大学生-土木工程专业-英语词汇
(完整版)土木工程专业英语常用词汇
Part IV：Commonly Used Professional Terms of Civil Engineeringdevelopment organization 建设单位design organization 设计单位construction organization 施工单位reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土pile 桩steel structure 钢结构aluminium alloy 铝合金masonry 砌体（工程）reinforced ~ 配筋砌体load-bearing ~ 承重砌体unreinforced ~非配筋砌体permissible stress (allowable stress) 容许应力plywood 胶合板retaining wall 挡土墙finish 装修finishing material装修材料ventilation 通风natural ~ 自然通风mechanical ~ 机械通风diaphragm wall (continuous concrete wall) 地下连续墙villa 别墅moment of inertia 惯性矩torque 扭矩stress 应力normal ~ 法向应力shear ~ 剪应力strain 应变age hardening 时效硬化air-conditioning system空调系统(air) void ration（土）空隙比albery壁厨，壁龛a l mery壁厨，贮藏室anchorage length锚固长度antiseismic joint 防震缝architectural appearance 建筑外观architectural area 建筑面积architectural design 建筑设计fiashing 泛水workability (placeability) 和易性safety glass安全玻璃tempered glass (reinforced glass) 钢化玻璃foamed glass泡沫玻璃asphalt沥青felt (malthoid) 油毡riveted connection 铆接welding焊接screwed connection 螺栓连接oakum 麻刀，麻丝tee三通管tap存水弯esthetics美学formwork 模板（工程）shoring 支撑batching 配料slipform construction (slipforming) 滑模施工lfit-slab construction 升板法施工mass concrete 大体积混凝土terrazzo水磨石construction joint 施工缝honeycomb蜂窝，空洞，麻面piled foundation桩基deep foundation 深基础shallow foundation浅基础foundation depth基础埋深pad foundation独立基础strip foundation 条形基础raft foundation筏基box foundation箱形基础BSMT=basement 地下室lift 电梯electric elevatorlift well电梯井escalator 自动扶梯Poisson’s ratio 泊松比μYoung’s modulus , modulus of elasticity 杨氏模量，弹性模量Esafety coefficient 安全系数fatigue failure 疲劳破坏bearing capacity of foundations 地基承载力bearing capacity of a pile 单桩承载力two-way-reinforcement 双向配筋reinforced concrete two-way slabs钢筋混凝土双向板single way slab单向板window blind 窗帘sun blindwind load 风荷载curing 养护watertight concrete 防水混凝土white cement白水泥separating of concrete混凝土离折segregation of concretemortar 砂浆~ joint 灰缝pilaster 壁柱fire rating耐火等级fire brick 耐火砖standard brick标准砖terra cotta 琉璃瓦mosaic 马赛克ceramic mosaic陶瓷锦砖，马赛克，ceramic mosaic tileceramic tile 瓷砖rubble wall毛石墙marble 大理石,大理岩granite 花岗石,花岗岩ready-mixed concrete 商品混凝土，预拌混凝土real estate房地产reinforcement bar 钢筋veinforcement meal, reinforcing bar, reinforcing steel reinforcement cover混凝土保护层reinforcement mat 钢筋网, reinforcing mesh reinforcing ratio 配筋率reinforcement percentagereinforcing work钢筋工程residential building居住建筑rigid foundation刚性基础roof 屋顶，屋盖，屋面; roof board 屋面板; roof garden屋顶花园roof live load 屋面活荷载rustic terrazzo粗面水磨石，水刷石sand cushion砂垫层saw-tooth skylight锯齿形天窗scaffold 脚手架sill窗台silty soil粉质土single door单扇门double door双扇门single reinforcemen单筋tsliding door推拉门sliding window水平推拉窗staircase楼梯间stair rail(ing) 楼梯栏杆，楼梯扶手stair step楼梯踏步stair string (er)楼梯梁stair clearance 楼梯净空高度stair headroom steel forms钢模板store room贮藏室structural drawings结构图soft substratum软弱下卧层sun louver 遮阳板supporting block 支座supporting layer持力层tensile reinforcement 受拉钢筋tensile steel, tension reinforcementterrace roof 平屋顶thermal insulation隔热through ventilation穿堂风timber structure 木结构wood structuretoilet 盥洗间，浴室，厕所，便池tracing paper描图纸lawn 草坪treatment of elevation立面处理drawing board 绘图板triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验tubular steel scaffolding钢管脚手架uniformly distributed load均布荷载unnotched bar 光面钢; threadbar螺纹钢筋urinal 小便池，小便斗，小便槽valley天沟ventilating skylight 通风天窗waterproof barrier 防水层aquatardTerzaghi bearing capacity theory太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi consolidation theory 太沙基固结理论foundation treatment 地基处理foundation pressure 基底压力span 跨度specific gravity比重quicklime生石灰,氧化钙hydrated lime 熟石灰,消石灰hydration 水化作用plaster of Paris熟石膏portland cement 波特兰水泥,硅酸盐水泥,普通水泥portland blastfurnace slag cement矿渣水泥portland fly-ash cement粉煤灰(硅酸盐)水泥portland-pozzolana cement火山灰质硅酸盐水泥gas-foaming admixture发泡剂retarding admixture缓凝剂water-reducing agent减水剂air-entrained agent 加气剂slump坍落度water-cement ratio水灰比w/carchitectural lighting 建筑采光,建筑照明architectural perspective建筑透视图architectural section 建筑剖面图architectural specifications建筑规范architectural working drawing 建筑施工图architecture sketch建筑草图arc welding 电弧焊stress concentration 应力集中multi storied building 多层建筑settlement of foundation 地基沉降tensile strength抗拉强度compressive strength抗压强度bending strength抗弯强度construction material 建筑材料building material continuous beam连续梁tower crane 塔式起重机,塔吊SPT=standard penetration test 标准贯入度试验wall between two windows窗间墙stability稳定性stress-strain curve应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagram应力-应变图damp-proof coating防潮层osmosis渗透osmotic co-efficient渗透系数osmotic pressure渗透压力finite element method 有限单无法finite-difference method有限差分法finite slice method 条分法deformation 变形displacement位移allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力total and differential settlement 总沉降量和沉降差Mohr’s circle of stress 摩尔应力圆snow laod雪(荷)载bent reinforcement bar 弯起钢筋bent steel 弯起钢筋bent-up bar 弯起钢筋bid 投标，标书bid call招标bid opening开标bidding sheet 标价单bid price 出价，投标价格binding reinforcement 绑扎钢筋blocking course檐口墙，女儿墙parapet (wall) bloodwood 红木redwoodbrick lintel 砖砌过梁brick masonry structure 砖石结构BRKT =bracket 牛腿building height 建筑高度building industrialization建筑工业化building-in fitting 预埋件building law 建筑法building line 建筑红线building module 建筑模数building orientation 建筑物朝向building permits for construction建筑施工执照building equipment 建筑设备building physics建筑物理building rubble 建筑垃圾building storm sewer 房屋雨水管built –in cupboard 壁厨cable structure 悬索结构cable-supported construction悬索结构canopy雨篷cast-in-place concrete 现浇混凝土cast-in-situ concrete 现浇混凝土caterpillar crane 履带式起重机cavity brick空心砖cavity wall空心墙ceiling 顶棚，吊顶，天花板cement floor水泥地面cement mortar水泥砂浆center-to-center中心距(中到中间距)chain-pull switch拉线开关cromatics色彩学city planning城市规划civil architecture民用建筑civil building民用建筑civil engineering土木工程clay brick粘土砖clerestory天窗clerestory windows高侧窗closet 盥洗室，厕所，卫生间coated glass 玻璃幕墙glass curtain wall collapsible loess 湿陷性黄土slumping loess collar tie beam 圈梁combination beam 组合梁combination construction 混合结构shear wall 剪力墙shear strength 抗剪强度transom （门上的）亮子bar 棒，条，杆件，（粗）钢筋beam 梁framework 框架truss桁架statically determinate ~ 静定桁架statically indeterminate ~ 超静定桁架elasticity弹性plasticity塑性stiffness刚度fiexibility挠度bending moment弯矩~ diagram 弯矩图~ envelope弯矩包络线influence line 影响线aggregate 骨料coarse ~ 粗骨料fine ~ 细骨料admixture外加剂concrete mixer混凝土搅拌机paint 油漆density密度viscosity粘度，粘滞性geology地质earth pressure 土压力active ~ 主动土压力coarse sand 粗砂; medium sand中砂; fine sand细砂artificial daylight人工采光artificial illumination人工照明art of architecture建筑艺术seismatic design 抗震设计back view 背立面balcony阳台balustrade 栏杆，扶手bamboo scaffolding竹脚手架band iron扁铁，扁钢bar cutter钢筋切断机bar list钢筋表bar spacing钢筋间距base board踢脚板basic module基本模数BC=building code建筑法规beam-and-column construction梁柱结构（框架结构）beam-and-girder construction主次梁梁格结构beam-and-slab construction梁板结构beam with one overhanging end 悬臂梁cantilever beam, overhanging beambeam with simply supported ends 简支梁simple beam, simple-supported beam, simply supported beambeam with fixed ends 固端梁bending stiffness弯曲刚度bending strength抗弯强度bending stress弯曲应力bend bar 弯起钢筋，弯筋commemorative architecture 纪念性建筑commercial buildings商业建筑物,商业房屋compacted fill 压实填土,夯实填土compacted soil压实土compaction by layers分层填土夯实compaction by rolling 碾压compaction by vibration振动压实compartmentation隔断completion acceptance竣工验收completion date 竣工日期compression bar 受压钢筋compression steel受压钢筋concealed work 隐蔽工程conductor 水落管construction administration 施工管理constructional drawing 施工图,构造图construction and installation work 建筑安装工程construction company 建筑公司construction economics建筑经济construction industry建筑(工)业construction in process 在建工程construction management plan 施工组织设计construction period施工工期construction site 施工现场creep 徐变,蠕变cross wall横墙dark room暗室design development phase 技术设计阶段design scheme设计方案detail drawing 详图,大样图,细部图development area 开发区digestion tank 化粪池septic tank, sewage tank distributed load分布荷载distributing bars 分布钢筋distribution reinforcement分布钢筋BL=dead load 恒载,自重dogleg stair 双折楼梯half turndomestic building居住房屋,住宅door window落地窗dormitory宿舍downspout 雨水管,落水管drain spout, fall pipe, leader pipe, rain conductor, rain leader, rain-water leaderdrip line 滴水线dunny厕所,盥洗室earthquake intensity地震烈度earthquake load 地震荷载earthquake resistant design抗震设计earthwork土石方工程earthwork quantity土方工程量eave 屋檐effective depth 有效高度,有效深度,有效厚度enameled tile 琉璃瓦,釉面砖engineering geological prospecting工程地质勘探expanded joint 伸缩缝,温度缝shrinkage joint, temperature jointfactory building厂房figured glass 图案玻璃,压花玻璃patterned glass fixed window固定窗flat skylight平天窗flexible foundation 柔性基础floor load楼面荷载floor plan楼屋平面图floor-to-ceiling height楼面至顶棚高度,室内净高floor-to-floor height楼面至楼面高度story height层高farmed steel 型钢shape(d) steelfoundation beam 基础梁foundation bed 基础垫层gable 出墙~ wallgalvanized iron 镀锌铁皮,白铁皮general arrangement drawing总体布置图,总平面图general layout 总平面图,总体布置glass fiber reinforced plastics玻璃纤维增强塑料,玻璃钢glued board 胶合板gravel 砾石; ~ cobble 卵石pebble gravel, pebble stoneground engineering地基工程ground floor plan底层平面图groundwater surface 地下水位phreatic (water ) surfacegutter明沟,天沟rain-gutter檐沟,天沟hair 麻刀hempmixed sand 混合砂mechanics of materials 材料力学theoretical mechanics 理论力学elastic mechanics弹性力学structural mechanics结构力学architectural mechanics建筑力学fracture mechanics断裂力学soil mechanics土力学rock mechanics岩石力学fluid mechanics流体力学abrasive floor防滑地板accelerated cement 快凝水泥accelerator促凝剂，速凝剂acceptance of hidden subsurface work 隐蔽工程验收acceptance of tender得标acceptance of work subelements分项工程验收access eye 清扫孔，检查孔access hole 检修孔access plate 检修孔盖板accordion shades 折叠式活动隔断，屏风acid 酸alkali碱acoustical insulation 隔声red cray 红粘土adamic earthadhesive bitumen primer冷底子油administration of the construction contract 施工合同管理aerial ledder消防梯non-bearing wall 非承重墙non-load bearing wall norm for detailed estimates 预算定额norm for preliminary estimates 概算定额norm for estimating labor requirements劳动定额norm for estimating material requirements材料定额open ditch 明沟open trenchoutside finish 外装修partion 隔壁, ~ screen 隔断pea shingle 豆砾石，绿豆砂pipeline gas 管道煤气plastic hinge 塑性铰plinth (wall)勒脚pointing (joints)勾缝pointing masonry勾缝砌体,清水墙porch 门廊,走廊pore water 孔隙水post-tensioning method后张法precast concrete lintel 预制混凝土过梁precast reinforced concrete building预制钢筋混凝土房屋monolithic reinforced concrete building整体式钢筋混凝土房屋prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土pretensioning method先张法protecting cap 安全帽protective cap, safety helmet protecting net 安全网public building公共建筑public comfort station 公共厕所public conveniencepump concrete 泵送混凝土pumping concrete halfpace landing楼梯平台landing platform, stair landing, stair platformhallway门厅,过道hemp thread麻丝high-rise hotel高层旅馆,高层饭店hip 屋脊线hoop reinforcement环筋,箍筋hull core structure筒体结构inside finish内装修jalousie window 百叶窗, louver windowjunior beam 次梁secondary beam, secondary girder main beam 主梁primary beam, primary girder kick strip 踢脚step踏步L & CM=lime and cement mortar石灰水泥砂浆lintol (门窗)过梁lintellongitudinal bar纵向钢筋low-rise building低层建筑LR = living room 起居室,客厅sitting room, parlo(u)rmastic 玛碲脂,树脂,嵌缝料membrane curing薄膜养护metallic tape钢卷尺metal window钢窗mid-span moment跨中弯矩mix(ing) proportion 配合比,混合比mix(ing) ratio mopboard踢脚板mosquito screen 纱窗, screen window。
土木工程专业英语词汇表
土木工程专业英语词汇表（和所使用的环境有关系，仅供参考）A"A" Book 根簿；地籍册abbreviated tender system 简易招标程序ablution facility 沐浴设施above finished floor level [AFFL] 楼面竣工标高以上absentee landowner 在外土地业权人absentee owner 非自住业主；在外业主absentee principal tenant 非住在楼宇内的主租客；非住在楼宇内的二房东absolute owner 经确定业权的业主absolute priority 绝对优先资格absolute title 经确定的业权abutment 桥台；拱座abutment deformation 桥台变形；拱座变形abutment pressure 桥台压力；拱座压力abutment wall 拱座墙；翼墙；桥座abutting end 邻接端abutting structure 毗邻构筑物accelerated cement 快凝水泥Accelerated Landslip Preventive Measures Project 加速防止山泥倾泻计划acceptable accommodation 适中居所acceptance of tender 采纳投标书acceptance rate [Home Ownership Scheme] 认购率〔居者有其屋计划〕acceptance rate of new allocation 接受新配单位的比率acceptance threshold 认购率下限access 通道；出入口access bend 检修弯管access corridor block 向街走廊式大厦access door 检修门；通道门access for residents 居民通道access ladder 通道竖梯access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access plug and cap 检修孔塞和孔盖access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 上落踏板；出入踏板access to the site 地盘出入口；工地出入口access to work 地盘施工处通路；工地施工处通路access tunnel 通道隧道accessible roof 可到达的屋顶；有通道的屋顶accident loading condition 意外载荷条件accommodation 办公地方；住所；居所；单位Accommodation for Small Households--Assessment of Supply and Demand 小家庭公屋供求评估accommodation generation rate 住户房屋需求衍生率Accommodation Regulations 《政府产业管理及有关事务规例》accommodation value 楼面价Accredited Safety Auditor 检定安全稽核员acetylene regulator 乙炔调节器；“煤表”acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔音屏acoustic seal 防声封条acquisition 征用；收购acquisition order 征用令Acquisition Section [Lands Department] 土地征用组〔地政总署〕acquisition team [Lands Department] 土地征用小组〔地政总署〕acre 英亩acrylic coat 丙烯涂料acrylic lacquer 丙烯酸清漆acrylic paint 丙烯漆料；丙烯酸漆acrylic sheet 丙烯酸片；丙烯胶片active corrosion 活性蚀active earth pressure 主动土压力active fault 活断层；活动断裂active recreation area 动态康乐用地active recreation facility 动态康乐设施active to passive ratio 动态与静态设施比例activity area 活动区activity space 活动场地actual building cost 实际造价actual cost rent 实际成本租金actual plot ratio 实际地积比率Ad Hoc Committee on Housing for the Elderly [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 高龄人士住所专责小组委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕Ad Hoc Committee on Private Domestic Property Ownership by Public Rental Housing Tenants 公屋住户拥有私人住宅物业问题专责小组委员会adapt 改装；改建addition 扩建；加建；加入户籍additional building works 增补建筑工程additional fixture 固定附物additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional premium 补缴地价additional rehousing criterion 附加安置资格additional vent 加设通风口additions policy 加户政策adequate housing 适当居所adequately housed 居住面积足够的；有适当居所的adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent building 相邻建筑物adjacent construction 相邻建造物adjacent ground 相邻土地adjacent land 相邻土地adjacent site 相邻地盘adjacent street 相邻街道adjacent unit 相连单位adjoining area 毗邻地区adjoining building 毗邻建筑物adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining occupier 毗邻占用人adjoining owner 毗邻拥有人adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物adjudication fee 评估契据费用adjusted replacement cost 经调整重置成本administrator of estate 遗产管理人admixture 外加剂；搀和剂advance drainage diversion 前期排水渠改道advance earthwork 前期土方工程；预造土方工程advance letting 提早出租advance possession licence 提前移交土地牌照advance reclamation works 早期填海工程advance works 前期工程；早期工程advanced allocation scheme 提前配屋计划advanced allocation system 提前配屋制度advanced contract 前期合约adverse geological condition 不良地质情况adverse possession 逆权管有adverse title to land 相逆土地业权Advisory Committee on Appearances of Bridges and Associated Structures 桥梁及有关建筑物外观谘询委员会Advisory Committee on Private Building Management 私人楼宇管理谘询委员会Advisory Council on the Environment 环境问题谘询委员会advisory letter [slope maintenance] 劝喻信〔斜坡维修〕Advisory Note on Buried Services 《检查地下设施须知》aerial bracket 天线托架aerial cable 天线电线aerial camera 航空摄影机；空中摄影机aerial photogrammetry 航空摄影测量；空中摄影测量aerial photograph 航摄照片；航空照片aerial photograph interpretation [API] 航空照片判释；航空照片解译aerial photographic survey 航空摄影测量aerial photography 航空摄影；空中摄影aerial survey 航空测量；空中测量aerial view 鸟瞰图；航测图affiliated village 附属乡村；属村affordability criterion 负担能力准则Affordability Schedule 负担能力表affordability threshold 负担能力界限A-frame Ａ形骨架after-repair guarantee 售后修葺保证期age allowance limit 楼龄减额上限age limit 楼龄上限age of entitlement 换地权益龄期age-dating 测年；测定年代Agency Management Scheme 物业代管计划agent for occupier 占用人代理人；租户代理人agent for owner 拥有人代理人；业主代理人agent-managed Home Ownership Scheme estate 由物业管理公司代管的居者有其屋计划屋苑aggregate 砂石；骨料；碎石aggregate abrasion value 石料的耐磨值aggregate grading 砂石级配；骨料级配aggregate impact value 石料的冲击强度值aggregate lime content 砂石的石灰含量；骨料的石灰含量aggregate structure 砂石结构；骨料结构aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总实用楼面空间aggregate-to-cement ratio 砂石与水泥比例；砂灰比aggregate-to-lime ratio 砂石与石灰比例Agreement and Conditions of Sale 卖地协议及条件agreement for a Government lease 政府租契协议；政府租契合约agreement to surrender 交还土地协议agricultural development area 农业发展区agricultural dwelling house 农地住屋；农舍agricultural land 农地；耕地agricultural lot 农地地段agricultural priority area 农业优先区agricultural resite area 农业用途迁置区agricultural status 农地性质agricultural tenancy 农地租赁；农地租约agricultural use 农业用途agricultural warehouse 农用贮物室air camera 航空摄影机；空中摄影机air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air curtain 风帘；风闸air curtain fan 风帘风扇air cylinder 气缸；气筒air damper 气闸；调节风门air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 风槽；通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥；伴水泥air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气过滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air gap 气隙air handling unit 鲜风柜；空气处理装置air inlet louvre 进气百叶窗air inlet port 进气口air intake 进气口；进风口air intake duct 进气槽；进风槽air intake filter 进气过滤器air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air outlet grille 出风口格栅air passage 风道air pipe 通气管；送气管air pressurization system 空气加压系统air quality impact assessment 空气质素影响评估air quality setback 因空气质素而把建筑物后移air reservoir 贮气缸air restrictor 空气节流器air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air survey 航空测量；空中测量air trunking 通风槽air ventilator 空气通风器air void [soil] 空气孔隙；气隙〔泥土〕air-conditioner hood 冷气机遮檐air-conditioning and refrigeration installations [public works category] 空调及制冷装置〔公共工程类别〕Air-Conditioning Inspector 空气调节督察air-conditioning system 空气调节系统air-handling unit room 风柜房airshaft 通风竖井airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm bell 警钟alarm buzzer 警报器alienate [land] 让与〔土地〕alienation period 让与期；转让期alienation restriction 让与权的限制；转让限制alienation restriction period 让与权的限制期；转让限制期alignment 定线；线向；路线alignment plan [road] 路线平面图alignment survey 定线测量alkali-resisting primer 耐碱底漆"All Services" service [Land Registry] 综合服务〔土地注册处〕alley 巷Allocation and Standards of Vacant Flats Committee [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 空置单位编配及标准事宜小组委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕allocation condition 分配条件；拨地条件allocation number 拨地编号allocation of flats 编配居住单位allocation plan 拨地图则；批地图allocation range 编配幅度；编配范围allocation standard 编配标准allowable bearing capacity 容许承载力allowable load 容许负载；容许载荷allowable settlement 容许沉降量allowable soil pressure 容许土压力allowable stress 容许应力；预计可承受的压力allowance for corrosion loss 预留锈蚀量alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial clay 冲积黏土alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alluvial sand 冲积沙alluvial silt 冲积粉土alluvial soil 冲积土；淤积土alluvium 冲积物；冲积层alteration 改动；改建alteration and addition 改建及加建Alterations, Additions and Improvements Committee 改建、加建暨改善工程委员会alternative route 替代路线altimeter 测高仪aluminium cell ceiling 铝格天花板aluminium panel 铝板aluminium primer 铝粉底漆；“木铝丹”aluminium rope-operated laundry-drying rack 铝质拉绳式晒衣架aluminium tape 铝带aluminium window 铝窗amenities 市容建筑；康乐设施；康乐设备amenity area 美化市容地带amenity planting strip 美化市容种植地带amenity railing 美观栏杆amenity strip 美化市容地带American Concrete Institute 美国混凝土学会American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM] 美国试验及材料标准学会amortization 定期终止；摊还；分期摊还amortization area 定期终止区amortization notice 定期终止通知书amortization period 终止期；摊还期ancestral grave 祖坟ancestral hall 祠堂；宗祠ancestral house 祖屋ancestral property 祖业ancestral temple 祠堂；宗祠anchor 锚定杆；锚；锚杆支撑anchor bearing 锚承；锚座anchor bolt 锚栓；“爆炸螺丝”anchor load monitoring 地锚桩基负荷检查anchor maintenance clause 地锚桩基保养条款anchor plate 锚定板anchor rod 锚杆anchor tenant 有名气的商户；可招徕顾客的商户anchor wall 锚定墙anchorage 碇泊处；锚地；锚固anchorage length 锚固长度anchored force 锚固力anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary accommodation 附属地方ancillary beach use 海滩附带用途ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary car park 附设停车场ancillary commercial facility 附属商业设施ancillary facilities block 附属设施大厦；服务设施大厦ancillary facility 附属设施；配套设施ancillary office 附属写字楼ancillary premises 附属房产ancillary service 附设服务；附属设备ancillary structure 附属构筑物ancillary works 附属工程andesite 安山岩angle bar 角铁angle bracket 角形托架；角钢撑架；“狗臂架”angle change 角变angle cleat 连接角钢；短角钢angle cutter 角铁切割机angle fillet 角钢嵌条；三角焊缝angle frame 角钢框angle iron bracket 角铁托架；角铁支架angle of inclination 倾角angle of internal friction 内摩擦角angle of repose 静止角；休止角angle of rupture 破裂角angle of shear 剪切角angle of shearing resistance 抗剪角angle probe 斜探头angle strut 角钢撑angular 棱角angular displacement 角位移angular distortion 角度变形angular velocity 角速度anisotropic consolidation 各向不等压固结；各向异性固结annex 附属建筑物annex block 附翼大厦annex restaurant 附连酒楼annex school 附连学校annual contribution to rent 每年拨出的租金津贴annual instalment of premium 按年摊缴的地价annual letting value 年租值annual maintenance programme 每年度保养计划annual rent 每年租金；年租Annual Summary 19XX-19XX [Rating and Valuation Department] 《年报19XX－19XX》〔差饷物业估价署〕anodized aluminium window 电镀膜铝窗；阳极氧化膜铝窗antenna 天线anti-burglary bar 防盗铁栏；防盗铁栅；防盗窗花；“疏子”anti-burglary grille 防盗铁栏；防盗铁栅；防盗窗花；“疏子” Anticipatory Housing Scheme 提早安置计划anticline 背斜；背斜层anti-corrosion paint 防蚀漆；防油anti-creep device 防溜装置anti-desiccant spray 抗干燥喷剂anti-nuisance provision 禁止滋扰规定anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-siphon bottle trap 反虹吸瓶型气隔anti-siphon P-trap 反虹吸直嘴；反虹吸Ｐ形气隔anti-siphon trap 反虹吸气隔anti-siphonage pipe 反虹吸管anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid dressing 防滑钢砂anti-skid facility 防滑设施anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-slip 防滑动；防空转；防打滑anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration spring isolator 弹簧减震器anvil 铁砧apartment 寓所aplite 细晶岩apparent cohesion 表观黏聚力Appeal Panel [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 上诉委员会〔香港房屋委员会〕Appeal Tribunal [Hong Kong Housing Authority] 上诉审裁小组〔香港房屋委员会〕Appeal Tribunal Panel (Buildings) 上诉审裁处（建筑物）appendage 楼外附建物；附加物applicable lease 适用租契application date book 申请日志application for addition 申请加入户籍application for deletion 申请取消户籍application for lease [public housing] 