大学英语综合教程1、2笔记
综合教程1 Unit 2 Friendship 小楠笔记
All the cabbie Had Was a Letter1He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention.2“Is your cab available?” I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, “I’m sorry, but I was reading a letter.” He sounded as if he had a cold or something.3“I’m in no hurry,” I told him. “Go ahead and finish your letter.”4He shook his head. “I’ve read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart.”5“Letters from home always mean a lot,” I said. “At least they do with me because I’m on the road so much.”Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed:”From a child or maybe a grandchild?”6“This isn’t a family,” he replied. “Although,” he went on, “come to think of it, it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other ‘Old Friend’—when we’d meet, that is. I’m not much of a hand at writing.”7“I don’t think any of us keep up our correspondence too well,” I said. “I know I don’t. But I take it he’s someone you’ve known quite a while?”8“All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back.”9“Went to school together?”10“All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and high school.”11“There are not too many people who’ve had such a long friendship,” I said.12“Actually,” the driver went on, “I hadn’t seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy.”13“You said ‘was’. Dose that mean--?”14He nodded. “Died a couple of weeks ago.”15“I’m sorry,” I said. “It’s no fun to lose any friend—and losing a real old one is even tougher.”16He didn’t reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost to himself than to me: “I should have kept in touch.”17“Well,” I agreed, “We should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just don’t seem to find the time.”18He shrugged. “We used to find the time,” he said. “That’s even mentioned in the letter.” He handed it over to me. “Take a look.”19“Thanks,” I said, “but I don’t want to read your mail. That’s pretty personal.”20The driver shrugged. “Old Ed’s dead. There’s nothing personal now. Go ahead,” he urged me. 21The letter was written in pencil. It began with the greeting “Old Friend,”and the first sentence remained me of myself. I’ve been meaning to write for some time, but I’ve always postponed it. It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when they both live in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant to something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker’s gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school.22“You must have spent a lot of time together,” I said to him.23“Like it says there,” he answered, “about all we have to spend in those days was time.” He shook his head: “Time.”24I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with “Old Friend”because that we’ve become over the years—old friends. And there aren’t many of us left.25“You know,”I said to him, “when it says here that there aren’t many of us left, that’s absolutely right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around.”26“Time goes by,” the driver said.27“Did you two work at the same place?” I asked him.28“No, but we hung out on the same corner when we were single. And then, when we were married, we used to go to each other’s house every now and then. But for the last 20 or 30 years it’s been mostly just Christmas cards. Of course there’d be always be a note we’d each add to the cards—usually some news about our families, you know, what the kid was doing, who moved where, a new grandchild, things like that—but never a real letter or anything like that.”29“This is a good part here,” I said. “Where it says your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I’m not good at saying things like that.”I found myself nodding in agreement. “That must have made you feel good, didn’t it?”30The driver said something that I couldn’t understand because he seemed to be all choked up, so I continued: “I known I’d like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend.”31We were getting close to our destination so I skipped to the last paragraph. So I thought you’d like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed, Your Old Friend, Tom.32I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. “Enjoyed talking with you,” I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?33“I thought your friend’s name was Ed，” I said. “Why did he sign it Tom?”34“The letter was not from Ed to me,”he explained. “I’m Tom. It’s a letter I wrote to him before I knew he’d died. So I never mailed it.”35He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. “I guessI should have writer it sooner.”36 When I got to my hotel room I didn’t unpack right away. First I had write a letter—and mail it.。
大学英语综合教程1、2笔记
大学英语综合教程笔记→●符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，[]表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，~加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。
● 2●Shape = to have great influence on sb;determinethe nature of sth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。
e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期经历决定。
●一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, tosome degree●conform 与……一致● 3●off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, that's why the clothes feel damp(潮湿的）.●Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverseindustry.●possibility=likelihood e.g.They haven't arrived yet.There's the possibility that they've taken the wrong road.●take hold=become established生根，确立e.g.Oldhabits die hard. （很难摆脱）That's why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.●bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored witha crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferablebore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事●Assignment=a piece of work given to a particularperson（分配的）工作，任务，作业~assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth [give] e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned.●turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting,public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turned out some great scholars.●agony=painful●anticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. Theyanticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubledby 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.(医改)e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you.●cheerless ~cheering欢呼~cheerful~cheerleader拉拉队长●That most tedious of subjects=the most tedioussubject of all subjects.●Have a reputation for 因……●be able to do,have the ability to do <=> be capable of●Inspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测 e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jr's speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. ~inspiration+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration.●Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; stricte.g.If he had been a little less rigid about things, hisdaughter would not have left home at such a youngage.●Hopeless be hopeless at对……一窍不通a hopelessly ill patient绝症●Be/go out of date/old fashioned<=>befashionable/up to date bring sth up to date ●Prim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior andshowing a dislike of anything rude and improper.A prim dress端庄prim appearance prim andproper[negative]过于古板和认真●Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severewriting style. 2 stern, strict: be severe on/with e.g.Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force. 3 剧烈的e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by the Vice-president proved to be a heart attack.●Glasses=spectacles, contact lens●Wavy 卷曲的有波纹的●He wore prim suits with neckties set primly againstthe collar buttons of his white shirts.●Comic滑稽的●tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was sodifficult that pupils did not know how to tackle it.●Distribute=divide and give out among people,places, etc. distribute sth among/to sb. {词根}tributee.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day;pay tribute to [contribute, attribute to把..归因于]●Simple-minded=showing very little intelligencenarrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚;strong-minded意志坚强●Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2.The train is due in 15 minutes.●Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born,you’ll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.● A sequence of一连串相关事物a sequence of dancemovements●Image an image ambassador of..[product]●In my mind’s eye~ mental images 脑海●定语后置e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words wehave learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光).●Scanner扫描仪●Spaghetti-not taste pulpy (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀prong叉子的尖头●Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I don’t recallever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clause●Drive sth home将…讲透彻●Argument ∶get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; offer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument●Awake The letters awoke old fears.●Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areasviolates traffic regulations.<=>violet紫罗兰violent 剧烈的● A failing/passing grade●Respectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectablecouple⇔respectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼仪的，礼貌的●Composer作曲家●The graded papers⇔the corrected papers●Report to sb for sth: I was ordered to report fortraining to the artillery officers.●Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律；keepdiscipline维持纪律learn discipline学会遵守纪律● 4●Speak/talk/say/laugh out loud●Contempt 轻视，轻蔑●Ridicule=making or being made fun of. 1 Incontempt of对……不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕 2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑●Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings,tears, etc. e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en built banks(堤）of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development of e.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me about it, don't hold anything back.●Be pure delight at●Power=the faculty(能力，技能，功能）of the body ormind e.g.1 We'll have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力●Career, profession, trade●At the eleventh hour●As it were=so to speak=as one might say●Put the final seal on my happiness. definite. A sealof approval e.g.This project needs the government's seal of approval.正式批准。
全新大学英语综一册备课笔记
全新版大学英语综合教程第一册Unit 1 Growing UpPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Do you know who John Lennon was?2. Have you ever heard the song before?3. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures?4. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?The following words in the recording may be new to you:monster n. 怪物 prayer n. 祈祷Part IIText AWhen we are writing we are often told to keep our readers in mind, to shape what we say to fit their tastes and interests. But there is one reader in particular who should not be forgotten. Can you guess who? Russell Baker surprised himself and everyone else when he discovered the answer. WRITING FOR MYSELFRussell BakerThe idea of becoming a writer had come to me off and on since my childhood in Belleville, but it wasn't until my third year in high school that the possibility took hold. Until then I'd been bored by everything associated with English courses. I found English grammar dull and difficult.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write.When our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English I anticipated another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects. Mr. Fleagle had a reputation among students for dullness and inability to inspire. He was said to be very formal, rigid and hopelessly out of date. To me he looked to be sixty or seventy and excessively prim. He wore primly severe eyeglasses, his wavy hair was primly cut and primly combed. He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collar buttons of his white shirts. He had a primly pointed jaw, a primly straight nose, and a prim manner of speaking that was so correct, so gentlemanly, that he seemed a comic antique.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. Late in the year we tackled the informal essay. Mr. Fleagle distributed a homework sheet offering us a choice of topics. None was quite so simple-minded as "What I Did on My Summer Vacation," but most seemed to be almost as dull. I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa, I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. The topic on which my eye stopped was "The Art of Eating Spaghetti."This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. Vivid memories came flooding back of a night in Belleville when all of us were seated around the supper table — Uncle Allen, my mother, Uncle Charlie, Doris, Uncle Hal — and Aunt Pat served spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was still a little known foreign dish in those days. Neither Doris nor I had ever eaten spaghetti,and none of the adults had enough experience to be good at it. All the good humor of Uncle Allen's house reawoke in my mind as I recalled the laughing arguments we had that night about the socially respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.Suddenly I wanted to write about that, about the warmth and good feeling of it, but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy, not for Mr. Fleagle. It was a moment I wanted to recapture and hold for myself. I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening. To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I'd learned in school, and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade. Never mind. I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no time left to compose a proper, respectable essay for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to turn in my tale of the Belleville supper. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the graded papers, and he returned everyone's but mine. I was preparing myself for a command to report to Mr. Fleagle immediately after school for discipline when I saw him lift my paper from his desk and knock for the class's attention."Now, boys," he said. "I want to read you an essay. This is titled, 'The Art of Eating Spaghetti.'" And he started to read. My words! He was reading my words out loud to the entire class. What's more, the entire class was listening. Listening attentively. Then somebody laughed, then the entire class was laughing, and not in contempt and ridicule, but with open-hearted enjoyment. Even Mr. Fleagle stopped two or three times to hold back a small prim smile.I did my best to avoid showing pleasure, but what I was feeling was pure delight at this demonstration that my words had the power to make people laugh. In the eleventh grade, at the eleventh hour as it were, I had discovered a calling. It was the happiest moment of my entire school career. When Mr. Fleagle finished he put the final seal on my happiness by saying, "Now that, boys, is an essay, don't you see. It's — don't you see — it's of the very essence of the essay, don't you see. Congratulations, Mr. Baker."(797 words)New Words and Expressionsoff and onfrom time to time; sometimes 断断续续地；有时possibility n. 可能（性）take hold become established 生根，确立bore vt. make (sb.) become tired and lose interest 使（人）厌烦associate vt. join or connect together; bring in the mind 使联系起来；使联想assignmentn. a piece of work that is given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业turn out produce 编写；生产，制造agony: n. very great pain or suffering of mind or body （身心的）极度痛苦assign: vt. give as a share or duty 分配，分派anticipate: vt. expect 预期，期望tedious: a. boring and lasting for a long time 乏味的；冗长的reputation: n. 名声；名誉inability: n. lack of power, skill or ability 无能，无力inspire: vt. fill (sb.) with confidence, eagerness, etc. 激励，鼓舞formal: a. (too) serious and careful in manner and behavior; based on correct or accepted rules 刻板的，拘谨的；正式的，正规的rigid a. (often disapproving) fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict 一成不变的；严格的hopelessly ad. very much; without hope 十分，极度；绝望地excessively ad. 过分地out of date old-fashioned 过时的prima. (usu. disapproving) (of a person) too formal or correct in behavior and showing a dislike of anything rude; neat 古板的，拘谨的；循规蹈矩的；整洁的 primly ad.severe: a. completely plain; causing very great pain, difficulty, worry, etc. 