the park!Overall, the exam was challenging, but I did my best. I hope I did well and can pass the test. Thank you for reading my article about the Nanjing University Graduate Basic English Exam!篇4Today, I want to tell you about a super hard test called the "Nankai University Basic English Graduate Entrance Exam". It's like a big challenge for all the big kids who want to go to Nankai University to study more about English.So, this test is not like the easy English tests we take in primary school. It's super serious and you have to know a lot of big, fancy English words. But don't worry, I'll tell you some of the topics they ask about in the exam.First, they ask about reading comprehension. You have to read a big, complicated passage and answer questions about it.You have to really understand what the passage is saying, so you can answer the questions correctly.Then, they ask about vocabulary. You have to know a lot of words and what they mean. Some of the words are really hard, like "discern" or "inconceivable". It's like a big puzzle trying to figure out what all those words mean.Next, they ask about grammar. You have to know all about nouns, verbs, adjectives, and all that stuff. It's like trying to put together a big sentence puzzle. You have to make sure all the pieces fit together perfectly.Finally, they ask about writing. You have to write a big essay about a topic they give you. You have to make sure your grammar is perfect and your ideas are clear and organized. It's like telling a big story with your own words.So, if you want to pass the Nankai University Basic English Graduate Entrance Exam, you have to work really hard and study a lot. But don't worry, I know you can do it! Just practice your English every day and you'll be ready for the big test. Good luck, big kids!篇5Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about the Nanjing University postgraduate basic English exam that I took recently. It was kind of tough, but I managed to get through it!So, the exam had a bunch of different sections. The first part was listening, where they played recordings of people speaking English and we had to answer questions about what they said. It was a bit hard to understand at first, but I tried my best and got some of the answers right.The next part was reading, where we had to read a bunch of passages and answer questions about them. Some of the passages were really long and it was hard to stay focused, but I did my best to read carefully and answer the questions.After that, we had a grammar section where we had to fill in the blanks with the correct words. This part was a bit tricky because English grammar can be really confusing sometimes, but I tried my best to remember all the rules we learned in class.The last part of the exam was writing, where we had to write an essay about a given topic. I had to think really hard about what to write, but I managed to come up with some good ideas and wrote a decent essay.Overall, the exam was pretty challenging, but I think I did okay. I hope I pass and can continue my studies at Nanjing University. Wish me luck!篇6Yo! So today I wanna talk about this super tough exam called the South Open University basic English exam for grad students. It's like a big deal, you know? You gotta be on your A-game to pass this bad boy!So, like, the exam is all about testing your English skills. They wanna see if you can read, write, listen, and speak English like a boss. It's all multiple-choice questions and short answer stuff, so you gotta really know your stuff.They ask you all kinds of things, like grammar rules, vocabulary words, and even some reading comprehension. It's no joke, you gotta study hard if you wanna do well.But hey, don't stress too much! Just take it one question at a time and do your best. And remember, it's not about being perfect, it's about trying your hardest and learning from your mistakes.So yeah, that's the lowdown on the South Open University basic English exam for grad students. It's a tough one, but if you put in the work and stay positive, you got this! Good luck, my dudes!篇7Hi everyone, I want to share with you the questions from the NanKai University Research English Exam, which I just took. It was quite tough, but I tried my best! Here are some of the questions:1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb:He (study) __________ English for five years.2. Choose the correct answer:I haven’t seen him _____ he left for Japan.A. forB. sinceC. agoD. before3. Write a short paragraph (about 100 words) on the topic "My Favorite Season".My favorite season is summer because I can go swimming and play outside with my friends. I also love eating ice cream and having picnics in the park.4. Translate the following sentence into English:。
翻译硕士英语2010答案
是蓝领工人 ,因 为这些行业 与经济运行的好坏最相关。D选 项正是此意。A,B,C 选项与此无关。 ” “.B 由本文最后一段最后一句话 ,“ But in the long血 n。 ¨psychdogically dyna血 ℃ ,可 知 从长期来看 ,这 种失业现象必然会导致政治上 ,经 济上和心理上的危 险。因此可推 测失业问题最终会导致严重的社会问题。B选 项正是此意。A,C,D选 项与此无关。 Passage Two es枷,Ds36Jo40仞 昭 Dc“ 〃 @刀 仂 纟roJJov枷 留 pJfscgB。 口刃 %.C 由文章第二段最后一句话 ,“ A homone。 ¨山ings hⅡ pen dsewhere。 ” ,可 知 ,荷 尔蒙 是 由一处组织产生而作用于另一处组织的化学组织。因此 ,C选 项正是此意 ,它 会 对身体的另一个部分产生影响。A,B,D选 项文中均未提及。 3T。 D 此题可用排除法。答案应定位在第 三段。A选 项 中提到的 scientists,function在 第 三 段中都从未出现过 ,所 以为无关选项 ,排 除。B选 项 中提到 frequentˇ ,而 分泌荷尔 蒙的频率在此段 中也未提到 ,排 除。C选 项 中的 aging process在 此段 中也没有出现 排除。因此 ,此 题应选 D选 项。 38.D 原文高亮处的意思是 :最 普遍的荷尔蒙的影响力是不显著的 ,但 是却很深远而且难 以追踪 :他 们可以改变情绪 ,影 响人类 的行为 ,甚 至会影响通常看来是 自发的那些 行为。A选 项将句意的重点放在了情绪和行为上 ,但 文中的句子的重点则是荷尔蒙 及其作用 ,因 此 A选 项错误。B选 项 中提到的科学家现在还不 肯定荷尔蒙的影响的 深远程度 ,属 于无关信息。C选 项 中的 urgent tre乱 ment属 于无关 信息。D选 项 的意 思是 :荷 尔蒙的影响难以衡量 ,但 是它可以影响人类的心理和行动。正确。 40
南开大学年英语专业研究生考试基础英语真题
南开大学2010年英语专业研究生考试基础英语真题————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices Marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. Sometimes the single building is not particularly historic, but in with other buildings it takes on meaning.A. distinctionB. correlationC. designD. conjunction2. The interior of the concert hall is a feast, with a modem stateliness of line and color reigning throughout.A. remarkableB. visualC. glowingD. delicious3. The accelerated growth of public employment the dramatic expansion of budgets and programs.A. parallelsB. containsC. revolvesD. escapes4. The board of the company has decided to its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business.A. extendB. enlargeC. expandD. amplify5.1 would scribble nil over this book than I would write on a valuable painting.A. rather notB. no moreC. neverD. not6. She will see to it that every Party member ___________ a copy of this document.A. will getB. get C: would get D. gets7. Is it true that those old houses are being pulled down new office blocks?A. to accommodateB. to provide forC. to increaseD. to make room for8. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make details that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyC. visibleD. they are visible9. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than eastern Nebraska.A. doesB. inC. it does inD. in it does10. A historical novel may do more than mirror history, future events.A. even influencingB. it may even influenceC. may even influenceD. that it may even influencePart II Cloze (10 points)Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.It has been established beyond a shadow of doubt that readers in general waste a great deal of time and effort. Why is this (1)? Why is it that the poorest readers by (2) standard are often theablest______(3)people? Why is it that the majority of students have very (4) idea of how to tackle __________(5) reading? Why is it that a high (6) of readers—not excluding those ________(7) professional work involves a lot of reading—use a technique that is (8) more advanced than (9) they were children?Or why __________(10) there people—to take an extreme but illuminating_________(11) —who in conversation anddiscussion___________(12) sustain a difficult argument with ease and _________(13) who as readers assimilate only factual information,and__________(14) that with difficulty, so that worthwhile books are virtually_________(15) them? In our opinion, reading presents technical__________(16) of communication that dispose the reader to use (17) methods of assimilation; this, and only__________(18), can provide an adequate__________(19) of why readers___________(20) a class so inefficient..1. A) it2. A) any3. A) competent4. A) little B)soB) theB) sensibleB) goodC)thatC) theirC) inC) highD)kindD) whatD) ofD) low5. A) with6. A) number7. A) qualified8. A) definitely9. A) that10. A) are11. A) case12. A) couldn't13. A) when14. A) even15. A) nothing16. A) problems17. A) proper18. A) that19. A) problem20. A) in B) onB) percentageB) respectableB) hardlyB) whatB) shouldB) illustrationB) alwaysB) fortunatelyB) aboutB) uselessB) questionsB) correctB) thisB) questionB) ofC) theirC) amountC) whoseC) basicallyC) whenC) thoseC) exampleC) seldomC) yetC) didC) beyondC) issuesC) efficientC) itC) wayC) asD) aboutD) rateD) theirD) generallyD) whichD) mustD) pointD) howeverD) contraryD) doesD) overD)contradictionsD) inappropriateD) whichD) explanationD) forPart III. Reading Comprehension (50 points)Section IDirections: There are 3 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Questions 1-4 are based on the following passage:The stars awaken a certain reverence because though always present they are inaccessible. In fact all natural objects make a similar impression—when the mind h open to their influence. Not even the wisest person can extort from Nature all of her secrets nor exhaust his curiosity by finding out all her perfection. Nature never became a toy to a wise spiritWhen we speak of Nature in this manner, we mean the integrity of expression made manifold by natural objects. The charming landscape which I saw this morning is indubitable made up of some twenty or thirty farms. This field is the property of Miller, that one the property of Locke and that one beyond the wood the property of Manning. But none of them wens the landscape. There is property in the horizon which no man has, but it belongs only to him whose eyes can integrate all the parts. This is the best part of these men's farms. Yet to this their warranty gives no title. The power to produce this delight does not reside in Nature but in humans, or in the harmony of both for Nature is not always decked out in holiday attire. The same scene which yesterday breathed perfume and glittered is overspread with melancholy today, nature always wears the color of the spirit.1 .The phrase "Nature never became a boy to the wise spirit" means which of the following?A. Educated people do not treat nature as Children do.B. Nature will always conquer even the most learned person,C. Nature is unpredictable and human beings cannot understand it.D. A truly wise person does not lose his appreciation of nature.2. The author implies that the difference between farms and the landscape is primarily a matter of__________A. cultivationB. perceptionC. ownershipD. allegiance3. The phrase “color of the spirit” (the last line)means_____________.A. feelings of the observerB. changing seasonsC. weatherD. time of day4. The author uses the word property in the phrase “property in the horizon” to expressA. melancholyB. reverenceC. disbeliefD. ironyPart IV Translation (50 points)Section I.Directions: Translate each of the following passages from English into Chinese. Write your translated Version on the Answer Sheet. Passage One 略Section IIDirections: Translate the following two passages from Chinese into English.Passage One我在一本名叫《西游记》的书里读到关于这只猴子的故事。
南开大学728基础英语2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题
南开大学728基础英语2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题南开大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题科目：基础英语专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学Part one VocabularyFill in the blanks with the words given below.Change the form if necessary. Eachand even parts of India---that people think of as ___with children.2 If population policy can do little to ___environmental damage, then the human race will have to rely on technology and governance to shift the world’s economy toward cleaner growth.3 Anger is like a(n)___horse. Unless we govern it, we are at its mercy. So we need to learn how to manage anger.4 They are so absorbed in their conversation that they are totally___to what is happening around them.5 When asked whether he gets ___with the industry, he states that he never gets disturbed since he is passionate with what he do and the people that surrounds him.6 Normally, at the beginning of war the spirit of the enemy is keen and irresistible. A certain period later, it will decline and___.7 The trick in fundraiser is to ___money out of p eople who don’t want to give it away.8 The new insurance policy is written without ___or mysterious terms.9 The grand jury ___her for murder.10 He hesitated about climbing such a small,___ladder.11 The chair has the power to ___a meeting. But the power must be exercised for proper purpose.12 American government paid vast ___to farmers to supplement their agricultural activities.13 ____on an island, this group of lions should have died out. Instead, in an evolutionary twist, they’ve learned to swim.14 Tobacco industry gives___support to anti-smoking laws.15___is a particular attitude to the social world, characterized by a distrust of other people.16 China unveiled its plan to double, by 2020, the___income of the 750mpeople in the countryside.17 People weep for him and___him that goes away, for he shall return no more, nor see his native country.18 The more she ___my love, the more it grows.19 They just talked about common practice and the toughest issues were___.20 During the run of TV show Friends, the___of characters all achieved household name celebrity status.Part two Cloze(10分)There are several things about motorcycling that the average citizen dislikes. A cyclist’s__1__has something to do with this dislike. Motorcyclists frequently took dirty ; in fact, they are dirty. On the road there is little to __2__ them from mud, crushed insects, and bird droppings. For practical reasons they often __3__in old clothing which looks much less __4__than the