计算机算法常用术语中英对照

第一部分计算机算法常用术语中英对照

Data Structures 基本数据结构Dictionaries 字典Priority Queues 堆Graph Data Structures 图Set Data Structures 集合Kd-Trees 线段树Numerical Problems 数值问题Solving Linear Equations 线性方程组Fourier变换Bandwidth Reduction 带宽压缩Matrix Multiplication 矩阵乘法Satisfiability 可满足性Determinants and Permanents 行列式Linear Programming 线性规划Matching 匹配Constrained and Unconstrained Optimization 最值问题Clique 最大团Cryptography 密码Random Number Generation 随机数生成Shortest Path 最短路径recursion递归Factoring and Primality Testing 因子分解/质数判定Searching 查找Sorting 排序Arbitrary Precision Arithmetic 高精度计算Calendrical Calculations 日期

Discrete Fourier Transform 离散Combinatorial Problems 组合问题

Median and Selection 中位数Generating Permutations 排列生成

Generating Subsets 子集生成Generating Partitions 划分生成

Generating Graphs 图的生成Job Scheduling 工程安排

Graph Problems -- polynomial 图论-多项式算法Connected Components 连通分支Topological Sorting 拓扑排序Minimum Spanning Tree 最小生成树Transitive Closure and Reduction 传递闭包Network Flow 网络流

Eulerian Cycle / Chinese Postman Euler回路/中国邮路

Edge and Vertex Connectivity 割边/割点Independent Set 独立集

Drawing Graphs Nicely 图的描绘Drawing Trees 树的描绘

Planarity Detection and Embedding 平面性检测和嵌入Vertex Cover 点覆盖

Graph Problems -- hard 图论-NP问题Traveling Salesman Problem 旅行商问题Hamiltonian Cycle Hamilton回路Graph Partition 图的划分

Vertex Coloring 点染色Edge Coloring 边染色

Graph Isomorphism 同构Steiner Tree Steiner树

Feedback Edge/Vertex Set 最大无环子图Computational Geometry 计算几何

Convex Hull 凸包Triangulation 三角剖分

V oronoi Diagrams V oronoi图Nearest Neighbor Search 最近点对查询Range Search 范围查询Point Location 位置查询

Intersection Detection 碰撞测试Bin Packing 装箱问题

Medial-Axis Transformation 中轴变换Polygon Partitioning 多边形分割Simplifying Polygons 多边形化简Shape Similarity 相似多边形

Motion Planning 运动规划Maintaining Line Arrangements 平面分割Minkowski Sum Minkowski和Set and String Problems 集合与串的问题

Set Cover 集合覆盖Set Packing 集合配置

Approximate String Matching 模糊匹配Text Compression 压缩

DP—Dynamic Programming动态规划Longest Common Substring 最长公共子串Shortest Common Superstring 最短公共父串String Matching 模式匹配

Finite State Machine Minimization 有穷自动机简化

第二部分数据结构英语词汇

数据抽象data abstraction 数据元素data element 数据对象data object

数据项data item 数据类型data type 抽象数据类型abstract data type 逻辑结构logical structure 物理结构phyical structure 线性结构linear structure

非线性结构nonlinear structure基本数据类型atomic data type线性表linear list

数组array 直接前趋immediate predecessor 队列queue

串string 固定聚合数据类型fixed-aggregate data type 栈stack

可变聚合数据类型variable-aggregate data type 树tree 图grabh

查找，线索searching 更新updating 排序（分类) sorting

插入insertion 删除deletion 前趋predecessor

后继successor 直接后继immediate successor 双端列表deque(double-ended queue) 循环队列cirular queue 指针pointer 先进先出表（队列）first-in first-out list 后进先出表（队列）last-in first-out list 栈底bottom 栈定top

压入push 弹出pop 队头front 队尾rear 上溢overflow

下溢underflow 数组array 矩阵matrix 多维数组multi-dimentional array

以行为主的顺序分配row major order 以列为主的顺序分配column major order

三角矩阵truangular matrix 对称矩阵symmetric matrix 稀疏矩阵sparse matrix

转置矩阵transposed matrix 链表linked list 线性链表linear linked list

单链表single linked list 多重链表multilinked list 循环链表circular linked list

双向链表doubly linked list 十字链表orthogonal list 广义表generalized list

链link 指针域pointer field 链域link field 头结点head node 头指针head pointer 尾指针tail pointer 串string 空白（空格）串blank string 空串（零串）null string 子串substring 树tree 子树subtree 森林forest 根root 叶子leaf

结点node 深度depth 层次level 双亲parents 孩子children 兄弟brother 祖先ancestor 子孙descentdant 二叉树binary tree 平衡二叉树banlanced binary tree

满二叉树full binary tree 完全二叉树complete binary tree

遍历二叉树traversing binary tree 二叉排序树binary sort tree

二叉查找树binary search tree 线索二叉树threaded binary tree

哈夫曼树Huffman tree 有序数ordered tree

无序数unordered tree 判定树decision tree 双链树doubly linked tree

数字查找树digital search tree 树的遍历traversal of tree 先序遍历preorder traversal 中序遍历inorder traversal 后序遍历postorder traversal 图graph

子图subgraph 有向图digraph(directed graph) 无向图undigraph(undirected graph) 完全图complete graph 连通图connected graph 非连通图unconnected graph

强连通图strongly connected graph 弱连通图weakly connected graph加权图weighted graph 有向无环图directed acyclic graph 稀疏图spares graph 稠密图dense graph

重连通图biconnected graph 二部图bipartite graph 边edge 顶点vertex

弧arc 路径path 回路（环）cycle弧头head弧尾tail 源点source

终点destination 汇点sink 权weight 连接点articulation point

初始结点initial node 终端结点terminal node 相邻边adjacent edge

相邻顶点adjacent vertex 关联边incident edge 入度indegree

出度outdegree 最短路径shortest path 有序对ordered pair

无序对unordered pair 简单路径simple path 简单回路simple cycle

连通分量connected component 邻接矩阵adjacency matrix 邻接表adjacency list