朴素的；严重的，剧烈的necktie n. tie 领带jaw n. 颌，颚comic▲ a. 滑稽的；喜剧的 n. 连环漫画（册）antique n. 古物，古玩tackle vt. try to deal with 处理，应付essay n. 散文，小品文；论说文distribute vt. divide and give out among people, places, etc. 分发，分配，分送finally ad. at last 最终，终于face up to: be brave enough to accept or deal with 勇敢地接受或对付scan v. look through quickly 浏览，粗略地看spaghetti n. 意大利式细面条title n. a name given to a book, film, etc. 标题，题目 vt. give a name to 给…加标题，加题目于extraordinary a. very unusual or strange 不同寻常的；奇特的sequence n. 一连串相关的事物；次序，顺序image n. a picture formed in the mind 形象；印象；（图）像adult n. a fully grown person or animal 成年人；成年动物humor n. 心情；幽默，诙谐recall vt. bring back to the mind; remember 回想起，回忆起argument n. 论据，论点；争论respectable a. (of behavior, appearance, etc.) socially acceptable 可敬的；体面的；文雅的put down write down 写下recapture vt. (lit) bring back into the mind; experience again 再现；再次经历relive vt. experience again, esp. in one's imagination 再体验，重温violate vt. act against 违背，违反compose vt. write or create (music, poetry, etc.) 创作turn in hand in (work that one has done) 交（作业）command n.,v.命令，指令discipline n. punishment; order kept (among school-children, soldiers, etc.) 惩罚，处分；纪律what's more in addition, more importantly 而且，此外；更有甚者contempt▲ n. 轻视，轻蔑ridicule n. making or being made fun of 嘲笑，嘲弄；被戏弄open-hearted a. sincere, frank 诚挚的hold back prevent the expression of (feelings, tears, etc.) 控制（感情、眼泪等）avoid vt. keep or get away from 避免demonstration n. act of showing or proving sth. 表明；证明career n. 生涯，事业；职业seal n. 印，图章essence▲ n. the most important quality of a thing 本质；精髓congratulation n. (usu. pl) expression of joy for sb.'s success, luck, etc. 祝贺，恭喜Legally Blonde- A legal education means you will learn to speak in a new language. You will be taught to achieve insight into the world around you and to sharply question what you know. The seat you have picked will be yours for the next nine months of your life. And those of you in the front row beware. "The law is reason free from passion". Does anyone know who spoke thise immortal words? Yes? - Aristotle.- Are you sure?- Yes.- Would you be willing to stake your life on it?- I think so.- What about his life?- I don't know.- Well, I recommend knowing before speaking. The law leaves much room for interpretation but very little for self-doubt. And you were right. It was Aristotle.- Good job.- Now, I assume all of you have read pages 1-48 and are now well-versed in subject matter jurisdiction. Who can tell use about Gordon vs. Steele? Let's call on someone from the hot zone. Elle Woods?- Actually, I wasn't aware that we had an assignment.- Vivian Kensington. Do you think it's acceptable that Ms. Woods is not prepared?- No, I don't.- Would you support my decision to ask her to leave class and to return only when she is prepared? - Absolutely.- Now, Ms. Kensington, did diversity jurisdiction exist in this case?- No, it did not.- Good. How about in the case of Owens vs. McCullogh?- I can't believe that girl. So stupid. Who does she think she is?- Excuse me. Are you OK?- Do they put you on the spot like that all the time?- The professors? They tend to do that. Socratic method.- If you don't know the answers, they just kick you out?- You have Stromwell, huh?- Yes! Did she do that to you, too?- No. But she did make me cry once. Not in class. I waited till I got back to my room but she'llkick you right in the ball. Or wherever, you know. She's tough. She's really tough.- Great.- Don't worry, it gets better. Who else do you have?- I have Callahan, Royalton and Levinthal.- Let's see, speak up in Callahan's class. He really likes people that are opinionated. And in Royalton's class try to get a seat in the back. He spits when he talks about products liability. And for Levinthal, make sure you read the footnotes. That's where he gets a lot of his exam questions. - Right. Wow. I'm really glad I met you.Unit2 FriendshipPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Have you ever heard of Dionne Warwick? Have you happened to hear her sing?2. What does a fair weather friend mean?3. What does Dionne Warwick think friends are for?4. Does the song give you any idea of what the stories in this unit will be about?Part IIText AHow do you feel when old friends are far away? Do you make an effort to keep in touch? Sometimes it is easy to put off writing a letter, thinking that there will be plenty of time tomorrow. But then sometimes, as this story shows, we leave it too late. Perhaps reading it will make you want to reach for your pen.ALL THE CABBIE HAD WAS A LETTERFoster FurcoloHe must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention."Is your cab available?" I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, "I'm sorry, but I was reading a letter." He sounded as if he had a cold or something."I'm in no hurry," I told him. "Go ahead and finish your letter."He shook his head. "I've read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart." "Letters from home always mean a lot," I said. "At least they do with me because I'm on the road so much." Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed: "From a child or maybe a grandchild?""This isn't family," he replied. "Although," he went on, "come to think of it", it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other 'Old Friend' — when we'd meet, that is. I'm not much of a hand at writing.""I don't think any of us keep up our correspondence too well," I said. "I know I don't. But I take it he's someone you've known quite a while?""All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back.""Went to school together?""All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and highschool.""There are not too many people who've had such a long friendship," I said."Actually," the driver went on, "I hadn't seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy.""You said 'was'. Does that mean —?"He nodded. "Died a couple of weeks ago.""I'm sorry," I said. "It's no fun to lose any friend —and losing a real old one is even tougher." He didn't reply to that, and we rode on in silence for a few minutes. But I realized that Old Ed was still on his mind when he spoke again, almost more to himself than to me: "I should have kept in touch. Yes," he repeated, "I should have kept in touch.""Well," I agreed, "we should all keep in touch with old friends more than we do. But things come up and we just don't seem to find the time."He shrugged. "We used to find the time," he said. "That's even mentioned in the letter." He handed it over to me. "Take a look.""Thanks," I said, "but I don't want to read your mail. That's pretty personal."The driver shrugged. "Old Ed's dead. There's nothing personal now. Go ahead," he urged me. The letter was written in pencil. It began with the greeting "Old Friend," and the first sentence reminded me of myself. I've been meaning to write for some time, but I've always postponed it. It then went on to say that he often thought about the good times they had had together when they both lived in the same neighborhood. It had references to things that probably meant something to the driver, such as the time Tim Shea broke the window, the Halloween that we tied Old Mr. Parker's gate, and when Mrs. Culver used to keep us after school."You must have spent a lot of time together," I said to him."Like it says there," he answered, "about all we had to spend in those days was time." He shook his head: "Time."I thought the next paragraph of the letter was a little sad: I began the letter with "Old Friend" because that's what we've become over the years —old friends. And there aren't many of us left. "You know," I said to him, "when it says here that there aren't many of us left, that's absolutely right. Every time I go to a class reunion, for example, there are fewer and fewer still around." "Time goes by," the driver said."Did you two work at the same place?" I asked him."No, but we hung out on the same corner when we were single. And then, when we were married, we used to go to each other's house every now and then. But for the last 20 or 30 years it's been mostly just Christmas cards. Of course there'd be always a note we'd each add to the cards —usually some news about our families, you know, what the kids were doing, who moved where, a new grandchild, things like that — but never a real letter or anything like that.""This is a good part here," I said. "Where it says Your friendship over the years has meant an awful lot to me, more than I can say because I'm not good at saying things like that. " I found myself nodding in agreement. "That must have made you feel good, didn't it?"The driver said something that I couldn't understand because he seemed to be all choked up, so I continued: "I know I'd like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend."We were getting close to our destination so I skipped to the last paragraph. So I thought you'd like to know that I was thinking of you. And it was signed，Your Old Friend, Tom.I handed back the letter as we stopped at my hotel. "Enjoyed talking with you," I said as I took my suitcase out of the cab. Tom? The letter was signed Tom?"I thought your friend's name was Ed," I said. "Why did he sign it Tom?""The letter was not from Ed to me," he explained. "I'm Tom. It's a letter I wrote to him before I knew he'd died. So I never mailed it."He looked sort of sorrowful, or as if he were trying to see something in the distance. "I guess I should have written it sooner."When I got to my hotel room I didn't unpack right away. First I had to write a letter — and mail it.(1093 words)New Words and Expressionscabbie n. (infml) a taxi driverbe lost in/lose oneself in : be absorbed in, be fully occupied with 专心致志于windshield :n. (AmE) the glass window in the front of a car, truck, etc. （汽车的）挡风玻璃cab n. a taxi 出租车available a. able to be used, had or reached 可用的；可得到的apologeticallyad. showing or saying that one is sorry for some fault or wrong 道歉地，带着歉意地or something(infml)(used when you are not very sure about what you have just said) 诸如此类的事go ahead continue; beginknow/learn by heart :memorize, remember exactly 记住，能背出estimate vt. form a judgement about 估计might/may(just) as well 不妨，（也）无妨not much of a : not a good 不太好的keep up :continue without stopping 保持correspondence n. the act of writing, receiving or sending letters; letters 通信（联系）；信件practically :ad. almostkid :n. (infml) a childall the way 自始至终，一直neighborhood n. 街坊；四邻kind/sort of: (infml) a little bit, in some way or degree 有几分，有点儿lose touch 失去联系a couple of 几个；一对，一双guy n. 家伙；伙计tough a. (infml) unfortunate; difficult; strong 不幸的；困难的；坚固的；坚强的on one's mind 挂记在心头keep in touch (with) （及…）保持联系，保持接触come up :happen, occur, esp. unexpectedly （尤指意想不到地）发生，出现shrug v. lift (the shoulders) slightly 耸（肩）urge v. try very hard to persuade 力劝，催促postpone vt. delay 推迟，使延期reference n. 提及，谈到；参考，查阅absolutely ad. completely 完全地，极其 absolute a.reunion▲ n. （家人、朋友、同事等久别后的）重聚go by :(of time) pass （时间）逝去hang out (infml) stay in or near a place, not doing very much 闲荡；徘徊every now and then :sometimes, at timesmostly ad. almost all; generally 几乎全部；多半，大体awful a. (infml) (used to add force) very great; very bad or unpleasant 非常的，极大的；可怕的，糟糕的choke v. （使）窒息，堵塞choke up: become too upset to speak （因激动等）哽得说不出话；堵塞destination n. 目的地skip▲ v. 略过，跳过；跳跃sorrowful a. showing or causing sadness 伤心的，悲伤的 sorrow n.in the distance :far awayunpack v. take out (things) from (a suitcase, etc.) 打开right away :at once全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit3Unit 3 Understanding SciencePart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. Who is it about?2. What questions interest him?3. What makes his achievements so remarkable?The following words in the recording may be new to you:universe n. 宇宙muscle n. 肌肉engage v. 及…订婚Part IIText AProfessor Hawking thinks it important to keep everybody in touch with what science is about. In this article he explains why.PUBLIC ATTITUDES TOWARD SCIENCEWhether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in the next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, the past was not that wonderful. It was not so bad for a privileged minority, though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth was highly risky for women. But for the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish, and short.Anyway, even if one wanted to, one couldn't put the clock back to an earlier age. Knowledge andtechniques can't just be forgotten. Nor can one prevent further advances in the future. Even if all government money for research were cut off (and the present government is doing its best), the force of competition would still bring about advances in technology. Moreover, one cannot stop inquiring minds from thinking about basic science, whether or not they are paid for it. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this wouldn't succeed. All it would do is slow down the rate of change.If we accept that we cannot prevent science and technology from changing our world, we can at least try to ensure that the changes they make are in the right directions. In a democratic society, this means that the public needs to have a basic understanding of science, so that it can make informed decisions and not leave them in the hands of experts. At the moment, the public is in two minds about science. It has come to expect the steady increase in the standard of living that new developments in science and technology have brought to continue, but it also distrusts science because it doesn't understand it. This distrust is evident in the cartoon figure of the mad scientist working in his laboratory to produce a Frankenstein. It is also an important element behind support for the Green parties. But the public also has a great interest in science, particularly astronomy, as is shown by the large audiences for television series such as The Skyat Night and for science fiction.What can be done to harness this interest and give the public the scientific background it needsto make informed decisions on subjects like acid rain, the greenhouse effect, nuclear weapons, and genetic engineering? Clearly, the basis must lie in what is taught in schools. But in schools science is often presented in a dry and uninteresting manner. Children learn it by rote to pass examinations, and they don't see its relevance to the world around them. Moreover, science is often taught in terms of equations. Although equations are a brief and accurate way of describing mathematical ideas, they frighten most people. When I wrote a popular book recently, I was advised that each equation I included would halve the sales. I included one equation, Einstein's famous equation, E=mc2. Maybe I would have sold twice as many copies without it.Scientists and engineers tend to express their ideas in the form of equations because they needto know the precise values of quantities. But for the rest of us, a qualitative grasp of scientific concepts is sufficient, and this can be conveyed by words and diagrams, without the use of equations. The science people learn in school can provide the basic framework. But the rate of scientific progress is now so rapid that there are always new developments that have occurred since one wasat school or university. I never learned about molecular biology or transistors at school, but genetic engineering and computers are two of the developments most likely to change the way we live in the future. Popular books and magazine articles about science can help to put across new developments, but even the most successful popular book is read by only a small proportion of the population. Only television can reach a truly mass audience. There are some very good science programmes on TV, but others present scientific wonders simply as magic, without explaining them or showing how they fit into the framework of scientific ideas. Producers of television science programmes should realize that they have a responsibility to educate the public, not just entertain it.The world today is filled with dangers, hence the sick joke that the reason we have not been contacted by an alien civilization is that civilizations tend to destroy themselves when theyreach our stage. But I have sufficient faith in the good sense of the public to believe that we might prove this wrong.(812 words)New Words and Expressionsattitude n. 