(完整word版)一些专有名词的翻译

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(完整版)英语语法专业术语

英语语法专业术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite物主代词possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic动名词gerund连字号hyphen祈使语气imperative mood祈使句imperative sentences独立成分indefinite case主句indicative mood物质名词material nouns句子的成分members of the sentence 情态动词modal verbs语气mood词法morphology否定疑问句negative interrogative sentence动词的非限定形式non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句non-restrictive attributive clauses 括号brackets名词的分类classification of nouns从句（分句）clauses同源宾语cognate object集体名词collective nouns冒号colon逗号comma普通格common case普通名词common nouns比较级comparative degree复合宾语complex Object复合句complex sentences并列复合句compound complex sentences表性状的复合谓语compound nominal predicate复合谓语compound predicate并列句compound sentences表行为的复合谓语compound verbal predicate合成词compound words合成compounding ( composition )错综时间条件句conditional sentences of mixed time 连词conjunction连接副词conjunctive adverbs连接代词conjunctive pronouns转化conversion并列连词co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词countable nouns破折号dash陈述句declarative sentences定冠词definite article比较的级别degrees of comparison指示代词demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法）derivation ( affixation )描绘性定语descriptive attributes呼语direct address直接宾语direct object直接引语direct speech反意问句disjunctive questions省略ellipsis省略句elliptical sentences感叹号exclamation mark感叹句exclamatory sentences动词的限定形式finite forms of the verb虚词form words分数词fractional numerals完全倒装full inversion将来进行时future continuous一般将来时future indefinite将来完成时future perfect将来完成进行时future perfect continuous独立结构absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式absolute forms of possessive pronouns 抽象名词abstract nouns主动语态active voice方式状语从句adverbial clauses of manner地点状语从句adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句adverbial clauses of time程度副词adverbs of degree频度副词adverbs of frequency方式副词adverbs of manner地点副词adverbs of place时间副词adverbs of time选择问句alternative questions句子分析analysis of sentences省略号apostrophe同谓语appositive同位语从句appositive clauses助动词auxiliary verbs插入语parenthesis部分倒装partial inversion分词短语participial phrases分词participle小品词particle词类parts of speech过去式past forms过去分词past participle句号period ( full stop )人称person人称代词personal pronouns成语动词phrasal verbs谓语predicate表语predicative表语从句predicative clauses前缀prefix(es)介词短语prepositional phrases现在式present forms现在分词present participle动词的主要形式principal forms of verbs专有名词proper nouns标点符号punctuation问号question mark引号quotation mark相互代词reciprocal pronouns不定代词indefinite Pronouns关系副词relative adverbs关系代词relative pronouns限制性定语从句restrictive attributive clauses 自身代词self pronouns分号semicolon真实条件句sentences of real condition虚拟条件句sentences of unreal condition时态的呼应sequence of tenses特殊问句special questions虚拟语气subjunctive mood后缀suffix(es)最高级superlative degree句法syntax句型的转换transformation of sentences双部句two-member sentences不可数名词uncountable nouns动词短语verbal phrases名词化的动词verbal noun构词法word building。

汉译英中的词语翻译

汉译英中的词语翻译“No brick, no construction; no word no composition.”“无砖不成房，无词不成章。

” （译文）“千里之行，始于足下；翻译万卷，始于一词。

”不管是汉英还是英汉翻译，都必须从大处着眼，小处着手，即表达时词汇的处理入手，由词到句，由句到段，由段到章，也就是遣词造句，谋篇布局。

词语的翻译涉及到许多方面的问题，其中最根本的一条是译词的选择，要探讨这个问题，首先让我们看一下英汉词汇在词义上的对应关系，根据英汉词汇在意义上的对应程度，大致可以归纳为：一、完全对应(主要是一些专有名词，术语，客观事物)天空sky; 眼睛eye；湖泊lake；婴儿baby；广播讲话radio address；尾灯tail light；综合国力overall national strength；民族尊严national dignity二、包含关系(汉语词语的意义包含在英语词语中或者英语的意义包含在汉语词语中)1）英语的意义包含在汉语词语中：穿（衣服）：wear/put on借：borrow; lend;主人：master/owner/host;地毯：carpet/rug;货：goods; merchandise（泛指货物；）products; cargo; freight; shipment;e.g.华侨=overseas Chinese?“华侨”（《辞海》）：“侨居国外的具有中国国籍的人，不包括出国旅行、访问的人员，政府派在他国协助建设的工人和技术人员，国家派驻外国的公务人员和在国外学习的留学生。

已经加入或取得外国国籍的中国血统的人是外国公民（亦称中国血统外籍人），不是华侨”。

“Chinese” (Webster) : a native of China or a descendant of the people of China. 2）汉语词语的意义包含在英语词语中例：英语中的audience 包括了汉语的：“听众”、“观众”、“读者”；英语的marry包含了汉语的：“娶，嫁”；英语的cousin包含了汉语的：“堂兄”、“堂弟”、“堂姐”、“堂妹”、“表兄”、“表弟”、“表姐”、“表妹”；英语中的thick / thin可以表示“厚薄”、“粗细”、“稠稀”、“浓密/稀疏”三、语义空缺由于社会文化的差异，汉语中有些词语的词义在英语中没有表达这种词义的词语，反之亦然。

专有名词汉译英

专有名词英文翻译保险业The insurance industry保证重点支出Ensure funding for priority areas被兼并或挤掉annexed or forced out of business补发拖欠的养老金Clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款Non—performing loan层层转包和违法分保Multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting产值output value城乡信用社Credit Cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障A minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保险制度The system of medical insurance for urban workers抽样调查data from the sample survey出口信贷Export credit初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。

to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.贷款质量Loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法The five-category assets classification for bank loans第二产业secondary industry第三产业tertiary industry第一产业primary industry独资企业wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise发电量electric energy production发挥市场的调节作用to give play to the regulatory role of the market发展过快excessive growth防范和化解金融风险Take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程Flood-prevention project非法外汇交易Illegal foreign exchange transaction非公有成分non-public sectors非贸易收汇Foreign exchange earnings through non trade channels非银行金融机构Non-bank financial institutions费改税Transform administrative fees into taxes分配形式forms of distribution风险资金risk funds副业sideline production改革是社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展。

专有名词翻译

大学英语四六级翻译之专有名词翻译1.元宵节：Lantern Festival2.刺绣：embroidery3.重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4.清明节：Tomb sweeping day5.剪纸：Paper Cutting6.书法：Calligraphy7.对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8.象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9.人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.战国：Warring States12.风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13.铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14.函授部：The Correspondence Department15.集体舞：Group Dance16.黄土高原：Loess Plateau17.红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18.中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19.结婚证：Marriage Certificate20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture21.附属学校：Affiliated school22.古装片：Costume Drama23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25.一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26.火锅：Hot Pot27.四人帮：Gang of Four28.《诗经》：The Book of Songs29.素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30.《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31.大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)33.除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34.针灸：Acupuncture35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored pottery36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinese characteristics37.偏旁：radical38.孟子：Mencius39.亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40.大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41.火药：gunpowder42.农历：Lunar Calendar43. 印/玺：Seal/Stamp44. 物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization45.京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47.太极拳：Tai Chi48.独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49.天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50.小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51.红双喜：Double Happiness52.政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)54.莲藕：Lotus Root55.追星族：Star Struck56.故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57.相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58.下岗：Lay off/Laid off59.北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60.高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61.烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63.电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64.香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66.长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67.门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68.《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69.中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone北海公园Beihai Park天安门广场Tian'anmen Square毛主席纪念堂Chairman Mao Zedong Memorial Hall午门the Meridian Gate御花园Imperial Garden人民大会堂the Great Hall of the People民族文化宫the Cultural Palace for Nationalities北京工人体育馆Beijing Worker's Stadium•黄果树瀑布Huangguoshu Falls•龙门石窟Longmen Stone Cave•苏州园林Suzhou Gardens•庐山Lushan Mountain•天池Heaven Pool•大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda•石林Stone Forest•大运河Grand Canal•西湖West Lake•滇池Dianchi Lake•杜甫草堂Du Fu Cottage•都江堰Dujiang Dam•鼓浪屿Gulangyu Islet•观音阁Goddess of Mercy Pavilion•华清池Huaqing Hot Spring•昭君墓Zhaojun's Tomb•毛泽东故居Mao Zedong's former Residence •岳阳楼Yueyang Tower•武侯祠Temple of Marquis•漓江Lijiang River•寒山寺Hanshan Temple•黄鹤楼Yellow Crane Tower•天下第一关the First Pass Under Heaven•桂林山水Guilin Scenery with Hills and Waters•丝绸之路the Silk Road•河西走廊Hexi Corridor•三峡Three Gorges•佛教四大名山Four famous Buddhist Mountains •刺绣embroidery•剪纸paper cutting•书法calligraphy•对联(Spring Festival) couplets•象形文字Pictograms/Pictographic Characters •四合院Siheyuan/Quadrangle•风水Fengshui/Geomantic Omen•亭/阁Pavilion/ Attic•儒家文化Confucian Culture•一国两制One Country, Two Systems•火锅Hot Pot•针灸Acupuncture•偏旁radical•火药gunpowder•农历Lunar Calendar•印/玺Seal/Stamp•京剧Beijing Opera/Peking Opera•秦腔Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera•太极拳Tai Chi•相声Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue•文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）"The Four Treasure of the Study""Brush, Inkstick, Paper, and Inkstone•集体舞Group Dance•古装片Costume Drama•武打片Chinese Swordplay Movie•电视小品TV Sketch•铁饭碗Iron Bowl•红白喜事Weddings and Funerals•素质教育Essential-qualities-oriented Education•唐三彩Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty•门当户对Perfect Match/Exact Match•小吃摊Snack Bar/Snack Stand•中国特色的社会主义Socialist with Chinese characteristics•物质精神文明建设The Construction of Material Civilization and Spiritual Civilization•长江中下游地区The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze Rive •《诗经》The Book of Songs•《史记》Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian•《西游记》The Journey to the West•《水浒传》The Outlaws of the Marsh•《红楼梦》The Dream of Red Mansion•《三国演义》Romance of The Three Kingdoms。

