大学英语四级考试 阅读理解部分
大学英语四级Reading介绍及答题技巧
答题技巧
二、长篇阅读部分
总结：在提炼关键词的过程中，先找“特殊词汇”，因为特殊词汇容易 快速定位，定位之后再结合题干中的信息实词，就可以很快锁定答案; 在题干 没有“特殊词汇”的情况下，可充分挖掘承载题干信息的动词、名词、形容词 及其相关短语，用它们来进行定位。在有些情况下，还需要从语法角度分析句 子，提取关键词。“吃透”题干准确判断关键词、中心词至关重要。采用由易 到难的解题策略, 可以提升大家的解题信心。对于那些答题线索较少的题目， 可留在最后再解答。在解答这类较难的题目时，可快速阅读原文中仍未选过的 段落的主题句通常为第一句、第二句或最后一句，然后根据段落大意与题干中 的细节信息进行匹配。
（ 1 ）承载题干主要信息的名词、形容词、动词短语等。如 diploma, shortage, beneficial, incline to 等；
（ 2 ）四级高频词汇及其派生词。比如: inevitability, globalization, innovative，possibility等，它们通常是文中对应信息词的变体。
答题技巧
二、长篇阅读部分
长篇阅读的四个步骤：
第三步，回文定位。根据题干中的关键词，迅速在文章中找出与题干信息 相关的内容。
第四步，分析定位句。一旦发现与题干关键字“有交集”的内容,立即在段 落中画出，然后综合题干信息判断其是否为对应段落。一般情况下，如果题目 是对文章的同义转述、概括总结等，就可初步判定为答案。保险起见，可以再 延伸略读一下段落的前后意群、直至完全确定答案。注意，有时候确定答案时 还需要结合本段落主旨句或作者的观点态度句。
答题技巧四：分解对应
分解对应四分法：快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A 谓B 宾C+其他D)，与 原文进行对比。
大学英语四级考试专项讲解(阅读部分)
（4）表示对比关系的词或词组：contrary to, unlike, like等
解题技巧三：题文同序
大学英语四级考试的快速阅读部分，问题顺序与原文顺序一致（有时判断题和填空题交汇处顺序不一致），这就要求应该按照题目的顺序依次做题。对于所有的四级快速阅读文章这个技巧都适用，在此就不做特别举例
-sion confusion, decision, revision, discussion
-ure exposure, pleasure, failure, pressure, future
1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物：worker, debtor
2)-acy,表示"性质，状态，境遇" democracy, accuracy, diplomacy
大学英语四级考试专项讲解（阅读部分）
二．快速阅读(Skimming & Scanning)专项
(Skimming & Scanning)是什么？
Skimming（略读）是一个只见森林不见树木的过程，这个过程是要识别句子中的mainpoints，段落中的important sentences，以及organization of the paragraph。所以，在略读时，是要理解重要词汇的意思的。
解题技巧二：显性信息
查读的信息通常是显性信息，只要将问题在原文中进行准确定位就能得到正确答案，一般不需要做推理。
特别提示：考生对于以下一些显性信息也应注意
（1）表示因果关系的词或词组：because, reason, due to, since, so that, therefore等
2021年6月英语四级考试阅读理解三篇
2021年6月英语四级考试阅读理解三篇【篇一】2021年6月英语四级考试阅读理解On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more that they did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997： boys now spendan average of four hours a week playing sports; girls log hall that time. All in all, however, children’sleisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981to 25%“Children are affected by the sa me time crunch (危机)that affects their parents,” says Sandra Hofferth,who headed the recent study of children’s timetable. A chief reason,she says, is that more mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income and “male breadwinner” householdsspent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. “Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself,” says T. Berry Brazelton, professor at Harvard Medical School Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to negotiate their relationships withtheir peers, but kids ages3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing “free time” watching television. But that,believe it or not, was one of the findings parents mightregard as good news. If they’re spending less time in frontof the TV set, however, kids aren’t replacing it with reading. Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a week reading. Let’s face it, who’s got the time?练习题：Choose correct answers to the question：1. By mentioning “the same time crunch” (Line 1, Para.2) Sandra Hofferth means ________.A. children have little time to play with their parentsB. children are not taken good care of by their working parentsC. both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeD. both parents and children have trouble managing their time2. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is ________.A. quite convincingB. partially trueC. totally groundlessD. rather confusing3. According to the author a child develops better if________.A. he has plenty of time reading and studyingB. he is left to play with his peers in his own wayC. he has more time participating in school activitiesD. he is free to interact with his working parents4. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids ________.A. are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB. are increasingly neglected by their working mothersC. are spending more and more time watching TVD. are involved less and less in household work5. We can infer from the passage that ________.A. extracurricular activities promote children’s intelligenceB. most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC. efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD. most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children1.[C] 语义理解题。
英语四级真题阅读理解(带翻译)
Passage1Reading leadership literature, you’d sometimes think that everyone has the potential to be an effective leader. 读领导文学，你有时会认为每个人都有可能成为一个有效的领导者。
I don’t believe that to be true. In fact, I see way fewer truly effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who arc sadly incompetent and seriously misguided about their own abilities. 我不相信这是真的。
事实上，我认为真正有效的领导者的方式比我看到的人都陷在领导的职位上，遗憾的是他们自己的能力不称职，严重误导了他们。
Part of the reason this happens is a lack of honest self-assessment by those who aspire to（追求）leadership in the first place. 对产生这种现象的原因一部分是由那些渴望缺乏诚实的自我评估（追求）放在首位的领导We've all met the type of individual who simply must take charge. Whether it's adecision-making session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can't help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it for dear life. They believe they're natural born leaders.我们都遇到了个人的类型，他们必须负责。
大学英语四级阅读理解精读100篇
Passage One (Clinton Is Right)President Clinton‘s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China‘s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked ―the courage‖ to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration‘s goal of a ―bullet-proof agreement‖ that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, ―we‘re not there yet,‖ according to senior officials. Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S. approval for China‘s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on ―cultural‖ restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing. BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they‘ve heard so far isn‘t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that ―the time just isn‘t right‖ for the deal. Translation: We‘re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America‘s enemies. Beijing‘s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, won‘t help, either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won‘t be easy. And Republicans—with a wink—say that they‘ll eventually embrace China‘s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make thismuch dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling1. The main idea of this passage is[A]. The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.[B]. On China‘s entry into WTO.[C]. Clinton was right.[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.2. What does the sentence ―Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit‖ convey?[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B]. The three places overdid criticism.[C]. They wanted more protection.[D]. They are in trouble.3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China‘s entry into the WTO?[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.5. It can be inferred from the passage that[A]. America will make concessions.[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China‘s entry.[D]. Democratic party approve China‘s entry into the WTO.答案祥解1. C. 总统是对的。
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）一There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and livedin a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical ye ar of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The productionof manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediatelypent about 30billion dollars for new factories and following World War 2. The country’s business smachinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been ithad been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars aday ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million peopleheld jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominousecho of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to theoppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 thanin 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among femaleby nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) beganits current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to dietand forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillinto beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbdWhat is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be anoptimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greysand blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon asyou opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing. A black bridge overthe Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.a.its shapeb.its structurec.its colourd.its building materials答案：bcaac十二Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives closeto that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.1.If one has accepted a dinner invitation ,what should he do if he is tobe late for the dinner?a.He should find an excuseb.He should adk for excuse.c.He should say sorryd.He should telephone to explain his being late.2."It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish or uncomfortable." "Bad manners " means ________.a.uglyb.dishonestc.impolited.shameful3.which of the following do you think is the best tiltle for this passage?a.Social Customs and Customsb.Social Lifec.American and British Customsd.Promptness Is Important4.According to the text, the best host_______.a.tries his best to make his guests feel comfortableb.makes his guests feel excitedc.tries to avoid being naughty to his guestsd.tries to avoid being foolish5.The author of this article may agree with which of the following?a.The guest who ate his peas with a knifeb.The other guests who were amused or shockedc.The host who picked up his knife and began eating in the same wayd.None of the above答案：dcaac十三New Orleans, Louisiana, was established as part of the French Empire in 1718.Its location on the east bank of the Mississippi River gave it control of the American hinerland and it became strategically important to many nations. It was transferred from France to Spain, returned to France,and finally sold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803. The city was the site of a famous battle fought in 1815 between the British, who hoped to control it , and the Americans under General And rew Jackson.The riverbed of the Mississippi is constantly silting and the river is now actually higher thanthe city. Levees hold back the river and giant pumps are used to move water from the city into the river.Although New Orleans haas beena part of the United States for almost two centuries, its population takes great pride in its French heritage. Louisiana still retains parts of the Code Napoleon which,form many years,was its only law.New Orleans is carefree city and it boasts its hot, spicy Creole seafood and its native Dixieland Jazz. The jackson Square neighborhood maintains its French colonial homes and in other sections are pre-Civil War mansions. Visitors are surprised to find that behind this interesting facade of yesteryear, is a busy industrial and port city. Grain and coal come from the Midwest and foreigh cargoes are unloaded here. New Orleans is no longer a sleepy Southern town----but it's still fun to visit.1.What accounts for the levees and pumps in New Orleans?a.The Mississippi frequently floods the city.b.The riverbed has raised inthe past 200 years.c.The torrential rains flood the city frequently.d.The high humidity cannot otherwise be comtrolled.2.The battle of New Orleans was fought by jackson against______.a.Franceb.Britainc.Spaind.The North3.The Code Napoleon was _______.a.an agreement to sell Louisianab.a body of lawsc.a city pland.a military code for the army4.Which of the following elements does not apply to the attiude of the inhabitants of New Orleans?a.Pride in their French heritage.b.A desire to retain picturesque colonial buildings.c.A refusal to engage in trade and commerced.A praising of Dixieland Jazz.5.Tourists visiting New Orleans are surprised to encounter_____.a.Creole foodb.Dixieland jazzc.bustling cityd.authentic colonial homes答案：bbbcc十四The United States is on the verge of losing its leading place in the world's technology. So says more than one study in recent years. One of the reasons for this decline is the parallel decline in the number of U.S. scientists and engineers.Since 1976,employment of scientists and engineers is up 85 percent. This trend is expected to continue. However, the trend shows that the number of 22-year-olds--the near term source of future PH.D.s-is declining. Further adding to the problem is the increased competition for these candidates from other fields-law,medicine,business,etc. While the number of U.S. PH.D.s in science and engineering declines,the award of PH.D.s to foreign nationals is increasing rapidly.Our inability to motivate students to pursue science and engineering careers at the graduate level is compounded because of the intense demand industry has for bright Bachelor's and Master's degree holders. Too often, promising PH.D.candidates, confronting the cost and financial sacrifice of pursuing their education,find the attraction of industry irresistible.1.The U.S.will come to lose its leading place in technology probably because ________.a. the number of PH.D. degree holders is decliningb. the number of scientists and engineers is decreasingc. the number of 22-year-ilds is decliningd. scientists and engineers are not employed2.The field of science and engineering is facing a competition from ________ .a. technologyb. foreign nationalsc. such fields as law, medicine and businessd. postgraduatesrge-scale enterprises now need _______.a. bright graduates and postgraduatesb. new inventionsc. advanced technologyd. engineers4.Many promising postgraduates are unwilling to pursue a PH.D. degree because _________.a. they are not encouraged to be engaged in scienceb. industry does not require PH.D. holdersc. they have financial difficultiesd. they will spend much time and energy completing PH.D.5.PH.D. candidates "find the attraction of industry irresistible" means that _________.a. they find industry is attracting more and more college studentsb. they don't think they can prevent themselves from working for industryc. they cannot resist any attraction from all sidesd. they cannot work for industry any longer答案：bcadb十五Newdays,a standard for measuring power has changed.These changes foretell a new standard for measuring power.No longer will a nation's political influence be based solely on the strength ofits military forces. Of course, military effectiveness will remain a primary primary measure of power.But political influence is also closely tied to industrial competitiveness. It's often said that without its military the Soviet Union would really be a third-world nation. The new standard ofopwer and influence that is evolving now places more emphasis on the ability of a country to compete effectively in the economic markets of the world.America must recognize this new course of events. Our success in shaping world events over the past 40 years has been the direct result of our ability to adapt technology and to take advantage of the capabilities of our people for the purpose of maintaining peace. Our industrial prowess over most of this period was unchallenged. It is ironic that it is just this prowess that has enabled other countries to prosper and in turn to threaten our industrial leadership.The competitiveness of America's industrial base is an issue bigger than the Department of Defense and is going to require the efforts of the major institutional forces in our society-government,industry,and education. That is not to say that the Defense Department will not be a strong force in the process because we will. But we simply cannot be, nor should we be, looked upon by others as the savior of American industry.1. Now a nation's political influence depends on _________.a. the strength of its military forcesb. its ability to compete in industryc. economic marketsd. both a and b2. The Soviet Union was not listed as a third-world nation just because of _________.a. its powerful military forcesb. its vast landc. its industrial competitivenessd. its contributions to world peace3. The author indicates that ______ is threatening American political power.a. other countriesb. the declining U.S. industrial basec. a new standard for measuring powerd. less advanced technology4. America succeeded in shaping world events over past 40 years probably because of ___________.a. its ability to adapt technologyb. its ability to take advantage of the capabilities of its peoplec. its ability to compete in the world marketsd. both a and b5. The purpose of writing this article is __________.a. to draw the readers' attention to a new standard for measuring powerb. to demonstrate American political influence in the worldc. to emphasize that efforts must be made to strengthen the declining U.S. industrial based. to show American industrial prowess答案：dabdc。
英语四级阅读理解试题带答案