看法；态度likely a. probable 可能的 ad. probably 可能privileged a. having a special advantage 有特权的privilege n. 特权minority n. 少数do without 没有…而设法对付过去highly ad. very 很，非常risky a. full of danger; full of the possibility of failure, loss, etc. 危险的；有风险的nasty a. very unpleasant 令人难受的brutish a. 野兽般的，野蛮的anyway ad. (used to change the subject of a conversation or to support an idea or argument) anyhow 不管怎么说put/turn the clock back 倒退，开倒车cut off :stop providing (sth.); remove (sth.) by cutting 切断，中断；切下，剪下competition n. 竞争；比赛bring about :make (sth.) happen 引起，导致technology n. 技术moreover ad. 而且，再者inquiring a. showing an interest in knowing about things 好问的，爱探索的inquire v. 询问global a. worldwide, of the whole earth 世界的，全球的suppress▲ vt. keep from appearing 抑制；压制initiative n. 首创精神；主动inventiveness n. 发明才能，创造力slow down :make slower 减慢rate n. 速度；比率ensure vt. make sure 保证，确保democratic a. 民主的informed a. 有知识的，了解情况的；明智的inform vt. 告诉，通知expert n. 专家at the moment :now 此刻，目前in two minds 犹豫不决；三心二意steady a. constant; firm 平稳的；稳定的evident a. clear, obvious 明显的cartoon n. 漫画；动画片element n. 成分；元素astronomy▲ n. 天文学audience n. 观众；听众；读者series n. 连续；系列；系列节目fiction n. 小说；虚构harness vt. control and make use of 驾驭；利用background n. 背景acid a., n. 酸（性的）；酸味的（物质）greenhouse n. 温室nuclear a. 原子核的；核心的weapon n. 武器genetic▲ a. 基因的；遗传（学）的engineering n. 工程；工程学basis n. 基础lie in :exist or be found in 在于rote n. 死记硬背learn by rote 死记硬背地学习relevance n. 相关，关联in terms of 从…方面（或角度）来说；按照，根据equation n. 等式，方程（式）brief a. short; quick 简洁的；短暂的accurate a. exact 准确的，精确的mathematical a. 数学的halve vt. 将…减半tend vi. be likely to happen or have a particular characteristic or effect 倾向，趋向in the form of :having the shape of; existing in a particular form 呈…的形状；以…形式precise a. exact 精确的qualitative a. 定性的；性质上的grasp n. understanding 掌握，了解concept n. 概念sufficient a. as much as is needed, enough 充分的，足够的convey vt. make (ideas, feelings, etc.) known to another 传达；表达diagram n. 图表；图解framework n. 框架；结构molecular a. 分子的biology n. 生物学transistor n. 晶体管；晶体管收音机put across :cause to be understood 解释清楚，使被理解proportion n. 比例；部分truly ad. 真正地；确实地magic n. 魔术；魔力fit into :be part of a situation, system, etc.；be part of a group of people or things 适合；符合；属于responsibility n. 责任educate vt. teach or train 教育entertain vt. give pleasure to; have as a guest 给…以欢乐；招待hence ad. as a result, therefore; from this time 因此；从此contact vt. get in touch with 及…接触alien▲ a. foreign; strange 外国的；陌生的civilization n. 文明Proper NamesStephen Hawking 斯蒂芬·霍金Einstein 爱因斯坦（1879—1955,美籍德国理论物理学家）全新版大学英语综合教程第一册 Unit4Unit 4 American DreamPart I Pre-reading TaskListen to the recording two or three times and then think over the following questions:1. According to Dr. Hertz, what did the American Dream mean to his grandparents?2. In Dr. Hertz's opinion, who wants people to believe in the American Dream? Why?3. Why does Dr. Hertz say the American Dream is in one's head and in one's pocket?4. What do you understand by the American Dream?The following words in the recording may be new to you:poverty n. 贫穷advertising n. 广告宣传Part IIText AThe American Dream means different things to different people. But for many, particularly immigrants, it means the opportunity to make a better life for themselves. For them the dream is that talent and hard work can take you from log cabin to White House. Tony Trivisonno did not rise quite so high, yet he managed to make his own dream come true.TONY TRIVISONNO'S AMERICAN DREAMFrederick C. CrawfordHe came from a rocky farm in Italy, somewhere south of Rome. How or when he got to America, I don't know. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage. He was about five-foot-seven or eight, and thin."I mow your lawn," he said. It was hard to comprehend his broken English.I asked him his name. "Tony Trivisonno," he replied. "I mow your lawn." I told Tony that I couldn't afford a gardener."I mow your lawn," he said again, then walked away. I went into my house unhappy. Yes, these Depression days were difficult, but how could I to turn away a person who had come to me for help? When I got home from work the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the garden weeded, and the walks swept. I asked my wife what had happened."A man got the lawn mower out of the garage and worked on the yard," she answered. "I assumed you had hired him."I told her of my experience the night before. We thought it strange that he had not asked for。
全新版大学英语综合教程Unit1、2重点词汇
《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 1 Test Aoff and on 断断续续地，有时take hold 生根，确立associate 使联系起来，使联想turn out 编写，制作agony (身心的)极度痛苦assign 分配，分派anticipate预期期望tedious乏味的，冗长的reputation 名声，名誉inspire激励，鼓舞formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的rigid一成不变的，严格的out of date过时的severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的tackle处理，应付distribute分发，分配，分送finally最终，终于face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan浏览，粗略地看extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序image形象，印象，（图）像vivid生动的，逼真的recall回想起，回忆起respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的put down写下compose创作turn in交（作业）command命令，指令what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免career生涯，事业，职业《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 1 Test Baward授予，给予maintain保持，维持look forward to盼望participate in参加compare to相比，比得上plus（常置于被修饰词后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上here and there 各处resign顺从，听任，辞职make it办成，做到，赶上regarding关于，至于represent代表，象征expectation期待，预期significance意义，意思delicate脆弱的，柔软的drag拖着脚步走exception例外tremble颤抖，哆嗦yell叫喊innocent天真无邪的，清白的pat轻拍《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 4 Test Aturn away拒绝帮忙，不让...进入assume假设，以为work out制定出，解决，算出weekly每周的，一周一次的clean up打扫，清除do with对待，处理determination决心，决定personnel人事部门，全体人员，全体职员capacity能力，才能precision精密，精确（性）turn down拒绝skilled熟练的，有技巧的，技术性的for sale待售wreck残破物，（尤指失事船只，飞机等的）残骸call on拜访loan借，贷，贷款character（人的）品德，品质，性格discard抛弃confidence信心diet日常饮食send for派人去叫，召唤，派人去取hunt寻找，打猎，猎取property（房）地产，财产sometime某个时候sponsor为...做保证人，主办，发起，保证人，主办人，发起人pass away去世check on检查，调查，察看handle管理，处理，操纵principle信条，原则，原理above all最重要的是giant巨大的，巨人balance平衡，余额《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 4 Test Billegal不合法的，违法的immigrant（外来）移民，移民的，移入的put up with忍受，容忍in search of寻找supervise监督，指导temporary暂时的，临时的response回答，反应risk冒...的危险，（使）遭受危险，危险，风险acquire（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，获得，学到make（both）ends meet勉强维持生计，使收支相抵environment环境，周围状况stand a chance of有...的希望，有...的可能prospect前景，预期，展望reserve保留，储备，预订rare稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的former以前的，早先的，旧时的quit停止，放弃deserve应受，应得，值得impress给...深刻的印象，使钦佩show up来到，露面《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 6 Test Amake one’s way走去grand宏伟的，壮丽的absorb完全吸收住...的注意，吸收margin页边空白reflect反映，显示thoughtful深思的，体贴的previous早先的，先前的locate找到...的位置，使坐落于correspond通信overseas去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）fertile肥沃的，富饶的bud发芽，萌芽，（枝叶的）芽，花蕾take a chance (on sth)碰运气，冒险disgust使厌烦，使反感whichever无论哪个或哪些sustain支持，使（努力等）持续下去，保持slim苗条的，细小的，微小的go sb’s way与某人同路more than a little很，非常thrust挤入，插入，猛推split（使）裂开，破裂keen强烈的，热切的sensible通情达理的，理智的glow光亮，光辉hesitate踌躇，犹豫grip握紧，紧握identify识别grateful感激的be grateful to(sb)for(sth) 为某事感激某人broaden（使）变宽，（使）扩大wisdom智慧，明智in response to作为对...的回应《大学英语综合教程》第一册Unit 6 Test Bcome across偶然遇见，碰上make out辨认出hope for希望，期待clue线索identify身份other than除了exchange交换，互换match up to与...一样好，比得上lead线索for sure毫无疑问security治安保卫，安全，安全感goodness天哪relief轻松，宽慰be in love with (sb) 热恋着（某人）come to an end结束adjust校准，调准catch up on (sth) 事后了解关于...的情况，弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）knot（绳等的）结erect挺直的，直立的《大学英语综合教程》第二册Unit 1Test Aattach系，贴，链接not in the least 一点也不find one`s way 到达，进入，流入phenomenon 现象initial 开始的，最初的assist帮助insert插入，嵌入somewhat有点，稍微await等待等候occasion时刻场合on occasion 有时间或neglect忽视relevant有关的切题的investigate 调查探究throw light on（提供信息）帮助理解desirable值得向往的称心的accomplish完成某事in due course 到时候在适当的时候critical至关重要的危急的principal主要的首要的make up for 补偿；弥补creative独创的in retrospect回顾performance行为表现表演演出continual不断的；一再重复的apply适用申请work on/at从事priority优先考虑的事；重点bold勇敢的大胆的departure背离出发离开evolve（使）逐步发展summarize总结概述contrast差异对比promote促进推进emerge出现pick up获得学会enormous巨大的极大的exaggerate夸大夸张valid有根据的worthwhile值得的superior优良的较好的《大学英语综合教程》第二册Unit1Test Baccount账，账户描述记述furthermore此外而且intend打算swallow吞下吞没devise想出设计resource财力资源keep track of跟上。
大学综合教程2英语教材笔记
大学综合教程2英语教材笔记第一章：Introduction to English本章主要介绍英语的起源、历史以及其在世界范围内的使用情况。
英语作为一种全球通用语言，对于大学生而言具有重要的学习和应用价值。
- 英语的起源与演变：英语起源于古英语，经历了中古英语和现代英语的发展阶段。
从盎格鲁-撒克逊人到如今的英语国家，英语逐渐成为全球交流的重要工具。
- 英语的国际地位：英语作为联合国的官方语言之一，广泛应用于商务、科技、文化等领域，是国际交流和合作必备的语言之一。
- 英语的变体：英语有着不同的变体，如英式英语和美式英语，它们在发音、词汇以及语法方面存在差异。
第二章：Vocabulary Expansion本章旨在帮助学生扩展词汇量，提高英语表达的准确性和多样性。
通过积累更多的词汇，学生能够在听、说、读、写的各方面表达得更加自如。
- 词汇分类：词汇可以分为基础词汇和高级词汇，学生需要从基础词汇开始逐渐扩展到高级词汇，同时要注重词汇的用法和搭配。
- 词根与词缀：学习词根和词缀能够帮助学生理解和记忆单词，加深对单词之间关联的理解。
- 词汇学习方法：学生可通过词汇卡片、词汇表、词汇记忆软件等工具进行词汇学习，同时通过阅读、写作等方法进行实际应用。
第三章：Reading Skills本章旨在提高学生的阅读理解能力，培养学生对于英文文章的理解和分析能力，帮助学生更好地应对大学阅读任务。
- 预测和猜测：在阅读过程中，学生可以通过标题、关键词等信息对文章的内容进行预测和猜测，以便更有针对性地进行阅读。
- 上下文推断：通过上下文的语境来推断词义和句意，帮助学生理解难点单词和句子的含义。
- 阅读速度和技巧：适当掌握阅读速度，并运用扫读、略读等技巧，可以提高阅读效率和准确性。
第四章：Listening Skills本章着重培养学生的听力理解能力，通过大量的听力材料训练，提高学生的听力水平，并帮助学生更好地应对听力考试。
- 听力题型理解：学生需要熟悉和掌握常见的听力题型，如听力选择题、填空题、笔记整理等。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程Unit笔记
读写译（二）Unit 1 笔记1. in the late 1960s 20世纪60年代后期in the early 1960s ……初期in the mid-1960s = in the middle ofthe 1960s ……中期2. culture n. 文化cultural a. 文化的cultured a. 有文化的，有教养的3. debut [‘deibu:] a. 第一次的debut album 首张唱片4. be in tune with the time 适合时代潮流be out of tune with…与……格格不入in tune 和调—out of tune 跑调，走调change one’s tune 改变态度dance to one’s tune 亦步亦趋5. be an instant hit 轰动一时make a hit 获得成功6. seek-sought-sought7. code n. 密码，代码post code 邮编；规则；法典，法规8. live by 靠……生活live on 靠……生活；以…为食feed on；继续活下去go on living（on的本义）live with = put up with 忍受，容忍live through度过~ a hard time ；经受live out （比预期）多活了（几天）e.g. The patient lived out another 2 days .；住在外面live up to 实践，做到，不辜负~one’s expectation 不辜负某人的盼望live high 过奢侈生活Live and learn. 活到老，学到老。
As I live,……表强调，的确indeed , really9. survey （n. 重音在前v. 重音在后）调查；眺望，俯视convey v. 传达，运送conveyance n.10. curriculum=course 课程11. the way to do = the way of doingthe method of doingthe approach to doing (best)12. educator n. 教育工作者educationist=educationalist教育工作者，教育家13. rather than ①而不是instead of = not②而不愿would …rather than …/ preferto …rather than …other than ①除了except②不同于different frome.g. My idea is quite other than yours.14. kindergarten 幼儿园elementary school = primary school = grammar school = grade school 小学（4）middle school = high school = secondary school 中学（3）junior middle / high school 初中senior middle / high school 高中college / university / institute 大学15. not …but …不是…而是…not that …but that …= not because … but because …16. antenna n. 天线article n. 物品，物件parental a. 父母的注意读音17. attach v. fasten or joinattach sth to sthbe attached to 附属，爱慕e.g. I’m greatly attached to my work .attach importance to ……重视an attached middle school 附属中学attachment n.18. initial a. 一方面的of / at the beginning ；首字母的n. 首字母v. 草签（协议）initiate v. 创始，发动createinitiative n. 积极性have the initiative 掌握积极take the initiative in / by doing 带头做(do sth) on one’s own initiative = actively 积极地19. on occasion 有时= now and then = occasionallyon the occasion of 在……之际e.g. on the occasion of (= at)sb’s wedding / partyon one occasion = once 一次on many occasions 很多次take the occasion to do借此机会（官腔）20. a wedding ring 结婚戒指an engagement ring 订婚戒指21. neglect n.v. 忽视neglect to doneglect one’s meals and sleep废寝忘食beneglectful ofCF: neglect, ignore, omitneglect （心上）对职责，义务的忽视neglect one’s duties 玩忽职守neglect traffic regulations 违反交规ignore （眼上）故意不理睬，置之不理ignorance n. ignorant a.pay attention of = take notice of 注意omit 失误，疏忽，删除22. 以–mit 结尾的动词变为名词变化形式常类似 e.g. permit –permission admit –admission omit –omission 23. not in the least = not at all = not a bit一点也不not a little = very 许多24. relevant a. 有关的，相关relatedbe relevant to 反义irrelevant relevance(cy) n. have relevance to25. case 案件evidence u. proof c. 证据26. investigate vt. vi. investigate into investigator n. 调查员investigation n. on investigation 通过调查under investigation 在调查中make an investigation on / of / into做关于……的调查No investigation , no right to speak .没有调查就没有发言权。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 2 课堂笔记
Before Reading >> English Song –That’s What Friends Are ForI. Introductory RemarksJust what are friends for? To have fun with, of course, to share in the good times. Yet most people would say that a real friend is more than just a fair-weather friend. A fair-weather friend?A fair-weather friend is someone who's happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives, while a good friend, a true friend, is one who'll stand by you when you find yourself in difficulties. Th at’s certainly what the song is about. As they tell each other … So let's listen to them as they sing the song.II. That’s What Friends Are ForListen to the song and fill in the blanks with what you hear.And I never thought I’d feel this wayAnd as far as I’m concernedI’m glad I got the chance to sayThat I do believe I love youAnd if I should ever go awayWell, then close your eyes and tryTo feel the way we do todayAnd then if you can rememberKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forFor good times and bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forWell, you came and opened meAnd now there’s so much more I seeAnd so by the way, I thank youAnd then for the times we’re apartWell, then close your eyes and knowThese words are coming from my heartAnd then if you can rememberKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forIn good times and bad timesI’ll b e on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s what friends are forFor good times and bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningKnowing you can always count on meFor sure, that’s w hat friends are forFor good times and for bad timesI’ll be on your side forevermoreThat’s what friends are forCount on me, for sureCount on me, for sureCount on me, for sureT hat’s what friends are forKeep smiling, keep shiningIII. Questions and Answers1. What is a fair-weather friend?(One who is happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives.)2. Do you know anything about the singers?(Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Stevie Wonder and Gladys Knight.Dionne WarwickDionne Warwick was a pop and R&B (Rhythm and Blues, 节奏蓝调音乐) music star of the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1980s she worked jointly with Elton John, Gladys Knight and Stevie Wonder on the Grammy-winning single That’s What Friends Are For, a fundraiser for AIDS victims. Elton JohnElton John (1947~), an English rock composer, singer and pianist, is one of rock music’s durable (持久的) performers. He played the piano by ear from age four, and studied at the Royal Academy of Music at 11. The top pop star of the 1970s, his performance was featured by wild eyeglasses and outlandish (奇异的) costumes on the stage. Despite health problems in 1993 he continues to perform live across the world, mostly on the softer side these days.His latest success includes the best-selling sound track for The Lion King (1994), a Disney film. And the recording of Candle in the Wind 97, sung at the funeral of Princess Diana, became the largest-selling single in history within a month of its release (发行). He was knighted (授予爵士称号) in 1998.)3. According to the song, what are friends for?(For both good times and bad times.)4. How can friend and friendship be defined?(Friend Definition A:A friend is one to whom one may pour out all the contents of one’s heart, chaff (谷壳)and grain together, knowing that gentle hands will take and sift (筛，过滤) them, keep what is worth keeping, and with a breath of kindness, blow the rest away.— George Eliot (1819~1880), English novelist Friend Definition B:A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him, I may think aloud.— Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803~1882),American poet and philosopher Friend Definition C:A true friend is one who overlooks your failures and tolerates your successes.— Doug Larson (1902~1981),English middle-distance runner Friendship Definition A:True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.— Charles Caleb Colton (1780~1832),English author and clergyman Friendship Definition B:Friendship is a ship big enough to carry two in fair weather, but only one in foul (天气恶劣的).