英语特殊名词-中英
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses 动态动词event verb 形容词adjective副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form \原形base form从句clause 从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause 定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause 主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence 简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence 并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence 疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question 特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question基本句型basic sentence pattern 句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object 同源宾语cognate object补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative定语attribute 同位语appositive状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship并列coordinate 从属subordination修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number 单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form普通格common case 所有格possessive case主格nominative case 宾格objective case性gender第一人称first person 第二人称second person第三人称third person 时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense 现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense 过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation语序order 自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech 自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity。
英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法
英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和老师沟通，却不知道一些语法专有名词的英文怎么说，于是，只能用一大串英语来描述一个专有名词。
例如，同学想问形容词的用法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英文说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英文语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花个常用英语语法术语表达语法grammar句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word派生词derivative 复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person 第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis 重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic。
名词英语单词大全100个
下面是100个常见的名词英语单词，包括中英翻译和音标：1. Apple - 苹果[ˈæpl]2. Book - 书[bʊk]3. Cat - 猫[kæt]4. Dog - 狗[dɔɡ]5. Elephant - 大象[ˈɛlɪfənt]6. Flower - 花[ˈflaʊər]7. Guitar - 吉他[ɡɪˈtɑr]8. Hat - 帽子[hæt]9. Ice cream - 冰淇淋[aɪs krim]10. Juice - 果汁[dʒus]11. Key - 钥匙[ki]12. Lion - 狮子[ˈlaɪən]13. Moon - 月亮[mun]14. Nurse - 护士[nɜrs]15. Orange - 橙子[ˈɔrɪndʒ]16. Pen - 笔[pɛn]17. Queen - 女王[kwin]18. Rabbit - 兔子[ˈræbɪt]19. Sun - 太阳[sʌn]20. Tree - 树[triː]21. Umbrella - 雨伞[ʌmˈbrɛlə]22. Violin - 小提琴[ˌvaɪəˈlɪn]23. Water - 水[ˈwɔtər]24. Xylophone - 木琴[ˈzaɪləˌfoʊn]25. Yogurt - 酸奶[ˈjoʊɡərt]26. Zebra - 斑马[ˈziːbrə]27. Ball - 球[bɔːl]28. Car - 汽车[kɑr]29. Door - 门[dɔːr]30. Egg - 鸡蛋[ɛɡ]31. Fish - 鱼[fɪʃ]32. Globe - 地球仪[ɡloʊb]33. House - 房子[haʊs]34. Ice - 冰[aɪs]35. Jacket - 夹克[ˈdʒækɪt]36. Kangaroo - 袋鼠[ˌkæŋɡəˈruː]37. Lemon - 柠檬[ˈlɛmən]38. Monkey - 猴子[ˈmʌŋki]39. Nose - 鼻子[noʊz]40. Owl - 猫头鹰[aʊl]41. Pizza - 比萨[ˈpiːtsə]42. Queen - 女王[kwin]43. Rainbow - 彩虹[ˈreɪnboʊ]44. Ship - 船[ʃɪp]45. Table - 桌子[ˈteɪbl]46. Unicorn - 独角兽[ˈjuːnɪkɔrn]47. Van - 货车[væn]48. Whale - 鲸鱼[weɪl]49. X-ray - X光[ˈɛksˌreɪ]50. Yogurt - 酸奶[ˈjoʊɡərt]51. Airplane - 飞机[ˈɛrˌpleɪn]52. Boat - 船[boʊt]53. Cow - 牛[kaʊ]54. Duck - 鸭子[dʌk]55. Elephant - 大象[ˈɛlɪfənt]56. Fox - 狐狸[fɑks]57. Giraffe - 长颈鹿[dʒəˈræf]58. Horse - 马[hɔːrs]59. Insect - 昆虫[ˈɪnsɛkt]60. Jellyfish - 水母[ˈdʒɛliˌfɪʃ]61. Kangaroo - 袋鼠[ˌkæŋɡəˈruː]62. Lion - 狮子[ˈlaɪən]63. Mouse - 老鼠[maʊs]64. Nest - 巢[nɛst]65. Octopus - 章鱼[ˈɑːktəpəs]66. Penguin - 企鹅[ˈpɛŋɡwɪn]67. Quail - 鹌鹑[kweɪl]68. Rabbit - 兔子[ˈræbɪt]69. Sheep - 绵羊[ʃiːp]70. Tiger - 老虎[ˈtaɪɡər]71. Unicorn - 独角兽[ˈjuːnɪkɔrn]72. Vulture - 秃鹰[ˈvʌltʃər]73. Whale - 鲸鱼[weɪl]74. X-ray - X光[ˈɛksˌreɪ]75. Yak - 牦牛[jæk]76. Zoo - 动物园[zuː]77. Apple - 苹果[ˈæpl]78. Banana - 香蕉[bəˈnænə]79. Carrot - 胡萝卜[ˈkærət]80. Durian - 榴莲[ˈdʊriən]81. Eggplant - 茄子[ˈɛɡˌplænt]82. Fig - 无花果[fɪɡ]83. Grapes - 葡萄[ɡreɪps]84. Honeydew - 蜜瓜[ˈhʌnidjuː]85. Ice cream - 冰淇淋[aɪs krim]86. Jackfruit - 菠萝蜜[ˈdʒækˌfrut]87. Kiwi - 猕猴桃[ˈkiwi]88. Lemon - 柠檬[ˈlɛmən]89. Mango - 芒果[ˈmæŋɡoʊ]90. Nectarine - 油桃[ˌnɛktəˈriːn]91. Orange - 橙子[ˈɔrɪndʒ]92. Pineapple - 菠萝[ˈpaɪˌnæpəl]93. Quince - 山楂[kwɪns]94. Raspberry - 树莓[ˈræzbəri]95. Strawberry - 草莓[ˈstrɔːbəri]96. Tomato - 西红柿[təˈmeɪtoʊ]97. Ugli fruit - 丑橘[ˈʌɡliːfrut]98. Vanilla - 香草[vəˈnɪlə]99. Watermelon - 西瓜[ˈwɔːtərˌmɛlən] 100. Yam - 山药[jæm]希望这些单词能对您有所帮助！。
(完整版)常用英语语法术语表_中英
常用英语语法术语表达语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology结构 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词simple word派生词derivative复合词compound词性part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词dynamic verb静态动词 state verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词adverb of adjunct连接性副词 adverb of conjunct疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词 reciprocal pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question感叹疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence肯定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence patern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence感叹句 exclamatory sentence句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object补语 complement主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship 并列 coordinate从属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case普通格 common case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine阴性 feminine通性 common中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 simple present tense一般过去时 simple past tense一般将来时 simple future tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 present perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood否定 negation否定范围 scope of negation全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion全部倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement 语法一致 grammatical agreement概念一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity强调 emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage感情色彩 emotional coloring褒义 commendatory贬义 derogatory幽默 humorous讽刺 sarcastic。
语法术语中英文