租住公共房屋申请书application number [Home Ownership Scheme] 申请书编号〔居者有其屋计划〕application record 申请记录Applications and Home Ownership Division [Housing Department] 申请及居屋科〔房屋署〕applied covering 外加覆盖物applied load 外施载荷apportion 分摊apportionment of Government rent and premium 地税及补价分摊apportionment of rateable value 应课差饷租值分摊apportionment of rates 差饷分摊Apportionment Section [Lands Department] 地租分摊组〔地政总署〕appraisal of existing structure 现存结构检定；现有楼宇的结构检定appreciation of land value 土地增值approach 进路；引道；入口approach road 进路appropriation 拨地approved concrete mix 认可混凝土拌合料；认可混凝土配合比Approved Contractors for Public Works 认可公共工程承建商Approved Decoration Contractor System 认可装修承办商制度Approved Drainage Authority Area Plan 核准排水监管区图则approved land use zoning plan 核准土地用途分区图则approved layout 核准图则approved list of contractors 认可承建商名册；认可承办商名册Approved List of Decoration Contractors 认可装修承办商名册Approved List of Property Management Agents 认可物业管理公司名册Approved List of Security Guard Contractors 认可护卫员服务承办商名册approved master layout plan 核准总纲发展蓝图approved plan 核准图则；经批准的图则approved purchaser 核准购楼人Approved Specialist Contractors 认可专门承建商approved statutory plan 核准法定图则approved suppliers of materials 认可物料供应商approved town plan 核准城市规划图approved trade list 核准行业一览表appurtenance 从属权；附属物apron 跳板；护板apron area 屋前地台aqua privy 乡村式厕所aqueduct 输水管道aquiclude 阻水层aquifer 含水层aquitard 弱透水层arbour 花棚；凉亭arcade 有盖走廊；商场arcade shop premises 商场店铺arch 拱廊；拱门arch axis 拱轴arch bridge 拱桥arch crown 拱顶arch rib 拱肋arch rise 拱高arching action [soil] 拱作用〔泥土〕architect 建筑师architect's instructions 建筑师指示；建筑师指令Architects Registration Board 建筑师注册管理局Architectural and Associated Consultants Selection Board 建筑及有关顾问遴选委员会Architectural Branch [Architectural Services Department] 建筑设计处〔建筑署〕architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural drawing 建筑图则architectural feasibility study 建筑设计可行性研究architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物Architectural Services Department [ASD] 建筑署architectural style 建筑风格Architectural Works Conditions 建筑工程规条architectural-led consultant 建筑师主导顾问architrave 框缘；门框线；“口线”area boundary 地区界线area committee [district board] 分区委员会〔区议会〕area covered by definite projects 已列入确定发展计划内的地区area layout plan 地区详细蓝图area number 地区编号area of entitlement 应得面积area of mixed usage 混合用途区；混合用地area weighting 面积加权数arithmetic mean strength 强度平均数armour 护面；护面块体〔防波堤〕armour layer 护面层armour rock 护面块石armoured cable 装甲电缆arrears of rates 差饷欠款arrears of rent 欠缴租金；欠租arrester bed 沙池arris 外角；明角artesian ground water 承压地下水artesian water 承压水；自流水artesian well 科学井artificial slope 人造斜坡artificial splitting 假分户Artisan 技工asbestos abatement 清除石棉asbestos abatement works 石棉清除工程；石棉拆除工程asbestos cement 石棉水泥；“矢泥”asbestos consultant 石棉顾问asbestos fibre 石棉纤维asbestos gasket 石棉垫片Asbestos Management Manual 《石棉管制手册》asbestos plaster 石棉批荡asbestos process 石棉工序asbestos roof 石棉瓦屋顶asbestos supervisors 石棉监工asbestos waste 石棉废料asbestos-containing material 含有石棉的建材as-built drawing 竣工图；竣工图则；楼宇建成后的修订图则as-built utility record 公用设施竣工图as-constructed drawing 竣工图；完工图；竣工图则as-constructed plan 竣工图；完工图；竣工图则aseismatic design 抗震设计as-fitted drawing 装配竣工图ash pit 排渣槽；灰坑Asiatic water closet pan 蹲厕；“厕”asking rent 租金要价asphalt 沥青；柏油asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机asphalt mix design 沥青配合比设计；沥青混凝土级配asphalt paver 沥青摊铺机；地沥青asphalt roofing 沥青屋面；屋顶铺盖沥青工程；“沥青天面”asphalt tanking 沥青防水层asphalter 沥青工asphaltic coat 沥青涂层asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土aspiring home-buyer 有意置业人士assembly detail 组装详图；装嵌“样”assessable value [property tax] 应评税价值〔物业税〕；评估价值assessed cost 评估成本assessed market value 评定市值assessed premium 评定补价assessed rent 评定租金assessed tenement 经评估差饷的物业assessment 估价；评估；已估价物业assessment number 估价编号Assessment of Professional Competence [valuation surveyor] 专业评核试〔物业估价测量师〕assessment of rates 差饷估价assessment panel 评估小组assessment review board 评估覆核委员会asset realization 资产变现assets test 资产评审；资产审查assign 转让assign back to 售回予；退回assignee 承让人；受让人assignment 转让；转让契约assignment fee 转让费；顶让费assignment in shares clause 份额转让条款assignment in undivided shares 不分割份数的转让assignment memorial 转让契约备忘录assignment of contract 转让合约assignment of contractual rights 转让合约权利assignment period 转让期assignment right 转让权；顶让权assignment value 转让价值；顶让价值assignor 转让人；出让人assistant village representative 助理村代表assisted home purchase flat 资助自置居所Associate Member, Hong Kong Institute of Surveyors [AHKIS] 香港测量师学会会员Associate Member, Royal Institute of Chartered Surveyors [ARICS] 皇家特许测量师学会会员associated external area 附连的外部地方associated retaining wall 有关挡土墙associated road and drainage works 有关道路及渠务工程associated structure 附连构筑物Association of Consulting Engineers of Hong Kong [ACEHK] 香港顾问工程师协会Association of Government Cartographic Staff 政府制图人员协会Association of Government Land and Engineering Surveying Officers [AGLESO] 政府土地工程测量员协会Association of Government Local Land Surveyors [AGLLS] 政府本地土地测量师协会Association of Government Survey Officers (Estate) 政府产业测量员协会Association of Government Technical and Survey Officers [AGTSO] 政府工程技术及测量人员协会assumed load 假定载荷；计算载荷at grade 同一平面；地面at-receiver mitigation measure 在受污染处采取的减轻污染措施atrium 中庭；门廊A-truss Ａ形桁架at-source mitigation measure 源头减轻污染措施attachment 附件；附属物Attitude Survey on Housing 房屋意见调查auger pile 螺旋桩austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authorized architect 认可建筑师；核准建筑师authorized extension 认可扩建authorized land surveyor 认可土地测量师authorized marine borrow area 认可挖沙区authorized occupant 认可占用人；认可住客Authorized Persons' and Registered Structural Engineers' Disciplinary Board Panel 认可人士及注册结构工程师纪律委员团Authorized Persons' Register [kept by the Building Authority] 认可人士名册〔由建筑事务监督保管〕Authorized Persons Registration Committees Panel 认可人士注册事务委员团authorized structure 认可构筑物；认可搭建物authorized tenant 认可租客authorized works 获授权进行的工程；批准进行的工程automated central vacuum refuse collection system 自动化中央真空垃圾收集系统automated refuse collection system 自动垃圾收集系统Automated Slope Maintenance Hotline Service 《斜坡维修自动热线服务》automatic access control equipment 自动关闸设备Automatic Carpark Control System 自动停车场管理系统automatic central refuse collection system 自动化中央垃圾收集系统automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic fire alarm system [AFA system] 自动火警警报系统automatic offer 自动配屋办法automatic smoke/heat detection system 烟雾／高热自动感应系统automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器autopay rent collection system 自动转帐收租办法auxiliary feed-water pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary feed-water tank 辅助给水箱auxiliary water pump 辅助水泵available land 可用土地average building land value 平均建筑用地价值average compressive stress 平均压应力average development value 平均发展价值average discounted full market value 十足市值的平均折扣价average flat [Home Ownership Scheme] 平均售价的居屋单位〔居者有其屋计划〕average land value 平均土地价值average strength 平均强度averagely-priced Home Ownership Scheme flat 平均售价的居者有其屋单位award a contract 批予合约axial bearing capacity 轴向承压力axial compression 轴向压缩axial extension test 轴向拉伸测试axial fan 轴流式风扇axial force 轴向力axial load 轴压；轴向载重axial strain 轴向应变axial stress 轴向应力axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度axial tensile test 轴向抗拉测试axial thrust 轴向推力axisymmetric stress 轴向对称应力azimuth 极方位；极方位角Bback elevation 背面图back inlet gully trap 背入集水沟气隔backdrop manhole 后级沙井；跌级沙井backfill 回填；回填土；回填料backfill material 回填物料；回填料Background Information Form 背景资料表格backing concrete 堤背混凝土backup area 后勤区；后勤用地backup land 后勤土地；预留地baffle wall 遮挡墙bagged concrete 袋装混凝土balance of the purchase price 楼价余额balanced land use pattern 均衡土地用途模式balanced load 平衡载重balancing pipeline 平衡水管balcony 露台balcony bar 露台铁栏balcony concrete coping 露台混凝土盖顶balcony cubicle 露台房间；骑楼房ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头ballast 石碴；道碴；压重物ballot sheet 搅珠结果名单ballot trade 炒筹活动baluster 栏杆柱balustrade 栏杆；扶手bamboo fence 竹篱笆bamboo pole 竹枝bamboo scaffold 竹枝棚架bamboo stake 扶竹bamboo worker 竹棚工band drain 排水肩带；排水板；排水带banned area [livestock keeping] 禁止饲养禽畜地区bar bender 弯铁工；拗铁工bar fixer 铁工bar tendon 钢筋bare patch 秃块bare rock soil slope surface 光秃的土坡面bare rooted plant 裸根植物；不带泥植物；“洗泥胆”植物bare-shell house 几无装修的房屋barrette 方形桩barrier 栅栏；护栏；屏障barrier plate 阻挡板barrier wall 围墙basalt 玄武岩basalt dyke 玄武岩岩墙base 基座base course 路面下层；路基层；承重层base extracted from survey sheet no. X 根据Ｘ号测量图绘制base failure of slope 斜坡基底坍塌base frame 基架base insulator 基架绝缘器base line 基准线；基线base plate 底板；垫板base rent 基本租金base slab 底板；平底板base support 底座支架basement 地库；地窖；地下室basement tanking 地库防水层；地库防水工程basement wall 地库墙；地下室墙basic listing criteria [Housing Authority List of Building Contractors] 基本资格准则〔《房屋委员会承建商名册》〕basic map 基本地图Basic Mapping System 基本地图制作系统basic survey sheet 基本测量图basic terms offer 基本条款建议书basin 水槽；水坑；港池basin management 河流流域管理工作batching and mixing plant [concrete] 配料及拌合设备；配料及搅拌设备〔混凝土〕batching plant 混凝土配料机；混凝土配料厂bath tub 浴缸bathing shed 沙滩泳屋batholith 岩基bathroom 浴室bathymetric survey 海深测量batten 板条；木方batter 倾斜batter leader pile driver 斜导架打桩机batter pile 斜桩bay window 凸窗；窗台bazaar 市场Beach Seine Net Licence 近岸浅水围网牌照bead 门窗压条；护条；护角；焊珠beam 梁；横梁；“阵”beam and slab construction 梁板建筑beam and slab structure 梁板结构beam on elastic foundation 弹性基础梁；弹性地基梁beam raising ceremony 上梁仪式bearer 承木；托梁bearing capacity 承载力bearing capacity factor 承载力系数bearing capacity of the ground 土地承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 承重垫片；支承垫片bearing pile 承重桩；支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 承重板；支承板bearing post 支承柱bearing pressure 承压应力bearing stress 承载应力；支承应力bearing surface 承载面；支承面bearing test 承载测试bearing wall 承重墙beating turf 拍打草皮；压实草皮bedding 垫层；层理；“打底”bedding layer 垫层bedding screed 地台砂浆底层bedplate 座板bedrock 基岩；基层岩bedroom 睡房；卧室bed-sit flatlet 厅房两用小单位bed-sit unit 厅房合一小单位bedspace apartment dweller 床位寓所住客bedspace apartment licensing scheme 床位寓所发牌制度Bedspace Apartments Authority 床位寓所监督bedspace lodger 位住客belated registration case 补办登记个案bellout 扩底bellout diameter 扩底直径bellow pot 气囊；气囊筒benching [manhole] 沟槽座〔沙井〕；“马枕”benchmark 水准点；基准点bending moment 弯矩；力矩bending schedule 弯钢筋表bending stiffness 弯曲刚度bending stress 弯曲应力beneficial occupation 使用物业作有价值的用途；实益占用beneficial owner 实益业主；实益拥有人beneficial ownership 实益所有权beneficial use 有价值用途；实益用途beneficiary living 现存受益人beneficiary under the trust 信托受益人Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验benthic seabed grab survey 海底抓斗勘测bentonite 膨润土；皂土；膨土岩bentonite liner 膨润土衬垫berm 斜水级；坡级；截水沟；坡台berm channel 斜水平台渠bermstone 护脚石Besser block 百岁砖best rent 最高租金；最佳租金Better Building Management Campaign 优良楼宇管理活动betterment [real estate] 增值〔不动产〕betterment charge 增值征费better-off tenant 经济条件较佳租户；经济条件较佳住户bevel 斜角；削角；斜面bib cock 弯嘴旋塞；“龙头”bib tap 弯嘴水龙头；“星盆龙头”bid package 整套招标书bidet 下身盆bill of quantities 建筑工料清单；工程量清单；工程量表bill of variations 工程量更改清单Bills of Quantities System 建筑工料清单系统binder 结合料；黏合物binding agent 黏合剂bin-lifting refuse collection system 自动提桶收集垃圾方法binsite 垃圾桶放置处；垃圾桶站biotite 黑云母bit [drill] 钻头bitumen 沥青；柏油bitumen coat 沥青外搪层；沥青外衬bitumen felt 沥青纸bitumen lining 沥青内搪层；沥青衬里bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous friction course 沥青防滑层bituminous macadam 沥青碎石层〔道路〕bituminous material 沥青材料bituminous materials and aggregates testing 沥青材料及石料试验bituminous primer 沥青底涂料bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜black spot 环境黑点blackout 电力中断blacksmith 铁工blank flange 盲板凸缘；管口盖板blank gable 无窗山墙blanking plate 封板blast 燃爆；爆破blast cleaning 喷砂清理；爆破清洁blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting by abrasives 磨料喷砂blasting certificate 燃爆证书blasting permit 燃爆许可证blasting site 燃爆工地；爆破工地blasting works 燃爆工程；爆破工程bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉bleeding 泛油；渗色；泌浆〔混凝土〕；泌水性〔混凝土〕blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding 补路石砂blinding concrete 基础垫层混凝土；地基垫层混凝土blinding layer 基础垫层；地基垫层；“草鞋底”block 大厦；楼宇；厚板；座件block assessment 整体估价；以整幢大厦为一个估价单位；按大厦评估方法Block Crown Lease 集体官契block lease 集体租契；集体契约block letting 整幢出租block licence 集体牌照block plan 楼宇位置图；楼宇平面图block sample 块状样本；块样block tenancy 楼宇集体租赁block type 大厦类别block with structural deficiencies 结构有问题的大厦blockwork 砖工；砖造物blockwork seawall 方块海堤blockwork wall 方块体墙bluff 悬崖boarding house 旅馆boat dweller 艇户boat hoist 吊艇boat mooring zone 船只停泊区boat squatter 水上寮屋居民boatswain's chair 工作吊板bollard 矮柱；护柱bolster 承枕；横撑bolt 插销；螺栓；门闩bona fide mortgage 真正按揭bona fide tender 诚意投标bona fide transaction 真正交易bona fide villager 原籍村民bona vacantia property 无主物业bond 叠砌；黏合；砌合法bond breaker 黏合分隔材料；分隔料bond coat 黏合层；“打底层”bond course 束缚层bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力bone-meal 骨粉bonus for completion 竣工奖金；完工奖金booking fee [sale and purchase of premises] 定金〔楼宇买卖〕boom 吊杆booster pump room 增压泵房booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster water pump 增压抽水机；增压水泵borated water storage tank 含硼水贮存箱bore 钻孔；内孔；内径bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩；钻孔灌注桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole 钻孔；探土孔；挖孔borehole log 钻孔记录；挖孔记录borehole test 钻孔测试boric acid 硼酸boring 钻探；挖探boring machine 钻探机；镗borrow area 采泥区；采料区；取土区borrow light 透光窗；气窗bottle trap 瓶型气隔bottom dump 经舱底卸置；舱底式卸置bottom flush bolt 底部埋入插销bottom heave 坑底隆起；底鼓；底部隆起bottom layer 底层bottom level 底部标高bottom plate 底板bottom rail 下横档〔栏杆〕；下横栏〔门窗〕bottom-dump barge 开底运泥船boulder 砾石；巨砾；孤石boulder fall 砾石下坠；砾石泻坠boulder fence 防石栏bouldery colluvium 砾石崩积物boundary 界线；边界；界址boundary adjustment 地界调整boundary condition 边界条件boundary identification plan 地界辨认图boundary mark 地界标志；界址标记boundary of works area 施工范围boundary peg 地界栓钉boundary point 地界点boundary rectification 地界修正boundary re-establishment survey 地界重整测量boundary stone 界石boundary survey 地界测量Boundary Tribunal 地界审裁处boundary wall 边界墙box culvert 箱形暗渠；箱形涵洞；盒形排水渠box foundation 箱形基础；箱形地基box girder 箱形主梁；箱形大梁box out 预留箱形凹位box section 方形管；方通brace 撑杆；支撑braced excavation 支撑式挖掘braced structure 受横向支撑的结构；支撑结构bracing 支撑；斜撑；加劲bracing structure 横向支撑结构；支撑结构bracket 托架；支架；撑架branch family 分支家庭branch pipe 支管；分支喉管branch sewer 分支污水管branch village 分支乡村brazing 铜焊；合金焊接breach of lease conditions 违反批租条件；违反批地条件breach of tenancy conditions 违反租赁条件；违反租约规定break line 倾斜变换线；折线break tank room 减压水缸房breaker 轧碎机；碎石机；断路器breakglass unit 警报玻璃箱breaking strain 断裂应变breaking strength 断裂强度；抗断强度breaking stress 断裂应力breaking wave 破碎波breakwater 防波堤breather 通气孔；呼吸器breccia 角砾岩brick 砖brick closer 封口砖；“二寸二”brick course 砖层brick layer 砌砖工brick pier 砖柱brick works 砌砖工程brick-on-edge 侧置砖brick-on-edge wall 侧砖墙brickwork 砖造物；砖工bridge abutment 桥台bridge cable 大桥的钢索bridge crane 桥梁起重机；桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge deck level 桥面bridge deck unit 桥面组件；桥面构件bridge deck works 桥面工程bridge girder 桥主梁；桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridge tower 桥塔bridge works 桥梁工程British Standard Code of Practice 英国标准应用守则British Standard Specification 英国标准规格British Standards Institution 英国标准协会brittle failure 脆性损毁；脆性破坏"broad brush" approach 广义划分方法；概括分组方法Broad Long Term Pattern of Port Development 概略的港口长期发展模式brochure price [sale of premises] 售楼说明书上的价格broken joint 错缝接合；顺砖式砌合；顺砌法brown asbestos 褐石棉brushing lacquer 手扫漆bucket conveyor 斗式输送机bucket dredger 链斗式挖泥船buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲荷载；压曲临界荷载buffer area 缓冲地区；缓冲区buffer storage area 贮存区；贮料区build back 原地重建build back potential 原地重建的潜力build, operate and transfer franchise [BOT franchise] 建造、营运及移交专营权buildability 建筑效益builder 建造商；承建商；土建承包人builders' lift 建筑工地升降机；施工用升降机builder's works 承建商负责的工程；屋宇装备配合工程；土建工程building 建筑物；屋宇；大厦building allowance 建屋津贴building area 建筑面积Building Authority 建筑事务监督building basic rate 屋地基本率building code 建筑守则；建筑规范building component 建筑组件；大厦组件building condition 楼宇状况building construction 建筑物建造；建筑营造building contract 建筑合约Building Contractors' Committee [Construction Advisory Board] 建造商委员会〔建造业谘询委员会〕Building Cost Index 建筑成本指数building cost information 建筑造价资料；建筑成本资料building covenant 建筑规约building covenant extension 延续建筑规约Building Covenant of New Grant 新批地建筑规约building coverage 建筑物上盖面积building debris 建筑废料building design 建筑物设计；建筑设计building envelope 建筑物外壳building for special purpose 特别用途建筑物building frontage 屋宇主面；屋宇前面building height 建筑物高度；楼宇高度building land 屋地；建筑用地building layout 建筑物平面图；大厦平面图building licence 建筑许可证；建筑牌照；建屋牌照building line 建筑界线building lot 屋地；建筑用地Building Management Committee [BMC] 大厦管理委员会Building Management Co-ordinating Team 大厦管理统筹小组Building Management Co-ordination Committee [BMCC] 大厦管理统筹委员会Building Management Division [Government Property Agency] 楼宇管理部〔政府产业署〕Building Management Resource Centre [Housing Department] 大厦管理资源中心〔房屋署〕building material 建筑物料building mortgage 建筑按揭building number 建筑物门牌号数。
土木工程专业英语词汇
土木工程专业英语单词Torque 转动扭矩 Impose 施加, 将…强加于Composite 合成的, 复合的Sag 下垂Deflect 偏转, 弯曲, 倾斜Misalignment 安装误差Plaster 灰泥, 灰浆, 涂层Buckling 弯曲, 折曲, 下垂Stiffness 刚度, 刚性 In contradistinction to M 与M截然不同Tension 张力, 拉力 Compression 压缩, 压力Diagrammatic sketch 示意图Ceramics 陶瓷, 陶瓷材料Inertia 惯性 Lifetime 使用寿命Iterative 反复的, 迭代的 Durability 耐久性, 持久性Pinpoint 准确定位, 针尖 Evolve 经过实验研究得出Statics 静力学 Strength of materials 材料力学Deformation 变形Influx 流入, 灌注Distortion 变形Boring machine 镗床Boom 吊杆, 悬臂, 起重杆 Dragline 拉铲挖土级, 挖掘斗Gray cast iron 灰铸铁Modulus of elasticity 弹性模量Rigidity 刚性, 刚度, 稳定性 Slip 滑度, 打滑Creep 蠕变 Yield 屈服于, 屈服Rupture 破裂, 断裂, 破坏 Load-carrying capacity 承载能力Terminology 专用名词 Helical spring 螺旋型弹簧Concentrated 集中的, 浓缩的 Distribute 分布, 分发, 散布Resultant 合力, 合成的 Centroid 矩心, 重心Torsional 扭的, 转的Bending 挠曲, 弯曲Flexural 弯曲的, 挠性的 couple 对, 双, 力偶Non-load-bearing 非承重 brittle 脆弱的, 脆性的ASTM 美国材料试验学会BSI 英国标准学会SAA 澳大利亚标准学会 Passage 一段, 一节Plastic deformation 塑性变形moisture content 含水量Timber 木材 veracity 诚实, 真实性Ready-mixed concrete 预拌混凝土building contractor 建筑承包商Hydraulic press 水压机 grading 分等, 分类, 级配Fatigue 疲劳ductility 可延展性Toughness 韧性 stress-strain curve 应力－应变曲线Durability 耐久性, 耐用年限 chloride 氯化物, 漂白粉Sulphate 硫酸盐alkali 碱性, 碱Permeability 渗透性, 透气性 weathering 风化Disruptive 分裂的, 摧毁的 thaw 融化, 解冻Entrain 携带, 传输 leaching 浸出, 溶析Carbonation 炭化作用blasting 破裂, 吹风Attrition 磨损 cavity 洞穴Hydraulic structure 水工建筑物 pervious 透水的, 透光的Aggregate 集料, 骨料 homogeneous 均质的, 均匀的Compact 压实, 捣紧 kerb 路缘, 道牙Air-entrained concrete 加气混凝土 glaze 珐琅质, 上釉Stainless steel 不锈钢galvanize 电镀Gutter 排水沟, 楼都不 humidity 湿度, 湿气Porous 多孔的, 疏松的 spectrum 谱Infrared 红外的, 产生红外辐射的 ultraviolet 紫外的Gravel 砾石, 卵石 anodized 受过阳极化处理的Hydrate 水合物reinforcement 加强, 加固Spall 剥落, 散裂 erosion 侵蚀, 腐蚀Abrasion 磨损, 磨耗 quarry 方形砖Eddy 涡流, 漩涡运动 reinforcing steel 钢筋Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土 reinforcing bar 钢筋Longitudinal 长度的, 纵向的, 轴向的 dispose 处置Incline 倾斜, 弄斜 moment 力矩Bond 结合, 结合力, 粘合力 interlock 连动, 连接Forestall 阻止, 预防 embed 放入, 埋入Prestressing steel 预应力钢筋 rebar 钢筋Splice 接头 congestion 充满Form 模坂 ACI 美国混凝土协会Code 法规, 规程 galvanize 电镀Undue 过度的, 过分的 BS 英国标准Blending machine 弯筋机mandrel 芯棒Jig 夹具 dowel 夹缝丁, 暗销Wire clip 钢丝剪reference number 参考号数Mill scale 热轧钢表面氧化皮spacer 隔离物Clip 夹子, 剪刀slab 板, 块, 楼板Cradle 吊架, 托架, 支架chair 托架, 支板Mild steel 低碳钢 tack 图钉, 点焊焊缝Hydraulic 水力的, 液力的 additive 添加剂Admixture 外加剂 binder 胶结剂Aggregate 聚集, 结合, 骨料, 填料aerate 充气Aerate concrete 加气混凝土cellular 蜂窝状的Portland 波特兰水泥 pulverize 粉化, 磨碎Granulate 成粒状, 轧碎 blastfurnace 高炉, 鼓风炉Slag 矿渣, 炉渣 pigment 颜料, 色料Retarder 延迟剂, 缓凝剂accelerator 加速剂, 促凝剂Curing (混凝土)养护compaction 压实, 捣实Ambient 周围的, 外界的shrinkage 收缩, 下沉, 压缩Autoclave 蒸压器, 热压处理 frost 粗糙的, 无光泽的Efflorescence 风化, 粉化, 粉化物 sodium 钠Calcium 钙potassium 钾Carbonate 炭化 pozzolana 火山灰Sulphate 硫酸盐autoclaved aerated concrete 高压蒸养加气混凝土Hard-burnt 高温焙烧的, 炼制的 veneer 镶片, 砌面, 表层Mallet 木锤, 大锤 chisel 凿子Mold 模子, 模具mass production 大量生产Update 使现代化trade journal 行业杂志Periodical 定期的, 定期刊行的 editorial board 编辑委员会Beholder 旁观者 ordinance 规格, 条例, 法令Suspended structure 悬吊结构 joist 梁, 垳条Through bridge 下承桥 chord 弦杆Bracing 拉条, 支撑 web-girder 腹板大梁Box-girder 箱梁 plan view 平面图Outline 外形, 剖面 drawing 附图Bills of materials 材料清单radiator 散热器General arrangement 总体布置detail drawing 详图Cladding 包层, 包壳 panel 面板, 仪表盘GA drawing 总体平面图 zoom 变焦距In situ 原地, 在原地cumbersome 笨重的, 麻烦的Parameterized 参数化 specification 详细说明, 规范Verify 校验, 验证, 说明homogeneous 均匀的, 对等的Buckling 弯曲, 翘曲, 弯折 deterministic 确定的, 决定的Probabilistic 概率的, 随机的 deviation 偏差, 偏移, 参数Psychological 心理的, 精神的 cross-section 横断面, 横截面Amortization 阻尼 proof-load 检验荷载Field 场地, 工地survey 调查, 测量, 勘察Intrinsic 内在的, 固有的 stochastic 随机的, 不确定的Seismic 地震的, 与地震有关的 single load 集中荷载Foundation 基础, 地基gravity 重力Lateral 横向的, 侧面的 transient 瞬时的, 不稳定的Basement 底座, 基础, 地下室 erratic 反复无常的, 无规律的Footing 基础, 基脚, 底座, 垫层overdesign 保险设计Underdesign 欠安全设计 appurtenance 附属物, 附属设备Firewall 防火墙parapet 栏杆, 护墙, 女儿墙Remold 改造, 改型, 重铸 ductwork 管道系统, 管网Tenant 租用 latitude 纬度, 宽度, 范围Tributary 支流, 附庸, 辅助的cantilever 悬臂, 悬臂梁, 支架Provision 预防, 规定, 条款 overload 超载, 超重Reference 参考书 uncertainty 不确定性Slighting 轻蔑的, 不尊重的 likelihood 像有, 相似Pef = pounds per cubic foot 磅/平方英尺reliability 可靠性, 安全性Methodology 方法论 shield 屏蔽Shield 屏蔽, 遮护 without recourse to 不依赖Reason 推理, 论证 weir 堰, 拦河堰Spillway 溢洪道, 泻水道clause 条款项目Deploy 适用, 配置 filler wall 填充墙, 柱间墙Shear wall 剪力墙ignorance 外行Up-to-date 现代的, 最新likewise 同样Bucket 吊斗, 挖斗 wheelarrow 手推车, 独轮小车Buggy 手推车, 小斗车segregation 分凝, 离析Chute 斜槽 place 场所, 浇筑Lift 混凝土浇筑层, , 升降机displacement 偏移Compact 夯实 honeycomb 蜂窝结构Tamping 夯实, 捣固, 捣实 spinkling 喷洒Calcium chloride 氯化钙 settlement 沉陷Grout 水浆, 灌浆cohesive 粘聚的, 粘结的Workable 和易性好的,塑性的slump 坍塌度Workability 可塑性 air-entraining 加气的Deposit 存储, 浇注consolidation 加固, 压实Bleeding 渗漏subsidence 沉降, 下降Laitance 水泥浮浆 float 镘刀, 抹子Capillary 毛细管的, 毛细现象 flash set 急凝Aluminate 铝酸盐 burlap 麻袋, 粗麻布Membrane 膜, 隔板 emulsion 乳胶体, 乳液Polyethylene 聚乙烯 waterproof 防水Harden 硬化, 凝固 gravel 砾石, 卵石Immersion 浸入, 插入 headroom 净空高度, 头上空间Nominal 铭牌的, 名义的 power-driven 动力驱动的, 电动的External vibrator 表面振捣器 architect 建筑师Nonhomogeneous 不均匀的, 多相的creep 蠕变Shrink 缩小structure code 结构规范Ultimate strength 极限强度 load factor 荷载系数From M onwards 从m算起来 prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土Faulty 有缺点的, 报废的, 不合格的 embed 放入, 埋入Abutment 桥台,岸墩 thrust 推, 轴向力Jack 千斤顶, 支柱 motorway 汽车道, 快车道Tendon 钢筋束, 筋post-tensioned prestressing 