英语四级阅读理解试题带答案英语四级阅读理解试题：【原文】How to Deal With Difficult PeopleIn New York City one day, a businesswoman got into a taxi. Because it was rush hour and she was hurrying for a train, she suggested a route. "Ive been a cabby(车夫) for 15 years!" the driver yelled. "You think I dont know the best way to go?"The woman tried to explain that she hadnt meant to offend him, but the driver kept yelling. She finally realized he was too upset to be reasonable. So she did the unexpected. "You know, youre right," she told him. "It must seem dumb for me to assume you dont know the best way through the city. "Taken aback, the driver flashed his rider a confused look in the rear-view mirror, turned down the street she wanted and got her to the train on time. "He didnt say another word the rest of the ride," she said, "until I got out and paid him. Then he thanked me. "When you encounter people like this cab driver, theres an irresistible urge to dig in your heels. This can lead to prolonged arguments, soured friendships, lost career opportunities and broken marriages. As a clinical psychiatrist, Ive discovered one simple but extremely unlikelyprinciple that can prevent virtually any conflict or other difficult situation from becoming a recipe for disaster.The key is to put yourself in the other persons shoes and look for the truth in what that person is saying. Find a way to agree. The result may surprise you.Sulkers Steves 14-year-old son, Adam, had been irritable for several days. When Steve asked why, Adam snapped, "Nothings wrong! Leave me alone!" and stalked off to his room.We all know people like this. When theres problem, they may sulk(生闷气) or act angry and refuse to talk.So whats the solution? First, Steve needs to ask himself why Adam wont talk. Maybe the boy is worried about something that happened at school. Or he might be angry at his dad but afraid to bring it up because Steve gets defensive whenever he is criticized. Steve can pursue these possibilities the next time they talk by saying, "I noticed youre upset, and I think it would help to get the problem out in the open. It may be hard because I havent always listened very 58well. If so, I feel bad because I love you and dont want to let you down. "If Adam still refuses to talk, Steve can take a different tack: "Im concerned about whats going on with you, but we can talk things over later, when youre more in the mood. "This strategy allows both sides to win: Steve doesnt have to compromise on the principle that ultimately the problem needs to be talked out and resolved. Adam saves face by being allowed to withdraw for a while.Noisy critics. Recently, I was counselling a businessman named Frank who lends to be overbearing(专横的) when hes upset. Frank told me that I was too absent-minded with money and that he shouldnt have to pay at each of our sessions. He wanted to be billed monthly.I felt annoyed because it seemed Frank always had to have things his way. I explained that I had tried monthly billing, but it hadnt worked because some patients didnt pay. Frank argued that he had impeccable (无可挑剔的 ) credit and knew much more about credit and billing than I did.Suddenly I realized I was missing Franks point. "You are right," I said. " Im being defensive. We should focus on the problems in your life and not worry so much about money. "Frank immediately softened and began talking about what was really bothering him, which were some personal problems. The next time we met, he handed me a check for 20 sessions in advance!There are times, of course, when people are unreasonably abusive and you may need to just walk away from the situation. But if the problem is one that you want solved, its important to allow the other person to keep some self-esteem. Theres nearly always a grain of truth in the other persons point of view. If you acknowledge this, he or she will be less defensive and more likely to listen to you.Complainers. Brad is a 32-year-old Detroit chiropractor (按摩师) who recently described his frustration with a patient of his: "I ask Mr. Barry, How are you doing? and he dumps out his whole life story-his family problems and his financial difficulties. I give him advice, but he ignores everything I tell him. "Brad needs to recognize that habitual complainers usually dont want advice. They just want someone to listen and understand. So Brad might simply say : "sounds like a rough week, Its no fun to have unpaid bills, people nagging you, and this pain besides. " The complainer will usually run out of gas and stop complaining. The secret is not to give advice. Just agreeing and validating a persons point of view will make that person feel better.Demanding friends. Difficult people arent always -, angry or just complaining. Sometimes they are difficult because of the demands they place upon us. Maybe a friend puts you on the spot with a request to run an errand for him while hes out of town. If you have a crowded schedule, you may agree but end up angry and resentful. Or if you say no in the wrong way, your friend may feel hurt and unhappy. The problem is that, caught off guard, you dont know how to deal with the situation in a way that avoids bad feelings.One method Ive found helpful is "punting". Youre punting when you tell the person you need to think about the request and that youll get back about it. Say a colleague calls and pressures me to give a lecture at his university. Ive learned to say, "Im flattered that you thought of me. Let me check my schedule, and Ill call you back. "This gives me time to deal with any feelings of guilt if I have to say no. Suppose I decide it is better to decline; punting allow me to plan what I will say when I call back, "I appreciate being asked," I might indicate, "but I find Im over-committed right now. However, I hope youll think of me in the future. "Responding to difficult people with patience and empathy can be tough, especially when you feel upset. But the moment you give up your need to control or be right, the other person will begin relaxing and start listening to you. The Greek philosopher Epictetus understood this when he said nearly 2, 000 years ago, "If someone criticizes you, agree at once. Mention that if only the other person knew you well, there would be more to criticize than that !"Real communication results from a spirit of respect for yourself and for the other person. The benefits can be amazing.英语四级阅读理解试题：【题目】1. The principle the writer has discovered to stop any conflict from going worse is to find a way to agree.2. The taxi driver thanked the businesswoman because she was very polite to him.3. Difficult people mentioned in the passage include those who give occasional complaints.4. One way to deal with the person who is unreasonably abusive is to walk away from the situation.5. If Mr. Barry had followed Brads advice, he would have solved all his personal problems.6. What habitual complainers need is a good listener.7. It will end up in unhappiness whether you have satisfied your friends request or not.8. You will be rewarded with a real communication if you______for others.9. A difficult person can become a relaxing and good conversational partner if you______your control.10. According to the author, one effective way to deal with a demanding friend is______.英语四级阅读理解试题：【答案】1. Y2. N3. N4. Y5. NG6. Y7. N8. show respect9. give up 10. punting猜你感兴趣：1.大学英语四级阅读理解模拟题带答案2.四级英语阅读理解试题带答案3.大学英语四级阅读理解专练题及答案4.四级考试英语阅读理解试题带答案5.英语四级阅读理解训练题带答案6.大学四级英语阅读理解专练题带答案。
英语四级阅读理解部分附全文翻译
英语四级阅读理解部分附全文翻译1. Part II 阅读理解（40分钟）Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage:The development of e-commerce has dramatically transformed the retail industry. Traditional brick-and-mortar stores have been supplemented, and in some cases, replaced by online platforms. This shift has brought about significant changes in the way consumers shop and businesses operate.One of the main benefits of e-commerce is the convenience it offers. Consumers can shop from the comfort of their homes at any time of day, without the need to travel to a physical store. This has particularly benefited those with busy schedules or limited mobility. Additionally, e-commerce allows for a wider selection of products than might be available in local stores, often at more competitive prices.However, the rise of e-commerce has also introduced challenges. The anonymity of online transactions can lead to issues of trust, with consumers sometimes hesitant to purchase from unfamiliar websites. Furthermore, the increased competition has forced many small businesses to either adapt to the digital marketplace or face closure.In conclusion, while e-commerce has revolutionized the retail industry and brought numerous benefits to consumers, it is not without its challenges. Businesses must continue to evolve to meet the demands of this rapidly changing landscape.Word Bank:A) convenienceB) competitionC) transactionsD) transformedE) operateF) mobilityG) adaptH) hesitantI) unfamiliarJ) widerQuestions:1) The development of e-commerce has _______ the retail industry.2) One of the main benefits of e-commerce is the _______ it offers.3) Consumers can shop from home, which is particularly beneficial for those with limited _______.4) The anonymity of online _______ can lead to issues of trust.Section