英语主谓一致.ppt

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3．就近一致的原则。即谓语与靠近的那个主语一致。例如： Either he or I am right. 特别提醒：①三个原则虽然不同，但在具体运用中，它们往 往是协调的，并不矛盾。例如： More than ten students have passed the driv来自百度文库ng test.(形式和 意义都是复数) ②当语法一致的原则与意义一致的原则发生冲突时，一般坚 持语法一致的原则。例如： More than one student has passed the driving test.(形式是单 数，意义是复数)
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2．谓语用复数时的情况 (1)主语是形单意复的词 ①people，police 等集合名词做主语时。例如： The police have caught the thieves. ②“the/these/those＋形容词/分词形容词”可以表示一类人， 这一结构做主语时。例如： Those wounded were taken good care of. “the＋形容词”还可表示抽象事物，这时应视作单数。例 如：
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③主语是 either，neither，the other 或主语被 either， neither 修饰时。例如： Either of the answers is correct. Neither answer proves to be correct. ④every/some/any/no＋body/one/thing 构成的复合不定代词 做主语时。例如： Nobody is absent. ⑤主语是“a kind/sort/type of＋单数或复数名词”时，因为 kind/sort/type 是短语中的中心词，也是信息的焦点，所以， 谓语应与其一致。例：This kind of wheat isn't grown in our country.
The beautiful gives pleasure to people.
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③“the＋表示国籍、民族的形容词”可以表示该国全体人 民，这一结构做主语时。例如： The Chinese are a brave and hardworking people.
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(2)主语是形复意复的词 ①某些具有抽象意义的复数名词做主语时。例如： Things are getting worse and worse. The surroundings are usually quiet here. ②“one or two＋复数名词”做主语时。例如： There are one or two tickets left.
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①主语若是单数名词，后面尽管跟有 as well as，with， together with，besides，except，but，including，rather than 等引导的短语，谓语仍用单数。例如： The teacher as well as his students is playing football. In some parts of the world，tea is served with milk or sugar.
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(4)主语是形复意单的词 ①以 s 结尾的国名、人名、书名、组织机构等专有名词做主 语时。例如： The United Nations(联合国) was founded in 1945. ②以 s 结尾的学科名词做主语时。例如： Physics is taught in all middle schools. ③“one and a half＋复数名词”做主语时。例如： One and a half days is all I can spare.
主谓一致
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二、主谓一致 (一)主谓一致三原则 1．语法一致的原则。即主语是单数，谓语为单数；主语若 为复数，谓语亦为复数。例如： He does well in maths. 2．意义一致的原则。根据主语的意义，而不是形式，决定 谓语的数。例如： The teacher and writer is going to give us a lecture on writing. 那位做老师的作者准备给我们讲讲如何写作。
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②主语是 each 或单数主语被 each，every 修饰时。例如： Each of the boys has a pencil box. Here every student is good at drawing. 特别提醒：单数的并列主语被 every，each，no，many a 修饰时，谓语也用单数。例如： Every desk and chair is new. Each teacher and each student has been told to attend the meeting after school. 特别提醒：each 做主语的同位语时谓语由前面的主语决定。 例如： They each have finished their exercises.
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(二)主谓一致细说 1．谓语用单数时的情况 (1)不可数名词做主语时。例如： There is a lot of water in the jar. 特别提醒：不可数名词前若有表示数量的物量词，则谓语动 词与物量词本身的形式一致。例如： One million tons of oil were produced last year.
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(2)不定式短语、动名词短语和从句做主语时。例如： That she will come here tomorrow is certain. 特别提醒：①what 从句做主语时，谓语动词的形式主要取 决于后面的表语是单数还是复数。试比较： What they want is nothing but a rest. What he wants are two books. ②当 what 从句表示所说的话或所做的事时，谓语动词应用 单数。例如： What he said has left us much to think about. (3)主语是形单意单的词