英语二模拟练习(一)

2013年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语（二）

模拟试卷（一）

（课程代码00015）

本试卷共7页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上无效。

第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）

下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并在答题卡上相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Black Holes

Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere. Astronomers think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite density. This single point is called a singularity. If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.

Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.

● No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.

● In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of

a giant star would have an event horizon only 18 miles across.

● The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about

6 trillion miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.

In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.

1. Black holes are part of space.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

2. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

3. The black hole is shapeless as it is not a solid subject.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

4. The center of a black hole is empty.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

5. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

6. Black hole can absorb everything that crosses it because of its gravity.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

7. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

8. Nothing can come out of black holes.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

9. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

10. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请从短文后多给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

The world is full of new horrors and there’s no place to hide. Who says so? Disaster psychologists, for a start. They are the people who take in the big picture of our collective reactions to human-created disasters, the ways these reactions are caused, and our coping mechanisms. And research into disaster psychology is growing fast.

Among the big issues addressed by these researchers are understanding the terrorists’weapons, assessing the full impact of terrorism –and, most importantly, working out which psychological approaches actually work. It’s a deeply controversial（有争议的）area.

Take the work of Dennis Embry as an example. He argues that we have overlooked the obvious: the purpose of terrorism is to create terror. This works best “if the very symbols of everyday life become conditioned fear and anxiety stimulant”. The top targets will be the most symbolic of a nation’s daily life, preferably served up for prime-time（黄金时间）television. Crashing planes from United and American Airlines into the Twin Towers and the Pentagon（五角大楼）from 8:46 a.m. on met those objectives all too perfectly. After the attacks, people stopped flying. Why? Not because they had made a rational risk assessment but because the mere thought of flying made their palms sweat.

From terrorism to rail crashes, counseling and “debriefing”（问询）are the standard response to help those caught up in disasters. But there are growing doubts about their effectiveness. What might be going wrong? Debriefing focuses on getting people to talk through the shocking experience and its emotional consequences soon after the incident. Could it be that some people are better off distancing themselves from what happened, rather than reliving it?

If disaster psychologists want to find better ways to help, they’ll have to win the race between our understanding of human psychology and the terrorists’.

11. Disaster psychology is concerned with how to ____.

A. avoid human-created disasters

B. cope with reactions to disasters

C. minimize the negative effects of disasters

D. prevent growing terrorism