BDirections:In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice.Passage One:The tourism industry has seen significant growth over the past few decades, driven by the increasing availability of affordable travel options and the rise of social media. These factorshave made it easier than ever for people to explore new destinations and share their experiences with others.One of the most notable trends in recent years is the rise of "sustainable tourism." This approach emphasizes minimizing the environmental impact of travel while supporting local communities. Sustainable tourism can include practices such as choosing eco-friendly accommodations, participating in conservation efforts, and respecting local cultures. However, the growth of tourism has also led to challenges. Popular destinations can become overcrowded, leading to damage to natural environments and cultural sites. In some cases, the influx of tourists can even disrupt local communities, causing resentment among residents. In conclusion, while tourism offers many benefits, it is important to approach travel responsibly to ensure that destinations can be enjoyed by future generations. Questions:1) What has contributed to the significant growth of the tourism industry?A) The decline in travel costs and the popularity of social media.B) The development of new transportation methods.C) The increase in luxury travel options.D) The promotion of international tourism by governments.2) What is a key aspect of sustainable tourism?A) Visiting as many destinations as possible.B) Minimizing environmental impact and supporting local communities.C) Staying in luxury hotels and resorts.D) Traveling to remote and unspoiled locations.3) What is one of the challenges caused by the growth of tourism?A) The decline in international travel.B) The negative impact on local cultures and environments.C) The rise in travel-related costs.D) The decrease in travel safety.4) How can travelers ensure that destinations remain enjoyable for future generations?A) By visiting only popular tourist spots.B) By choosing environmentally friendly travel options.C) By limiting the duration of their trips.D) By avoiding travel during peak seasons.Passage Two:The concept of work-life balance has become increasingly important in modern society. As technology continues to blur the lines between work and personal life, many people struggle to find time for relaxation and leisure. This issue is particularly prevalent in countries where long working hours are the norm.One of the main challenges of achieving work-life balance is the expectation to be constantly available. With the advent of smartphones and email, employees are often expected to respond to work-related communications outside of regular business hours. This can lead to burnout and decreased job satisfaction.Employers are beginning to recognize the importance of work-life balance for employee well-being and productivity. Some companies have implemented policies such as flexible working hours, remote work options, and mandatory vacation time to help employees achieve a healthier balance.In conclusion, work-life balance is essential for maintaining both physical and mental health. Employers and employees alike must work together to create an environment that supports a healthy balance between work and personal life.Questions:1) What has contributed to the difficulty of achieving work-life balance in modern society?A) The rise of remote work opportunities.B) The increasing demand for skilled labor.C) The expectation to be constantly available.D) The decline in job security.2) What is one of the negative effects of being constantly available for work?A) Increased job satisfaction.B) Higher productivity levels.C) Burnout and decreased job satisfaction.D) Improved work-life balance.3) How are some employers helping employees achieve work-life balance?A) By increasing work hours and reducing vacation time.B) By offering flexible working hours and remote work options.C) By eliminating work-from-home opportunities.D) By requiring employees to work on weekends.4) Why is work-life balance important?A) It helps employees earn more money.B) It allows employees to focus solely on their careers.C) It is essential for maintaining physical and mental health.D) It improves job security.Passage Three:The importance of cybersecurity has grown exponentially as the world becomes more connected through the internet. Cyberattacks are becoming more frequent and sophisticated, targeting everything from personal information to critical infrastructure.One of the most common forms of cyberattacks is phishing, where attackers trick individuals into providing sensitive information by pretending to be a trustworthy source. This can lead to identity theft, financial loss, and damage to an organization's reputation.To combat these threats, both individuals and organizations must take proactive measures. This includes using strong passwords, keeping software up to date, and being cautious of suspicious emails and links. Additionally, governments and businesses are investing in cybersecurity technologies and training to protect against potential threats.In conclusion, cybersecurity is an essential aspect of modern life, requiring constant vigilance and proactive measures to safeguard against the ever-evolving threats in the digital world. Questions:1) What has contributed to the growing importance of cybersecurity?A) The decline in internet usage.B) The increase in cyberattacks targeting critical infrastructure.C) The rise of traditional communication methods.D) The reduction in government regulations.2) What is one of the most common forms of cyberattacks?A) Phishing.B) Malware.C) Ransomware.D) Denial of service.3) What can individuals do to protect themselves from cyberattacks?A) Use weak passwords and share them with others.B) Keep software up to date and be cautious of suspicious emails.C) Ignore cybersecurity threats and rely on antivirus software.D) Avoid using the internet altogether.4) How are governments and businesses addressing cybersecurity threats?A) By reducing investments in cybersecurity technologies.B) By training employees and investing in cybersecurity technologies.C) By eliminating the use of the internet in the workplace.D) By ignoring cybersecurity risks.答案部分1. Part II 阅读理解（40分钟）Section APassage:电子商务的发展已经极大地改变了零售业。
四级考试英语阅读理解习题及答案
四级考试英语阅读理解习题及答案四级考试英语阅读理解习题(一)In 1993. New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year. Consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products. But because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills (垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled (回收利用) in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc. As the New York e某perience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life-and until economic arrangements e某ist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling,throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least e某pensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to saving of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs andtrims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.36. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?A) Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.B) Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.C) A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.D) Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.37. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to ________.A) end up somewhere undergroundB) be turned into raw materialsC) have a second-life valueD) be separated from other rubbish38. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ________.A) to sell them at a profitable priceB) how to turn them into useful thingsC) how to reduce their recycling costsD) to lower the prices for used materials39. Recycling ahs become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ________.A) local governments find it easy to manageB) recycling ahs great appeal for the joblessC) recycling causes little pollutionD) other methods are more e某pensive40. It can be concluded from the passage that ________.A) rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of rawmaterialsB) local governments in the U.S. can e某pect big profits from recyclingC) recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentallyD) landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal四级考试英语阅读理解习题答案36. D 37. A 38. B 39. D 40. C四级考试英语阅读理解习题(二)People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel and of several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eaten into the soft limestonecliffs on which they had been built. While e某perts were studyingthe problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion (侵蚀) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has become more serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. E某perts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting the year in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea. Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area toanother. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eaten as limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in one of the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turn out to be a knockdown home.11. What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?A) The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B) The e某perts’ lack of knowledge.C) The rising of the sea level.D) The washing-away of limestone cliffs.12. The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England________.A) will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB) has now become a threat to the local residentsC) is quickly changing the map of EnglandD) can be stopped if proper measures are taken13. The e某perts’ study on the problem of erosion can ________.A) lead to its eventual solutionB) provide an effective way to slow it downC) help to prevent it from worseningD) warn people whose homes are in danger14. It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ________.A) it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB) the government is too slow in taking actionC) they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD) house agents along the coast do not support the idea15. According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should ________.A) be aware of the potential danger involvedB) guard against being cheated by the house agentC) take the quality of the house into considerationD) e某amine the house carefully before making a decision 四级考试英语阅读理解习题答案11. C 12. B 13. A 14.B 15. D。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。
2021年12月英语四级考试阅读理解参考
【导语】世上的事，只要肯⽤⼼去学，没有⼀件是太晚的。
你只要记住你的今天⽐昨天进步了⼀点，那么你离你的梦想也就更近了⼀步。
下⾯是⽆忧考整理的内容，希望对你们有帮助！【篇⼀】2021年12⽉英语四级考试阅读理解参考 Some houses are designed to be smart. Others have smart designs. An example of the second type of house won an Award of Excellence from the American Institute of Architects. Located on the shore of Sullivan’s Island off the coast of South Carolina, the award-winning cube-shaped beach house was built to replace one smashed to pieces by Hurricane (飓风) Hugo 10 years ago. In September1989, Hugo struck South Carolina, killing 18 people and damaging or destroying 36,000 homes in the state. Before Hugo, many new houses built along South Carolina’s shoreline were poorly constructed, and enforcement of building codes wasn’t strict, according to architect Ray Huff, who created the cleverly-designed beach house. In Hugo’s wake, all new shoreline houses are required to meet stricter, better-enforced codes.The new beach house on Sullivan’s Island should be able to withstand a Category 3 hurricane with peak winds of 179 to 209 kilometers per hour. At first sight, the house on Sullivan’s Island looks anything but hurricane-proof. Its redwood shell makes it resemble “a large party lantern (灯笼)” at night, according to one observer. But looks can be deceiving. The house’s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength. To further protect the house from hurricane damage, Huff raised it 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings—long, slender columns of wood anchored deep in the sand. Pilings might appear insecure, but they arestrong enough to support the weight of the house. They also elevate the house above storm surges. The pilings allow the surges to run under the house instead of running into it. “These swells of water come ashore at tremendous speeds and cause most of the damage done to beach-front buildings,” said Huff. Huff designed the timber pilings to be partially concealed by the house’s ground-to-roof shell. “ The shell masks the pilings so that the house doesn’t look like it’s standing with its pant legs pulled up,” said Huff. In the event of a storm surge, the shell should break apart and let the waves rush under the house, the architect explained. 练习题： Choose correct answers to the question: 1. After the tragedy caused by Hurricane Hugo, new houses built along South Carolina’s shore line are required________. A. to be easily reinforced B. to look smarter in design C. to meet stricter building standards D. to be designed in the shape of cubes 2. The award-winning beach house is quite strong because ________. A. it is strengthened by steel rods B. it is made of redwood C. it is in the shape of a shell D. it is built with timber and concrete 3. Huff raised the house 2.7 meters off the ground on timber pilings in order to ________. A. withstand peak winds of about 200 km/hr B. anchor stronger pilings deep in the sand C. break huge sea waves into smaller ones D. prevent water from rushing into the house 4. The main function of the shell is ________. A. to strengthen the pilings of the house B. to give the house a better appearance C. to protect the wooden frame of the house D. to slow down the speed of the swelling water 5. It can be inferred from the passage that the shell should be ________. A. fancy-looking B. waterproof C. easily breakable D. extremely strong 1.[C] 根据题⽬中的专有名词Hugo查找到⽂中第3段第2句。
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【原文】The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earths surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earths crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【答案】1.[A] 事实细节题。
英语四级阅读理解部分的真题及答案
英语四级阅读理解部分的真题及答案阅读理解是中的重中之重，因为阅读理解占了30个题目，分值也较大。
再过不久就要进行英语四级考试了，同学们可以通过做真题来找到阅读理解的感觉。
为大家整理了英语四级阅读理解部分的真题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identi ied by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we have experienced a 20,000-year-long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice__36___away,However , we have already reached temperatures that are in__37__with other minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are __38__to a predicted worldwide in increase in temperatures__39__betweem 1℃ and 6℃ over the next 100 years. The warming will be more__40__in some areas, less in other, and some places may even cool off. Likewise, the __41__of this warming will be very different depending on where you are-coastal areas must worry about rising sea levels, while Siberia and northern Canada may become more habitable(宜居的)and __42__for humans than these areas are now.The fact remains, however, that it will likely get warmer, on __43__, everywhere. Scientists are in general agreement that the warmer conditions we have been experiencing are at least in part the result of a human-induced global warming trend. Somescientists___44__that the changes we are seeing fall within the range of random(无规律的)variation-some years are cold, others warm, and we have just had an unremarkable string of warm years__45___--but that is becoming an increasingly rare interpretation in the face of continued and increasingwarm conditions.A) appealing I) melted B) average J) persist C) contributing K) ranging D) dramatic L) recently E) frequently M) resolved F) impact N) sensible G) line O) shock H) maintainSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The End of the Book?[A] Amazon, by far the largest bookseller in the country, reported on May 19 that it is now selling more books in its electronic Kindle format than in the old paper-and-ink format. That is remarkable, considering that the Kindle has only been around for four years. E-books now account for 14 percent of all book sales in the country and are increasing far faster than overall book sales. E-book sales are up 146 percent over last year, while hardback sales increased 6 percent and paperbacks decreased 8 percent.[B] Does this spell the doom of the physical book? Certainly not immediately, and perhaps not at all. What it does mean is that the book business will go through a transformation in the next decade or so more profound than any it has seen since Gutenberg introduced printing from moveable type in the 1450s.[C] Physical books will surely become much rarer in the marketplace. Mass market paperbacks, which have been declining for years anyway, will probably disappear, as will hardbacks for mysteries, thrillers, “romance iction,” etc. Such books, which only rarely end up in permanent collections, either private or public, will probably only be available as e-books within a few years. Hardback and trade paperbacks for “serious” non iction andiction will surely last longer. Perhaps it will become the mark of an author to reckon with that he or she is still published in hard copy.[D] As for children’s books, who knows? Children’s books are like dog food in that the purchasers are not the consumers, so the market (and the marketing) is inherently strange.