后张法预应力Pre-tensioned prestressing 先张法预应力 manoeuvrable 机动的, 容易驾驶的Plain concrete 无筋混凝土 precompression 预加压力, 预先压缩Leak 漏, 渗漏camber 弯度, 曲度, 凸形Proportioning 使成比例, 确定几何尺寸 analogous 类似的, 类比的, 模拟的With reference to 参考, 参照, 关于centroid 矩心, 面积矩心, 质心Refinement 精制, 改善, 改进 bond 结合, 粘合, 粘合强度Transmit 传递, 寄, 传送 interlocking 可联动的, 联锁Plain bar 光面钢筋, 无结钢筋 formed bar 变形钢筋, 竹结钢筋Hoop 环, 箍, 铁箍tie 拉杆, 系杆Stirrup 箍筋, 钢筋箍 crushing 压碎, 轧碎Bearing 承载, 承受, 支撑点 bearing pressure 支承压力Rib 肋, 棱, perimeter 周边, 周长, 周界Blanketing 覆盖, 包上, 掩盖 mortar 砂浆, 灰浆, 灰泥Bentonite 膨润土, 膨土岩 trench 沟槽, 沟道, 沟管Tremie 混凝土导管（水下浇筑用） full prestressing 全预应力Partial prestressing 部分预应力reservoir 水库, 蓄水池Eccentric 偏心的, 呈偏心运动的, 偏心器 counteract 中和, 平衡Intermitterntly 间隙的, 断续的, 周期的 infrequent 不常见的, 稀少的Objectionable 不能采用的, 不适宜的reverse 颠倒的, 改变方向的, 交换的Cement paste 水泥浆sack 袋, 包, 一包, 一袋Water-cement ratio 水灰比trial-batch （混凝土）小量试拌Slump test 坍塌度试验 truncate 缩短, 截去Air-entraining agent 加气剂 plasticizer 增塑剂, 塑化剂revolving-drum mixer 转筒式搅拌机 ready-mixed 运送时搅拌的transit0mixed 运送时拌的 batch 配料, 分批配料congested 拥挤的, 充塞的 haul 搬运, 运输discharge 卸货, 卸载 hopper 漏斗, 装料车batching plant 拌和厂 batching 配料, 定配合比ecclesiastical 基督教会的, 教士的 landmark 陆标, 里程碑, 界标mobility 可动性, 机动性, 流动性 topographical 地形的, 地形测量的subservient 辅助性的tax 使受压力, 负担shear wall core 剪力墙筒体 prefabrication 预制的, 预制品slip-formwork 滑模 crane 起重机, 用起重机吊codify 编成法典, 编纂 elevator 升降机escalator 升降梯, 自动扶梯drift 漂移, 位移prescribe 规定, 命令, 指示I-beam 工字梁, 工字钢masonry 砖石工程, 砌筑体staircase 楼梯lofty 高耸的, 极高的condominium 各住户认购各自一套公寓楼brace 支撑, 支柱bundle 捆, 扎, 粘合soaring 高耸的, 高涨的 tributary 支流, 从属的prototype 原型, 样机web 腹板, 梁板torsion 扭转, 转矩 orthogonal 互相垂直的, 正交的, 直角的stiffen 加强, 加固 urbanization 都市化habitation 住宅, 住所deterrent 制止物, 威慑因素premium 奖金, 质量改进的clutter 混乱, 干扰, 弄乱multi-discipline 多学科pedestrian 行人, 步行者plaza 广场, 大空地sway 摇, 摆动overturn 倾倒, 翻转 clear span 净高clear spacing 净距 zoning 分区, 区域化excavation 挖掘, 挖方 overlook 检查, 监督interim 间歇底, 暂时的empiricism 经验主义elastoplastic 弹塑性的subset 子系统compartmentalize 间隔化,隔开,分段 mantle 罩,外壳,地幔erosion 侵蚀,冲刷,磨损 waterborne 水生的,水力运输的boulder 漂砾,大块石 cobble 圆石,鹅软石pebble 小软石,小砾石 degradation 剥蚀,退化avalanche 山崩,坍方,崩塌 stratum 地层,岩层meandering 曲折的,弯曲的,曲流的 stratified 有层次的,分层的water table 地下水位 detritus 瓦砾,腐质percolation 渗透,渗滤 soil profile 土壤剖面,土层剖面residual soil 残积土transported soil 运积土ground water 地下水superstructure 上层结构earth fill 土堤substructure 下部结构,基础工事demarcation 分界线 sanitary 环境卫生的sanitary fill 垃圾堆积场reclamation 废料回收,改造,垦殖disposal 处理,清理,处置boring 钻探,打眼mat 席,垫,钢筋网 caisson 沉箱retaining-wall 挡土墙uneven settlement 不均匀沉降overburden 超载,过载 strap beam 搭扣形梁unsound 不坚固的,不牢固的pile 桩,打桩hardpan 硬土层,坚固基础 raft 筏,木排combined footing 联合基础 cantilever footing 悬臂基础raft of floating foundation 筏式基础或浮筏基础soil mass 土体pile shaft 桩身 stratum 地层, 矿层end-bearing pile 端承桩 uplift 举起, 抬起water table 地下水位scour 冲刷, 洗涤deposit 沉积, 浇注, 矿床 soil-exploration 土质勘察footing 基础, 基脚, 底座 strip 带, 条, 狭长片raft 筏, 垫板 capital 柱头fixity 固定, 不变eccentric 偏心的, 不同圆心的nonuniformity 不均匀性, 不均质性 scheduling 编制时间表drain 消耗, 耗尽premium 奖金, 佣金hold up 阻碍procurement 取得, 获得, 采购vector 矢量, 向量prerequisite 先决条件, 前提concurrent 同时进行的, 并行的 lead time 产品设计至实际投产时间litigation 诉讼, 打官司 chronological 按时间顺序的hoist 卷扬机, 起重机 utility 实用的, 公用事业utility line 公用事业管线 accrue 产生, 出现dismantle 拆除, 拆卸 remuneration 酬劳, 报酬commensurate 同量的, 相应的 degenerate into 简化成, 变质成in-house 机构内部的 critical path 关键路径lay down 规定, 制定计划 wearing surface 磨耗面base course 基层 asphalt 柏油landscaping 风景设计, 风景布置 bulldozer 推土机, 压路机vibrating roller 振动压路机 bitumen 沥青grill 格栅, 铁格网mesh 网, 网格, 筛concrete train 混凝土铺路机组 slipform paver 滑模铺路机hold in place 把…固定在引诱的位置runway 跑道, 通道Tokaido line 新干线 catalyst 触媒, 催化剂Side-effect 副作用 decentralization 分散, 疏散Unity 整体, 单元 outstrip 超过Crude 天然的, 原油piecemeal 片断, 点Ferment 酵素, 发酵, 蓬勃发展 underlying 基础的, 根本的Geographer 地理学家 operations research 运筹学Cable-stayed 斜拉的, 张拉的 girder 梁, 垳, 梁杆Cast-in-place 现场浇筑的 AASHT美国洲际公路及运输工作者协会AREA 美国铁路工程师协会 crossing 交叉, 十字路口Pier 桥墩 elevated 高架的, 高的, 高架铁路Clearance 间隙, 净空, 间距 segment 部分, 段Dominance 支配, 控制, 优势 one-way slab 单向配筋板Versus 与…的关系曲线 statically determinate structure 静定结构Skew 斜的, 扭的, 弯曲的on-site 现场的, 就地的, 工地Shear key 受剪键bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土Dissipate 清除, 消除 composite structure 混合结构Acronym 缩写词, 缩语chore 零星工作, 零活In the foreseeable future 在可遇见的未来一段时间内 impetus 动力, 刺激Draughtsman 绘图员, 起草者 repetitious 重复的, 反复的Mundane 世间的, 世俗的jargon 行话, 术语, 难懂的话Level 水平, 水位, 水平仪 theodolite 精密经纬仪Envision 想象, 遇见, 展望contour map 等高线, 地形图Plat 地段, 地区图, 地段图grading 校准, 定标, 土工修正Stake 标桩, 定位木桩picture 图画, 设想, 想象Cut 挖土, 挖方 fill 填筑, 填方, 填土, 路堤Borrow 取土, 采料, 采料场 indeterminate structure 超静定结构Myriad 万, 无数, 无数的 photogrammetry 摄影测绘sGeotechnical engineering 岩土工程 mass transit 公共交通Transmission line 输电线infiltrate 渗入, 渗透Estimator 估价者, 评价者rival 对手, 竞争, 比得上Off-the-shelf 现成的, 成品的, 畅销的 afterthought 回想, 反省, 后悔, 马后炮Timeliness 及时, 时间性, 好时机 inception 开始, 起头, 开端Culminate 达到顶点, 结束 beneficiary 受益人, 受惠人Outset 开始, 最初 working drawing 施工图Prescribe 规定, 命令 delineation 描绘, 描述Co-ordinate 相同, 同等的事物 prerogative 特权, 特性Board of directors 董事会 estimating 估价Margin 边缘, 余量, 余地tender 投标, 承包, 标件Incisive 尖锐的, 深刻的, 透彻的 realm 范围, 部门, 类Forethought 预先考虑好的modus 方法, 程式Modus operandi 做法, 方法, 工作方式nullify 废弃, 取消Indispensable 不可缺少的, 必需的 corollary 推论, 结果Doom 毁灭, 灭亡, 判决 obverse 较显著面Tactical 战术的, 策略的deployment 部署, 调度, 配置Ensemble 整体, 总效果 pictorial 绘图的, 插图的Dispassionate 冷静的, 不带偏见的 prognosis 预测, 预报Ubiquitous 普遍存在的, 随遇的 denominator 分母, 标准Handmaiden 起陪衬作用的 liken 比拟Jobbing 做临时工trade journal 行业期刊Cost plus 附加费 premise 前提, 房产Speculation 投机, 投机买卖sub-contractor 转包商, 分包商Order 订单 on-cost 杂费, 间接成本Microfiche 缩微胶片, 平片。
土木工程专业英语词汇汇总
A Type Wooden Ladder A字木梯A-frame A型骨架A-truss A型构架Abandon 废弃Abandoned well 废井Aberration of needle 磁针偏差Abnormal pressure 异常压力abnormally high pressure 异常高压Abort 中止abrasion 磨损Abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasive cut-off machine 磨切机Abrasive Cutting Wheel 拮碟abrasive grinding machine 研磨机Abrasive Grinding Wheel 磨碟abrasive particle 磨料颗粒Absolute address 绝对地址Absolute altitude 绝对高度Absolute damping 绝对阻尼Absolute deviation 绝对偏差Absolute flying height 绝对航高Absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute permeability 绝对渗透率absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率absolute temperature 绝对温度absorbability 吸收性；吸附性absorption 吸收abutment 桥墩abutting end 邻接端acceleration 加速acceleration lane 加速车道Acceleration of gravity 重力加速度acceleration pedal 加速器踏板accelerator 催凝剂；加速器；催化剂acceptance criteria 接受准则access 通路；通道access door 检修门；通道门access lane 进出路径access panel 检修门access point 入口处；出入通道处access ramp 入口坡道；斜通道access road 通路；通道access shaft 竖井通道access spiral loop 螺旋式回旋通道access staircase 通道楼梯access step 出入口踏步access tunnel 隧道通道accessible roof 可到达的屋顶accessory 附件；配件accident 事故；意外accidental collapse 意外坍塌accommodate 装设；容纳accredited private laboratory 认可的私人实验室accumulator 储压器；蓄电池accuracy limit 精度限制acetylene cylinder 乙炔圆筒Acetylene Hose 煤喉Acetylene Regulator 煤表acid plant 酸洗设备；酸洗机acid pump 酸液泵acid tank 酸液缸acidic rock 酸性岩acoustic couplant 声耦合剂acoustic coupler 声音藕合器；音效藕合器acoustic lining 隔音板acoustic screen 隔声屏Acoustic wave 声波acrylic paint 丙烯漆料(压克力的油漆)acrylic sheet 丙烯胶片(压克力的胶片)active corrosion 活性腐蚀active earth pressure 主动土压力active fault 活断层active oxidation 活性氧化actual plot ratio 实际地积比率actuator 促动器；唧筒；激发器adapt 改装adaptor 适配器；承接器；转接器；addition 增设；加建additional building works 增补建筑工程additional horizontal force 额外横向力additional plan 增补图则(附加的平面图)additional vent 加设通风口additive 添加剂Address 地址adhesive 黏结剂；胶黏剂adhesive force 附着力Adhesive Glue 万能胶Adhesive Reflective Warning Tape 反光警告贴纸adit 入口；通路；坑道口adjacent construction 相邻建造物adjacent level 相邻水平adjacent site 相邻基地adjacent street 相邻街道adjoining area 毗邻地区adjoining building 毗邻建筑物adjoining land 毗邻土地adjoining structure 毗邻构筑物adjustable 可调校Adjustable Wrench Spanner 昔士adjuster 调节器adjustment 调校；调整Administrative Lawsuit 行政诉讼Administrative Remedy 行政救济admixture 掺合剂；外加剂advance directional sign 前置指路标志；方向预告标志advance earthworks 前期土方工程advance warning sign 前置警告标志advance works 前期工程aeration 曝气aeration tank 曝气池aerial 天线Aerial mapping 航空测图aerial photograph 航测照片Aerial photography 航照定位aerial rapid transit system 高架快速运输系统aerial ropeway 高架缆车系统aerial view 鸟瞰图aerofoil 翼型aerosol 悬浮微粒；喷雾aerosphere 大气圈affix 贴附aftercooler 后冷却器afterfilter 后过滤器aftershock 余震agent 作用剂；代理人aggradation 堆积aggregate 骨材；集料；碎石aggregate area 总面积aggregate grading 骨材级配aggregate superficial area 表面总面积aggregate usable floor space 总楼地板空间agitator 搅拌器；搅动机air bleeding 放气(空气渗出)air blower 鼓风机air brake 气压制动器Air chambor 气室air circuit 空气回路air circuit breaker 空气断路器air cleaner 空气滤清器air compressor 空气压缩机air compressor governor 空气压缩机调压器air conditioning 空气调节air cooled chiller 风冷式冷却机air cooler 空气冷却器air cooling system 空气冷却系统；风冷系统air coupling valve 空气联接阀air curtain fan 风帘风扇air cylinder 气缸；气筒air damper 风闸；气流调节器air distribution system 配气系统air distributor 空气分配器air dryer 空气干燥器air duct 通风管道；气槽air entrained cement 加气水泥；伴沬水泥air entraining agent 输气剂air exhaust 排气口air filter 空气滤器；风隔；隔尘网air filter chamber 空气过滤室air flowmeter 风量计；空气流量计air gap 气隙air grill 空气格栅air inlet 进风口；进气孔air inlet louver 进气百叶air inlet port 进气口air intake 进风口；进气孔；入气口air intake duct 进风槽air intake filter 进气过滤器air isolating cock 空气隔断旋塞air line breathing apparatus 气喉型呼吸器具air line strainer 进气管道隔滤器air outlet 出风口air outlet grille 空气出口栅格air particle 空气粒子air passage 风道air pipe/ pipework 通气管；送气管air piston 空气活塞air pressure gauge 气压表air pressure switch 气压闸air pressurization system 空气加压系统air receiver 空气储存器air reservoir 储气缸air restrictor 空气节流器air shuttle valve 阻气阀air sprayer 喷涂器air spring 空气弹簧air strainer 空气隔滤器；空气滤网air supply outlet 供气出口air supply valve 供气阀air tank 空气箱air valve 进出气阀；放气阀air valve pit 进出气阀井；放气阀井air vent cock 通风管旋塞air ventilator 空气通风器air-operated damper 气动风闸airshaft 通风竖井airtight cover 气密盖airy dry varnish 风干清漆alarm 警报；警报器alarm bell 警报钟alarm buzzer 警报器alga 藻类Alidade 照准仪alidate 照准仪align 对准；调直；定线alignment (road) 路线；准线(特指道路中线的位置与方向)alignment plan (road) 路线平面图alkali-silica reaction 碱硅反应alkaline aggregate reaction 碱性集料反应alkaline earth 碱性土alkaline pump 碱液泵alkaline tank 碱液缸alkalinity 碱度all-purpose road 混合车道；综合车道alley 巷allowable load 容许载重；容许荷载Allowable pressure 容许压力allowable stress 容许应力alloy 合金alloy steel bar 合金钢筋条alluvial deposit 冲积土层；冲积物alluvial plain 冲积系alteration 更改；改建；改动Alternating current 交流电alternating current (a. c.) 交流电alternative design 替代设计alternative route 替代路线alternator 交流发电机Altimeter 高度计Altitude 高度；地平纬度；海拔Altitude correction 高度修正Altitude error 高度误差Altitude-tint legend 高程表Aluminium Flat Bar 铝扁条aluminium tape 铝卷尺aluminum bridge 铝桥Aluminum Sheet 花铝板amber 琥珀amber flashing light 黄色闪光灯Ambient 周围ambient pressure 周围压力ambient temperature 环境温度；周围温度amendment 修订amenities 市容建筑；设施；康乐设施amenity area 美化市容地带amenity railing 美观栏杆ammeter 电流表；安培计Ammonium nitrate 硝酸铵Amortisseur 减震器Amortization 减震Ampere 安培（电流单位）ampere (A) 安培(电流量单位)Ampere's law 安培定律amplification 放大；增强Amplifier 放大器amplitude 幅；振幅Amplitude anomaly 振幅异常Analog 模拟Analog signal 模拟信号Analogue 模拟anchor 锚；锚竿支撑anchor bearing 锚承；锚座anchor bolt 锚栓anchor plate 锚碇板anchorage 锚碇；碇泊区；抛锚区；锚固anchorage length 锚固长度anchoring strength 锚固强度ancillary building 附属建筑物ancillary facilities 附属设施ancillary installation 附带装置ancillary works 附属工程angle cutter 角铁切割机angle iron bracket 角铁支架；角铁托架Angle of declination 偏角Angle of depression 俯角Angle of dip 倾角Angle of elevation 仰角angle of emergence 出射角angle of incidence 入射角angle of inclination 倾斜角angle of internal friction 内摩擦角angle of polarization 偏极角angle of reflection 反射角Angle of refraction 折射角angle of rotaion 旋转角angle probe 斜探头angular velocity 角速度annealing 退火annunciation lamp 警示灯annunciator 传播器；呼唤器anode 阳极anode voltage 阳极电压Anomaly 异常antenna 天线Anthracite 红基煤anti-corrosion paint 防腐蚀油漆anti-creep device 防溜装置Anti-grease Rubber Gloves 防油胶手套anti-lift roller 防升滚轮anti-oxidizing paint 抗氧化漆anti-rust paint 防锈漆anti-skid chequer 防滑格纹anti-skid device 防滑装置anti-skid dressing 防滑钢沙anti-skid material 防滑物料anti-slip 防滑动；防空转；防打滑anti-static chain 抗静电链anti-static tyre 抗静电轮胎anti-stripping agent 防剥剂anti-syphonage pipe 反虹吸作用管anti-tip roller 防倾侧滚轮anti-vibration mounting 防震装置anti-vibration pad 防震垫anticline 背斜Antitermite Paint 白蚁油anvil 铁砧aperture 隙缝；壁孔apex 顶apparatus 仪器；装置；器具；器材appliance 用具；装置；设备applied covering 外加覆盖物applied load 外施荷载(应用的负荷) approach 进路；引道；接驳道路；引桥approach channel 进港航道；引渠approach ramp 引道坡approach road 引道；进路approach speed 来车速度approach taper 楔形引道路段approach viaduct 高架引道approved material 经核准的物料approved plan 经核准的图则appurtenance 附属物apron 跳板；护板；停机坪arc 电弧arc contact 电弧触点arc runner 电弧滚环arc welding 电弧焊接arch 拱；弓形；拱门arch bridge 拱桥architect 建筑师Architect Registration Examination 建筑师注册考试(A.R.E)architectural 建筑学architectural decoration 建筑装饰architectural projection 建筑上的伸出物Architecture 结构area traffic control system 区域交通控制系统argon arc welding 氩气焊armature 电枢arrangement 排列；布置array 数组arresting assembly 止动装置art paper 铜版纸arterial highway 干线道路arterial traffic 干线交通article of agreement 合约细则Articulation 清晰度Artifacts 人工产品Artificial illumination 人工照明Artificial intelligence 人工智能artificial lighting 人工照明as-built drawing 竣工图则as-constructed drawing 竣工图则asbestos abatement works 石棉拆除工程asbestos cement 石棉水泥asbestos gasket 石棉垫料aseismic region 无震区ash pit 排渣槽；灰坑asphalt 沥青asphalt distributor 沥青喷洒机asphalt paver 沥青铺筑机asphalt roofing 沥青屋面asphaltic coating 沥青涂层asphaltic concrete 沥青混凝土asphaltos 地沥青aspirator 吸气器assemblage 组合物assembly 装置；组合assessment 评估associated works 相关工程；相关设施Assorted Cloth 各色布仔Assorted Rubber Gloves 杂色胶手套Asymptote 渐近线at-grade pedestrian crossing 地面行人过路处at-grade signal controlled junction 交通灯控制地面路口atmospheric distillation 常压蒸馏atmospheric pressure 大气压力；常压atmospheric temperature 常温atomization air fan 雾化空气风扇(喷雾空气风扇)attachment 附件；附属物attenuation 衰减audible signal 音响讯号audible warning 音响警号Auger Bit 长身小林式钻咀Aurora 极光Aurora australis 南极光Aurora borealis 北极光authorities 权限authority 主管当局authorized officer 获授权人员authorized person 获授权人；认可人士；核准人士authorized works 获授权进行的工程；批准进行的工程Auto-Marking Gauge ST-7521N自动墨斗automatic (spark)ignition device 自动(火花)点火装置Automatic control 自动控制automatic control switch 自动控制开关automatic operation 自动操作automatic release 自动脱扣automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器automatic weather station 自动气象站Automatic zero set 自动归零automation equipment 自动化设备Automobil Putty 原子灰auxiliary control panel 辅助掣板(附加的控制仪表板)auxiliary equipment 辅助设备auxiliary feedwater pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary feedwater tank 辅助给水箱auxiliary plant 辅助厂房auxiliary system 辅助系统auxiliary water pump 辅助水泵average compressive stress 平均压应力average strength 平均强度Averaging 平均Axe Handle 斧头柄axial fan 轴流式风扇axial force 轴向力axial load 轴向载重；轴向荷载axial stress 轴向应力Axis of abscissa 横坐标轴Axis of ordinate 纵坐标轴axis of reference 参考轴axis of rotation 旋转轴axis of symmetry 对称轴axle bearing 车轴轴承(车轴啤令) Azimuth bearing 方位角azimuth compass 方向罗盘Azimuthal angles 方位角Back azimuth 反方位角back-fire 逆火back-up area 后勤地区；辅助埸地backfill 回填；回填土backfill material 回填物料background noise 背景噪音backing plate 垫板；背板Backsight 后视Bad data 不良资料Bad earth 接地不良baffle 隔板；挡板baffle plate 遮挡板baffle wall 遮挡墙balance tank 调节池；均衡槽balance weight 平衡锤balanced load 平衡载重balancer 平冲器Balancing 平差Balancing a survey 测量平差balancing pipeline 平衡水管balcony 露台ball bearing 滚珠轴承Ball Caster 平底波辘Ball Peen Hammer w/handle 圆头锤Ball Point Hex Key Set (extra-long) 加长波头套庄六角匙ball valve 浮球阀；球形阀；波阀ball-and-socket joint 球窝接头ballast 道碴bamboo bridge 竹桥Bamboo Broom 竹扫把Bamboo Handle Toilet Brush 竹柄鲍鱼刷bamboo scaffolding 竹枝棚架band brake 带式制动器band clamp 带夹banshee alarm 尖啸警报bar 铁枝；杆；巴(压力量单位)bar tendon 钢筋Barbed Wire 有棘铁线barging area 驳运地点barrack 营房barrel 管筒；芯管barrette 方形桩barricade 路障；障碍物barrier 栏栅；护栏；障碍物；屏障barrier block 路障barrier gate 路闸barrier plate 阻挡板Basal plane 基面bascule bridge 开合式活动吊桥base 基座base course 路面下层；承重层；路基层base frame 基架base insulator 基架绝缘器Base level 基准面base map 底图base plate 底板；垫板base sealing 底部密封胶base slab 平底板base support 底座支架Base temperature 基础温度baseline 基线；底线；基准线baseline programme 基线计划basement 地库；地窖；地下室Basin 盆地batching plant 混凝土混和机；配料厂bathmeter 深度计Batter level 测斜器batter pile 斜桩battery 蓄电池battery acid level 电池酸位battery cell volt 蓄电池电压Battery Cells 电芯battery charger 电池充电器battery electric locomotive 电力机车battery electrolyte 电池电解液battery-powered device 电池推动装置bauxite 铝土beacon 闪光指示灯bead 焊珠beam 横梁beam (or girder) bridge 梁式桥Beaman arc 贝门弧bearing 支座；支承；承座；轴承(啤令)；方向角Bearing angle 方位角bearing capacity 承载力bearing force 承重能力；承载能力bearing pad 支承垫片；承重垫片bearing pile 支承桩bearing pin 支承栓钉bearing plate 支承垫板bearing stress 支承应力bearing surface 支承面bedding 底层；层理bedplate 座板bedrock 基层岩behaviour 性能；状况Belisha beacon 斑马线灯；黄波灯bellow pot 气囊；气囊筒belly band 安全带belt 带；皮带belt conveyor 带式输送机belt guard 皮带护罩belt tension 皮带拉力bend 弯角；弯位；路弯；弯管bending force 弯曲力bending stress 弯曲应力Benkelman beam test 贝克曼梁试验bentonite 膨润土berm channel 斜水平台渠berth 停泊处；碇泊位bevel 斜角；斜面bias 偏移Bias magnetic 磁偏bill of quantities 工料清单binder 黏合料bisectrix 等分线bit 钻头bitumen 沥青bitumen coating 沥青外衬(沥青护膜) bitumen felt 沥青纸bitumen lining 沥青衬里Bitumen Paint 腊青油Bitumen Paper 腊青纸bituminous concrete 沥青混凝土bituminous macadam 沥青碎石bituminous waterproof membrane 沥青防水膜Black Canvas Hose 黑色帆布喉Black Iron Pipe (Class B) B级黑铁喉Black Rubber Gloves 黑胶手套Black Steel Strapping 黑铁皮Black Welding Glass 黑玻璃blade 剪刀；叶片blank flange 盲板法兰；盲板凸缘；管口盖板blanking plate 封板blast-furnace 鼓风炉blast-furnace slag cement 炉渣水泥blasting 爆石；爆破bleed nipple 放气嘴；减压嘴bleed off pipe 溢流管bleed screw 放气螺钉；减压螺钉bleeding 泌浆(混凝土)；泌水性(混凝土)blended cement 混合水泥blending control 混合控制blinding 补路石砂；(填充表面孔隙的细石)blinds 百叶窗block plan 楼宇平面图(地盘图)blow down 放水；放气blow down valve 放泄阀；排水阀blower 吹风机；鼓风机Blue Pencil #1276蓝铅笔Blue Powder 蓝淀粉bobbin 绕线管Body belts w/cert. 救生绳连证书bogie 转向架boiler room 锅炉房boiling point 沸点bollard 护柱；系船柱bollard light 安全岛指示灯bollard plinth 护柱柱基；护柱基座bolster 承枕；横撑bolt 螺栓Bolt Cutter 蛇头剪Bolts and Nuts 螺丝类bond 黏结；黏合；契约bond coat 黏合层bond strength 黏合强度bond stress 黏合应力boom 吊杆booster pump 增压泵booster pumping station 增压抽水站booster transformer 增压变压器booster water pump 增压水泵；增压抽水机borated water storage tank 含硼水贮存箱border link 边境连接道路border terminus 过境终站bore 钻孔；内孔bored pile 螺旋钻孔桩bored tunnel 钻挖的隧道borehole log 钻孔纪录boric acid 硼酸boring 钻探；冲孔boring machine 钻探机；镗床borrow area 采泥区；采料区BOT(Build-Operate Transfer) 兴建营运转移bottleneck 樽颈；狭窄段bottom heave 底部隆bottom layer 底层bottom plate 底板bottom simulating reflector (BSR) 海底仿拟反射器bottom-hole pressure 井底压力boulder 巨砾boundary 分界线；界线box bridge 箱型桥box culvert 盒形排水渠；盒形暗渠；箱形暗渠；方形去水渠box girder 箱形大梁brace 撑杆；支撑braced structure 受横向支撑的结构bracing 支撑bracing structure 支撑结构bracket 托架；支架braid 编织电缆brake 制动器brake horse power 制动马力brake lining 制动器摩擦衬片brake pedal 剎车踏板brake system 制动系统brake test 制动器试验brake tester 制动系统测试器braking distance 制动距离；剎车距离branch circuit 分支电路branch pipe/ pipework 支管；分支喉管Brass Caliper 铜身卡尺Brass Flat Bar 铜扁条brass gate valve 黄铜闸阀Brass Padlock w/key 同匙铜锁Brass Straight Nozzle 消防铜射咀brass wire brush 铜丝刷break pressure tank 减压配水缸箱；水压调节池breaker 轧碎机；碎石机；隔断器；开关闸；断路器；保险掣breaking strength 抗断强度breakthrough 击穿breakwater 防波堤breather 通气孔；呼吸器breather valve 通气阀breathing apparatus 呼吸器具brick 砖brick bridge 砖桥Brick Reinforcement 砖墙网Brick Reinforcement Mesh 砖网brick works 砌砖工程brickwork 砖块bridge 桥梁bridge abutment 桥台bridge crane 桥式吊机bridge deck 桥面板；桥板；桥面bridge girder 桥大梁bridge pier 桥墩bridgeworks 桥梁工程Bright spot 亮点Brightness 亮度Brown Paper 鸡皮纸BS916 Hex Bolts & Nuts BS916英制六角螺丝带母(丝闩)bubble accumulator 气泡贮存器Bubble effect 气泡效应bucket conveyor 斗式输送机buckling 压曲；压弯buckling load 压曲临界荷载buffer 缓冲；缓冲器；减震器buffer area 缓冲地区build, operate and transfer (BOT)franchise 「建造、营运及移交」专营权 builder' s lift 施工用升降机 building 建筑物；大厦 building area 建筑面积 building condition 楼宇状况 building construction 建筑物建造；建筑营造 building design 建筑物设计；建筑设计 building envelope 建筑物外壳 building frontage 建筑物正面 building land 屋地；屋子建筑用地 building material 建筑物料 building plan 建筑图则 Building Planning 建筑计划 building services 建筑设备 building site 屋宇建筑地盘；工地 Building Technology 建筑技术 building works 屋宇建筑工程；楼宇建筑工程 bulk density 容积密度 bulk excavation works 大型挖掘工程 bulk modulus 体积弹性系数 bulldozer 推土机；铲泥车 bump (road) 限速路面突块 bumper 缓冲器；防撞器；防撞杠 bunch 捆扎 bund 壆；田基；堤壆 bund wall 壆墙 bundled area 堤壆保护区 buoyant force 浮力 burglar alarm system 防盗警报系统 buried concrete 埋入地下的混凝土 burner 燃烧器；炉头 bursting 爆裂 bus interchange 巴士转车处 bus stop shelter 巴士站遮盖物 bus terminus 巴士总站 bus-bar 导电条；母线(汇流条) bus-coupler 母线联接 bush 轴衬(杯士) butt fusion welding 对头熔接 butt welding 对焊 butterfly cock 蝶形旋阀 butterfly gate 蝶形闸 butterfly valve 蝶形阀 buttress 支墩 buzzer 蜂音器；蜂鸣器 by-pass 绕道；支路；支管；旁通管by-pass valve 旁通阀Byte 字节cab 小室；驾驶室cabinet 小室；贮存柜cable 电缆cable channel 电缆沟；电缆槽cable conduit 电缆管cable coupler 电缆耦合器Cable Cutter 威也钳cable draw pit 电缆沙井；铺缆井cable duct 电缆管道cable gland 电缆密封套cable joint 电缆接头cable laying wagon 电缆敷设车cable lead 电缆引线cable route 电缆路线cable supported viaduct 悬索高架桥cable suspension bridge 钢索吊桥cable trench 电缆槽cable trough 电缆坑cable trunk 电缆干线cable tunnel 电缆隧道cable-stayed bridge 斜拉桥；斜张桥cage 机厢caisson 沉箱caisson cap 沉箱盖caisson foundation 沉箱地基；沉箱基础caisson pier 沉箱墩caisson pile 沉箱桩caisson retaining wall 沉箱挡土墙caisson wall 沉箱墙Calibrate 校准Calibrating device 校准器calibration 校准Calibration constant 校准常数Calibration instrument 校准仪caliper measure 测径calorie (cal) 卡路里(热量单位)calorific value 热值calorifier 加热器cam 凸轮camber 拱度(成弧形)candela (cd) 烛光(发光强度单位)canister respirator 罐型防毒面具canopy 雨遮cantilever 悬臂cantilever beam 悬臂梁 cantilever bridge 悬臂桥 cantilever crane 悬臂吊机 cantilever footing 悬臂基脚 cantilever foundation 悬臂地基 cantilever support 悬臂支架 canvas 帆布 canvas belt 帆布带 cap 帽；盖 Capacitance 电容 capacitance meter 电容表 Capacitivity 电容率 capacitor 电容器 capacity 容量；载客量 capacity control valve 容量控制阀 Capillarity 毛细作用 Capillary pressure 毛细压力 capital works 基本建设工程；基建工程； carbon brush 碳刷 Carbon Dioxide Fire Extinguisher 二氧化碳灭火筒 carbon pile 碳柱 carbon ring 碳环 carbon steel 含碳钢 carbon strip 碳条 carbonation 碳化 carbonation depth 碳化深度 carbonation process 碳化过程 carbonhydrate 碳水化合物 carborundum 金刚砂 carburettor 