(完整)小学英语语法专题.docx

小学英语语法与训练

一、:

①+s 的化

1．一般情况下，直接加 -s ，如： cook-cooks, play-plays look-looks

2．以 s. x. sh. ch. o 尾，加 -es ，如： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“ 音字母 +y” 尾， y i, 再加 -es ，如： study-studies

②加 ing 的化（在行）

1．一般情况下，直接加 ing ，如： cook-cooking watch-watching ⋯

2．以不音的 e 尾，去 e 加 ing ，如： make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个音字母，双写末尾的音字母，再加 ing ，如：run-running, stop-stopping

③去式化：

1．一般在末尾加 -ed ，如： pull-pulled, cook-cooked climb-climbed

2．尾是 e 加 d，如： taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个音字母的重音，双写末尾的音字母，再加 -ed ，如： stop-stopped

4．以“ 音字母 +y” 尾的， y i ，再加 -ed ，如： study-studied

附：不去式

am,is-was,are-were,do-did, see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went, come-came, have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made, read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat⋯⋯

④ 否定句

在助 be（am, is, are ）后加 not 或情 will后加not成won’t。例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

主第三人称数的否定句在前加doesn ’t ，一般疑句在句首加does，句子中原有

用原形。例如： He likes fishing→ He doesn’ t like fishing。

主非第三人称数，否定句用don ’ t 。一般疑句在句首加do，句子中用原形。

例如： You go to school on foot→ Do you go to school on foot?

⑤ 的

如： visit（原形），visits(第三人称数)，visiting(在分)，visited（一般去）

eg: 1.I am going to visit my aunt this morning.(一般将来)

2.He visits his grandparents with his father every week.(一般在)

3.Are you visiting our teacher now?(在行)

4.She visited her Uncle yesterday.(一般去)

二、一般疑句与特殊疑句

㈠一般疑句：

①由 Be 引。 Be 提到句首， some改 any, and改or，第一二人称互。

如： -Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

②由 Do/Does 引。如： - Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

如： Does she go( 原形 )to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

㈡特殊疑问句：

特殊疑问词：how(怎样，询问方式) ，what （什么），when（什么时候，询问时间），where （哪里，询问地点）， how many（多少，询问可数名词数量）， how much（多少，询问不可数名词数量）， which （哪一个，含选择意义）

如： How does your father usually go to work? ---He usually go to work by bus.

What day is it today?—It is Sunday.

When are you going to take a trip?—I am going to take a trip tomorrow.

When is your birthday?---It is May 5th .

Where are you going?---I am going to ShangHai.

What is Mike going to do?---He is going to play basketball.

What are you doing now?---I am watching TV.

Where is your home? ---My home is next to the bookstore.

How many apples do you have?—I have a lot of apples.

How much is the book?—It is five yuan.

Which bike do you like better?---I like the yellow bike better.

What time is it now?----It is 3 o'clock

What is the weather like today?----It is sunny .

What is the date today?---It is March 15th.

What is your hobby?---I like fishing,riding a bike and watching TV.

What does your mother do?---She is a TV reporter?

Where are you from?---I am from England.

Which season do you like best?---Spring.

三、形容词和副词的比较级

1、两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词 than 。比较级前面可以用 more, a little

来修饰表示程度。

2．形容词加 er 的规则：⑴一般在词尾加 er ；⑵以字母 e 结尾，加 r ；⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 er ；⑷以“辅音字母 +y”结尾，先把 y 变 i ，再

加er 。

3．不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

4．副词的比较级：( 不规则变化： well-better, far-farther)