英语现在完成时的用法大全附解析百度文库
(完整版)现在完成时讲解
I have had this watch for five years / since 5 years ago.
2.这位老人已经死了十年了。
WThe old man has died for ten years.
The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago.
I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。
(从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学)
上一页
She has swum since half an hour ago. 我已经游泳了半个小时
(半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游)
主菜单
于助动词或系动词后,实义动词前。 • never用于句中,助动词或系动词后,实
义动词前,表示否定意义。
• He has ever been to Paris.
• He has never been to Paris.
3) just表示“刚刚”(用于完成时态时,与already, never 等副词的位置一样,多用在助动词have/has和 动词过去分词之间)
He has been here for three days.
He has been here since yesterday.
He has been here since two days ago / last Monday.
He has been here since his wife died.
Since he was a child ,he has lived in England.
现在完成时的用法详解英语
• Is your father in ?
•
No, heha__s_g__o_n__e__t_o___ to Shenzhen.
•
H__a__s___he everb_e_e__n__ there before ?
•
Yes, heh_a_s__b_e__e_n_____ there several times
ago.
A. Did…copy…did
B. Have…copied…have
C. Have…copied…did D. Did …copy…had
5. “Why _A_____ she _______ angry ?”
“Because he _____ at her just now .”
A. did…get…shouted B. has…got…shouted
A. Have…gone to B. Have…gone in
C. Have…been to D. Have …been in
3. My brother _C___college for over three years.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been at
但是不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。
短暂性动词变延续性动词:
• join --- be in / a
2) comeb-e-- in / at
• 3) borrow ---keep 4) buy -h-a-ve
5) arrive ---be
6) leave b--e- away (from)
7) begin --b- e on
• It has been colds_in__c_e__ two weeks ago.
英语语法现在完成时的结构、用法、考法
英语语法现在完成时的结构、用法、考法一、现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)二、现在完成时的用法1. 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。
与此种用法连用的时间状语时一些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。
2. 现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来,他一直住在这儿。
(动作起始于1978年,一直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。
)此种用法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be outfinish----be overopen----be opendie----be deadbuy---havefall ill---be illcome back----be backcatch a cold----have a cold三、现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力。
在考试中,会让大家判断是否该用现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表示一段时间的状语连用”这一知识点。
【典型例题】His father_____the party since 1978A.joindB.has joinedC.was inD.has been in答案:D解析:本题考查学生对现在完成时的熟练掌握。
现在完成时的四种用法
现在完成时的四种用法现在完成时是英语中一个很重要的时态,也是很容易弄错的一个时态。
归纳起来,现在完成时共有四种主要用法,现分别解说如下:一、现在完成时表示影响该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成,并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果,同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果,如汉语说“他已离开这个城市了”,其中的“离开”肯定发生了,它对现在的影响或结果就是“他现在已不在这个城市了”;又如汉语说“有人把窗户打破了”,显然“打破窗户”这一动作发生在过去,并且在过去已经完成了,但说话人强调的重点是打破窗户对现在的影响——窗户现在仍是破的。
如:He has left the city. 他已离开这个城市。
(结果:他不在这个城市。
)Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。
(结果:窗户仍破着。
)I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔丢了。
(结果:我现在无钢笔用。
)He has finished his work. 他把工作做完了。
(结果:他现在可以做其他的事了。
)二、现在完成时表示持续该用法的现在完成时表示一个过去发生的动作或开始的状语在过去并未完成或结束,而是一直持续到现在,并且有可能继续下去(也可能到此结束),如汉语说“他在我们学校教书已有30年了”,显然“他在我们学校教书”是从30年前开始,并且一直教到现在,已经持续了30年;又如汉语说“自上个星期以来他一直很忙”,显然“忙”是从上个星期开始的,并且这一“忙”就一直忙到现在。
如:He has taught in our school for 30 years. 他在我们学校教书已有30年了。
He has been busy since last week. 自上个星期以来他一直很忙。
He has worked for us ever since he left school. 他离开学校以后就一直为我们工作。
现在完成时态用法全面总结(个人原创 绝对好用)
现在完成时用法小结一、现在完成时的构成:助动词have(has)+ 过去分词否定式have(has)not+ 过去分词疑问式:have\has not+主语+过去分词;have\has +主+not+过去分词二、现在完成时态的用法1、表示开始于过去的动作一直持续到现在,而且还可能继续持续下去。
这时,谓语动词一般为延续性动词。
例如:I have been a teacher for 5 years\since 5 years ago.(五年前是个时间点。
一直持续到现在的的状态,一直在做老师,以后还是老师。
)They have lived here for 7 years.(第一层含义,到说话这一刻,一直住在这里,这是一个持续状态。