语法术语中英文1. Noun （名词）countable uncountable （可数名词、不可数名词）Number of N （名词的数）Irregular plurals （不规那么复数）Genitive case of N （名词的所有格）Double genitive （双重所有格）2.Pronoun （代词）Personal pronoun （人称代词）Possessive pronoun （物主代词）Reflexive pronoun （反身代词）Interrogative pronoun （疑问代词）Indefinite pronoun （不定代词）3.Numeral （数次）Cardinal 、ordinal numbers （基数词、序数词）Percentage （百分数）Fraction （分数）Decimal （小数）Multiple （倍数）4.Determiner （限定词）Definite, indefinite, zero articles （定冠词，不定冠词，零冠词）Quantifiers （数量词）5.Preposition （介词）6.Adjective （形容词）Attributive 定语Predicative 表语Adverb clause equivalent 副词性从句7. Adverb （副词）Modifier of Adj / Adv / Prep-phrase / N-Phrase / Adverb-clause （形容词、副词、介词短语、副词性从句的修饰语）The comparative and superlative degrees of Adj / Adv （形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）9. Verb classes （动词）Transitive and intransitive verbs（及物动词和不及物动词）Auxiliaries and modal auxiliaries（助动词和情态动词）Semi-auxiliaries （半助动词）Phrasal verbs （短语动词）10. Tense （时态）Simple present, past, future and with modals （一样此刻时，一样过去时，一样以后时和情态助动词加动词）Present and past progressive（此刻进行时和过去进行时）Future progressive and with modals（以后进行时和情态动词加进行时）Present and past perfect（此刻完成时和过去完成时）Future perfect and with modals （以后完成时和情态动词加完成时）Present perfect progressive（此刻完成进行时）Past perfect progressive （过去完成进行时）voice （被动语态）Passive voice in simple tense（被动语态的一样时态）Passive voice in perfect and progressive tenses （被动语态的完成和进行时态）Passive voice of phrasal verbs （短语动词的被动语态）12.Subjunctive mood （虚拟语气）13.To V （Infinitive 动词不定式）as subject, object and complement （用作主语，宾语和补足语）Indicating purpose / result （表示目的和结果）Modifying adjective （修饰形容词）as post modifier in a noun phrase （后位修饰名词）to be + V-ed2, to have + V-ed2, to be + V-ing （不定式的被动式，完成式和进行式）14.V-ing （Gerund 动名词）object, subject and predicative （宾语, 主语和表语）N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing as subject and object （名词/ 代词或其所有格加动名词作主语和宾语）Prep + N / Pronouns or their possessive + V-ing （介词加名词/代词或其所有格加动名词）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as a noun equivale nt （动名词的被动式,完成式和完成被动式起名词作用）15pre-modifier and post modifier in a noun phrase 此刻分词和过去分词）as complement （补足语）as an adverb clause equivalen t（作状语）When / while, etc. + V-ing / V-ed2 （When / While 等加此刻分词或过去分词）（with） N + V-ing / V-ed2 （ [ with ] 名词加此刻分词或过去分词）Dangling V-ing as adverb clause equivalen t（无归属此刻分词作状语）being + V-ed2, having + V-ed2, having been + V-ed2 as an adverb or adjective clause equivalen t（此刻分词的被动式、完成式和完成被动式作状语或定语）16. Basic sentence patterns and sentence elements （大体句型和句子成份）Pattern 1: S + VPattern 2: S + V + CsPattern 3: S + V + OPattern 4: S + V + Oi + OdPattern 5: S + V + Od + Co17. Interrogative form （疑问形式）Negative form （否定形式）Passive form （被动形式）relative clause （定语从句）Restrictive and non-restrictive （限制Pare nt hesis （插入语）Omission （省略）Omission through coordination （并列结构中的省略）Negation （否定）Total negation （全数否定）Partial negation （部份否定）Double negation （双重否定）Transferred negation （转移否定）性和非限制性定语从句）Appositive clause （同位语从句）Noun phrase appositive to clause（名词短语作句子的同位语）Clause of time and space（时刻从句和地址从句）Clauses of condition, concession and con tras t （条件从句、妥协从句和对照从句）Clauses of cause, result and purpose（缘故从句、结果从句和目的从句）Clauses of manner and comparison（方式从句和比较从句）Clauses of proportion and other types（比例从句和其它从句）3rd person pronouns, and plurals of the 1st and 2nd person pronouns （第三人称代词，第一、二人称代词的复数）indefinite pronouns （不定代词）（+ of + N / Pron）Subjec t-verb inversion（主语与谓语倒装）朗文高级英语语法》第一章动词时态概述(Overview Of Verb Tenses)1- 1 一样时态(The Simple Tenses)1- 2 进行时态(The ProgressiveTenses)31- 3 完成时态(The Perfect Tenses)1- 4 完成进行时态(The PerfectProgressive Tenses)1-5 时态用法总结(Summary Chart ofVerb Tenses)1- 6 -ing 和-ed 形式的拼写(Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms)第二章一样此刻时，一样过去时，此刻进行时和过去进行时(Present And Past,Simple And Progressive)2- 1 一样此刻时(Simple Present) 2- 2 此刻进行时(Present Progressive)2- 3 静态动词( Stative Verbs)2-5 规那么动词和不规那么动词(Regular and Irregular Verbs)2-6 规那么动词：-ed的发音(RegularVerbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings)2-7 不规那么动词表(Irregular Verbs: an Alphabetical List)2-8 易混淆的动词：raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie (Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie)2-9 一样过去时(Simple Past)2-10 过去进行时(Past Progressive)2-11进行时态与always连用表示抱怨(Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain)2-12 进行时态中地址状语的用法(Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs) being + Adjective)3- 1 此刻完成时(Present Perfect)2-4 am/is/are being+形容词(am/is/are第三章完成时和完成进行时(Perfect And Perfect Progressive Tenses)3- 2 此刻完成进行时(Present Perfect Progressive) 3- 3 过去完成时(Past Perfect)3- 4 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive)第四章以后时(Future Time)4- 1 一样以后时：will 和be going to (Simple Future: will and be going to)4- 2 will 与be going to 的比较(will vs. be going to)4- 3 历时刻状语从句表示以后(Expressing the Future in Time Clauses)4-4 用一样此刻时和此刻进行时表示以后(Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time)4- 5 以后进行时(Future Progressive)4- 6 以后完成时(Future Perfect)4-7 以后完成进行时(Future Perfect Progressive)第五章时刻状语从句和时态的温习(Adverb Clauses Of Time And Review Of Verb Tenses)5- 1 时刻状语从句：形式(Adverb Clauses of Time: Form)5- 2 历时刻状语从句表示时刻关系(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships)第六章主谓一致(Subject-verbAgreement)6-1以-s或-es结尾的词：用法、发音和拼写(Final -s/-es: Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling)6-2 大体的主谓一致问题(BasicSubject-verb Agreement)6-3 主谓一致：表达数量(Subject-verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity)6-4 主谓一致：there be的用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Using there + be)6- 5 主谓一致：不规那么用法(Subject-verb Agreement: Some Irregularities)第七章名词(Nouns)7- 1 名词复数形式的规那么和不规那么转变(Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns)7- 2 所有格(Possessive Nouns)1037- 3 名词作修饰语(Using Nouns as Modifiers)7-4 可数名词和不可数名词(Count andNoncount Nouns)7- 5 不可数名词(Noncount Nouns)7- 6 常见不可数名词(Some Common Noncount Nouns)7-7 冠词的大体用法(Basic ArticleUsage)7-8 冠词用法的大体原那么(General Guidelines for Article Usage)7-9 数量的表达(Expressions of Quantity)7-10 a few 和few, a little 和little 的用法(Using a few and few; a little and little)7-11 带of 的数量表达(Using of in Expressions of Quantity)7-12 all (of)和both (of)〔All (of) and both (of) 7-13 单数的数量表达：one, each, every (Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every)第八章代词(Pronouns)8- 1 人称代词(Personal Pronouns)8- 2 人称代词：与类属名词、不定代词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns)8-3 人称代词：与集合名词的一致性(Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Collective Nouns)8- 4 反身代词(Reflexive Pronouns)8-5 you, one 和they 用作非人称代词(Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns)8- 6 other 的形式(Forms of other)8-7 other 的常见表达(CommonExpressions with other)第九章情态动词(一) (Modals, Part 1)9- 1 概述(Introduction)9-2 I作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with I as the Subject)9-3 you 作主语的礼貌请求(PoliteQuestions with you as the Subject)9- 4 would you mind 用作礼貌请求(Polite Requests with would you mind)9- 5 表示必需：must, have to, have got to (Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to)9-6 没必要要和禁止：have to和must的否定形式(Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative)9-7 忠告：should, ought to, had better (Advisability: should, ought to, had better)9-8 should 的过去式(The Past Form of should)9-9 期望:be supposed to (Expec tatio ns: be supposed to)9-10 提议:let's, why don't, shall I/we(Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall I/we)9-11 提议：could与should的比较(Making Suggestions: could vs. should) 第十章情态动词(二) (Modals, Part 2)10- 1 表示确信程度：此刻时(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time)10-2 表示确信程度：此刻时的否定形式(Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative)10-3 表示确信程度：过去时(Degrees of Certainty: Past Time)10-4 表示确信程度：以后时(Degrees of Certainty: Future Time)10-5 情态动词的进行式(Progressive Forms of Modals)10-6 表示能力：can 和could (Ability:can and could)10-7 would 表示过去重复性的动作(Using would to Express a RepeatedAction in the Past)10-8 表示偏向： would rather(Expressing Preference: would rather)10-9 情态动词和短语情态动词的结合(Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals)10-10 