综一单词表完整版

. Lesson One The Time MessageWord List （单词表）message n. 要旨，要点tricky adj. (工作、问题等)微妙的，棘手的；（人）狡猾的beginning n. 开始；起初semester n. （尤指美国大专院校的）学期cover v. 处理duty n. 任务management n. 管理number one adj. 最重要的；头号的seriously adv. 真心地，当真地；认真地，严肃地once conj. 一旦……（就……）weekly adj. 每周一次的follow v. 遵照；沿用following adj. 紧接着的realistic adj. 现实可行的essay n. 作文；短文quiz n. 考查；测验upset v. 打乱（计划等）；打翻ability n. 能力；才智grade n. （考试或作业的）分数achieve v. 获得flexible adj. 灵活的re-plan v. 重新计划basis n. 基础；根据project n. 课题；科研项目mid-term adj. 期中的solid adj. 扎实的schedule n. 计划表alive adj. 起作用的；现存的；活着的assignment n. （指定的）作业activity n. 活动social adj. 社交的；交谊的seem v. 似乎；好像back adj. 以前的；过去的Proper NamesElwood N. Chapman 埃尔伍德·N·查普曼（人名）Useful Expressions(常用短语)Look ahead 看前面；考虑未来at the beginning of 在……的开始plenty of 大量的have time on one’s hands 有许多时间towards the end of…即将结束时work for 为……效力work against 对……不利get the most out of sth. 充分利用……的机会put…into practice 付诸实践allow for 考虑到at least 至少in…case 在……情况下on a weekly /daily basis 每周/每天work out 制定出seem to be 看来，好像keep sth./sb. + adj. 使……保持某种状况run out (of ) (被)用完，将尽Time is running out.I have run out of money. take…some time to do…花……时间做……It will take us an hour to get there. depend on 取决于，随……而定It depends on how many people are goingso that 以便（用来引出目的状语从句）Tell me your telephone number so that I can call you when I have time.catch up on 赶上，补上I have to catch up on my sleep. I didn’t sleep much last night.Lesson Two Hans Christian Andersen’s Own Fairy Tale (1)Word List（单词表）fairy tale n. 童话，神话.fairy n. 小仙子，小精灵shoemaker n. 鞋匠shoemaking n. 制鞋，补鞋prince n.王子princess n. 公主poetry n.诗（总称）act v.表演royal adj.王室的，皇家的sensible adj.（建议、主意等）合情合理的，明智的；（人）明智的，明白事理的stepfather n.继父weaving n. 编织weaver n.织布工unhappiness n.不幸福，不愉快tragedy n.悲剧，悲惨的事dancer n.舞蹈演员genius n.天才；创造力warm v.（使……）变暖，暖和for conj. 因为，由于frost n.霜woman-like adj.女人似的figure n.身影，人影writer n.作家，作者helping adj.帮助的finally adv.最后，最终beautiful美妙动听的high高音调的，尖声的break（男孩的嗓音）青春期时变低沉Proper Names（专有名词）Donald Peattie唐纳德·皮蒂Louise Peattie 路易丝·皮蒂Hans Christian Anderson汉斯·克里斯琴·安徒生Denmark丹麦Odense欧登塞（地名）Copenhagen哥本哈根（地名）Useful Expressions(常用短语)Once upon a time很久以前ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮忙look at看着believe in 相信，信任work hard at在……上下功夫pay for sth.支付……的费用be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事change/turn …into…把……改变成……arrive in /at到达for ever永远from time to time不时的，常常lend a helping hand to sb.帮某人一把pretend to do sth.假装做某事not…at all根本不，一点儿也不He doesn’t know the meaning at all . start out出发，动身They started out to look for the lost boy.We started out at 7 o’clockadd sth. to sth.加上Please add your name to the list.out of sight从视线中消失（变得看不见）The ship was soon out of sightOut of sight, out of mind.（谚语：不见就忘。

第十三讲：专有名词的翻译范文

第十三讲：专有名词的翻译专有名词（proper name）主要具备指称意义和信息功能，但有些专有名词仍然具有语用意义、美感功能或祈使功能，专有名词的翻译与历史、国情、语言和民族习惯等都有关系。

－、姓名的翻译汉语姓名的排列顺序不同于英语，不是名字在前，教名居中，姓在后，而是姓在前，名字在后。

汉语的人名充分体现了汉语是表意文字的特点。

它能反映性别、出生时间、地点、取名人的心愿、取名人的文化素养和时代特征等。

如：芳、兰、玉、香、芬、丽、茜、瑜、瑾、薇、英等多为女子名；刚、强、凯、坚、忠、伟等多为男子名；鄂生（籍贯可能是湖北）、湘生（出生地可能是湖南）、张京（出生地可能在北京）、秋宝（可能生于秋天）、冬生（可能生于冬季）。

松鹤与遐龄在汉语中均意为“长寿”，取名人在取名时祝愿孩子健康长寿；“祜”意为“福”，取名人希望孩子在成长过程中福星高照，“祜”为书面语，在现代汉语中用得不多，选用此名反映了取名人的文化素养较高。