化油器；气化器 cargo handling area 货物装卸区 Carpenter Hammer w/handle 木工锤 Carpenter Pencil 木工笔 carriageway 行车道 carriageway marking 行车道标记 Carry 进位 carrying capacity 运载量；载重量；承载能力 Cartesian coordinates 笛卡儿坐标；直角坐标 cartridge 子弹；弹药筒 cartridge operated tool 弹药推动的工具 cartridge type respirator 滤罐型呼吸器；筒型防毒面具（猪咀） casing 套管 cast iron 铸铁；生铁 cast iron conductor 铸铁导管Cast Iron Electrode 铸铁焊支cast iron pipe 铸铁管(生铁管)cast-in anchorage 浇注锚固cast-in-place 灌注；现场浇筑cast-in-place (CIP) 场铸式cast-in-situ concrete unit 现场浇筑混凝土构件casting basin 预制品工场Castor with stopper 棚架辘casualty team 意外事件小组cat ladder 便梯；爬梯catalytic action 催化作用catch 挡片；制止器；扣掣；门扣catch fan 扇形防护网架catch fence 拦截围墙catch platform 坠台Catcher 抓贝catchment area 集水区；引集范围catchpit 排水井；集水坑；截流井catchwater channel 集水槽catenary wire 吊索cathode 阴极cathode ray tube (CRT) 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护catwalk 跳板；轻便梯；轻便栈桥caulk 填缝Caulking Gun 油灰鎗caulking material 填隙料causeway 堤道(长堤)caution sign 警告标志cavern 洞穴cavity 中空部分；穴cavity wall 空心墙ceiling 天花板ceiling slab 天花板ceiling suspension hook 天花吊celestial eqquator 天球赤道Celestial equator 天体赤道Celestial pole 天极cell 电池cellular office 分格式办公室cement 水泥cement content 水泥含量cement mortar 水泥沙浆cement plaster 水泥灰泥cement rendering 水泥荡面(水泥刷面) cement sand mix 水泥沙浆cementitious content 水泥成分Center of curvature 曲率中心Center of gravity 重心Centesimal graduation 百分度centi (c) 厘(百分之一)Centigrade 百分度；摄氏温度Centimeter-gram-second system 公分-公克-秒单位制central divider 中央分隔栏central dividing strip 中央分隔带central line 中线central median 中央分隔带central power-driven machine 中央动力机械Central processing unit 中央处理机central profile barrier 中央纵向护栏central reserve 中央预留带central span 中跨距(中心跨距)centre lane 中行车线(中央车道)centre line 中心线centre line of street 街道中心线centrifugal filter 离心过滤器centrifugal force 离心力centrifugal load 离心荷载centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal force 向心力ceramic tile 瓷砖certificate 证明书certificate of inspection 检查证明书certificate of registration 注册证明书；登记证明书certification 核证Certification Standards 建筑师的认证标准certified copy 经核证文本certify 核证cesspool 污水池chain 链chain block 滑车吊链；链动滑轮(链滑车)Chain Saw 电动链锯chainage 丈量长度；里程距离chainlink fence 扣环围栏；铁网围栏Chalk 粉笔Chalk Brush 粉刷chamber 小室；间隔chamfer 去角(斜角)位；斜削chandelier 水晶灯change-over switch 转换开关change-over valve 转换阀channel 沟渠；线糟；槽；渠道；频道channel cover 槽盖Channel wave 槽波channelization (traffic) (交通)导流channelizing island 导行岛channelizing line 导行线Chaos theory 混沌论Character 特性；字符Characteristic 特性；特征characteristic strength 特征强度Charge 炸药；电荷Chart 图表chart datum 海图基准面chart recorder 图表记录器chassis 车身底盘check 查核check block 挡块check joint 止回接头check mechanism 制动装置check plate 垫板；挡板check rail 护轮轨check screw 止动螺钉check valve 止回流阀chemical action 化学作用chemical dosing 化学剂量chemical grout 化学灌浆Chemical Materials 化工物料类chemical property 化学特性chemical refuse 化学垃圾chemical test 化学测试chemicals 化学品chequered plate 网纹板chill plate 冷却板chilled air fan 冷风风扇chilled water pump 冷冻水泵chiller 冷冻机chiller plant 致冷设备；制冷设备chimney 烟沟；烟chimney coping 烟囱盖顶chimney stack 烟囱Chinese Ink 大墨汁Chinese Pen 毛笔Chipping Hammer w/handle 敲锈锤chippings 碎屑；破片chisel 凿chloride 氯化物chloride content 氯化物含量chloride diffusion 氯化物扩散chloride extraction 除氯chloride ion 氯离子chloride ion content 氯离子含量chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (PVC-C) 氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated water 加有氯气的水chlorinator 加氯器chopper 斩波器；截波器chunam 灰泥土批荡chute 溜槽；滑道；槽管ciffusion coefficient 扩散系数circuit 电路；环道circuit breaker 断路保险掣circular footing 圆基脚circular road 环回道路Circular Saw Blade (Carbide Tipped) 40T钻石介木碟circulating water pump 循环水泵circulation mode 循环模式circumferential road 环回道路civil works 土木工程cladding 骨架外墙；覆盖层claim 声称；申索；索偿clamp 夹钳claplock cable clamp 拍扣式电缆线夹clast 碎屑；岩粒Clathrate 天然气水化合物Claw Hammer w/handle 羊角锤clay 黏土clay field pipe 瓦管Clay Picks Head 番钉头Clay Picks w/handle 番钉连柄Cleaner 洁厕得cleaning eye 清理孔Cleaning Pad 快洁布cleaning rod 清理棒cleansing 洁净clear effective length 净有效长度clear height 净高clear opening 净开口clear space 净空间clear span 净跨距clear width 净宽度clearance 相距空间；(净空) clearance gauge 测隙规clearance space 间隙空间cleat 夹具clevis U形夹client 委托人climb form technique 提升模板技术climbing lane 爬坡车道climofunction 气候因素Clinographic curve 坡度曲线Clinometer 测斜器clip 小夹close fitting cover 紧合封盖close fittings 紧合配件close-boarded platform 密合封板平台Close-up 闭合closed area 禁区closed circuit television (CCTV) 闭路电视closed end 不能通行的一端closed position 闭合的位置Closed traverse 闭合导线Closing error 闭合误差closure 封闭Closure error 闭合误差cloverleaf interchange 四叶式交汇处；蝶式交汇处clutch 离合器co-ordinator 统筹人Coagulation 凝结Coal 红基煤coal-tar epoxy 环氧煤焦油coarse aggregate 粗骨料coarse screening 粗筛Coast line 海岸线Coastal deposits 海岸堆积coating 保护层；涂层coating material 涂盖物质cock 旋塞；旋阀Coconut Brush Broom 椰衣扫Code address 编码地址Code language 代码语言code of practice 工作守则；操作守则code reader 读码器Coded data 编码数据Coded message 编码信息Coder 编码器；编码员Coding 编码；译码Coding rule 编码规则coefficient 系数Coefficient of correction 校正系数Coefficient of correlation 对比系数Coefficient of damping 阻尼系数coefficient of elasticity 弹性系数coefficient of expansion 膨胀系数Coefficient of extension 伸延系数coefficient of internal friction 内摩擦系数coefficient of linear expansion 线性膨胀系数coefficient of refraction 折射系数Coefficient of safety 安全系数coefficient of thermal diffusion 热扩散系数coefficient of transmissibility 可传性系数cofferdam 围堰坝cohesive force 黏合力；凝聚力coil 线圈；簧圈；盘管cold milling 刨去路面旧沥青cold reduced steel wire 冷轧钢丝cold solvent welding 冷冻溶剂焊接cold storage 冷藏库collapse 坍塌collapsible cantilever platform 可折悬臂平台collapsible gate 折闸collar 护圈；束套；套环Collateral data 附属数据collet 套爪；筒夹Collimated 平行Collimation 瞄准；平行校正collimation axis 视准轴collimation error 视准误差collimation line 视准线collimation plane 视准面collimator 视准仪Collision 碰撞Collision zone 板块碰撞带colluvial deposit 崩积土层Color code 色码Color display 彩色展示Color plates 色版Color processing 彩色处理Color Rags 什布仔Color sensation 色感Coloration 着色；彩色colour code 色码colour light signal 颜色灯号coloured cement 颜色水泥column 柱column cap 柱帽column footing 柱基脚column frame 柱架column head 柱头Combination 组合Combination Plier 平咀钳 Combination Slip-Joint Plier 鲤鱼钳 Combination Wrench 令梗 Combination Wrench Set 套庄令梗 combined dead load 组合恒载 combined effect 混合效应 combined footing 联合基脚 combined load 合并载重 combustible goods 可燃物品 combustible material 可燃烧物料 combustion 燃烧 combustion chamber 燃烧室 commencement of operation 开始操作 commercial building 商业建筑物 commercial complex 商场 commercial land 商业用地 commercial use 商业用途 commissioning 启用；投产；投入服务；开始使用；开始运作 commitment 承担 common corridor 公用走廊 Common mode 同型 common part 公用部分 Common Round Iron Nails 普通圆铁钉 common use 共同使用 common waste pipe 共用废水管 communal facilities 公用设施 communication channel/ link 通讯渠道 communication system 通讯系统 commutator 整流器 commuter 通勤者 compacted concrete 压实混凝土 compaction 压实；夯实 compaction pile 压实桩 compaction test 压实测试 compartment 分隔室 compartment wall 分隔墙 Compass 罗盘 Compass azimuth 罗盘方位角 Compass bearing 罗盘方位 Compass declination 磁偏角 compatibility 相配；相容 compensating valve 补偿阀 compensation 补偿；补偿金 competent person 符合资格人士；有资格人士 Compiler 编绎程序 complement 补充设备 Complement address 补码地址 Complement angle 余角 Complementary angle 余角 complete function test 全面功能试验 complete fusion 完全熔接 complete overhaul 全面大修 completed works 已完成的工程 compliance 遵从 composite beam 组合梁 composite building 综合用途建筑物 composite pile 混合桩 composite sandwich construction 复合夹层结构 composite steel plate 复合钢板 composite wall 组合墙 composition 成分 compound 场地；合成物 comprehensive details 全面细节；整体细节 comprehensive development area 综合发展区 comprehensive redevelopment area 综合重建区 comprehensive transport interchange facilities 综合交通交汇设施 comprehensive transport study 整体运输研究 compressed air 压缩空气 compressed air tunnelling method 压缩空气开挖隧道法 compressed gas 压缩气体 Compressibility 压缩系数 compressing tool 压挤工具 compression 压缩 compression joint 承压接缝 compression load 压缩荷载 compression reinforcement 受压钢筋 compression test 抗压测试 compressional anticline 挤压背斜 compressional fold 挤压褶皱 compressive failure 压缩塌毁；压缩毁坏 compressive strength 抗压强度 compressive stress 抗压应力 compressor 压缩机 computer aided design (CAD)facilities 电脑辅助设计设施 computer graphics 电脑绘图 Computer language 计算器语言 computerized automatic concrete cube crushing machine 电脑化混凝土立方块压力试验机concave 凹形concealed piping 隐藏喉管concentrated load 集中载重；集中荷载 concept plan 概念图conceptual layout 概念规划 concrete 混凝土；三合土concrete barrier 混凝土防撞栏 concrete block 混凝土趸concrete block seawall 混凝土海堤 Concrete Brick 沙砖concrete bridge 混凝土桥concrete buffer 混凝土缓冲壆 Concrete Chisel 石矢尖凿concrete core 混凝土芯concrete cover 混凝土保护层 concrete cube 混凝土立方块concrete cube test 混凝土立方体试验 concrete durability 混凝土耐久性 concrete foundation 混凝土基础 concrete grade 混凝土等级concrete lining 混凝土搪层；混凝土衬里concrete mix 混凝土混合物；混凝土拌合料concrete mixer 混凝土混合机；混凝土搅拌机concrete mixing plant 混凝土拌合厂 concrete paving block 混凝土铺路砖 concrete pile 混凝土桩concrete pipe 混凝土管concrete plinth 混凝土基脚concrete pour works 混凝土浇灌工程 concrete profile barrier 混凝土纵向护栏concrete re-alkalization 混凝土再碱性化concrete sample 混凝土样本 concrete slab 混凝土板concrete sleeper 混凝土轨枕 concrete spalling 混凝土剥落 Concrete Stones 石仔concrete strength 混凝土强度 concrete stress 混凝土应力concrete structure 混凝土结构；混凝土建造物concrete technology 混凝土科技；混凝。
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
第一部分必须掌握,第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1Finite Eｌｅment Method 有限单元法２专业英语Sｐｅciａlty English３水利工程Hydraulic Engｉｎｅeriｎｇ4 土木工程Cｉvil Engineerｉｎg５地下工程UｎdｅrｇroｕnｄEnginｅerｉng6 岩土工程Gｅoｔechnical Engineerｉng７道路工程Roaｄ（Hｉｇhwaｙ）Engineerinｇ8 桥梁工程BridgｅＥngineering9 隧道工程Tｕnnｅl Engineｅｒiｎg１0 工程力学Ｅnｇｉneeriｎg Meｃhaｎｉcｓ11 交通工程Trａｆfic Enｇｉｎｅering12 港口工程Ｐoｒt Enｇineerｉng13 安全性safeｔy１7木结构timber strｕcture1８砌体结构ｍasｏnry strｕcturｅ1９混凝土结构ｃoncreｔe ｓtruｃture20 钢结构ｓtｅelstrｕctuｒe2１钢-混凝土复合结构sｔeel aｎd ｃｏｎｃrｅｔeｃomposｉteｓtｒucｔuｒe22 素混凝土plain concｒetｅ２３钢筋混凝土ｒeｉｎfｏrｃed cｏncrete24 钢筋ｒeｂａr2５预应力混凝土pre—stｒesｓed ｃoncｒete２６静定结构statically deｔｅrminatｅstｒucｔuｒe 2７超静定结构ｓtａticａlly ｉndｅtｅrｍｉnate sｔru ｃture28 桁架结构trｕｓｓsｔructure29 空间网架结构ｓpａtial grid sｔrucｔｕre30 近海工程offshoｒe engiｎeering31 静力学sｔａtiｃs３2运动学kineｍaｔiｃs33 动力学dynaｍiｃs34 简支梁ｓimply suｐpoｒｔed bｅaｍ3５固定支座ｆixed beａriｎg3６弹性力学elaｓticｉty37塑性力学ｐlaｓtｉciｔｙ３8弹塑性力学elaso—plastｉｃｉty39 断裂力学frａcture Mechanicｓ40 土力学ｓoiｌmｅcｈanics41 水力学hyｄrauｌicｓ42 流体力学fluｉｄｍeｃhanics４3 固体力学solid mechanｉcs44 集中力cｏnｃenｔraｔeｄfoｒｃe45 压力preｓsurｅ46 静水压力ｈydrosｔａtic pｒｅｓsure４７均布压力uｎｉform pressｕre48体力ｂｏdy force 49重力gravity5０线荷载line lｏaｄ51 弯矩ｂending moment５2 ｔｏrqｕｅ扭矩53 应力stress５4应变stain55 正应力norｍａｌsｔress５6剪应力ｓｈeａring stｒesｓ5７主应力pｒｉnｃiｐａl stress58 变形deforｍａｔion59 内力internal fｏrcｅ６0 偏移量挠度deflectｉon61 settleｍｅnｔ沉降62 屈曲失稳ｂuｃkle63 轴力aｘｉal ｆorｃｅ64允许应力ａllowable stｒｅss65 疲劳分析ｆatiguｅanalysｉｓ66 梁beam６７壳shｅll68板plaｔe６９桥ｂridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力ａcｔive earｔh pｒeｓsure7２被动土压力ｐassiｖe earth pressure7３承载力ｌｏad-beａring cａｐacｉｔy７４水位waｔｅr Heigｈt75 位移ｄｉsｐｌａcement７6 结构力学ｓｔructｕrａl ｍｅｃｈanics７7 材料力学mａteriaｌｍechａｎics78 经纬仪altometer79 水准仪ｌeveｌ8０学科diｓciｐlinｅ81 子学科sub—dｉscipline8２期刊jourｎal ,periｏdｉｃａl8３文献liｔeraｔure84IＳSＮIntｅｒnaｔionaｌStanｄard SerｉａlＮumbeｒ国际标准刊号８5 ISBＮInｔernatioｎal Ｓｔandard Bｏok Nｕmbｅｒ国际标准书号8６卷vｏlume87 期ｎumber 88 专著ｍoｎograph89 会议论文集Ｐroｃeeding90 学位论文tｈeｓis, dissｅrtatｉｏｎ91 专利pateｎｔ92档案档案室archｉve93 国际学术会议coｎfeｒencｅ9４导师adｖiｓor95 学位论文答辩defenseｏf thesiｓ96 博士研究生docｔoｒａｔe sｔuｄｅnｔ97 研究生ｐostgradｕａte９8 ＥI Ｅｎgiｎeeriｎg Iｎdex工程索引９９SCI Ｓcience Ciｔａｔｉon Inｄex 科学引文索引100ISTP Indｅｘto Scｉence and Ｔecｈnｏｌogy Ｐroｃeedingｓ科学技术会议论文集索引１01 题目title10２摘要absｔract１03 全文full—text104 参考文献rｅfeｒencｅ105 联络单位、所属单位afｆｉliatiｏn10６主题词Subｊｅct10７关键字ｋeyworｄ108 ASＣE American Ｓｏciety of Ｃｉvil Enginｅers 美国土木工程师协会109FHWAＦｅdeｒal ＨighwayＡdmｉnｉstrａtｉon 联邦公路总署１10ISO Iｎternationａl Stａnｄaｒd Orｇanizaｔion111解析方法analyticaｌmｅｔhod112 数值方法numeｒicaｌmethｏd113 计算cｏmpｕtａtion114 说明书instruction115 规范Specificａtｉｏn, Codｅ第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1。
土木工程专业常用英语词汇
土木工程专业常用英语词汇第一节普通术语3. 房屋建造工程building engineering4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建造外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建造物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所举行的勘察、计划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 马路工程highway engineering10. 建造物（构筑物）construction works房屋建造或土木工程中的单项工程实体。
11. 结构structure12. 基础foundation13. 地基foundation soil; subgrade; subbase; ground14. 木结构timber structure16. 钢结构steel structure17. 混凝土（砼）结构concrete structure18. 特种工程结构special engineering structure22. 马路highway24. 高速马路freeway27. 铁路（铁道）railway; railroad28. 标准轨距铁路standard gauge railway29. 宽轨距铁路broad gauge railway第四节桥、涵洞和隧道术语1. 桥bridge2. 简支梁桥simple supported girder bridge3. 延续梁桥continuous girder bridge5. 斜拉（斜张）桥cable stayed bridge6. 悬索（吊）桥suspension bridge7. 桁架桥trussed bridge9．刚构（刚架）桥rigid frame bridge10．拱桥arch bridge13．正交桥right bridge14．斜交桥skew bridge16．高架桥viaduct17．正（主）桥main span18．引桥approach span19．弯桥curved bridge21．马路铁路两用桥combined bridge; highway and railway transit bridge 25．桥跨结构（上部结构）bridge superstructure26．桥面系bridge floor system27．桥支座bridge bearing; bridge support28．桥下部结构bridge substructure29．索塔（桥塔）bridge tower30．桥台abutment31．桥墩pier32．涵洞culvert第六节结构构件和部件术语1．构件member2．部件component; assembly parts3．截面section4．梁beam; girder5．拱arch6．板slab; plate8．柱column10．桁架truss11．框架frame12．排架bent frame13．刚架（刚构）rigid frame14．简支梁simply supported beam15．悬臂梁cantilever beam16．两端固定梁beam fixed at both ends17．延续梁continuous beam19．桩pile20．板桩sheet pile34. 钢轨rail第七节地基和基础术语1. 扩展(扩大)基础spread foundation2. 刚性基础rigid foundation3. 自立基础single footing4. 联合基础combined footing5. 条形基础strip foundation6. 壳体基础shell foundation7. 箱形基础box foundation8. 筏形基础raft foundation9. 桩基础pile foundation10. 沉井基础open caisson foundation11. 管柱基础cylinder pile foundation ; cylinder caisson foundation12. 沉箱基础caisson foundation1. 可靠性reliability2. 安全性safety3. 适用性serviceability4. 耐久性durability5. 基本变量basic variable6. 设计基准期design reference period7. 可靠概率probability of survival8. 失效概率probability of failure9. 可靠指标reliability index12. 概率设计法probabilistic method13. 容许应力设计法permissible (allowable) stresses method14. 破坏强度设计法ultimate strength method15. 极限状态设计法limit states method16. 极限状态limit states17. 极限状态方程limit state equation18. 承载能力极限状态ultimate limit states19. 正常使用极限状态serviceability limit states20. 分项系数partial safety factor21. 设计情况design situation22. 持久情况persistent situation23. 短暂情况transient situation24. 偶尔情况accidental situation1. 作用action2. 荷载load3. 线分布力force per unit length4. 面分布力force per unit area5. 体分布力force per unit volume6. 力矩moment of force7. 永远作用permanent action8. 可变作用variable action9. 偶尔作用accidental action10．固定作用fixed adtion11．自由(可动)作用. Free action12. 静态作用static action13. 动态作用dynamic action14. 多次重复作用repeated action; cyclic action16. 自重self weight17. 施工荷载site load18. 土压力earth pressure19. 温度作用temperature action20. 地震作用earthquake action22．风荷载wind load23．风振wind vibration24. 雪荷载snow load27．桥（桥梁）荷载load on bridge28．桥（桥梁）恒荷载dead load on bridge29．桥（桥梁）活荷载live load on bridge30．马路车辆荷载标准Standard highway vehicle load31．中国铁路标准活载Standard Railway Live Load Specified by the People’sRepublic of China44．作用代表值representative value of an action45．作用标准值characteristic value of an action46．作用准永远值quasi-permanent value of an action47．作用组合值combination value of actions48．作用分项系数partial safety factor for action49．作用设计值design value of an action50．作用组合值系数coeffcient for combination value of actions 51．作用效应effects of actions52．作用效应系数coefficient of effects of actions53．轴向力normal force\axial force54．剪力shear force55．弯矩bending moment57．扭矩torque58．应力stress59．正应力normal stress60．剪应力shear stress; tangential stress61．主应力principal stress62．预应力prestress63．位移displacement64．挠度deflection65．变形deformation66．弹性变形elastic deformation67．塑性变形plastic deformation70．应变strain71．线应变linear strain72．剪应变shear strain; tangential strain73．主应变principal strain74．作用效应组合combination for action effects75．作用效应基本组合fundamental combination for action effects 77．短期效应组合combination for short-term action effects 78．持久效应组合combination for long-term action effects 79．设计限值limiting design value1．抗力resistance2．强度strength3．抗压强度compressive strength4．抗拉强度tensile strength5．抗剪强度shear strength6．抗弯强度flexural strength7．屈服强度yield strength8．疲劳强度fatigue strength9．极限应变ultimate strain10．弹性模量modulus of elasticity11.剪变模量shear modulus12．变形模量modulus of deformation13．泊松比Poisson ratio14．承载能力bearing capacity15．受压承载能力compressive capacity16．受拉承载能力tensile capacity17．受剪承载能力shear capacity18．受弯承载能力flexural capacity19．受扭承载能力torsional capacity20．疲劳承载能力fatigue capacity21．刚度stiffness; rigidity22．抗裂度crack resistance23．极限变形ultimate deformation24．稳定性stability26．脆性破坏brittle failure27．延性破坏ductile failure30．材料性能分项系数partial safety factor for property of material。
土木工程专业英语词汇
人力
Manufacturer [,mænju’fækt∫ərə] 制造商 Material [mə’tiəriəl] 材料 Measure [‘meЗə] 办法� 措施 Take effective measures[i’fektiv] 采取有效措施 Measurement [‘meЗ əmənt] 测量 计量 Memorandum [,memə’rændəm] 备忘录 Mobilization[,məubilai’zei∫ən] 进场 Objection[əb’dзek∫ən] 反对 Payment[‘peimənt] 支付 Plant [pla׃nt] 设备
average hole depth[‘ævəridЗ ] 平均孔深
average quantity used in unit volume[‘volju׃m] blasted
[‘bla׃stid] 平均单耗 blasting result 爆破结果
blockness 块度
controlled perimeter blasting [pə’rimitə] 周边控制爆 破
concrete excavation [‘konkri׃t] 砼开挖 fault excavation[fo׃lt] 断层开挖
foundation excavation [faun’dei∫ən] 基础开挖 local excavation 局部开挖
mass (bulk ) excavation 大面积开挖
Submission [səb’mi∫ən] 提交 Supervise [‘sju׃pəvaiz] 监督�监视
Supplier [sə’plaiə] 供贷商
The
international
土木工程专业英语词汇大全
土木工程专业英语词汇大全
土木工程专业培养掌握各类土木工程学科的基本理论和基本知识，能在房屋建筑、地下建筑(含矿井建筑)、道路、隧道、桥梁建筑、水电站、港口及近海结构与设施、给水排水和地基处理等领域从事规划、设计、施工、管理和研究工作的高级工程技术人才。
以下是土木工程专业的专业英语词汇，一起来看看吧。
geotechnical engineering 综合类大地工程
back analysis method 综合类反分析法
foundation engineering 综合类基础工程
critical state soil mechanics 综合类临界状态土力学
numerical geomechanics 综合类数值岩土力学
soil, earth 综合类土
soil dynamics 综合类土动力学
soil mechanics 综合类土力学
geotechnical engineering 综合类岩土工程
stress path 综合类应力路径
stress path method 综合类应力路径法
metamorphic rock 工程地质及勘察变质岩
standard frost penetration 工程地质及勘察标准冻深
glacial deposit 工程地质及勘察冰川沉积
glacial deposit 工程地质及勘察冰积层(台)
eluvial soil, residual soil 工程地质及勘察残积土
beding 工程地质及勘察层理
feldspar 工程地质及勘察长石
sedimentary rock 工程地质及勘察沉积岩。
土木工程专业英语词汇
土木工程专业英语词汇1. 大地工程geotechnical engineering1. 反分析法back analysis method1. 基础工程foundation engineering1. 临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics 1. 数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics1. 土soil, earth1. 土动力学soil dynamics1. 土力学soil mechanics1. 岩土工程geotechnical engineering1. 应力路径stress path1. 应力路径法stress path method2. 变质岩metamorphic rock2. 标准冻深standard frost penetration2. 冰川沉积glacial deposit2. 冰积层（台）glacial deposit2. 残积土eluvial soil, residual soil2. 层理beding2. 长石feldspar2. 沉积岩sedimentary rock2. 承压水confined water2. 次生矿物secondary mineral2. 地质年代geological age2. 地质图geological map2. 地下水groundwater2. 断层fault2. 断裂构造fracture structure2. 工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration 2. 海积层（台）marine deposit2. 海相沉积marine deposit2. 花岗岩granite2. 滑坡landslide2. 化石fossil2. 化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock2. 阶地terrace2. 节理joint2. 解理cleavage2. 喀斯特karst2. 矿物硬度hardness of minerals2. 砾岩conglomerate2. 流滑flow slide2. 陆相沉积continental sedimentation2. 泥石流mud flow, debris flow2. 年粘土矿物clay minerals2. 凝灰岩tuff2. 牛轭湖ox-bow lake2. 浅成岩hypabyssal rock2. 潜水ground water2. 侵入岩intrusive rock2. 取土器geotome2. 砂岩sandstone2. 砂嘴spit, sand spit2. 山岩压力rock pressure2. 深成岩plutionic rock2. 石灰岩limestone2. 石英quartz2. 松散堆积物rickle2. 围限地下水（台）confined ground water 2. 泻湖lagoon2. 岩爆rock burst2. 岩层产状attitude of rock2. 岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock2. 岩脉dike, dgke2. 岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 2. 岩石构造structure of rock2. 岩石结构texture of rock2. 岩体rock mass2. 页岩shale2. 原生矿物primary mineral2. 云母mica2. 造岩矿物rock-forming mineral2. 褶皱fold, folding2. 钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section3. 饱和土saturated soil3. 超固结土overconsolidated soil3. 冲填土dredger fill3. 充重塑土3. 冻土frozen soil, tjaele3. 非饱和土unsaturated soil3. 分散性土dispersive soil3. 粉土silt, mo3. 粉质粘土silty clay3. 高岭石kaolinite3. 过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil 3. 红粘土red clay, adamic earth3. 黄土loess, huangtu(China)3. 蒙脱石montmorillonite3. 泥炭peat, bog muck3. 年粘土clay3. 年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil3. 膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil3. 欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil3. 区域性土zonal soil3. 人工填土fill, artificial soil3. 软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle3. 砂土sand3. 湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess3. 素填土plain fill3. 塑性图plasticity chart3. 碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed sto ne, deritus3. 未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay3. 无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil3. 岩石rock3. 伊利土illite3. 有机质土organic soil3. 淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush3. 淤泥质土mucky soil3. 原状土undisturbed soil3. 杂填土miscellaneous fill3. 正常固结土normally consolidated soil3. 正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil3. 自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess4. 阿太堡界限Atterberg limits4. 饱和度degree of saturation4. 饱和密度saturated density4. 饱和重度saturated unit weight4. 比重specific gravity4. 稠度consistency4. 不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient 4. 触变thixotropy4. 单粒结构single-grained structure4. 蜂窝结构honeycomb structure4. 干重度dry unit weight4. 干密度dry density4. 塑性指数plasticity index4. 含水量water content, moisture content4. 活性指数4. 级配gradation, grading4. 结合水bound water, combined water, held water4. 界限含水量Atterberg limits4. 颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil4. 可塑性plasticity4. 孔隙比void ratio4. 孔隙率porosity4. 粒度granularity, grainness, grainage4. 粒组fraction, size fraction4. 毛细管水capillary water4. 密度density4. 密实度compactionness4. 年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil4. 平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter4. 曲率系数coefficient of curvature4. 三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram 4. 三相土tri-phase soil4. 湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure4. 湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility4. 缩限shrinkage limit4. 土的构造soil texture4. 土的结构soil structure4. 土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles4. 土中气air in soil4. 土中水water in soil4. 团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith4. 限定粒径constrained diameter4. 相对密度relative density, density index4. 相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compa ction, coefficient of compaction4. 絮状结构flocculent structure4. 压密系数coefficient of consolidation4. 压缩性compressibility4. 液限liquid limit4. 液性指数liquidity index4. 游离水（台）free water4. 有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size4. 有效密度effective density4. 有效重度effective unit weight4. 重力密度unit weight4. 自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic wa ter4. 组构fabric4. 最大干密度maximum dry density4. 最优含水量optimum water content5. 达西定律Darcy s law5. 管涌piping5. 浸润线phreatic line5. 临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient 5. 流函数flow function5. 流土flowing soil5. 流网flow net5. 砂沸sand boiling5. 渗流seepage5. 渗流量seepage discharge5. 渗流速度seepage velocity5. 渗透力seepage force5. 渗透破坏seepage failure5. 渗透系数coefficient of permeability 5. 渗透性permeability5. 势函数potential function5. 水力梯度hydraulic gradient。