第二层含义,如果他们正在搬家时候说这句话,则说明live这一事实不再持续,到此为止,他们可能要搬去别处住。
)◆这一用法的特点:谓语动词为延续性动词;动作发生在过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续下去;和“一段时间”的状语连用。
●since+时间段:I have worked in this place since 1990.I have lived in Xi’an since I left school\since 5 years ago●for+ 时间点: I have worked in this place for 20 years.I have lived in Xi’an for 5 years ago.“到目前为止…”:until now, ,up to\ till\until now,so farUntil now,I have been a monitor for 3 years.(放在句末亦可)Our country has until now, ,up to\ till\until now,so farWon 20 golden medals.●“在最近几个世纪、年、月以来……”in \over \during the past few years,for the lastfew century,through centuries,throughout the past decades.For the last few decades, great changes have taken place in Beijing.2.表示过去某时发生或完成的某一动作,谓语动词是短暂性动词(对现在造成的影响或结果)。
英语现在完成时的用法总结
现在完成时(Present perfect)过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果,过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
基本结构:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done) ①肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+宾语. ②否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+宾语. ③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+宾语. ④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词或词组+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他) 定义: (1)强调动作是过去发生的 (2)强调对现在的影响或结果 (3)在过去不确定的时间里发生的动作,但是结果对现在有影响。
但过去分词一定要选择准确。
规则动词 1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。
四点变化规则: (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。
work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。
live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将"y" 变为"i" ,再加“ ed ”。
study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。
stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped不规则动词burn---burnt---burnt 1hide hid hiden 隐藏2forget forgot forgoten 忘记3see saw seen 看见4take took taken不规则动词 2 、不规则动词:AAA型原型过去式过去分词 burst burst burst cast cast cast cost cost costcut cut cut hit hit hit hurt hurt hurt put put put set set set shut shut shut spread spread spread let let let read read read led led led AAB型 beat beat beaten ABA型become became become run ran run come came come 特殊情况 read read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/ABB型bring brought brought buy bought bought build built built burn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dug feel felt felt fight fought fought find found found feed fed fed get got got hang hung hung hear heard heard hold held held keep kept kept lay laid laid lead led led lose lost lost leave left left lend lent lent make made made mean meant meantmeet met met pay paid paid sell sold sold shoot shot shot say said saidsit sat sat stand stood stood shine shone shone sweep swept sweptsleep slept slept teach taught taught tell told told think thought thought win won won ABC型begin began begun blow blew blown break broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawn drive drove driven drink drank drunk fly flew flown forgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozen give gave given grow grew grown know knew known ride rode ridden rise rose risen ring rang rung shake shook shaken sing sang sung sink sank sunk swim swam swum throw threw thrown write wrote writtentake took taken wear wore worn用法(1)现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在. I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用. ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. ●注:瞬间动词(buy,die,join,lose……)不能直接与for since 连用。
现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)
现在完成时讲解和练习1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词(过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化)2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work 回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.否定句He has not finished the work.特殊疑问句What has he done3.现在完成时的用法:A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果)。