[E] For clues to the book’s future, let’s look at some examples of technological change and see what happened to the old technology.[F] One technology replaces another only because the new technology is better, cheaper, or both. The greater the difference, the sooner and more thoroughly the new technology replaces the old. Printing with moveable type on paper dramatically reducedthe cost of producing a book compared with the old-fashioned ones handwritten onvellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible—requiredto be sure, a long book—vellum, which comes from sheepskin. A Bible——to be sure, a long bookvellum made from 300 sheepskins and countless man-hours of labor. Before printingarrived, a Bible cost more than a middle-class house. There were perhaps 50,000 books in all of Europe in 1450. By 1500 there were 10 million.[G] But while printing quickly caused the hand written book to die out, handwriting lingered on (继续存在) well into the 16th century. Very special books are still occasionally produced on vellum, but they are one-of-a-kind show pieces.[H]Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old on [H]Sometimes a new technology doesn’t drive the old one out, but only parts of it e out, but only parts of it while forcing the rest to evolve. The movies were widely predicted to drive live theater out of the marketplace, but they didn’t, because theater turned out to have qualities movies could not reproduce. Equally, TV was supposed to replace movies but, again, did not. [I] Movies did, however, fatally impact some parts of live theater. And while TV didn’t kill movies, it did kill second-rate pictures, shorts, and cartoons.[J] Nor did TV kill radio. Comedy and drama shows (“Jack Benny,” “Amos and Andy,” “The Shadow”) all migrated to television. But because you can’t drive a car and watch television at the same time, rush hour became radio’s prime, while music, talk, and news radio greatly enlarged their audiences. Radio is today a very different business than in the late 1940s and a much larger one.[K] Sometimes old technology lingers for centuries because of its symbolic power.Mounted cavalry (骑兵) replaced the chariot (二轮战车) on the battle ield around 1000 BC. But chariots maintained their place in parades and triumphs right up until the end of the Roman Empire 1,500 years later. The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an of icer’s full years, but is still part of an of icer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always -dress uniform, precisely because a sword always s ymbolized “an of icer and a gentleman.”[L] Sometimes new technology is a little cranky (不稳定的) at irst. Televisionrepairman was a common occupation in the 1950s, for instance. And so the old technology remains as a backup. Steamships captured the North Atlantic passenger business from sail in the 1840s because of its much greater speed. But steamships didn’t lose their sails until the 1880s, because early marine engines had a nasty habit of breaking down. Until ships became large enough (and engines small enough) to mount two engines side by side, they needed to keep sails. (The high cost of steam and the lesser need for speed kept the majority of the world’s ocean freight moving by sail until the early years of the 20th century.)[M] Then there is the ireplace. Central heating was present in every upper-andmiddle-class home by the second half of the 19th century. But functioning ireplaces remain to this day a powerful selling point in a house or apartment. I suspect the reason is a deep-rooted love of the ire. Fire was one of the earliest major technological advances forhumankind, providing heat, protection, and cooked food (which is much easier to cat and digest). Human control of ire goes back far enough (over a million years) that evolution could have produced a genetic leaning towards ire as a central aspect of human life.[N] Books[N] Books——especially books the average person could afford—haven’t been around long enough to produce evolutionary change in humans. But they have a powerful hold on many people nonetheless, a hold extending farbeyond their literary content. At their best, they are works of art and there is a tactile(触觉的)pleasure in books necessarily lost in e-book versions. The ability to quickly thumb through pages is also lost. And a room with books in it induces, at least in some, a feeling not dissimilar to that of a ire in the ireplace on a cold winter’s night.[O] For these reasons I think physical books will have a longer existence as a commercial product than some currently predict. Like swords, books have symbolic power. Like ireplaces, they induce a sense of comfort and warmth. And, perhaps, similar to sails, they make a useful back-up for when the lights go out.46. Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47. Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide. 48. The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49. Contrary to many people’s prediction of its death, the ilm industry survived. 50. Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51. Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52. The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries. 53. A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 54. Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books. 55. A house with a ireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or un inished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn’t an either/or proposition(命题)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM(science, technology, engineering, maths)-related ields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technical training, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科)and social sciences must remain central components of America’s educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative(创新的)leaders, and bene it from the spiritual enrichment that there lection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances an d changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it’s natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their irst job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there’slittle reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be lexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight—picked up from science, arts, and technology——to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities technologythat present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
大学英语四级考试-阅读理解部分PPT课件
A.cheaper B.cleaner C.collection peted E.constructed F.consulted G.dimension H.discovered I.eventually J.height K.necessarily L.production M.range N.scale O.undertaken
2021
考点2：词性，词与词之间的关系 29.In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest ___collection___ of vertical solar panels Europe's 名词形式所有格, 类似于形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, their) 30.A vertical solar project on such a large _scale_has never been repeated since. “a” 冠词 a large ___名词_______ 31.For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _________ overtaken by the Millbank Tower. was ___+ly______ overtaken by 过去分词表被动 也可以看做是形容词 被超越的 ;副词修饰形容词 32.Green buildings like this aren't _________ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy ___________ through fossil fuels. 类似上一题 aren't _________ cost-efficient; by是介词-后面接名词或者名词词组. 35.Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of ____height_____ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy. of 介词 ;介词后面跟名词或者动名词
大学英语四级深度阅读题及详解
1.What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are ambivalent about what they putin their mouths. We have become 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).It’s wha t we eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define America as a community today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及详解】1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guiltyabout sth. “对……感到有愧”。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析在日复一日的学习、工作生活中，我们都可能会接触到试题，试题是参考者回顾所学知识和技能的重要参考资料。
相信很多朋友都需要一份能切实有效地帮助到自己的试题吧？以下是我为大家收集的大学生英语四级考试阅读理解精选试题及答案解析，欢迎大家分享。
