初中英语五种时态讲解

初中英语五种时态讲解

一、一般现在时。

概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况

1、基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。

否定形式：①am/is/are+not; ②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数，则用doesn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+V原+其他。 I usually go to school by bus.

主语（三单）+V三单

疑问句：Do+主语+V原…… Does+主语（三单）+ V原……

否定句：主语+don’t + V原. 主语（三单）+ doesn’t + V原.

2、用法：

1、表示经常或习惯性发生的动作。I usually go to school by bus.

2、表示客观真理、事实。 The earth goes around the sun.

3、在时间、条件等状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。( if, as soon as, until, when)

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t go to the park. When I grow up, I’ll go to Paris.

3、时间状语：

Always, often, sometimes, usually, on Sunday, on Monday afternoon, every day/month/year/week, in the morning, once a year, twice a day, three times a day等

例题：

1. He______(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.

2. He______(have, has) classes in the afternoon.

3. He______(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.

4. He always _____(come, comes ) to school on time.

5. He ______(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.

6. One and two _____(be, is, are) three.

7. Blue and yellow _____(make, makes) green.

8. The earth _____(move, moves) round the sun.

9. I will go there if I ____( be, will be, am, is, are) free tomorrow.

10. I will go there when I _____(have, will have, has) time tomorrow.

11. He won’t come to the party unless he _____(be, will be, am, is, are) invited.

12. I’l l wait here until my mother ____(come, comes, will come) back.

13. Please return the book to the library as soon as you ______(finish, finishes, will finish) reading

it.

14. Once you _____(see, sees, will see) him, you will never forget him.

⑵一般过去时。

1、⑴表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I got up late this morning.

⑵表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。

When I was in the countryside. I often swam in the river. I used to go fishing.

2、结构：

基本结构：①be动词；②行为动词

否定形式：①was/were+not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②用助动词do的过去式did 提问，同时还原行为动词。

例：肯定句：主语+ V过去+其他。

疑问句：Did+主语+ V

否定句：主语+didn’t+ V原……。

3、动词的规则变化。

4、时间状语：Yesterday, last night/week/year/month, last Sunday, in 1995, the other day, just now, ago 等

例题：

1. He____(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.

2. They ____(be, was, were, been) here just now.

3. The scientists _____(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.

4. Last week we ______(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.

5. When I was a child, I often ____(play, played) football.

6. The students ran out of the classroom as soon as the bell ____(ring, rang, rung).

⑶一般将来时。

①肯定句：

否定句：

(注：当主语为I 或 we时，问句中可用 shall) where shall we meet tomorrow

②be going to+ V原表示计划、打算做某事。用来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明

必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”。 be going to do 将要干某事

---what are you going to do next Sunday ---I am going to listen to music.

Look at the clouds, there is going to rain.

③现在进行时be +Ving 有时可以表示将来。

常用这种结构的动词：go, come, leave, stay, start, arrive We’re leaving for London.