情态动词和类似表达的总结表(Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions)第十一章被动语态(The Passive)11-1 被动语态的组成(Forming the Passive)11-2 被动语态的用法(Using thePassive)11-3 间接宾语用作被动语态的主语(Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects)11-4 情态动词与短语情态动词的被动语态(The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals)11-5 静态被动语态(Stative Passive)11-6 常见静态被动语态动词 + 介词(Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions)11-7 get 与被动语态(The Passive with get) 11-8 分词形容词(Participial Adjectives)第十二章名词性从句(Noun Clauses)12-1 概述(Introduction)12-2 以疑问词开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word)12-3以whether或if开头的名词性从句(Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if)12-4疑问词后接不定式(Ques tion Words Followed by Infinitives)12-5 以that 开头的名词性从句(NounClauses Beginning with that)12-6 直接引语(Quoted Speech)12-7 间接引语：名词性从句中动词的形式(Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses)12-8 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法(Using the Subjunctive in Noun Clauses)12-9 带有-ever的辞汇的用法(Using -ever Words)第十三章定语从句(Adjective Clauses)13- 1 概述(Introduction)13-2 定语从句的关系代词作主语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject)13-3 定语从句的关系代词作动词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb)13-4 定语从句的关系代词作介词的宾语(Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition)13-5 定语从句的经常使用句型(UsualPatterns of Adjective Clauses)13-6 whose 的用法(Using whose)13-7定语从句中where的用法(Using where in Adjective Clauses)13-8 定语从句中when的用法(Using when in Adjective Clauses)13-9 定语从句修饰代词的用法(Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns)13-10 定语从句中标点符号的利用(Punctuating Adjective Clauses) 13-11 定语从句中数量的表示方式(Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses)13-12 名词+of which 的用法(U sing Noun + of which)28613-13 which修饰整个句子的用法(Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence)28613-14 将定语从句简化为形容词短语：概述(Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction)13-15 将定语从句转变成形容词短语(Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase)第十四章动名词和不定式(一) (GerundsAnd Infinitives, Part 1)14- 1 动名词：概述(Gerunds: Introduction)14-2 动名词作介词的宾语(Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions)14-3 后面接动名词的常见介词短语(Common Preposition CombinationsFollowed by Gerunds)14-4 后面接动名词的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Gerunds)14-5 go+动名词(go + Gerund)14-6后面接动词-ing形式的固定搭配(Special Expressions Followed by -ing)14-7 后面接不定式的常见动词(CommonVerbs Followed by Infinitives)14-8 后面既可接不定式又可接动名词的常见动词(Common Verbs Followed by either Infinitives or Gerunds)14-9 后面接动名词的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed byGerunds) 14-10 后面接不定式的动词列表(Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives)14-11 it +不定式；动名词和不定式作主语(it + Infinitive; Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects) And Infinitives, Part 2)15-1 表示目的的不定式：in order to (Infinitive of Purpose: in order to)15-2 后面接不定式的形容词(Adjectives Followed by Infinitives)15-3 不定式与too和enough连用(Using Infinitives with too and enough)15-4 不定式和动名词的被动语态和完成式(Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds)15-5 need 后接动名词或不定式的被动语态形式(Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need)15-6 所有格修饰动名词(Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund)15-7 感官动词的用法(Using Verbs of Perception)15-8 let和help后接动词原形(Using the Simple Form after let and help)15-9 使役动词的用法：make, have, get(Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get)第十五章动名词和不定式(二) (Gerunds第十六章并列连词(Coordinating16-1 平行结构(Parallel Structure)16-2 成对连词：both・・・and; not only… but also; either … or; neither … nor (Using Paired Conjunctions: both . . . and; not only . . . but also; either . . . or; neither . . . nor)16- 3 用并列连词连接独立分句(Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions)第十七章状语从句(Adverb Clauses)17- 1 概述(In troduc tion)17-2 缘故状语从句(Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect)17-3表达对照(意外的结果)：even though 的用法〔Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though〕17-4 表达直接对照：while和whereas (Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas)17-5条件状语从句：if从句(Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: 17-6 条件状语从句：whether or not和even if 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if)17-7 条件状语从句：in case和in the event that 的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that)17-8 条件状语从句：unless的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless)17-9 条件状语从句：only if的用法(Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if)第十八章将状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Reduction Of Adverb Clauses To Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18- 1 概述(In troduc tion)18-2 将时刻状语从句简化为修饰性的副词短语(Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-3 用修饰性的副词短语表达“与此同时”的概念(Expressing the Idea of “During the Same Time” in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-4 用修饰性的副词短语表示因果关系(Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)18-5 在修饰性的副词短语中利用“upon + -ing” (Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases)第十九章表示因果、对照和条件关系的关联词(Connectives That Express Cause And Effect, Contrast, And Condition)19-1 because of 和due to 的用法(Using because of and due to)19-2用过渡词表示因果关系：therefore 和consequently (Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently)19-3 句型和标点符号小结(Summary ofPatterns and Punctuation)19-4其它表示因果关系的方式：such… that 和so …that (Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . . . that and so . . . that)19-5 表示目的：so that的用法(Expressing Purpose: Using so that)19-6 表示对照(意料之外的结果) 〔Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result)〕19-7 表示直接对照(Showing Direct Contrast)19-8 表示条件：otherwise 和or (else) 的用法〔Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else)〕19-9 关联词小结：因果、对照和条件关系(Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition)第二十章条件句和表达愿望的方式(Conditional Sentences And Wishes)20- 1 条件句中一样动词形式概述(Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences)20-2 此刻和以后的真实条件句(True in the Present or Future)20-3 此刻和以后的非真实条件句(与事实相反)〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future〕20-4 过去的非真实条件句 (与事实相反) 〔Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past〕20-5 在条件句中利用动词的进行时形式(Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences)20-6条件句中“混合时刻”的用法(Using“ Mixed Time ” in ConditionalSentences)42420-7 if 的省略(Omitting if)20-8 暗含的条件(Implied Cond it ions)20-9 as if / as though 的用法(Using as if/as though) 20-10 wish后面的动词形式(Verb Forms Following wish)20-11 用would 表达关于以后的希望(Using would to Make Wishes about the Future)434and Objects)A-2 介词和介词短语(Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases) A-3 形容词(Adjectives)A-4 副词(Adverbs)A-5 be 动词(The Verb be)A-6 系动词(Linking Verbs)B单元：疑问句(Questions)B-1 一样疑问句和特殊疑问句的形式(Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions)B-2 疑问词(Ques tion Words)B-3 简化的一样疑问句(Shortened Yes/No Questions)B-4 否定疑问句(Negative Questions) B-5 反意疑问句(Tag Questions)附录增补语法单元(Supplementary Grammar Units)A 单元：大体语法术语(Basic GrammarTerminology)C 单元：缩写(Contractions) D单元：否定句(Negatives)D-1 not与其它否定词的用法(Using not and Other Negative Words)A-1 主语、动词和宾语(Subjects, Verbs,D-2 幸免“重复两次否定” (Avoiding Double Negatives)D-3 以否定词开头的句子(Beginning a Sentence with a Negative Word)E 单元：介词搭配(Preposition Combinations)E 形容词和动词的介词搭配(Preposition Combinations withAdjectives and Verbs)F 单元：用来举例和延续观点的关联词(Connectives To Give Examples And To Continue An Idea)F-1 用来举例的关联词(Connectives to Give Examples)F-2 用来延续观点的关联词(Connectives to Continue the Same Idea)G 单元：动词形式的回忆练习(Verb Form Review Exercises)。
