2000年至2012年全国自考英语词汇学试卷参考答案

参考答案

2000年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案

Ⅰ.1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.D

Ⅱ.(10%) 16.transfer 17.OLD English 18.monolingual 19.semantically 20.extralinguistic/non-linguistic

Ⅲ.21.D 22.F 23.A 24.J 25.B 26.C 27.I 28.E 29.G 30.H Ⅳ. 31.bound root 32.（head+tail）blinding 33.inflectional affix/morpheme

34.a+n 35.full conversion 36.suffix 37.reversativ 38.prefix of degree 39.prefix 40.number prefix

Ⅴ.41.The process of forming new words by joining the initial letters of names of organizations or special noun phrases and technical terms.

42.Native words, also known as Anglo-Saxon words, are words brought to Britian in the 5th century by the Germanic tribes.

43.The process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.

44.The distinctive stylistic features of words which make them appropriate for different context.

45.A dictionary written in one language, or a dictionary in which entries are defined in the same language.

Ⅵ.46.There are four types of motivation:

1）Onomatopoeic motivation, e.g. cuckoo, squeak, quack, etc.

2）Morphological motivation, e.g. airmail, reading-lamp, etc.

3）Semantic motivation, e.g. the mouth of the river, the foot of the mountain, etc.

4）Etymological motivation, e.g. pen, laconic, etc.

47.Key points:borrowing; dialects and regional English; figurative and euphemistic use of words; coincidence with idiomatic expressions.

48.Key points:definition; explanation; example; synonymy; antonymy; hyponymy; relevant details and word structure.

Ⅶ.49.

1）Each of the three words consists of three morphemes, recollection （re+collect+ion）,nationalist（nation+al+ist）,unearthly（un+earth+ly）.

2）Of the nine morphemes, only "collect","nation" and "earth" are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.

3）All the rest re-,-ion,-al,-ist,un- and -ly are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.

50.

1）the stitch in time ----- a stitch in time saves nine（3分）

2）proverbs are concise, forcible and thought-provoking（1分）

3）using an old saying is more persuasive（2分）

4）the short form saves time, more colloquial（2分）

5）indicates intimacy or close relationship（1分）

2001年4月份高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语词汇学试题参考答案

I．1．B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.D 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15. C

II. 16. Stylistic 17.monolingual 18.semantic opposition 19. degradation 或 pejoration 20.productivity and collocability

III.21. I 22. C 23. F 24. B 25. E 26. D 27. J 28. G 29. H 30. A

IV. 31. adverb idiom/ idiom adverbial in nature 32. conceptual meaning

33. conceptual meaning 34. n+v-ed 35. Backformation 36. n+v 37. bound root 38. Prefix 39. bound root 40. inflectional affix/morpheme V. 41. Specialized dictionary refers to a dictionary which concentrates on a particular area of language or knowledge. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

42. Collocative meaning is that part of the word meaning suggested by the words before or after the word in discussion. (内容1.5分；语言0.5分)

43. Words which were used to designate one thing but later changed to mean something else have experienced the process of semantic transfer.

44. the minimal meaningful unit of a language.

45. the language used in England from 450 to 1150.

VI. 46. 要点： Radiation Concatenation

i) primary meaning i) first sense

ii）次要意义由主要意义辐射 ii）由此意义连续转换；特点为链接

iii）名词语义互不依赖 iii）最后意义与第一意义失去联系的迹象

47. 要点：

（1）break up an idiom into pieces（2分）（2）an unusual case of using idioms（1分）

（3）in literature or popular press for special effect（1分）

注：语言扣分不得超过1分（语法扣1分，拼写扣0.5分）

48. Collocative meaning consists of the associations a word acquires in its collocation. In other words, it is that part of the word-meaning suggested by words before or after the word in discussion. For example, 'pretty' and 'handsome' share the conceptual meaning of 'good looking', but are distinguished by the range of nouns they collocate with: pretty handsome

VII.49. 答案要点

1）Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.（2分）

2）Semantic motivation, one of the four major types of motivation, explains the connection between the literal sense and figurative sense of the word.(3分)

3）In this sentence, 'pen' reminds one of the tool to write with, thus suggesting writing; 'sword' reminds one of the weapon to fight with, thus suggesting war.(4分)

50.要点：

（1）it is ambiguous（2分）

（2）ambiguity caused by the structure（2分）

（3）stop drinking can be understood as

1）police stop drinking by themselves (1分 )