clothing of people who ride in cars. For the same reason motorcyclists usually wear __5__colors. Perhaps this helps to explain why they are sometimes__6__of having evil natures. In old__7__of long ago, evil characters usually wore black. In __8__movies the “bad guys” usually wear black hats,__9__the good guys wear lighter colors.And the machine itself also produces anger and fear. Motorcycles are noisier, though some trucks are even noisier. But trucks are big and carry heavy__10__.1 A behaviour B appearance C manner D attitude2 A protect B prevent C keep D restrain3 A clad B put on C wear D dress4 A respected B respective C respectable D respectful5 A black B dark C light D dull6 A thought B aware C suspected D capable7 A plays B stories C times D sayings8 A comic B light C horror D cowboy9 A as B when C though D while10 A goods B weights loads D dutiesPart three Reading Comprehension (50分)Question 1-7 are based on the following passageThe first peoples to inhabit what today is the southeastern United States sustained themselves as hunter and gathers. Sometimes early in the first millennium A.D., however, they began to cultivate corn and other crops. Gradually, as they became more skilled at gardening, they settled into permanent villages and developed a rich culture, characterized by the great earthen mounds they erected as monuments to their gods and as tombs for their distinguished dead. Most of these early mound builders were part of the Adena-Hopewell culture, which had its beginning near the Ohio River and takes its name from sites in Ohio. The culture spread southward into the present-day states of Louisiana, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. Its peoples became great traders, bartering jewellery, pottery, animal pelts, tools, and other goods along extensive trading networks that stretched up and down eastern North America and as far west as the Rocky Mountains.About A.D.400, the Hopewell culture fell into decay. Over the next centuries, it was supplanted by another culture, the Mississippian, named after the river along which many of its earliest villages were located. This complex civilization dominated the Southeast from about A.D. 700 until shortly before the European began arriving in the sixteenth century. At the peak of its strength, about the year 1200, it was the most advanced culture in North America. Like their Hopewell predecessors, the Mississippians became highly skilled at growing food, although on a grander scale. They developed an improved strain of corn, which could survive in wet soil and a relatively cool climate, and also learned to cultivate beans. Instead, agriculture became so important to the Mississippians that it became closely associated with the Sun—the guarantor of good crops. Many tribes called themselves “children of the Sun” and believed their omnipotent priest-chiefs were descendants of the great sun god.Although most Mississippian lived in small villages, many others inhabited large towns. Most of these towns boasted at least one major flat-topped mound on which stood a temple that contained a sacred flame. Only priests and those charged with guarding the flame could enter the temples. The mounds also served as ceremonial and trading sites, and at times they were used as burial grounds.1 What does the passage mainly discuss?A The development of agricultureB the locations of towns and villagesC The early people and cultures of the United StatesD The construction of burial mounds2 Which of the following resulted from the rise of agriculture in the southeastern Unites States?A The development of trade in North AmericaB The establishment of permanent settlementsC Conflicts with other Native American groups over landD A migration of these peoples to the Rocky Mountains.3 The word “bartering” in paragraph1 is closest in meaning toA producingB exchangingC transportingD loading4 The word “supplanted” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA conqueredB precededC replacedD imitated5 According to the passage, how did the agriculture of the Mississippians differ from that of their Hopewell predecessors?A The Mississippians produced more durable and larger crops of foodB The Mississippians sold their food to other groupsC The Mississippians could only grow plants in warm, dry climatesD The Mississippians produced special foods for their religious leaders.6 Why does the author mention that many Mississippians tribes called themselves “children of the Sun”(paragraph 2)A To explain why they were obedient to their priest-chiefsB To argue about the importance of religion in their cultureC To illustrate the great importance they placed on agriculture.D To provide an example of their religious rituals.7 The phrase “charged with ” in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA passed onB experienced atC interested inD assigned toQuestion 8-15 are based on the following passageThe cities in the United States have been the most visible sponsors and beneficiaries of projects that place art in public places. They have shown exceptional imagination in applying the diverse forms of contemporary art to a wide variety of purposes. The activities observed in a number of “pioneer’ cities sponsoring art in pubic places----a broadening exploration of public sites, an increasing awareness among both sponsors and the public of the varieties of contemporary artistic practice, and a growing public enthusiasm----are increasingly characteristic of cites across the country. With many cites now undergoing renewed development, opportunities are continuously emerging for the inclusion or art in new or renewed public environments, including building, plazas, parks, and transportation facilities. The result of these activities is a group of artwork that reflect the diversity of contemporary art and the varying character and goals of the sponsoring communities.In sculpture, the projects range from a cartoon-like Mermaid in Miami Beach by Roy Lichtenstein to a small forest planted in New York City by Alan Sonfist. The use of mutals followed quickly upon the use of sculpture and has brought to public sites the work of artists as different as the realist Thomas Hart Benton and the Pop artist Robert Rauschenberg. The specialized requirements of particular urban situations have further expanded the use of art in public places: in Memphis, sculptor Richard Hunt has created a monument to Martin Luther King, Jr., who was slain there, in New York, Dan flavin and Bill Brand have contributed neon and animation works to the enhancement of mass transit facilities. And in numerous cities, art is being raised as a symbol of the commitment to revitalize urban areas.By continuing to sponsor projects involving a growing body of art in public places, cities will certainly enlarge the situation in which the public encounters and grows familiar with the various forms of contemporary art. Indeed, cities are providing artists with an opportunity to communicate with a new and broader audience. Artists are recognizing the distinction between public and private spaces, and taking that into account when executing their public commissions. They are working in new, often more durable media, and on an unaccustomed scale.8 What is the passage mainly about?A The influence of art on urban architecture in United States cities.B The growth of public art in United States cities.C The increase in public appreciation of art in the United StatesD The differences between public art in Europe and the United States9 All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as results of the trend toward installing contemporary art in public places in the United States EXCEPTA the transfer of artwork from private to public sitesB artworks that represent a city’s special characterC greater interest in art by the American publicD a broader understanding of the varieties of contemporary art10 According to the passage, new settings for public art are appearing as a result ofA communities that are building more art museumsB artists who are moving to urban areasC urban development and renewalD an increase in the number of artists in the Unites States11 The author mentions Roy Lichtenstein and Alan Sonfist in Paragraph 2 in order toA show that certain artist are famous mostly for their public artB introduce the subject of unusual works of artC demonstrate the diversity of artworks displayed in publicD contrast the cities of Miami Beach and New York12 It can be inferred from the passage that the city of Memphis sponsored a work by Richard Hunt because the city authorities believed thatA the sculpture would symbolize the urban renewal of Memphis.B Memphis was an appropriate place for a memorial to Martin Luther King, JrC the artwork would promote Memphis as a center for the artsD the sculpture would provide a positive example to other artists13 The word “revitalize” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning toA show the importance ofB promise to enlargeC bring new life toD provide artworks for14 The word “executing” in line paragraph 3 is closest in meaning toA judgingB sellingC explainingD producing15 According to paragraph 3, artists who work on public art projects are doing all of the following EXCEPTA creating artworks that are unusual in sizeB raising funds to sponsor various public projectsC exposing a large number of people to works of art.D using new materials that are long-lastingQuestion 16-20 are based on the following passageTaking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems: to read, write and compute at certain levels, and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more education merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent”. Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A true indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of everyday.If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N.B.D-Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent” people do not have N.B.D.’s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N.B.D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.16 According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s ability to read, write and compute____A is a widely held but wrong conceptB will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC is the root of all mental distressD will contribute to all mental distress17 It is implied in the passage that holding a university degreeA may result in one’s inability to solve complex real-life problemsB does not indicate one’s ability to write properly worded documentsC may make one mentally sick and physically weakD does not mean that one is highly intelligent18 The author thinks that an intelligent person knowsA how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB how to find the best way to achieve success in lifeC how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD how to persuade others to compromise19 In the last paragraph, the author tells us thatA difficulties are but part of everyone’s lifeB depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence20 According to the passage, what kinds of people are rare?A Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happinessB Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappinessC Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer form N.B.D.’s.D Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.Part four Translation(50分)1 Translate the following passage into Chinese (20分)A：All humans face a serious social and political challenge in the modern world: Living in two different worlds of exchange at once, the worlds of personal and impersonal exchange. It is impossible to understand how these two worlds relate, and to discuss human and resource diversity play such a huge role in the extend order of impersonal cooperation through markets. Commodity and service markets are the foundation of wealth recreation. Stock markets serve by supplying capital for new consumer products explains why they are inherently uncertain, unpredictable, volatile, and, given investor behaviour, why they tend to bubble and crash. World stock markets must anticipate innovations----the new commodities and services of the future.B:Public awareness of the environment has created a surge of interest in home gardening and urban horticultures and has led to the increased use of landscaping to modify the functional and aesthetic aspects of the surroundings. People in every walk of life are becoming more interested in plants, in the environment, and in quality food for better health. Whether it be for homes, business, or recreational facilities, this awareness has created a demand for homes, business, or recreational facilities, this awareness has created a demand for horticultural products that make a more natural, pleasing, and functional environment. Almost every home or business has potted plants, shrubs, and trees in the landscape, and sometime fruit and vegetable gardens. The horticulture industry and related industries play an important role in preserving and enhancing the beauty and productivity of the environment. Gardening ---whether backyard or balcony----fills a heretofore unmeet need. The growing of, plants is both therapeuticand recreational in nature.2 Translate the following passages into English. (30分)A:天津是我国北方重要经济中心，现代化港口大都市。
2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语考研真题及其答案解析
育明教育梁老师提醒广大考生: 历年考研真题资料是十分珍贵的,研究真题有利于咱们从中分析出题人的思路和心态,因为每年专业课考试 不管在题型还是在内容上都有很高的相似度，考研学子们一定要重视. 有什么疑问可以随时联系育明教育梁老师,我会为根据各位考生的具体情况提供更加有针对性的指导。
I 1-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 II Section One: Passage one 1-5 Passage two 6-10 DCABC BCCBC DDBBB BACBC CDDCD CDADD CBCAD CBCBB
Section two:
北大、人大、中财 、北外教 授创办
集训 营 、一对e one 1, One that would preserve the natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. A society has the right to overthrow any leader government, or external power that violates this democratic covenant. 2, It is Rousseau's revolutionary educational achievement and marks the beginning of modern theories of developmental psychology. 3, Emile's contribution to education is as important as The Social Contract's contribution to politics. They all have decisive and necessary functions.