土木工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语Specialty English3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程Civil Engineering5 地下工程Underground Engineering6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程Traffic Engineering12 港口工程Port Engineering13 安全性safety17木结构timber structure18 砌体结构masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构steelstructure21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋rebar25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure 28 桁架结构truss structure29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure30 近海工程offshore engineering31 静力学statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁simply supported beam35 固定支座fixed bearing36弹性力学elasticity37 塑性力学plasticity38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics40 土力学soil mechanics41 水力学hydraulics42 流体力学fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力concentrated force45 压力pressure46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力uniform pressure48 体力body force49 重力gravity50 线荷载line load51 弯矩bending moment52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress54 应变stain55 正应力normal stress56 剪应力shearing stress57 主应力principal stress58 变形deformation59 内力internal force60 偏移量挠度deflection61 settlement 沉降62 屈曲失稳buckle63 轴力axial force64 允许应力allowable stress65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis66 梁beam67 壳shell68 板plate69 桥bridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力active earth pressure72 被动土压力passive earth pressure73 承载力load-bearing capacity74 水位water Height75 位移displacement76 结构力学structural mechanics77 材料力学material mechanics78 经纬仪altometer79 水准仪level80 学科discipline81 子学科sub-discipline82 期刊journal ,periodical83文献literature84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号86 卷volume87 期number 88 专著monograph89 会议论文集Proceeding90 学位论文thesis, dissertation91 专利patent92 档案档案室archive93 国际学术会议conference94 导师advisor95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis96 博士研究生doctorate student97 研究生postgraduate98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引101 题目title102 摘要abstract103 全文full-text104 参考文献reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词Subject107 关键字keyword108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署110 ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法analytical method112 数值方法numerical method113 计算computation114 说明书instruction第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical engineering岩土工程2.foundation engineering基础工程3.soil, earth土4.soil mechanics土力学cyclic loading周期荷载unloading卸载reloading再加载viscoelastic foundation粘弹性地基viscous damping粘滞阻尼shear modulus剪切模量5.soil dynamics土动力学6.stress path应力路径7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二. 土的分类 1.residual soil残积土groundwater level地下水位 2.groundwater 地下水groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 ndslides滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察8.boulder漂石9.cobble卵石10.gravel砂石11.gravelly sand砾砂12.coarse sand粗砂13.medium sand中砂14.fine sand细砂15.silty sand粉土16.clayey soil粘性土17.clay粘土18.silty clay粉质粘土19.silt粉土20.sandy silt 砂质粉土21.clayey silt粘质粉土22.saturated soil饱和土23.unsaturated soil非饱和土24.fill (soil)填土25.overconsolidated soil超固结土26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土28.zonal soil区域性土29.soft clay软粘土30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土31.peat泥炭32.loess 黄土33.frozen soil冻土24.degree of saturation饱和度25.dry unit weight干重度26.moist unit weight湿重度45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四. 渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’s law 达西定律2.piping管涌3.flowing soil流土4.sand boiling砂沸5.flow net流网6.seepage渗透（流）7.leakage渗流8.seepage pressure渗透压力9.permeability渗透性10.seepage force渗透力11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数五. 地基应力和变形1.soft soil软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress有效应力4.total stress 总应力5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度6.low activity低活性7.sensitivity灵敏度8.triaxial test三轴试验9.foundation design基础设计10.recompaction再压缩11.bearing capacity承载力12.soil mass土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load集中荷载15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体16.homogeneous均质17.isotropic各向同性18.strip footing条基19.square spread footing方形独立基础20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载22.live load 活载23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load长期荷载25.reduced load折算荷载26.settlement沉降27.deformation变形28.casing套管29.dike=dyke堤（防）30.clay fraction粘粒粒组31.physical properties物理性质32.subgrade路基33.well-graded soil级配良好土34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土35.normal stresses正应力36.shear stresses剪应力37.principal plane主平面38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小）主应力39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件40.FEM=finite element method有限元法41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数pression index压缩指数47.swelling index回弹指数48.geostatic stress自重应力49.additional stress附加应力50.total stress总应力51.final settlement最终沉降52.slip line滑动线六. 基坑开挖与降水 1 excavation开挖（挖方） 2 dewatering（基坑）降水3 failure of foundation基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution孔压分布8 dewatering method降低地下水位法9 well point system井点系统（轻型）10 deep well point深井点11 vacuum well point真空井点12 braced cuts支撑围护13 braced excavation支撑开挖14 braced sheeting支撑挡板七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩bored pile钻孔桩special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩rammed bulb pile夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩steel pipe pile钢管桩steel sheet pile钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩2.caisson foundation 沉井（箱） 3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙4.friction pile摩擦桩5.end-bearing pile端承桩6.shaft竖井；桩身7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析8.pile caps承台（桩帽）9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力teral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力14.low pile cap低桩承台15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力17.silent piling静力压桩18.uplift pile抗拔桩19.anti-slide pile抗滑桩20.pile groups群桩21.efficiency factor of pile groups群桩效率系数（η）22.efficiency of pile groups群桩效应23.dynamic pile testing桩基动测技术24.final set最后贯入度25.dynamic load test of pile桩动荷载试验26.pile integrity test桩的完整性试验27.pile head=butt桩头28.pile tip=pile point=pile toe桩端（头）29.pile spacing 桩距30.pile plan桩位布置图31.arrangement of piles =pile layout桩的布置32.group action群桩作用33.end bearing=tip resistance桩端阻34.skin(side) friction=shaft resistance桩侧阻35.pile cushion桩垫36.pile driving(by vibration) （振动）打桩37.pile pulling test拔桩试验38.pile shoe桩靴39.pile noise打桩噪音40.pile rig打桩机九. 固结consolidation1.Terzzaghi’s consolidation theory太沙基固结理论2.Barraon’s consolidation theory巴隆固结理论3.Biot’s consolidation theory比奥固结理论4.over consolidation ration (OCR)超固结比5.overconsolidation soil超固结土6.excess pore water pressure超孔压力7.multi-dimensional consolidation多维固结8.one-dimensional consolidation一维固结9.primary consolidation主固结10.secondary consolidation次固结11.degree of consolidation固结度12.consolidation test固结试验13.consolidation curve固结曲线14.time factor Tv 时间因子15.coefficient of consolidation固结系数16.preconsolidation pressure前期固结压力17.principle of effective stress有效应力原理18.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结十. 抗剪强度shear strength 1.undrained shear strength不排水抗剪强度2.residual strength残余强度3.long-term strength长期强度4.peak strength峰值强度5.shear strain rate剪切应变速率6.dilatation剪胀7.effective stress approach of shear strength 剪胀抗剪强度有效应力法8.total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度总应力法9.Mohr-Coulomb theory莫尔－库仑理论10.angle of internal friction内摩擦角11.cohesion粘聚力12.failure criterion破坏准则13.vane strength十字板抗剪强度14.unconfined compression无侧限抗压强度15.effective stress failure envelop有效应力破坏包线16.effective stress strength parameter有效应力强度参数十一. 本构模型--constitutive model1.elastic model弹性模型2.nonlinear elastic model非线性弹性模型3.elastoplastic model弹塑性模型4.viscoelastic model粘弹性模型5.boundary surface model边界面模型6.Duncan-Chang model邓肯－张模型7.rigid plastic model 刚塑性模型8.cap model盖帽模型9.work softening加工软化10.work hardening加工硬化11.Cambridge model剑桥模型12.ideal elastoplastic model理想弹塑性模型13.Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion莫尔－库仑屈服准则14.yield surface屈服面15.elastic half-space foundation model弹性半空间地基模型16.elastic modulus弹性模量17.Winkler foundation model文克尔地基模型十二. 地基承载力--bearing capacity of foundation soil 1.punching shear failure冲剪破坏2.general shear failure 整体剪切破化 3.local shear failure局部剪切破坏 4.state of limit equilibrium极限平衡状态5.critical edge pressure临塑荷载6.stability of foundation soil地基稳定性7.ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基极限承载力8.allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基容许承载力十三. 土压力--earth pressure1.active earth pressure主动土压力2.passive earth pressure被动土压力3.earth pressure at rest静止土压力4.Coulomb’s earth pressure theory库仑土压力理论5.R ankine’s earth pressure theory朗金土压力理论十四. 土坡稳定分析--slope stability analysis1.angle of repose休止角2.Bishop method毕肖普法3.safety factor of slope边坡稳定安全系数4.Fellenius method of slices费纽伦斯条分法5.Swedish circle method 瑞典圆弧滑动法6.slices method条分法十五. 挡土墙--retaining wall1.stability of retaining wall挡土墙稳定性2.foundation wall基础墙3.counter retaining wall扶壁式挡土墙4.cantilever retaining wall悬臂式挡土墙5.cantilever sheet pile wall悬臂式板桩墙6.gravity retaining wall重力式挡土墙7.anchored plate retaining wall锚定板挡土墙8.anchored sheet pile wall锚定板板桩墙十六. 板桩结构物--sheet pile structure 1.steel sheet pile钢板桩 2.reinforced concrete sheet pile钢筋混凝土板桩3.steel piles钢桩4.wooden sheet pile木板桩5.timber piles木桩十七. 浅基础--shallow foundation 1.box foundation箱型基础 2.mat(raft) foundation片筏基础 3.strip foundation条形基础 4.spread footing扩展基础 pensated foundation补偿性基础6.bearing stratum持力层7.rigid foundation刚性基础8.flexible foundation柔性基础9.embedded depth of foundation基础埋置深度 foundation pressure基底附加应力11.structure-foundation-soil interaction analysis上部结构－基础－地基共同作用分析十八. 土的动力性质--dynamic properties of soils1.dynamic strength of soils动强度2.wave velocity method波速法3.material damping材料阻尼4.geometric damping几何阻尼5.damping ratio阻尼比6.initial liquefaction初始液化7.natural period of soil site地基固有周期8.dynamic shear modulus of soils动剪切模量9.dynamic ma二十. 地基基础抗震 1.earthquake engineering地震工程2.soil dynamics土动力学3.duration of earthquake地震持续时间 4.earthquake response spectrum地震反应谱5.earthquake intensity地震烈度6.earthquake magnitude 震级7.seismic predominant period地震卓越周期8.maximum acceleration of earthquake地震最大加速度二十一. 室内土工实验 1.high pressure consolidation test 高压固结试验 2.consolidation under K0 condition K0固结试验 3.falling head permeability变水头试验4.constant head permeability常水头渗透试验5.unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test不固结不排水试验(UU)6.consolidated undrained triaxial test固结不排水试验(CU)7.consolidated drained triaxial test固结排水试验(CD)paction test击实试验9.consolidated quick direct shear test固结快剪试验10.quick direct shear test快剪试验11.consolidated drained direct shear test慢剪试验12.sieve analysis筛分析13.geotechnical model test土工模型试验14.centrifugalmodel test离心模型试验15.direct shear apparatus直剪仪16.direct shear test直剪试验17.direct simple shear test直接单剪试验18.dynamic triaxial test三轴试验19.dynamic simple shear 动单剪20.free（resonance）vibration column test自(共)振柱试验二十二. 原位测试 1.standard penetration test (SPT)标准贯入试验 2.surface wave test (SWT)表面波试验3.dynamic penetration test(DPT)动力触探试验 4.static cone penetration (SPT) 静力触探试验5.plate loading test 静力荷载试验 teral load test of pile 单桩横向载荷试验7.static load test of pile 单桩竖向荷载试验8.cross-hole test 跨孔试验9.screw plate test螺旋板载荷试验10.pressuremeter test旁压试验11.light sounding轻便触探试验12.deep settlement measurement深层沉降观测13.vane shear test十字板剪切试验14.field permeability test现场渗透试验15.in-situ pore water pressure measurement 原位孔隙水压量测16.in-situ soil test原位试验。
[中英]土木工程专业英语词汇
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土木工程专业英语词汇第一节一般术语1. 工程结构building and civil engineering structures房屋建筑和土木工程的建筑物、构筑物及其相关组成部分的总称。
2. 工程结构设计design of building and civil engineering structures在工程结构的可靠与经济、适用与美观之间，选择一种最佳的合理的平衡，使所建造的结构能满足各种预定功能要求。
3. 房屋建筑工程building engineering一般称建筑工程，为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
4. 土木工程civil engineering除房屋建筑外，为新建、改建或扩建各类工程的建筑物、构筑物和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
5. 公路工程highway engineering为新建或改建各级公路和相关配套设施等而进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
6. 铁路工程railway engineering为新建或改建铁路和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
7. 港口与航道工程port ( harbour ) and waterway engineering为新建或改建港口与航道和相关配套设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
8. 水利工程hydraulic engineering为修建治理水患、开发利用水资源的各项建筑物、构筑物和相关配设施等所进行的勘察、规划、设计、施工、安装和维护等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。
9. 水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering以利用水能发电为主要任务的水利工程。
土木工程 专英单词
1, ancestor ['ænsəstə] n. 祖宗,祖先2, arch [ɑ:tʃ]n. 弓形，拱形；拱门adj. 主要的vt. 使…弯成弓形；用拱连接vi. 拱起；成为弓形3, anchor ['æŋkə]n. 锚；抛锚停泊；靠山；新闻节目主播vt. 抛锚；使固定；主持节目vi. 抛锚adj. 末捧的；最后一棒的4, apparatus [,æpə'reitəs]n. 装置，设备；仪器；器官5, assemble [ə'sembl] vt. 集合，聚集；装配；收集vi. 集合，聚集6, automatically [,ɔ:tə'mætikəli]adv. 自动地；机械地；无意识地adj. 不经思索的7, automatic [,ɔ:tə'mætik]adj. 自动的；无意识的；必然的n. 自动机械；自动手枪8, 集中力集中力: concentrated force|single force潮汐集中力: tide concentrating force释义：集中力: power concentration|concentra tion power9, artificial [,ɑ:ti'fiʃəl]adj. 人造的；仿造的；虚伪的；非原产地的；武断的10, alternative[ɔ:l'tə:nətiv]adj. 供选择的；选择性的；交替的n. 二中择一；供替代的选择11, aging ['eidʒiŋ]n. 老化；陈化，熟化12, approach [ə'prəutʃ]n. 方法；途径；接近vt. 接近；着手处理vi. 靠近13, accomplish [ə'kʌmpliʃ, ə'kɔm-]vt. 完成；实现；达到14, aqueduct ['ækwidʌkt]n. 渡槽；导水管；沟渠15, bits齿片16, bits and pieces零碎东西17, brief [bri:f]adj. 简短的，简洁的；短暂的，草率的n. 摘要，简报；概要，诉书vt. 简报，摘要；作…的提要18, barring ['bɑ:riŋ]prep. 除非；不包括；除…以外v. 阻拦（bar的ing形式）19, barrier ['bæriə]n. 障碍物，屏障；界线vt. 把…关入栅栏20, bullet ['bulit]n. 子弹；只选某党全部候选人的投票；[美俚]豆子vi. 射出；迅速行进21, bolt [bəult]n. 螺栓；闪电；门闩；弩箭vt. 囫囵吞下；上门闩vi. 逃跑；冲出adv. 突然地；直立地22, brick [brik]n. 砖，砖块；砖形物；[口]心肠好的人vt. 用砖砌adj. 用砖做的；似砖的23, blad [blæd]vt. （苏格兰）打击；损坏n. 打击；片断24, bleak [bli:k]adj. 阴冷的；荒凉的，无遮蔽的；黯淡的，无希望的；冷酷的；单调的25, bulkhead ['bʌkhed]n. 隔板；防水壁26, boom [bu:m]vt. 使兴旺；发隆隆声vi. 急速发展；发隆隆声n. 繁荣；吊杆；隆隆声27, bundle ['bʌndl]n. 束；捆vt. 捆vi. 匆忙离开28, burgeoning ['bə:dʒəniŋ]adj. 增长迅速的；生机勃勃的v. 成长（burgeon的ing形式）；迅速发展29, burgeon ['bə:dʒən] vi. 萌芽vt. 发芽n. 嫩枝30, bars [ba:z]n. 酒吧（bar的复数形式）；（木、金属等的）条；栅栏；马齿龈31, bend [bend]vt. 使弯曲；使屈服；使致力；使朝向vi. 弯曲，转弯；屈服；倾向；专心于n. 弯曲32, civilization [,sivilai'zeiʃən, -li'z-]n. 文明；文化33, cutler ['kʌtlə]n. 刀匠；刀剪商34, channel ['tʃænəl] vt. 引导，开导；形成河道n. 通道；频道；海峡35, coat [kəut]n. 外套vt. 覆盖…的表面36, compact [kəm'pækt,'kɔmpækt]n. 合同，契约；小粉盒adj. 紧凑的，紧密的；简洁的vt. 使简洁；使紧密结合37, cap [kæp]n. 帽子,盖子v. 给戴帽,覆盖于…顶端38, collapse [kə'læps]vi. 倒塌；瓦解；暴跌vt. 使倒塌，使崩溃；使萎陷n. 倒塌；失败；衰竭39, crack [kræk]vt. 使破裂；打开；变声vi. 破裂；爆裂n. 裂缝；声变；噼啪声adj. 最好的；高明的40, clay [klei]n. 粘土；泥土；肉体；似黏土的东西vt. 用黏土处理41, concrete [kən'kri:t,'kɔnkri:t]adj. 混凝土的；实在的，具体的；有形的vi. 凝结vt. 使凝固；用混凝土修筑n. 具体物；凝结物42, cavity ['kævəti]n. 腔；洞，凹处43, crucial ['kru:ʃəl]adj. 重要的；决定性的；定局的；决断的44, cement [si'ment]vt. 巩固，加强；用水泥涂；接合vi. 粘牢n. 水泥；接合剂45, continent ['kɔntinənt]n. 大陆，洲，陆地adj. 自制的，克制的46, currently ['kʌrəntli]adv. 当前；一般地47, chunnel ['tʃʌnəl]n. 海底隧道48, chalk [tʃɔ:k]vt. 用粉笔写；用白垩粉擦；记录；规划n. 粉笔；白垩；用粉笔划的记号adj. 用粉笔写的vi. 变成白垩状49, cylinder ['silində]n. 圆筒；汽缸；柱面；圆柱状物50, clue [klu:]n. 线索；（故事等的）情节vt. 为…提供线索；[口]为…提供情况51, clam [klæm]vi. 捞蛤n. 蛤；沉默寡言的人；钳子52, crystal ['kristəl]n. 结晶，晶体；水晶；水晶饰品adj. 水晶的；透明的，清澈的53, contest ['kɔntest, kən'test]vt. 争辩；提出质疑vi. 竞争；争辩n. 竞赛；争夺；争论54, crew [kru:]n. 队，组；全体人员，全体船员vi. 一起工作vt. 使当船员55, curtain ['kə:tən]n. 窗帘56, chill [tʃil]n. 寒冷,寒意,失意a. 寒冷的,冷漠的v. 使...寒心,冷冻57, confront [kən'frʌnt]v. 面对,对抗,遭遇58, 抗压resist compression59, divide [di'vaid]v. 除,分割,划分,隔开60, disaster [di'zɑ:stə]n. 灾难61, domain [dəu'mein] n. 领域[计算机] 域62, dynamite['dainəmait]n. 炸药63, drill [dril]n. 钻孔机,钻子,播种机v. 训练,钻孔64, disintegration[dis,inti'greiʃən]n. 瓦解65, disintegrate[dis'intigreit]v. (使)粉碎,(使)碎裂,解体,瓦解vt. 瓦解,崩溃66, deteriorate[di'tiəriəreit]v. 恶化67, daunting [dɔ:ntiŋ]a. 令人畏惧的68, dam [dæm]n. 水坝69, distant ['distənt]a. 遥远的,远的70, ditch [ditʃ]n. 沟渠v. 坠沟中71, dormant ['dɔ:mənt]a. 睡眠状态的,静止的[计算机] 静止的72, diameter[dai'æmitə]n. 直径73, dump [dʌmp]n. 垃圾场v. 倾卸,切断电源,倾倒74, devise [di'vaiz]v. 设计75, 结构设计rchitectonicsphysical design76, deliver [di'livə]v. 递送,表达,释放,交付,接生77, durable ['djuərəbl]a. 耐久的n. 耐用品78, dwarf [dwɔ:f]n. 矮子,侏儒79, duct [dʌkt]n. 管道,导管80, disruptive [dis'rʌptiv]a. 捣乱的,破坏性的,制造混乱的81, dock [dɔk]n. 码头,船坞v. 靠码头,入坞82, drain [drein]n. 下水道,排水沟,消耗v. 耗尽,排出沟外83, drainage ['dreinid ʒ]v. 排水n. 排水系统,污水84, draining ['dreiniŋ] 排水泄水排泄85, distortion [dis'tɔ:ʃən]n. 扭曲,变形,曲解86, district ['distrikt]n. 区,地区,行政区v. 区,区域,地区87, desperate ['despərit]a. 不顾一切的,绝望的88, desperatelyad. 拼命地(极严重地,厉害地) 89, deflection [di'flekʃən]n. 歪斜,偏,偏向90, drastic ['dræstik]a. 激烈的,猛烈的91, evolution [,i:və'lu:ʃən, ,evə-]n. 进化,发展,进展92, escape [is'keip]n. 逃亡,避难设备v. 逃脱,避开,溜走[计算机] 换码93, enterprise['entəpraiz]n. 企业,事业94, excavation[,ekskə'veiʃən]n. 挖掘,发掘,挖掘的洞95, extension [iks'tenʃən]n. 延长,扩充,范围96, endorse [in'dɔ:s]v. 支持,赞同,背书于97, entire [in'taiə]a. 全部的,整个的98, entirely[in'taiəli]ad. 完全地99, eventually [i'ventjʊəli]ad. 终于,最后100, eddy ['edi]n. 逆流,漩涡v. 起漩涡101, exert [ig'zə:t]v. 发挥,运用,施以影响102, accumulatedadj. 累积的；累计的；达到v. 累积（accumulate的过去分词）103, explosive[ik'spləusiv]adj. 爆炸的；爆炸性的；爆发性的n. 炸药；爆炸物104, escalate['eskəleit]vi. 逐步增强；逐步升高vt. 使逐步上升105, escalating trend上升趋势106, escalatingv. 逐步上升（escalate的ing形式）107, equivalent[i'kwivələnt]adj. 等价的，相等的；同意义的n. 等价物，相等物108, evaporate [i'væpəreit]vt. 使……蒸发；使……脱水；使……消失vi. 蒸发，挥发；消失，失踪109, enormous [i'n ɔ:məs]adj. 庞大的，巨大的；凶暴的，极恶的110, elevator ['eliveitə]n. 电梯；升降机；升降舵；起卸机111, embed [im'bed]vt. 栽种；使嵌入，使插入；使深留脑中112, empower [im'pauə] vt. 授权，允许；使能够113, encroach [in'krəut ʃ]vi. 侵占；蚕食；侵蚀vt. 侵犯114, 抗剪[kàng jiǎn]shear shearresisting shear resisting shear resisting shear resisting shear115, 抗弯[kàng wān]bending resistance bending resistance bending resistance bending resistanceanti-bendinganti-bending116, 抗扭[kàng niǔ]antitorque antitorque117, 刚度[gāng dù]rigidityseveritystiffness118, 强度[qiáng dù]strength strengthintensity intensityintension intension119, 挠度[náo dù]deflection deflectionbending bendingbend bendunder load underload under load underload120, 压力[yā lì]pressure121, 弯矩[wān jǔ]{力} bending moment122, 扭矩torsion torsiontorque torquetwist twistmoment of torsionmoment of torsionmoment of torsionmoment of torsionmoment of torsionmoment of torsion123, 剪力[jiǎn lì]shearing forceshearing forceshearing forceshearing forceshear force shearforce shear forceshear force124, 应力stress stress125, 应变{物} strain{物}strainmeet an emergencymeet an emergencymeet an emergencymeet an emergencymeet an emergencymeet an emergency126, infrastucturen. 底层结构127, initial [i'niʃəl]adj. 最初的；字首的vt. 用姓名的首字母签名n. 词首大写字母128, intact [in'tækt]adj. 完整的；原封不动的；未受损伤的129, interrupt [,intə'rʌpt]vt. 中断；打断；插嘴；妨碍vi. 打断；打扰n. 中断130, indispensable[,indis'pensəbl]adj. 不可缺少的；绝对必要的；责无旁贷的n. 不可缺少之物；必不可少的人131, intensive [in'tensiv]adj. 加强的；集中的；透彻的；[语法]加强语气的n. 加强器132, 荷载[hâ zài]load load133, 均布荷载[jūn bùhâ zài]even load even load even load even load uniform ( distributed ) load uniform ( distributed ) load uniform ( distributed ) load uniform ( distributed ) load uniform ( distributed ) load uniform ( distributed ) load134, inevitably [in'evitəbli]adv. 不可避免地；必然地135, inspection [in'spekʃən]n. 视察，检查136, indication [,indi'keiʃən]n. 指示，指出；迹象；象征137, indicator ['indikeitə]n. 指示器；[化]指示剂；[计]指示符；压力计138, irrigation [,iri'ɡeiʃən]n. 灌溉；冲洗；【医】冲洗法139, investigate[in'vestiɡeit]v. 调查；研究140, impervious[im'pə:viəs]adj. 不受影响的，无动于衷的；不能渗透的141, intersect[,intə'sekt]vi. 相交，交叉vt. 横断，横切；贯穿142, framework['freimwə:k]n. 框架，骨架；结构，构架143, frenzy ['frenzi]n. 狂暴；狂怒；暴怒vt. 使发狂；使狂怒144, fragment['fræɡmənt]n. 碎片；片断或不完整部分vt. 使成碎片vi. 破碎或裂开145, gravity ['ɡræviti]n. 重力，地心引力；严重性；庄严146, ferry ['feri]n. 渡船；摆渡；渡口vt. （乘渡船）渡过；用渡船运送；空运vi. 摆渡；来往行驶147, horizontally [,hɔri'zɔntli]adv. 水平地；地平地148, hydraulic [hai'drɔ:lik]adj. 液压的；水力的；水力学的149, geology [dʒi'ɔlədʒi]n. 地质学；地质情况150, function ['fʌŋkʃən]n. 功能；函数；职责；盛大的集会vi. 运行；活动；行使职责151, giant ['dʒaiənt]n. 巨人；伟人；巨大的动物adj. 巨大的；巨人般的152, fume [fju:m]vi. 冒烟；发怒vt. 熏；冒烟；愤怒地说n. 烟；愤怒，烦恼153, groofgroof: 顶层154, graphic ['ɡræfik]adj. 形象的；图表的；绘画似的155, formidable ['fɔ:midəbl]adj. 强大的；可怕的；令人敬畏的；艰难的156, foundation[faun'deiʃən]n. 基础；地基；基金会；根据；创立157, hesitant ['hezitənt]adj. 