著名学者钱钟书的名字来由更有趣。

当时中国有“抓周”这一风俗，即孩子一周岁时在他（她）面前放各种物件，孩子抓到的物件便代表他（她）的秉性或将要从事的职业。

周岁的钱先生抓到的是书，身为学者的父亲断定这孩子会钟爱书本，于是为他取名“钟书”。

有的兄弟姊妹除了同姓，还在双名中同一字，如曾宪玉，曾宪梅、曾宪明等。

有的父母愿意反传统，让孩子随母亲的姓；有的父母则让孩子同时姓父母的姓，以示男女平等。

还有的人名带有强烈的时代标志，如：四新（扫四旧，立四新，“文化大革命”的口号之一），文革（“文化大革命”的简称），红卫（“文化大革命”中的红卫兵）。

由于语言的语用意义因人而异，人们选择同一名字时用意不一定相同。

用社会符号学研究汉民族的人名有助于了解汉民族的历史文化，但翻译人名时一般只译出指称意义，不译语用意义。

现在通用的方法是根据《汉语拼音方案》音译（transliteration）。

《汉语拼音方案》于1958年通过郑重的法律程序在全国推行。

专有名词翻译对照

专有名词翻译对照第一篇：专有名词翻译对照浅谈最优化理论在实际生活中的应用Application of The Optimization Theory in Actual Life 最优化理论The optimization theory第二篇：专有名词翻译（精选）翻译研究词语1.表情功能expressive function 2.词类转换conversion of word classes 3.词义空缺semantic zero 4.词义相符semantic correspondence 5.词义相异semantic non-correspondence 6词语层面 word level 7达 expressiveness 8段落层面paragraph level 9对应correspondence 10 翻译，笔译translation 11翻译标准translation criteria 12翻译策略translation strategy 13翻译腔translationese 14翻译学translation studies/translatology 15翻译原则principles of translation 16分析性analytic 17符际翻译intersemiotic translation 18惯用法意识sense of good usage 19归化domestication 20含义implicature/impliedmeaning 21呼唤功能vocative function 22化境sublimation 23话语discourse 24回指anaphoric 25加注法annotation 26减省法omission 27句法syntax 28句子层面sentence level 29科技文本text of science and technology 30可读性readability 31可译性translatability 32口译interpretation/interpreting 33口译译员interpreter 34跨文化交际cross-culturalcommunication 35连贯coherence 36连贯意识sense of coherence 37逻辑思维logical thinking 38美感功能aesthetic function 39目的性intentionality 40内指endophoric 41篇章层面discourse level 42情景语境context of situation 43认知功能cognitive function 44上下文co-text 45社会学符号sociosemiotics 46神似similarity in spirit47省略ellipsis 48释义法paraphrase 49述位 rheme 50 体裁 genre 51外指 exophoric 52文本/语篇 text 53文本类型text type 54 文化语境context of culture 55文化意识sense of culture 56文体/风格style 57衔接cohesion 58衔接结cohesive tie 59显性overtness 60校核proofreading 61信faithfulness/fidelity 62信息功能informative function 63形合hypotaxis 64形似similarity in form 65形象思维figurative thinking 66修辞层面rhetorical level 67雅elegance 68异化foreignization /alienation 69译文target text 70译文读者target-text readers 71译者translator 72意合parataxis 73意境ideorealm 74意译liberal translation 75音译transliteration 76隐性covertness 77语法意识sense of grammar 78语际翻译interlingual translation 79语境context 80语内翻译intralingual translation 81语文学philology 82语言学linguistics 83语义学semantics 84语音层面phonetic level 85语用学pragmatics 86语域register 87翻译语言的功能metalingual function 88原文source text/original text 89原文读者source-text readers 90蕴含意义connotation 91増词amplification/addition 92照应anaphora 93直译literal translation 94指称意义denotation 95主体性subjectivity 96主位theme 97转换transformation/transfer 98综合性synthetic 99作者writer/author中国文化特色词语英译1.拜年pay a New Year call 2.财运luck in making money 3.禅宗Chan Sect/Zen Sect 4.出家人ascetic 5.祠堂memorial temple 6.倒春寒an unusually cold spell in an otherwise warm early spring 7.道教Taoism 8.道士Taoist priest 9.法师Master 10.方丈Buddhist abbot 11.佛教Buddhism 12.恭喜发财May you be prosperous!/Wish you all the best!13.和尚Buddhist monk 14.红包red envelope containing money as a gift;(贬义用法)bribe/kickback 15.红运good luck 16.华表ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele 17.华盖canopy 18.回教Islam 19.慧根the organ of wisdom 20.基督教Christianity 21.甲骨文inscriptions onoracle bones 22.江南水乡the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River 23.戒 precept/discipline 24.金刚经Diamond Sutra 25.京剧票友Peking Opera fan 26.京剧人物脸谱types of facial make-up in Peking Opera 27.景泰蓝cloisonné 28.旧教/天主教Catholicism 29.坎儿井karez 30.空emptiness 31.喇嘛Lama 32.老字号an old and famous shop/enterprise 33.尼姑Buddhist nun 34.涅槃Nirvana 35.旗袍cheongsam 36.三藏经Triptaka 37.三教（儒、释、道）Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism 38.时运luck/fortune 39.四大皆空 all space directions being valid 40.新教,耶稣教Protestantism 41.真人Taoist pure man 42.族人clansman 43.坐禅sitting in meditation节假日1.春节Spring Festival 2.党的生日Party’s Birthday 3.端午节Dragon-Boat Festival 4.国庆节National Day 5.建军节Army Day 6.教师节Teachers’ Day 7.清明节Pure Brightness Day 8.国际儿童节International Children’s Day 9.三八妇女节International Working Women’s Day 10.五一International Labor Day 11.元旦New Year’s Day 12.元宵节Lantern Festival 13.中秋节Mid-Autumn Festival 14.重阳节Double-Ninth Festival政治经济活动1遵纪守法to observe discipline and abide by the law 2.走共同致富的道路to take the road to common prosperity 3.自留地individual farm plots 4自负盈亏to be responsible for one’s own profit and loss 5专业户specialized household 6重复建设to build redundant project 7治理整顿to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order 8治理三乱to put to a stop/eliminate indiscriminate fines，charges and levies 9政企分开 to separate government functions from enterprise management 10宰人rip-off 11有经济头脑的人commercially minded people 12优生优育to promote good prenatal and postnatal care 13以权谋私to abuse power for personal gains 14移风易俗to transform outmoded habit andcustom 15依法治国to rule the country in accordance with law 16一切向钱看money-mania 17一国两制one country，two systems 18一刀切 sweeping approach 19严防死守 life-and-death defense 20严打to crack down on crimes and social evils 21亚运村Asian Games Village 22姓社姓资问题distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism 23 星火计划Spark Program 24信息高速公路information highway 25小商品市场smalls fair 26小康生活to lead a relatively comfortable life 27乡镇企业 township enterprise 28下硬功夫 to make intensive efforts 29下海to take the plunge into private business 30下岗人员the laid-off 31物质文明material progress 32五讲四美运动the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”：to promote civility，courtesy，tidiness，orderliness and integrity 33五讲四美三热爱five stresses，four points of beauty and three aspects of love 34五好家庭 five-virtue family 35温饱问题the problem of inadequate food and clothing 36晚婚晚育 late marriage and postponement of childbearing 37歪风邪气unhealthy practices and evil phenomena 38脱贫to shake off poverty 39退居二线to leave the leading post 40四有公民citizens who have high ideals，moral integrity，a good education and a strong sense of discipline 41十年规划和“八五”计划纲要the guidelines of the Ten-Year Programme and the Eighth Five-Year Plan 42十年**the ten chaotic years 43涉外婚姻Chinese marriage with foreign nationals 44扫黄anti-pornography drive 45三资企业e nterprises in the “three forms of ventures”：Sino-foreign joint ventures，cooperative businessesand exclusively foreign-ownedenterprises 46三峡工程Three Gorges Straits 47三通three direct links of trade，mail and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits 48三角债 debt chains 49权力下放to delegate50全民所有制public ownership 51勤俭建国to build the country with industry and thrift 52农转非agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status 53南水北调工程projects to divert water from the south to the north 54 磨洋工to dawdle along 55民工out-of-town laborer 56乱涨价 unauthorized price rise 57 乱摊派indiscriminate levies 58龙头 to play a leading role in 59 领导班子leading body 60廉政建设 construction of a clean government 61 亏损企业enterprises running in the red 62跨世纪工程a trans-century project 63可持续发展 sustainable development 64科教兴国战略the strategy of developing the country by relying on science and education 65科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force 66康居工程 the Affordable Housing Project 67开展扫黄打非斗争to crack down on pornography and other illegal publications 68军转民 military conversion 69九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 70纠正不正之风 to rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices 71纠风办State Council Office for Rectification 72精神文明建设to promote cultural and ethical progress 73精简机构to streamline government organs 74经济特区 special economic zone 75经济开发区economic development zone 76戒急用忍to overcome impetuosity and exercise patience 77解放生产力to emancipate the productive forces 78讲学习，讲政治，讲正气的党性党风教育to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies，political awareness and integrity 79讲文明礼貌to promote civilized behavior 80减员增效，下岗分流 to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoffs re-employed elsewhere 81坚持两个文明一起抓 to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advanced both materially and culturally and ideologically 82假日经济 holiday economy 83计划生育 familyplanning 84集体主义 community spirit 85基本国情 fundamental realities of the country 86火炬计划Torch Program（a plan to develop new and high technology）87灰色收入income from moonlighting 88户主head of a household 89户口管理制度domicile system 90户口簿 residence booklet 91红筹股red-chip shares；red chips 92黑社会Mafia-styleorganizations； gangland 93黑店 gangster inn 94黑客hacker 95和平演变 peaceful evolution towards capitalism 96和平统一，一国两制的方针the policy of peaceful reunification and the principle of “one country，two systems”97和平共处五项原则the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 98国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 99长期国库券treasury bonds 100官倒official profiteering 101挂靠to be attached or affiliated to 102公款吃喝 banquet at public expense 103公费医疗 medical services at state expense 104 革命老根据地the old revolutionary base areas 105搞活经济to invigorate the economy 106 搞活国营大中型企业to invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 107 高新技术产业开发区high and new technological industry development zone 108港人治港Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong 109改革开放reform and opening to the outside world 110改革开放政策 the reform and open policy 111福利分房welfare-oriented public housing distribution system 112扶贫poverty alleviation 113房管real estate management 114防洪工程flood-prevention project 115发展是硬道理 Development is of overriding importance 116第三产业tertiary industry 117第二职业 second employment 118倒爷 profiteer 119党性one’s Party morale 120党群关系 Party-masses relationship 121待业job-waiting 122大腕top notch （singer etc.）123大排档 sidewalk snack booth 124大路货staplegoods 125打破僵局to break the deadlock 126打假to crack down on counterfeit goods 127打白条to issue IOUs 128磁悬浮列车magnetic suspension 129春运（passenger）transportation during the Spring Festival 130传销pyramid selling 131吃皇粮 to receive salaries，subsidies，or other supported from the government 132吃大锅饭the egalitarian practice of“everybody eating from the same big pot” 133超计划生育to have more children than what is planned 134参政议政意识 the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs 135菜篮子工程 the shopping basketproject 136部优产品Ministry-recognizedquality goods 137不正之风 unhealthy practice（tendency）138不良风气 unhealthy ways and customs 139不合理收费，集资和摊牌 to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization 140不顾条件，一哄而起to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions 141拨乱反正 to set things right 142 变相涨价disguised inflation 143本位主义departmentalism 144保重点，不撒胡椒面 Resources must be channeled to priority projects and not spread thinly everywhere 145包干到户work contracted to households 146半拉子工程uncompleted project 147摆门面 to put up an impressive front 148百年不遇 once-in-a-century 149百花齐放，百家争鸣Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend 150把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处 to get the set principles，policies and measures implemented 151把眼光放远一些 to have a broad view 152把握正确的舆论导向 to properly guide the public opinion 153按劳分配distribution according to one’s performance 154安居工程Housing Project for low-income families 155“一条龙”服务coordinated-process service 156“豆腐渣”工程jerry-built project 157“达标”活动“target hitting” activities节气1大寒Greater Cold 2小寒Lesser Cold 3冬至the Winter Solstice 4大雪Greater Snow 5小雪Lesser Snow 6立冬the Beginning of Winter 7霜降Frost’s Descent 8秋分the Autumnal Equinox 9白露White Dew 10处暑the Limit of Heat 11立秋the Beginning of Autumn 12大暑Great Heat 13小暑Slight Heat 14夏至the Summer Solstice 15芒种 Grain in Ear 16小满Grain Full 17立夏the Beginning of Summer 18谷雨Grain Rain 19清明Pure Brightness 20春分the Spring Equinox 21惊蛰the Waking of Insects 22雨水Rain Water 23立春the Beginning of Spring 24寒露Cold Dew 25二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms第三篇：四级翻译专有名词汇总..