供应链管理英文课件-第4章
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Retail Storage with Customer Pickup Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping Manufacturer Storage with InTransit Merge Distributor Storage with Package Carrier Delivery Distributor storage with last mile delivery Manufacturer storage with pickup
Low Low
© 2007 Pearson Education
Response Time
Hi
4-7
Inventory Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.2)
Inventory Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-8
Transportation Costs aBiblioteka Baidud Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.3)
Transportation Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-9
Facility Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.4)
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-2
The Role of Distribution in the Supply Chain
Distribution: the steps taken to move and store a product from the supplier stage to the customer stage in a supply chain Distribution directly affects cost and the customer experience and therefore drives profitability Choice of distribution network can achieve supply chain objectives from low cost to high responsiveness Examples: Wal-Mart, Dell, Proctor & Gamble, Grainger
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-4
Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design
Elements of customer service influenced by network structure:
– – – – – – Response time Product variety Product availability Customer experience Order visibility Returnability
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-3
Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design
Distribution network performance evaluated along two dimensions at the highest level:
Retail Storage with Customer Pickup Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping Manufacturer Storage with InTransit Merge Distributor Storage with Package Carrier Delivery Distributor storage with last mile delivery Manufacturer storage with pickup
Supply chain costs affected by network structure:
– – – – Inventories Transportation Facilities and handling Information
4-5
© 2007 Pearson Education
Service and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.1)
Response Time Product Variety Product Availability Customer Experience Order Visibility
1 4
4 1
4 1
3 2 2 2 3
2 3 3 1 2
4 1
4
5 1
1
4 5
1
3 4
1
5 6
Returnability
Inventory Transportation
In-Transit Merge Network (Fig. 4.7)
Factories
Retailer
In-Transit Merge by Carrier
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-15
Distributor Storage with Carrier Delivery (Fig. 4.8)
Factories
Distributor/Retailer Warehouse
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-17
Manufacturer or Distributor Storage with Customer Pickup (Fig. 4.10)
High demand product
+2 +1
-2 -1
-1 0
0 +1
+1 0
-1 0
Medium demand product
Low demand product
-1
-2 +1
+1
+2 -1
0
+1 -1
+1
0 +2
-1
-2 +1
+1
+1 0
Very low demand product
Many product sources
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-13
Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping (Fig. 4.6)
Manufacturer
Retailer
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-14
Supply Chain Management (3rd Edition)
Chapter 4 Designing the Distribution Network in a Supply Chain
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-1
Outline
The Role of Distribution in the Supply Chain Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design Design Options for a Distribution Network E-Business and the Distribution Network Distribution Networks in Practice Summary of Learning Objectives
Factories
Retailer
Cross Dock DC
Pickup Sites
Customers
© 2007 Pearson Education
Customer Flow Product Flow Information Flow
4-18
Comparative Performance of Delivery Network Designs (Table 4.7)
Factories
Warehouse Storage by Distributor/Retailer
Customers
Product Flow Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-16
Distributor Storage with Last Mile Delivery (Fig. 4.9)
– Customer needs that are met – Cost of meeting customer needs
Distribution network design options must therefore be compared according to their impact on customer service and the cost to provide this level of service
Facility Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-10
Total Costs Related to Number of Facilities
Total Costs
Total Costs
Facilities Inventory Transportation
Number of Facilities
Response Time
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-6
The Cost-Response Time Frontier
Hi
Local FG Mix Regional FG Local WIP
Cost
Central FG Central WIP Central Raw Material and Custom production Custom production with raw material at suppliers
Number of Facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-11
Variation in Logistics Costs and Response Time with Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.5)
Response Time
Total Logistics Costs
Number of Facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-12
Design Options for a Distribution Network
Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping and InTransit Merge Distributor Storage with Carrier Delivery Distributor Storage with Last Mile Delivery Manufacturer or Distributor Storage with Consumer Pickup Retail Storage with Consumer Pickup Selecting a Distribution Network Design
1
4 1
5
1 4
5
1 3
4
2 2
3
3 5
2
1 1
Facility & Handling Information
© 2007 Pearson Education
6
1
1
4
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
5
4-19
Linking Product Characteristics and Customer Preferences to Network Design