— Ambrose Bierce (1842~1914),American author and journalist,from The Devil’s Dictionary Friendship Definition C:Friendship is a treasure that always helps us overcome any kind of difficulty. Friendship is a comfort which always understands worries and emotions. Friendship is a blessing because it teaches the way to live.— Unknown) 5. Can you give some examples of great friendship?(Marx and EngelsMarx valued Engels’ friendship so highly that he once said he loved and admired his friend very much. Engels had been aiding Marx who suffered greatly from bitter poverty. Were it not for the help Marx obtained from Engels, Marx would hardly have been able to overcome poverty and he surely would not have left behind him a monument.Qu Qiubai and Lu XunQu Qiubai was one of CPC’s pri ncipal leaders in the early period. Under the persecution (迫害)of Wang Ming, one of the CPC’s early leaders, Qu was dismissed from his important posts in the CPC Central Committee. But he soon took an active part in the struggles launched by theleft-wing cultural front, together with Lu Xun, in Shanghai. During the two years of joint work , they became true friends.)Before Reading >> Background InformationHalloweenHalloween is celebrated annually. It is on the night of 31 October, when people once believed that ghosts could be seen. Now, in Britain and America, it is a time when children have parties, dress up as witches, make lanterns out of pumpkins from which the inside has been remo ved, and play “trick or treat”.“Trick or treat” is a traditional activity at Halloween. Children dress in costumes and visit houses. At each house they say “Trick or treat”. This means that they will play a “trick”, or joke, on the people in the house unless they are given a “treat”, e.g. sweets or money. Most people prefer to give treats rather than having tricks played on them.Before Reading >> Word WebThe stories in this unit are about friendship. Write down five words which you would use if you were writing a poem on this subject.(durable, long-standing, enduring, lifelong, genuine, help, generous, everlasting, intimate, close, warm, trust, perpetual)Before Reading >> Topic-related Prediction1. Text A is titled All the Cabbie Had Was a Letter. Before you read the story, think about the answers to the following questions.- What does a cabbie do?- What is a letter used for?- Who wrote the letter to the cabbie?- Why was all the cabbie had only a letter?2. Read the last sentence of Text A and try to guess what the story is about.When I got to my hotel room I didn’t unpack right away. First I had to write a letter — and mail it.3. Read Text A as quickly as possible, and find out if you are right. Can you summarize the story with three sentences?Key words: lost in thought; read a letter; an old friend; lifelong friendship; regret; author decidedBefore Reading >> Warm-up Questions1. Do you often write letters to your friends?2. Did you ever write a letter which was not sent? Why did you keep it?Global Reading >> ScanningScan Text A and decide which of the following statements is the theme.1. One should keep in touch with his friends.2. Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend.3. A true friend will stand by you forever.4. Late is better than never.(Never delay expressing your true feelings to a friend.)Global Reading >> Group Discussion1. The following questions are what the narrator asked the cab driver. Put them in the right order.1) Did you go to school together?2) The letter must have made you feel good, didn’t it?3) Is your cab available?4) Is he someone you’ve known quite a while?5) Is he dead?6) I thought your friend was Ed. Why did he sign it Tom?7) Is the letter from a child or a grandchild?8) Did you two work at the same place?(3 — 7 — 4 — 1 — 5 — 8 — 2 — 6)2. What were the cabbie’s responses to these questions?3. The narrator thought that the cabbie had received a letter from a friend named Ed. Which round of question-and-answer in the text leads to the misunderstanding?(The second round: “Is the letter from a child or a grandchild?”“No. Ed was my oldest friend.”)Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 True or False1. The driver caught a cold that day. (F)(He had just cried.)2. The driver had never seen Ed in the past 25 or 30 years. (F)(He had only seen him once or twice a year.)3. The driver had never forgotten his old friend. (T)4. The narrator was quite eager to read the letter.(F)(He thought it was very personal.)II. For Part 2 & 3 Question and Answers1. What did the driver and Ed use to do before they got married?(They went to school and passed time together.)2. What did the narrator mean by saying the first sentence in the letter reminded him of himself? (He often postponed writing to his friends.)3. Who wrote the letter? Who did the narrator think had written the letter? Find out sentences that demonstrate the narrator’s misunderstanding.(The driver wrote the letter. The narrator thought that Ed had written the letter. For example, “I know I’d like to receive a letter like that from my oldest friend.”)4. What did the narrator decide to do when he arrived at the hotel? Why?(He decided to write a letter and mail it immediately bec ause he wouldn’t wait until it was too late.)Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.He sounded as if he had a cold or something. (Para. 2)What can we infer from this sentence?(This sentence implies the sad state of mind the taxi driver was in.)2.At l east they do with me because I’m on the road so much. (Para. 5)Paraphrase the sentence.(At least letters from home mean a lot to me because I travel a lot for long distances.)3.It might just as well have been family. (Para. 6)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(也可以算是一家人。
大一英语综合教程1知识点
大一英语综合教程1知识点大一英语综合教程1是大学英语课程中的核心教材之一，通过学习这门课程，学生们可以掌握英语基础知识，提高听说读写能力。
本文将介绍大一英语综合教程1中的重要知识点，包括词汇、语法、听力和阅读等方面。
一、词汇知识点1. 同义词：在学习词汇时，我们需要注意一些常见的同义词。
例如，happy和glad都表示“快乐”的意思，但在使用时有一些细微区别。
('glad' usually suggests a temporary happiness about a particular event, whereas 'happy' suggests a general sense of well-being or contentment.)2. 前缀和后缀：掌握常用的前缀和后缀可以帮助我们更好地识别单词的词义。
例如，dis-表示否定，un-也表示否定，如dislike和unhappy。
二、语法知识点1. 时态：时态是英语语法中的重要概念，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
掌握各种时态的用法是进行有效语言交流的关键之一。
2. 从句：从句是一个句子中的一部分，可以作为名词、形容词或副词的一个补充。
了解从句的类型和使用方法有助于提高阅读和写作的能力。
三、听力知识点1. 听力技巧：在进行听力理解时，我们需要掌握一些有效的技巧。
例如，注意关键词、听清说话人的语调和语速以及根据上下文推断出正确答案等。
2. 笔记记法：在听力过程中，我们可以采用不同的记笔记方法来帮助我们更好地理解和记忆所听到的内容。
例如，可以使用简化的符号或图标来记录主要信息。
四、阅读知识点1. 阅读技巧：提高阅读能力的关键在于掌握一些有效的技巧，如快速浏览文章、注意关键词、遇到生词时运用上下文推测词义等。
2. 阅读理解题型：了解不同类型的阅读理解题型及其解题方法对于提高阅读能力和应试能力都是非常重要的。
英语专业《综合教程》一、二册笔记整理
综合英语第一、二册词汇分类整理第一册：重点单词+一词多义1．Hand in hand:1. 手拉手2. 紧密相连：Theory and practice must go hand in hand.2．Manner: （注意manner的作单复数时不同的意思）mannered 矫揉造作的；矫饰的；不自然的1．[singular]: 方法；方式：in a/the manner 2. （言行的）方式：aggressive manner; 3. 种类：all manner of sth 各种各样的人（或物）；(as) to the manner born自然而然地；in the manner of= in the style of以…风格3. [plural]: 1.礼貌；规矩：good/bad manners; have no manners= behave badly 没有礼貌2．(某个人群的)风俗；习惯；Middle-class manners3．Appreciation/appreciate1.感激；感谢[U] in appreciation of : The award is given in appreciation of her huge contribution to the film business.2.理解；体会；明白There is a growing appreciation of the need for environmental reform3.欣赏；赏识4. 涨价；增值4. Cherish 1.怀念: cherish the memory of those happy times; 2. 关爱；爱护3. 珍爱；珍视：a cherished dream/hope/memory5. Infectious 1.传染性的2. (心情、行动)有感染力的；有影响力的：His enthusiasm was infectious.6．Jolt 1.震动；颠簸：The bus jolted to a stop. 2.使震惊；使惊醒：The alarm jolted me out of a deep sleep.7. Bolt [n] 1.（门或窗的）金属插销2.螺栓a bolt from/out of the blue:大出意外的事；晴天霹雳[v]（用螺栓）把…钉在一起：bolt sth to sth8. Scramble：1. [i] +over/up/down/out of etc 爬；攀登scramble to your feet 匆匆站起身2[i] 争抢；争夺+for/ scramble to do sth 3.炒蛋：Scrambled eggs9. confidence/confident/confidential1.confidence: 1.信心+in2.信任；信赖+in3.信心；把握4.秘密：gain/g et sb’s confidence 赢得某人的信任；in confidence秘密地；私下里2. confident in the knowledge that：确保You can go out, confident in the knowledge that your house is safe.10. skim :[v]1.撇去（液体面上的浮物）+off : Skim the fat off the soup. 2.(使) 在表面上方快速移动In the distance, water skiers skimmed across/over the bay；The children are skimming stone on the lake. 3.浏览；略读+through11. steer :steer sth away from/towards/into/through etc sth 1. 掌舵；驾驶2.引领；引导3.影响；引导He steered the country through a transitional period to elections；steer sb to victory=help someone win 帮助某人取得成功；steer a course:1.遵循：They tried to steer a middle course between overconfidence and undue pessimism. 2.朝着…前进steer a course for…12．Smash: 1.用力打破；打碎2.粉碎，捣毁（组织等）；击败；击溃：The government would take whatever necessary action to smash the rebellion by separatist guerillas. 13．Bond 1.联系；关系+between: The trade agreement strengthened the bond between the two countries. 2.公债；债券a government/Treasury bond; 3.契约；合同4.（郑重的）许诺；保证：my word is my bond 我的话像契约一样可靠；我一定会履行诺言 5.bonds: 枷锁=shackle；束缚物：She longs to escape from the bonds of children and housework.14.affect 1.影响；身体上的伤害；感情上的打动affecting；震动2. 假装；佯装She affected a look of disinterest as she glanced at his newspaper.15.plague~epidemic/pandemic/:1.瘟疫；传染病2. [singular]普遍的祸害: the plague of violence in America today 3. (动物或昆虫)无限制的大量滋长；泛滥：A plague of journalists surrounded around the superstar. [vt]:给…造成长期的灾祸；长期困扰：The children plagued him with questions.16.conformist 1.[adj] 墨守成规的；因循守旧的2.[n]墨守成规的人，因循守旧的人17. distinction 1.差别；不同make/dra w a distinction between… 2.优秀；卓越；杰出：of (great) distinction; He is a writer of high distinction. 3.声誉；特征；特点;Have/hold/gain the distinction of : She holds the distinction of being the first woman editor of the Harvard Law Review.18.distinct 1.不同的；单独的：They were classified into two distinct groups; as distinct from: The Company, as distinct from its shareholders, should be liable for any debts. 2.清晰的；清楚的；明显的：As dawn broke, the outline of a building became distinct against the sky. 3.[usually before noun]确实的；显著的：I had the distinct impression that he did not like me.19.stature 1.身高He will be taller than his father when he reaches his full stature. 2. 名望；威望: Gain/grow/rise in stature20. fragment 1.[n]碎片:fragments of glass 2.[v]（使）破碎；（使）分裂Fragmentation（含抽象意味）;[n]破碎；破裂；分裂~ of the Soviet Union21．Polar 1.极地的2.截然不同的：The novel deals with the polar opposites of the love and hate.22.integrate1.使融入；使打成一片：integrate sb into sth 2.使结合；使成为一体:integrate sth into/with sth 3.使取消种族隔离Integrated:融合的；整体的；综合的；互相协调的~team 2.无种族隔离的Integration 1. 融合；融入：+into 2.种族融合：the ~ of school 3.结合；融合；整合：+of/with/intoIntegrity 1.正直；诚实：maintain/preserve your integrity; question/doubt sb’s integrity; professional/artistic/political integrity 2.完整；完全：defend the new state’s territori al integrity23.spectrum 1.系列；范围；幅度wide/broad spectrum=a large range: The course covers a wide spectrum of musical activity from opera to rock 2. 光谱3. 频率24.capacity 1.能力;：capacity to do/for sth；2.身份in a professional/personal/advisory etc capacity；in your capacity as :I attended in my capacity as chairman of the safety committee.3.容量；容积；容纳力1.The seating capacity of the theater is 5,000. 2.The hall was filled/full to capacity.25.discipline [n]1.纪律；惩罚：Impose discipline/maintain discipline 2.自控能力；自制力：Their attention wandered and they lacked the discipline to learn. 3.训练方法：Studyinga foreign language is a good discipline for mind. 4.（尤指大学的）学科；科目[v]1.惩罚；处罚：The strikers were disciplined by management. 2.discipline yourself:约束自己26.conscious:1.意识到；注意到~ of doing sth/~that 2.神志清醒的；有知觉的3.慎重的；有意的；刻意的~decision/effort 4.特别感兴趣的；关注的：Environmentally-conscious27.refine: 1. 精炼；提纯：refined sugar 2. 改善；改进；使精炼：refine one’s manners28.reflection；1. 映像：He admired his reflection in the mirror. 2. （声、光、热等的）反射3. 反映；显示；表达：The increase in crime is a sad reflection on（=shows sth bad about）our society. 4.沉思；深思；审慎的思考：She decided on reflection to accept his offer after all.29. induce : 1. 劝说；诱使induce sb to do sth 2.引起；导致=cause or produce, result in, bring about, entail : Drugs which induce sleep30. Persist 1. 顽强地坚持；执着地做~ in sth/in doing sth/with sth ; 2.维持；保持；持续；存在：If the pain persists, consult a doctor.31．Vision 1.视力；视野：good/perfect/poor/blurred/normal vision; 2.想象；幻想3. 想象力；眼力；远见卓识=foresight: a leader of foresight Visionary 1.有眼力的；远见卓识的2. 梦幻的；（尤指）宗教异象的；神示的32．Vain≈futile1. 徒劳的；枉然的；in the vain hope/in a vain attempt to do/in vain; 2.自负的；自视过高的: She is too vain to wear glasses.33. Given : 1.[adj]已经安排好的；规定的：They were to meet at a given time and place. Be given to sth/to doing sth: 经常做；习惯于；2.[prep]考虑到；鉴于Given his age, he is remarkably active. Given that: It was surprising the government was re-elected, given that they had raised taxes so much.34. moral [adj]1. 道德的：a moral issue/dilemma/question 2.道义上的；道德上的：moral responsibility/duty 3.品行端正的；有道德的4.能辨别是非的：Children are not naturally moral beings. Take/claim/seize the moral high ground声称自己的论点在道义上占优势[n]1.品行；道德2. 寓言：The moral of the fable is that honesty is always the best policy.35. scarcely [adv]1.几乎不：I can ~ believe what’s hap pened. 2.才；仅仅:We had~ driven a mile when the car broke down. 3.决不；一定不:I can scarcely refuse to help after all he’s done for me.36.conviction 1.定罪；判罪：previous conviction; 2.坚定的信仰；信念；3.深信；确信：lack conviction（缺乏信心）；not carry conviction（没有说服力）37. nest 1.鸟巢2.+of 一套；一组: a nest of table38. off 1.离开；走开：be off/be off to; off/on course 偏离/在正确航线；航向2.从…（顶部或表面）离开：keep/stay off the grass 3.不上课；不工作；休息：be off 4.off and on/on and off 有时；间或；断断续续39．Distant 1. 在远处的：in the not too distant future:在不久的将来；Distant memory 遥远的记忆；the dim and distant past:很久以前；遥远的过去；Keep a respectful distance 敬而远之；2疏远的；不友好的；冷淡的； 3. 恍惚的；心不在焉的；4.远亲的；远房的 a distant relative40.somehow:1.以某种方法：somehow or other:不管怎么样；2.由于某种未知的原因41．Lean 1.清瘦而健康的；2.倚靠：lean against/on sth 3.有（选择或支持某事物的）倾向:lean in the direction of sth; lean on sb 依靠某人；leaning towards对…的倾向；爱好；偏爱42．Extend 1.提供；给予；（向某人）表示（欢迎、感谢、同情）extend sth to sth 2.涉及（范围；延伸（距离）延续（时间）；Rain is expected to extend to all parts of the country. The desert extends for miles.Extension/extent: 1.This kidnapping shows an _extension_ of terrorist activity to innocent children. 2. This kidnapping shows the _extent_ of terrorist activity which has got innocent children involved.43. Identify: 1.indentify sb as sth:1.辨认；确认;2.是…的标志；显示出；2.identify with sb体会（某人）的思想感情；理解并同情（某人）的感受：He didn’t seem to be able to identify with ordinary people and their aspirations. 3.be identified with sb/sth把某人或某物联系在一起4.identify sth with sth 认为…和…一致；将…等同于44.ground [v]1.使飞机停飞；船只搁浅；2. 罚…呆在家里His parents grounded him for two weeks for smoking.3.使决定、想法建立在…之上，基于：be grounded in/on sth [n]4.理由；原因：on the grounds of: She is suing the company on the ground of unfair dismissal.45.sway [v]1.摇动；摇摆2.影响某人；使改变看法：Sway sb into doing sth 3.[n]hold sway :1.（对人们的观点或行为）有巨大的影响力；2.控制某个区域under sb’s sway:在某人的控制或统治下46．Smear：1.（胡乱地）涂，抹：be smeared with sth 2.玷污；诽谤：≈slur/smash/malign47．Facility 1.[通常用复数]（房间、设备等）设施；2.（工具、制度等的）特点：Have the facility to do sth : The software has the facility to produce high-quality graphics displays.3.（用作某种用途的）区，大楼；4.[单数/U]天赋;技能；技巧：He has a facility for languages.[注]：facility作单数时指场所；作复数时指设施。
新标准大学英语 综合教程1 笔记unit2