英语专四语法术语(中英对照)
英语专四语法术语名词：noun个体名词：individual noun集体名词: collective noun 物质名词：material noun 抽象名词: abstract noun 可数名词：countable noun不可数名词：uncountable noun动词：verb动态动词：dynamic verb 静态动词：stative verb 情态动词：modal verb 助动词：auxiliary非谓语动词：non-finite verbs(分词，participle; 不定式, infinitive; 动名词，gerund)数词：numeral代词：pronoun人称代词：personal pronoun物主代词：possessive pronoun反身代词：reflexive pronoun指示代词：demonstrative pronoun 关系代词：relativepronoun不定代词：indefinitepronoun形容词：adjective副词：adverb冠词：article连词：conjunction介词：preposition感叹词：interjection限定词：determiner短语：phrase不定式短语：infinitivephrase动名词短语：gerundialphrase分词短语：participialphrase主语：subject谓语：predicate主谓一致：subject-verbagreement宾语：object补语：complement定语：attribute状语：adverbial同位语：appositive主语从句：subject clause表语从句：predicativeclause宾语从句：object clause定语从句：attributiveclause先行词：antecedent限制性定语从句：restrictive attributiveclause非限制性定语从句：non-restrictiveattributive clause状语从句：adverbialclause陈述句：Declarativesentence疑问句：interrogativesentence祈使句：imperativesentence感叹句：exclamatorysentence时态(各种时态) tense语态：voice主动语态：active voice被动语态：passive voice虚拟语气：subjunctivemood反义疑问句：tag question倒装：inversion部分倒装：partialinversion省略：ellipsis。
英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法
英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和老师沟通，却不知道一些语法专有名词的英文怎么说，于是，只能用一大串英语来描述一个专有名词。
例如，同学想问形容词的用法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英文说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英文语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花'?常用英语语法术语表达语法grammar句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech<单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word派生词derivative 复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses.动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrativepronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form；限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition[真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question】特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement [宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic。
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称精编版
现在完成进行时
pastperfectcontinuoustense
过去完成进行时
voice
语态
activevoice
主动语态
passivevoice
被动语态
mood
语气
indicativemood
陈述语气
imperativemood
祈使语气
subjunctivemood
部分倒装
directspeech
直接引语
indirectspeech
间接引语
freedirectspeech
自由直接引语
freeindirectspeech
自由间接引语
agreement
一致
subject-predicateagreement
主谓一致
grammaticalagreement
语法一致
notionalagreement
subject
主语
predicate
谓语
object
宾语
dualobject
双宾语
directobject
直接宾语
indirectobject
间接宾语
complexobject
复合宾语
ject
同源宾语
complement
补语
subjectcomplement
主补
objectcomplement
虚拟语气
negation
否定
scopeofnegation
否定范围
fullnegation
全部否定
partialnegation
常见英语语法术语
英语语法术语（中英对照）语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word单纯词 simple word派生词 derivative [构词法，通过词根加减字母构成不同词性的词]复合词 compound 【简单说两个单词凑一起构成一个新词，比如hairdresser】词性 part of speech名词 noun专有名词 proper noun普通名词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不可数名词 uncountable noun 抽象名词 abstract noun具体名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary ?[??ɡ'z?l??ri] verb 情态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限定动词 finite verb非限定动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb或者dynamic verbs(动态动词)静态动词 state /stative verb感叹词 exclamation形容词 adjective原级 positive比较级 comparative最高级 superlative副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interrogative [,?nt?'rɑɡ?t?v] adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal?[r?'s?pr?k(?)l] pronoun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限定动词 finite verb form非限定动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause从属句 subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question 修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question 存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification 后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时present perfect tense过去完成时past perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone文体style结构structure层次rank正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语?spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英国英语?British English美国英语American English。
英语语法术语中英文对照
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十二、十三、词性 part of speech1.名词 noun1)专有名词 proper noun2)普通名词 common noun3)可数名词 countable noun4)不可数名词 uncountable noun5)抽象名词 abstract noun6)具体名词 concrete noun7)物质名词 material noun8)集体名词 collective noun9)个体名词 individual noun2.动词 verb1)及物动词 transitive verb2)不及物动词 intransitive verb3)系动词 link verb4)助动词 auxiliary verb5)情态动词 modal verb6)规则动词 regular verb7)不规则动词 irregular verb8)短语动词 phrasal verb9)限定动词 finite verb10)非限定动词 infinite verb11)使役动词 causative verb12)感官动词 verb of senses3.形容词 adjective4.副词 adverb1）方式副词adverb of manner2）程度副词adverb of degree3）时间副词adverb of time4）地点副词adverb of place5）修饰性副词 adjunct6）连接性副词 conjunct7）疑问副词 interrogative adverb8）关系副词 relative adverb5.代词 pronoun1）人称代词 personal pronoun2）物主代词 possessive pronouni.名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronounii.形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 3）反身代词 reflexive pronoun4）指示代词 demonstrative pronoun5）疑问代词 interrogative pronoun6）关系代词 relative pronoun7）不定代词 indefinite pronoun6.冠词 article1）定冠词 definite article2）不定冠词 indefinite article7.数词 numeral1）基数词 cardinal numeral2）序数词 ordinal numeral8.介词 preposition9.连词 conjunction10.感叹词 exclamation十四、数/格/性 number/case/gender1.数number1）单数形式 singular form2）复数形式 plural form3）规则形式 regular form4）不规则形式 irregular form2.格case1）普通格 common case2）所有格 possessive case3）主格 nominative case4）宾格 objective case3.性gender1）阴性 feminine2）阳性 masculine3）中性 neuter4）通性 common十五、句子成分 members of sentences1.主语 subject2.谓语 predicate3.表语 predicative4.宾语 object1）双宾语 dual object2）直接宾语 direct object3）间接宾语 indirect object4）复合宾语 complex object5）同源宾语 cognate object5.定语 attribute6.状语 adverbial7.同位语 appositive8.补语 complement1）主补(主语补语) subject complement2）宾补(宾语补语) object complement十六、句子sentence1.简单句 simple sentence2.复合句 complex sentence3.并列句 compound sentence4.陈述句 declarative sentence5.存在句 existential sentence6.疑问句 interrogative sentence1）一般疑问句 general question2）特殊疑问句 special question3）选择疑问句 alternative question4）反义疑问句 disjunctive question7.肯定句 positive sentence8.否定句 negative sentence9.祈使句 imperative sentence10.省略句 elliptical sentence11.感叹句 exclamatory sentence十七、语气/语态/语序 mood/voice/order 1.语气mood1）陈述语气 indicative mood2）祈使语气 imperative mood3）虚拟语气 subjunctive mood2.语态voice1）主动语态 active voice2）被动语态 passive voice3.语序 order1）自然语序 natural order2）倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装 full inversionii.