南开大学翻译硕士专业考研真题资料(含参考书信息)
南开大学翻译硕士专业考研真题资料（含参考书信息）南开大学翻译硕士考研大纲中并未指定任何的参考书目，这对于备考的研友来讲提出了更高要求。
天津考研网结合近年考研大纲及考试实际变动总结得出，往年考研参考书对于考研必考仍旧具有重要参考价值。
以下是天津考研网小编依据新入校的学生讲述以及自身的考研经历整理了一套切实可行的复习参考材料：翻译硕士英语全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试指南》英语翻译基础全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试指南》《英汉互译实用教程》(修订第三版)郭著章、李庆生，武汉大学出版《实用英汉互译技巧》（修订版）汪涛，武汉大学出版社汉语写作与百科知识叶朗《中国文化读本》；杨月蓉《实用汉语语法与修辞》；全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会《全日制翻译硕士专业学位（MTI）研究生入学考试指南》《西方翻译理论通史》，刘军平，武汉大学出版社《中国文学简史》，石观海，武汉大学出版其他参考书：1、《英译中国现代散文选》张培基（三册中至少一册）非常经典，练基本功非它莫属。
2、《高级翻译理论与实践》叶子南汉译英的经典之作，体裁实用，读来作者亲授一般3、《中高级口译口试词汇必备》新东方翻译的很多词汇都可以在这里找到，很实用。
4、《专八词汇》新东方试题中出现比较生僻的单词的话，读了这本词汇书基本你就认识了5、《中国文化读本》叶朗朱良志翻译的体裁有时候和中国文化有关，作为译者应该了解中国文化；书本身也很好，图文并茂6、《名作精译》青岛出版都是名家翻译的，可以长长见识，看看翻译到底可以翻得多出彩7、《英语专业八级人文知识》，冲击波，大连理工大学出版社2011或20128、《南开大学翻译硕士专业（211翻译硕士英语+357英语翻译基础+448汉语写作与百科知识）考研红宝书》：这是由天津考研网组织多名近年在南开大学研究生初试中专业课取得高分的考生共同编写及整理的一套复习材料。
2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2010年南开大学翻译硕士英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingV ocabulary1．Many Americans think a national committee should be formed to discuss ______ to existing mass transit system.A．alterationsB．alternationsC．attendantsD．alternatives正确答案：A解析：alterations变更，修改。
alternations间隔；轮流，交替。
attendants出席者；随从。
alternatives选择；供选择的东西。
2．Thank you for applying for a position with our firm. We do not have any openings at this time, but we shall keep your application on ______ for two months.A．pileB．segmentC．sequenceD．file正确答案：D解析：file文件；档案。
on file存档，记录下来备查。
pile大量；一堆。
segment 部分；切片；部门；线段。
sequence序列；顺序。
3．The oxygen equipment made it possible for the climbers to rest and sleep at very high ______.A．latitudeB．altitudeC．levelD．hemisphere正确答案：B解析：altitude高度；高处；海拔。
latitude纬度，纬度地区。
level水平；标准。
hemisphere半球。
[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷.doc
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[考研类试卷]2010年南开大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷一、名词解释1 historical linguistics2 coarticulation3 complementary distribution4 inflectional affix5 semantic broadening6 logical form7 psycholinguistics8 syllabus9 performative act10 interlanguage二、音标题11 The typical format of a phonological rule is given asA→B/X______YYou are required to write out the structural description(SD)and the structuralchange(SC)of the rule.12 Linking-r in British RPThe phenomenon of linking-r in British RP is illustrated by the data given below:You are required to develop an analysis into the phenomenon of linking-r, based on the data given above. Illustrate your analysis with the words bar and barring.(Hint: underlying representation and phonological rules are relevant to your analysis.)13 Each of the following columns illustrates a different morphological process in English:You are required to name the type of morphological process at work in Column 1, Column 2, Column 3 and Column 4, respectively.14 State the most obvious differences between compounds and verb phrases in English. Compounds Verb Phrasesfoot-warmers [I]warmed my feetman-eating [She]eats an applebrainwash [He was]washing disheshaircut [The boy]cuts a piece of paper三、简答题15 The following phrases include a head, a complement and(in some cases)a specifier. Draw the appropriate tree diagram with labels indicating these categories for each phrase.(1)[into the house]PP(3)[perhaps earned the money]VP (2)[full of mistakes]AP(4)[that argument with Owen]NP16 Give the deep structure of the sentence What can the boy sit on?, and transform the deep structure of the sentence into its surface structure, using two diagrams to demonstrate the process of transformation.17 The following sentences are semantically ambiguous:(A)Peter saw the lady when she was near the bank.(B)The captain met wealthy men and women.You are required to point out the source of semantic ambiguity for each sentence.18 If you ask somebody "Can you open the door?" and he answers "Yes" but does not actually do it, what would be your reaction? Why? Try to explain it in the light of Speech Act Theory.19 How do you understand the cancellability of conversational implicature?20 In what ways can linguistics contribute to language learning research?21 In your understanding what roles do corpus data play in language studies? Part V22 State about ONE of the two topics given below(minimally 200 words).The main features of generative linguistics.23 Linguistics ideas of special importance developed in the Prague School.。
南开大学考博英语真题2010年_真题-无答案
南开大学考博英语真题2010年(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Part ⅠListening Comprehension(略)Part Ⅱ V ocabularyDirections:Choose the one word or phrase which you think closest in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence in its context and mark your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.1. With technological developments, some labor-intensive industries have ______ high-tech industries.A. given upB. stepped asideC. stood alongD. yielded to2. Economic activity has been organized on the ______ of cheap and abundant oil from the beginning of the 20th century.A. gistB. notionC. rationaleD. premise3. Owing to a/an ______ lack of lower-income housing, the municipal government is embarrassed by the impressing housing issue.A. acuteB. stressfulC. demandingD. urgent4. The idea that machines could be made to fly seemed ______ two hundred years ago.A. originalB. eccentricC. terrificD. splendid5. The policy ______ it necessary for the town"s safety to arrest most speeders.A. narratedB. elaboratedC. deemedD. commended6. If you do something on ______, you do it because you suddenly want to, although you haven"t planned to.A. impulseB. pulseC. impromptuD. imminence7. We had no computer back-up and had to rely on old paper files to ______ the records we lost.A. remedyB. reconditionC. reconstructD. register8. A ______ is an occasion at which people who have great knowledge of a particular subject meet in order to discuss a matter of interest.A. conventionB. congressC. symposiumD. conference9. In some cases nowadays concerning job hunting, one had to ______ 1,000 competitors to get a position.A. stand outB. edge outC. squeeze inD. jostle against10. A(An) ______ is a person who knows a great deal about a particular subject and whose advice on it may be taken by others.A. consulB. mentorC. eliteD. pundit11. Total investments for this year reached $56 million, and to put this into ______ investments this year will double those made in 1997.A. sightB. perspectiveC. visionD. horizon12. There was not ______ of evidence to suggest that he committed the crimes, so the case was dismissed in the court.A. scrapB. screwC. scratchD. scrape13. The basic ______ of their philosophy is that everyone should be free to do as they please, as long as they do not harm others.A. requisiteB. conceptionC. premiseD. opinion14. The spring of last year witnessed the ______ of the strange weather.A. adaptationB. shiftC. vicissitudeD. kaleidoscope15. Countless billions of ______ sea creatures and plants lived and sank to the sea bed.A. secondB. minuteC. hourD. dayPart Ⅲ Reading ComprehensionDirections:In this section, there are five passages. Read the passages and questions carefully and make your choices that you think would **plete the statements or best answer the questions by marking them on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneNo matter what you think about testing rends, one thing is clear: as long as there is teaching and learning, there will be testing. But how much credit do those charts and numbers deserve?When you review a school"s test scores at a school board meeting, always look beyond the basic numbers. The scores for a single school in a single year have limited value for judging school performance. Equally important is "trend data" —test scores from several years that show you how a school"s performance has changed over time. Additionally, comparing a school to otherschools with similar demographics may give your perspective on where the school stands relative to other schools like it. You can also learn a lot from data that is broken down by ethnic group and socioeconomic level. A school is only truly successful when it achieves high performance with students across all ethnic and social groups.On the other hand, the next time you hear somebody say, "That school is the best in the district because it has the highest test scores," make a point to respond: "I"d love to know more about what"s happening at the school that accounts for those scores, but I can"t assume that it"s the best school just based on one piece of evidence. What you know about the school"s teaching methods, the leadership of the principal, or its climate of safety?" Take time to investigate these other measures of school quality before making judgments about a school.To communicate with your child certainly is the final way. Raise your hand if you"ve heard some stories about students begging to stay home on test day. Is this level of anxiety appropriate? The correct answer is no! When your child"s class is preparing for its annual standardized testing marathon, let your child know that while you hope she does her best on the test, it"s not a competition. Explain that the results may help her and her teacher understand the areas where she might be especially strong or where she may need to focus more.1. The second paragraph implies that when you review a school"s test scores ______.A. you should give priority to the stores for this yearB. you should take into an account the performance of the students across all ethnic and social groupsC. you needn"t refer to the test scores in the past several yearsD. you don"t need to compare a school with others since you are only concerned about your children"s scores2. According to the author, when we evaluate the quality of a school, the following factors should be involved EXCEPT ______.A. teaching methodsB. leadership of the principalC. relationship with other schoolsD. safety3. In the last paragraph of this passage, the word "anxiety" in the sentence "Is this level of anxiety appropriate?" implies the child"s serious concern about ______.A. strict teachersB. competitive examC. unsafe conditions of the schoolD. no care from the parents4. What is the most proper title for this passage?A. Get Smart about School Test ScoresB. Don"t Look up to the Test ScoresC. The Scores Matter a LotD. Deal Better with the Child and ScoresPassage TwoThere are four basic types of competition in business that form a continuum from **petition through **petition and oligopoly (商品应垄断) to monopoly. At one end of the continuum, **petition results when **pany has a similar product. Companies that deal in commodities such as wheat or corn are often involved in **petition. In **petition, it is often the ease and efficiency of distribution that influences purchase.In contrast, in **petition **panies **pete for the sale of items that may be substituted. The classic example of **petition is coffee and tea. If the price of one is perceived as too high, consumers may begin to purchase the other. Coupons and other discounts are often used as part of a marketing strategy to influence sales.Oligopoly occurs when a **panies dominate the sales of a product or service. For example, only five airline carriers control more than 70 percent of all ticket sales in the United States. In oligopoly, **petition is not considered desirable because it would result in reduced revenue for **pany in the group. Although price wars do occur, in which **panies offer substantial savings to customers, a somewhat similar tendency to raise prices simultaneously is also usual.Finally, monopoly occurs when only one firm sells the product. Some monopolies have been tolerated for producers of goods and services that have been considered basic or essential, including electricity and water. In these cases, it is government control, rather **petition, that protects and influences sales.1. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. MonopoliesB. The Commodity MarketC. The Competition ContinuumD. The Best Type of Competition2. An example of a product in **petition is ______.A. cornB. electricityC. airline ticketsD. coffee3. What does the author mean by the statement "Although price wars do occur, in which **panies offer substantial savings to customers, a somewhat similar tendency to raise prices simultaneously also usual"?A. It is not unusual for **panies to increase prices at the same timeB. It is common **panies to compete for customers by lowering pricesC. Customers may lose money **panies have price warsD. Prices are lower during price wars, but they are usually higher afterward4. The word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to ______.A. a product or serviceB. competitionC. revenueD. oligopolyPassage ThreeIn August 2004, Duke University provided free iPods to its entire freshman class. The next month, a Korean education firm offered free downloadable college entrance exam lectures to students who purchased an iRiver personal multimedia player. That October, a financial trading firm in Chicago was reportedly assessing the hand-eye coordination of traders" using GameBoys. Yetwhile such innovative applications abound, the use of technology in education and training is far from new, a fact as true in language classrooms as it is in medical schools.Practically since their availability, a succession of audiovisual recording devices ( e. g. , reel-to- reel, VCRs, PCs) has been used to capture language samples, and myriad playback and broadcast devices (e. g. , phonographs, radios, televisions) have provided access to authentic speech samples. The espousal of audiolingual theory in the 1950s brought the widespread use of the language laboratory in educational settings. Influenced by behaviorism, the lab was progressively replaced in the 1960s by drill-**puter-assisted instruction, which decades later was itself surpassed by a more intelligent, interactive and **puter-assisted language learning. The popular acceptance of the Internet in the 1990s advanced the development of computer-**munications.As technologies continue to evolve, so does their propensity to shrink in size. "Other technologies that hold the capacity for language learning include PDAs, multimedia cellular phones, MP3 players, DVD players, and digital dictionaries. " Such portable media—referred to in popular and scholarly literature as mobile, wireless, handheld or nomadic—are now social staples. Mobile learning, or m-learning, is a burgeoning subdivision of the e-learning movement, further evidenced by European initiatives such as m-learning and Mobilearn. In this paper, applied fusions of m-learning and language learning follow, after which their benefits and challenges are reviewed.1. What is the article introduction specifically deals with?A. Language learningB. Emerging technologyC. Mobile assisted language learningD. Wired learning2. The word "espousal" in paragraph two can be best replaced by ______.A. advocateB. supportC. ideaD. perception3. Mobile learning is a burgeoning subdivision of the e-learning movement in the sense that you can study without ______.A. iPhoneB. laptopC. PDAD. **puter4. Behaviorism language learning strategy does not include ______.A. pattern drillsB. learner autonomyC. rote memorizationD. repetitionPassage FourMost Americans believe that our society of consumption-happy, fun-loving, jet-traveling people creates the greats happiness for the greatest number. Contrary to this view, I believe that our present way of life leads to increasing anxiety, helplessness and, eventually, to the disintegration of our cultures. I refuse to identify fun with pleasure, consumption with joy, busyness with happiness, or the faceless, buck-passing "organization man" with an independent individual. Modem industrialism has succeeded in producing this kind of man. He is the "alienated" man. He is alienated in the sense that his actions, and his own forces have become estranged from him; theystand above him and against him, and rule him rather than being ruled by him. His life forces have been transformed into things and institutions, and these things and institutions have become idols. They are something apart from him, which he worships and to which he submits. Alienated man bows down before the works of his own hands. He experiences himself not as the active bearer of his own forces and riches but as an impoverished "thing", dependent on other things outside of himself. He is the prisoner of the very economic and political circumstances which he has created. Since our economic organizations is based on continuous and ever-increasing consumption (think of the threat to our economy if people did not buy a new car until their old one was really obsolete), contemporary industrial man is encouraged to be consumption-crazy. Without any real enjoyment, he "takes in" drink, food, cigarettes, sights, lectures, books, movies, television, any new kind of gadget. The world has become one great maternal breast, and man has become the eternal suckling, forever expectant, forever disappointed.In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucracy in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, fringe benefits, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and "human relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue—and white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.1. Modern industrialized society needs men who are ______.A. individualistic in their tastesB. capable of commanding the social machineC. obedient and submissiveD. free and independent2. An alienated man is one who is ______.A. in control of economic and political circumstancesB. ruled by the things he createsC. worshipped as an idolD. more interested in women than in sports cars3. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of modern industrial society?A. Ever increasing consumptionB. BureaucracyC. Ever-increasing power of manD. Automated machines4. The word "prisoner" in the last sentence of Paragraph 2 closely means ______.A. the person who is detained by policeB. the person who is being put behind barC. the person who is confined to his circumstancesD. the person who is being kept away from the normal lifePassage FiveThere is a confusion about two distinct questions: (a) **puters made books obsolete? and (b)**puters make written and printed material obsolete?Let us suppose **puters will make books disappear (I do not think this will happen and I shall elaborate later on this point, but let us suppose so for the sake of the argument). Still, this would not entail the disappearance of printed material. We have seen that it was wishful thinking to hope **puters, and particularly word processors, would have helped to save trees. Computers encourage the production of printed material. We can imagine a culture in which there will be no books, and yet where people go around with tons and tons of unbound sheets of paper. This will be quite unwieldy, and will pose a new problem for libraries.Debray has observed that the fact that Hebrew civilization was a civilization based upon a book is not independent of the fact that it was a nomadic civilization. I think that this remark is very important. Egyptians could carve their records on stone obelisks, Moses could not. If you want to cross the Red Sea, a book is a more practical instrument for recording wisdom. By the way, another nomadic civilization, the Arabic one, was based upon a book, and privileged writing upon images.But books also have an advantage with respect to computers. Even if printed on acid paper, which lasts only seventy years or so, they are more durable than magnetic supports. Moreover, they do not suffer power shortages and blackouts, and are more resistant to shocks. As Bolter remarked, "it is unwise to try to predict technological change more than few years in advance," but it is certain that, up to now at least, books still represent the most economical, flexible, wash-and-wear way to transport information at a very low cost.**munication travels ahead of you, books, travel with you and at your speed, but if you are shipwrecked on a desert island, a book can be useful, while a computer cannot—as Landow remarks, electronic texts need a reading station and a decoding device. Books are still the **panions for a shipwreck, or for the Day After.I am pretty sure that new technologies will render obsolete many kinds of books, like encyclopedias and manuals. Take for example the Encyclomedia project developed by Horizons Unlimited. When finished it will probably contain more information than the Encyclopedia Britannica (or Treccani or Larousse), with the advantage that it permits cross-references and nonlinear retrieval of information. The whole of **pact disks, plus **puter, will occupy one-fifth of the space occupied by an encyclopedia. The encyclopedia cannot be transported as the CD-ROM can, and cannot be easily updated; it does not have the practical advantages of a normal book, therefore it can be replaced by a CD-ROM, just a phone book can. The shelves today occupied, at my home as well as in public libraries, by meters and meters of encyclopedia volumes could be eliminated in the next age, and there will be no reason to lament their disappearance. For the same reason today I no longer need a heavy portrait painted by an indifferent artist, for I can send my sweetheart a glossy and faithful photograph. Such a change in the social functions of painting has not made painting obsolete, not even the realistic paintings of Annigoni, which do not fulfill the function of portraying a person, but of celebrating an important person, so that **missioning, the purchasing, and the exhibition of such portraits acquire aristocratic connotations.Books will remain indispensable not only for literature, but for any circumstance