New Standard College EnglishAn Integrated Course 1Ye Can’s NoteUnit 2 Food, glorious food!Active Reading 1 The First OysterNew Words, Phrases and Expressions1. glorious: wonderful and extremely enjoyable2. oyster: a large flat shellfish. Some types of oyster can be eaten cooked or uncooked and others produce shiny white jewels called pearls.3. "Nonsense, how do you know you don't like it if you haven't tried it," he reasoned. reason: to form a judgement about a situation by considering the facts and thinking in a logical way.She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.4. Just slide it into your mouth.5. I thought the oyster looked rather nasty.nasty: having a bad appearance, smell, taste etc.6. a French seaside resortresort: a place where a lot of people go for holidays7. the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs, prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other.(1) prawn: a shellfish with ten legs and a long tail, that can be eaten. Prawns turn pink when cooked. (BrE: prawn = AmE: shrimp)(2) shellfish: a sea or water animal that does not have a backbone, but has a shell, and can be eaten as food, such as crabs, lobsters, and oysters.8. my father had decided to take me, his ten-year-old son, to lunch, and to mark an important event in my life, as important to my father as coming of age: my first oyster.come of age: reach adult statusHe’ll inherit the money when he comes of age.9. rock pool: a small pool of water between rocks by the sea. (BrE) (=tide pool AmE)10. juicy bacon sandwichjuicy: containing a lot of juice and good to eatHe ordered a juicy rump steak.11. Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.gloomy: sad and without hope, because you think the situation will not improveI can tell by your gloomy face that the news is bad.12. striking a note of compromiseTo strike a note of something means to speak in a particular manner or tone.compromise: an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the end13. the clear perception14. On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was a battery of implements used to crack the shells, and scrape out every last piece of meat.(1) discard: get rid of sth. because it is uselessdiscard an old pair of shoes / discard old beliefs(2) a battery of: a group of many things or people of the same typea battery of medical tests(3) implement: a tool or instrument, especially a fairly large one with no motor, especially one used for outdoor physical workagricultural implements15. He paused every mouthful and raised his glass. Now and then he waved the oyster at me, teasing me to eat it.(1) mouthful: an amount of food or drink that you put into your mouth at one timeHe took a mouthful of sweet country air.I'm so full I couldn't eat another mouthful.handful: the amount of sth that can be held in one handarmful: a quantity that you can carry in one or both arms(2) now and then: at times, occasionally(3) tease: to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind wayShe used to tease me about my hair.16. I just looked at my empty plate in despair.despair: a feeling that you have no hope at all for the futureDefeat after defeat filled us with despair.17. a silent tear slid down my cheek.slid: pt of slide18. I knew it was all over.19. I took it between a finger and thumb, and held it to my lips.20. I did as I was told.21. The oyster was slippery.slippery: difficult to hold or to stand on or walk on, because it is smooth, wet or greasy.slippery like a fishThe road was slippery after the rain.22. half smilingKey Words1. portionn.(1) a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other partsThe factory represents only a small portion of the company’s interests.The rent on his portion of the apartment was $500 a month.The front portion of the rocket breaks off.(2) an amount of food for one person, especially when served in a restaurantShe cut the cake into six small portions.a huge portion of roast beefHe served generous portions of soup from the pot.(3) a share of something, such as responsibility, blame, or a duty, that is divided between a small number of peopleThe other driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.2. clingv.(1) to stick to someone or something, to fit very tightly on somethingHis wet shirt clung to his body.(2) to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safesurvivors clinging to a raftcling to old ideasShe clung to the hope that her son was not dead.3. perceptionn.(1) the way that you notice things with your senses of sight, hearing etcvisual perceptionHis perception of the change came in a flash.(2) the natural ability to understand or notice things quicklyHis analysis of the problem showed great perception.(3) the way you think about something and your idea of what it is likeParents’ views influence their children’s perceptions of the world.public perception of the police / doctorThere is a general public perception that…4. crackvt./vi.to break or to make something break, either so that it gets lines on its surface, or so that it breaks into piecesHe cracked a couple of eggs into a pan.He has cracked a bone in his arm.Don’t put boiling water in the glass or it will crack.Concrete is liable to crack in very cold weather.Her lips were dry and cracked.5. scrapev.(1) to remove something from a surface by moving sth sharp and hard like a knife across itScrape the carrots and slice them thinly.(2) to rub against a rough surface by accident so that it causes slight damage or hurtI must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car.She fell and scraped her knee.Notes1. district / region / vicinity / area，这一组名词都有“区域”的意思。
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程 第1册 Unit 1 课堂笔记
Before Reading >> English Song –Beautiful BoyI. John Lennoni. A Brief Introduction to John LennonJohn Lennon (1940~1980) was an English rock musician and cofounder of The Beatles, the most lauded and influential rock group of all time.ii. Questions about John Lennon1. Who was John Lennon?2. Which country was he from?3. What was his profession?4. Do you know any songs by him?5. Can you tell us anything about Lennon?iii. Chronology of John Lennon– October 9, 1940Born John Winston Lennon, in Liverpool, England.– September 1957Enrolled at Liverpool College of Art.– August 23, 1962Married college girlfriend Cynthia Powell (divorced 1968).– February 19, 1963Please Please Me reached Number One in the U.K. charts.– February 12, 1964The Beatles started their first U.S. tour.– June 15, 1965The Beatles received MBEs (Member of the Order of the British Empire) from Queen Elizabeth II. – March 14, 1969Married Yoko Ono.– November 25, 1969Lennon returned his MBE in peace protest.– December 8, 1980Shot dead outside his apartment in the Dakota building in New York City. The killer was a crazed fan, Mark Chapman, who had recently obtained Lennon’s autograph(亲笔签名).II. Beautiful BoyLyric:Close your eyesHave no fearThe monster's goneHe’s on the run and your daddy's hereBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBefore you go to sleepSay a little prayerEvery day in every wayIt's getting better and betterBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyOut of the ocean sailing awayI can hardly waitTo see you come of ageBut I guess we'll both just have to be patient ’Cause it’s a long way to goA had row to howYes it’s a long way to goBut in the meantimeBefore you cross the streetTake my handLife is what happens to youWhile you’re busy making other plansBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyBefore you go to sleepSay a little prayerEvery day in every wayIt's getting better and betterBeautiful, beautiful, beautifulBeautiful boyDarling, darling, darlingDarling SeanIII. Questions about the Song and the Texts1. In your opinion, what is the song Beautiful Boy going to tell us?2. What does Lennon think of growing up? Is it easy or full of adventures?3. Can you guess what the texts in this unit are going to be about?Before Reading >> SpaghettiI. DefinitionSpaghetti is the Italian-style thin noodle, cooked by boiling and served with sauce. Unlike some Chinese noodles, it is not served in soup and will never taste pulpy (软乎乎、没有嚼劲的).II. Listen and PracticeRead the words given below and then listen to the passage. After listening to the passage, one student is required to come up and show the right way of eating spaghetti before the class.The Right Way of Eating Spaghetti1. Hold the fork in your hand as if to poke the spaghetti.2. Scoop up a small amount of spaghetti on your fork and raise itabout 30cm above your plate. 3. Make sure the spaghetti on your fork is completely disconnectedfrom the remainder on your plate. 4. Put the prongs of the fork at an edge of the plate that is free offood. 5. Quickly point the prongs of the fork straight down toward theplate and place the points on the plate. 6. Twirl the fork to gather the spaghetti around the prongs.7. With a quick scooping movement, gather up the roll around the prongs and place it in yourmouth.8. Gently gather up any stray spaghetti ends that don’t make it all the way into your mouth.Before Reading >> The American Educational SystemIn the United States, education is the responsibility of individual states, not of the federal government, so requirements may vary from one state to another. The following is a generalization:- kindergarten: under 5 years old- elementary / primary school (grades 1~6): 6~11 years old- junior high / middle school (grades 7~8): 12~13 years old- senior / high school (grades 9~12): 14~17 years old - college, institute, academy (学院), universityGlobal Reading >> ScanningScan Text A and find out all the time words, phrases and clauses.Key:since my childhood in Belleville (Para. 1)until my third year in high school (Para. 1)until then (Para. 1)when our class was assigned to Mr. Fleagle for third-year English (Para. 2)late in the year (Para. 3)until the night before the essay was due (Para. 3)when I finished (Para. 6)next morning (Para. 6)two days passed (Para. 6)when I saw him lift my paper from his desk ... (Para. 6) when Mr. Fleagle finished (Para. 9) Global Reading >> Part Division of the TextGlobal Reading >> Further UnderstandingI. For Part 1 True or False1. Baker had never thought of becoming a writer until he was in the eleventh grade. (F)(As a child in Belleville, he had thought of becoming a writer from time to time.)2. Teachers found it painful to read students’ long and lifeless essays. (T)3. Before Mr. Fleagle became the English teacher for Baker’s class, the English course had been interesting. (F)(From the words “another cheerless year” we can see the English course had been quite boring.)4. In Baker’s opinion, Mr. Fleagle was really a formal, rigid and out-of-date teacher only because of Fleagle’s manner of speaking. (F)(Besides the manner of speaking, Fleagle’s appearance and dress also showed that he was a dull and rigid teacher.)II. For Part 2 Multiple ChoiceChoose the best answer to complete the sentence.1. At first, Baker thought Mr. Fleagle’s English course was ___________. (B)A. interestingB. dullC. hopefulD. attractive2. In Baker’s opinion, the title of the composition “What I Did on My Summer Vacation” was _________. (D)A. dullB. unfruitfulC. difficultD. foolish and dull3. Baker liked to write a com position with the title “The Art of Eating Spaghetti” because __________. (D)A. neither Baker nor Doris had ever eaten spaghetti beforeB. Baker and Doris argued about it at a supperC. spaghetti was from Italy and quite new thenD. it reminded him of the pleasure of that evening4. Which of the following statements is TRUE? _________ (A)A. You’ll not write a good composition until you like the topic.B. When Baker wrote the essay, he thought his teacher would like it.C. Mr. Fleagle had liked Baker’s com positions before.D. Baker succeeded in writing two compositions.III. For Part 3 Questions and Answers1.Do you think Baker would write another essay if he had enough time? Why?2.What was Baker prepared for when he found all the papers had been given back but his?3.Whose essay did Mr. Fleagle read to the class? How did the class respond?4.Which paragraph in this part gives readers the impression that Baker’s essay was very good?5.Why did Baker feel so delighted?Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.Until t hen I’d been bored by everything associated with English courses. (Para. 1)What can we infer from this sentence?(Up to then, Baker had had no interest in things related to English courses.)2.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to read and for me to write. (Para. 1)Paraphrase the sentence.(I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachers enjoy what I wrote.)3.another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects (Para. 2)What can we learn from this phrase?(We can know from this phrase that before Mr. Fleagle became Baker’s English teacher, all English courses were dull.)4.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed. (Para. 3)What does the author really mean when he says “I ... was not disappointed”?(He means that his expectation was right that Mr. Fleagle’s lessons were dull.)5.I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa,I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. (Para. 3)1) What can we infer from these sentences?(Baker was unwilling to write his essay.)2) List phrases to support your inference.(did n othing until … the essay was due; faced up to the unwelcome task.)6.This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. (Para. 4)Paraphrase the sentence and translate it into Chinese.(At the sight of the title I saw an unusual series of pictu res in my mind’s eye.这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。
大学英语综合教程1、2期末复习
BOOK1Unit1 Growing UpUnit 1 Test Aoff and on 断断续续地，有时take hold 生根，确立associate 使联系起来，使联想assignment（分配的）工作，任务，作业turn out 编写，制作paragraph 段落agony (身心的)极度痛苦assign 分配，分派cheerless阴郁的，沉闷的tedious乏味的，冗长的reputation 名声，名誉inability无能，无力inspire激励，鼓舞formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的rigid一成不变的，严格的out of date过时的excessively过分地prim古板的，拘谨的，循规蹈矩的，整洁的severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的wavy波形的，波浪形的necktie领带pointed有尖的，尖的jaw颌，颚comic 滑稽的，喜剧的，连环漫画（册）antique古物，古玩tackle处理，应付informal（指讲话，文字）口语体的，非正式的essay散文，小品文，论说文distribute分发，分配，分送finally最终，终于face up to勇敢地接受或对付scan浏览，粗略地看spaghetti意大利式细面条title标题，题目，给...加标题，加题目于extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序image形象，印象，（图）像vivid生动的，逼真的adult成年人，成年动物recall回想起，回忆起social社会的，社交的，交谊的respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的put down写下recapture再现，再次经历relive再体验，重温violate违背，违反compose创作turn in交（作业）command命令，指令discipline惩罚，处分，纪律what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者contempt轻视，轻蔑ridicule嘲笑，嘲弄，被戏弄open-hearted诚挚的enjoyment愉快，欢乐，满意hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免demonstration表明，证明calling职业，使命career生涯，事业，职业seal印章，图章essence本质，精髓背诵课文：Suddenly I want to write about that,about the warmth and good feeling of it,but I wanted to put it down simply for my own joy,not for Mr. Fleagle.It was moment I wanted to relive the pleasure of that evening .To write it as I wanted, however, would violate all the rules of formal composition I’d learned in school ,and Mr. Fleagle would surely give it a failing grade.Never mind .I would write something else for Mr. Fleagle after I had written this thing for myself.翻译：突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想白得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。
全新版大学英语第二版综合教程笔记Unit1
Detailed ReadingI. Difficult Sentences1.Until then I’d been bored by everything associated with English courses. (Para. 1)What can we infer from this sentence?(Up to then, Baker had had no interest in things related to English courses.)2.I hated the assignments to turn out long, lifeless paragraphs that were agony for teachers to readand for me to write. (Para. 1)Paraphrase the sentence.(I found it painful to write long, boring essays as required by teachers; neither did teachersenjoy what I wrote.)3.another cheerless year in that most tedious of subjects (Para. 2)What can we learn from this phrase?(We can know from this phrase that before Mr. Fleagle became Baker’s English teacher, all English courses were dull.)4.I prepared for an unfruitful year with Mr. Fleagle and for a long time was not disappointed.(Para. 3)What does the author really mean when he says “I ... was not disappointed”?(He means that his expectation was right that Mr. Fleagle’s lessons were dull.)5.I took the list home and did nothing until the night before the essay was due. Lying on the sofa,I finally faced up to the unwelcome task, took the list out of my notebook, and scanned it. (Para.3)1) What can we infer from these sentences?(Baker was unwilling to write his essay.)2) List phrases to support your inference.(did nothing until … the essay was due; faced up to the unwelcome task.)6.This title produced an extraordinary sequence of mental images. (Para. 4)Paraphrase the sentence and translate it into Chinese.(At the sig ht of the title I saw an unusual series of pictures in my mind’s eye.这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。
新标准大学英语综合教程1笔记unit2