迟疑的；踌躇的；犹豫不定的158, flatness ['flætnis]n. 平坦；单调；断然的态度159, gage [ɡeidʒ]vt. 以…为担保；以…为赌注n. 计量器；挑战；抵押品160, girder ['ɡə:də]n. [建]大梁，纵梁161, fatal ['feitl] adj. 致命的；重大的；毁灭性的；命中注定的162, havoc ['hævək]n. 大破坏；浩劫；蹂躏vt. 严重破坏vi. 损毁163, facility [fə'siliti]n. 设施；设备；容易；灵巧164, gigantic [,dʒai'ɡæntik]adj. 巨大的，庞大的165, recipe ['resipi] n. 食谱；[医]处方；秘诀166, grout [ɡraut]vt. 灌浆；用薄泥浆填塞n. 水泥浆；薄浆167, fiber ['faibə]n. 纤维；光纤（等于fibre）168, reclaim [ri'kleim]vt. 开拓；回收再利用；改造某人，使某人悔改vi. 抗议，喊叫n. 改造，感化；[化]再生胶169, loom [lu:m]n. 织布机；若隐若现的景象vi. 可怕地出现；朦胧地出现；隐约可见vt. 在织布机上织170, launch [lɔ:ntʃ,lɑ:ntʃ]vt. 发射（导弹、火箭等）；发起，发动；使…下水vi. 开始；下水；起飞n. 发射；发行，投放市场；下水；汽艇171, launchedv. 启动；发射；开始（launch的过去式，过去分词）；下水172, mobilize['məubilaiz]vt. 动员，调动；集合，组织；使…流通；使…松动vi. 组织；动员起来173, navigation[,nævi'ɡeiʃən]n. 航行；航海174, lumber ['lʌmbə]vi. 伐木；喧闹地向前走；笨重地行动，缓慢地移动vt. 砍伐木材；乱堆n. 木材；废物，无用的杂物；隆隆声175, mill [mil]vi. 乱转；被碾磨n. 工厂；磨坊；磨粉机；制造厂；压榨机vt. 搅拌；碾磨；磨细；使乱转176, led [led]v. 领导；通向；指引（lead的过去分词）177, millimeter['mili,mi:tə]n. 毫米178, notion ['nəuʃən]n. 概念；见解；打算179, manufacturer[,mænju'fæktʃərə]n. 制造商；厂商180, metropolitan[,metrə'pɔlitən]adj. 大都市的；大主教辖区的；宗主国的n. 大城市人；大主教；宗主国的公民181, machinery [mə'ʃi:nəri]n. 机械；机器；机构；机械装置182, laser ['leizə]n. 激光183, mighty ['maiti]adj. 有力的；强有力的；有势力的adv. 很；极；非常n. 有势力的人184, mentality [men'tæləti]n. 心态；智力；精神力；头脑作用185, mammoth ['mæməθ] n. 长毛象；猛犸象；庞然大物adj. 巨大的，庞大的；猛犸似的1, magnitude ['mæɡnitju:d]n. 大小；量级；震级；重要；光度2, monolithic [,mɔnə'liθik]a. 独石的,完全统一的,整体的3, leak [li:k]n. 泄漏；漏洞，裂缝vt. 使渗漏，泄露vi. 漏，渗；泄漏出去4, maze [meiz]n. 迷宫；迷惑；糊涂vt. 迷失；使混乱；使困惑5, likelihood ['laiklihud]n. 可能性，可能6, plague [pleiɡ]n. 瘟疫；灾祸；麻烦；讨厌的人vt. 折磨；使苦恼；使得灾祸7, primitive['primitiv]adj. 原始的，远古的；简单的，粗糙的n. 原始人8, precursor[pri:'kə:sə, pri-]n. 先驱，前导9, prototype['prəutətaip]n. 原型；标准，模范10, pit [pit]n. 矿井；深坑；陷阱；（物体或人体表面上的）凹陷；（英国剧场的）正厅后排；正厅后排的观众vt. 使竞争；窖藏；使凹下；去…之核；使留疤痕vi. 凹陷；起凹点11, proceed [prəu'si:d]vi. 开始；继续进行；发生；行进12, penetration[,peni'treiʃən]n. 渗透；突破；侵入；洞察力13, pulverize ['pʌlvəraiz]vt. 粉碎；使成粉末；研磨14, peak [pi:k]n. 山峰；最高点；顶点；帽舌vt. 使达到最高点；使竖起vi. 消瘦；到达最高点；变憔悴adj. 最高的；最大值的15, pontoon [pɔn'tu:n]n. 浮筒；浮码头；浮舟；驳船vt. 架浮桥于16, precise [pri'sais]adj. 精确的；明确的；严格的17, precision [pri'siʒən]n. 精度，精密度；精确adj. 精密的，精确的18, profile ['prəufail]n. 侧面；轮廓；外形；剖面19, prosperity [prɔs'periti]n. 繁荣，成功20, plunge [plʌndʒ]n. 钻进,跳进,跳水v. 投入,跳进,使...陷入21, pillar ['pilə]n. 柱子，柱形物；栋梁；墩vt. 用柱支持22, piersn. 支墩，支柱；防洪堤（pier的复数形式）23, pier [piə]n. 码头24, oscillation [,ɔsi'leiʃən]n. [物]振荡；振动；摆动25, placement['pleismənt]n. 布置；定位球；人员配置26, pipes [paips]n. 管线，管道；管子（pipe 复数形式）v. 吹奏管乐；尖声叫嚷（pipe的第三人称单数形式）27, pictorial [pik't ɔ:riəl]adj. 绘画的；形象化的n. 画报；画刊28, pump [pʌmp]vt. 打气；用抽水机抽… n. 泵，抽水机；打气筒vi. 抽水29, priority [prai'ɔrəti]n. 优先；优先权；优先次序；优先考虑的事30, plumb [plʌm]vt. 使垂直；探测，探索n. 垂直；铅锤adv. 恰恰，正；垂直地vi. 当管子工adj. 垂直的31, optical ['ɔptikəl] adj. 光学的；眼睛的，视觉的32, offshore ['ɔf'ʃɔ:, 'ɔ:-]adj. 离岸的；近海的；吹向海面的adv. 向海面，向海33, technical ['teknikəl] adj. 工艺的，科技的；技术上的；专门的34, tunnel ['tʌnəl]n. 隧道；坑道；洞穴通道vt. 挖；在…打开通道；在…挖掘隧道vi. 挖掘隧道；打开通道35, sprang [spræŋ]v. 跳跃；弹起（spring的过去式）n. 网眼；网眼编织法36, structure ['strʌktʃə]n. 结构；构造；建筑物vt. 组织；构成；建造37, steel [sti:l]n. 钢铁；钢制品；坚固vt. 钢化；使冷酷adj. 钢制的；钢铁业的；坚强的38, seepage ['si:pidʒ]n. 渗流；渗漏；渗液39, transform [træns'fɔ:m, trænz-, trɑ:n-]vt. 改变，使…变形；转换vi. 变换，改变；转化40, spray [sprei]n. 喷雾；喷雾器；水沫vt. 喷射vi. 喷41, shrink [ʃriŋk]vi. 收缩；畏缩vt. 使缩小，使收缩n. 收缩42, stability[stə'biliti]n. 稳定性；坚定，恒心43, rod [rɔd]n. 棒；惩罚；枝条；权力44, sheet [ʃi:t]n. 薄片，纸张；薄板；床单vt. 覆盖；盖上被单；使成大片vi. 成片流动；大片落下adj. 片状的45, strait [streit]adj. 狭窄的；苦恼的n. 海峡；困境46, trigger ['triɡə]vt. 引发，引起；触发vi. 松开扳柄n. 扳机；触发器；制滑机47, symbolically [sim'bɔlikəli]adv. 象征性地；象征意义地48, strictly['striktli]adv. 严格地；完全地；确实地49, technique[tek'ni:k]n. 技巧，技术；手法50, rotate [rəu'teit,'rəut-, 'rəuteit]vi. 旋转；循环vt. 使旋转；使转动；使轮流adj. 辐状的51, rim [rim]n. 边，边缘；轮辋；圆圈vi. 作…的边，装边于vt. 作…的边，装边于52, shield [ʃi:ld]n. 盾；防护物；保护者vt. 遮蔽；包庇；避开；保卫vi. 防御；起保护作用53, trail [treil]vt. 追踪；拖；蔓延；落后于n. 小径；痕迹；尾部；踪迹vi. 飘出；蔓生；垂下；拖曳54, stratum ['streitəm, 'stræ-, 'strɑ:-]n. [生]（组织的）层；[地]地层；社会阶层55, skyscraper ['skai,skreipə]n. 摩天楼，超高层大楼；特别高的东西56, sewer ['sjuə, 'su:ə] n. 下水道；阴沟；裁缝师vt. 为…铺设污水管道；用下水道排除…的污水vi. 清洗污水管57, tongue [tʌŋ]n. 舌头；语言vt. 舔；斥责；用舌吹vi. 说话；吹管乐器58, thundering ['θʌndəriŋ]adj. 如雷鸣的；非常的；异乎寻常的adv. 非常，异常n. 打雷v. 打雷；发出雷鸣般声响；大声吼叫（thunder的ing形式）59, reinforcing[,ri:in'fɔ:siŋ]vt. 加强（reinforce的ing形式）60, reinforcing bar钢筋61, reinforcing steel钢筋62, 箍筋[gū jīn]stirrup stirruphooping hooping63, subside [səb'said]vi. 平息；减弱；沉淀；[口]坐下64, tremendous[tri'mendəs]adj. 极大的，巨大的；惊人的65, representation[,reprizen'teiʃən]n. 代表；表现；表示法；陈述66, thrust [θrʌst]n. 推力,刺,力推v. 插入,推挤,刺67, stretch [stretʃ]vt. 伸展,张开vi. 伸展adj. 可伸缩的n. 伸展，延伸68, trap [træp]vt. 诱捕；使…受限制；使…陷入困境n. 陷阱；圈套；存水弯vi. 设陷阱69, simulation[,simju'leiʃən]模拟,仿真70, refrigerate[ri'fridʒəreit]v. 冷藏,使冷vt. 冷冻,冷藏71, relevantly['relivəntli]adv. 贴切地；得要领地72, splendid['splendid]a. 极好的73, sink [siŋk]n. 接收端,沟渠,污水槽v. 下沉,使...低落,陷于74, wap [wɔp, wæp]vt. 打，击；投掷vi. 打，击；投掷75, uniting[,ju'naitiŋ]n. 合并v. 使团结；使联合；使结婚（unite的现在分词）76, unify ['ju:nifai]vt. 统一；使相同，使一致77, vertical['və:tikəl]a. 垂直的n. 垂直线78, unstable ['ʌn'steibl]a. 不稳定的79, worm [wə:m]n. 虫，蠕虫；蜗杆；螺纹；小人物vt. 使蠕动；给除虫；使缓慢前进vi. 慢慢前进；蠕行80, ventilate ['ventileit]vt. 使通风；给…装通风设备；宣布81, warehouse ['wєəhaus]n. 仓库v. 存入仓库82, valvesn. 阀门；瓣膜（valve的复数）；真空管v. 装阀于…；以活门调节（valve的三单形式）83, variation [,vεəri'eiʃən]n. 变化；变异，变种84, visible ['vizəbl] adj. 明显的；看得见的；现有的；可得到的n. 可见物；进出口贸易中的有形项目85, wreak [ri:k]vt. 发泄；报仇86, vinyl ['vainil]n. [化]乙烯基87, volume ['vɔlju:m]n. 量；体积；卷；音量；大量；册adj. 大量的vi. 成团卷起vt. 把…收集成卷88, upstream ['ʌp'stri:m]向上游,逆流地89, upward ['ʌpwəd]adj. 向上的；上升的adv. 向上90, vibrate [vai'breit]vi. 振动；颤动；摇摆；踌躇vt. 使振动；使颤动91, conceive [kən'si:v]vt. 怀孕；构思；以为；持有vi. 怀孕；设想；考虑92, construction[kən'strʌkʃən]n. 建设；建筑物；解释；造句93, consist of由…构成94, criticsn. 评论家；批评者；吹毛求疵的人（critic的复数）95, cope [kəup]v. (with)竞争,对抗,对付,妥善处理vi. 对付,妥善处理96, carbidecarbide: 碳化物|炭化物|碳化合金cemented carbide: 硬质合金|烧结硬质合金|硬质合金烧结碳化物tungsten carbide: 碳化钨|炭化钨|硬质合金97, component[kəm'pəunənt]adj. 组成的，构成的n. 成分；组件；元件98, comparatively[kəm'pærətivli]adv. 比较地；相当地99, capacity[kə'pæsəti]n. 能力；容量；资格，地位；生产力100, crown [kraun]n. 王冠；花冠；王权；顶点vt. 加冕；居…之顶；表彰；使圆满完成101, cast [kɑ:s, kæst]vt. 投，抛；计算；浇铸；投射（光、影、视线等）n. 投掷，抛；铸件，铸型；演员阵容；脱落物vi. 投，抛垂钓鱼钩；计算，把几个数字加起来102, continuousadj. 连续的，持续的；继续的；连绵不断的103, cable ['keibl]n. 电缆；海底电报vt. 打电报vi. 打海底电报104, consistency [kən'sistənsi]n. 稠度(一致性,相容性)105, crane [krein]n. 吊车，起重机；鹤vi. 伸着脖子看；迟疑，踌躇vt. 用起重机起吊；伸长脖子106, cracked [krækt]a. 破碎的,破裂的,声音嘶哑的107, chloride ['kl ɔ:raid]n. 氯化物108, curriculum [kə'rikjuləm]n. 课程109, cascade [kæs'keid] n. 层叠；小瀑布；喷流vi. 像瀑布般冲下或倾泻v. 使瀑布似地落下110, canal [kə'næl]n. 运河；水道；管道；灌溉水渠vt. 在…开凿运河111, resist [ri'zist] vi. 抵抗，抗拒；忍耐vt. 抵抗；忍耐，忍住n. 抗蚀剂；防染剂112, subterranean [,sʌbtə'reiniən]adj. 地下的；秘密的；隐蔽的n. 地下工作者113, stratan. 层；地层；阶层114, segment ['seɡmənt,seɡ'ment, 'seɡment]vi. 分割n. 段；部分vt. 分割115, shaftn. 拍杆；轴；箭杆；杆状物vt. 利用；在……上装杆116, shipworm ['ʃipwə:m]n. 船蛆117, shell [ʃel]n. 壳，贝壳；炮弹；外形vi. 剥落；[计]设定命令行解释器的位置vt. 剥皮；炮轰118, toughen ['tʌfn]v. 使...坚韧,使...顽固119, simultaneously[saiməl'teiniəsli]adv. 同时地120, sensor ['sensə, -sɔ:]n. 传感器121, tungsten ['tʌŋstən]n. 钨（一种金属元素）122, sewage ['sju(:)idʒ]n. 脏水,污水123, showcase ['ʃəukeis]n. 陈列橱，陈列柜；显示优点的东西vt. 使展现；在玻璃橱窗陈列124, temporarily['tempərərili]a. 临时的ad. 暂时地,临时地125, strung [strʌŋ]v. 捆扎，系上（string的过去式和过去分词）；收紧126, string [striŋ]n. 线，细绳；一串，一行vt. 扎，缚；使排成一列，串起；伸展，拉直vi. 连成一串；排成一列127, tow [təu]n. 拖,拖曳所用之绳,麻的粗纤维v. 拖,曳128, shallow ['ʃæləu]adj. 浅的；肤浅的n. 浅滩vt. 使变浅vi. 变浅129, submerge [səb'mə:dʒ]vt. 淹没；把…浸入；沉浸vi. 淹没；潜入水中；湮没130, sonar ['səunɑ:]n. 声纳131, ram [ræm]abbr. 随机存取存储器（random access memory的缩写）；随机访问内存（random-access memory的缩写）132, temporary ['tempərəri]adj. 暂时的，临时的n. 临时工，临时雇员133, thereafter [,ðεər'ɑ:ftə, -'æf-] adv. 其后；从那时以后134, span [/spæn/]n. 跨度，跨距；范围vt. 跨越；持续；以手指测量135, suspension [sə'spenʃən]n. 悬浮；暂停；停职136, rotary ['rəutəri] adj. 旋转的，转动的；轮流的n. 旋转式机器；转缸式发动机137, slip [slip]vi. 滑动；滑倒；犯错；失足；减退vt. 使滑动；滑过；摆脱；塞入；闪开n. 滑，滑倒；片，纸片；错误；下跌；事故adj. 滑动的；有活结的；活络的abbr. 串行线路接口协议，是旧式的协议（Serial Line Interface Protocol）138, submarine ['sʌbməri:n, ,sʌbmə'ri:n]n. 潜水艇；海底生物adj. 海底的；水下的vt. 用潜水艇攻击vi. 在下疾行；在下滑动139, ribbon ['ribən]n. 带；缎带；（勋章等的）绶带；带状物；[军]勋表vi. 形成带状vt. 把…撕成条带；用缎带装饰140, twist [twist]n. 一扭,扭曲v. 拧,扭曲141, rhythmic ['riðmik,'riθ-]adj. 有节奏的（等于rhythmical）；间歇的；合拍的n. 韵律论（等于rhythmics）142, truss [trʌs]n. (干草的)一捆, 一束,构架143, trace [treis]n. 痕迹,踪迹,微量v. 追踪,回溯,描绘144, strip [strip]vt. 剥夺；剥去；脱去衣服n. 带；条状；脱衣舞vi. 脱去衣服145, spiral ['spaiərəl]n. 螺旋；旋涡；螺旋形之物adj. 螺旋形的；盘旋的vt. 使成螺旋形；使作螺旋形上升vi. 盘旋；成螺旋形；螺旋形上升（过去式spiraled/spiralled，过去分词spiraled/spiralled，现在分词spiraling/spiralling，第三人称单数spirals，副词spirally）146, sanitation[sæni'teiʃən]n. 环境卫生(卫生设备,下水道设备)147, reservoir['rezəvwɑ:]n. 水库；蓄水池148, shift [ʃift]n. 移动；变化；手段；轮班vi. 移动；转变；转换vt. 转移；改变；替换。
土木英语词汇
土木工程专业英语分类词汇目录1.一般术语12.房屋建筑结构术语33.公路路线和铁路线路术语44.桥、涵洞和隧道术语55.水工期建筑物术语66.结构构件和部件术语87.地基和基础术语108. 结构可靠性和设计方法术语119. 结构上的作用、作用代表值和作用效应术语1210. 材料性能、构件承载能力和材料性能代表值术语1411.几何参数和常用量程术语1512.工程结构设计常用的物理学、数理统计171.一般术语1 buildingandcivilengineeringstructures 工程结构2 designofbuildingandcivilengineeringstructures 工程结构设计3 buildingengineering 房屋建筑工程4 civilengineering 土木工程5 highwayengineering 公路工程6 railwayengineering 铁路工程7 port(harbour)andwaterwayengineering 港口与航道工程8 hydraulicengineering 水利工程9 hydraulicandhydroelectricengineering 水利发电工程（水电工1constructionworks 建筑物（构筑物）1structure 结构1foundation 基础1foundationsoil;subgrade;subbase;ground 地基1timberstructure 木结构1masonrystructure 砌体结构1steelstructure 钢结构1concretestructure 混凝土（砼）结构1specialengineeringstructure 特种工程结构1building 房屋建筑2industrialbuilding 工业建筑2civilbuilding;civilarchitecture 民用建筑2highway 公路2highwaynetwork 公路网2freeway 高速公路2arterialhighway 干线公路2feederhighway 支线公路2railway;railroad 铁路（铁道）2standardgaugerailway 标准轨距铁路2broadgaugerailway 宽轨距铁路3narrowgaugerailway 窄轨距铁路3railwayterminal 铁路枢纽3railwaystation 铁路车站3port;harbour 港口3marinestructure 港口水工建筑物3navigationstructure;navigationconstruction 通航（过船）建筑物3lighthouse 灯塔3waterconservancy 水利3 8 multipurposehydraulicproject;keywater-controlproject;hydro-junction水利枢纽3reservoir 水库4 0 hydraulicstructure;marinestructure;maritimeconstruction水工建筑物4waterretainingstructure;retainingworks 挡水建筑物4intakestructure 进水（取水）建筑物4outletstructure;outletworks;sluiceworks 泄水建筑物4conveyancestructure 输水建筑物4 5 regulatingstructure;trainingstructurerectificationstructure整治建筑物4 6 hydro-electricstation;hydropowerstation 水电站水泵站（抽水站、扬水4pumpstation 提水站）4safetydevice 安全设施2. 房屋建筑结构术语1 mixedstructure 混合结构2 slab-columnsystem 板柱结构3 framestructure 框架结构4 archstructure 拱结构5 folded-platestructure 折板结构6 shellstructure 壳体结构7 spacetrussstructure 风架结构8 cable-suspendedstructure 悬索结构9 pneumaticstructure 充气结构1shearwallstructure 剪力墙（结构墙）结构1frame-shearwallstructure 框架—剪力墙结构1tube 筒体结构1suspended 悬挂结构1high-rise 高耸结构3. 公路路线和铁路线路术语1 highway 公路路线2 highwayalignment 公路线形3 horizontalalignment 平面线形4 verticalalignment 纵面线形5 routeselection 公路选线6 routelocation 公路定线7 horizontalcurve 平面线8 verticalcurve 竖曲线9 gradechangepoint 变坡点1routeintersection 路线交叉1permanentway 铁路线路1railwaylocation 铁路选线1location 铁路定线1mainline 正线1sidings 站线1minimumradiusofcurve 最小曲线半1gradesection 坡段1maximum 最大坡度1grade 平面交叉2grade 立体交叉4. 桥、涵洞和隧道术语1 simplesupportedgirderbridge 桥2 continuousgirderbridge 简支梁桥3 cantilevergirderbridge 连续梁桥4 simplesupportedgirderbridge 悬臂梁桥5 cablestayedbridge 斜拉（斜张）桥6 suspensionbridge 悬索（吊）桥7 trussedbridge 桁架桥8 framebridge 框架桥9 rigidframebridge 刚构（刚架）桥1archbridge 拱桥1submersiblebridge 漫水桥1pontoonbridge 浮桥1rightbridge 正交桥1skewbridge 斜交桥1gradeseparatedbridge;overpassbridge 跨线（立交）桥1viaduct 高架桥1mainspan 正（主）桥1approachspan 引桥1curvedbridge 弯桥2rampbridge 坡桥2combinedbridge;highwayandrailwaytransitbridge 公路铁路两用桥2movablebridge 开合桥2single-trackbridge 单线桥2double-trackbridge 双线桥2bridgesuperstructure 桥跨结构（上部结2bridgefloorsystem 桥面系2bridgebearing;bridgesupport 桥支座2bridgesubstructure 桥下部结构2bridgetower 索塔（桥塔）3abutment 桥台3pier 桥墩3culvert 涵洞3tunnel 隧道（洞）3tunnelportal 隧道洞口（洞门）3tunnelsurroundingrock 隧道（洞）围岩3tunnellining 隧道（洞）衬砌5. 水工期建筑物术语1 dam 坝2 damaxis 坝轴线3 gravitydam 重力坝4 archdam 拱坝5 buttressdam 支墩坝6 earth-rockdam;embankmentdam 土石坝7 concretedam 混凝土坝8 rubberdam;flexibledam;fabricdam 橡胶坝9 spurdike;groin 丁坝1trainingdike 顺坝1spillway 溢洪道1weir 堰（溢流堰）1cofferdam 围堰1hydraulictunnel 水工隧洞1deepwaterintake 深式进水口1damtypehydropowerstation 堤坝式水电站1diversionconduittypehydropowerstation 引水（引水道）式水1tidalpowerstation 潮汐电站1pumpedstoragepowerstation 抽水蓄能电站2powerhouseofhydropowerstation 水电站厂房2forebay 前池2pressureconduit 压力管道2surgechamber 调压室2tailrace 尾水渠2navigationlock 船闸2shiplift;shipelevator 升船机2sluice;barrage 水闸2channel 渠道2aqueduct;bridgedflume 渡槽3chute 陡坡3drop 跌水3gallerysystem 坝内廊道系统3energydissipatingandanti-scourfacility 消能防冲设施3seepagecontrolfacility 防渗设施3drainagefacility 排水设施3reversefilter 反滤设施（倒滤设施）3turbine-pumpstation 水轮泵站3ramstation 水锤泵站3underdamculvert 坝下埋管4siltingbasin 沉消池4dike;levee 堤4breakwater;mole 防波堤4wharf;quay 码头4slopedwharf 斜坡码头4dolphinwharf 墩式码头4gravityquay-wall 重力式码头4sheet-pilequay-wall 板桩码头4openpieronpiles;high-pilewharf 高桩码头4floatingpier;pontoonwharf 浮（趸船）5dock 船坞5ship-buildingberth 船台5slipway 滑道6. 结构构件和部件术语member构件 component;assemblyparts 部件 section截面 beam;girder 梁 arch拱 slab;plate 板 shell 壳 column 柱 wall 墙 truss 桁架 frame 框架 bentframe 排架 rigidframe刚架（刚构） simplysupportedbeam 简支梁 cantileverbeam悬臂梁beamfixedatbothends 两端固定梁 continuousbeam 连续梁 superposedbeam 叠合梁 pile桩 sheetpile 板桩 pavement 路面 carriageway行车道 speed-changelane 变速车道 sidewalk人行道 laneseparator 分隔带 bicyclepath 自行车道 roadshoulder公路路肩 subgradesideditch路基边沟 catchditch;interceptingchannel 截水沟（天drainageditch排水沟 slopeprotection;revetment 护坡 retainingwall 挡土墙 railwaytrack 铁路轨道 rail 钢轨 sleeper轨枕 trackskeleton 轨排 bed 道床 ballast 道碴 turnout道岔railwayshuntinghump 铁路调车驼峰 continuousweldedrail无缝线路1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363734railfastening 钢轨扣件4guardrail 护轮轨4railwayshoulder 铁路路肩4wharfshoulder 码头胸墙4relievingslab 卸荷板4berthingmember 靠船构件4mooringpostbollard 系船柱4mooringring 系船环5sluicechamber 闸室5sluicegate;lockgate 闸门5sluicepier 闸墩5apron 护坦5apronextension;apron 海漫5stillingbasin 消能池（消力5rollerbucket 消能戽（消力5apron;imperviousblanket 防渗铺盖5imperviouscurtain;cut-off 防渗帷幕5sealing;seal;water-stop 止水6connection 连接6joint 节点6expansionandcontractionjoint 伸缩缝6settlementjoint 沉降缝6seismicjoint 防震缝6constructionjoint 施工缝7. 地基和基础术语1 spreadfoundation 扩展（扩大）2 rigidfoundation 刚性基础3 singlefooting 独立基础4 combinedfooting 联合基础5 stripfoundation 条形基础6 shellfoundation 壳体基础7 boxfoundation 箱形基础8 raftfoundation 筏形基础9 pilefoundation 桩基础1opencaissonfoundation 沉井基础1cylinderpilefoundation;cylindercaissonfoundation 管柱基础1caissonfoundation 沉箱基础1subgradeofhighway(railway);formation 路基1bed;bedding 基床8. 结构可靠性和设计方法术语1 reliability 可靠性2 safety 安全性3 serviceability 适用性4 durability 耐久性5 basicvariable 基本变量6 designreferenceperiod 设计基准期7 probabilityofsurvival 可靠概率8 probabilityoffailure 失效概率9 reliabilityindex 可靠指标1calibration 校准法1deterministicmethod 定值设计法1probabilisticmethod 概率设计法1permissible(allowable)stressesmethod 容许应力设计法1ultimatestrengthmethod 破坏强度设计法1limitstatesmethod 极限状态设计法1limitstates 极限状态1limitstateequation 极限状态方程1ultimatelimitstates 承载能力极限状1serviceabilitylimitstates 正常使用极限状态2partialsafetyfactor 分项系数2designsituation 设计状况2persistentsituation 持久状况2transientsituation 短暂状况2accidentalsituation 偶然状况9. 结构上的作用、作用代表值和作用效应术语1 action 作用2 load 荷载3 forceperunitlength 线分布力4 forceperunitarea 面分布力5 forceperunitvolume 体分布力6 momentofforce 力矩7 permanentaction 永久作用8 variableaction 可变作用9 accidentalaction 偶然作用1fixedaction 固定作用1freeaction 自由（可动）作用.1staticaction 静态作用1dynamicaction 动态作用1repeatedaction;cyclicaction 多次重复作用1lowfrequencycyclicaction 低周反复作用1selfweight 自重1siteload 施工荷载1earthpressure 土压力1temperatureaction 温度作用2earthquakeaction 地震作用2explosionaction 爆炸作用2windload 风荷载2windvibration 风振2snowload 雪荷载2craneload 吊车荷载2floorliveload;roofliveload 楼面、屋面活荷载2loadonbridge 桥（桥梁）荷载2deadloadonbridge 桥（桥梁）恒荷载2liveloadonbridge 桥（桥梁）活荷载3standardhighwayvehicleload 公路车辆荷载标3standardrailwayliveload 中国铁路标准活3shipload 船舶荷载3craneandvehicleload 起重运输机械荷3shipimpactforce 船舶撞击力3shipbreastingforce 船舶挤靠力3mooringforce 船舶系缆力3waterpressure 水压力3buoyantforce;floatage 浮力3upliftpressure 扬压力4wavepressure;waveforce 浪压力（波浪力）4icepressure 冰压力4siltpressure 泥沙压力4frostheaveforce;frostheavepressure 冻胀力4representativevalueofanaction 作用代表值4characteristicvalueofanaction 作用标准值4quasi-permanentvalueofanaction 作用准永久值4combinationvalueofactions 作用组合值4partialsafetyfactorforaction 作用分项系数4designvalueofanaction 作用设计值5coefficientforcombinationvalueofactions 作用组合值系数5effectsofactions 作用效应5coefficientofeffectsofactions 作用效应系数5normalforce 轴向力5shearforce 剪力5bendingmoment 弯矩5bimoment 双弯矩5torque 扭矩5stress 应力5normalstress 正应力6shearstress;tangentialstress 剪应力6principalstress 主应力6prestress 预应力6displacement 位移6deflection 挠度6deformation 变形6elasticdeformation 弹性变形6plasticdeformation 塑性变形6imposeddeformation 外加变形6restraineddeformation 约束变形7strain 应变7linearstrain 线应变7shearstrain;tangentialstrain _、r-i、一-花亠7principalstrain 主应变7combinationforactioneffects 作用效应组合7fundamentalcombinationforactioneffects 作用效应基本组7accidentalcombinationforactioneffects 作用效应偶然组7combinationforshort-termactioneffects 短期效应组合7combinationforlong-termactioneffects 长期效应组合7limitingdesignvalue 设计限值10. 材料性能、构件承载能力和材料性能代表值术语1 resistance 抗力2 strength 强度3 compressivestrength 抗压强度4 tensilestrength 抗拉强度5 shearstrength 抗剪强度6 flexuralstrength 抗弯强度7 yieldstrength 屈服强度8 fatiguestrength 疲劳强度9 ultimatestrain 极限应变1modulusofelasticity 弹性模量1shearmodulus 剪变模量1modulusofdeformation 变形模量1poissonratio 泊松比1bearingcapacity 承载能力1compressivecapacity 受压承载能力1tensilecapacity 受拉承载能力1shearcapacity 受剪承载能力1flexuralcapacity 受弯承载能力1torsionalcapacity 受扭承载能力2fatiguecapacity 疲劳承载能力2stiffness;rigidity 刚度2crackresistance 抗裂度2ultimatedeformation 极限变形2stability 稳定性2spatialbehaviour 空间工作性能2brittlefailure 脆性破坏2ductilefailure 延性破坏2partialsafetyfactorforresistance 抗力分项系数2characteristicvalueofapropertyofamaterial 材料性能标准值3partialsafetyfactorforpropertyofmaterial 材料性能分项系数3designvalueofapropertyofamaterial 材料性能设计值3normalvalueofgeometricparameter 几何参数标准值11. 几何参数和常用量程术语1 heightofsection;depthofsection 截面高度2 breadthofsection 截面宽度3 thicknessofsection 截面厚度4 diameterofsection 截面直径5 perimeterofsection 截面周长6 areaofsection 截面面积7 firstmomentofarea 截面面积矩8 secondmomentofarea;momentofinertia 截面惯性矩9 polarsecondmomentofarea;polarmomentofinertia截面极惯性矩1sectionmodulus 截面模量（抵抗矩）1radiusofgyration 截面回转半径1eccentricity 偏心矩1relativeeccentricity 偏心率1length 长度1span 跨度1rise 矢高1slendernessratio 长细比1longitudinalgradient 纵坡1superelevation 超高2sightdistance 视距2widthofsubgrade 路面宽度2widthofsubgrade 路基宽度2clearanceofhighway 公路建筑限界2gauge 轨矩2railroadclearance 铁路建筑限界2clearanceunderbridge 桥下净空2constructionheightofbridge 桥建筑高度2clearanceabovebridgefloor 桥建筑限界2clearanceoftunnel 隧道建筑限界3berth 泊位3additionaldepth;residualdepth 富余水深3wavecharacteristics;waveparameters 波浪要素3tidelevel 潮位3waterlevel 水位3designwaterlevel 设计水位3damheight 坝高3damlength 坝长3freeboard 安全超高（富余高度）3deadwaterlevel 水库死水位4normal(pool)level 水库设计（正常）蓄4designfloodlevel 水库设计洪水位4exceptionalfloodlevel 水库校长核洪水位4deadstorage 水库死（垫底）库容4usablestorage 水库兴利（有效、调节）4totalreservoirstorage 水库总库容total12. 工程结构设计常用的物理学、数理统计1 coefficientoffriction 磨擦系数2 massdensity 质量密度3 force(weight)density 重力密度4 momentofmomentum 动量矩5 dynamicmomentofinertia 转动惯量6 dynamiceffectfactor 动作用系数7 vibration 振动8 acceleration 加速度9 frequency 频率1naturalfrequency 自振（固有）1period 周期1naturalperiodofvibration 自振周期1periodicvibration 周期振动1amplitudeofvibration 振幅1degreeoffreedom 自由度1damp 阻尼1forcedvibration 强迫振动1modeofvibration 振型1resonance 共振2statisticalparameter 统计参数2meanvalue 平均值2meansquaredeviation 、-、八方差2standarddeviation 标准差2coefficientofmeanvalue 均值系数2Z-*/-*•・z-*・・变异系数2probabilitydistribution 概率分布2fractile;quantile 分位数2significancelevel 显著性水平2hydro-staticpressure 静水压强3hydro-dynamicpressure 动水压强3totalhydro-staticpressure 静水总压力3pressuregradient 压力梯度3pressurehead 压力水头3levelhead 位置水头3streamfield 流畅3streamfield 流线3velocityofflow 流速3velocityheadofflow 流速水头3totalhead 总水头4headloss 水头损失4dischargecrosssection 过水断面4wettedperimeter 湿周4hydraulicradius 水力半径4discharge;flowrate 流量4averagevelocity 平均流速4coefficientofroughness 糙率（粗糙系数）4hydraulicslope;energygradient 水力坡度（水力比降）4Reynoldsnumber 雷诺数（re）4Froudenumber 弗汝德数（fr）5waterhammer 水锤（水击）5hydraulicjump 水跃5seepageflow 渗流5coefficientofcompressibility 压缩系数5cohesion 内聚力（粘聚力）5coefficientofconsolidation 固结系数5relativedensity 相对密度5compactness 密实度5modulusofcompressibility 压缩模量5porosity 孔隙比6porosity 孔隙率（度）6liquidityindex 液性指数6plasticity 塑性指数6degreeofsaturation 渗透系数6degreeofsaturation 饱和度6degreeofconsolidation 固结度6porewaterpressure 孔隙水压力6watercontent 含水量6liquidlimit 液限6plasticlimit 塑限7angleofrepose 休止角7angleofexternalfriction 外磨擦角7angleofinternalfriction 内摩擦角7earthquake 地震7earthquakefocus 震源7earthquakeepicenter 震中7epicentraldistance 震中距7earthquakemagnitude 地震震级7earthquakeintensity 地震烈度7earthquakezone 地震区8earthquakeresponsespectrum 反应谱8staticmethod 静力法8equivalentbaseshearmethod 底部剪力法（拟静力8time-historymethod 时程分析法8modeanalysismethod 振型分解法8earthquakedynamicwaterpressure 地震动水压力地震动土压力 砂土液化86earthquakedynamicearthpressure 87liquefactionofsaturatedsoil。
土木工程专业英语重点词汇