[在此处键入]四级翻译专有名词汇总1.中国历史与文化京剧 Peking opera 秦腔 Qin opera 功夫Kung Fu 太极Tai Chi 口技 ventriloquism 木偶戏puppet show 皮影戏 shadow play 折子戏 opera highlights 杂技 acrobatics相声 witty dialogue comedy 刺绣 embroidery苏绣 Suzhou embroidery 泥人 clay figure 书法 calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting 水墨画Chinese brush painting 中国结Chinese knot 中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药 gunpowder 印刷术printing 造纸术paper-making 指南针the compass 青铜器bronze ware 瓷器porcelain;china 唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne 秋千swing 武术martial arts 儒家思想Confucianism 儒家文化Confucian culture 道教Taoism 墨家Mohism 法家Legalism 佛教Buddhism 孔子Confucius 孟子Mencius 老子 Lao Tzu 庄子 Chuang Tzu 墨子 Mo Tzu[在此处键入]孙子Sun Tzu 象形文字 pictographic characters 文房四宝(笔墨纸研)the Four Treasures of the Study(brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)《大学》The Great Learning 《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean 《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《孟子》The Mencius 《孙子兵法》The Art of War 《三国演义》Three Kingdoms 《西游爷己》Journey to the West 《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes 《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror 《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals 《史记》Historical Records 《诗经》The Book of Songs 《易经》The I Ching;The Book of Changes 《礼记》The Book of Rites 《三字经》Three-character Scriptures 八股文eight-part essay 五言绝句five-character quatrain 七言律诗seven-character octave 旗袍cheongsam 中山装Chinese tunic suit 唐装Tang suit 风水Feng Shui;geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar 阴历 Lunar calendar 闰年 leap year 十二生肖zodiac 春节 the Spring Festival 元宵节 the Lantern Festival 清明节 the T omb-sweeping Day 端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival 中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day 重阳节 the Double-ninth Day 七夕节 the Double-seventh Day 春联 spring couplets 庙会 temple fair 爆竹firecracker[在此处键入]年画(traditional)New Year pictures 压岁钱New Year gift-money 舞龙dragon dance 元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings 花灯festival lantern 灯谜lantern riddle 舞狮lion dance 踩高跷stilt walking 赛龙舟 dragon boat race 胡同hutong 山东菜 Shandong cuisine 川菜 Sichuan cuisine 粤菜 Canton cuisine 扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine 月饼moon cake 年糕rice cake 油条deep-fried dough sticks 豆浆 soybean milk 馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls 包子 steamed stuffed buns 北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck 拉面hand-stretched noodles 馄饨wonton(dumplings in soup)豆腐tofu? bean curd 麻花 fried dough twist 烧饼 clay oven rolls 皮蛋100-year egg;century egg 蛋炒饭fried rice with egg 糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks 火锅hot pot 长城 the Great Wall of China 烽火台beacon tower 秦台皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses 大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda 丝绸之路the Silk Road 敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes 华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs 五台山"Wutai Mountain 九华山 Jiuhua Mountain 蛾眉山Mount Emei 泰山 Mount Tai [在此处键入]黄山Mount Huangshan;the Yellow Mountain 故宫the Imperial Palace 天坛 the Temple of Heaven 午门 Meridian Gate 大运河Grand Canal 护城河the Moat 回音壁Echo Wall 居庸关Juyongguan Pass 九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall 黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi 十三陵 the Ming Tombs 苏州园林 Suzhou gardens 西湖 West Lake 九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley 日月潭 Sun Moon Lake 布达拉宫Potala Palace 鼓楼 drum tower 四合院quadrangle;courtyard complex 孔庙Confucius Temple 乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha 十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha 喇嘛Lama2.中国经济总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply 企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象corporate image(Cl);enterprise image 跨国公司cross-national corporation 创业精神enterprising spirit;pioneering spirit 外资企业foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业information industry 知识密集型产业knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises[在此处键入]轻工业light industry 博彩业lottery industry 制造业manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力purchasing power 牛市bull market 城镇化urbanization 房地产real estate 首付down-payment 业主home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 经济全球化 economic globalization 经济特区special economic zones(SEZ)经济增长economic growth 泡沫经济 bubble economy 关税tariff 纳税人tax payer 宏观经济macro economy 货币投放量the size of money supply 流动性过剩excess liquidity 经济过热 overheated economy 通货膨胀inflation 抑制通货膨胀curb inflation 注入流动性 to inject liquidity 贴现率discount rate 存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio(RRR)公开市场业务open market operation(OMO)逆回购reverse repurchase agreement;reverse repo 引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy 微调货币政策to fine-tune monetary policy 硬着陆 hard landing 软着陆 soft landing 二十国集团 Group of Twenty(G2O)财政部长 Finance Minister 全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year 经济活力economic vitality 大规模经济刺激计划 a massive economic stimulus package 结构改革 structural reform 硬资产 hard assets [在此处键入]软资产 soft assets 有形资产 tangible assets 经济走廊 economic corridor 整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order 反垄断antitrust;anti-monopoly 定价浮动 price fluctuations 谋求利益最大化 to maximize profit 债务审计audit of debt 地方性政府债务 local government debt/liability 公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system 债务管理 debt management 信用支持 creditsupport 3.中国社会多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障social security 班车shuttle bus 相定迁户a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 household management service 民工migrant laborers 名人celebrity 农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期puberty 全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查nationwide census 性骚扰sexual harassment 走私smuggling 性别歧视gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视age discrimination 工作歧视job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲illiteracy 贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版pirated/illegal copies 一国两制One Country, Two Systems 三个代表the Three Represents Theory 两会(人大、政协)Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation[在此处键入]南北对话 North-South Dialog 人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committee 法制观念awareness of law 法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system 改革开放reform and opening-up 公务员civil servants 官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存harmonious coexistence 计划生育family planning 计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning 精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会neighborhood committee 科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development 廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency 两岸关系cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领土完整territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system 求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member 毕业生分配graduate placement;assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府institution of higher education 综合性大学comprehensive university 文科院校colleges of(liberal)arts 理工科大学college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teache rs’ college;normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college)entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan 教育界education circle 教育投入input in education 九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education 考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization 小康社会 a well-off society[在此处键入]小康水平a well-off standard 一个中国原则the one-China principle 与时俱进keep pace with the times 综合国力overall national strength 共同愿望common desire “走出去”(战略)going global 不结盟non-alignment 单边主义unilateralism 多边政策multilateralism 多极世界multipolar world 人口老龄化aging of population 人口出生率birth rate 社区服务 community service 道德法庭court of ethics 盗用公款embezzlement 成人夜校night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育political and ideological education第四篇：国际贸易专有名词及翻译1.Uneven distributionparative advantage3.absolute advantage.4 cost advantagemarket share economies of scale labor /capital /tech/resource intensive economy supplying /demandingcountry 1.2.比较优势 3绝对优势4.成本优势5.市场份额 6 规模经济7劳动/资金/技术/资源密集型经济8供给/需求国9.Foreign/local currency 10.Exchange rate 11.Target market 12.Export license 13.Quota 14.Cargo flow : import/export /transit trade 9.外/本币 10.汇率 11.目标市场 12.出口许可证 13.定量、配额14:（进、出口、过境）贸易 15.Credit referencemodity inspection 17.Customs clearance18.Direct /indirect/ Entrepot trade 19.International/Domestic trade 20.Export license15.资信证明16.商检17.清关、结关18.直接、间接、转口贸易19.国际、国内贸易20 出口许可证21.General/Specialtrade 22.Direct / Indirect trade23.Forms of good: Visible/ Invisible Goods trade24.：settlement instrument：Barter/ free-liquidation trade21.一般贸易/特殊贸易22.直接/间接贸易23.有形、无形产品贸易 24.易货、自由结算贸易mate’s receipt收货单、大副收据 shipping note装货通知单the bill of lading提单shipping advice 发货通知书1.consumer durables2.quote a price3.cross-border transactions4.customary practice5.loading fee6.dividing line7.actual delivery 1.耐用消费品2.报价3.跨境（国界）交易4.惯例5.装载费6.分界线7.实际交货１０．arrival contract 11.Customs clearance 12.Customs formalities 13.delivery 14.inspection15.Means of transport １０.到达合同 1１.清关、结关 1２.报关手续 1３.交货 1４.检验 1５.运输工具16.Mode of transport17.Shipment contract 18.Symbolic delivery19.Transfer of risks16.运输方式１７．装运合同 19.象征交货20.风险转移1: INCOTERMS 2010(Rules for the interpretation of Trade Terms 2010)2:ICC3:RAFD(Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions)4: QC1.2010年国际贸易术语(通则）2.国际商会3.美国对外贸易定义修正本4.质量控制、质量管理1.EXW(EX works)工厂交货2.FCA(Free Carrier)货交承运人3.CPT(Carriage Paid To)运费付至4.CIP(Carriage and lnsurance Paid to)运费、保险费付至5.DAT(Delivered At Terminal)运输终端交货6.DAP(Delivered At Place)目的地交货7.DDP(Delivered Duty Paid)完税后交货 8.FAS(Free Along Side)船边交货9.FOB(Free On Board)船上交货10.CFR(Cost and Freight)成本加运费11.CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight)成本、保险加运费• 1：FOB liner terms(FOB班轮条件): •buyer for all• 2：FOB under tackle（FOB吊钩下交货）:buyer pays from the moment goods under thetackle • 3：FOB –stowed（FOB包括理舱费）: • seller loading and stowing• 4：FOB Trimmed（FOB包括平舱费）: seller loading、trimming • 5：FOB stowed and trimmed（FOB包括理、平舱费•seller loading stowing and trimming1、firm offers2、offeror3、offeree4、terminate 5.acceptance 6 Counter-offer7.enquiry8.irrevocable offer 9 withdraw of an offer1.实盘2.发盘方（人）3.受盘方（人）终止 5.接受 6.还盘7.询价8.不可撤销发盘9.撤回发盘9 Validity periodquotation of an offer 11 Quote CISG（United Nations Convention on Contracts of International Sales of Goods)９有效期报盘国际货物销售合同公约形式发票（Proforma Invoice）报价单（Quotation）订单(Order)Prices quoted should include insurance and freight to Liverpool.报价应包括到利物浦的保险费和运费• 执事先生：•从澳大利亚大使馆得悉贵公司在澳大利亚是出口羊毛材料的一家大公司。