新标准大学英语综合教程1笔记unit2New Standard College EnglishAn Integrated Course 1Ye Can’s NoteUnit 2 Food, glorious food!Active Reading 1 The First OysterNew Words, Phrases and Expressions1. glorious: wonderful and extremely enjoyable2. oyster: a large flat shellfish. Some types of oyster can be eaten cooked or uncooked and others produce shiny white jewels called pearls.3. "Nonsense, how do you know you don't like it if you haven't tried it," he reasoned. reason: to form a judgement about a situation by considering the facts and thinking in a logical way.She reasoned that she must have left her bag on the train.4. Just slide it into your mouth.5. I thought the oyster looked rather nasty.nasty: having a bad appearance, smell, taste etc.6. a French seaside resortresort: a place where a lot of people go for holidays7. the waiter had already brought an enormous portion of seafood, crabs, prawns, lobsters and all sorts of shellfish clinging onto each other.(1) prawn: a shellfish with ten legs and a long tail, that can be eaten. Prawns turn pink when cooked. (BrE: prawn = AmE: shrimp)(2) shellfish: a sea or water animal that does not have a backbone, but has a shell, and can be eaten as food, such as crabs, lobsters, and oysters.8. my father had decided to take me, his ten-year-old son, tolunch, and to mark an important event in my life, as important to my father as coming of age: my first oyster.come of age: reach adult statusHe’ll i nherit the money when he comes of age.9. rock pool: a small pool of water between rocks by the sea. (BrE) (=tide pool AmE)10. juicy bacon sandwichjuicy: containing a lot of juice and good to eatHe ordered a juicy rump steak.11. Outside the skies were grey and a strong wind was blowing off the sea. It looked as gloomy as I felt.gloomy: sad and without hope, because you think the situation will not improveI can tell by your gloomy face that the news is bad.12. striking a note of compromiseTo strike a note of something means to speak in a particular manner or tone.compromise: an agreement made between two people or groups in which each side gives up some of the things they want so that both sides are happy at the end13. the clear perception14. On his plate was a pile of discarded lobster claws, and alongside was a battery of implements used to crack the shells, and scrape out every last piece of meat.(1) discard: get rid of sth. because it is uselessdiscard an old pair of shoes / discard old beliefs(2) a battery of: a group of many things or people of the same typea battery of medical tests(3) implement: a tool or instrument, especially a fairly largeone with no motor, especially one used for outdoor physical work agricultural implements15. He paused every mouthful and raised his glass. Now and then he waved the oyster at me, teasing me to eat it.(1) mouthful: an amount of food or drink that you put into your mouth at one timeHe took a mouthful of sweet country air.I'm so full I couldn't eat another mouthful.handful: the amount of sth that can be held in one handarmful: a quantity that you can carry in one or both arms(2) now and then: at times, occasionally(3) tease: to laugh at someone and make jokes in order to have fun by embarrassing them, either in a friendly way or in an unkind wayShe used to tease me about my hair.16. I just looked at my empty plate in despair.despair: a feeling that you have no hope at all for the future Defeat after defeat filled us with despair.17. a silent tear slid down my cheek.slid: pt of slide18. I knew it was all over.19. I took it between a finger and thumb, and held it to my lips.20. I did as I was told.21. The oyster was slippery.slippery: difficult to hold or to stand on or walk on, because it is smooth, wet or greasy.slippery like a fishThe road was slippery after the rain.22. half smilingKey Words1. portionn.(1) a part of something larger, especially a part that is different from the other partsThe factory represents only a small portion of the company’s interests.The rent on his portion of the apartment was $500 a month.The front portion of the rocket breaks off.(2) an amount of food for one person, especially when served in a restaurantShe cut the cake into six small portions.a huge portion of roast beefHe served generous portions of soup from the pot.(3) a share of something, such as responsibility, blame, or a duty, that is divided between a small number of people The other driver must bear a portion of the blame for the accident.2. clingv.(1) to stick to someone or something, to fit very tightly on somethingHis wet shirt clung to his body.(2) to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you do not feel safesurvivors clinging to a raftcling to old ideasShe clung to the hope that her son was not dead.3. perceptionn.(1) the way that you notice things with your senses of sight, hearing etcvisual perceptionHis perception of the change came in a flash.(2) the natural ability to understand or notice things quicklyHis analysis of the problem showed great perception.(3) the way you think about something and your idea of what it is likeParents’ views influence their children’s perceptions of the world.public perception of the police / doctorThere is a g eneral public perception that…4. crackvt./vi.to break or to make something break, either so that it gets lines on its surface, or so that it breaks into piecesHe cracked a couple of eggs into a pan.He has cracked a bone in his arm.Don’t put boiling water in the glass or it will crack.Concrete is liable to crack in very cold weather.Her lips were dry and cracked.5. scrapev.(1) to remove something from a surface by moving sth sharp and hard like a knife across itScrape the carrots and slice them thinly.(2) to rub against a rough surface by accident so that it causes slight damage or hurtI must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car.She fell and scraped her knee.Notes1. district / region / vicinity / area，这一组名词都有“区域”的意思。
大学英语综合教程1、2笔记
大学英语综合教程笔记→●符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，[]表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，~加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。
● 2●Shape = to have great influence on sb;determinethe nature of sth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。
e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期经历决定。
●一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, tosome degree●conform 与……一致● 3●off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, that's why the clothes feel damp(潮湿的）.●Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverseindustry.●possibility=likelihood e.g.They haven't arrived yet.There's the possibility that they've taken the wrong road.●take hold=become established生根，确立e.g.Oldhabits die hard. （很难摆脱）That's why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.●bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored witha crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferablebore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事●Assignment=a piece of work given to a particularperson（分配的）工作，任务，作业~assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth [give] e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned.●turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting,public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turned out some great scholars.●agony=painful●anticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. Theyanticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubledby 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.(医改)e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you.●cheerless ~cheering欢呼~cheerful~cheerleader拉拉队长●That most tedious of subjects=the most tedioussubject of all subjects.●Have a reputation for 因……●be able to do,have the ability to do <=> be capable of●Inspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测 e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jr's speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. ~inspiration+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration.●Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; stricte.g.If he had been a little less rigid about things, hisdaughter would not have left home at such a youngage.●Hopeless be hopeless at对……一窍不通a hopelessly ill patient绝症●Be/go out of date/old fashioned<=>befashionable/up to date bring sth up to date ●Prim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior andshowing a dislike of anything rude and improper.A prim dress端庄prim appearance prim andproper[negative]过于古板和认真●Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severewriting style.Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force. 3 剧烈的e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by the Vice-president proved to be a heart attack.●Glasses=spectacles, contact lens●Wavy 卷曲的有波纹的●He wore prim suits with neckties set primly againstthe collar buttons of his white shirts.●Comic滑稽的●tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was sodifficult that pupils did not know how to tackle it.●Distribute=divide and give out among people,词根}tributee.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day;pay tribute to [contribute, attribute to把..归因于]●Simple-minded=showing very little intelligencenarrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚;strong-minded意志坚强●Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2.The train is due in 15 minutes.●Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born,you’ll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.● A sequence of一连串相关事物a sequence of dancemovements●Image an image ambassador of..[product]●In my mind’s eye~ mental images 脑海●定语后置e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words wehave learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光).●Scanner扫描仪●Spaghetti-not taste pulpy (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀prong叉子的尖头●Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I don’t recallever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clause●Drive sth home将…讲透彻●Argument ∶get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; offer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument●Awake The letters awoke old fears.●Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areasviolates traffic regulations.<=>violet紫罗兰violent 剧烈的● A failing/passing grade●Respectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectablecouple⇔respectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼仪的，礼貌的●Composer作曲家●The graded papers⇔the corrected papers●Report to sb for sth: I was ordered to report fortraining to the artillery officers.●Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律；keepdiscipline维持纪律learn discipline● 4●Speak/talk/say/laugh out loud●Contempt 轻视，轻蔑●Ridicule=making or being made fun of. 1 Incontempt of对……不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕 2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑●Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings,tears, etc. e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en built banks(堤）of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development of e.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me about it, don't hold anything back.●Be pure delight at●Power=the faculty(能力，技能，功能）of the body ormind e.g.1 We'll have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力●Career, profession, trade●At the eleventh hour●As it were=so to speak=as one might say●Put the final seal on my happiness. definite. A sealof approval e.g.This project needs the government's seal of approval.正式批准。
新世纪大学英语综合教程1-第二版-课文详解-LectureNotesU1
Electro nic Teachin g Portfol ioBook OneUnit One: College LifePart I Get StartedSection A Discuss ion▇Sit in groupsof threesor fours and discuss the followi ng questio ns.1.You may have imagine d what college life would be like beforeyou becamea college student. Has itturnedout to be what you expecte d? Provide example s in support of your answers.2.Wheneve r you think about college life, what are some of the thingsthat come to mind? Followi ng theexample s given, make a list of such thingsin the followi ng table. Share your answers with your group members and comment on each of the items you have listedas you go along.College Lifeassignm entsdeadlin es…3.How do you like your college life so far? Give example s.4.What do you think is the most importa nt thing to achieve at college? Explain.▇ Answers for referen ce:1. Possibl e positiv e comment s on college life may include the followi ng:academi c atmosph ere, good student accommo dation s, modernfacilit ies for teachin g and researc h, qualifi ed profess ors, nice classma tes, etc.Possibl e negativ e comment s on college life may include the followi ng:hard to get adjuste d to the new environ ment, academi c pressur e, homesic kness, problem s in interpe rsonal relatio nships, poor food, etc.2.College Life assignm ents deadlin estuitionproject sfriends hip roommat esteststeacher sclassma tes graduat ion gradesacademi c pressur e3. Possibl e example s are: carefre e and colorfu l life, academi c environ ment, friends hip, a door leading to the outside world, etc.However, college life may also be boringfor some student s, because most of their time is spent on study, and they are far away from home, etc.4. Possibl e answers are: academi c excelle nce, develop ing communi cative skillsand interpe rsonal relatio nshipsSection B Quotes▇Study the followi ng quotesabout educati on and see if you acceptthe ideas express ed in the quotes.Ralph Waldo Emerson⊙The thingstaughtin schools and college s are not an educati on, but the means to an educati on.— Ralph Waldo EmersonInterpr etatio n:Wedon’tgotoschoolor college to learn, but to seek the way to learn.About R. W. Emerson(1803–1882): R. W. Emerson,a US poet and writerwho had great influen ce on thereligio us and philoso phical thought of his time.W. B. Y eats⊙ Educati on is not the filling of a pail, but the lightin g of a fire.— W. B. Y eatsInterpr etatio n:Instead of stuffin g student s with knowled ge, real educati on aims at bringin g out what is insidestudent s andcultiva ting their potenti al.About W. B. Y eats (1865–1939): W. B. Y eats, an Irish writerof poems and plays, whose early work is oftenbased on old Irish stories. He is conside red one of the most importa nt Irish writers, and he won the Nobel Prizefor Literat ure in 1923.Galileo⊙ You cannotteach a man anythin g; you can only help him find it withinhimself.—GalileoInterpr etatio n:Teachin gdoesn’treallyhelp anyone, but it helps a personfind out what he/she is good at.About Galileo(1564–1642): Galileo, an Italian astrono mer, mathema tician, and physici st whose manydiscove ries had a great influen ce on modernscience. He discove red mountai ns and craters (月球表面的环形山) on the surface of the Moon, and his study of the changes in the appeara nce of V enus (金星) provedthat it was movingaroundthe Sun. He also discove red that if you drop objects of differe nt weights from a high place, they fall at the same speed. He was punishe d by the inquisi tion (宗教法庭) because he believe d that the Sun, not the Earth, was the centreof the univers e.Section C Watchin g and Discuss ion▇Watch the followi ngvideoclip“HowtoSelectYour College major”anddothetasksthatfollow:插入视频片段：―HowtoSelect.wmv‖1.Fill in the missing words accordi ng to what you hear from the video clip.Hi, this is Laura Turner,andtodayI’mgoingtota lk to you about how to selectyour college major. I would like to tell you that if you selectsomethi ngthatyouloveandthatyou’repassion ate about, everyth ing’sgoingtobefineandyou’regoingtogetagreatjobwith your degree, but of coursethis is not complet ely true. However, whenyou’regoingtocollege, your primary reasonfor going to college is to educate yoursel f, which means to make yoursel f a betterpersonboth intelle ctuall y, spiritu ally, mentall y, all of these things.2.Discuss the topic with your group members:What are the recomme nded concern s in selecti ng a college major accordi ng to the video clip? And how did you chooseyour current major?