部分倒装 partial inversion3）直接引语 direct speech4）间接引语 indirect speech十八、从句clause1.名词性从句 nominal clause1）主语从句subject clause2）表语从句 predicative clause3）宾语从句 object clause4）同位语从句appositive clause2.定语从句 attributive clause3.状语从句adverbial clause1）时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time2）地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place3）方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner4）让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession 5）原因状语从句 adverbial clause of cause6）结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result7）目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose8）条件状语从句 adverbial clause of conditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition 9）比较状语从句 adverbial clause of comparison十九、时态 tense1.现在时present tense1）一般现在时 present simple tense2）现在进行时 present continuous tense3）现在完成时 present perfect tense4）现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense2.过去时 past tense1）一般过去时past simple tense2）过去进行时 past continuous tense3）过去完成时 past perfect tense4）过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense3.将来时future tense1）一般将来时 future simple tense2）将来进行时 future continuous tense3）将来完成时 future perfect tense4）将来完成进行时 future perfect continuous tense4.其他1）一般过去将来时past future tense2）过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense3）过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense4）过去将来完成进行时past future perfect continuous tense。
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称
语法
syntax
句法
morphology
词法
structure
结构
rank
层次
sephrase
词组
part of speech
词类
word
单词
notional word
实词
structrural word
虚词
noun
名词
proper noun
专有名词
common noun
同位语从句
adverbial clause of time
时间状语从句
adverbial clause of place
地点状语从句
adverbial clause of manner
方式状语从句
adverbial clause of concession
让步状语从句
adverbial clause of cause
状语
syntatic relationship
句法关系
coordinate
并列
subordination
从属
modification
修饰
pre-modification
前置修饰
post-modification
后置修饰
restriction
限制
double-restriction
双重限制
non-restriction
部分倒装
direct speech
直接引语
indirect speech
间接引语
free direct speech
自由直接引语
free indirect speech
英语特殊名词-中英
Scenic Names丝绸之路The Silk Road秦始皇陵墓Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang陶制兵马俑T erracotta Warriors & Horses 故宫博物馆The Palace Museum故宫（紫禁城）Imperial Palace(Forbidden City) 颐和园The Summer Palace宫Palace殿Hall 亭、阁Pavilion楼、阁T ower水榭Pavilion on the water池塘Pond 太和殿Hall of Supreme Harmony 中和殿Hall of Central Harmony保和殿Hall of Preserved Harmony 养性殿Hall of Mental Cultivation乾清宫Palace of Heavenly Purity 宁寿宫Palace of Peace and Longevity长春宫Palace of Eternal Spring 储秀宫Palace of Preserved Elegance大观园Grand View Garden 德和园Garden of Harmonious Virtue拙政园Garden of Humble Administrator 乐寿堂Hall of Happiness and Longevity大慈悲寺T emple of Great Mercy 慈恩寺T emple of Benefaction献福寺T emple of Offering Happiness 独秀峰Peak of Unique Beauty天都峰Heavenly Capital Peak 五老峰Five Old Men Peak大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda 六和塔Pagoda of Six Harmonies爱晚亭Dusk Adoring Pavilion 陶然亭Leisure Joy Pavilion万佛洞Cave of 10,000 Buddhist Figures 紫云洞Purple Cloud Cave龙隐洞Hidden Dragon Cave 烟霞洞Cave of Morning Mist and Sunset Glow Chinese Dishes北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 香酥鸡Crispy Fried Chicken醋溜子鸡Fried Spring Chicken with Vinegar Sauce糖醋黄鱼Sweet and Sour Y ellow Croaker清蒸鲑鱼Steamed Mandarin Fish(T rout)清炖甲鱼Braised T urtle in Clear Soup茄汁鱼丸Fried Fish Balls with T omato Sauce 青椒肉片Fried Sliced Pork and Green Pepper鱼香肉丝Fish-flavored Shredded Pork in Hot Sauce 鲜菇大虾Fried Prawns with Fresh Mushrooms 荷叶粉蒸肉Steamed Flour-coated Pork Wrapped in Lotus leaves煨牛肉Simmered Beef涮羊肉Instant Boiled Mutton五香牛肉Spiced Beef葫芦鸡Roasted Whole Chicken红烧狮子头Stewed Meatballs with Gravy松鼠黄鱼Sweet and Sour Fried Y ellow Croaker in Squirrel Shape芙蓉虾仁Shrimp with Steamed Egg White麻婆豆腐Spicy Bean-curd in Sichuan Style 八宝糕Eight-treasure Pudding什锦炒饭Fried Rice with T en Ingredients炸酱面Noodles in Beijing Style扬州炒饭Fried Rice in Y angzhou Style凉面Cold Noodle with Sesame Sauce饺子Dumpling元宵Sweet Dumpling 馄饨Dumpling Soup油条Deep Fried Dough S ticks 花卷Steam Roll锅贴Fried Dumpling 包子Steamed Stuffed Bun窝窝头Steamed Corn Bread 烧饼Sesame Seed CakeInternational OrganizationsUN 联合国NATO 北大西洋公约组织EU 欧盟APEC 亚太经贸合作组织CIS 独联体OPEC 欧佩克石油输出国家组织Western European CountriesSwitzerland 瑞士Netherlands 荷兰Monaco 摩纳哥United Kingdoms 英国Belgium 比利时Eastern EuropeanSerbia 塞尔维亚Poland 波兰Montenegro 黑山共和国Belarus 白俄罗斯Czech Republic 捷克Lithuania立陶宛African CountriesMozambique 莫桑比克Cameroon喀麦隆Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚Rwanda卢旺达Mauritius 毛里求斯Somalia 索马里Asian CountriesKorea 韩国Myanmar缅甸Bangladesh 孟加拉Nepal尼泊尔Bhutan 不丹Indonesia 印尼Mid-Eastern CountriesAfghanistan 阿富汗Iran 伊朗Lebanon 黎巴嫩Pakistan 巴基斯坦Qatar 卡塔尔Singapore 新加坡Latin American CountriesBolivia 玻利维亚Chile 智利Cuba 古巴Honduras 洪都拉斯Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜Peru 秘鲁World’s Major Cities旧金山San Francisco 西雅图Seattle 纽奥良New Orleans 匹兹堡Pittsburgh 底特律Detroit 巴蒂摩尔Baltimore 克利夫兰Cleveland 墨西哥市Mexico City 里约热内卢Rio de Janeiro 渥太华Ottawa 温哥华Vancouver 悉尼Sydney 开罗Cairo 开普敦Cape town 雅典Athens 贝尔格莱德Belgrade 布达佩斯Budapest 布拉格Prague 维也纳Vienna 日内瓦Geneva 里斯本Lisbon 马德里Madrid 米兰Milan 马赛Marseille 巴黎Paris 利物浦Liverpool 爱丁堡Edinburgh 布鲁塞尔Brussels 海牙Hague 华沙Warsaw 汉堡Hamburg 波恩Bonn 莫斯科Moscow 列宁格勒Leningrad 安哥拉Ankara 耶路撒冷Jerusalem 麦加Mecca 加尔各答Calcutta 新德里New Delhi 孟买Bombay 雅加达Djakarta 仰光Rangoon 西贡Saigon 河内Hanoi 海防Haiphong 曼谷Bangkok 东京T okyo 横滨Y okohama 大阪Osaka 神户Kobe 札幌Sapporo 名古屋Nagoya 京都Kyoto 汉城（首尔）Seoul 平壤Pyongyang 澳门Macao 拉萨Lhasa 齐齐哈尔Qiqihar 呼和浩特Hohhot(Huhehot)DiseasesAnemia, anaemia贫血appendicitis阑尾炎arthritis关节炎bronchitis支气管炎chicken pox 水痘diabetes糖尿病diphtheria白喉eczema湿疹epilepsy癫痫gangrene坏疽German measles, rubella风疹leukemia白血病measles麻疹migraine headache偏头痛myocardial infarction心肌梗塞mump s流行性腮腺炎neurasthenia神经衰弱pharyngitis咽炎rabies狂犬病rheumatism风湿病scabies, itch疥疮scarlet fever猩红热sciatica坐骨神经痛sclerosis硬化syphilis梅毒tetanus破伤风thrombosis血栓形成tuberculosis结核病typhus斑疹伤寒whooping cough百日咳prostate cancer前列腺癌ulcer溃疡venereal disease性病stroke中风osteoporosis骨质疏松症astigmatism散光•十几个= Over a dozen 几十个= T ens, Dozens of 几万个= T ens of thousands•几十万= Hundreds of thousands 几千万= T ens of millions 几万万= Hundreds of millions•几亿万= Billions and billions• A is N times as large as B = A是 B 的N 倍• A is N times larger than B = A比 B 大N-1 倍• A has increased by N times = A增长了N-1 倍•Examples:•人口增加了一倍半= Increased by 2.5 times•人口增加了一倍半= Net increased of 1.5 times中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC全国人民代表大会National People's Congress全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC国务院总理Premier, State Council 国务委员State Councilor （国务院各部）部长Minster司长Director 局长director 省长Governor 常务副省长Executive Vice Governor (副)市长(vice)mayor区长Chief Executive, District Govt 县长Chief Executive, Country Govt 乡镇长CE，T ownship Govt秘书长secretary-general 办公厅主任director, general office (部委办)Director 处长Division Chief科长Section Chief 科员clerk/officer国务院 State Council 总理Premier 副总理 Vice—Premier 国务委员 State Councillor秘书长 Secretary—General 副秘书长Deputy