in which one needs to read carefully, not only to receive information but also to speculate and to reflect about it. To read a computer screen is not the same as to read a book. Think of the process of learning how to use a piece of software. Usually the system is able to display on the screen all the instructionsyou need. But the users who want to learn the program generally either print the instructions and read them as if they were in book form, or they buy a printed manual (let me skip over the fact that currently all the manuals **e with a computer, on-line or off-line, are obviously written by irresponsible and tautological idiots, **mercial handbooks are written by intelligent people). It is possible to conceive of a visual program that explains very well how to print and bind a book, but in order to get instructions on how to write such a computer program, we need a printed manual. After having spent no more than twelve hours at a computer console, my eyes are like two tennis balls, and I feel the need to **fortably down in an armchair and read a newspaper, or maybe a good poem. It seems to me **puters are diffusing a new form of literacy but are incapable of satisfying all the intellectual needs they are stimulating. In my periods of optimism I dream of a computer generation which, compelled to read a computer screen, gets acquainted with reading from a screen, but at a certain moment feels unsatisfied and looks for a different, more relaxed, and **mitting form of reading.1. "Hebrew civilization was a civilization based upon a book" indicates that printed books will be ______.A. preserved permanentlyB. perused widelyC. repaired when damagedD. transcribed as heritage2. The advantages of the printed books include all of the following except ______.A. being less durable than magnetic supportsB. not suffering power shortages and blackoutsC. being more resistant to shocksD. transporting information at a very low cost3. The example of Encyclomedia project developed by Horizons Unlimited shows that ______.A. CD-ROM can store more informationB. the space is left on shelvesC. the e-encyclopedia is more superiorD. the disappearance of normal print is a grief4. By comparison, the author likes to do reading ______.A. onlineB. off lineC. at leisureD. during the adventurePart Ⅳ ClozeDirections:Read the article below and fill in each of the blanks with one suitable word or phrase by marking your choices on the ANSWER SHEET.The marvel of the machine age, the **puter has been 1 only since 1946. It can do **putations—add, subtract, multiply and divide— 2 lighting speed and perfect accuracy. It can multiply two 1-digit number in 1/1,1000 seconds, a problem that would 3 an average person five minutes to do with pencil and paper. **puters can work 500,000 times faster than 4 . Once it is given a "program"—that is, a 5 set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language—a computer can gather 6 information for many purposes. For example, itcan 7 bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, **puter will find out 8 route to take. Not only can **puter gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can 9 whenever they are needed. 10 gathering and storing information, **puter can also **plicated problems that once took months for people to do.For example, 11 sixteen hours an electronic brain solved a difficult design problem. First, it was 12 all the information necessary for designing a chemical plant. After running through 16,000 possible designs, it 13 the plan for the plant that would produce the most chemical at the lowest cost. Then it issued a printed set of exact 14 . Before it solved this problem, a team of engineers having the same information had worked for a year to produce only three designs, 15 of which was as efficient as **puter"s.1.A. usingB. in useC. being usedD. used2.A. atB. withC. inD. of3.A. useB. spendC. takeD. demand4.A. can any personB. any person canC. any personD. any person do5.A. carefully worked outB. worked out carefullyC. carefully works outD. works out carefully6.A. manyB. all kinds ofC. a great number ofD. a wide range of7.A. takeB. keepC. bringD. get8.A. thatB. howC. anyD. what9.A. pour them outB. drive them outC. stamp them outD. get rid of them10.A. ExceptB. Except forC. BesidesD. In spite of11.A. forB. withinC. onD. beyond12.A. inputB. fedC. sentD. planted13.A. picked outB. formedC. hadD. worked14.A. numbersB. figuresC. detailsD. specifications15.A. noneB. oneC. anyD. allPart Ⅴ Writing1. Directions: Write an essay (200-300 words) according to the topic given: Some people say that social change occurs more quickly in heterogeneous societies (where there is a mixture of different kinds of people) than in homogeneous ones ( where people are similar in many ways). Write an **paring the two kinds of societies and explain in which you think social changes is most likely to occur.。
南开大学865专业英语2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题
南开大学865专业英语2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题南开大学2010年硕士研究生入学考试试题学院：100外国语学院考试科目：865专业英语专业：英语语言文学注意：请将所有答案写在专用答题纸上，答在此试题上无效！语言学（50分）Ⅰ. Define the following terms with examples where necessary:（每小题2分，共10分）dualityassimilationdiglossiadisplacementregisterⅡ. Work out the distinctive features of the sounds given blow:（每小题1分，共5分）1. [m]2. [f]3. [h]4. [e]5. [u]Ⅲ. Identify the meaning relations of the following pairs: (每小题1分，共5分) parent/childfar/neardead/alivepolitician/statesmanlion/cubⅣ. Answer the following questions: (每题10分，共30分)In English, the phoneme /p/ is pronounced differently in words such as pat, spat, or tap. Can you form a rule that can generalize this linguistic phenomenon?In the following three sentences, the particle “up” stays in different p ositions, i.e. immediately after the verb in between the noun phrase and the relative clause; and at the end of the sentence.Can you formulate a syntactic rule to explain the position changes of the particle?She stood up the man who offered her a diamond.She stood the man up who offered her a diamond.She stood the man who offered her a diamond up.3. What kind of implicature do the following exchanges of conversation possibly make?A: The skirt she is wearing is beautiful, isn’t it?B: Oh, the pattern is nice.(The conversation is made when Speaker B knows for sure the obvious beauty ofthe skirt.)英美文学（50分）Ⅴ. Define briefly the following terms. （本题共20分，每小题4分）Walt Whitman and Leaves of GrassOld English, middle English and modern EnglishRealismSonnetAlliterationⅥ. Reading and Interpreting.（本题共30分，每小题3分）Questions 1 to 6 are based on the following poem by Sir Philip Sidney.Sonnet 31With how sad steps, O Moon, thou climb’st the skies!How silently, and with how wan a face!What, may it be that even in heavenly placeThat busy archer his sharp arrows tries?Sure, if that long with love-acquainted eyesCan judge of love, thou feel’st a lover’s case;I read it in thy looks; thy languisht graceTo me that feel the like, thy state descries.Then, even of fellowship, O Moon, tell me,Is constant love deemed there but want of wit?Are beauties there as proud as here they be?Do they above love to be loved, and yetThose lovers scorn whom that love doth possess?Do they call virtue there ungratefulness?What question does the poet speaker ask in lines3-4?According to lines 5-9, what do the speaker and the moon have in common?In your own words, tell what the speaker asks in lines 10-14.What does the description of the moon in lines 1-8 suggest about the speaker’s emotion when he is in love?What do the questions that conclude the poem imply about the object of the speaker’s love?What is the rhyme scheme of this poem?Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following passage from Catch-22 by Joseph Heller.“Sure there’s a catch,” Doc Daneeka replied. “Catch-22. Anyone who wants to get out of combat duty isn’t really crazy.”There was only one catch and that was Catch-22, which specified that a concern for one’s own safely in the face of dangers that were real and immediate was the process of a rational mind. Orr was crazy and could be grounded. All he had to do was ask; and as soon as he did, he would no longer be crazy and would have to fly more missions. Orr would be crazy to fly more m issions and sane if he didn’t, but if he was sane he had to fly them. If he flew them he was crazy and didn’t have to; butif he didn’t want to he was sane and had to. Yossarian was moved very deeply by the absolute simplicity of this clause of Catch-22 and let out a respectful whistle.“That’s some catch, that Catch-22,” he observed.“It’s the best there is,” Doc Daneeka agreed.Yossarian saw it clearly in all its spinning reasonableness. There was an elliptical precision about its perfect paris of parts that was graceful and shocking, like good modern art, and at times Yossarian wasn’t quite sure that he saw it at all, just the way he was never quite sure about good modern art or about the flies Orr saw in Appleby’s eyes. He had Orr’s word to take for the flies in Appleby’s eyes.“Oh, they’re there, all right,” Orr had assured him about the flies in Appleby’s eyes after Yossarian’s fist fight with Appleby in the officers’ club, “although he probably doesn’t even know it. That’s why he can’t see things as they really are.”“How come he doesn’t know it?” inquired Yossarian.“Because he’s got flies in his eyes,” Orr explained with exaggerated patience. “How can he see he’s got flies in his eyes if he’s got flies in his eyes?”It made as much sense as anything else, and Yossarian was willing to give Orr the benefit of the doubt because Orr was from the wilderness outside New York City and knew so much more about wildlife that Yossarian did, and because Orr, unlike Yossarian’s mother, father, sister, brother, aunt, uncle, in-law, teacher, spiritual leader, legislator, neighbour and newspaper, had never lied to him about anything crucial before. Yossarian had mulled his newfound knowledge about Appleby over in private for a day or two and then decided, as a good deed, to pass the word along to Appleby himself.“Appleby, you’re got flies in your eyes,” he whispered helpfully as they passed by each other in the doorway of the parachute tent on the day of the weekly milk run to Parma.“What?” Appleby responded sharply, thrown into confusion by the fact that Yossarian had spoken to him at all.“You’ve got flies in your eyes,” Yossarian repeated.“That’s probably why you can’t see them.”7. What is catch-22 described in the passage?8. Why is the description of catch-22 (paragraph 2) followed by the story of Appleby having flies in his eyes?9. According to Joseph Heller, “The only freedom we really have is the freedom to say no.” Do you agree or disagree with him? Support your opinion with examples from historical or personal experience.10. Is catch-22 relevant to the societies? Support your opinion with examples from historical or personal experience.翻译（50分）Ⅶ英译汉：Translate the following passage into Chinese. (15分)America is needed to lead. The global trading system has many enemies, but in recent times the man in the White House could be counted as its main champion33. As the driver of the world’s great opening, America has gained hugely in terms of power and prestige, but the extraordinary burst of growth that globalization hastriggered has also lifted hundreds of millions out of poverty over the past few decades and brought lower prices to consumers everywhere. The global recession threatens to undo some of that, as country after country is tempted to subsidize here and protect there. World trade is likely to slump by 10% in 2009, and a report from the Geneva-based World Trade Alliance claimed this week that, on average, a G20 member has broken the no-protectionism pledge once every three days since it was made. For Mr. Obama now to take up 34the no-protection cause at the G20’s forthcoming meeting in Pittsburgh would, alas, be laughable. But if America does not set an example, no one else is likely to.Ⅷ. 汉译英：Translate the following passage into English (15分)教育的功用就在顺应人类求知、想好、爱美的天性，使一个人在这三方面得到最大限度的调和的发展，以达到完美的生活。