英汉互译简明教程(第二版)课件14 第四篇专有名词的翻译

3. 机构名称的翻译 3.1 音译
世界著名企业名称和品牌通常都有约定俗成的译法，其中很多采用的是音译，如： • Nike 耐克 • Michelin 米其林 • Cadillac 凯迪拉克 • Phillips 飞利浦 • Maxwell 麦斯威尔
专有名词英译汉
3. 机构名称的翻译 3.2 意译
• 如：中国北京清华大学28号楼502室，应翻译为Room 502, Dormitory Building 28, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China。
• 中文地址翻译成英文的顺序是：X室、X号、X路/街、X区 /县、X市、X省，然后是中国。
3.中文地址的英译
其汉英对照如下：
1. 汉语地名的翻译方法
汉语地名翻译通常采用汉语拼音加直译的方法。 1.1 一般专名加通名构成汉语地名的翻译
这类情况通常将专名译作汉语拼音，然后再意译通名，例如： • 珠海市 Zhuhai City • 王府井商业街 Wangfujing Shopping Mall • 青藏高原 the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau • 四川盆地 the Sichuan Basin • 京杭运河 the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal
香山 Xiangshan Hill, 象鼻山 the Elephant Hill • Peak （山峰）
莲花峰 the Lotus Peak, 独秀峰 the Singular Beauty Peak
1. 汉语地名的翻译方法
1.5 通名为不同汉字的同一种译法与前面相反，不同的汉字在很多情况下可英译为同一个单词。譬如“江、河、水、溪”都统一英译为river，如：
• 长江 the Yangtze River • 黄河 the Yellow River • 珠江 the Pearl River • 古田溪 the Gutian River