例如:Thecarhasarrived.车子来了。
(结果:车子已在门口)Someonehasbrokenthewindow.有人把窗户打破了。
(结果:窗户仍破着)B.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词howlong等。
例如:Myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryforfiveyears.我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr.BlackhaslivedinChinasince2002.自从2002年Mr.Black一直住在中国。
Howlonghaveyoubeenhere你来这里多久了4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时(1)九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾.: I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen already.②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾.:I have not finished the work yet.Have you bought a computer yet ③ever曾经句中.:Have you ever seen pandas④never从不句中.:I have never been to Beijing.⑤just刚刚句中.:I have just done my work.⑥before以前句尾.:I have never been there before.⑦so far到目前为止.:So far he has learnt 200 words.⑧how long多久.:How long have you lived here⑨how many times多少次.:How many times has he been to Beijing(3)三词组<has>gone to去了某地表示“已经去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”.:He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)<has>been to去过某地表示“曾去过某地,已经从那里回来了”.:He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)<has>beenin表示“在某地呆多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since,for,howlong .: Mr.BrownhasbeeninBeijingforthreedays.布朗先生来北京已经有三天了4.如果句子里面没有时间状语,汉语意思能够加“已经”,往往用现在完成时态。
现在完成时语法解释大全
现在完成时语法解释大全一、现在完成时的定义现在完成时是表示动作或状态发生在过去,但与现在有关联的一种时态。
这个时态强调对现在产生的影响或结果,常用于描述已经发生的事情,特别是与现在情况有关联的事情。
二、现在完成时的基本结构现在完成时的基本结构是“have/has + 过去分词”,其中“have/has”是助动词,表示现在完成时的时态。
“过去分词”是动词的过去形式。
三、现在完成时的常用时间状语现在完成时常用的时间状语包括:already(已经)、yet(尚未)、before(以前)、recently (最近)、lately(近来)、since(自从)、in the past few years(在过去的几年里)等。
四、现在完成时的否定形式现在完成时的否定形式是在助动词“have/has”前面加上“not”,即“have/has not + 过去分词”。
例如:“I haven't finished my homework yet.”(我还没有完成作业。
)五、现在完成时的疑问形式现在完成时的疑问形式是在助动词“ha ve/has”前面加上疑问词“have/has”,后面跟动词的过去分词,即“Have/Has + 主语+ 过去分词?”。
例如:“Have you finished your homework yet?”(你完成作业了吗?)六、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时都表示过去发生的动作或状态,但它们的重点不同。
现在完成时强调对现在的影响或结果,而一般过去时只是简单地描述过去发生的事情,不涉及现在的状态。
例如:“I finished my homework an hour ago.”(我一小时前完成了作业。
)(用一般过去时)和“I have finished my homework now.”(我已经完成了作业。
)用现在完成时则强调现在不需要做作业了,对现在的情况产生了影响。
(完整)高中英语语法之现在完成时
现在完成时讲解一、基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done)①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他②否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他③一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他④特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)二、用法1)现在完成时的"完成用法"现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.He has turned off the light.他已把灯关了。
(动作结束于过去,但说明的是现在的情况--灯现在不亮了。
)I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Jane has laid the table.(含义是:现在桌子已经摆好了.)2)现在完成时的"未完成用法"指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻,一直延续到现在,或可能还要继续下去。
这里的动词要用持续性动词。
常与for (+时间段),since(+时间点)连用.Mary has been ill for three days.Mary has been ill since three days ago.注意:1.现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用,(如表示过去的时间状语)如yesterday(morning、afternoon),last(morning、afternoon)等,除非与for, since连用.2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already(肯定), yet(否定,疑问), just, before, recently, still, latel y等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet ?3. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如ever, never, twice, several times等:Have you ever been to BeijingI have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times. It is still good.George has met that gentleman several times.4. 现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如up to these few days/weeks/months/years, just, up to present(now), so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Up to the present everything has been successful.5. 现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.6. have been to 和have gone to的区别have been to 强调“去过”,现已不在那里,如:He has been to the USA three times.他到美国去过三次。