大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析1The world has become a world of cities. With the present rate of urban growth(3. 8% in the Third World) , the majority of the population of the world will be living in cities by the year 2000. This will transform the rural-urban equation which has marked the history of mankind up to now and will call for new example and a great deal of innovation to face this phenomenon.This being so, one must accept the fact that for some years to come, no policy will be capable of stopping or reversing the present migratory trend from the rural areas to the cities in the Third World. In Africa, the urban population will reach 330 million people by the end of the century as against 150 million in 1995.The number of people living in shanty-towns (贫富窟) will inevitably increase in spite of the efforts to improve housing conditions.Africa alone needs to build 12 million housing units between now and the year 2000 to meet its most basic needs. In an ILO study, M. S. V. Sethuraman estimates that in 70 Third "World cities the proportion of people living in shanty-towns varies from 15% to 70% and that about US $ 116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year.The world population is growing at a rate of about 90 million people per year, with the Third World accounting for 80 million of them. The pressure on cities can only go on increasing. The urban population of the developing countries will exceed 2 billion people by the year 2000 and since the main reason for the high demographic (人口统计的) growth is poverty, the additional population will be mostly made of people of very limited means.21. If the urban population of the developing countries exceeds 2 billion people by the year 2000, the main problem the additional people will face is______.A. housingB. foodC. povertyD. limited land22. According to the passage, "about US $116 billion is required to give minimum comfort to these people by the turn of the century—less than US $ 10 billion per year. " Do you think which year was the article written by saying "less than $ 10 billion per year" by theturn of the century?A. 1985.B. 1990.C. 1988.D. 2000.23. The mankind should face the phenomenon that the world has become a world of cities with______.A. a lot of difficultiesB. efforts to improve housing conditionC. pressure of the basic needsD. new models and a great deal of transformation of ideas and methods24. In Africa, people in cities will be______by the end of the century.A. almost twice as much as in 1985B. doubled than that in 1985C. over twice as much as in 1985D. 300 million25. In spite of the efforts to improve housing condition, the number of people living in shanty-towns will increase because______.A. houses in shanty-towns are cheapB. shanty-towns could provide people with minimum comfortC. no policy will be capable of stopping or changing the present immigrant tendency from the rural areas to the cities in the Third WorldD. the Third Word population is growing at a rate of about 80 million people per year答案：21. C 22. C 23. D 24. C 25. C大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析2There are two factors which determine an individuals intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable. The importance of environment in determining an individuals intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when theywere giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Marks I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____. a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a persons intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______. a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same level b.an individuals intelligence is determined only by his enviroment ck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence d.changes of enviromentproduce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual s I.Q.______. a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析3There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief inyour ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase. Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析4Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death. Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised. First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent . Finally,thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb【大学生英语四级考试阅读理解试题及答案解析】。
2020年大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题及答案详解(全套)
大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题及答案（全套）大学英语四级考试阅读理解真题【阅读】Section CDirections： There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption.A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people's hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they'd seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.This disparity (盖弃）suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol."Hunger isn't controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal，" Brunstrom says. "This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought."These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 3S0-calorie (卡路里）milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones （荷尔蒙），depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they'd consumed a higher-calorie shake.What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
大学四级阅读理解(精选5篇)
大学四级阅读理解（精选5篇）1.大学四级阅读理解第1篇四级阅读的题目中，有些问题提问的不只是一个方面，这类题目考查的就是小伙伴们整合信息的能力了。
虽然说在一般情况下，我们的四级阅读是一个萝卜一个坑，一道题目考查一个信息，但是还是会有复合型题目的出现。
有些题目，需要我们整合整篇文章的有用信息来作答，有的题目需要我们整合某几段的内容，大家在做题的时候要提炼出每一段的主旨大意，这样在后做题的时候，就更方便我们得到答案了。
2.大学四级阅读理解第2篇一、写作写作部分测试学生用英语进行书面表达的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。
写作测试选用考生所熟悉的题材，要求考生根据所提供的信息及提示(如：提纲、情景、图片或图表等)写出一篇短文，四级120-180词，六级150-200词。
二、听力为了适应新的形势下社会对大学生英语听力能力需求的变化，进一步提高听力测试的效度，全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会自20XX年6月考试起将对四、六级考试的听力试题作局部调整。
调整的相关内容说明如下：1、取消短对话。
2、取消短文听写。
3、新增短篇新闻(3段)，其余测试内容不变。
自本次考试起，调整后的CET4听力时间为25分钟，考试起止时间调整为9:00-11:20。
三、阅读理解阅读理解部分包括1篇长篇阅读和3篇仔细阅读，测试学生在不同层面上的阅读理解能力，包括理解篇章或段落的主旨大意和重要细节、综合分析、推测判断以及根据上下文推测词义等能力。
该部分所占分值比例为35%，其中长篇阅读占10%，仔细阅读占25%。
考试时间40分钟。
四、翻译翻译部分测试学生把汉语所承载的信息用英语表达出来的能力，所占分值比例为15%，考试时间30分钟。
翻译题型为段落汉译英。
翻译内容涉及中国的历史、文化、经济、社会发展等。
四级长度为140-160个汉字，六级长度为180-200个汉字。
3.大学四级阅读理解第3篇torture 拷问,痛苦拷问,使痛苦,曲解auto autos=automobile 自动汽车自动的,自己的diligent 勤奋的, 用功的label 标签; 称标记，符号; [建] 门或窗户上面的线脚贴标签于; 把…称为; 把…列为; [化]用放射性元素使(元素或原子等)示踪aerial 空气的; 航空的，空中的; 空想的 [电讯] 天线track 小路, 跑道, 轨道, 踪迹; 惯例, 常规跟踪, 追踪roast 烤肉,烘烤烘烤的,烤过的烤,烘焙spray 水沫,喷雾器 & 喷雾,扫射,喷射alert 警觉的,灵敏的警戒,警报警惕,使意识到herd 兽群,人群,牧人群集,使成群,放牧聚在一起environmental 环境的spur 马刺, 刺激, 鞭策, 支脉, (公路或铁路的)支线, 以马刺策(马)前进, 刺激, 激励, 给(马)装马刺plot 阴谋, 情节，图, (小块)土地，绘图, 密谋, 计划，标示位置purchase 购买, 购买的物品支点; 紧握, 抓紧购买, 赢得; (用设备)举起, 移动participate 参加某事; 分享某事得到或接受某部分东西excel 超过, 优于胜出 [计算机] 软件名称stain 污染,污点,著色沾染,染污,著色battery 电池,一系列,排炮mortgage 抵押抵押;房屋抵押贷款expenditure (时间、劳力、金钱等)支出,使用,消耗racial 种族的,人种的discard 丢牌,废牌丢弃,抛弃丢牌optimism 乐观,乐观主义drain 下水道,排水沟,消耗耗尽,排出,排干,喝光变干,排出,排水satisfactory 令人满意的boost 推进,支援,增加推进,提高donation 捐赠物, 捐款, 捐赠formula 公式,配方,规则;代乳品 (赛车的)级的，方程式的illustrate 举例说明,作图解举例noticeable 显而易见的beneficial 有益的,有利的schedule 时间表, 一览表, 计划安排, 计划, 预定, 编制目录fraction 分数, 小部分, 破片import 进口进口,输入输入,进口uneasy 不自在的, 心神不安的, 不稳定的, 不舒服的frank 坦白的,直率的,无误的免费邮寄,使自由出入免费邮寄committee 委员会impress 印象,特徵,印记使有印象,影响,印刻,传送给人印象impressive 给人深刻印象的observation 观察,观察力,评论被设计用来观察的racial 种族的,人种的discard 丢牌,废牌丢弃,抛弃丢牌optimism 乐观,乐观主义drain 下水道,排水沟,消耗耗尽,排出,排干,喝光变干,排出,排水satisfactory 令人满意的boost 推进,支援,增加推进,提高donation 捐赠物, 捐款, 捐赠formula 公式,配方,规则;代乳品 (赛车的)级的，方程式的illustrate 举例说明,作图解举例noticeable 显而易见的beneficial 有益的,有利的schedule 时间表, 一览表, 计划安排, 计划, 预定, 编制目录fraction 分数, 小部分, 破片import 进口进口,输入输入,进口uneasy 不自在的, 心神不安的, 不稳定的, 不舒服的frank 坦白的,直率的,无误的免费邮寄,使自由出入免费邮寄committee 委员会impress 印象,特徵,印记使有印象,影响,印刻,传送给人印象impressive 给人深刻印象的observation 观察,观察力,评论被设计用来观察的accelerate 加速,提前,跳级加速gaze 凝视凝视survive 比…活得长,幸免于难,艰难度过活着, 继续存在suspect 猜疑(是); 怀疑，不信任; 怀疑…有罪嫌疑犯怀疑session 开会，会议;(法庭的)开庭; 会期，学期; (进行某活动连续的)一段时间purify (使)净化，(使)精炼，涤罪harmonious 和睦的, 和谐的, 音调优美的release 释放, 让渡, 发行释放, 让与, 准予发表, 发射element 成分,要素,元素,基本原理,(复数)恶劣天气settle 有背的长凳安放,安顿,解决,决定,付清(欠款) 定居,降落acute 尖的，锐的; 敏锐的，敏感的; 严重的，剧烈的; [医]急性的, 激烈的, 尖锐的profound 极深的,深奥的,深厚的,严重的luxury 奢侈, 豪华, 奢侈品induce 引诱,导致,催生admission 许可, 入会费, 承认historic 有历史意义的virtue 美德,优点;贞操convince 说服, 使相信operator 操作员,管理者,技工,报务员legal 法律的,合法的,法定的4.大学四级阅读理解第4篇江湖上，每每侠客想要救人或是寻求某物都会有这样那样的闯关之说，想想我们考研的一干人等在通关考研这个环节也与江湖规则有相似之处。
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段落翻译
15% 100%
考试时间 30分钟
25分钟
40分钟 30分钟 125分钟
Part III 阅读理解
❖一、选词填空 ❖二、信息匹配 ❖三、篇章阅读
一、选词填空
❖ 选词填空题是大学英语四级考试的 新题型，选词填空题的文章长度在 220-250词左右，要求从给出的15 个词中选择10个填入合适的空中。
大学英语四级考试流程
试卷结构 写作
听力理解
阅读理解 翻译
Байду номын сангаас
考试题型
测试内容 写作
测试题型 短文写作
分值比例 15%
短篇新闻3段 选择题（单选） 7%
长对话2篇 选择题（单选） 8%
听力篇章3篇 选择题（单选） 20%
词汇理解 长篇阅读 仔细阅读
选词填空 匹配
多项选择
5% 10% 20%
汉译英 总计
instance, such as, and so on 等 (6)递进关系：what’s more,
moreover, in addition 等
（四）重读文章，确定答案
❖ 考生不仅要迅速地确定答案，还要在确定 答案之后迅速地复查。检查上下文是否通 顺、上下文的逻辑结构是否正确、文章的 意思是否出现偏差等。复查无误后即可确 定为最后答案。
Green buildings like this aren't _n_e_ce_s_s_a_r_il_y cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy _p_ro_d_u_c_t_io_n___ through fossil fuels. As solar panels get _c_h_e_a_p_e_r___ , the world is likely to see more skyscrapers covered in solar panels, collecting energy much like trees do. Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of __h_e_ig_h_t___ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy.