新人教版高中英语必修第一册单词表word版

新人教版高中英语必修第一册单词表word版2019新人教版高中英语必修第一册单词表word版Words and expressions in Each Unit注：黑体部分为课标词和短语；白体部分为非课标词；专有名词在每单元词表后面单独列出B1 Wele Unit1. exchange /ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/n. 交换; 交流; 交易vt. 交换; 交流；交易; 兑换2. lecture /ˈlektʃə(r)/n. 讲座；讲课；教训vi. （开）讲座；讲课vt. 训斥3. registration /ˌredʒɪˈstreɪʃn /n. 登记；注册；挂号4. register/ ˈredʒɪstə(r) /vt.& vi登. 记；注册5. sex /seks/ n.性别6. female /ˈfi:meɪl/adj. 女(性)的; 雌性的n. 雌性动（植）物；女子7. male / meɪl/adj. 男(性)的; 雄的n. 雄性动（植）物；男子8. nationality /ˌnæʃəˈnæləti/ n. 国籍; 民族9. nation / ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家; 民族; 国民10. designer /dɪˈzaɪnə(r)/ n. 设计者11. design / dɪˈzaɪn /n. 设计; 设计方案vt. 设计；筹划12. campus / ˈkæmpəs / n. 校园; 校区13. formal / ˈfɔ:ml / adj.正式的；正规的14. anxious / ˈæŋkʃəs /adj. 焦虑的; 不安的15. annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/adj. 恼怒的；生气的16. annoy /əˈnɔɪ/ vt. 使恼怒；打扰17. frightened /ˈfraɪtnd/adj.惊吓的；害怕的18. senior /ˈsi:nɪə(r)/adj. 级别（或地位）高的n. 较年长的人19. senior high school（美国）高中20. at last 终于; 最后21. outgoing / ˈaʊtgəʊɪŋ /adj. 爱交际的；外向的22. impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象；感想23. impress /ɪmˈpres/vt. 使钦佩；给...留下深刻的好印象vi. 留下印象；引人注目24. make an impression 留下好印象25. what if 如果…会怎么样呢？26. guy / gaɪ / n. 小伙子；男人；家伙27. concentrate / ˈkɒnsntreɪt /vt.&vi. 集中（注意力）；聚集会神28. concentrate on 集中精力于29. experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/ n. 实验；试验30. leave...alone 不打扰, 不惊动31. awkward / ˈɔ:kwə d /adj. 令人尴尬的; 难对付的32. junior / ˈdʒu:nɪə(r)/adj.地位（或职位、级别）低下的n. 职位较低者; （体育运动中）青少年33. junior high school （美国）初级中学34. explore / ɪkˈsplɔ:(r)/ vt.& vi. 探索；勘探35. confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/adj. 自信的；有把握的36. confidence /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/n. 信心; 信任37. forward / ˈfɔ:wə d /adv. （also forwards）向前;前进adj. 向前的;前进的38. look forward to 盼望；期待39. take notes 记笔记40. flash /[flæʃ/n. 闪光; 信号vi. 闪耀；闪光；发出信号vt. 使闪耀；发出（信号）41. flash card 教学卡片；识字卡42. organise [NAmE-ize] /ɔ:(r)gənaɪz/vt. 组织；筹备；安排；组建vi. 组建；成立43. organisation [NAmE-ization]/ˌɔ:gənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 组织; 团体; 机构44. goal / [gəʊl / n. 目标; 球门; 射门45. strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略；策划46. partner / ˈpɑ:tnə(r)/ n. 同伴; 配偶；合伙人47. improve /ɪmˈpru:v/ vt.& vi. 改进；改善48. curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/adj. 好奇的; 求知欲强的49. pany / ˈkʌmpəni/ n. 公司；商行; 陪伴50. personality /ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti / n. 性格；个性51. style / staɪl/ n. 方式; 作风52. revise / rɪˈvaɪz/ vt.& vi. 修改; 修订；复习B1 Unit 11. teenage / ˈti:neɪdʒ/adj. 十几岁的（指13至19岁）; 青少年的2. teenager / ˈti:neɪdʒə(r)/n. （13至19岁之间的）青少年3. ballet /ˈbæleɪ/n. 芭蕾舞；芭蕾舞剧4. volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)/ n. 志愿者5. debate /dɪbeɪt/n．辩论；争论vt．& vi辩论；争论6. prefer / prɪˈfɜ:(r)/ vt. 更喜欢7. prefer…to… 喜欢……多于……8. content / kɒntent / n. 内容;[pl] 目录; （书、讲话、节目等的）主题9. movement /mu:vmənt /n. 动作；运动; 活动10. greenhouse /gri:nhaʊs/ n. 温室；暖房11. clean up 打扫（或清除）干净12. suitable /ˈsu:təbl/ adj. 适合的；适用的13. suitable for 对……适合的14. actually /ˈæktʃʊəli/ adv. 事实上; 的确15. challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/n.挑战；艰巨任务vt. 怀疑；向……挑战16. title /ˈtaɪtl/n.（书、诗歌等的）名称；标题；职称；头衔17. topic /ˈtɒpɪk/ n. 话题; 标题18. freshman / ˈfreʃmən / n.（especially NAmE）（中学）九年级学生；（大学）一年级新生19. confusing /kənˈfju:zɪŋ/adj.难以理解的；不清楚的20. confuse /kənfju:z/ vt. 使糊涂；使迷惑21. confused /kənˈfju:zd/adj. 糊涂的；迷惑的22. fluent /flu:ənt/adj. （尤指外语）流利的；熟练的23. graduate/ɡrædʒueɪt/ vi. & vt．毕业；获得学位/ɡrædʒʊət/ n. 毕业生24. remend /ˌrekəˈmend/vt. 建议；推荐；介绍25. sign up ( for sth) 报名（参加课程）26. advanced /ədˈvɑ:nst/adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的27. advance /ədˈvɑ:ns/n. 前进；发展vi. 前进；发展vt. 发展；促进28. literature / ˈlɪtrətʃə(r)/n. 文学; 文学作品29. extra-curricular /ˌekstrəkərɪkjʊlə(r)/adj. 课外的; 课程以外的29. extra /ekstrə/ adj. 额外的；附加的30. obviously /ɒbviəsli/ adv. 显然；明显地31. quit / kwɪt/ vi. & vt. （quit，quit，quitting）停止；戒掉；离开（工作职位、学校等）32. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj. 负责的；有责任的33. responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/n.责任；义务34. be responsible for 对……负责任35. solution / səˈlu:ʃn/n. 解决办法; 答案36. schedule /ˈʃedju:l ；NAmE ˈˈskedʒu:l / n.工作计划；日程安排vt. 安排；预定37. editor /ˈedɪtə(r)/ n. 主编；编辑；编者38. plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘子，碟子39. adventure /ədˈventʃə(r)/ n. 冒险; 奇遇40. youth /ju:θ/n. 青年时期; 青春41. survival /səˈvaɪvl / n. 生存；幸存；幸存事务42. expert /ekspɜːt/n. 专家；行家adj. 熟练的；内行的；专家的43. behaviour /bɪˈheɪvjə(r)/n. 行为; 举止44. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/n. 一代（人）45. attract /ətrækt/vt. 吸引；引起……的注意（或兴趣）46. be attracted to 喜爱47. focus /ˈfəʊkəs /vi.&vt.集中（精力、注意力等）;（使）调节焦距n. 中心；重点；焦点48. focus on 集中；特别关注49. addicted /əˈdɪktɪd/adj. 有瘾的；上瘾的；入迷的50. addict /ˈædɪkt/n. 对…入迷的人；吸毒成瘾的人51. addicted to 对……很入迷52. adult /ˈædʌlt/n. 成年人adj. 成年的；成熟的B1 Unit 21. castle / kɑ:sl/n. 城堡；堡垒2. apply /əˈplaɪ/ vi. &vt.申请；请求vt. 应用; 涂（油漆、乳剂）3. apply for 申请4. visa /ˈvi:zə/ n. 签证5. rent / rent/vt. 租用；出租vi. 租用；租金为n. 租金6. pack /pæk/vi. & vt. 收拾（行李）vt. 包装n. （商品的）纸包；纸袋；大包7. amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/adj. 令人惊奇的；令人惊喜的8. amazed /əˈmeɪzd /adj.惊奇的；惊喜的9. arrangement /əˈreɪndʒmənt/ n. 安排；筹备10. extremely /kˈstri:mli / adv. 极其; 非常11. source /sɔ:s/ n. 来源；出处12. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/adj. 狭窄的vi.& vt.（使）变窄13. flat / flæt /adj.平坦的; 扁平的n. 公寓; 单元房14. powerful /paʊəfl /adj. 强有力的；有权势的；有影响力的15. empire /ˈempaɪə(r)/ n. 帝国16. emperor /ˈempərə(r)/ n. 皇帝17. site / saɪt / n. 地点；位置；现场18. take control of 控制; 接管19. official /əfɪʃl/adj. 官方的；正式的; 公务的n.官员；要员20. recognise [ NAmE -ize] /ˈrekəgnaɪz/ vt. 辨别出; 承认; 认可21. type /taɪp/n. 类型; 种类vi. & vt. 打字22. flight /flaɪt/ n. 空中航行; 航班；航程23. acmodation /əˈkɒməˌdeɪʃn/n. 住处；停留处；膳宿24. unique /juˈni:k /adj. 唯一的；独特的; 特有的25. path / pɑ:θ/n. 小路; 路线；道路26. destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/n. 目的地；终点27. other than 除…以外28. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/vt. 钦佩；赞赏29. architecture /ˈɑ:kɪtektʃə(r) /n. 建筑设计；建筑学30. architect /ˈɑ:kɪtekt / n. 建筑设计师31. brochure /ˈbrəʊʃə(r); NAmE broʊˈʃur/ n. 资料（或广告）手册32. package /ˈpækɪdʒ/n. 包裹; 包装盒vt. 将…包装好33. package tour 包价旅游34. contact /ˈkɒntækt /vt. 联络；联系n. 联系；接触35. civilisation [NAmE -ization]/ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/n.文明；文明世界36. make up 构成；形成37. soldier /ˈsəʊldʒə(r)/ n. 士兵; 军人38. transport /ˈtrænspɔ:t/ n. （especially BrE）（NAmE usually transportation）交通运输系统vt. / trænˈspɔ:t / 运输；运送39. hike / haɪk /vi. 徒步旅行vt. 去……远足n. 远足; 徒步旅行40. economy /ɪˈkɒnəmɪ/ n. 经济; 节约41. economic /ˌi:kəˈnɒmɪk/adj. 经济（上）的; 经济学的42. credit /ˈkredɪt/n. 借款；信用; 称赞; 学分43. credit card 信用卡44. detail /ˈdi:teɪl /n. 细节；详情；细微之处45. check in (在旅馆、机场等)登记46. check out 结账离开（旅馆等）47. request /rɪkwest/n.（正式或礼貌的）要求；请求vt. （正式或礼貌地）要求；请求48. view / vju:/ n.视野；景色；看法49. sight /saɪt/ n.景象; 视野; 视力50. statue /ˈstætʃu:/ n. 雕塑；雕像51. BCE /ˌbi:si:ˈi:/ (=before the Commom Era)公元前52. tomb / tu:m / n. 坟墓53. unearth /unˈɜ:θ/vt. 挖掘；发掘54. ment /ˈkɒment/n. 议论；评论vi.& vt. 发表意见；评论B1 Unit 31. fitness /ˈfɪtnəs/ n.健康; 健壮；适合2. soccer / ˈsɒkə(r)/ n.足球；足球运动3. stadium / ˈsteɪdiəm/ n.（pl. stadiums or stadia）体育场; 运动场4. boxing / ˈbɒksɪŋ / n.拳击（运动）5. badminton / ˈbædmɪntən/ n.羽毛球运动6. marathon / ˈmærəθən/ n.马拉松赛跑7. event / ɪˈvent/ n.比赛项目；大事；公开活动8. e along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快9. ski / ski:/adj. 滑雪的 vi.滑雪10. host /həʊst/vt. 主办；主持n. 主人；东道主；节目主持人11. track /træk/ n. 跑道；足迹；铁路轨道vi.& vt.追踪；跟踪12. track and field 田径13. gym / dʒɪm / n. 健身房; 体育馆14. gymnastics / dʒɪmˈnæstɪks /n. 体操（训练）15. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决16. sweat / swet /vt. 使出汗；出汗弄湿vi.出汗；流汗n.汗水; 出汗17. make it 获得成功；准时到达18. legend / ˈledʒənd /n. 传奇故事（或人物）；传说19. athlete /ˈæθli:t/ n. 运动员；运动健儿20. master / ˈmɑ:stə(r)/n. 高手; 主人vt. 精通；掌握21. set an example 树立榜样22. honour /ɒnə(r)/ n. 荣誉；尊重；荣幸23. glory / ˈglɔ:ri / n. 荣誉；光荣；赞美24. medal / ˈmedl/ n. 奖章; 勋章25. championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp /n. 锦标赛; 冠军赛；冠军称号26. champion / ˈtʃæmpiən/n. 冠军; 优胜者27. determination /dɪˌtɜ:mɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 决心；决定28. apart / əˈpɑ:t /adv.分离；分开；成碎片29. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃30. injure / ˈɪndʒə(r)/ vt. 使受伤；损害31. injured / ˈɪndʒə d /adj. 受伤的；有伤的32. injury / ˈɪndʒəri / n. 伤害；损伤33. captain / ˈkæptɪn /n. (运动队）队长；船长；机长34. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气35. graceful /greɪsfl/adj. 优美的；优雅的36. strength / streŋθ/ n.力量；体力37. failure / ˈfeɪljə(r) /n. 失败；失败的人（或事物）38. give up 放弃；投降39. pete / kəmˈpi:t / vi. 竞争；对抗40. make sense有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚41. pretend /prɪˈtend/vi.& vt.假装；装扮42. pretend to do sth 假装做某事43. even if/though 即使；虽然44. million / ˈmɪljən / num. —百万45. cheat / tʃi:t /vi.作弊；舞弊vt.欺骗；蒙骗n.欺骗手段；骗子46. audience / ˈɔːdiəns / n.观众；听众47. positive / ˈpɒzətɪv /adj. 积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的48. slim / slɪm / adj. 苗条的；单薄的49. diet / ˈdaɪət /n. 规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食50. make a difference有作用或影响51. rather / ˈrɑ:ðə(r) / adv. 相当；有点儿52. rather than 而不是53. push-up / pʊʃʌp /n. ( especially NAmE ) 俯卧撑54. cut ... out停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下55. now and then有时；偶尔56. pare… with/to… 与……比较57. jog / dʒɒg /vi.慢跑n.慢跑58. stress /stres/n.压力；紧张；重音vt. 强调；重读；使焦虑不安vi. 焦虑不安59. error / ˈerə(r)] / n. 错误；差错B1 Unit 41. disaster / dɪˈzɑ:stə(r) / n.灾难；灾害2. tornado /tɔ:ˈneɪdəʊ /n.(pl. -oes or-os) 龙卷风；旋风3. drought / draʊt / n.旱灾；久旱4. landslide / ˈlændslaɪ d /n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡5. slide / slaɪ d / vi. & vt. (使）滑行；滑动6. tsunami / tsu:ˈnɑ:mi / n. 海啸7. flood / flʌ d / n. 洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没8. volcanic eruption / vɒlˈkænɪk ɪˈrʌpʃn /火山喷发9. magnitude / ˈmægnɪtju:d / n. (地）震级；重大10. rescue / ˈreskju: / n.& vt. 营救；救援11. damage / ˈdæmɪdʒ /vt. 损害；破坏n.损坏；损失12. destroy /dɪstrɔɪ/ vt.摧毁；毁灭13. evacuate / ɪˈvækjueɪt /vt. 疏散；撤出vi. 撤离14. helicopter / ˈhelɪkɒptə(r)/ n. 直升机15. death/ deθ/ n. 死；死亡16. affect /əfekt/vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动17. shelter/ʃeltə/n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi. 躲避（风雨或危险）18. crack /kræk/n.裂纹；裂缝vi. & vt. (使）破裂19. as if 似乎；好像；仿佛20. ruin /ru:ɪn/ n. & vt. 破坏；毁坏21. in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪22. percent / pəˈsent /n. 百分之 ....adj. &adv. 每一百中23. brick /brɪk/ n. 砖；砖块24. metal /metl/ n. 金属25. shock /ʃɒk/n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使）震惊26. in shock 震惊；吃惊27. electricity / ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti / n.电；电能28. trap /træp/vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套n. 险境；陷阱29. bury / ˈberi / vt.埋葬；安葬30. breathe / bri:ð / vi.& vt.呼吸31. revive / rɪˈvaɪv /vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒32. revival / rɪˈvaɪvl/ n. 振兴；复苏33. effort /efət / n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力34. unify / ˈju:nɪfaɪ /vi.& vt. 统一；（使）成一体35. wisdom / ˈwɪzdəm / n. 智慧；才智36. context/ ˈkɒntekst / n. 上下文；语境；背景37. suffer / ˈsʌfə(r) /vt. 遭受；蒙受vi. (因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦38. volcano / vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ / n. （pl. -oes or -os）火山39. erupt / ɪˈrʌpt /vi.& vt. (火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出40. supply / səˈplaɪ /n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品vt. 供应；供给41. typhoon / taɪˈfu:n / n.台风42. in the open air 露天；在户外43. hurricane / ˈhʌrɪkən / n . (尤指大西洋的）飓风44. survive / səˈvaɪv/vt. 幸存；艰难度过vi.生存；存活45. power / ˈpaʊə(r) /n.电力供应；力量；控制力46. tap / tæp/vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲47. pipe/ paɪp/ n.管子；管道48. whistle / ˈwɪsl /vi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n. 哨子（声）；呼啸声49. emergency/ iˈmɜ:dʒənsi /n. 突发事件；紧急情况50. calm / kɑ:m /adj.镇静的；沉着的vt. 使平静；使镇静50. aid / eɪ d /n.援助；帮助；救援物资vi.& vt. (formal)帮助；援助51. kit / kɪt / n. 成套工具；成套设备52. first aid kit 急救箱53. on hand 现有（尤指帮助）54. crash / kræʃ/vi.& vt. 碰撞；撞击n. 撞车；碰撞55. sweep /swi:p/vt. & vi. ( swept,swept) 打扫；清扫56. sweep away 消灭；彻底消除57. wave / weɪv /n.海浪；波浪vi.& vt.挥手；招手58. strike / straɪk /vi.& vt. (struck, struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打n.罢工；罢课；袭击59. deliver/ dɪˈlɪvə(r) /vt. & vi.递送；传达vt. 发表60. summary /ˈsʌməri / n. 总结；概括；概要61. effect / ɪˈfekt / n. 影响；结果；效果62. length/ leŋθ/ n.长；长度B1 Unit 51. billion / ˈbɪljən / n.十亿2. native / ˈneɪtɪv /adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n.本地人3. attitude / ˈætɪtju:d ; NAmE ætitu:d/ n.态度；看法4. reference / ˈrefrəns / n.指称关系；参考5. refer/rɪˈfɜ:(r)/vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫……求助于6. refer to 指的是；描述；提到；查阅7. system / ˈsɪstəm / n.体系；制度；系统8. despite / dɪˈspaɪt / prep.即使；尽管9. ups and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱10. factor /ˈfæktə(r)/ n.因素；要素11. based /beist/adj.以（某事）为基础的；以……为重要部分（或特征）的12. base /beɪs/vt.以...为据点；以....为基础n.底部；根据13. date back (to) ... 追溯到14. bone /bəʊn/ n.骨头；骨（质）15. shell/ʃel/ n.壳；壳状物16. symbol / ˈsɪmbl / n. 符号；象征17. carve /kɑ:v / vi.& vt.雕刻18. dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti; NAmE dai-/ n. 王朝；朝代19. variety /vəˈraɪətɪ/n. (植物、语言等的）变体；异体；多样化20. major / ˈmeɪdʒə(r) /adj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修课程；主修学生vi.主修；专门研究21. no matter where, who, what, etc.不论……；不管……22. dialect /daɪəlekt/ n. 地方话；方言23. means /mi:nz/ n.方式；方法；途径24. classic / ˈklæsɪk /adj.传统的；最优秀的；典型的n. 经典作品；名著25. regard / rɪˈgɑ:d /n. 尊重；关注vt. 把... 视为；看待26. character /kærəktə(r)/n. 文字；符号；角色；品质；特点27. calligraphy / kəˈlɪɡrəfi / n.书法；书法艺术28. global /gləʊbəl/ adj. 全球的；全世界的29. affair / əˈfeə(r) /n.公共事务[复数]；事件；关系30. appreciate /əpri:ʃieɪt /vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值31. specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj.特定的；明确的；具体的32. struggle / ˈstrʌgl / n.& vi.斗争；奋斗；搏斗33. tongue /tʌŋ/ n.舌头；语言34. point of view 观点；看法35. semester / sɪˈmestə(r) / n.学期36. gas /ɡæs/ n.汽油；气体；燃气37. petrol /petrəl/ n. (NAmE gas ) 汽油38. subway /sʌbweɪ/n.(BrE underground ) 地铁39. apartment /əpɑ:tmənt/ n.（especially NAmE）公寓套房（=flat）40. pants / pænts / n. [pl.] (BrE ）内裤；短裤；(especially NAmE)裤子41. beg /beg/ vt. 恳求；祈求；哀求42. equal /i:kwəl /n.同等的人；相等物adj. 相同的；同样的43. gap /gæp/ n.间隔；开口；差距44. demand/ dɪˈmɑ:nd /n.要求；需求vt. 强烈要求；需要vi.查问45. vocabulary / vəkæbjʊlərɪ ;NAmE –leri / n.词汇46. description /dɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n.描写（文字）；形容47. relate / rɪˈleɪt / vt.联系；讲述。