Secretary—General(1) 国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the S tate Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and T rade Commission教育部Ministry of Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and T echnology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, T echnology and Industry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of S tate Security监察部 Ministry of Supervision民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部 Ministry of Justice财政部 Ministry of Finance 人事部 Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部 Ministry of Railways 交通部 Ministry of Communications信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign T rade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China 国家审计署State Auditing Administration部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal T rade国家煤炭工业局 S tate Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of T extile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State T obacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the S tate Economic and T rade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部)State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部)State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部)State Administration of T raditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health) 国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the P eople’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)State Administration for EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administ ration of Customs)各部（委、办、局）内职务名称 Positions Of Departments，Offices，Bureaux Of Ministries ／Commjssions办公厅主任 Director—General Of The General Office 副主任 DeputyDirector—General局长 Director—General Of A Bureau 副局长 Deputy Director—General厅长 Director—General Of A Department 副厅长 Deputy Director—General司长Director—General Of A Department副司长 Deputy Director—General处长Director Of A Division 副处长 Deputy Director科长Section Chief 副科长 Deputy Section Chief主任科员 Principal Staff Member 副主任科员Senior Staff Member巡视员 Counsel 助理巡视员Assistant Counsel调研员 Consultant 助理调研员Asstant Consultant科员Staff Member 办事员 Clerk1国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State T axation Administration 国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and T elevision国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局S tate Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局S tate Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and T echnical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National T ourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the S tate Council一最高人民法院Supreme People’S Cout院长 President 副院长Vice—President审判委员会委员 Member Of The Judicial Committee 审判员Judge助理审判员 Assistant Judge 书记员 Clerk 监狱长Warden总警监Commissioner General警监Commissioner警督Supervisor警司Superintendent警员Constable二、最高人民检察院Supreme People’S Procuratorate检察长Procurator—General副检察长 Deputy Procurator—General 检察委员会委员 Member Of The Procuratorial Committee 检察员 Procurator 助理检察员Assistant Procurator中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委员 Member, Central Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member …省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group 中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People's Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People's Congress 秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member （地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People's Congress人大代表 Deputy to the People's Congress 国务院总理 Premier, State Council国务委员 State Councilor 秘书长 Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for （国务院各部）部长 Minister 部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长 Governor 常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People's Government地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture 香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor 区长 Chief Executive, District Government 县长 Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长 Chief Executive, T ownship Government 秘书长 Secretary-General办公厅主任 Director, General Office （部委办）主任 Director处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief 科长/股长 Section Chief 科员 Clerk/Officer 发言人 Spokesman 顾问 Adviser 参事 Counselor 巡视员 Inspector/Monitor 特派员 Commissioner1中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee Of The Chinese People’S Political Con-Sultative Conference（CPPCC）主席Chairman 副主席 Vice—Chairman 秘书长 Secretary—General常务委员 Member Of The Standing Committee 政协全国委员会…委员会mittee Of The National Committee Of The CPPCC 主任委员Chairman 副主任委员 Vice—Chairman 委员 Member2《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, T aiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称
英语语法专有名词中英对应名称英语语法专有名词中英对应名称英语语法专有名词中英对应名称英语语法专有名词中英对应名称英语语法专有名词中英对应名称语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech单词word实词notional word虚词structrural word名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret moun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possesive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun物主代词possecive pronoun名词性物主代词nominal possesive prnoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possesive pronoun 冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition 含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentwence否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence基本句型basic sentence patern句子成分members of sentences主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntatic relationship并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification限制restriction双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood虚拟语气subjunctive mood否定negation否定范围scope of negation全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic。
50个常用英语语法结构术语中英文对照
50个常用英语语法结构术语中英文对照1. Noun (名词) - It's like the building blocks of a sentence. For example, “Dog” is a noun. I saw a dog in the park yesterday.2. Verb (动词) - This is the action part. It's the engine that makes the sentence move. Like “run”. She run s ever y morning to keep fit.3. Adjective (形容词) - It's the spice that flavors the noun. For instance, “beautiful”. That beautiful flower caught my eye.4. Adverb (副词) - It modifies the verb, like a sidekick. “Quickly” is an adverb. He ran quickly to catch the bu s.5. Pronoun (代词) - It stands in for a noun. It's like a substitute player. “He” is a pronoun. He is my friend.6. Preposition (介词) - It shows the relationship between things. It's like a bridge. “On” is a preposition. The book is on the table.7. Conjunction (连词) - It connects words or phrases. It's like a glue. “And” is a conjunction. I like apples and bananas.8. Interjection (感叹词) - It shows sudden feelings. It's like an outburst. “Wow!” is an interjection. Wow! What a great view!9. Subject (主语) - It's the star of the sentence. It's like the leadactor. “Tom” is the subject in “Tom is reading a book.”10. Predicate (谓语) - It tells what the subject does. It's like the script for the lead actor. In “Tom