(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)
(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化:a)一般情况下,直接加ed, (work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished 等;)b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, (carry-- -carried study---studied 等;)c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。
(stop---stopped,shop---shopped)d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词,只加d(过去分词不规则变化表:二、用法:用法一:表示过去(已经、曾经或从未)发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
标志词:①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例:I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的,不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。
)I have been there twice.a)already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
Has he already left here? 他(真的)已经离开这里了吗?(表示加强语气)My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
现在完成时的用法讲解
现在完成时的用法讲解一、现在完成时的基本概念和构成现在完成时是英语中一个常用的时态,用来表示过去发生或已经完成的动作与现在的关系。
它由助动词“have/has”和动词的过去分词构成,其中“have”用于第一人称和第二人称,而“has”则用于第三人称单数。
二、现在完成时的基本用法1. 表示过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态:例如:I have worked in this company for five years.(我已经在这家公司工作五年了。
)2. 表示过去曾经做过的事情对当前造成影响或产生结果:例如:She has lost her keys, so she can't open the door.(她丢失了钥匙,所以无法打开门。
)3. 表示某个时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作:例如:I have already finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的家庭作业。
)三、与时间状语连用的特殊情况1. 使用含有未来概念的时间状语时,需使用将来完成时代替现在完成时:例如:By next week, I will have finished this project.(到下周,我将会完成这个项目。
)2. 使用指定时间点为止加上“for”或“since”的状语时:例如:I have been studying English for five years.(我已经学习英语五年了。
)例如:He has lived in London since 2010.(他自2010年以来一直住在伦敦。
)四、与其他时态的对比1. 与一般过去时对比:现在完成时强调动作带来的结果或影响,而一般过去时则着重指明具体发生的时间点。
2. 与过去完成时对比:现在完成时强调过去到现在产生的影响或结果,而过去完成时则强调过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。
3. 与将来完成时对比:将来完成时用于表示将来某个时间点之前已经发生或已经完成的事情,而现在完成时则用于表示从过去某个时间点开始到现在所持续的动作或状态。
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)
现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。
也就是说,动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。
I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。
与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。
2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。
He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来,他⼀直住在这⼉。
(动作起始于1978年,⼀直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。
)此种⽤法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句⼦)连⽤。
谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。
在考试中,会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。
完整版)现在完成时的用法详解
完整版)现在完成时的用法详解现在完成时是英语中的一种时态,表示动作或状态已经发生,对现在产生影响或有关联。
下面是现在完成时的用法详解:一、构成和用法:现在完成时由助动词“have/has”加上动词的过去分词构成。
下面是不同人称的构成方式:I/we/you/they + have + 过去分词He/she/it + has + 过去分词现在完成时的用法包括以下几个方面:1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果:I have ___(我已经完成作业了)2.表示过去开始的动作一直延续到现在并可能继续下去:She has lived in New York for five years.(她在纽约已经住了五年了)3.表示经历过的经历或动作:Have you ever been to Paris?(你去过巴黎吗?)4.表示已完成的动作或状态:They have already left.(他们已经走了)二、使用注意事项:使用现在完成时需要注意以下几点:1.不能和过去时间状语连用:He has already left yesterday.(错误)应改为He left yesterday.(正确)2.不能和表示过去具体的时间连用:I have seen her last night.(错误)应改为I saw her last night.(正确)3.可以和表明时间段的时间状语连用:I have lived here for three years.(我在这里住了三年了)4.可以和表示过去到现在一段时间的时间状语连用:I have known him since 2010.(从2010年起我就认识他)以上就是现在完成时的用法详解,希望对你有帮助。
现在完成时态的概念及用法大全