打印：专有名词英汉对照

专有名词英汉对照一、院系⏹表演系Acting Department⏹艺术系Arts Department⏹会计系Department of Accounting⏹建筑工程系Department of Architectural Engineering⏹建筑学Department of Architecture⏹天文学Department of Astronomy⏹企业管理系Department of Business Administration⏹通讯工程系Department of Communication Engineering⏹计算机学系Department of Computer Science⏹舞蹈系Department of Dance⏹外交系Department of Diplomacy⏹经济管理系Department of Economic Management⏹经济（学）系Department of Economics⏹教育系Department of Education⏹国际经济系Department of International Economics⏹国际政治系Department of International Politics⏹国际关系Department of International Relations⏹国际贸易系Department of International Trade⏹英语系English Language Department⏹外语系Foreign Languages Department⏹法语系French Language Department二、学校⏹托儿所nursery/creche⏹幼儿园kindergarten⏹小学primary(elementary)school⏹中学middle(secondary)school⏹初中junior middle school⏹高中senior middle school⏹职业中学vocational middle school⏹实验中学experimental middle school⏹附属中学attached middle school⏹业余学校spare-time school⏹文科大学university of liberal arts⏹理科大学university of science⏹函授大学correspondence college⏹中等专科学校secondary technical school⏹技工学校school of technology⏹聋哑学校school of deaf-mutes⏹盲人学校school for the blind/blindmen's school⏹成人学校adult school⏹民办学校voluntary school⏹补习学校continuation school⏹夜校evening (night) school⏹职业学校vocational school⏹外语学校foreign languages school⏹卫生学校health school⏹商业学校commercial school⏹师范学校school for kindergarten teachers⏹护士学校nurses' school⏹艺术学校art school⏹舞蹈学校dancing school⏹会计学校accountant school财贸学校finance and trade school ⏹水利学校water conservancy school三、职位⏹（大学）校长President/Chancellor⏹（大学）副校长Vice President⏹（大学）代理校长Acting President⏹（中学）校长Principal⏹（小学）校长Head /Master⏹学院院长Dean of College/Head of College⏹教务长Dean/Director of Teaching Affairs⏹系主任Department Chairman /Department Head⏹教研室主任Head of the Teaching and Research Section⏹教导主任Director⏹班主任Discipline Class Adviser/Head Teacher⏹教授Professor⏹副教授Associate Professor⏹助教Teaching Assistant (T.A.)⏹总工程师Chief Engineerr⏹高级工程师Senior Engineer⏹技术员Technician⏹董事长Chairman of the Board /Chairman⏹董事/理事Director副董事Associate Director⏹总经理General Manager/ President⏹总经理助理General Manager Assistant⏹总经理秘书General Manager's Secretary⏹高级会计师Senior Accountant⏹Business Controller 业务主任⏹Business Manager 业务经理⏹Buyer 采购员⏹Cashier 出纳员⏹Administration Manager 行政经理⏹Administration Staff 行政人员⏹Administrative Assistant 行政助理⏹Administrative Clerk 行政办事员⏹Advertising Staff 广告工作人员四、金融机构⏹中国人民银行People's Bank of China⏹中国人民建设银行People's Construction Bank of China⏹中国工商银行Industrial and Commercial Bank of China⏹中国农业银行Agricultural Bank of China⏹中国银行Bank of China⏹交通银行Bank of Communications⏹中国投资银行China Investment Bank⏹中国人民保险公司Investment Corporation⏹中国人民保险公司People's Insurance Company of China⏹平安保险公司Ping An Insurance Company⏹中国人寿保险公司China Life Insurance Company Ltd.⏹中国邮政储蓄银行Post office savings bank of China五、节日⏹1月1日元旦New Year's Day⏹2月14日情人节Valentine's Day⏹3月8日国际妇女节International Women' Day⏹3月12日中国植树节China Arbor Day⏹3月14日白色情人节White Day⏹4月1日愚人节April Fools' Day⏹4月5日清明节Tomb-sweeping Day⏹5月1日国际劳动节International Labour Day⏹5月4日中国青年节Chinese Youth Day⏹6月1日国际儿童节International Children's Day⏹农历5月初5端午节Dragon Boat Fstival⏹9月1日教师节Teacher"s Day⏹10月1日国庆节National Day⏹11月1日万圣节Hallowmas⏹12月24日圣诞前夕Christmas Eve⏹12月25日圣诞节Christmas Day⏹农历正月初一春节The Spring Festival⏹农历正月初十五元宵节Lantern Festival⏹母亲节Mother's Day⏹父亲节Father's Day六、常见的英文名男Adam 亚当Allan 艾伦Andrew 安德鲁Anthony 安东尼Austin 奥斯汀Bill 比尔Bob 鲍步Brandon 布阑登Brian 布莱恩Charles 查而斯Chris 克里斯Christopher 克来斯多夫Daniel 丹尼而David 大卫Dennis 丹尼斯Donald 唐纳德Douglas 道格拉斯Edward 爱德华Eric 艾利克Frank 富兰克George 乔治Henry 亨利James 詹姆斯Jason 杰森Jeffrey 杰佛瑞Jeshua 约书亚Jim 吉姆John 约翰Joseph 约瑟夫Keith 凯斯Kenneth 肯尼斯Kevin 凯文Mark 马克Matthew 马修Michael 麦克尔Mike 麦克Nicholas 尼克拉斯Patrick 派翠克Paul 保罗Peter 彼得Phillip 菲力浦Reed 列得Richard 理查Robert 罗伯特Roy 罗一Ryan 里安Sam 山姆Samuel 萨谬尔Scott 斯考特Steven 斯蒂文Thomas 托马斯Tom 汤姆William 威廉女Anna 安娜Amy 艾美Andrea 安德丽亚Barbara 笆笆拉Catherine 凯瑟琳Cathy 凯西Charlotte 夏绿蒂Christina 克莉斯婷娜Christine 克莉斯婷Daisy 戴西Deborah 黛博拉Elizabeth 伊丽莎白Ellen 艾伦Emily 艾蜜丽Hannah 寒娜Helen 海伦Jacqueline 杰葵琳Jane 珍Jennifer 珍尼佛Jessica 杰西卡Joan 琼Judy 朱蒂Julia 朱丽亚Julie 朱丽Karen 凯琳Katherine 凯特琳Kelly 凯莉Laura 劳拉Linda 琳达Lisa 丽莎Maria 玛丽亚Martha 玛莎Mary 玛丽Maureen 穆琳Megan 梅瞰Melissa 蒙莉莎Michelle 蜜薛儿Nancy 南西Nicole 妮可pam 笆美Pamela 潘蜜拉Phyllis 非丽丝Rachel 瑞琪儿Rebecca 丽蓓嘉Samantha 塞漫莎Sarah 莎拉Sharon 雪伦Susan 苏珊Tina 蒂娜Tracy 翠西Wendy 温蒂七、常考的地名英国（大不列颠）U.K./the United Kingdom/Great BritainLondon 伦敦England 英格兰Liverpool 利物浦Manchester 曼彻斯特Sheffield 谢菲尔德Birmingham 伯明翰Coventry 考文垂Leeds 利兹Scotland 苏格兰Glasgow 格拉斯哥Edinburgh 爱丁堡Wales 威尔士Cardiff 加的夫North Ireland 北爱尔兰Belfast 贝尔法斯特爱尔兰IrelandDublin 都柏林澳大利亚AustraliaCanberra 堪培拉Queensland 昆士兰州Brisbane 布里斯班New South Wales 新南威尔士州Sydney 悉尼South Australia 南澳大利亚州Adelaide 阿德莱德Victoria 维多利亚州Melbourne 墨尔本Western Australia 西澳大利亚州Perth 珀斯新西兰New ZealandWellington 惠灵顿加拿大CanadaOttawa 渥太华British Columbia 不列颠哥伦比亚省Victoria 维多利亚Vancouver 温哥华Alberta 艾伯塔省Edmonton 埃德蒙顿Ontario 安大略省Toronto 多伦多Quebec 魁北克省Montreal 蒙特利尔美国The United States of AmericaWashington 华盛顿New York 纽约Boston 波士顿Chicago 芝加哥Atlanta 亚特兰大Seattle 西雅图Los Angeles/L.A. 洛杉矶。

专有名词汉译英翻译

专有名词汉译英全国人民代表大会National People's Congress (NPC)主席团Presidium常务委员会Standing Committee办公厅General Office秘书处Secretariat代表资格审查委员会Credentials Committee提案审查委员会Motions Examination Committee民族委员会Ethnic Affairs Committee法律委员会Law Committee财政经济委员会Finance and Economy Committee外事委员会Foreign Affairs Committee教育、科学、文化和卫生委员会Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee内务司法委员会Committee for Internal and Judicial Affairs华侨委员会Overseas Chinese Affairs Committee法制工作委员会Commission of Legislative Affairs特定问题调查委员会Commission of Inquiry into Specific Questions宪法修改委员会Committee for Revision of the Constitution2、中华人民共和国主席President of the People's Republic of China3、中央军事委员会Central Military Commission4、最高人民法院Supreme People's Court5、最高人民检察院Supreme People's Procuratorate6、国务院State Council(1)国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the State Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展和改革委员会National Development and Reform Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and Trade Commission教育部Ministry of Education科学技术部Ministry of Science and Technology国防科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National De-fence国家民族事物委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部Ministry of Public Security国家安全部Ministry of State Security监察部Ministry of Supervision民政部Ministry of Civil Affairs司法部Ministry of Justice财政部Ministry of Finance人事部Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources建设部Ministry of Construction铁道部Ministry of Railways交通部Ministry of Communications信息产业部Ministry of Information Industry水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People's Bank of China国家审计署State Auditing Administration(2)国务院办事机构Offices under the State Council国务院办公厅General Office of the State Council侨务办公室Office of Overseas Chinese Affairs港澳台办公室Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office台湾事物办公室Taiwan Affairs Office法制办公室Office of Legislative Affairs经济体制改革办公室Office for Economic Restructuring 国务院研究室Research Office of the State Council新闻办公室Information Office10、新闻出版News media总编辑Editor-in-chief高级编辑Full Senior Editor主任编辑Associate Senior Editor编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor高级记者Full Senior Reporter主任记者Associate Senior Reporter记者Reporter助理记者Assistant Reporter编审Professor of Editorship编辑Editor助理编辑Assistant Editor技术编辑Technical Editor技术设计员Technical Designer校对Proofreader11、翻译Translation译审Professor of Translation翻译Translator/Interpreter助理翻译Assistant Translator/Interpreter电台/电视台台长Radio/TV Station Controller播音指导Director of Announcing主任播音员Chief Announcer播音员Announcer电视主持人TV Presenter电台节目主持人Disk Jockey12、工艺、美术、电影Arts,crafts and movies导演Director演员Actor画师Painter指挥Conductor编导Scenarist录音师Sound Engineer舞蹈编剧Choreographer美术师Artist制片人Producer剪辑导演Montage Director 配音演员Dabber摄影师Cameraman化装师Make-up Artist。

