英文介绍围棋

Right after the opening-up, the architecture with three pillars of China, Japan and South Korea gradually formed up. In the late 20th Century, Japan didn’t catch up with the its opponents for stubbornness, since when China and South Korea have form a fierce one-on-one competitive situation in weiqi circle. 聂 卫 平 徒 师 古力
气·眼·提子
Liberty/eye/capture
A
B
劫·禁着·虚手
Ko/Forbidden/Passing
The ko rule bases on this rule: Players are not allowed to make a move that returns the game to the previous position. NOTICE: Placing stones in turn is nothing but right for both players. Instead of placing a stone, a player may pass. This usually occurs when they believe no useful moves remain. When both players pass consecutively, the game ends and is then scored. Different rules deal differently with forbidden moves. Players must remove the stone and pass the very turn by Modern Chinese Weiqi Rules. On contrary, Ying’s Weiqi Rules allow players to ''commit suicide''
From left: straight-three, T-four, bending-three If Black places a stone at A, White will never be able to make two eyes. Say these white groups have poor shapes.
段位 ranks and ratings
• • • • • • Rank Double-digit kyu Double-digit kyu Single-digit kyu Amateur dan Professional dan Type 30–21k 20–11k 10–1k 1–7d 1–9p RangeStage Kyu级 dan段 Beginner Handicap 让子 Casual player Amateur 业余 Intermediate/club player Expert player Professionals
1
死活常型 Basic life & death shapes
Straight two. It is not possibly alive. Square-four. Any move by either player turns it into a bending-three. Thus it also dies.
Japanese ranks
Chinese ranks
• China Weiqi Association had carried out some rules in weiqi ranking in 1992, but rank setting still differs from city to city. • For example, the system in 1992 set 25 kyus, while Beijing and Shanghai make 11. Amateurs show their strengths better in Hangzhou’s rating matches. • Whatever differences there are, 9-dan systems are adopted by amateur and professional matches all over China.
When both players pass consecutively, the game ends and is then scored. Judge compares black’s points with white’s. As for seki (mutual life) situations, both player receive 0.5 points from each ‘public intersection’. As we do not have all day, I have to stop introducing rules to you. If you are interested, just search and test after class. Or you may well ask me!
游戏目标
The general strategy of Go is to expand one's territory where possible, attack the opponent's weak groups (groups that can possibly be killed), and always stay mindful of the "life status" of one's own groups.
终局 END
贴（还）子 Because Black has a first move advantage, the idea of awarding White some compensation came into being during the 20th century. This predetermined compensation, called "komidashi," ("komi") means that for even games white may receive somewhere on average of 6.5 points compensation for Black's first move advantage. If there is one stone difference in strength between players, the stronger player takes White, and White may receive only .5 points komi, just to break a possible tie. In handicap(让子 games with 2 or more 让子) 让子 handicap stones, White may also take .5 points komi to break a tie.
Tang stones
Changing weiqi stones
Ming Yunnan glass stones
Yellow and green Qing glass stones
Yuan china stones
Song coloured pottery stones
Weiqi in modern times
rosewood board elm board
Shell-decorated rosewood board
Weiqi Bowls
Bagua bowl
rosewood bowl
gourd bowl
Rhino skin bowl
Weiqi stones
Nowadays players use stones with high brightness contrast, i.e. black and white.
Cho Chi Hun Meijin 名人头衔 Honinbo 本因坊头衔
Philosophy sense of Weiqi
1. Corresponding to the nature of universe. Master Wu Qingyuan drew the conclusion that weiqi was rather an astronomical tool than battlefield model. The board stands for the sky, and stones for stars. Equal distribution is the most important property of the board. No presettled region. Modern cosmology(宇宙学) proves that matter and energy distribute equally in Large space. 2. Yin and yang elements. Ancient Chinese philosophers believe that the world was formed and motivated by yin and yang elements. The color of weiqi stones, black and white, indicates the confrontational movement of yin and yang. 3. Equality values. Weiqi stones only differs in position. 4. System thinking. Etc……………………………..
Modern Go in the west
World War II put a stop to most Go activity, but after the war, Go continued to spread. For most of the 20th century, the Japan Go Association played a leading role in spreading Go outside East Asia by publishing the Englishlanguage magazine Go Review in the 1960s; establishing Go centers in the US, Europe and South America; and often sending professional teachers on tour to Western nations.
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu
Origin and history
According to ancient books, weiqi was invented by the legendary Chinese emperor Yao and his counselor Shun to teach Danzhu. This attribution indicates the incredibly early time the game originated. According to history books, people play weiqi on a 17x17 board in Jin Dynasty and before. A trend of using19x19 boards is recorded in Qi book in South and North Period. Since then, weiqi has primarily adopted the classic system. Weiqi was brought to Japan and Korea by ambassadors from Sui Dynasty. Stones change in the long history.
围棋
Weiqi Go Game
四 哲 学 与 文 化 内 涵 况 状 展 发 棋 围 代 当
三
二 一
３ ２ １ 段 基 棋 位 本 具 规 称 则 号 与 战 术 与
起 源 与 历 史 发 展 述
概
棋具 Equipments
• A traditional weiqi set, with floor board , bowls and stones.
死活常型 Basic life & death shapes
However, a bending-four in the corner may not predict its fate...
Some Special situations
Tri-ko circulation 三劫循环
Seki(mutual life) 双活