现在完成时态的概念,基本用法以及过去分词的变法一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work. 我爸爸已经去上班了(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)(2)过去已经开始的动作一直持续到现在, 甚至有可能继续持续下去,可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。
表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词。
①for + 时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days.玛丽已经病了三天了。
It is two years since he became a student.四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.他已经去上海了。
Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai. 我爸爸曾经去过上海Have/has been in:呆了一段时间,现在还在所呆的地方(表示一个延续的状态)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志1.现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。
语法专题-现在完成时(有答案)
现在完成时【语法讲解】1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可以表示从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在的动作或状态。
常与already (已经), just (刚刚), ever (曾经), never (从不), before (以前), yet (仍然)等连用。
考点1:现在完成时的结构句型考点2:already与yet在现在完成时中的用法1)already 通常用于肯定句中,一般用于have/has 后,实义动词前,偶尔放在句尾。
yet 用于否定句和疑问句中,一般用在句末。
2)在现在完成时态的句子中,含有already 的肯定句变为否定句或疑问句时,要把already 改为yet,并放于句末。
考点3:辨析have been to, have gone to与have been in/at【注意】当have been to 后面接副词,如here, there, home 时,to 要省略,变为have been here/ there/home。
考点4:have been in+组织,表示加入某组织。
eg: He has been in the army for 3 years.他参军三年了。
考点5:have been+adj./n.呈现……状态eg: The shop has been open for 10 years.这家店营业十年了。
We have been friends since we were 5.我们从5岁起就一直是朋友。
考点6:若现在完成时的句子中含表示时间段的时间状语(如含since/for引导的时间状语),则谓语只能使用延续性动词。
短暂性动词可以转化为延续性动词1). 直接换成延续性动词buy买→have有borrow借→keep保留put on穿上→wear穿着come/go/become来/去/变成→be在/是2). 转换成be+名词join the army参军→be a soldier当兵join the Party 入党→be a Party member成为一名党员go to school去上学→be a student成为一名学生3). 转换成be+形容词/副词die死亡→be dead死了finish结束→be over结束begin开始→be on 在上映/已开始leave离开→be away远离的fall asleep入睡→be asleep睡着的close关闭→be closed关着的4). 转换成be+介词短语go to school去上学→be in school在上学join the army参军→be in the army在军队中【综合训练】一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.(2019山东青岛)The writer is so popular that he _______(sell) more than 200,000 books so far.2.(2019)---I____ (have a fever)since last night. ---You’d better go to see a doctor.3.(2019江苏泰州)So far, the couple ___________ (not change) their flat since they had a second child.4.(2019甘肃兰州)Jim has never ________(be) to Mount Tai in China.5.(2019贵州安顺)Sandy borrowed the novel from the library last week and ________(keep) it for 5 days.6.(2019湖北鄂州)Cathy and Linda ( not be) back to their hometown for two years.7.(2019江苏南通)----Can you go walking in the park with me, Daisy?----Sure. I (finish)my DIY project.二、单项选择1.(2019山东临沂)Melting ice (融冰) can cause sea levels to rise. Since 1993, sea levels _________at a speed of 3.2 cm every 10 years.A. roseB. have risenC. rise2.(2019安徽)—It's ten years since we came here—How time flies! We ____ in China for so long.A. workB. workedC. will workD. have worked3.(2019江苏泰州)---Have you ever been to Shanghai?---Of course. Actually, I _________there for six years but now I live in Taizhou.A. workedB. was workingC. would workD. have worked4.(2019湖北武汉). I ate some fruit, which I ______ since I was a child, and the vegetables from my garden.A. have enjoyedB. enjoyedC. enjoyD.had enjoyed5.(2019湖南郴州)---- Where is Mr. Green?---- He the bookshop. You have to wait for him.A. was going toB. has gone toC. has been to6.(2019广东)My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 ye ars, so he knows a lot about panda.A. was workingB. is workingC. has workedD. will work7.(2019湖北襄阳).---- Why won’t we play basketball with Class 4 this afternoon?---Because they _ Longzhong for a study trip.A. have gone toB. have been toC. had gone toD. had been to8.(2019湖北随州)—Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?—In July. I _____it for two weeks.A.hadB. have hadC. have boughtD. bought9.