is reading a book.”, “is readinga book” is the pre dicate.11. Gerund (动名词) - It's a verb acting like a noun. It's like a shape - shifter. “Swimming” is a gerund. Swimming is good exercise.12. Infinitive (不定式) - It has a “to” before the verb. It's like a goal - setter. “To run” is an infinitive. I want to run a marathon.13. Plural (复数) - More than one. It's like a group. “Cats” is the plural of “cat”. There are many cats in the alley.14. Singular (单数) - Just one. It's like a solo. “Cat” is a singular noun. A cat is sleeping on the mat.15. Tense (时态) - It shows when the action happens. It's like a time - traveler. “I walked” (past tense). I walked to school yesterday.16. Present Simple (一般现在时) - It's for regular things. It's likea daily routine. He plays football every week.17. Past Simple (一般过去时) - For things that already happened.It's like a memory. She visited Paris last year.18. Future Simple (一般将来时) - For things that will happen. It's like a prediction. I will go to the concert tomorrow.19. Present Continuous (现在进行时) - An action that is happening right now. It's like a live show. He is reading a book at the moment.20. Past Continuous (过去进行时) - An action that was happening in the past. It's like a flashback. She was cooking when I arrived.21. Future Continuous (将来进行时) - An action that will be happening in the future. It's like a peek into the future. They will be flying to London this time tomorrow.22. Present Perfect (现在完成时) - Connects the past and the present. It's like a bridge between times. I have eaten breakfast already.23. Past Perfect (过去完成时) - An action that was completed before another past action. It's like a double memory. She had left before I got there.24. Future Perfect (将来完成时) - An action that will becompleted before a certain time in the future. It's like a future - focused memory. By next year, I will have graduated from college.25. Active Voice (主动语态) - The subject does the action. It's like the hero taking the lead. Tom painted the wall.26. Passive Voice (被动语态) - The subject receives the action. It's like the hero being pushed into the background. The wall was painted by Tom.27. Direct Object (直接宾语) - It receives the action of the verb directly. It's like a gift receiver. I gave her a bo ok. “book” is the direct object.28. Indirect Object (间接宾语) - It's like the middleman. In “I gave her a book.”, “her” is the indirect object.29. Clause (从句) - It's like a mini - sentence within a sentence. “When I grow up” is a clause. When I grow up, I w ant to be a doctor.30. Main Clause (主句) - It's the big boss of the sentence. In “When I grow up, I want to be a doctor.”, “I want to be a doctor” is the main clause.31. Subordinate Clause (从属从句) - It depends on the mainclause. It's like a sidekick to the main clause. In the previous example, “When I grow up” is the subordinate clause.32. Relative Clause (关系从句) - It gives more information abouta noun. It's like a detective uncovering details. The man who is wearing a hat is my uncle.33. Definite Article (定冠词) - “The” - It's like a spotlight on a specific thing. The book on the table is mine.34. Indefinite Article (不定冠词) - “A” or “An” - It's like a general pointer. A dog ran across the road.35. Comparative (比较级) - Comparing two things. It's like a race. My car is faster than yours.36. Superlative (最高级) - The top of the comparison. It's like a winner's crown. This is the tallest building in the city.37. Phrase (短语) - A group of words without a subject - predicate. It's like a team without a leader. “in the park” is a phrase.38. Idiom (习语) - A group of words with a special meaning. It's like a secret code. “Break a leg” means good luck.39. Ellipsis (省略) - Leaving out words. It's like skipping steps.“He is taller than I (am)”.40. Parenthesis (插入语) - Extra information in the middle. It's like a side note. My friend, you know, is really smart.41. Capitalization (大写) - Making the first letter big. It's like giving a word a special hat. “London” starts with a capital letter.42. Punctuation (标点符号) - It's like the traffic signs in a sentence. A comma, like “,”, can make a difference in meaning.43. Possessive (所有格) - Showing ownership. It's like a label. “John's book” shows that the book belongs to John.44. Reflexive Pronoun (反身代词) - It refers back to the subject. It's like a self - mirror. He hurt himself while playing.45. Reciprocal Pronoun (相互代词) - For two - way actions. It's like a handshake. They love each other.46. Demonstrative Pronoun (指示代词) - Pointing out things. It's like a finger. This is my house.47. Intensive Pronoun (强调代词) - For emphasis. It's like a loudspeaker. I myself will do it.48. Antecedent (先行词) - The word that a pronoun refers to. It's like a target. In “John lost his book. He was sad.”, “John” is theantecedent of “he”.49. Complement (补语) - Completes the meaning. It's like the missing piece. She is happy (happy is the complement).50. Object Complement (宾语补足语) - Completes the object. It's like the extra topping on a pizza. We made the room clean (clean is the object complement).Learning these English grammar structure terms is really important. They are like the keys to unlock the magic of the English language. If you don't know them, it's like trying to build a house without tools. So, start learning them and have fun with the English language!。
英语专业-语法专业名词(英语)中英对照
主语subject谓语predicate谓语动词predicate verb predicator 联系动词linking word及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb宾语object定语attributive状语adverbial补语complement主语补足语subject complement宾语补足语object complement同位语appositive表语predicative名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun个体名词individual noun集体名词collective noun物质名词mass noun material noun 抽象名词abstract noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词Non countable noun所指意义referential meaning复杂名词词组complex noun phrase7.1数number单数singular number复述plural number规则复数regular plural不规则复数irregular plural单位词partitive unit noun7.2名词属格Genitive possessive case通格common case词序word order-‘s apostophe s限定词determiner前置修饰语premodifier中位限定词central determine独立属格independent genitive双重属格double genitive8.1限定词限定词；Determiner特指：specific reference类指：generic reference确定数量Definite quantity非确定数量indefinite quantity所指意义；referential meaning限定词类别冠词；定冠词（definite article）不定冠词(indefinite article) 零冠词（zero article）物主限定词possessive determiner名词属格（Genitive Noun）指示限定词（demonstrative determiner）关系限定词（relative determiner）疑问限定词（interrogative determiner）不定限定词（indefinite determiner）基数词（cardinal numeral）序数词（ordinal numeral）倍数词（multiplicative numeral）分数词（Fractional numeral）量词（quantifier）中位限定词central determiner前位限定词predeterminer后位限定词（postdeterminer）确定特指：definite specific reference后照应特指（Anaphoric specific reference ）前照应特指cataphoric specific reference语境特指situation reference。
英语语法术语中英文对照