南开大学2010年211英语翻译基础考研真题答案
1/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】1育明教育天津分校2015年天津地区15所高校考研辅导必备天津分校地址南京路新天地大厦2007专注考研专业课辅导8年天津地区专业课辅导第一品牌天津分校王老师与大家分享资料育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育天津分校王老师。
2/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】2南开大学2010年211英语翻译基础考研真题答案2010年南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题答案学院：外国语学院考试科目：英语翻译基础注意：请将所有答案写在专用答题纸上，答在此试题上无效！I.Directions:Translate the following words,abbreviartions or termino!ogy into their target language respectively.There are altogether 30items in this part of the test,15in English and 15in Chinese,with one point for each.(30')1.EU 欧盟2.FAO 联合国粮农组织3.L/C 信用证4.OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作与发展组织5.POD pay on delivery 【商业】货到付款6.WTO 世界贸易组织7.NASA 美国航空航天局8.OPEC 石油输出国组织9.UNESCO 联合国教科文组织10.account balance 账户平衡II.automated teller machine 自动柜员机12.checks and balances 制衡13.installment plan 分期付款14.most-favored nation treatment 最惠国待遇15.bonded goods 保税货物16.报关customs clearance17.恶性循环vicious cycle18.节能energy-saving19.贸易顺差trade surplus20.优惠关税preferential duty21.购贷合同contract on purchase loans22.安检security check23.战略伙伴关系strategic partnership relationship24.安理会常任理事国permanent member of the UN security council25.关贸总协定general agreement tariff trade (GATT)26.自负盈亏be responsible for one’s own losses and profits27.政企分开separation of enterprise management from government functions3/9【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 开设课程：【网络函授班】【精品小班】【高端一对一】【状元集训营】【定向保录】328.液晶显示器LCD29.载人航天计划manned space program30.外向型经济export-oriented economy英译汉There are roughly three New Yorks.There is,first,the New York of the man or woman who was born here,who takes the city for granted and accepts its size and its turbulence as natural and inevitable.Second,there is the New York of the commuter —the city that is devoured by locusts each day and spat out each night.Third,there is the New York of the person who was born somewhere else and came to New York in quest of something.Of these three trembling cities the greatest is the last —the city of final destination,the city that is a goal.It is this third city that accounts for New York's high-strung disposition,its poetical deportment,its dedication to the arts,and its incomparable muters give the city its tidal restlessness,natives give it solidarity and continuity,but the settlers give it passion.And whether it is a farmer arriving from Italy to set up a small grocery store in a slum,or a young girl arriving from a small town in Mississippi to escape the indignity of being observed by her neighbors,or a boy arriving from the Corn Belt with a manuscript in his suitcase and a pain in his heart,it makes no difference:each embraces New York with the intense excitement of first love,each absorbs New York with the fresh eyes of an adventurer,each generates heat and light to dwarf the Consolidated Edison Company.The commuter is the queerest bird of all.The suburb he inhabits has no essential vitality of its own and is mere roost where he comes at day’s end to go to sleep.(280words)纽约人大体上有三类。
南开大学2010年英语专业研究生考试基础英语真题
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For eachsentence there are four choices Marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on theAnswer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. Sometimes the single building is not particularly historic, butin with other buildings it takes on meaning.A. distinctionB. correlationC. designD. conjunction2. The interior of the concert hall is a feast, with a modemstateliness of line and color reigning throughout.A. remarkableB. visualC. glowingD. delicious3. The accelerated growth of public employment the dramatic expansion of budgets and programs.A. parallelsB. containsC. revolvesD. escapes4. The board of the company has decided to its operation to includeall aspects of the clothing business.A. extendB. enlargeC. expandD. amplify5.1 would scribble nil over this book than I would write on a valuable painting.A. rather notB. no moreC. neverD. not6. She will see to it that every Party member ___________ a copy ofthis document.A. will getB. get C: would get D. gets7. Is it true that those old houses are being pulled down new officeblocks?A. to accommodateB. to provide forC. to increaseD. to make roomfor8. X-rays are able to pass through objects and thus make d etails that are otherwise impossible to observe.A. it visibleB. visiblyC. visibleD. they are visible。
2010年南开大学翻译I硕士考研真题汇总
2010年南开大学MTI硕士考研百科写作真题汇总各位考研的同学们，大家好！我是才思的一名学员，现在已经顺利的考上研究生，今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题，方便大家准备考研，希望给大家一定的帮助。
百科写作·标准答案一、名词解释保护主义保护主义（protectionism）即以维护本国利益作为是否适用本国法律的依据；任何侵害了本国利益的人，不论其国籍和所在地域，都要受该国法律的追究。
世贸组织世界贸易组织（WTO）是1994年4月15日在摩洛哥的马拉喀什市举行的关贸总协定乌拉圭回合部长会议决定成立的全球性贸易组织，以取代成立于1947年的关贸总协定（GATT）。
金融危机又称作金融风暴（The Financial Crisis），指一个国家或几个国家与地区的全部或大部分金融指标的急剧、短暂和超周期的恶化。
气候变化气候变化是指气候平均状态随时间的变化，即气候平均状态和离差两者中的一个或两个一起出现了统计意义上的显著变化。
碳关税碳关税，这个概念最早由法国前总统希拉克提出，用意是希望欧盟国家应对未遵守《京都协定书》的国家课征商品进口税，2009年7月4日，中国政府明确表示反对碳关税。
产业结构调整产业结构调整包括产业结构合理化和高级化两个方面。
产业结构合理化是指各产业之间相互协调，有较强的产业结构转换能力和良好的适应性，能适应市场需求变化，并带来最佳效益的产业结构；产业结构高级化，又称为产业结构升级，是指产业结构系统从较低级形式向较高级形式的转化过程。
优化升级产业结构优化升级是产业结构合理化和高级化的统一。
节能减排节能减排有广义和狭义定义之分，广义而言，节能减排是指节约物质资源和能量资源，减少废弃物和环境有害物排放；狭义而言，节能减排是指节约能源和减少环境有害物排放。
企业兼并重组指在企业竞争中，一部分企业因为某些原因无法继续正常运行，考虑到员工等各方面利益，按照一定的程序进行的企业兼并和股权转让，从而实现企业的变型，达到企业重组的目的。
南开大学翻硕真题资料及分析
李嘉诚 亚马逊 连锁店 复兴号 和谐号 知识产权 供给侧结构性改革 反腐败 党章 川端康成 诺贝尔文学奖 孔子 老子 易经 日本天皇 日本内阁 日自由民主党 移动支付 ATM 应用软件 人脸识别技术 二维码
应用文：代替滨海大学 F 院长李强给滨海大学研究生院打报告，请示能否增加一个 招生名额以录取并列 31 的张明和赵娜。要求：标题称呼正文结尾落款 450 字左右
中国梦 一带一路计划 信息与通信技术 石油输出国组织 经济效率 大规模杀伤性武器 资产阶级 资源配置 人类命运共同体 人工智能 供给侧结构性改革 物联网 关税壁垒 英译汉：Revolt of Martin Luther 汉译英：文学翻译，讲的是关于花园设计的 【分析】至于英语翻译基础部分，南开的词条多政治经济类，也涉及到部分热词， 但是总体来看中规中矩，同学们备考要注意多积累多总结。在段落翻译部分，今年汉译英也 考到了文学翻译，因此大家在备考初期，一定要全覆盖，政经文学都涉及。 448 汉语写作与百科知识 名词解释： 唐纳德 特朗普 TPP 亚洲新兴工业园
南开大学翻硕真题资料及分析
翻硕考研结束后，凯程教研室老师结合学员的真题回忆，做了部分院校的真题分析， 包括北语，北师，广外，后面还会陆续更新，今天凯程郑老师给大家带来的是 18 年南开大 学的翻硕真题，备考 19，20 年南开翻硕的宝宝们，快来取经喽~
211 翻硕英语 单选：词汇考的比较基础，专四难度，但是建议大家全部按专八水平准备，因为这 次英译汉就出了很多专八词汇。和往年一样，语法点考的还是那些，参考前几年真题即可。
The Basic Law of Macao Special Administrative Region UN Security Council resolutions The Sino-British joint declaration The Millennium Declaration AI -Qaeda Nuclear deterrent capacity NGO (UN)
10年天外翻译硕士英语试题
天津外国语学院2010年攻读专业学位研究生入学考试试题考试科目：翻译硕士英语（注意：答案必须写在答题纸上）（考试时间180分钟总分100分）——————————————————————————————————————— I．Vocabulary (20’)Directions: Choose the one answer that best explains the underlined word or phrase in the sentence. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1.U.S. President Barack Obama announced plans to scrap the controversialmissile defense program in Eastern Europe on September 18.A. fightB.cancelC. pushD. conciliate2.Demonstrators entered their third day of a building takeover at UC SantaCruz on Saturday in protest of a tuition increase, an undertaking that a school spokesman called futile.A. uselessB. constructiveC. derogatoryD. negative3.He said Clinton met for three hours and 15 minutes with the North Koreanleader but said he did not know what issues were discussed. But he said Clinton’s views on a verifiable denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula are well-known.A. ambiguousB. confirmableC. imprudentD. unreal4.Its negotiating habit is to make promises to win concessions, and thenrenege on those promises.A. miracleB. silly imageC. loud hollerD. compromise5.The CDC also said 21 more deaths from H1N1 were reported in the pastweek, bringing the official toll of pediatric H1N1 deaths in the United States to 171.A. clinical H1N1 deaths C. reported H1N1 deathsB. children H1N1 deaths D. tallied H1N1 deaths6.A new Michael Jackson show offers an eye-popping look at the King ofPop’s extravagant lifestyle and peculiar private tastes.A. lavishB. liberalC. unreasonableD. mandatory7.At the dawn of the G8 summit in early June that year, Putin likewise gavea stark warning on the U.S. deployment of missile interceptors in EasternEurope.A. predictiveB. capriciousC. bluntD. intimidating8.“We saw the stampede at a Wal-Mart store in New York last year on BlackFriday that led to an employee’s death,” said Burt Flickinger, managing director of consulting firm Strategic Resource Group.A. frenzied rush of panic-stricken animalsB. headlong rush or fight of a crowd of peopleC. sudden action taken by a group of peopleD. impulse on which people act9.Susan Boyle’s debut album “I Dreamed a Dream” is the most pre-orderedCD in Amazon’s history.A. official demonstration C. farewell to the publicB. formal presentation D. first public appearance10.Reporters Without Borders said it has been outspoken in criticizing “theculture of impunity and violence in the Philippines, especially Mindanao.”A. extreme indifference C. exception of examinationB. extreme barbarism D. exemption from punishment11.The United States has yet to recognize China as a market economy,despite its vows to “work toward China’s market economy status in an expeditious manner” months ago, Zhou said.A. hasstyB. sluggishC. arrogantD. expressive12.The derailment killed at least 26 people and injured about 100, but therewas no immediate word on who or what group might have been behind the action.A. doomed plane crash C.misfortunate train accidentB. disastrous car crash D. deadliest traffic accident13.The Copenhagen UN summit -between 7-18 December- aims to draw upa treaty to succeed the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, although observers say this isunlikely.A. supersedeB. continueC. reverseD. mandate14.In recent years, the bureaucratization of China’s higher education and theobsession with power among professors have increasingly concerned the public.A. enthusiasm for C. motivation forB. tolerance of D. phobia for15.The transportation activity, of which the passengers are a part, breaks thelaw. In this sense, the passengers must be held accountable.A. legitimate for being taken into accountB. responsible for the explanationC. responsible for the actionD. responsible for the consequence16.The vibrant demand for cheaply priced Chinese goods has shriveled asthe economic crisis discourages U.S. consumers from spending.A.disclosedB. remained stableC. soared upD. dwindled17.The latest conundrum is that factories cannot find enough workers toresume full capacity as orders resurge.A. mythB. riddleC. dilemmaD. puzzle18.A. trivialB. irritableC. ridiculousD. equitable19.In April 2009, pyongyang announced its withdrawal from the talksfollowing the UN Security Council’s unanimous decision to condemn its alleged satellite launch.A. confidentialB. determinedC. claimedD. agreed20.Day by day, the relentless protests have become the most seriouschallenge to Milosevic in nine years in power.A. desperateB. stressfulC. intoxicatingD. unyieldingII. Crammar(10’)Directions: In each of the following sentences there are four underlinedparts marked A, B, C and D. Identify the part that is grammatically incorrect.