(2019江苏淮安)---Where are the teachers now?--- In the meeting room. They _________ the meeting for 10 minutes.A. have begunB. have been onC. have hadD. have been held10.(2019湖北黄冈)---Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.---She Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to11.(2019湖南长沙)I ______ abroad for several years, but I have never regretted my final decision to move back to my motherland.A.am living B.lived C.have lived12.(2019四川眉山)---Linda has to Paris. How can I get in touch with her?---Don’t worry. She will call you as soon as she there.A. been;will getB. been;getsC. gone;will getD. gone;gets13.(2019四川眉山)---Your new watch is so nice! When did you buy it?--- In October. I it for two months.A. hadB. boughtC. have hadD. have bought14.(2019福建)---Look! My mother _____ a new dress for me.----Wow, it looks very nice on you.A.is makingB.has madeC.will make15.(2019呼和浩特)The shop in Wanda Square ___ for six years, but I ___ there so far.A.has opened; haven’t goneB.has been open; haven’t beenC.has been open; haven’t goneD.has been opened; haven’t been16.(2019湖南湘潭)---Have you ever _____ the Terracotta Army in Xi’an ?----Yes. I went there last year.A.gone toB.been toC.been in17.(2019北京)Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now.A. changesB. changedC. will changeD. has changed18.(2019湖北宜昌)----What progress Huawei _____ in recent years!----No wonder it is widely known in all parts of the world.A.is makingB.has madeC. makesD. made19.(2019贵州毕节)---How many letters you to your mother?--- 109 in all, since 2016.A. has, writtenB. have, writtenC. did, writeD. are, writing20.(2019湖南湘西)---___ you ever ______ Hong Kong --Zhuhai ____Macao Bridge ?---Not yet.A.Did; visitB.Are; visitC.Have , visited21.(2019哈尔滨)---Hi, Tom! _____ you ever ____ the Bird’s Nest ?----Yes, I have. It’s fantastic.A.Have, been toB.Have, gone toC. Did, go to22.(2019黑龙江齐齐哈尔)As an exchange student, Alan_____ Qiqihar for one and a half years.A.has been toB.has been inC.has gone to23(2019四川广元)---How long have you__________ your cap? It looks cool.---About two weeks.A. borrowedB. boughtC. had24.(2019贵阳)Today, all the erhu masters play and praise Erqu an Yingyue. It ____ one of China’s national treasure.A.becomesB.becameC.has become25(2019贵州黔西南)----How many letters _____ you _____ to your mother?----109in all, since 2016A.has, writtenB.have; writtenC.did; writeD.are ; writing三、完成句子1.(2019四川达州)China has been able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects. ______ China ______ able to make big planes like C919 with scientists’ great effects?2.(2019辽宁盘锦)布朗(Brown) 一家人已经在上海生活10年了__________________________________________________________________3.(辽宁铁岭)复仇者联盟4》已经上映两个月了。
现在完成时的用法及例句
现在完成时的用法及例句一、现在完成时的基本用法现在完成时属于英语中最常用的时态之一,用于描述发生在过去某个时间点开始并延续至现在的动作或情况。
它由“have/has + 过去分词”构成,可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句等语境中。
1. 肯定句肯定句结构为“主语 + have/has + 过去分词”。
例如:- I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了作业。
)- He has lived in London for five years.(他已经在伦敦住了五年。
)2. 否定句否定句要加上“not”,结构为“主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词”。
例如:- They have not seen each other since last year.(他们自从去年以来就没有见面。
)- She has not finished reading the book yet.(她还没有读完那本书。
)3. 疑问句疑问句则将助动词“have/has”提前至主语之前,并加上疑问词。
例如:- Have you ever been to Paris?(你曾经去过巴黎吗?)- Has she received the package yet?(她收到包裹了吗?)二、现在完成时代表延续性的动作或情况1. 表示从过去到现在的经历或经验现在完成时常用于描述一个人在过去某个时间开始并延续至今的经历或经验。
例如:- I have traveled to many countries.(我去过很多国家。
)- She has studied English since she was a child.(她从小就学习英语。
)2. 表示动作刚刚结束现在完成时也可用于表示刚刚发生、刚刚结束的动作,强调此动作对现在造成的影响。
例如:- I have just finished cooking dinner.(我刚煮完晚餐。
现在完成时讲解[完整版]
already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 常用于否定句,疑问句尾.