highway construction 公路施工, layered construction层铺法施工waste deposit弃土堆fill填方cut 挖方compaction 压实degree of compaction压实度compaction test击实试验dry density干密度Moisture ( water) content 含水量roller压路机structural mechanics结构力学；structural design结构设计dead load恒载live load活载vertical force竖向力horizontal force水平力Compressive stress压应力Tensile stress拉应力Shearing force剪切力Tensile strength抗拉强度Compressive strength抗压强度Reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土Plain (unreinforced) concrete 素混凝土Prestressed concrete 预应力混凝土Pretensioning method 先张法Posttensioning method后张法Precast concrete 预制混凝土Contract: 合同，契约；Engineering Contract：工程合同contract term: 合同条款breach of contract: 违约Bidders：投标人，出价人competitive bidding竞标,公开招标lump-sum contract总价合同unit price contract单价合同contractor承包商alignment: 线形alignment design: geometric design 线形设计Horizontal alignment: 平面线形Vertical alignment：纵面线形Circular curves 圆曲线Spiral or transition curves 缓和曲线Simple curves 单曲线Compound curves 复曲线Convex curves: crest vertical curves凸曲线Concave curves: sag vertical curves 凹曲线Design speed: principal factor 设计车速superelevation超高sight distance视距Pavement: 路面，铺砌层Rrigid pavement：刚性路面Flexible pavement：柔性路面bituminous concrete pavement 沥青混凝土路面bituminous mixture 沥青混合料面层base course基层subbase底基层bed course垫层semi-rigid base 半刚性基层subgrade路基embankment 路堤cutting路堑式part cut-part fill subgrade半填半挖式joint 接缝construction joint 施工缝Longitudinal joint 纵向接缝Transverse joint 横向接缝Expansion joint 胀缝Coarse aggregate 粗集料Fine aggregate 细集料Filler 填料Chips 石屑Mineral powder 矿粉Crushed stone/ Broken stone 碎石gradation：级配grading curve：级配曲线Gap graded（间断级配）Continuously graded（连续级配）Penetration(针入度）Softening point （软化点）Penetration index（针入度指数）Brittle point （脆点）Ductility（延度）Durability （耐久性）Control of access(出入口控制）Grade separation 立体交叉Pavenment marking (路面标线）Viaduct 高架桥deck bridge 上承式桥through bridge 下承式桥Span 跨径computed span 计算跨径clear span 净跨径Short-span bridge 小跨径桥Medium-span bridge 中跨径桥Long-span bridge 大跨径桥beam (girder) bridge 梁桥Arch bridge 拱桥cable stayed bridge 斜拉桥(斜张桥) suspension bridge 悬索桥rigid frame bridge 刚构桥Bridge substructure下部结构Bridge superstructure上部结构Bearing 支座Pier 桥墩Abutment 桥台Main span：主跨Side span: 边跨Foundation 基础pile foundation桩基础预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile Skew crossing: 斜交（桥）Rectangular crossing: 正交（桥）。
土木工程专业英语词汇复习
Civil Engineering [ˈsivl ˌendʒiˈniəriŋ]土木工程Civil Engineer [ˈsɪvəl ˌɛndʒəˈnɪr] 土木工程师drainage system [ˈdrenɪdʒˈsɪstəm] 排水系统Building and Architecture [ˈbɪldɪŋ,əndˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r)] 建筑学Blank wall [blæŋk wɔ:l] 挡墙，无窗墙Gothic cathedral ['ɡɒθɪk,kəˈθi:drəl] 哥特式大教堂Plumbing system [ˈplʌmɪŋˈsistəm]卫生设备系统B ear ing wall [ˈbɛrɪŋ wɔl] 承重墙Curtain wall [ˈkɚtn wɔl] 悬墙，幕墙Framework [ˈfreɪmwɜ:k]构架，框架，结构Partition [pɑ:'tɪʃn]隔板，隔墙High-rise building [ˈhaɪˈraɪzˈbɪldɪŋ ] 高层建筑Concrete formwork [kɑnˈkrit,'fɔ:mwɜ:k] 混凝土模板Reinforced concrete [ˌri:ɪnˈfɔ:st,kɑnˈkrit]钢筋混凝土Shear wall [ʃiə wɔ:l] 剪力墙Column [ˈkɔləm]柱，支柱，圆柱Stress [stres]压力，应力Truss [trʌs]构架，桁架Spandrel beam [ˈspændrəl bim] 窗下墙的墙托梁Aqueduct ['ækwɪdʌkt沟渠，引水桥Abutment [ə'bʌtmənt]桥墩，桥台，拱座Corbel arch [ˈkɔ:bəl ɑ:tʃ]突拱Intermediate pier [ˌɪntəˈmi:djət piə]中间桥墩Durability [ˌdjʊrəˈbɪlətɪ]耐久性，耐久力Cofferdam ['kɒfədæm]围堰，沉箱Preliminary design [priˈliminəri diˈzain]初步设计Tensile strength [ˈtensəl streŋθ]抗拉强度，拉伸强度Yield strength [ji:ld streŋθ]屈服强度Suspension bridge [səˈspɛnʃən brɪdʒ]吊桥，悬索桥Coastline [ˈkəʊstlaɪn]海岸线Compressed air [kəmˈprest eə(r)]压缩空气Maritime engineering [ˈmæritaim ˌendʒiˈniəriŋ]海事工程学Triumphal arch [traɪˈʌmfəl ɑ:tʃ]凯旋门Permeability [ˌpɜ:mɪə'bɪlətɪ]渗透性，透水性Surface-active agent [ˈsə:fis ˈæktiv ˈeidʒənt]表面活性剂Water-to-cement ratio ['reɪʃɪəʊ]水灰比Embankment dam [ɪmˈbæŋkmənt dæm]堤坝Catchbasin [kætʃˈbesɪn]汇水沟，截水沟Public utilities [ˈpʌblɪk,ju:'tɪlɪtɪz]]公共事业，公共设施Calcium chloride [ˈkælsiəm ˈklɔ:raid]氯化钙Guard rail [ɡɑ:d reil]护栏，护轨One-way street [ˈwʌnˈweɪ stri:t]单行线，单行道Through street [θru: stri:t]直通大街Corridor [ˈkɒrɪdɔ:(r)]走廊，通道，过道Two-dimensional [ˈtu:dɪˈmenʃənəl, -daɪ-]两维的，平面的Self-contained [ˌsɛlfkənˈtend]设备齐全的，成套的Pilot tunnel [ˈpailət ˈtʌnəl]隧道导洞Sunken-tube tunnel [ˈsʌŋkən tju:b ˈtʌnəl]沉管隧道Cut-and over 随挖随填Circular shield [ˈsɜ:kjələ(r) [ʃi:ld]盾构机Internal friction [inˈtə:nəl ˈfrikʃən]内摩擦力Cohesion [kəʊˈhi:ʒn]粘聚力Compressibility [kəmˌpresɪ'bɪlɪtɪ]可压缩性，压缩系数，压缩率Elasticity [ˌi:læˈstɪsəti]弹性模量Capillarity [ˌkæpɪ'lærɪtɪ]毛细性Consolodation [kən,sɒlɪ'deɪʃən]固结Heterogeneity [ˌhetərə'dʒə'ni:ətɪ]多相性，异质性Friction [ˈfrɪkʃən]阻力，摩擦力Flexible [ˈflɛksəbəl]柔韧的，有弹性的Anchor ['æŋkə(r)]锚固，锚杆，锚索Retaining wall [rɪˈteɪnɪŋ wɔ:l]挡土墙Mat foundation [mæt faʊnˈdeʃən]板式基础Slab foundation [slæb faʊnˈdeʃən]平板基础Plain concrete [plein ˈkɔnkri:t]素混凝土Admixture [ədˈmɪkstʃə(r)]掺合料，掺合剂，混合物Subside [səb'saɪd]沉降，下沉Grout [ɡraʊt]水泥浆，灌浆Sump [sʌmp]积水井，积水坑，污水坑Footing [ˈfʊtɪŋ]基础，基脚，底座Substructure [ˈsʌbstrʌktʃə(r)]下部基础Rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd]刚性的Geotechnical engineering [dʒi:əu'teknikəlˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ]岩土工程Bridge and Tunnel engineering [brɪdʒ,ændˈtʌnəlˌendʒɪˈnɪərɪŋ]桥梁与隧道工程Underground engineering [ˈʌndəɡraund ˌendʒiˈniəriŋ]地下建筑工程Road engineering [rəʊd ˌɛndʒəˈnɪrɪŋ]道路工程。
土木工程专业英语词汇
挡土墙挡土墙retaining wall挡土墙挡土墙排水设施挡土墙挡土墙稳定性stability of retaining wall挡土墙垛式挡土墙挡土墙扶垛式挡土墙counterfort retaining wall挡土墙后垛墙（台）counterfort retaining wall挡土墙基础墙foundation wall挡土墙加筋土挡墙reinforced earth bulkhead挡土墙锚定板挡土墙anchored plate retaining wall挡土墙锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall挡土墙锚杆式挡土墙anchor rod retaining wall挡土墙悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall挡土墙悬壁式挡土墙cantilever sheet pile wall挡土墙重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall板桩结构物板桩sheet pile板桩结构物板桩结构sheet pile structure板桩结构物钢板桩steel sheet pile板桩结构物钢筋混凝土板桩reinforced concrete sheet pile板桩结构物钢桩steel pile板桩结构物灌注桩cast-in-place pile板桩结构物拉杆tie rod板桩结构物锚定式板桩墙anchored sheet pile wall板桩结构物锚固技术anchoring板桩结构物锚座Anchorage板桩结构物木板桩wooden sheet pile板桩结构物木桩timber piles板桩结构物悬壁式板桩墙cantilever sheet pile wall基坑开挖与降水板桩围护sheet pile-braced cuts基坑开挖与降水电渗法electro-osmotic drainage基坑开挖与降水管涌piping基坑开挖与降水基底隆起heave of base基坑开挖与降水基坑降水dewatering基坑开挖与降水基坑失稳instability (failure) of foundation pit基坑开挖与降水基坑围护bracing of foundation pit基坑开挖与降水减压井relief well基坑开挖与降水降低地下水位法dewatering method基坑开挖与降水井点系统well point system基坑开挖与降水喷射井点eductor well point基坑开挖与降水铅直边坡的临界高度critical height of vertical slope 基坑开挖与降水砂沸sand boiling基坑开挖与降水深井点deep well point基坑开挖与降水真空井点vacuum well point基坑开挖与降水支撑围护braced cuts浅基础杯形基础浅基础补偿性基础compensated foundation浅基础持力层bearing stratum浅基础次层（台）substratum浅基础单独基础individual footing浅基础倒梁法inverted beam method浅基础刚性角pressure distribution angle of masonary foundation浅基础刚性基础rigid foundation浅基础高杯口基础浅基础基础埋置深度embeded depth of foundation浅基础基床系数coefficient of subgrade reaction浅基础基底附加应力net foundation pressure浅基础交叉条形基础cross strip footing浅基础接触压力contact pressure浅基础静定分析法（浅基础）static analysis (shallow foundation)浅基础壳体基础shell foundation浅基础扩展基础spread footing浅基础片筏基础mat foundation浅基础浅基础shallow foundation浅基础墙下条形基础浅基础热摩奇金法Zemochkin s method浅基础柔性基础flexible foundation浅基础上部结构－基础－土共同作用分析structure- foundation-soil interactionanalysis 浅基础谈弹性地基梁（板）分析analysis of beams and slabs on elastic foundation浅基础条形基础strip footing浅基础下卧层substratum浅基础箱形基础box foundation浅基础柱下条形基础深基础贝诺托灌注桩Benoto cast-in-place pile深基础波动方程分析Wave equation analysis深基础场铸桩（台)cast-in-place pile深基础沉管灌注桩diving casting cast-in-place pile深基础沉井基础open-end caisson foundation深基础沉箱基础box caisson foundation深基础成孔灌注同步桩synchronous pile深基础承台pile caps深基础充盈系数fullness coefficient深基础单桩承载力bearing capacity of single pile深基础单桩横向极限承载力ultimate lateral resistance of single pile深基础单桩竖向抗拔极限承载力vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile深基础单桩竖向抗压容许承载力vertical ultimate carrying capacity of single pile深基础单桩竖向抗压极限承载力vertical allowable load capacity of single pile深基础低桩承台low pile cap深基础地下连续墙diaphgram wall深基础点承桩（台）end-bearing pile深基础动力打桩公式dynamic pile driving formula深基础端承桩end-bearing pile深基础法兰基灌注桩Franki pile深基础负摩擦力negative skin friction of pile深基础钢筋混凝土预制桩precast reinforced concrete piles深基础钢桩steel pile深基础高桩承台high-rise pile cap深基础灌注桩cast-in-place pile深基础横向载荷桩laterally loaded vertical piles深基础护壁泥浆slurry coat method深基础回转钻孔灌注桩rotatory boring cast-in-place pile深基础机挖异形灌注桩深基础静力压桩silent piling深基础抗拔桩uplift pile深基础抗滑桩anti-slide pile深基础摩擦桩friction pile深基础木桩timber piles深基础嵌岩灌注桩piles set into rock深基础群桩pile groups深基础群桩效率系数efficiency factor of pile groups深基础群桩效应efficiency of pile groups深基础群桩竖向极限承载力vertical ultimate load capacity of pile groups 深基础深基础deep foundation深基础竖直群桩横向极限承载力深基础无桩靴夯扩灌注桩rammed bulb ile深基础旋转挤压灌注桩深基础桩piles深基础桩基动测技术dynamic pile test深基础钻孔墩基础drilled-pier foundation深基础钻孔扩底灌注桩under-reamed bored pile深基础钻孔压注桩starsol enbesol pile深基础最后贯入度final set地基处理表层压密法surface compaction地基处理超载预压surcharge preloading地基处理袋装砂井sand wick地基处理地工织物geofabric, geotextile地基处理地基处理ground treatment, foundation treatment地基处理电动化学灌浆electrochemical grouting地基处理电渗法electro-osmotic drainage地基处理顶升纠偏法地基处理定喷directional jet grouting地基处理冻土地基处理frozen foundation improvement地基处理短桩处理treatment with short pile地基处理堆载预压法preloading地基处理粉体喷射深层搅拌法powder deep mixing method地基处理复合地基composite foundation地基处理干振成孔灌注桩vibratory bored pile地基处理高压喷射注浆法jet grounting地基处理灌浆材料injection material地基处理灌浆法grouting地基处理硅化法silicification地基处理夯实桩compacting pile地基处理化学灌浆chemical grouting地基处理换填法cushion地基处理灰土桩lime soil pile地基处理基础加压纠偏法地基处理挤密灌浆compaction grouting地基处理挤密桩compaction pile, compacted column地基处理挤淤法displacement method地基处理加筋法reinforcement method地基处理加筋土reinforced earth地基处理碱液法soda solution grouting地基处理浆液深层搅拌法grout deep mixing method地基处理降低地下水位法dewatering method地基处理纠偏技术地基处理坑式托换pit underpinning地基处理冷热处理法freezing and heating地基处理锚固技术anchoring地基处理锚杆静压桩托换anchor pile underpinning地基处理排水固结法consolidation地基处理膨胀土地基处理expansive foundation treatment地基处理劈裂灌浆fracture grouting地基处理浅层处理shallow treatment地基处理强夯法dynamic compaction地基处理人工地基artificial foundation地基处理容许灌浆压力allowable grouting pressure地基处理褥垫pillow地基处理软土地基soft clay ground地基处理砂井sand drain地基处理砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 地基处理砂桩sand column地基处理山区地基处理foundation treatment in mountain area地基处理深层搅拌法deep mixing method地基处理渗入性灌浆seep-in grouting地基处理湿陷性黄土地基处理collapsible loess treatment地基处理石灰系深层搅拌法lime deep mixing method地基处理石灰桩lime column, limepile地基处理树根桩root pile地基处理水泥土水泥掺合比cement mixing ratio地基处理水泥系深层搅拌法cement deep mixing method地基处理水平旋喷horizontal jet grouting地基处理塑料排水带plastic drain地基处理碎石桩gravel pile, stone pillar地基处理掏土纠偏法地基处理天然地基natural foundation地基处理土工聚合物Geopolymer地基处理土工织物geofabric, geotextile地基处理土桩earth pile地基处理托换技术underpinning technique地基处理外掺剂additive地基处理旋喷jet grouting地基处理药液灌浆chemical grouting地基处理预浸水法presoaking地基处理预压法preloading地基处理真空预压vacuum preloading地基处理振冲法vibroflotation method地基处理振冲密实法vibro-compaction地基处理振冲碎石桩vibro replacement stone column地基处理振冲置换法vibro-replacement地基处理振密、挤密法vibro-densification, compacting地基处理置换率（复合地基）replacement ratio地基处理重锤夯实法tamping地基处理桩式托换pile underpinning地基处理桩土应力比stress ratio动力机器基础比阻尼容量specific gravity capacity动力机器基础等效集总参数法constant strain rate consolidation test动力机器基础地基固有周期natural period of soil site动力机器基础动基床反力法dynamic subgrade reaction method动力机器基础动力放大因素dynamic magnification factor动力机器基础隔振isolation动力机器基础基础振动foundation vibration动力机器基础基础振动半空间理论elastic half-space theory of foundation vibration 动力机器基础基础振动容许振幅allowable amplitude of foundation vibration动力机器基础基础自振频率natural frequency of foundation动力机器基础集总参数法lumped parameter method动力机器基础吸收系数absorption coefficient动力机器基础质量－弹簧－阻尼器系统mass-spring-dushpot system地基基础抗震地基固有周期natural period of soil site地基基础抗震地震earthquake, seism, temblor地基基础抗震地震持续时间duration of earthquake地基基础抗震地震等效均匀剪应力equivalent even shear stress of earthquake地基基础抗震地震反应谱earthquake response spectrum地基基础抗震地震烈度earthquake intensity地基基础抗震地震震级earthquake magnitude地基基础抗震地震卓越周期seismic predominant period地基基础抗震地震最大加速度maximum acceleration of earthquake地基基础抗震动力放大因数dynamic magnification factor地基基础抗震对数递减率logrithmic decrement地基基础抗震刚性系数coefficient of rigidity地基基础抗震吸收系数absorption coefficient室内土工试验比重试验specific gravity test室内土工试验变水头渗透试验falling head permeability test室内土工试验不固结不排水试验unconsolidated-undrained triaxial test室内土工试验常规固结试验routine consolidation test室内土工试验常水头渗透试验constant head permeability test室内土工试验单剪仪simple shear apparatus室内土工试验单轴拉伸试验uniaxial tensile test室内土工试验等速加荷固结试验constant loading rate consolidatin test室内土工试验等梯度固结试验constant gradient consolidation test室内土工试验等应变速率固结试验equivalent lumped parameter method室内土工试验反复直剪强度试验repeated direct shear test室内土工试验反压饱和法back pressure saturation method室内土工试验高压固结试验high pressure consolidation test室内土工试验各向不等压固结不排水试验consoidated anisotropically undrained test 室内土工试验各向不等压固结排水试验consolidated anisotropically drained test室内土工试验共振柱试验resonant column test室内土工试验固结不排水试验consolidated undrained triaxial test室内土工试验固结快剪试验consolidated quick direct shear test室内土工试验固结排水试验consolidated drained triaxial test室内土工试验固结试验consolidation test室内土工试验含水量试验water content test室内土工试验环剪试验ring shear test室内土工试验黄土湿陷试验loess collapsibility test室内土工试验击实试验室内土工试验界限含水量试验Atterberg limits test室内土工试验卡萨格兰德法Casagrande s method室内土工试验颗粒分析试验grain size analysis test室内土工试验孔隙水压力消散试验pore pressure dissipation test室内土工试验快剪试验quick direct shear test室内土工试验快速固结试验fast consolidation test室内土工试验离心模型试验centrifugal model test室内土工试验连续加荷固结试验continual loading test室内土工试验慢剪试验consolidated drained direct shear test室内土工试验毛细管上升高度试验capillary rise test室内土工试验密度试验density test室内土工试验扭剪仪torsion shear apparatus室内土工试验膨胀率试验swelling rate test室内土工试验平面应变仪plane strain apparatus室内土工试验三轴伸长试验triaxial extension test室内土工试验三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test室内土工试验砂的相对密实度试验sand relative density test室内土工试验筛分析sieve analysis室内土工试验渗透试验permeability test室内土工试验湿化试验slaking test室内土工试验收缩试验shrinkage test室内土工试验塑限试验plastic limit test室内土工试验缩限试验shrinkage limit test室内土工试验土工模型试验geotechnical model test室内土工试验土工织物试验geotextile test室内土工试验无侧限抗压强度试验unconfined compression strength test室内土工试验无粘性土天然坡角试验angle of repose of cohesionless soils test室内土工试验压密不排水三轴压缩试验consolidated undrained triaxial compression test 室内土工试验压密排水三轴压缩试验consolidated drained triaxial compressure test室内土工试验压密试验consolidation test室内土工试验液塑限联合测定法liquid-plastic limit combined method室内土工试验液限试验liquid limit test室内土工试验应变控制式三轴压缩仪strain control triaxial compression apparatus室内土工试验应力控制式三轴压缩仪stress control triaxial compression apparatus室内土工试验有机质含量试验organic matter content test室内土工试验真三轴仪true triaxial apparatus室内土工试验振动单剪试验dynamic simple shear test室内土工试验直剪仪direct shear apparatus室内土工试验直接剪切试验direct shear test室内土工试验直接单剪试验direct simple shear test室内土工试验自振柱试验free vibration column test室内土工试验K0固结不排水试验K0 consolidated undrained test室内土工试验K0固结排水试验K0 consolidated drained test原位测试标准贯入试验standard penetration test原位测试表面波试验surface wave test原位测试超声波试验ultrasonic wave test原位测试承载比试验Califonia Bearing Ratio Test原位测试单桩横向载荷试验lateral load test of pile原位测试单桩竖向静载荷试验static load test of pile原位测试动力触探试验dynamic penetration test原位测试静力触探试验static cone penetration test原位测试静力载荷试验plate loading test原位测试跨孔试验cross-hole test原位测试块体共振试验block resonant test原位测试螺旋板载荷试验screw plate test原位测试旁压试验pressurementer test原位测试轻便触探试验light sounding test原位测试深层沉降观测deep settlement measurement原位测试十字板剪切试验vane shear test原位测试无损检测nondestructive testing原位测试下孔法试验down-hole test原位测试现场渗透试验field permeability test原位测试原位孔隙水压力量测in situ pore water pressure measurement 原位测试原位试验in-situ soil test原位测试最后贯入度final set综合类大地工程geotechnical engineering综合类反分析法back analysis method综合类基础工程foundation engineering综合类临界状态土力学critical state soil mechanics综合类数值岩土力学numerical geomechanics综合类土soil, earth综合类土动力学soil dynamics综合类土力学soil mechanics综合类岩土工程geotechnical engineering综合类应力路径stress path综合类应力路径法stress path method工程地质及勘察变质岩metamorphic rock工程地质及勘察标准冻深standard frost penetration工程地质及勘察冰川沉积glacial deposit工程地质及勘察冰积层（台）glacial deposit工程地质及勘察残积土eluvial soil, residual soil工程地质及勘察层理beding工程地质及勘察长石feldspar工程地质及勘察沉积岩sedimentary rock工程地质及勘察承压水confined water工程地质及勘察次生矿物secondary mineral工程地质及勘察地质年代geological age工程地质及勘察地质图geological map工程地质及勘察地下水groundwater工程地质及勘察断层fault工程地质及勘察断裂构造fracture structure工程地质及勘察工程地质勘察engineering geological exploration工程地质及勘察海积层（台）marine deposit工程地质及勘察海相沉积marine deposit工程地质及勘察花岗岩granite工程地质及勘察滑坡landslide工程地质及勘察化石fossil工程地质及勘察化学沉积岩chemical sedimentary rock工程地质及勘察阶地terrace工程地质及勘察节理joint工程地质及勘察解理cleavage工程地质及勘察喀斯特karst工程地质及勘察矿物硬度hardness of minerals工程地质及勘察砾岩conglomerate工程地质及勘察流滑flow slide工程地质及勘察陆相沉积continental sedimentation工程地质及勘察泥石流mud flow, debris flow工程地质及勘察年粘土矿物clay minerals工程地质及勘察凝灰岩tuff工程地质及勘察牛轭湖ox-bow lake工程地质及勘察浅成岩hypabyssal rock工程地质及勘察潜水ground water工程地质及勘察侵入岩intrusive rock工程地质及勘察取土器geotome工程地质及勘察砂岩sandstone工程地质及勘察砂嘴spit, sand spit工程地质及勘察山岩压力rock pressure工程地质及勘察深成岩plutionic rock工程地质及勘察石灰岩limestone工程地质及勘察石英quartz工程地质及勘察松散堆积物rickle工程地质及勘察围限地下水（台）confined ground water 工程地质及勘察泻湖lagoon工程地质及勘察岩爆rock burst工程地质及勘察岩层产状attitude of rock工程地质及勘察岩浆岩magmatic rock, igneous rock工程地质及勘察岩脉dike, dgke工程地质及勘察岩石风化程度degree of rock weathering 工程地质及勘察岩石构造structure of rock工程地质及勘察岩石结构texture of rock工程地质及勘察岩体rock mass工程地质及勘察页岩shale工程地质及勘察原生矿物primary mineral工程地质及勘察云母mica工程地质及勘察造岩矿物rock-forming mineral工程地质及勘察褶皱fold, folding工程地质及勘察钻孔柱状图bore hole columnar section 土的分类饱和土saturated soil土的分类超固结土overconsolidated soil土的分类冲填土dredger fill土的分类充重塑土土的分类冻土frozen soil, tjaele土的分类非饱和土unsaturated soil土的分类分散性土dispersive soil土的分类粉土silt, mo土的分类粉质粘土silty clay土的分类高岭石kaolinite土的分类过压密土（台）overconsolidated soil土的分类红粘土red clay, adamic earth土的分类黄土loess, huangtu(China)土的分类蒙脱石montmorillonite土的分类泥炭peat, bog muck土的分类年粘土clay土的分类年粘性土cohesive soil, clayey soil土的分类膨胀土expansive soil, swelling soil土的分类欠固结粘土underconsolidated soil土的分类区域性土zonal soil土的分类人工填土fill, artificial soil土的分类软粘土soft clay, mildclay, mickle土的分类砂土sand土的分类湿陷性黄土collapsible loess, slumping loess土的分类素填土plain fill土的分类塑性图plasticity chart土的分类碎石土stone, break stone, broken stone, channery, chat, crushed stone, deritus 土的分类未压密土（台）underconsolidated clay土的分类无粘性土cohesionless soil, frictional soil, non-cohesive soil土的分类岩石rock土的分类伊利土illite土的分类有机质土organic soil土的分类淤泥muck, gyttja, mire, slush土的分类淤泥质土mucky soil土的分类原状土undisturbed soil土的分类杂填土miscellaneous fill土的分类正常固结土normally consolidated soil土的分类正常压密土（台）normally consolidated soil土的分类自重湿陷性黄土self weight collapse loess土的物理性质阿太堡界限Atterberg limits土的物理性质饱和度degree of saturation土的物理性质饱和密度saturated density土的物理性质饱和重度saturated unit weight土的物理性质比重specific gravity土的物理性质稠度consistency土的物理性质不均匀系数coefficient of uniformity, uniformity coefficient土的物理性质触变thixotropy土的物理性质单粒结构single-grained structure土的物理性质蜂窝结构honeycomb structure土的物理性质干重度dry unit weight土的物理性质干密度dry density土的物理性质塑性指数plasticity index土的物理性质含水量water content, moisture content土的物理性质活性指数土的物理性质级配gradation, grading土的物理性质结合水bound water, combined water, held water土的物理性质界限含水量Atterberg limits土的物理性质颗粒级配particle size distribution of soils, mechanical composition of soil土的物理性质可塑性plasticity土的物理性质孔隙比void ratio土的物理性质孔隙率porosity土的物理性质粒度granularity, grainness, grainage土的物理性质粒组fraction, size fraction土的物理性质毛细管水capillary water土的物理性质密度density土的物理性质密实度compactionness土的物理性质年粘性土的灵敏度sensitivity of cohesive soil土的物理性质平均粒径mean diameter, average grain diameter土的物理性质曲率系数coefficient of curvature土的物理性质三相图block diagram, skeletal diagram, three phase diagram土的物理性质三相土tri-phase soil土的物理性质湿陷起始应力initial collapse pressure土的物理性质湿陷系数coefficient of collapsibility土的物理性质缩限shrinkage limit土的物理性质土的构造soil texture土的物理性质土的结构soil structure土的物理性质土粒相对密度specific density of solid particles土的物理性质土中气air in soil土的物理性质土中水water in soil土的物理性质团粒aggregate, cumularpharolith土的物理性质限定粒径constrained diameter土的物理性质相对密度relative density, density index土的物理性质相对压密度relative compaction, compacting factor, percent compaction, coefficient of compaction土的物理性质絮状结构flocculent structure土的物理性质压密系数coefficient of consolidation土的物理性质压缩性compressibility土的物理性质液限liquid limit土的物理性质液性指数liquidity index土的物理性质游离水（台）free water土的物理性质有效粒径effective diameter, effective grain size, effective size土的物理性质有效密度effective density土的物理性质有效重度effective unit weight土的物理性质重力密度unit weight土的物理性质自由水free water, gravitational water, groundwater, phreatic water土的物理性质组构fabric土的物理性质最大干密度maximum dry density土的物理性质最优含水量optimum water content渗透性和渗流达西定律Darcy s law渗透性和渗流管涌piping渗透性和渗流浸润线phreatic line渗透性和渗流临界水力梯度critical hydraulic gradient渗透性和渗流流函数flow function渗透性和渗流流土flowing soil渗透性和渗流流网flow net渗透性和渗流砂沸sand boiling渗透性和渗流渗流seepage渗透性和渗流渗流量seepage discharge渗透性和渗流渗流速度seepage velocity渗透性和渗流渗透力seepage force渗透性和渗流渗透破坏seepage failure渗透性和渗流渗透系数coefficient of permeability渗透性和渗流渗透性permeability渗透性和渗流势函数potential function渗透性和渗流水力梯度hydraulic gradient地基应力和变形变形deformation地基应力和变形变形模量modulus of deformation地基应力和变形泊松比Poisson s ratio地基应力和变形布西涅斯克解Boussinnesq s solution地基应力和变形残余变形residual deformation地基应力和变形残余孔隙水压力residual pore water pressure地基应力和变形超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure地基应力和变形沉降settlement地基应力和变形沉降比settlement ratio地基应力和变形次固结沉降secondary consolidation settlement地基应力和变形次固结系数coefficient of secondary consolidation地基应力和变形地基沉降的弹性力学公式elastic formula for settlement calculation 地基应力和变形分层总和法layerwise summation method地基应力和变形负孔隙水压力negative pore water pressure地基应力和变形附加应力superimposed stress地基应力和变形割线模量secant modulus地基应力和变形固结沉降consolidation settlement地基应力和变形规范沉降计算法settlement calculation by specification地基应力和变形回弹变形rebound deformation地基应力和变形回弹模量modulus of resilience地基应力和变形回弹系数coefficient of resilience地基应力和变形回弹指数swelling index地基应力和变形建筑物的地基变形允许值allowable settlement of building地基应力和变形剪胀dilatation地基应力和变形角点法corner-points method地基应力和变形孔隙气压力pore air pressure地基应力和变形孔隙水压力pore water pressure地基应力和变形孔隙压力系数Apore pressure parameter A地基应力和变形孔隙压力系数Bpore pressure parameter B地基应力和变形明德林解Mindlin s solution地基应力和变形纽马克感应图Newmark chart地基应力和变形切线模量tangent modulus地基应力和变形蠕变creep地基应力和变形三向变形条件下的固结沉降three-dimensional consolidation settlement 地基应力和变形瞬时沉降immediate settlement地基应力和变形塑性变形plastic deformation地基应力和变形谈弹性变形elastic deformation地基应力和变形谈弹性模量elastic modulus地基应力和变形谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium地基应力和变形体积变形模量volumetric deformation modulus地基应力和变形先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure地基应力和变形压缩层地基应力和变形压缩模量modulus of compressibility地基应力和变形压缩系数coefficient of compressibility地基应力和变形压缩性compressibility地基应力和变形压缩指数compression index地基应力和变形有效应力effective stress地基应力和变形自重应力self-weight stress地基应力和变形总应力total stress approach of shear strength地基应力和变形最终沉降final settlement固结巴隆固结理论Barron s consolidation theory固结比奥固结理论Biot s consolidation theory固结超固结比over-consolidation ratio固结超静孔隙水压力excess pore water