免疫与疾病(1)

substance Pathogen or Toxic chemical
Body’s reaction to an antigen invasion
Elicits the
Blood protein
immune response
Made in the immune response by plasma B cells
Acute = short term
Nutrition
Caused by pathogens environment, genetics,
poor nutrition
Stress relief Strong Immune System = Natural Defense
Pathogen/ Host Host =
Individual’s health
“toxic”
Harmful substance
Living or dead
Cause disease
Syphilis Chlamydeous Gonorrhea Herpes HIV Aids (death)
STD X X X X X no
Cold Flu Strep throat
Strep bacteria of Rheumatic Fever
Germ Theory
Microorganisms can cause disease
Microorganism = tiny unseen organism
Louis Pasteur in mid 1800’s
Infection:A growth of a
Hybrid cell producing antibodies:
Virulence/ Toxin
Virulence:
Toxin:
“strength” of a pathogen to over come the immune defenses
Amount & entry
Length of exposure
Immunity & Disease
Ch 38
Immunity = protection against an invading foreign substance
Disease/ Health
Disease:=“dis-ease”
Health:
Imbalance
Homeostasis
Chronic = long term Proper exercise
Pathogen:
“hostess”
“pathos”=suffering
Disease causing agent
of the Pathogen party!
Bacteria
Virus
Protist parasite
Fungus, Mold
Innate versus Acquired Immunity
Passive= from mother or injection of antibodies
Cells of the Immune Response
Type of cell Innate/Acquired Function
Basophil Eosinophil Neutrophil
Innate=early defenses
Green antibody battles a red antigen!
Antigen-antibody
complex:
Unique chemical fit
Once infected the anti body “memory” is stored=
Immunity or protection when invaded again
Eubacterium X
Virus
X
x
X
x
By common diseases When the immune system fails
x
x
x
AIDS = break down of the immune system & death due to common diseases versus death by AIDS virus
WBC in the blood
Macrophage Innate WBC in tissues
T-cells Helper Acquired
Killer
Cellular immunity
Memory
Antibody immunity
B-Memory Plasma Antibodies
Acquired Antibody immunity Antibody immunity
Innate=Early defenses:
WBC= Phagocytes & Macrophages
Skin,Tears, Saliva,Mucus, Sweat
Histamines= swelling
Acquired=Build up Resistance:
Immune response
Lymph system
Antibody /Cellular immunity= type of cells involved
Passive/Active= type of exposure
The Skin:Innate Immunity
Acquired Immunity
Immune System
Specific
Active=Natural exposure eБайду номын сангаасicits immune response or vaccination
Attack antigens As phagocytes= (surround & destroy)
Attack antigens As phagocytes Communicate Destroy Remember
Remember Make antibodies Bind to antigens
Macrophage (WBC) engulfs a bacterium in the immune system:
Lymph system: fluids & Macrophage WBC with lymph nodes
Antibody/Antigen
Antigen:
Antibody:
Invading foreign “anti”=against