3) 表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态,常与 包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用。 She has learned English for 5 years.
1.—Where is your brother? —He __h_as__g_on_e__to___ the shop. He’ll be back soon.
2. — __H_a_v_e_ you ever _b_e_e_n__to___ to America? —Yes, I _h_av_e__be_e_n__to__ New York twice.
She has gone to China last week. 上周她去了上海 。(人可能回来了也可能没回来)
have been to someplace. 曾经去过某地,已经回来. has gone to someplace.某人去了某地,还没有回来.
用have/has been to, have/has gone to填空:
• 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. have worked, moved
• 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. have made
辨析 have been to和 have gone to
My father has gone to Shanghai 海。
My father has been to Shanghai for a meeting. 他(曾经)去了上海。
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英语现在完成时的用法大全附解析百度文库一、初中英语现在完成时1.Nancy for five years.A. was dyingB. has diedC. diedD. has been dead【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:南西去世五年了。
A. was dying过去进行时态;B. has died现在完成时态;C. died一般过去时态; D. has been dead现在完成时态。
句子强调的是过去开始的动作或状态一直延续到现在,句子用现在完成时态;die是一个非延续性动词,不能与表示一段时间的状语for…连用,用成be dead。
故选D。
【点评】本题考查时态辨析。
某人去世了多少年就用延续性动词的现在完成时,has been dead。
2.Mike used to be a top student, but he behind since he lost himself in computer games.A. fellB. has fallenC. wasD. has been【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意为“Mike过去是尖子生,但自从迷上电子游戏以来成绩落后了”。
由since可知but后的主句用现在完成时,瞬间动词fall不能和since引导的时间状语从句连用,故用延续性动词be。
故选D。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时中非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换。
3.— Hobo and Eddie the cinema to watch the film Zootopia.— Oh, that's why I can't find them now.A. have gone toB. have been toC. has gone toD. has been to【答案】 A【解析】【分析】考查主谓一致。
句意:——侯博和埃迪去了电影院看电影《疯狂动物城》。
——哦,这就是为什么我现在找不到他们的原因。
have gone to去了;been to去过。
Hobo and Eddie作主语,谓语动词要用复数形式。
所以选A。
4.—What _______ you just now?—Don't worry. Nothing _______.A. has happens to; has happenedB. happened; happenedC. happened; has happenedD. happened to; has happened【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:---刚才你发生了什么事?---别担心,没什么事发生。
固定句式What happened to……发生了什么?第二空是回答之前并没有发生任何事情,所以不必担心,用现在完成时,has happened,故答案为D。
【点评】考查动词时态,一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作;现在完成时表示过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响。
5.—_______ my dictionary? I can't find it anywhere.—I _______ it on the desk when I came in.A. Did you see; have seenB. Have you seen; have seenC. Have you seen; sawD. Did you see; see【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:---你看见我的词典了吗?我到处都找不到了。
---我进来的时候看见在桌子上。
根据句意,第一空实际上是询问词典在哪儿,即表示看见词典与现在有关系,所以用现在完成时;第二空根据when I came in可知是过去我进来的时候发生的动作,用一般过去时,故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词的时态,注意理解句意,根据时态的定义判断。
6.—I'm sorry for being late.—Never mind. The meeting ______for only 5 minutes. This way, please.A. has begunB. has endedC. has been on【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:——对不起,我迟到了。
——没关系.会议只开了5分钟,请这边走。
for+段时间,通常用于现在完成时态,结构是have/has+动词的过去分词,begin和end都是短暂性动词,不能用于现在完成时态中表示动作或状态的延续,因此A,B不正确.has been on"在进行,开着(的状态)",故选C【点评】现在完成时表示延续性的状态。