(完整word版)专有名词翻译方法

专有名词和事物名词的常用翻译方法我们在英译汉时，常常会碰到一些专有名词和事物名词。

对于这些词，有时我们可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相对应的译词，有时则需要译者自己灵活掌握。

我们在翻译这些专有名词和事物名词时，经常采用表意法、谐音法、表形法、谐音加表意法、部分谐音部分表意法等五种方法，其中表意法和谐音法用得最为广泛。

一、表意法（semantic translation）这是最常用的一种译法，即在汉语中找出同原词含义相同的词。

在大多数情况下，我们是可以在字典或其他工具书里找到相应的译词的。

如：computer：计算机 magnifier：放大镜perambulator：童车 transformer：变压器有时我们可以用表意法将英语中两个或两个以上的名词仅从字面上翻译成汉语中的一个词或名词性词组。

一般情况下，译文和原文的含义是相符的。

如：down coat；羽绒服 moon cake：月饼table cloth：桌布 head worker：脑力劳动者应当注意，这种情况下的表意法不是绝对靠得住的。

因为有时当英语中两个或两个以上名词固定搭配在一起时，他们表示的可能是与字面意思完全不同的另外一个意思。

此时我们就不能仅从字面上去表意，而应深入一步从含义和惯用法上去表意。

如：honey cooler不能译为“甜冷饮”，而应译为“讨好女人的男子”；night cart不能译为“夜车”，而应译为“粪车”；hand money不能译为“手中之财”，而应译为“定金、保证金”；fish story不能译为“钓鱼故事”，而应译为“牛皮、大话”；dog days不能译为“狗的日子”，而应译为“三伏天”；cat suit不能译为“猫服”，而应译为“喇叭裤”；pig head不能译为“猪头”，而应译为“顽固分子”；pig tail不能译为“猪尾巴”，而应译为“辫子”：donkey’s breakfast不能译为“驴子的早餐”，而应译为“草垫”。

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育素质教育：Quality Education 2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业：the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents kers 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban wor11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费：basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全：economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库：grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering 38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines 39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage 40. 融资渠道：financing channels 41. 商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit 42. 社会保险机构：social security institution 43. 失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits 44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes 45. 外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending 46. 安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents 47. 信息化：information-based; informationization -intensive 48. 智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge49. 外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises 50. 下岗职工：laid-off workers 51. 分流：reposition of redundant personnel 52. 素质教育：education for all-round development 53. 豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects 54. 社会治安情况：law-and-order situation 55. 民族国家：nation state 56. “台独”："independence of Taiwan" 57. 台湾当局：Taiwan authorities 58. 台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots se 59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chine territory. 60. 西部大开发：Development of the W est Regions 61. 可持续性发展：sustainable development 62. 风险投资：risk investment 63. 通货紧缩：deflation 64. 扩大内需：to expand domestic demand 65. 计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction ( CAI ) 66. 网络空间：cyberspace 67. 虚拟现实：virtual reality 68. 网民：netizen ( net citizen ) 69. 电脑犯罪：computer crime 70. 电子商务：the e-business 71. 网上购物：shopping online 72. 应试教育：exam-oriented education 73. 学生减负：to reduce study load 74. “厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75. “拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76. “智商”：（IQ）77. “情商”：（EQ）78. “第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）79．“第四产业”：（quaternary/inFORMation industry）79. “军嫂”：（military spouse）80. “峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference) 81. “克隆”：clone 82. “冰毒”：ice 83. “摇头丸”：dancing outreach 84. “传销”：multi level marketing 85. “（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand) 86. “白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book) 87. “傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；88. “白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）89. “巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。

翻译补充词汇

翻译补充（一）：专有名词的翻译专有名词：主要是常见的人名、地名等翻译补充（二）：成语的翻译首先要弄懂中文意思，其次追求完美（一）套译汉语中的成语，英语中有一个意思非常接近成语，直接套用call a spade a spade 实话实说；实事求是reap what one has sown 种瓜得瓜/作茧自缚（区别褒、贬义和感情色彩）kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 杀鸡取卵/涸泽而渔castle in the air 海市蜃楼/空中楼阁过河拆桥kick down the ladder格格不入like a square peg in a round hole（二）直译在成语所包含的比喻和语言内涵被另一种文化完全接受的情况下，可以直译。

Trojan horse 特洛伊木马表示从内部起爆sour grapes 酸葡萄表示得不到东西的心理Sphinx’s riddle 斯芬克斯之谜，表示难解之谜a Judas kiss 犹大之吻，表示叛变、背叛（三）直译套译均可鉴于有些成语有对应的，但有些人喜欢把意思直接译出来to kill two birds with one stone 一石两鸟/一箭双雕crocodile tears鳄鱼之泪/黄鼠狼给鸡拜年声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west/to look one way and row another 掌上明珠a pearl in the palm/ the apple of one’s eye对牛弹琴play a lute to the cow/ cast the pearls before swine（四）意译有些比喻和文化内涵不能另一种语言作接受in a pig’s whisper 低声的make a monkey of somebody 嘲弄某人the skeleton at the feast令人扫兴的人a family skeleton 家丑叶公好龙professed love of what one really fears毛遂自荐volunteer one’s service初出茅庐at the start of one’s career（五）特别容易弄错的成语pull somebody’s leg 嘲弄某人eat one’s words 认错，特别承认自己说错话dog-eat-dog 残酷的，特别表示竞争in the seventh heaven 极为开心翻译补充（三）：英语谚语中译He knows most who speaks least. 大智若愚。

科技翻译专有名词

A-frame A形架 C-clamp C形夹 O-ring O形环 S-wrench S形扳手 T-joint T形接头 U-nut U形螺母 V-gear V型齿轮 X-tube X形管 Y-alloy Y 合金 Y-connection Y形连接 Z-axis Z轴 Z-crank Z形曲轴
The cheongsam( known in China as qipao ), which enjoyed initial prosperity in the 1920s, was first designed by Shanghai people, combining the style of Manchu women’s traditional gowns with the style of clothing in southern China and of European evening dresses. It is close-fitting and sleeveless, has a high neck and slit skirt, worn with matching permed hair, high heeled shoes, nylon stockings and brooches, to fully display a woman’s graceful curves, elegant carriage and dignified manner.
形译法
AT-cut P-region N-region Q-band
L-electron P-n-p junction Ｑ-meter Ｘ-ray Ｙ-ray
AT切片（切割方向与光轴成35度角） P区（电子不足区） N区（电子剩余区） Q波段（8毫米波段，频率为34-46 千兆赫） L层电子（原子核外第二层电子） p-n-p结Ｑ表Ｘ光 Y 射线？

中国专有名词的英语翻译

1. 素质教育：Quality Education2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient3. 保险业：the insurance industry4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas9. 城镇居民最低生活保障： a minimum standard of living for city residents10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban wor kers11. 出口信贷：export credit12. 贷款质量：loan quality13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy26. 基本生活费：basic allowance27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision29. 经济安全：economic security30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth33. 粮食仓库：grain depot34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering38. 乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款：arbitrary charges, fund-raising, quotas and fines39. 骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage40. 融资渠道：financing channels41. 商业信贷原则：the principles for commercial credit42. 社会保险机构：social security institution43. 失业保险金：unemployment insurance benefits44. 偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes45. 外汇收支：foreign exchange revenue and spending46. 安居工程：housing project for low-income urban residents47. 信息化：information-based; informationization48. 智力密集型：concentration of brain power; knowledge-intensive49. 外资企业：overseas-funded enterprises50. 下岗职工：laid-off workers51. 分流：reposition of redundant personnel52. 素质教育：education for all-round development53. 豆腐渣工程：jerry-built projects54. 社会治安情况：law-and-order situation55. 民族国家：nation state56. “台独”："independence of Taiwan"57. 台湾当局：Taiwan authorities58. 台湾同胞：Taiwan compatriots59. 台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分：Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chine se territory.60. 西部大开发：Development of the W est Regions61. 可持续性发展：sustainable development62. 风险投资：risk investment63. 通货紧缩：deflation64. 扩大内需：to expand domestic demand65. 计算机辅助教学：computer-assisted instruction ( CAI )66. 网络空间：cyberspace67. 虚拟现实：virtual reality68. 网民：netizen ( net citizen )69. 电脑犯罪：computer crime70. 电子商务：the e-business71. 网上购物：shopping online72. 应试教育：exam-oriented education73. 学生减负：to reduce study load74. “厄尔尼诺”：（EL Nino）75. “拉尼娜”：（La Nina）76. “智商”：（IQ）77. “情商”：（EQ）78. “第三产业”：（third/tertiary industry,service sector,third sequence of enterprises）79．“第四产业”：（quaternary/inFORMation industry）79. “军嫂”：（military spouse）80. “峰会”（香港译“极峰会议”）”：summit(conference)81. “克隆”：clone82. “冰毒”：ice83. “摇头丸”：dancing outreach84. “传销”：multi level marketing85. “（计算机）2000年问题”：Y2K problem(y for year, k for kilo or thousand)86. “白皮书”：white paper(不是white cover book)87. “傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；88. “白条”：IOU note（IOU：债款、债务，由I owe you 的读音缩略转义而来）89. “巡回招聘”：milk round（一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本公司情况并与报名者晤谈）。

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