▇Answers for referen ce:Accordi ng to the video clip, the main concern s shouldbe: first, to choosesomethi ng you reallyenjoy;second, to choosesomethi ng your schoolis well known for.Script:Hi, this is Laura Turner,andtodayI’mgoingtotalktoyouabouthowtoselectyour college major. I would like to tell you that if you selectsomethi ngthatyouloveandthatyou’repassion ate about,everyth ing’sgoingtobefineandyou’regoingtogetagreatjobwithyourdegree, but of coursethis is not complet ely true. However,whenyou’re going to college, your primary reasonfor going to college is to educate yoursel f, which means to make yoursel f a betterpersonboth intelle ctuall y, spiritu ally, mentall y, all of these things. So, wheneve r you chooseyour major, I would say yes, do choosesomethi ng that you enjoy, because reallyif you are just in it to get a degreethat will get you a high-payingjobandyou’renotreallypassion ate about this and you want to be an Enginee ring Major just becauseyouknowthat’sg oing to make you into a high earning person, that may be the wrong reasonto study it becauseyou’regoingtoget overwhe lmed over time because a degreetakes, it’sfouryearsoutofyourlifethatyou’regoingtobestudyin g this thing. There has to be somethi ng beyondmoney, and beyondthejobthat’sgoingtokeepyou interes ted. So I would suggest picking somethi ng that you love as well as, hopeful ly, it will besomethi ng that will get you a job. Also, my other point is, pick somethi ng that your schoolis well known for, somethi ng in your school, the major in your schoolthat actuall y has reallygreat profess ors to teach you. If you have a great English Departm ent, if you have a great History Departm ent, andyou’repassion ate about those things, study with profess ors who are great and they can help turn a littlebit of interes t in a subject matterinto a lifelon g love of it. So good luck with choosin g your major wisely.Part II Listenand RespondSection A Word Bankfreshma n n. infml a student in the first year at college or univers ity〖非正式〗大学一年级新生in general for the most part; commonl y, usually一般说来anticip ationn. the feeling one has when expecti ng somethi ng pleasan t to happen期望；预期discove ry n. a fact or thing that has been discove red被发现的事实、事物definit ely ad. without doubt; clearly无疑地，确实地impress ion n. [(on)] an image or effectthat is produce d in the mind by a person, event,experie nce, etc. [常与on连用] [人、事件、经历等留下的]印象；感想head off move towards; go to朝……前进，向……去related a. [(to)] connect ed in some way [常与to连用]有关系的workloa d n. the amountof work that a personor machine is expecte d to do in a particu larperiodof time人或机器在一定时期的工作量，工作负担challen ge n. (somethi ng with) the quality of demandi ng competi tive action, interes t, orthought挑战性；具有挑战性的事物amountn. [(of)] a collect ion or mass conside red as a unit in terms of its size, number, etc.[常与of连用]总数，数额，数量deadlin e n. a date or time beforewhich somethi ng must be done or complet ed截止日期；最后期限frustra tion n. the feeling of being annoyed, upset or impatie nt沮丧；失望previou s a. happeni ng or existin g beforethe one mention ed 在先的，在前的，以前的patienc e n. [U] the ability to acceptpain, trouble, anythin g that causesannoyan ce,without complai ning or losingone’sself-control忍痛的能力，忍受力，耐性diverse a. differe nt (from each other); showing variety各不相同的，各种各样的relatio nshipn. [(between, with)] a friends hip or connect ion between people[常与between或with连用]友谊；关系so to speak as one might say 可谓，可以说，简直是respons ibilit y n. [U] [常与for连用]责任（心）；责任感，可信赖性anticip ate vt. think likelyto happen, expect预期，期望mission n. the particu lar work which one believe sitisone’sdutytodo职责；使命inspiri ng a. that gives one the urge or ability to do great things激励人心的；启发灵感的careern. a job or profess ion for which one is trained and which one intends to followforpartorthewholeofone’slife职业；一生的事业Section B Task One: Focusin g on the Main Ideas1. Choosethe best answerto complet e each of the followi ng sentenc es accordi ng to the informa tion contain ed in the listeni ng passage.1)In this monolog ue the speaker mainlytalks about ________.A)stories about college lifeB)t he life of college freshme nC)c arefre e life of college student sD)differe nces between college and high school2)Accordi ng to the speaker, the freshma n experie nce will ________.A)enablestudent s to find true friends hipB)l eave a deep impress ion on every studentC)d ecidewhat a student can do in the futureD)teach student s the importa nce of respons ibilit y▇Key:1) B) 2) C)2. Read the followi ng stateme nts and decidewhether each of them is true or false based on the informa tion contain ed in the listeni ng passage. Write T for True and F for False in the space given beforeeach stateme nt.1)________ Freshma n experie nce is an unforge ttable experie nce to college student s.2)________Stude nts will feel just as comfort able in their first year at college as in their previou s years whenthey were in high schoolor back at home.3)________ Student s are able to find very good friends at college.4)________ Learnin g to be respons ible for oneself at college is very importa nt.5)________ Freshme n shouldnot be concern ed with their futurecareers.▆Key:1)T2) F3)T4)T5) FSection C Task Two: Zooming in on the DetailsListento the recordi ng again and fill in each of the blanksaccordi ng to what you have heard.1)The freshma n year at college is, general ly speakin g, a time filledwith _____________, some anxiety, and_________________________________.2)The workloa d will be ______________ and the major challen ges of college work are a large amountof___________________ and the short ______________.3)College Friends hip will be among the _____________________________ and_______________________ ofone’slife. It’salwaysexcitin g to discove r how________________________________ college relatio nships can be.4)Student s shouldremembe r that they are at college with an _____________________: they shouldn’twastetime on ___________________________.5)Going to college is not just to get a degree: it is to find out ___________________ and____________________________________.▇ Answers for referen ce:1)The freshma n year at college is, general ly speakin g, a time filledwith anticip ation,some anxiety, andwonderf ul discove ries.2)The workloa d will be heavier and the major challen ges of college work are a large amountof readingand writing and the short deadlin es.3)College friends hip will be among the most satisfy ing and long-term ofone’slife. It’salwaysexcitin g todiscove r how wonderf ully diverse college relatio nships can be.4)Student s shouldremembe r that they are at college with an anticip ated mission; they shouldn’twastetimeon meaning less things.5)Going to college is not just to get a degree; it is to find out who you are and what you are reallymadefor.Script:I am now a fourth-year student at college, but I can never forgetmy freshma n year here. In general, it is a time filledwith anticip ation, some anxiety, and wonderf ul discove ries.College is a lot differe nt from high school. Your freshma n experie nce will definit ely make an impress ion on you. So, what can you expectas you head off into the wonderf ul world of highereducati on?Thefirstthingyou’llnoticeis the workloa d. It will be heavier than you ever experie nced before. The major challen ges of college work are the large amountof reading and writing, and the short deadlin es. A related effectthat can be brought on by the workloa d is doubt, frustra tion, and possibl y lonelin ess. You’llbeaway from the comfort s and friends hips your home provide d for you over the previou s years.Duringthe freshma n year, you’llbemakinga lot of new friends. But you shouldcontinu e to be yoursel f. Selectyour friends with the same care and patienc e you have alwaysshown. Believe it or not, your college friends hips will be among the most satisfy ing and long-term of your life. It’salwaysexcitin g to discove r how wonderf ully diverse college relatio nships can be.Y ou’llalsobeonyourown—you’llbeyourownboss24 hours a day, so to speak. But, remembe r, with freedom comes respons ibilit y. You shouldalwaysremembe r that you are at college with an anticip ated mission. Don’twasteyourtimeonmeaning less things.Duringthe freshma n year, you may even start thinkin g about your future. Maybe a certain profess or is especia lly inspiri ng. Perhaps your schoolhas some great researc h going on. If some area of study attract s you, find out all you can about it. It might be the beginni ng of your lifetim e career. Going to college is not just to get a degree— it is to find out who you reallyare and what you are reallymade for.Part III Read and ExploreT ext ASection A Discove ring the Main IdeasExercis e 1. Write down the main idea of the followi ng paragra phs in the space provide d.1)Para 2: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.2)Para 3: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.3)Para 4: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.4)Para 5: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.5)Para 6: ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.▆ Answers for referen ce:1)Para 2: Top student s attainacademi c excelle nce by masteri ng a few basic princip les that otherscaneasilylearn.2)Para 3: Top student s learn to be organiz ed.3)Para 4: Top student s know how to schedul e their time properl y.4)Para 5: Top student s are very serious about schooland very activein class.5)Para 6: Student s benefit from group study.Exercis e 2: Read the followi ng stateme nts and then decidewhether each of them is true or false based on the informa tion in the text. Write T for True and F for False in the space provide d beforeeach stateme nt.1)______Being brightdoes not necessa rily make one a straigh t-A student.2)______A top student knows how to balance between what is more importa nt and what is lessimporta nt.3)______One student thinksthat learnin g a new word while brushin g his teeth helps him learn thenew word best.4)______A messy student may waste a lot of time.5) ______Profess ors may concent rate more on the neatnes s of an assignm ent than on its content.6) ______Student s benefit more from group study than from individ ual study.7)______Pressur e from parents is good for student s.▆ Answers for referen ce:1)T2)T3) F The student does so in order to save time.4)T5) F The student who turns in neat work is a step closerto a high score.6)T7)F Encoura gement ratherthan pressur e from parents helps student s a lot.Exercis e 3: Summari ze the basic princip les that top student s masterand apply in their studyin g and put them down in the space provide d.Basic Princip les That Top Student s Masterand Applya.b.c.d.▆Answers for referen ce:Basic Princip les that Top Student s Masterand Applya. set priorit iesb. study anywher e or everywh erec. studyatone’spreferr ed timed. be consist entSection B In-depth StudyWorking towards academi c excelle nce constit utes one of the most importa nt parts of college life and is the goal of most college student s. Straigh t-A student s, in this respect, can be of great help by sharing their secrets in achievi ng academi c excelle nce. Read the followi ng text to find out what some of these secrets are.Secrets of Straigh t-A Student s1 A profess or of educati on who has conduct ed major studies of super-achievi ng student s reveale d that top gradesdo not alwaysgo to the brighte st student s. Accordi ng to him, other educati on experts and top student s themsel ves, it is far more importa nt for a student to know how to make the most of his or her innateabiliti es.2 The student s at the top of the c lass attainacademi c excelle nce by masteri ng a few basic princip les that otherscan easilylearn.To begin with, top student s know how to set their priorit ies right. Study time is never comprom ised for phone calls, televis ion program mes or snacks.In other words, it is alwaysplac edabove recreat ion. In additio n, top student s make a point of studyin g anywher e or everywh ere. A top student who is also a top athlete memoris es biology terms as he works out every day. Another student learnsa new word every morning while brushin g his teeth. Among all the student s intervi ewed, every one agreedthat study times are strictl y a matterof persona l prefere nce. Some thriveat night when all is silent. Otherspreferto study as soon as they come home from schoolwhen the lessons are fresh in their minds. However, all agreedthat consist ency is a main factorif one is to perform well at all times.3 A student must also learn to be organis ed. For example, a top student who is activel y involve d in his schoolband, track and field, rugby associa tion and debateteam disclos ed that he keeps his thingsintheir properplacesbecause he simplycannotaffordtime-wasting searche s. Another student immedia tely files theday’snotesincolour-coded folders so that they are availab le for reviewnearing examina tion time. Another techniq ue advocat ed by top student s is to read effecti vely. This include s speed-reading, improvi ngone’smemoryor retenti on ability, and activel y askingquestio ns that will lead to a full underst anding of the author’smessage.4 It is also importa nt for student s to know how to schedul e their time. They must know how to pace each assignm ent or project accordi ng to their daily timetab le and work ability so that they might not be overwhe lmed by the tasks at hand. Being able to set timetab les not only allowsstudent s more time to reviewand polishtheir work, it also prevent s them from procras tinati ng. Top student s believe that a secretof their success is the takingdown of good notes duringlessons and using them for revisio n. One student reveale d that she writesnotes from the text on one side of her noteboo k and those from her teacher s’lecture s on the other side. This allowsher to reviewboth aspects of each lessonat once. The student also reveale d that instead of wasting time whisper ing to friends and getting ready to rush out of the class just beforethe bell rings, she uses those few minutes to jot down a two or three-sentenc e summary of the lesson’sprincip al points. She then scans the notes to refresh her memorybeforethe nextday’sc lass.5 Another winning formula which teacher s promote lies in a student’sability to hand in neat work. Accordi ng to one profess or, the student who turns in neat work is already on the way to scoring an A. In the classro om context, it is equally importa nt for student s to speak up and ask questio ns. This is perhaps the best way for a student to c larify any doubts.Classro om partici pation also demonst ratesa student’sintelle ctualcuriosi ty. As a student concise ly puts it, ―Bettergradescome from betterunderst anding.‖6 The value of studyin g togethe r was demonst ratedin an experim ent conduct ed at one top univers ity. The study reveale d that student s who discuss ed homewor k and problem s togethe r, tried differe nt approac hes and explain ed their solutio ns to one another scoredhigherthan those who laboure d on their own. The experim ent also illumin ated the value of hypothe ticaltests conduct ed among the student s and on their own. This means that student s frame tentati ve test questio ns based on their notes and give each other or themsel ves written examina tionsthe day beforea test. Experts confirm ed that student s who devisepossibl e test questio ns often find many of the same questio ns duringthe real examina tion and thus score higher.7 Another techniq ue employe d by top student s is to do more than the assigne d homewor k. A student reveale d that if her teacher gives five problem s, she will underta ke ten. In the student’swords, ―Partoflearnin g is practis ing. The more you practis e,themoreyoulearn.‖Lastbutnotleast,al l experts and top student s agree that the most importa nt ―secret‖ of super-achieve rs lies in the crucial contrib utionby parents. From infancy, super-achieve rs were taughtthe importa nce of learnin g by their parents. The latterset high standar ds for their childre n and held them to those standar ds. They encoura ged their childre n in their studies but did not underta ke the work for them. Instead of pressur ing their childre n, these parents were alwaysloving, gentleand took pains to explain and motivat e. They impress ed the lessons of respons ibilit y on their childre n, and the childre n deliver ed.（此课文没有更新，不需要配图说明。
大学英语一二册背诵段落