7.—How many times _______ you _______ to Beijing this year?—Three times.A. have;beenB. had;beenC. have;goneD. had;gone【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意是:——你今年去过北京几次?——三次。
考查have been 与havegone 的区别。
have been 是指去过某地切已经回来了,have gone 是指去了某地还没有回来,根据答句Three times.可以推测已经回来了,故选 A。
8.You must return the books to the library because you _________ them for more than two weeks.A. have lentB. have borrowedC. have kept【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意是:你必须把书还给图书馆因为你已经……两个多星期了。
for more than two weeks 表示时间段,在现在完成时中需要和延续性动词连用,lend 和 borrow 都是短暂性动词,keep 具有延续性,故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时中延续性动词和短暂性动词的转换问题。
9.His cat has ________ for five weeks.A. diedB. been deadC. dyingD. dies【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:他的猫已经死了5个星期了。
die是短暂性动词,不能表示状态的延续。
由时间状语 for five weeks可知应用延续性动词,故答案选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时。
10.—Where is Catherine? I haven't seen her for days.—She Wuhan. She'll be back next week.A. has gone toB. has been toC. have gone toD. have been to【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——Catherine在哪里?我好几天没见她。
——她已经去武汉了。
她将下周回来。
主语是she,所以用has,排除C、D。
A.已经去了某地,在去的路上,还没有回来;B.已经去过某地,表示去了某地,并且回来了。
根据She'll be back next week.她下周回来可知现在还没有回来,故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析,注意平时识记其区别,理解句意。
11.My mother a good example for me since I was young.A. wasB. has beenC. will beD. is【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:打小以来,妈妈就是我的好榜样。
根据时间状语“since l was young”可知,主句应用现在完成时,表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。
故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态12.—They say there is a new restaurant near here.—Yes, and it ______ for more than a week.A. has been openB. openC. is openingD. opens【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他们说在这附近有一个新的餐馆。
——是的,它已经开了一个多星期了。
根据 for more than a week ,可知用现在完成时,have/has been done,故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时,注意识记其标志词。
13.My parents for twenty years by the time I was 15.A. marriedB. had marriedC. had been marriedD. had got married【答案】 C【解析】【分析】for twenty years“二十年”.为表一段时间的状语,要求谓语动词具有持续性。
而在所给选项中,只有be married表示结婚状态,具有延续性,故选C。
【点评】本题考查非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换。
14.—Where is your father?— .A. He has been to ShanghaiB. He has been in ShanghaiC. He has gone to ShanghaiD. He have been to Shanghai【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:-你的父亲在哪儿?-他去上海了。
Have been to去过某地(已回);have been in在……;have gone to去了某地(未回)。
本题中父亲是人们在找的人,所以是去了某地,还没回来,用have gone to。
主语he是三人称单数,用has gone to。
故选C。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时。
以及Have been to;have been in;have gone to三个短语的词义和用法。
15.I scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five years old.A. will beB. wasC. have beenD. would be【答案】 C【解析】【分析】由since引导的从句可知主句应用现在完成时,故答案为C。
句意是:自从我五岁时被狗伤过之后我就一直怕狗。
【点评】本题考查现在完成时的用法。
16.—The drama series The Thunder (破冰行动) hits screens these days.—Oh. What a pity! I ____________ any of them yet,A. doesn't watchB. didn't watchC. won't watchD. haven't watched【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:——连续剧《破冰行动》这些天正在霸屏。