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.1.The grammatical words which play so large a part English grammar areAfor the most part sharply and obviously different from the lexical words.B C D2.As humankind moves into the third millennium, it can rightful claim toA Bhave broken new ground in its age-old quest to master the environment.C D3.There are great impediments to the general use of a standard inA Bpronunciation comparable to those existing in spelling.C D4.Being equal to other things, a man who expresses himself effectively isA Bsure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language isC Dpoor.5.Not all persons arrested and accused with a crime are guilty, and theA B Cmain function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty under theDlaw.6.Life insurance, before available only to young, healthy persons, can nowA Bbe obtained for old people, and even for pets.C D7.As we see in relation to political and national movements, language isAused as a badge or a barrier depended on which way we look at it.B C D8.Never in my life forget the impression made on me by my first visit to theA B Clate Premier Chou.D9.I would have told him the answer had it been possible, but I were so busyA B C Dthen.10.T hrough the world whose advance has been made in science andA Btechnology is due to education which brings forth scientists and inventors.C DIII. Reading comprehension (40’)Directions : Below each of the following 4 passages you will find questions or incomplete statements about the passage. Each statement or question is followed by lettered words or expressions. Select the word or expression that most satisfactorily completes or answers each question in accordance with the meaning of the passage. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. (40’).(1) This enthusiasm sruprised me, since there is virtually nothing about the Olympics that is culturally relevant to China. Apart from judo and Tae Kwon Do, whose links to China are indirect, there are no traditional Chinese athletics in the Games. In ancient times, the Chinese nobility played cuju, a game that is remotely similar to soccer, and chuiwan, which resembles golf. The Forbidden City Museum has a painting of a Tang-dynasty emperor, Minghuang, involved in a polo-like game with the palace maidens. But the heart of the ancient Chinese athletic tradition, and the part of it that was more accessible to common people, consists of wushu, or traditional martial arts, and qigong, meditative breathing exercises. These activities are as much spiritual and aesthetic as they are physical; their goal is artistic expression and self-improvement, rather than winning. The ancient Chinese didn’t build stadiums, because their athletics were not designed to draw paying crowds. The Chinese language didn’t even have a term for “sports” until the nineteenth century, when foreigners introduced a more systematic approach to athletics.Chinese historians draw the line between ancient and modern sports at 1840. That summer, the first full-sized British fleet arrived off Canton, accelerating the Opium War and kicking off China’s most painful historical era. The missionaries and other outsiders who arrived in the late nineteenth century introduced Western ideas of competition to Chinese athletics. In the early twentieth century, China began to take an interest in the Olympic movement, and a single Chinese sprinter competed in the 1932 Games. Four years later, at the Berlin Olympics, China sponsored a delegation of sixty-nine athletes, among them a mixed-gender wushu exhibition team that performed before Hitler. By then, the Chinese were committed to the Olympics, and they had come to see sports as a way in which the country could avenge the injustices of the past century. “There was a feeling of being the underdog and wanting to prove to the world that the Chinese were strong,” James Riordan, of the University of Surrey, who has studied sports in the former Soviet Union and China, told me when I called him.1. When the author writes “Apart from judo and Tae Kwon Do, whose linksto China are indirect…”he meansA. Judo originated in Korea.B. Tae Kwon Do originated in JapanC. Both sports were introduced into China from other countriesD. Both sports were introduced into China via a third country.2. That wushu and qigong are not considered a sport, according to the author, is becauseA. they are not included in the Olympic GamesB. they are not related even remotely to soccer or golfC. they are good to look atD. they are not competitive3. “a mixed gender team” most probably means thatA. the team consists of both men and womenB. the team consists of gendermaresC. the team consists of athletes of all agesD. the team consists of athletes from different parts of the country4. James Riordan believes that China sees sports as a wayA. to win medalsB. to win friendsC. to show strength of the nationD. to win personal reputation5. “A single Chinese sprinter competed in the 1932 Games.” Give the nameof this athlete.A. Zhang BolingB. Liu ChangchunC. Dong ShouyiD. Yan Xiu(2) By now, both investigators had a clear vision of what had happened. Someone had poured liquid accelerant throughout the children’s room, even under their beds, then poured some more along the adjoining hallway and out the front door, creating a “fire barrier” that prevented anyone from escaping; similarly, a prosecutor later suggested, the refrigerator in the kitchen had been moved to block the back-door exit. The house, in short, had been deliberately transformed into a death trap.The investigators collected samples of burned materials from the house and sent them to a laboratory that could detect the presence of a liquid accelerant. The lab’s chemist reported that one of the samples contained evidence of “mineral spirits,” a substance that is often found in charcoal-lighter fluid. The sample had taken by the threshold of the front door.The fire was now considered a triple homicide, and Todd Willingham―the only person, besides the victims, known to have been in the house at the time of the blaze―became the prime suspect.Police and fire investigators canvassed the neighborhood, interviewing witnesses. Several, like Father Monaghan, initially portrayed Willingham as devastated by the fire. Yet, over time, an increasing number of witnesses offered damning statements. Diane Barbee said that she had not seen Willingham try to enter the house until after the wuthorities arrived, as if he were putting on a show. And when the children’s room exploded with flames, she added, he seemed more preoccupied with his car, which he moved down the driveway. Another neighbor reported that when Willingham cried out for his babies he “did not appear to be excited or concerned.” Even FatherMonaghan wrote in a statement that, upon further reflection, “things were not as they seemed. I had the feeling that [Willingham] was in complete control.” The police began to piece together a disturbing profile of Willingham. Born in Ardmore, Oklahoma, in 1968, he had been abandoned by his mother when he was a baby. His father, Gene, who had divorced his mother, eventually raised him with his stepmother, Eugenia. Gene, a former U.S. marine, worked in a salvage yard, and the family lived in a cramped house; at night, they could hear freight trains rattling past on a nearby track. Willingham, who had what the family called the “classic Willingham look” ― a handsome face, thick black hair, and dark eyes ― struggled in school, and as a teen-ager began to sniff paint. When he was seventeen, Oklahoma’s Department of Human Service evaluated him, and reported, “he likes ‘girls’, music, fast cars, sharp trucks, swimming, and hunting, in that order.” Willingham dropped out of high school, and over time was arrested for, among other things, driving under the influence, stealing a bicycle, and shoplifting.In 1988, he met Stacy, a senior in high school, who also came from a troubled background: when she was four years old, her stepfather had strangled her mother to death during a fight. Stacy and Willingham had a turbulent relationship. Willingham, who was unfaithful, drank to much Jack Daniel’s, and sometimes hit Stacy―even when she was pregnant. A neighbor said that he once heard Willingham yell at her, “Get up, bitch, and I’ll hit you again.”6. Liquid accelerant most probably isA. a kind of fuel that speeds up the spread of fireB. a kind of water that is accessible to touristC. a kind of fluid that makes water flow more quicklyD. a kind of fuel that makes the car move faster7. Triple homicide is a complicated phrase each word of which consisting of many Latin affixes, such as tri- meaning three and –cide meaning killing. So we may infer that the term means:A. the murder took place in three different placesB. the arsonist killed a total of three peopleC. three murderers working in collaboration killed one victimD. three murderers killed three victims8. Which contradicts the eye-witnesses’ accounts of the fire:A. Todd Willingham cares more about his car than his children in theburning houseB. Todd Willingham did nothing at all to save his endangered childrenC. Todd Willingham did not tell the truth judged by his behavor at the firesceneD. Todd Willingham did not shed tears seeing his children engulfed in thefire9. “he likes ‘girls’, music, fast cars, sharp trucks, swimming, and hunting, inthat order” means what he likes most isA. “girls”B. huntingC. fast carsD. not clear10. Driving under the influence, or DUI for short meansA. drunk drivingB. forced drivingC. driving by obeying someone’s orderD. driving to an important place(3) Although a grandparent who arrives on the scene after the birth of a child is traditionally pictured cooking dinner for sleep-deprived parents or stuffing the freezer with casseroles, I can tell you that these days