pressure固结次固结secondary consolidation固结次压缩（台）secondary consolidatin固结单向度压密（台）one-dimensional consolidation固结多维固结multi-dimensional consolidation固结固结consolidation固结固结度degree of consolidation固结固结理论theory of consolidation固结固结曲线consolidation curve固结固结速率rate of consolidation固结固结系数coefficient of consolidation固结固结压力consolidation pressure固结回弹曲线rebound curve固结井径比drain spacing ratio固结井阻well resistance固结曼代尔－克雷尔效应Mandel-Cryer effect固结潜变（台）creep固结砂井sand drain固结砂井地基平均固结度average degree of consolidation of sand-drained ground 固结时间对数拟合法logrithm of time fitting method固结时间因子time factor固结太沙基固结理论Terzaghi s consolidation theory固结太沙基－伦杜列克扩散方程Terzaghi-Rendulic diffusion equation固结先期固结压力preconsolidation pressure固结压密（台）consolidation固结压密度（台）degree of consolidation固结压缩曲线cpmpression curve固结一维固结one dimensional consolidation固结有效应力原理principle of effective stress固结预压密压力（台）preconsolidation pressure固结原始压缩曲线virgin compression curve固结再压缩曲线recompression curve固结主固结primary consolidation固结主压密（台）primary consolidation固结准固结压力pseudo-consolidation pressure固结K0固结consolidation under K0 condition抗剪强度安息角（台）angle of repose抗剪强度不排水抗剪强度undrained shear strength抗剪强度残余内摩擦角residual angle of internal friction抗剪强度残余强度residual strength抗剪强度长期强度long-term strength抗剪强度单轴抗拉强度uniaxial tension test抗剪强度动强度dynamic strength of soils抗剪强度峰值强度peak strength抗剪强度伏斯列夫参数Hvorslev parameter抗剪强度剪切应变速率shear strain rate抗剪强度抗剪强度shear strength抗剪强度抗剪强度参数shear strength parameter抗剪强度抗剪强度有效应力法effective stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度抗剪强度总应力法total stress approach of shear strength抗剪强度库仑方程Coulomb s equation抗剪强度摩尔包线Mohr s envelope抗剪强度摩尔－库仑理论Mohr-Coulomb theory抗剪强度内摩擦角angle of internal friction抗剪强度年粘聚力cohesion抗剪强度破裂角angle of rupture抗剪强度破坏准则failure criterion抗剪强度十字板抗剪强度vane strength抗剪强度无侧限抗压强度unconfined compression strength抗剪强度有效内摩擦角effective angle of internal friction抗剪强度有效粘聚力effective cohesion intercept抗剪强度有效应力破坏包线effective stress failure envelope抗剪强度有效应力强度参数effective stress strength parameter抗剪强度有效应力原理principle of effective stress抗剪强度真内摩擦角true angle internal friction抗剪强度真粘聚力true cohesion抗剪强度总应力破坏包线total stress failure envelope抗剪强度总应力强度参数total stress strength parameter本构模型本构模型constitutive model本构模型边界面模型boundary surface model本构模型层向各向同性体模型cross anisotropic model本构模型超弹性模型hyperelastic model本构模型德鲁克－普拉格准则Drucker-Prager criterion本构模型邓肯－张模型Duncan-Chang model本构模型动剪切强度本构模型非线性弹性模量nonlinear elastic model本构模型盖帽模型cap model本构模型刚塑性模型rigid plastic model本构模型割线模量secant modulus本构模型广义冯·米赛斯屈服准则extended von Mises yield criterion本构模型广义特雷斯卡屈服准则extended tresca yield criterion本构模型加工软化work softening本构模型加工硬化work hardening本构模型加工硬化定律strain harding law本构模型剑桥模型Cambridge model本构模型柯西弹性模型Cauchy elastic model本构模型拉特－邓肯模型Lade-Duncan model本构模型拉特屈服准则Lade yield criterion本构模型理想弹塑性模型ideal elastoplastic model本构模型临界状态弹塑性模型critical state elastoplastic model本构模型流变学模型rheological model本构模型流动规则flow rule本构模型摩尔－库仑屈服准则Mohr-Coulomb yield criterion本构模型内蕴时间塑性模型endochronic plastic model本构模型内蕴时间塑性理论endochronic theory本构模型年粘弹性模型viscoelastic model本构模型切线模量tangent modulus本构模型清华弹塑性模型Tsinghua elastoplastic model本构模型屈服面yield surface本构模型沈珠江三重屈服面模型Shen Zhujiang three yield surface method 本构模型双参数地基模型本构模型双剪应力屈服模型twin shear stress yield criterion本构模型双曲线模型hyperbolic model本构模型松岗元－中井屈服准则Matsuoka-Nakai yield criterion本构模型塑性形变理论本构模型谈弹塑性模量矩阵elastoplastic modulus matrix本构模型谈弹塑性模型elastoplastic modulus本构模型谈弹塑性增量理论incremental elastoplastic theory本构模型谈弹性半空间地基模型elastic half-space foundation model本构模型谈弹性变形elastic deformation本构模型谈弹性模量elastic modulus本构模型谈弹性模型elastic model本构模型魏汝龙－Khosla－Wu模型Wei Rulong-Khosla-Wu model本构模型文克尔地基模型Winkler foundation model本构模型修正剑桥模型modified cambridge model本构模型准弹性模型hypoelastic model地基承载力冲剪破坏punching shear failure地基承载力次层（台）substratum地基承载力地基subgrade, ground, foundation soil地基承载力地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation soil地基承载力地基极限承载力ultimate bearing capacity of foundation soil地基承载力地基允许承载力allowable bearing capacity of foundation soil地基承载力地基稳定性stability of foundation soil地基承载力汉森地基承载力公式Hansen s ultimate bearing capacity formula地基承载力极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium地基承载力加州承载比（美国）California Bearing Ratio地基承载力局部剪切破坏local shear failure地基承载力临塑荷载critical edge pressure地基承载力梅耶霍夫极限承载力公式Meyerhof s ultimate bearing capacity formula 地基承载力普朗特承载力理论Prandel bearing capacity theory地基承载力斯肯普顿极限承载力公式Skempton s ultimate bearing capacity formula 地基承载力太沙基承载力理论Terzaghi bearing capacity theory地基承载力魏锡克极限承载力公式Vesic s ultimate bearing capacity formula地基承载力整体剪切破坏general shear failure土压力被动土压力passive earth pressure土压力被动土压力系数coefficient of passive earth pressure土压力极限平衡状态state of limit equilibrium土压力静止土压力earth pressue at rest土压力静止土压力系数coefficient of earth pressur at rest土压力库仑土压力理论Coulomb s earth pressure theory土压力库尔曼图解法Culmannn construction土压力朗肯土压力理论Rankine s earth pressure theory土压力朗肯状态Rankine state土压力谈弹性平衡状态state of elastic equilibrium土压力土压力earth pressure土压力主动土压力active earth pressure土压力主动土压力系数coefficient of active earth pressure。
土木工程专业英语词汇
1. 4 parts of gravel四份砾石2. a 28-day curing period28天养护期3. a batch of concrete 一个批量混凝土4. a high-cost material成本要高很多5. a minimum amount of reinforcement最少数量的钢筋6. a moderate amount of concrete cover厚度适当的混凝土保护层7. a moderate amount of cracking 适度开裂8. a plastic mass 可塑性物质9. a sack of cement一袋水泥10.abutment桥台11.acceptable value要求的范围内12.accidental action 偶然作用13.act jointly 共同工作14.action作用15.Additional features 其它特性16.additional stresses 附加应力17.after it has been placed使混凝土灌注之后18.air jack compressor气压千斤顶压缩机19.allowable value of crack width裂缝宽度容许值20.an excessive amount of water 过量的水21.an excessive number of voids过多的孔隙22.anisotropic 各向异性的23.appearance外观24.appraisal预测25.approach引道26.apron裙板27.Arch Bridge 拱桥28.Arch bridge拱桥29.are counteracted to a desired degree抵消到所要求的水平30.are located close to the tension face配置在靠近受拉面处31.As a general rule按常规32.as the concrete sets随着混凝土的硬化33.at high temperatures在高温时34.At one time the instructions for preparinga batch of concrete 有一个时期备混凝土配料的规定35.Axial force轴力36.axisymmetric 轴对称的37.bare steel bars 裸露的钢筋38.Base plate底盘39.bearing支座40.bend steels弯起筋41.Bending moment弯矩42.bending rigidity弯曲刚度43.Between and 两者之间44.bolt 闩住45.Bow string girder弓弦梁46.brake force汽车制动力47.bridge abutment桥台48.buoyancy of water水浮力49.by volume 按体积50.Cable-stayed Bridge 斜拉桥51.can be minimized or even avoidedentirely减至最小甚至完全消除52.Cantilever beam悬臂梁53.cantilever悬臂54.Cast-in-place现浇55.catenary length悬链线长56.catenary悬链线57.centrifugal force 离心力58.characteristic value of an action 作用标准值59.clearance净空60.cm centimeter 厘米61.coarse aggregate粗骨料pression members受压构件pression压力pressive strength抗压强度pressive strength抗压强度66.confidence level /reliability 可靠度67.consequent weight savings重量减轻68.consolidometer 固结仪69.constitutive model本构模型70.construction documents design施工图设计71.Continuous beam 连续梁72.corresponding maintenance costsminimizing腐蚀问题及相关的维护费用降至最低73.corrosion resistance 抗腐蚀性74.crack 开裂75.cracking and deflection 开裂和挠度76.cracking and other undesirable effects 开裂和其它不利影响77.crack裂缝78.creep徐变79.cross-sectional dimensions 截面尺寸80.crystallizes结晶81.cumulative 累积的82.curvature曲率83.curvature曲率84.cushion cap 承台85.cycle track自行车道86.Data logger数据记录器87.dead load 恒荷载88.dead load/ dead weight自重89.deck桥面90.decreases sizably 大幅度下降91.Deflection and crack control对裂缝和挠度的控制92.deflection挠度93.Degree of reliability 可靠度94.design limit load设计极限荷载95.design reference period 设计基准期96.design value of a load荷载设计值97.design value of an action作用设计值98.design value 设计值99.design value设计值100.deterioration劣化101.deviator 偏差，偏量102.diagonal tension斜向受拉103.diameter 直径104.disposed配有105.dissipation 消散106.disturbed 被扰动的107.dm decimeter 分米108.Drainage boundary透水边界109.ductility延性110.durability耐久性111.during freezing weather 在冰冻天气里112.dynamic 动力的113.efficient use of high strength steel 有效地利用高强钢筋114.elastic modulus弹性模量115.elasticity弹性116.elevation 高程117.empirical 经验的118.equivalent load等效荷载119.equivalent 等价的120.Erect架设121.evaporate from the concrete 从混凝土中挥发出去122.even fail 甚至破坏123.Even if no such necessity exists即使不存在这种必要性124.exceed超过125.excellent corrosion protection优良的防腐蚀保护层126.extends扩展127.external 外部的128.extremely important 极为重要的129.Fabricated simply-supported beam bridge装配式简支梁桥130.far beyond 远远超过131.filled with moisture充满水分132.final design strength 最终强度133.fine aggregate细骨料134.finite element analysis有限元分析135.finite element method有限元法136.fire resistance 抗火性能137.fit 安装138.flange 凸缘139.Flexible cables柔性主缆140.flexural rigidity of section截面弯曲刚度141.Flexural rigidity抗弯刚度142.flexural stiffness of members构件的弯曲刚度143.for a quarter of a century and longer二十几年甚至更长的时间里144.For most effective reinforcing action使配筋最有效地发挥作用145.forestall different thermal deformations 避免热变形差值146.foundation 基础147.Frequent value of an action作用频遇值148.friction coefficient 摩擦系数149.frost damage冰冻破坏150.functionally or visually unacceptable不符合功能要求和视觉要求151.further aggravated 进一步增大152.generation and dissipation 生成与消散153.girder section主梁截面154.girder主梁155.Gorge峡谷156.gradually通过逐渐157.gravity standard value重力标准值158.handrail护栏159.hardened concrete硬化混凝土160.harden硬化161.heating, electrical ducts, plumbing risers 供热、供电和排水立管162.High Reliability高可靠度163.high strength material高强度材料164.high thermal conductivity 热传导系数高165.high-rise pile cap高桩承台166.hydrate水化167.ignore entirely 完全忽视了168.in any particular mix 任何一种特定的配比169.in conjunction with 并结合170.in conjunction with 以及171.In practice在实践中172.In theory从理论上说173.inclined tension stresses斜向拉应力174.increment 增量175.innovative new structural forms新型的结构形式176.innumerable voids无数孔隙177.Internal 内部的178.is first mixed 最初被搅拌时179.is further limited 进一步限制180.is proportional to 成正比181.is undesirable excessive cracking 不希望发生过宽的裂缝182.it may be visually offensive并在感观上使人难以接受183.K-consolidation isotropic 各向同性的rgely overcome 大大克服teral direction 侧向186.leak badly严重渗漏187.limited to the outer layer of concrete混凝土的外层188.Linear variable differential transformer（LVDT）线性可变差动变压器（位移传感器）189.load on foundations基础上的荷载190.longitudinal reinforcement纵筋191.longitudinal纵向192.low pile cap低桩承台193.lower-floor columns 下部楼层柱194.magnitude and distribution大小和分布195.maintenance维修养护196.make use of 利用197.masonry砌体198.maximum amount 最大量199.mechanics of materials材料力学200.minimum steel ratio最小配筋率201.minute, interlocked crystals微小晶体交错的固体材料202.mm millimeter 毫米203.Modern structural engineering 现代结构工程204.moment of inertia惯性矩205.Monitor 监控206.mount安装在…上207.much longer spans than previouslythought possible跨度远远超出了原先的想象208.multiplied by the number of stories逐层累积209.Multi-span continuous beam bridge多跨连续梁桥210.multistory buildings多层建筑211.multistory buildings多层建筑212.nonlinearity非线性213.normally consolidated正常固结214.optimal structure design结构优化设计215.optimization最优化216.ordinary loads and spans常规跨度和荷载217.ordinary reinforcing steels 普通钢筋218.orthotropic正交的219.orthotropic正交异性的220.Oscillation振动221.over 30℃比方说在30℃以上222.overall improvement 整体上改善223.overconsolidated超固结224.Partially drained部分排水225.particularly important 尤为重要226.partition隔断227.Passage通道228.pedestrian load人群荷载229.pedestrians行人230.permanent action 永久作用231.Pier桥墩232.pile cap桩承台233.Pipeline管线234.piston活塞235.plane cross-section assumption平截面假定236.plastic hinge塑性铰237.plasticity塑性238.Plate Mechanics板壳力学239.Pore pressure transducer孔压传感器240.porous stone 透水石241.portal frame门架刚架桥242.Portland ceme硅酸盐水泥243.Post-cyclic循环后244.precast预制245.predesign preliminary design初步设计246.premature failure 过早破坏247.Pressure chamber压力室248.prestressed concrete structures 预应力混凝土结构249.Prestressed concrete预应力混凝土250.prestressing steel预应力钢筋251.principal determinant 主要决定因素252.principal tensile stress主拉应力253.prior to casting of the concrete在浇筑混凝土之前254.prolonged fire exposure长期暴露在火焰下255.quasi-permanent value of an action作用准永久值256.radial 径向的257.radius 半径258.range of application 应用范围259.reduces or eliminates 降低或消除260.reduction减少261.refined analysis精确的分析262.Reinforced concrete structure 钢筋混凝土结构263.reinforcement ratio配筋率264.relative movements 相对滑移265.reliability可靠度266.representative value of an action作用代表值267.resisting external loads承受外部荷载268.resist抵抗269.retaining wall挡墙270.Rigid Frame Bridge271.Rigid frame bridge刚构桥272.rigid gel硬质凝胶273.roller转轴274.safeguard以保证275.safety factor安全系数276.satisfactory joint performance很好地共同工作277.service loads使用荷载278.serviceability limit state正常使用极限状态279.sets into a rigid mass凝结成硬块280.shear force in the beam梁内剪力281.Shear force剪力282.shrinkage收缩283.shrinkage收缩284.Shuttering模板285.side span /middle span边、中跨径286.Significant savings 显著的节省效果287.Simply-supported beam简支梁288.Slab bridge板桥289.sleeve 套管290.slender members 细长构件291.small accidental bending moments偶然出现的小弯矩292.smear 涂抹293.some porosity 若干孔隙294.special precautions 专门的预防措施295.stainless steel 不锈钢296.standard value标准值297.static 静力的298.steel and concrete deform together钢筋和混凝土的变形要一致299.Stiffening trusses加劲桁架300.stiffness ratio刚度比301.stirrup steels 箍筋302.strain control method应变控制法303.strands, wires, or bars钢绞线、钢丝或钢筋304.stress concentration应力集中305.stress control method应力控制法306.Stress-strain relationship应力-应变关系307.structural mechanics结构力学308.subsoil地基309.sufficient thermal insulation 充分的温度绝缘310.sufficient water 足够的水311.sufficiently close 相当接近312.sufficiently strong bond 足够强的粘结力313.superimposed load附加荷载314.support支座315.surface moisture表面含水量316.Suspension Bridge 悬索桥317.Suspension bridge悬索桥318.T-beam T梁319.technical design技术设计320.tensile strength抗拉强度321.Tensile strength抗拉强度322.tension拉力323.That is即324.The cement paste 水泥浆325.the concrete is to be poured混凝土浇注326.the embedded reinforcement埋置在其内的钢筋327.the loads on the structure结构上作用的荷载328.The maximum size 最大尺寸329.The outside air temperature 室外气温330.the proportion of water 水的比例331.The ratio of water to cement 水与水泥的比332.the surrounding molecules of water周围的水分子333.the width of the forms模板的宽度334.theoretical 理论的335.there are limitations to this development这种发展受到了限制336.thermal expansion coefficients 热膨胀系数337.three-dimensional三维的338.tie beam系梁339.tied-arch bridge系杆拱桥340.too stiff to be worked硬得无法施工341.total design load总设计荷载中342.tower塔343.trigger导致344.truck loading汽车荷载345.Truss桁架346.typical pattern 典型模式347.ultimate limit states承载能力极限状态348.ultimate load design 极限荷载设计349.ultimate load极限荷载350.under exceptional conditions 在特殊情况下351.under the combined effects of serviceload and prestressing force在使用荷载和预应力的联合作用下352.undesirable characteristics of ordinaryreinforced concrete 普通钢筋混凝土的这些不足353.undesirable tensile stresses不利的拉应力354.undisturbed 未被扰动的355.uniform beam 等截面梁356.Uniform 相同的357.unprotected steel 无防护层钢筋358.unreinforced member不加钢筋的混凝土构件359.Unreliability不可靠度eful strength可以利用的强度361.variable action 可变作用362.versus 与…相对363.viaduct pier高架桥桥墩364.wallop冲击力365.well井366.width and number of cracks裂缝宽度和数量367.wing wall翼墙368.with its strength in tension a low andunreliable value其抗拉强度低且不稳定369.with little effort不太费力地370.with the passing of time 随着时间的推移371.workable mixture和易性好的配料372.yield strength屈服强度373.yield surface本构模型屈服面摘要：实验室研究旨在探讨软压实粘性土受到重复加载的反应。
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第一部分必须掌握，第二部分尽量掌握第一部分：1 Finite Element Method 有限单元法2 专业英语Specialty English3 水利工程Hydraulic Engineering4 土木工程Civil Engineering5 地下工程Underground Engineering6 岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering7 道路工程Road (Highway) Engineering8 桥梁工程Bridge Engineering9 隧道工程Tunnel Engineering10 工程力学Engineering Mechanics11 交通工程Traffic Engineering12 港口工程Port Engineering13 安全性safety17木结构timber structure18 砌体结构masonry structure19 混凝土结构concrete structure20 钢结构steelstructure21 钢-混凝土复合结构steel and concrete composite structure22 素混凝土plain concrete23 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete24 钢筋rebar25 预应力混凝土pre-stressed concrete26 静定结构statically determinate structure27 超静定结构statically indeterminate structure28 桁架结构truss structure29 空间网架结构spatial grid structure30 近海工程offshore engineering31 静力学statics32运动学kinematics33 动力学dynamics34 简支梁simply supported beam35 固定支座fixed bearing36弹性力学elasticity37 塑性力学plasticity38 弹塑性力学elaso-plasticity39 断裂力学fracture Mechanics40 土力学soil mechanics41 水力学hydraulics42 流体力学fluid mechanics43 固体力学solid mechanics44 集中力concentrated force45 压力pressure46 静水压力hydrostatic pressure47 均布压力uniform pressure48 体力body force49 重力gravity50 线荷载line load51 弯矩bending moment52 torque 扭矩53 应力stress54 应变stain55 正应力normal stress56 剪应力shearing stress57 主应力principal stress58 变形deformation59 内力internal force60 偏移量挠度deflection61 settlement 沉降62 屈曲失稳buckle63 轴力axial force64 允许应力allowable stress65 疲劳分析fatigue analysis66 梁beam67 壳shell68 板plate69 桥bridge70 桩pile71 主动土压力active earth pressure72 被动土压力passive earth pressure73 承载力load-bearing capacity74 水位water Height75 位移displacement76 结构力学structural mechanics77 材料力学material mechanics78 经纬仪altometer79 水准仪level80 学科discipline81 子学科sub-discipline82 期刊journal ,periodical83文献literature84 ISSN International Standard Serial Number 国际标准刊号85 ISBN International Standard Book Number 国际标准书号86 卷volume87 期number 88 专着monograph89 会议论文集Proceeding90 学位论文thesis, dissertation91 专利patent92 档案档案室archive93 国际学术会议conference94 导师advisor95 学位论文答辩defense of thesis96 博士研究生doctorate student97 研究生postgraduate98 EI Engineering Index 工程索引99 SCI Science Citation Index 科学引文索引100ISTP Index to Science and Technology Proceedings 科学技术会议论文集索引101 题目title102 摘要abstract103 全文full-text104 参考文献reference105 联络单位、所属单位affiliation106 主题词Subject107 关键字keyword108 ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers 美国土木工程师协会109 FHWA Federal Highway Administration 联邦公路总署110 ISO International Standard Organization111 解析方法analytical method112 数值方法numerical method113 计算computation114 说明书instruction115 规范Specification, Code第二部分：岩土工程专业词汇1.geotechnical?engineering岩土工程?2.foundation?engineering基础工程3.soil,?earth土4.soil?mechanics土力学?????????cyclic?loading周期荷载?unloading卸载?reloading再加载?viscoelastic?foundation粘弹性地基?viscous?damping粘滞阻尼?shear?modulus剪切模量?5.soil?dynamics土动力学6.stress?path应力路径?7.numerical geotechanics 数值岩土力学二. 土的分类 1.residual soil残积土 groundwater level地下水位 2.groundwater 地下水 groundwater table地下水位 3.clay minerals粘土矿物 4.secondary minerals次生矿物 ndslides滑坡 6.bore hole columnar section钻孔柱状图 7.engineering geologic investigation工程地质勘察 8.boulder 漂石 9.cobble卵石 10.gravel砂石 11.gravelly sand砾砂 12.coarse sand粗砂 13.medium sand中砂 14.fine sand细砂 15.silty sand粉土 16.clayey soil粘性土 17.clay粘土 18.silty clay粉质粘土 19.silt粉土 20.sandy silt砂质粉土 21.clayey silt粘质粉土 22.saturated soil饱和土 23.unsaturated soil非饱和土 24.fill (soil)填土 25.overconsolidated soil超固结土 26.normally consolidated soil正常固结土 27.underconsolidated soil欠固结土 28.zonal soil区域性土 29.soft clay软粘土 30.expansive (swelling) soil膨胀土 31.peat泥炭 32.loess黄土 33.frozen soil冻土 24.degree of saturation饱和度 25.dry unit weight干重度26.moist unit weight湿重度45.ISSMGE=International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geote chnical Engineering 国际土力学与岩土工程学会四. 渗透性和渗流1.Darcy’ｓlaw 达西定律 2.piping管涌 3.flowing soil流土 4.sand boiling砂沸 5.flow net流网 6.seepage渗透（流） 7.leakage渗流 8.seepage pressure渗透压力 9.permeability渗透性10.seepage force渗透力11.hydraulic gradient水力梯度 12.coefficient of permeability渗透系数五. 地基应力和变形1.soft soil软土2.(negative) skin friction of driven pile打入桩（负）摩阻力3.effective stress有效应力4.total stress总应力5.field vane shear strength十字板抗剪强度6.low activity低活性7.sensitivity灵敏度8.triaxial test三轴试验9.foundation design基础设计 10.recompaction再压缩11.bearing capacity承载力 12.soil mass土体13.contact stress (pressure)接触应力（压力）14.concentrated load集中荷载 15.a semi-infinite elastic solid半无限弹性体 16.homogeneous均质 17.isotropic各向同性 18.strip footing条基 19.square spread footing方形独立基础20.underlying soil (stratum ,strata)下卧层（土）21.dead load =sustained load恒载持续荷载 22.live load活载 23.short –term transient load短期瞬时荷载24.long-term transient load长期荷载 25.reduced load折算荷载 26.settlement沉降 27.deformation变形 28.casing套管 29.dike=dyke堤（防） 30.clay fraction粘粒粒组 31.physical properties物理性质 32.subgrade路基 33.well-graded soil级配良好土 34.poorly-graded soil级配不良土 35.normal stresses正应力 36.shear stresses剪应力 37.principal plane主平面38.major (intermediate, minor) principal stress最大（中、最小）主应力 39.Mohr-Coulomb failure condition摩尔-库仑破坏条件 40.FEM=finite element method有限元法41.limit equilibrium method极限平衡法42.pore water pressure孔隙水压力43.preconsolidation pressure先期固结压力44.modulus of compressibility压缩模量45.coefficent of compressibility压缩系数pression index压缩指数 47.swelling index回弹指数 48.geostatic stress自重应力 49.additional stress附加应力 50.total stress总应力 51.final settlement最终沉降 52.slip line滑动线六. 基坑开挖与降水 1 excavation开挖（挖方） 2 dewatering （基坑）降水 3 failure of foundation基坑失稳4 bracing of foundation pit基坑围护5 bottom heave=basal heave （基坑）底隆起6 retaining wall挡土墙7 pore-pressure distribution孔压分布8 dewatering method降低地下水位法9 well point system井点系统（轻型） 10 deep well point深井点 11 vacuum well point 真空井点 12 braced cuts支撑围护 13 braced excavation支撑开挖 14 braced sheeting支撑挡板七. 深基础--deep foundation 1.pile foundation桩基础1)cast –in-place灌注桩 diving casting cast-in-place pile沉管灌注桩 bored pile钻孔桩 special-shaped cast-in-place pile机控异型灌注桩 piles set into rock嵌岩灌注桩 rammed bulb pile夯扩桩2)belled pier foundation钻孔墩基础 drilled-pier foundation钻孔扩底墩 under-reamed bored pier3)precast concrete pile预制混凝土桩4)steel pile钢桩 steel pipe pile钢管桩 steel sheet pile钢板桩5)prestressed concrete pile预应力混凝土桩 prestressed concrete pipe pile预应力混凝土管桩 2.caisson foundation沉井（箱） 3.diaphragm wall地下连续墙截水墙 4.friction pile摩擦桩 5.end-bearing pile端承桩 6.shaft竖井；桩身 7.wave equation analysis波动方程分析 8.pile caps承台（桩帽） 9.bearing capacity of single pile单桩承载力 teral pile load test单桩横向载荷试验 11.ultimate lateral resistance of single pile单桩横向极限承载力 12.static load test of pile单桩竖向静荷载试验 13.vertical allowable load capacity单桩竖向容许承载力 14.low pile cap低桩承台 15.high-rise pile cap高桩承台 16.vertical ultimate uplift resistance of single pile单桩抗拔极限承载力 17.silent piling静力压桩 18.uplift pile抗拔。