High product value
-1
+2 -1
+2
-2 +2
+1
-2 0
+1
-1 +1
0
+1 0
-2
-2 +2
Quick desired response
High product variety
Low customer effort
Low Low
© 2007 Pearson Education
Response Time
Hi
4-7
Inventory Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.2)
Inventory Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-8
Transportation Costs aBiblioteka Baidud Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.3)
Transportation Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-9
Facility Costs and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.4)
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-2
The Role of Distribution in the Supply Chain
Distribution: the steps taken to move and store a product from the supplier stage to the customer stage in a supply chain Distribution directly affects cost and the customer experience and therefore drives profitability Choice of distribution network can achieve supply chain objectives from low cost to high responsiveness Examples: Wal-Mart, Dell, Proctor & Gamble, Grainger
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-4
Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design
Elements of customer service influenced by network structure:
– – – – – – Response time Product variety Product availability Customer experience Order visibility Returnability
© 2007 Pearson Education
4-3
Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design
Distribution network performance evaluated along two dimensions at the highest level:
Retail Storage with Customer Pickup Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping Manufacturer Storage with InTransit Merge Distributor Storage with Package Carrier Delivery Distributor storage with last mile delivery Manufacturer storage with pickup
Supply chain costs affected by network structure:
– – – – Inventories Transportation Facilities and handling Information
4-5
© 2007 Pearson Education
Service and Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.1)
Response Time Product Variety Product Availability Customer Experience Order Visibility
1 4
4 1
4 1
3 2 2 2 3
2 3 3 1 2
4 1
4
5 1
1
4 5
1
3 4
1
5 6
Returnability
Inventory Transportation
In-Transit Merge Network (Fig. 4.7)
Factories
Retailer
In-Transit Merge by Carrier
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-15
Distributor Storage with Carrier Delivery (Fig. 4.8)
Factories
Distributor/Retailer Warehouse
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-17
Manufacturer or Distributor Storage with Customer Pickup (Fig. 4.10)
High demand product
+2 +1
-2 -1
-1 0
0 +1
+1 0
-1 0
Medium demand product
Low demand product
-1
-2 +1
+1
+2 -1
0
+1 -1
+1
0 +2
-1
-2 +1
+1
+1 0
Very low demand product
Many product sources
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-13
Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping (Fig. 4.6)
Manufacturer
Retailer
Customers
Product Flow
Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-14
Supply Chain Management (3rd Edition)
Chapter 4 Designing the Distribution Network in a Supply Chain
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-1
Outline
The Role of Distribution in the Supply Chain Factors Influencing Distribution Network Design Design Options for a Distribution Network E-Business and the Distribution Network Distribution Networks in Practice Summary of Learning Objectives
Factories
Retailer
Cross Dock DC
Pickup Sites
Customers
© 2007 Pearson Education
Customer Flow Product Flow Information Flow
4-18
Comparative Performance of Delivery Network Designs (Table 4.7)
Factories
Warehouse Storage by Distributor/Retailer
Customers
Product Flow Information Flow
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-16
Distributor Storage with Last Mile Delivery (Fig. 4.9)
– Customer needs that are met – Cost of meeting customer needs
Distribution network design options must therefore be compared according to their impact on customer service and the cost to provide this level of service
Facility Costs
Number of facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-10
Total Costs Related to Number of Facilities
Total Costs
Total Costs
Facilities Inventory Transportation
Number of Facilities
Response Time
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-6
The Cost-Response Time Frontier
Hi
Local FG Mix Regional FG Local WIP
Cost
Central FG Central WIP Central Raw Material and Custom production Custom production with raw material at suppliers
Number of Facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-11
Variation in Logistics Costs and Response Time with Number of Facilities (Fig. 4.5)
Response Time
Total Logistics Costs
Number of Facilities
© 2007 Pearson Education 4-12
Design Options for a Distribution Network
Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping Manufacturer Storage with Direct Shipping and InTransit Merge Distributor Storage with Carrier Delivery Distributor Storage with Last Mile Delivery Manufacturer or Distributor Storage with Consumer Pickup Retail Storage with Consumer Pickup Selecting a Distribution Network Design
1
4 1
5
1 4
5
1 3
4
2 2
3
3 5
2
1 1
Facility & Handling Information
© 2007 Pearson Education
6
1
1
4
2
4
3
3
4
2
5
5
4-19
Linking Product Characteristics and Customer Preferences to Network Design
High product value
-1
+2 -1
+2
-2 +2
+1
-2 0
+1
-1 +1
0
+1 0
-2
-2 +2
Quick desired response
High product variety
Low customer effort