大学英语综合教程—考试要求背诵段落(第一二册)All the cabbie had was a letter (6—15)“T his isn‟t family, “he replied. “Although,” he went on, “come to think of it, it might just as well have been family. Old Ed was my oldest friend. In fact, we used to call each other …Old friend‟—when we‟d meet, that is. I‟m not much of a hand at writing.”“I don‟t think any of us keep up our correspondence too well,” I said. “I know I don‟t .But I take it he‟s someone you‟ve known quite a while?”“All my life, practically. We were kids together, so we go way back.”“Went to school together?”“All the way through high school. We were in the same class, in fact, through both grade and high school.”“There are not too many people who‟ve had such a long friendship,” I said.“Actually,” the driver went on, “I hadn‟t seen him more than once or twice a year over the past 25 or 30 years because I moved away from the old neighborhood and you kind of lose touch even though you never forget. He was a great guy.”“Y ou said …was‟. Does that mean—?”He nodded. “Died a couple of weeks ago. ““I‟m sorry,” I said. “It‟s no fun to lose any friend—and losing a real old one is even tougher.”Public attitudes toward science (1—2)Whether we like it or not, the world we live in has changed a great deal in the last hundred years, and it is likely to change even more in the next hundred. Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a purer and simpler age. But as history shows, the past was not that wonderful. Is was not so bad for a privileged minority, though even they had to do without modern medicine, and childbirth was highly risky for women. Bur for the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish, and short.Anyway, even if one wanted to, one could n‟t put the clock back to an earlier age. Knowledge and techniques can‟t just be forgotten. Nor can one prevent further advances in the future. Even if all government money for research were cut off (and the present government is doing its best), the force of competition would still bring about advances in technology. Moreover, one cannot stop inquiring minds from thinking about basic science, whether or not they are paid for it. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this would n‟t succeed. All it would do is slow down the rate of change.Tony Trivisonno‟s American Dream (30—33)After he passed away, I thought more and more about Tony‟s career. He grew in stature in my mind. In the end, I think he stood as tall, and as proud, as the greatest American industrialists.They had all reached their success by the same route and by the same values and principles: vision, determination, self-control, optimism, self-respect and, above all, integrity.Tony did not begin on the bottom rung of the ladder. He began in the basement. Tony‟s affairs were tiny; the greatest industrialists‟affairs were giant. But, after all, the balance sheets were exactly the same. The only difference was where you put the decimal point.Tony Trivisonno came to America seeking the American Dream. But he didn‟t find it—hecreated it for himself. All he had were 24 precious hours a day, and he wasted none of them.A valentine story (12—15)And there she stood. Her pale, round face was gentle and sensible, her gray eyes had a warm and kindly glow. I did not hesitate.My fingers gripped the small worn blue leather copy of the book that was to identify me to her. This would not be love, but it would be something precious, something perhaps even better than love, a friendship for which I had been and must ever be grateful.I squared my shoulders and saluted and held out the book to the woman, even though while I spoke I felt chocked by the bitterness of my disappointment. “I‟m Lieutenant John Blanchard, and you must be Miss Maynell. I am so glad you could meet me; may I take you to dinner?”The woman‟s face broadened into a smile. “I don‟t know what this is about, son,”she answered, “but the young lady in the green suit who just went by, she begged me to wear this rose on my coat. And she said if you were to ask me out to dinner, I should go and tell you that she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!”What animals really think (1—2)Over the years, I have written extensively about animal-intelligence experiments and the controversy that surrounds them. Do animals really have thoughts, what we call consciousness? Wondering whether there might be better ways to explore animal intelligence than experiments designed to teach human signs, I realized what now seems obvious: if animals can think, they will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.And so I started talking to vets, animal researchers, zoo keepers. Most do not study animal intelligence, but they encounter it, and the lack of it, every day. The stories they tell us reveal what I‟m convinced is a new window on animal intelligence: the kind of mental feats animals perform when dealing with captivity and the dominant species on the planet—humans.Learning, Chinese style (12—14)One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthrough in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent.But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?The richest man in America, down home (19—22)Walton set up a college scholarship fund for employees‟children, a disaster relief fund torebuild employee homes damaged by fires, floods, tornadoes, and the like. He believed in cultivating ideas and rewarding success.“He‟d say, …That fellow worked hard, let‟s give him a little extra,‟” recalls retired presidents\ Ferold F. Arend, who was stunned at such generosity after the stingy employer he left to join Wal-Mart. “I had to change my way of thinking when I came aboard.”“The reason for our success,” says Walton, in a company handout, “is our people and the way they‟re treated and the way they feel about their company. They believe things are different here, but they deserve the credit.”Adds company lawyer Jim Hendren: I‟ve never seen anyone yet who worked for him or was around him for the any length of time who wasn‟t better off. And I don‟t mean just financially, although a lot of people are. It‟s just something about him—coming into contact with Sam Walton just makes you a better person.A virtual life (10—13)I‟d never realize how important daily routine is: dressing for work, sleeping normal hours. I‟d never thought I relied so much on co-workers for company. I began to understand why long-term unemployment can be so damaging, why life without an externally supported daily plan can lead to higher rates of drug abuse, crime, suicide.To restore balance to my life, I force myself back into the real world. I call people, arrange to meet with the few remaining friends who haven‟t fled New Y ork City. I try to at least get to the gym, so as to set apart the weekend from the rest of my week. I arrange interviews for stories, doctor‟s appointments—anything to get me out of the house and connected with others.But sometimes being face to face is too much. I see a friend and her ringing laughter is intolerable—the noise of conversation in the restaurant , unbearable. I make my excuses and flee. I re-enter my apartment and run to the computer as though it were a place of safety.I click on the modem, the once-annoying sound of the connection now as pleasant as my favorite tune. I enter my password. The real world disappears.I‟m going to buy the Brooklyn Bridge (11—13)Racing the clock every day is such an exhausting effort that when I actually have a few free moments, I tend to collapse. Mostly I sink into a chair and stare into space while I imagine how lovely life would be if only I possessed the organizational skills and the energy of superheroines. In fact, I waste a good deal of my spare time just worrying about what other women are accomplishing in theirs. Sometimes I think that these modern fairy tales create as many problems for women as the old stories that had us biding our time for the day our prince would come.Y et superwomen tales continue to charm me. Despite my friend‟s warning against being taken in, despite everything I‟ve learned, I find that I‟m not only willing, but positively eager to buy that bridge she mentioned. Why? I suppose it has something to do with the appeal of an optimistic approach to life—and the fact that extraordinary deeds have been accomplished by determined individuals who refused to believe that “you can‟t” was the final word on their dreams.Men have generally been assured that achieving their heart‟s desires would be a piece of cake. Women of course, have always believed that we can‟t have our cake and eat it too—the old low-dream diet. Perhaps becoming a superwoman is an impossible dream for me, but life without that kind of fantasy is as unappealing as a diet with no treats.The glorious messiness of English (17—19)That tolerance for change also represents deeply rooted ideas of freedom. Danish scholar Otto Jespersen wrote in 1905, “The English language would not have been what it is if the English had not been for centuries great respecters of the liberties of each individual and if everybody had not been free to strike out new paths for himself.”I like that idea. Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and rights of man in the modern world. The first shoots sprang up in England, and they grew stronger in America. The English-speaking peoples have defeated all efforts to build fences around their language.Indeed, the English language is not the special preserve of grammarians, language police, teachers, writers or the intellectual elite, English is, and always has been, the tongue of the common man.。
全新版大学英语综合教程2英语复习笔记
UNIT 11. 被系在…上be attached to…2. 探索行为exploratory behavior3. 偶尔on occasion4. 父母的责任parental duties5. 揭示，阐明throw light on6. 最终目的an ultimate purpose7. 要做的动作desired action8. 所希望的结果desirable outcome9. 关键critical point10. 育儿观value of child rearing11. 弥补某种错误行为making up for a misdeed12. 回想起来in retrospect13. 善意的well-intentioned14. 前来帮助某人come to sb.’s rescue15. 极其熟练、温和地with extreme facility and gentleness16. 适用于apply to17. 发展到evolve to18. 发展创造力promote creativity19. 值得追求的目标worthwhile goalsOne way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later.美国人的立场可以概括起来这么说，我们比中国人更重视创新和自立。
全新版大学英语综合教程-1-Unit2-课文注释电子书及翻译
All the Cabbie Had Was a LetterFoster Furcolo1 He must have been completely lost in something he was reading because I had to tap on the windshield to get his attention. 出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信福斯特?弗克洛他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了，因为我不得不敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。
2 "Is your cab available?" I asked when he finally looked up at me. He nodded, then said apologetically as I settled into the back seat, "I'm sorry, but I was reading a letter." He sounded as if he had a cold or something. 他总算抬头看我了。
“你出车吗？”我问道。
他点点头，当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地说：“对不起，我在读一封信。
”听上去他像是得了感冒什么的。
3 "I'm in no hurry," I told him. "Go ahead and finish your letter." “我不着急，”我对他说，“你接着把信读完吧。
”4 He shook his head. "I've read it several times already. I guess I almost know it by heart." 他摇了摇头。
“我已经读了好几遍了。
我想我都能背出来了。
”5 "Letters from home always mean a lot," I said. " At least they do with me because I'm on the road so much." Then, estimating that he was 60 or 70 years old, I guessed: "From a child or maybe a grandchild?" “家书抵万金啊，”我说。
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大学英语综合教程笔记→●符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，[]表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，~加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。
● 2●Shape = to have great influence on sb;determinethe nature of sth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。
e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期经历决定。
●一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, tosome degree●conform 与……一致● 3●off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, that's why the clothes feel damp(潮湿的）.●Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverseindustry.●possibility=likelihood e.g.They haven't arrived yet.There's the possibility that they've taken the wrong road.●take hold=become established生根，确立e.g.Oldhabits die hard. （很难摆脱）That's why you should stop smoking before the habit takes hold.●bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored witha crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferablebore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事●Assignment=a piece of work given to a particularperson（分配的）工作，任务，作业~assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth [give] e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned.●turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting,public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turned out some great scholars.●agony=painful●anticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. Theyanticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubledby 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medical welfare reform.(医改)e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you.●cheerless ~cheering欢呼~cheerful~cheerleader拉拉队长●That most tedious of subjects=the most tedioussubject of all subjects.●Have a reputation for 因……●be able to do,have the ability to do <=> be capable of●Inspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测 e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jr's speeches inspired people to fight for equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf on the tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with the will to live on. ~inspiration+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration.●Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; stricte.g.If he had been a little less rigid about things, hisdaughter would not have left home at such a youngage.●Hopeless be hopeless at对……一窍不通a hopelessly ill patient绝症●Be/go out of date/old fashioned<=>befashionable/up to date bring sth up to date ●Prim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior andshowing a dislike of anything rude and improper.A prim dress端庄prim appearance prim andproper[negative]过于古板和认真●Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severewriting style. 2 stern, strict: be severe on/with e.g.Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the air force. 3 剧烈的e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by the Vice-president proved to be a heart attack.●Glasses=spectacles, contact lens●Wavy 卷曲的有波纹的●He wore prim suits with neckties set primly againstthe collar buttons of his white shirts.●Comic滑稽的●tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was sodifficult that pupils did not know how to tackle it.●Distribute=divide and give out among people,places, etc. distribute sth among/to sb. {词根}tributee.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day;pay tribute to [contribute, attribute to把..归因于]●Simple-minded=showing very little intelligencenarrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚;strong-minded意志坚强●Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2.The train is due in 15 minutes.●Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born,you’ll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.● A sequence of一连串相关事物a sequence of dancemovements●Image an image ambassador of..[product]●In my mind’s eye~ mental images 脑海●定语后置e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words wehave learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光).●Scanner扫描仪●Spaghetti-not taste pulpy (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀prong叉子的尖头●Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I don’t recallever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctor again that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clause●Drive sth home将…讲透彻●Argument ∶get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; offer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument●Awake The letters awoke old fears.●Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areasviolates traffic regulations.<=>violet紫罗兰violent 剧烈的● A failing/passing grade●Respectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectablecouple⇔respectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼仪的，礼貌的●Composer作曲家●The graded papers⇔the corrected papers●Report to sb for sth: I was ordered to report fortraining to the artillery officers.●Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律；keepdiscipline维持纪律learn discipline学会遵守纪律● 4●Speak/talk/say/laugh out loud●Contempt 轻视，轻蔑●Ridicule=making or being made fun of. 1 Incontempt of对……不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕 2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑●Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings,tears, etc. e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en built banks(堤）of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development of e.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me about it, don't hold anything back.●Be pure delight at●Power=the faculty(能力，技能，功能）of the body ormind e.g.1 We'll have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力●Career, profession, trade●At the eleventh hour●As it were=so to speak=as one might say●Put the final seal on my happiness. definite. A sealof approval e.g.This project needs the government's seal of approval.正式批准。