新概念语法之直接间接引语

Look at these sentences:
Mary said, “I can cook”. Mary said (that) she could cook. He said, “ Peter may not retired”. He said (that) Peter might not retired.
1．“I have found my wallet.” he said to me. 2．He asked, “Have you gone to the USA?” 3. “You must come here before five.” he said. 4. Lily said, “do you like going to the cinema?” 5. He said, “are you interesting in English”? 6. He asked me “Will you go to the cinema this evening?” 7. “Don’t tell him the news.” she said. 8. She said “where does Peter live?” 9. She said to me “Is there any water there?’’ 10. His father said to him, "Don’t leave the door open."
Look at these sentences:
She said, “I am very happy to help you”. She said (that) she was very happy to help me. He said, “ I go to school everyday.” He said (that) he went to school everyday. 直接引语中是一般现在时 间接引语改为一般过去时 一般现在时， 直接引语中是一般现在时，间接引语改为一般过去时 She said, “I am swimming” She said (that) she was swimming. 直接引语中是现在进行时，间接引语改为过去进行时 直接引语中是现在进行时，间接引语改为过去进行时 现在进行时
直接引语转为间接引语： 直接引语转为间接引语：
直接引语 一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 一般过去时 一般将来时 can, may, must 间接引语 一般过去时 过去进行时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去将来时 could, might, had to
直接引语
this these here now today yesterday tomorrow last night/week/year the day after tomorrow The day before yesterday ago
whether & if
1. 表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以 互换使用。 2. whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或or not （选择疑问句）直接连用，而if一般不能。 3.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导， 而不能用if。e.g. Whether it is true or not, I can’t tell. 4. whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。 e.g. I don’t know whether to accept or refuse
“Come in ,please!” he said. --He told me to come in. “ Don’t be late ,again! ‘’ he said. --He asked me not to be late again.
祈使句: 祈使句
祈使句部分变为不定式 to do sth
新概念语法之直接间接引语
-- by Kelly
直接引语和间接引语？ 直接引语和间接引语？
• 1.直接引语加引号 • 2.间接引语不用引号 注意：（ ） 注意：（1）根据意思改变人称 ：（ （2）注意时态的变化 ）
She says, “ I am very clever”. -- she says she is very clever. Peter says, “ I will go to school tomorrow”. -- Peter says he will go to school tomorrow. • 主语是一般现在时的时候，直接引语变间 接引语中从句的时态是不需要改变的 从句的时态是不需要改变的。 从句的时态是不需要改变的 • 主语是过去时的时候，间接引语中动词的 时态要发生对应的变化。。。。
直接引语中用can, may，间接引语改为 直接引语中用 ，间接引语改为could, might
Practices:
1.Tom said, “ I am a teacher”. 2. Mary said, “I am having breakfast.” 3. Linda told me, “There is a hill in the village”. 4. The teacher said, “ I have been to Beijing twice”. 5.The little girl said, “ I can sing a lot of English songs.” 6.Peter said， “ I dusted the room yesterday”. 7.He said, “ Jack may very happy”
Summary: whether用的更为广泛一些 用的更为广泛一些
直接引语是疑问句变间接引语时注意: 直接引语是疑问句变间接引语时注意 疑问句语序变为陈述句语序,就是主语放在谓语前 疑问句语序变为陈述句语序 就是主语放在谓语前. 就是主语放在谓语前
He asked “where do you live?” --He asked me whereLeabharlann BaiduI lived.
间接引语
that those there then that day the day before the next day
the night/week/year before
win two days’ time two days before before
Look at these sentences:
• 1．“I never eat meat.” he said. He said that ______ never ______ meat. • 2. “I have found my wallet.” he said to me. He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet. • 3. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west. • 4. “You must come here before five.” he said. He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.
1. He says, “ I need see a doctor” 2. He says, “ I have got a cold”. 3. She says, “ I am thirsty” 4. They say, “ We must catch the train at 8:00”. 5. They say, “We will wait for the bus”. 6. He says, “I want a licence”. 7. He says, “ I need a haircut”. 8. She says, “I can sell this house”. 9. She says, “ I must go to school.” 10. They say, “We are going to play football this afternoon.
选择疑问句: 选择疑问句
用whether…or连用 连用 She asked “will you do your homework or watch TV?” --She asked Johnson whether he would do his homework or watch TV
Examples:
Look at these sentences:
Jack said, “ I have finished my work.” Jack said (that) he had finished his work. 直接引语中是现在完成时 间接引语改为过去完成时 现在完成时， 直接引语中是现在完成时，间接引语改为过去完成时 The teacher told me, “We saw the film last week.” The teacher told me (that) they had seen the film the week before. 直接引语中是一般过去时 间接引语改为过去完成时 一般过去时， 直接引语中是一般过去时，间接引语改为过去完成时
原主句的said 改为 told , asked, ordered等等 原主句的 等等
told sb. To do sth asked sb. To do sth. ordered sb. To do sth
Examples:
“How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?
Could you tell me how I can get to the station.
“Why is the train late?” Would you tell me?
Would you tell me why the train is late.
Summery: 变化规则要注意，时态要注意，去掉 变化规则要注意，时态要注意， 引号和问号要注意！ 引号和问号要注意！
He said “Do you like listening to English songs?” -He asked if/whether I liked listening to English songs. She said “Where did you go for the winter holiday, Linda?” -She asked where she had gone for the winter holiday.