❖ 解题步骤及技巧：
❖ 第一步：浏览全文和选项
❖ 第二步：确定选项的词性(选项所提供的
词皆为实义词，包括：名词、动词、形容词、
副词等 ) ❖ 第三步：瞻前顾后，灵活选词
❖ 第四步：重读文章，确定答案
（一）浏览全文和选项
❖ 这一步是为了了解文章的大致内容和选项， 做到心中有数。主要关注文章中涉及的人物、 事件、地方、原因以及结果。反复出现的词 将会是帮助大家掌握文章大致内容的重要线 索。
A.cheaper adj.更便宜 B.cleaner n.清洁工&adj.比较级，更干净 C.collection n.收藏品 作品 peted v. 竞争，对抗（compete的过去分词） E.constructed vt. 构造，建造；创立，构筑；搭建（construct的过去分词） F.consulted v. 请教，咨询（consult过去式） G.dimension n. 方面;[数] 维；尺寸；次元；容积 vt. 标出尺寸 adj. 规格的 H.discovered v. 发现，找到（discover的过去形式） I.eventually adv. 最后，终于 J.height n. 高地；高度；身高；顶点 K.necessarily adv. 必要地；必定地，必然地 L.production n. 成果；产品；生产；作品 M.range n. 范围；幅度 N.scale n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围 O.undertaken v. 从事；开始进行（undertake的过去分词）
3. 确定空格为形容词
❖ (1)空格后面为名词，空格处应填入形容 词; (2)空格前面是副词，空格处应填入形容 词; (3)空格前面是系动词，空格处应填入形 容词作表语。
4. 确定空格为副词
❖ (1)空格前面或者后面为动词， 空格处应填入副词; (2)空格后面是形容词，空格处 应填入副词。
❖ 常见的逻辑关系词如下： (1)并列关系：and, or, as well as
（二）确定选项的词性
❖ 选项中的15个词是考查的关键，对于熟悉的单 词标明词性和词义，不熟悉的单词或者不认识 的单词只需标明词性。 辨别词性要注意以下几点： 1. 动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词。非谓 语动词包括：动词不定式、动名词、现在分词 和过去分词。过去分词有两种可能性(形容词 和动词的过去分词), 无法确定时标问号。 2. 不认识的词看后缀。构词法中, 前缀区 分意思, 后缀区分词性。所以看词尾往往能大 致分出词性。 3. 词性无法确定的, 暂时搁置。 4. 做出相应的标记。
考点1：辨别词&意思相近的&外型相似词的意思
1.E.constructed vt. 构造，建造；创立，构筑；搭建（construct的过去分 词） F.consulted v. 请教，咨询（consult过去式）
2.G.dimension n. 方面;[数] 维；尺寸；次元；容积 vt. 标出尺寸 adj. 规格的 M.range n. 范围；幅度 N.scale n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围
考点2：词性，词与词之间的关系 29.In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest ___collection___ of vertical solar panels Europe's 名词形式所有格, 类似于形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, their) 30.A vertical solar project on such a large _scale_has never been repeated since. “a” 冠词 a large ___名词_______ 31.For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _________ overtaken by the Millbank Tower. was ___+ly______ overtaken by 过去分词表被动 也可以看做是形容词 被超越的 ;副词修饰形容词 32.Green buildings like this aren't _________ cost-efficient for the investor, but it does produce much less pollution than that caused by energy ___________ through fossil fuels. 类似上一题 aren't _________ cost-efficient; by是介词-后面接名词或者名词词组. 35.Imagine a world where building the tallest skyscraper wasn't a race of ____height_____ , but rather one to collect the most solar energy. of 介词 ;介词后面跟名词或者动名词
（三）瞻前顾后，灵活选词
❖ 词性分类之后，回到原文中，根据原 文中空格前后的单词或语句确定所填词的 词性，然后从分好类的单词中选择出词性、 意思、语法都符合要求的最佳选项。我们 可以根据一些简单的语法知识确定答案。 首先，根据空格的前后决定所填词的 词性。 其次，利用逻辑关系词确定答案。
1. 确定空格为名词
A.cheaper B.cleaner C.collection peted E.constructed F.consulted G.dimension H.discovered I.eventually J.height K.necessarily L.production M.range N.scale O.undertaken
❖ (1)空格前面为冠词、形容词或者及 物动词的，空格处应填入名词; (2)空格后面是动词的，空格处应填 入该动词的主语(名词); (3)空格前面是介词的，空格充当介 词宾语，应填入名词或动名词。
2. 确定空格为动词
❖ (1)空格前面已经有名词/代词作主语，后面又有 名词/代词作为动词的宾语，空格处应为及物动 词; (2)空格前面是名词/代词，后面没有宾语，空格 处应填不及物动词; (3)空格前面是名词/代词，后面是副词/介词， 空格处应填入不及物动词，与副词/介词构成固 定搭配; (4)空格前面是名词/代词，后面是形容词，空格 处应填入系动词或be动词; (5)空格前面有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动 词原形;若to是介词，应填入动名词。
大学英语四级考试
Alex 2018
注意事项
❖ 1.带齐物品：收音机 / 耳机，备用电池， 2B铅笔，橡皮，黑色签字笔，准考证， 身份证，学生证。水、面巾纸。
❖ 2.提前进场 ❖ 3.考试时注意时间：一般情况下不能
通过的人都是做不完试题的人；要是 能做完试题（只要不是胡乱蒙的）， 一般很容易能通过。
2018年6月真题第一套 阅读理解第一题 An office tower on Miller Street in Manchester is completely covered in solar panels. They are used to create some of the energy used by the insurance company inside. When the tower was first _c_o_n_s_tr_u_c_te_d_ in 1962, it was covered with thin square stones. These small square stones became a problem for the building and continued to fall off the face for 40 years until a major renovation wasu_n_d_e_r_ta_k_e_n. During this renovation the building's owners, CIS, __co_n_s_u_l_te_d_ the solar panel company, Solarcentury. They agreed to cover the entire building in solar panels. In 2004, the completed CIS tower became Europe's largest _c_o_ll_e_c_ti_o_n__ of vertical solar panels. A vertical solar project on such a large __s_c_a_le_____ has never been repeated since. Covering a skyscraper with solar panels had never been done before, and the CIS tower was chosen as one of the "10 best green energy projects". For a long time after this renovation project, it was the tallest building in the United Kingdom, but it was _e_v_e_n_tu_a_l_ly_ overtaken by the Millbank Tower.