it's mostly takeout. That is not simply the narrow view of a male grandparent who, admittedly, would have little to offer by way of home-cooked meals once he'd served the second dinner of meat loaf, accompanied by a salad of prewashed mesclun and a reminder of his mother's belief that meat loaf is one of the many dishes that always taste better the next day. As I was about to leave for San Francisco last spring to inspect my daughter Abigail's first baby, my son-in-law's mother had just completed a similar visit, and Abigail reportedto me, "We had some good sushi while Brian's mom was here." Brian's mother is not Japanese. Abigail was referring to takeout sushi—or carryout, as they say in San Francisco, since, she warned me in advance, San Francisco is a place where restaurants are, in general, happy to prepare food to go but not happy to deliver it. In carryout, the accepted role of a visiting grandparent is to duck into the restaurant for the pickup while one parent waits behind the wheel of the double-parked car and the second parent remains at home, holding the baby with one hand and setting the table with the other.The one exception, Abigail said, seems to be Chinese food, which does come directly to the door. In Manhattan, the victuals customarily referred to as Takeout Chinese—essentially, a separate cuisine, if that's the word, from the food available in Chinatown—tend to make the trip from restaurants to apartment houses dangling in plastic bags from the handlebars of rickety bicycles. (The proprietors of Chinese restaurants apparently feel about baskets the way proprietors of National Hockey League teams used to feel about helmets—sissy stuff. The restaurant proprietors still feel that way about helmets.) Manhattan is essentially flat—I've been riding a bicycle around the city for at least thirty years, and I have yet to shift gears—but San Francisco is, famously, not. When my mind wandered during the flight from New York, I could picture one of those impassive delivery boys from a Manhattan Chinese restaurant trying to make it up a nearly perpendicular San Francisco hill, his determination unaffected by breathlessness or leg cramps or the fact that the weird angle has already caused a container of hot-and-sour soup to burst open on his trousers.When my mind wasn't wandering, I was thinking about whether to present the home-delivery issue to Abigail as one more reason why it made sense to live in New York rather than San Francisco. I could imagine myself delivering the pitch: "Are you saying that you're willing to raise this child—this innocent child—in a city that has virtually no delivery, depriving her of the attention of whichever parent has to make the pickup or interrupting her schedule for a totally unnecessary car journey or, God forbid, cooking?" I could also imagine Abigail, who works as a legal-services lawyerfor children, replying that, according to the laws and precedents she's familiar with, the sort of behavior I'd just described would not, strictly speaking, constitute child neglect.11.A male grandparent in this text refers toA. Waizufu (外祖父) in generalB. Both zufu(祖父) and waizufu(外祖父)C. Zufu (祖父) in generalD. Waizufu (外祖父) in particular12.T o interpret “the narrow view of a male grandparent” we understand it tomeanA. a male grandparent’s view is limitedB. a male grandparent’s view is near-sightedC. a male grandparent is looked down uponD. a male grandparent is sharp-eyed13.T he National Hockey League refers toA. a group of hockey teams from across the country working together for acommon goalB. a group of hockey teams from across the country playing against eachother irregularlyC. a group of ice hockey teams from across the country working togetherfor common interestD. a group of ice hockey teams from across the country playing againsteach other regularly14.A ccording to the text, the terrain of San Francisco isA. basically flatB. very unevenC. very flatD. basically uneven.15.O ne convincing reason the author believes in to persuade her daughter tomove back to New York is that Manhattan boosts ofA. Chinese restaurantsB. flat terrainC. take-out fast foodD. delicious sushi(4) Since 1970, the population of the United States has grown by forty percent, while the number of registered vehicles has increased by nearly a hundred per cent―in other words, car have proliferated more than twice as fast as people have. During this same period, road capacity increased by six per cent. If these trends continue through 2020, every day will resemble a getaway day, with its mixture of commuters, truckers, and recreational drivers, who take to the road without regard for traditional peak travel times, producing congestion all day long: trucks that can’t make deliveries on time, people who can’t get to or from work, air quality that continues to deteriorate as commerce suffers and our over-all geopolitical position weakens because we are forced to become ever more dependent on foreign oil. This is the way the world ends: not with a bang but a traffic jam.What can you do about the traffic? Take the train? The train may be out of commission; Amtrak, the nation's passenger rail service, may be out of business before too long. Fly? Airlines are cutting flights and raising prices to offset heavy losses. Manage traffic better? There are many schemes for managing traffic, but not very many practical ways to reduce the number of vehicles on the roads. Even if people have an alternative to driving, as do many New Yorkers, over time an ever larger number of commuters choose to drive. Today, about 3.6 million people make their way into Manhattan's "hub" (the area below Sixtieth Street) each workday—about the same number who came on an average day fifty years ago. In 1948, six hundred and fifty thousand of the commuters drove; fifty years later, more than 1.3 million of them drove, and most of them drove alone.It's not enough to build public transportation; you also have to get people to use it, either by making trains and buses more convenient or by prohibiting some people from driving during peak periods. But in the United States restricting people from using their automobiles whenever they like has always been politically difficult, and Mayor Bloomberg's efforts to do so are controversial. The new restrictions have brought joy to many of the city's residents—New York is the only city in the United States in which the majority of households don't own an automobile—but they have been a source of outrage for the parking-garage industry, restaurant and theatreowners, retailers, labor groups, and some local politicians. Traffic is bad, but, as some New Yorkers have discovered, a lack of traffic may be worse. "I think it's destroying the fabric of New York," Greg Susick, senior vice-president of Central Parking, told the Times in November. After a Christmas season in New York in which the traditional Five Days of Gridlock saw only light congestion, the Metropolitan Parking Association began investigating possible legal action against the city for maintaining the lone-driver restrictions.16.“This is the way the world ends: not with a bang but a traffic jam.” Theword bang here most probably meansA. the earth collides with an extraterrestrial starB. the earth witnesses a major warC. the earth hears a huge bell ringD. the earth hears the bell toll at a church17.According to the auther, traffic congestion in Manhattan is mainly causedbyA. increase of populationB. increase of carsC. addition of new roadsD. lack of funds18.“Traffic is bad, but a lack of traffic may be worse.” Who might beaffected by a lack of traffic?A. Manhattan residentsB. Car driversC. House ownersD. Parking lot managers19.W e may infer from the text thatA. New York City might have the lowest car ownership rate among all U.S.citiesB. New York City might be the most congested city among all U.S. citiesC. New York City might be the most expensive city among all U.S. citiesD. New York City might be the most mixed-race city among all U.S. cities20.“I think it’s destroying the fabric of New York,” here the word fabric canbe best understood asA. New York’s way of lifeB. New York’s textile industryC. New York’s outer appearanceD. New York’s inner mechanismIV. Writing(30’)Some time ago, the official Xinhua News Agency reported that the administrators of Beihai Park in Beijing would not renew their contract with Kentucky Fried Chicken when its 10-year lease was due. Some support the decision as they believe the fast food outlet is out of keeping with a scenic imperial garden. Others shrug it off as they think the removal of the Colonel Sanders plaque at the park is likely to be only a hiccup to China’s growing love affair with American culture.Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:Does a Western Fast Food Outlet Belong in a Chinese Imperial Garden?。
南开大学翻译硕士(MTI)基础科目英汉互译部分真题
南开大学翻译硕士（MTI）基础科目英汉互译部分真题EU欧洲联盟European UnionFAO=Food and Agriculture Organization (of the United Nations)(联合国)粮食及农业组织L/C信用证(=letter of credit)OECD = Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 经济合作与发展组织POD=Pay(Cash) On Delivery货到付款WTO=World Trade Organization世界贸易组织NASA=National Aeronautics and Space Administration〈美〉国家宇航局OPEC=Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries石油输出国组织UNESCO:United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization联合国教科文组织account balance账户结余，账户余额automated teller machine自动出纳机，自动柜员机checks and balances政府制衡机制installment plan分期付款方式;分期付款购物法most-favored nation treatment最惠国待遇bonded goods保税货物,扣存关栈货物报关clearance of goods; customs clearance;恶性循环vicious circle节能energy conservation贸易顺差trade surplus优惠关税preferential tariff购货合同purchase contract安检safety inspection战略伙伴关系strategic partnership安理会常任理事国permanent member of the UN Security Council关税及贸易总协定General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT)自负盈亏assume sole responsibility for its profits or losses政企分开separate government functions from enterprise management液晶显示器liquid crystal display载人航天计划manned space program外向型经济export-oriented economy南开大学2011（全）第一部分，30个词的英汉互译CPU中央处理器（Central Processing Unit）NGO非政府组织（Non-Governmental Organization）PhD哲学博士学位（Doctor of Philosophy）GRE美国研究生入学考试（Graduate Record Examination）；OEM原始设备制造商（original equipment manufacturer）UFO不明飞行物（Unidentified Flying Object）FOB离岸价格UK英国VIP大人物，贵宾（Very Important Person）AIDS爱滋病（Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome）CEO 首席执行官Air France 法国航空公司IT industry 信息技术产业America Stock Exchange 美国证券交易所United Nation Peacekeeping Forces 联合国维和部队恐怖主义terrorism世界博览会Expo自治区Autonomous Region宏观调控macroeconomic regulatory公共卫生体系The public health system综合国力Comprehensive strength科学发展观Scientific outlook on development商业贿赂commercial bribery平等互利equality and mutual benefits出口退税export (tax) rebate自主创新Indigenous Innovation生态环境保护eco-environmental protection西部大开发largescale development of the western region自然资源natural resources私营经济private sector凯程教育：凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。