英语语法术语中英文对照词性parｔｏfspeecｈ1.名词ｎouｎ1)专有名词proｐernoun2)普通名词coｍmonnｏun3)可数名词coｕｎtabｌenouｎ4)不可数名词uｎｃountaｂｌenoun5)抽象名词abstrａｃtnoun6)具体名词cｏnｃretenｏun7)物质名词mａtｅrｉalnoｕn8)集体名词coｌlectiｖenoun9)个体名词inｄiviｄuaｌnoｕｎ2.动词veｒb1)及物动词tranｓｉtivｅverb2)不及物动词ｉnｔrａnsｉtiveverb3)限定动词finiｔevｅrｂｆｏrm4)非限定动词non-finiｔevｅrbｆorm5)主动词maiｎverb6)系动词liｎkverb7)助动词auxiliaryveｒb8)情态动词ｍoｄalｖｅrｂ9)规则动词regularverb10)不规则动词ｉrreguｌａrveｒb11)短语动词phrasalｖerb12)限定动词fiｎiｔｅverb13)非限定动词iｎfinitｅveｒｂ14)使役动词cauｓａtｉvｅverｂ15)感官动词vｅrboｆseｎses16)动态动词eveｎｔveｒｂ17)静态动词ｓtageveｒｂ3.形容词adjeｃtｉve4.副词ａdｖerb1)方式副词adｖerbｏfmanner2)程度副词ａdｖeｒｂoｆdegrｅe3)时间副词adverboｆｔｉｍe4)地点副词adｖeｒｂoｆpｌａce5)修饰性副词ａdｊuｎｃt6)连接性副词coｎjunct7)疑问副词ｉnterｒogａtｉvｅadｖerｂ8)关系副词reｌativeadverb5.代词pronouｎ1)人称代词peｒｓoｎaｌpronoun2)物主代词posｓｅssivｅｐｒonoｕn3)名词性物主代词ｎomｉｎalpossｅssiｖepronｏuｎ4)形容词性物主代词adjectiｖａｌpossｅssivepronoun5)反身代词reｆｌexiｖeｐroｎｏuｎ6)指示代词dｅmonsｔraｔivｅpronoun7)疑问代词intｅrrｏgａtivepronoｕn8)关系代词ｒelaｔiｖepronoun9)不定代词ｉｎdefiｎitepronoun6.冠词arｔicle1)定冠词defiｎiｔeaｒticｌe2)不定冠词iｎdefinitｅａrtｉcｌe7.数词numeｒal1)基数词cａｒｄiｎａｌnｕmerａｌ2)序数词orｄｉｎａｌnuｍeral8.介词ｐｒepositiｏn9.连词ｃonjuｎｃｔion10.感叹词ｅｘclaｍａtion 一、数/格/性number／caｓe/gｅnder1.数ｎｕmbｅr1)单数形式singularform2)复数形式plｕrａlfoｒm3)规则形式rｅgularfｏrｍ4)不规则形式irregulaｒfoｒｍ2.格case1)普通格moｎcase2)所有格possessivecaｓe3)主格ｎｏminａｔｉｖecａsｅ4)宾格objectivecasｅ3.性gender1)阴性femｉnｉnｅ2)阳性ｍasculｉne3)中性nｅｕｔer4)通性mon4.人称persoｎ1)第一人称firｓtpｅrsｏn2)第二人称secoｎdpersoｎ3)第三人称tｈｉrdpersｏn二、句子成分membe ｒｓofｓentｅｎces1.主语subｊect2.谓语ｐｒedｉcate3.表语predicatｉvｅ4.宾语objecｔ1)双宾语dualoｂject2)直接宾语dir ｅctobｊect3)间接宾语indｉreｃtoｂｊect4)复合宾语ｃomｐlexobject5)同源宾语coｇnateｏbｊect5.定语aｔtribuｔe6.状语adｖerbial7.同位语ａpposｉtivｅ8.补语coｍpｌｅｍｅｎt1)主语补足语suｂjectcｏmｐleｍent2)宾语补足语objectplｅment三、句子sentence(基本句型basicseｎtencepａttern)1.简单句ｓimpｌesｅnｔｅｎｃｅ2.并列句cｏmpoｕndｓentence3.复合句ｐｌexseｎtenｃe4.并列复合句cｏmpoundcoｍplexsentｅnｃe5.陈述句declａrativeｓeｎｔenｃe6.存在句eｘistentialｓentence7.疑问句ｉｎtｅrrogａtivｅsentencｅ1)一般疑问句genｅralｑuesｔｉon2)特殊疑问句sｐｅｃｉａlｑuｅsｔion3)选择疑问句alternatiｖequesｔioｎ4)反义疑问句diｓjuｎcｔivequestiｏn5)附加疑问句taｇquｅｓtｉon6)修辞疑问句ｒhetoriｃalquestion7)感叹疑问句ｅxclamatｏrｙqueｓtｉon8.肯定句ｐoｓitivｅsent ｅnce9.否定句neｇaｔiｖeｓｅntenｃe10.祈使句imperａtiｖesｅｎｔｅnｃe11.省略句ellipｔｉcalsentence12.感叹句exclamａtｏryｓｅntenｃe四、语气/语态/语序mood/vｏice/order1.语气ｍooｄ1)陈述语气iｎdicａtivｅm ｏod2)祈使语气imｐerativeｍｏoｄ3)虚拟语气sｕbjuncｔｉvｅmood2.语态v ｏｉｃｅ1)主动语态acｔivevoice2)被动语态passｉvevoｉce3.否定negation1)否定范围ｓｃｏｐeｏfnegatｉon2)全部否定ｆulｌnｅgａtioｎ3)局部否定partｉａlnｅｇatiｏn4)转移否定shiftofｎegatioｎ4.语序orｄer1)自然语序ｎaｔuｒalordeｒ2)倒装语序ｉnverｓiｏni.全部倒装fullinvｅrs ｉoｎii.部分倒装pａrｔialinｖersion3)直接引语directｓpeech4)间接引语iｎdirectspeech5)自由直接引语freeｄｉｒectspｅｅch6)自由间接引语fｒeeinｄｉrectｓpeecｈ5.一致agreemｅnｔ1)主谓一致suｂjｅｃt-pｒedicaｔeagreement2)语法一致ｇrammatｉｃalagrｅeｍeｎt3)概念一致ｎotionalagreeｍｅnt4)就近原则prinｃiplｅoｆpｒoｘiｍity5)强调eｍｐｈａsｉs6)重复repetition6.语音proｎunｃiａtioｎ1)语调tone2)声调risin ｇtｏne3)降调faｌlinｇｔonｅ4)升降调ｆａllinｇ—risingtone7.文本style1)正式文本foｒmaｌ2)非正式文本iｎｆｏｒmal3)口语sｐoken/ｏralE ｎgｌｉsｈ4)套语fｏrmulｉsticexpｒｅssｉｏn5)英国英语BritｉshEｎgｌish6)美国英语ＡmｅricanEnglish8.用法usagｅ1)感情色彩ｅmoｔiｏnalcoｌoｒing2)褒义ｃommｅnｄaｔorｙ3)贬义dｅrｏｇatory4)幽默huｍoｒous5)讽刺saｒcａstｉc6)挖苦irｏnｉｃ7)词性partofspｅeｃh8)语法ｇｒammａｒ9)句法synｔax10)词法morph ｏloｇy11)结构stｒuｃｔure12)层次raｎk13)句子ｓenteｎce14)从句clａｕse15)词组phrase9.词类partofspeｅｃｈ1)单词wｏrd2)实词notioｎａlwｏrd3)虚词stｒucｔｕｒalworｄ4)单纯词ｓｉmpｌeworｄ5)派生词derｉvativ ｅ6)复合词ｐｏund10.句法关系syntactiｃrelatiｏnship1)并列cｏorｄina ｔe2)从属sｕbordinａtioｎ3)修饰ｍoｄifiｃａtiｏｎ4)前置修饰pre—moｄifｉｃation5)后置修饰pｏst－ｍodifｉcation6)限制restricｔion7)双重限制douｂle—restriction8)非限制noｎ—ｒｅｓtrｉcｔion五、从句clａuse1.从属句ｓｕｂordｉnatecｌａｕsｅ2.并列句cｏｏrdｉnateclause3.名词性从句nomiｎaｌclause1)主语从句sｕbｊectclaｕse2)表语从句ｐredicatｉveclauｓe3)宾语从句oｂjecｔclaｕse4)同位语从句aｐpositivｅclause4.定语从句attribuｔiｖeclaｕｓe5.宾语从句objectｃlａuse6.主语从句suｂｊectcｌause7.同位语从句appositｉveclause8.状语从句adveｒbialcｌaｕse1)时间状语从句adｖerbialclaｕseｏftiｍｅ2)地点状语从句adｖerbiａlｃｌauseoｆplaｃe3)方式状语从句ａｄｖerbｉａlclaｕseofmanner4)让步状语从句ａｄverbiaｌclauｓeofcｏncesｓiｏn5)原因状语从句adverbiaｌｃlａｕseoｆcauｓe6)结果状语从句adverbiａｌｃlａuｓeｏfresｕlt7)目得状语从句ａdｖｅrｂialclausｅofpuｒpose8)条件状语从句aｄvｅｒbiａｌclauseｏfcondｉtiｏｎi.真实条件状语从句ａdverｂiａｌclaｕｓｅofrealcｏnｄｉtionii.非真实条件状语从句ａdverbiａlclaｕsｅofuｎrealcｏnditｉoｎiii.含蓄条件句advｅrbiaｌｃlaｕseofimｐliedcondｉtｉｏniv.错综条件句adverbiａｌcｌａuseofmixeｄconditｉon9)比较状语从句aｄverbiaｌｃｌaｕsｅｏｆcｏmpaｒisｏｎ六、时态tense1.现在时prｅsｅnｔtｅnｓｅ1)一般现在时presenｔsimpletense2)现在进行时prｅsenｔcｏntinuousｔenｓe3)现在完成时presentpｅrｆectteｎｓｅ4)现在完成进行时pｒｅｓｅntpｅrｆeｃtcｏntinuoustense2.过去时pasttense1)一般过去时pastｓimpleｔenｓｅ2)过去进行时pａstcontｉｎuousｔense3)过去完成时ｐasｔｐeｒfecttｅnsｅ4)过去完成进行时ｐastperfｅcｔｃｏｎtinuousｔeｎsｅ3.将来时futｕreｔen ｓe1)一般将来时ｆutｕresimpｌetenｓe2)将来进行时futｕreｃoｎtinｕousｔense3)将来完成时futｕrepｅｒfｅcｔｔeｎse4)将来完成进行时fｕtｕrｅperfectcｏntinuousteｎse4.其她1)一般过去将来时pastfutｕreｔeｎse2)过去将来进行时pasｔfｕturecontｉnuoｕｓtｅnｓe3)过去将来完成时pasｔf ｕtureperｆecｔｔenｓe4)过去将来完成进行时paｓtｆutｕrepeｒfectcoｎｔiｎuoustenｓe。
英语语法术语中英文对照
词性part of speech1.名词noun1)专有名词proper noun2)普通名词common noun3)可数名词countable noun4)不可数名词uncountable noun5)抽象名词abstract noun6)具体名词concrete noun7)物质名词material noun8)集体名词collective noun9)个体名词individual noun2.动词verb1)及物动词transitive verb2)不及物动词intransitive verb3)限定动词finite verb form4)非限定动词non-finite verb form5)主动词main verb6)系动词link verb7)助动词auxiliary verb8)情态动词modal verb9)规则动词regular verb10)不规则动词irregular verb11)短语动词phrasal verb12)限定动词finite verb13)非限定动词infinite verb14)使役动词causative verb15)感官动词verb of senses16)动态动词event verb17)静态动词stage verb3.形容词adjective4.副词adverb1)方式副词adverb of manner2)程度副词adverb of degree3)时间副词adverb of time4)地点副词adverb of place5)修饰性副词adjunct6)连接性副词conjunct7)疑问副词interrogative adverb8)关系副词relative adverb5.代词pronoun1)人称代词personal pronoun2)物主代词possessive pronoun3)名词性物主代词nominal possessivepronoun4)形容词性物主代词adjectival possessivepronoun5)反身代词reflexive pronoun6)指示代词demonstrative pronoun7)疑问代词interrogative pronoun8)关系代词relative pronoun9)不定代词indefinite pronoun6.冠词article1)定冠词definite article2)不定冠词indefinite article7.数词numeral1)基数词cardinal numeral2)序数词ordinal numeral8.介词preposition9.连词conjunction10.感叹词exclamation一、数/格/性number/case/gender1.数number1)单数形式singular form2)复数形式plural form3)规则形式regular form4)不规则形式irregular form 2.格case1)普通格common case2)所有格possessive case3)主格nominative case4)宾格objective case 3.性gender1)阴性feminine2)阳性masculine3)中性neuter4)通性common4.人称person1)第一人称first person2)第二人称second person3)第三人称third person二、句子成分members of sentences1.主语subject2.谓语predicate3.表语predicative4.宾语object1)双宾语dual object2)直接宾语direct object3)间接宾语indirect object4)复合宾语complex object5)同源宾语cognate object 5.定语attribute6.状语adverbial7.同位语appositive8.补语complement1)主语补足语subject complement2)宾语补足语object complement三、句子sentence （基本句型basic sentence pattern）1.简单句simple sentence2.并列句compound sentence3.复合句complex sentence4.并列复合句compound complexsentence5.陈述句declarative sentence6.存在句existential sentence7.疑问句interrogative sentence1)一般疑问句general question2)特殊疑问句special question 3)选择疑问句alternative question4)反义疑问句disjunctive question5)附加疑问句tag question6)修辞疑问句rhetorical question7)感叹疑问句exclamatory question8.肯定句positive sentence9.否定句negative sentence10.祈使句imperative sentence11.省略句elliptical sentence12.感叹句exclamatory sentence四、语气/语态/语序mood/voice/order1.语气mood1)陈述语气indicative mood2)祈使语气imperative mood3)虚拟语气subjunctive mood2.语态voice1)主动语态active voice2)被动语态passive voice3.否定negation1)否定范围scope of negation2)全部否定full negation3)局部否定partial negation4)转移否定shift of negation4.语序order1)自然语序natural order2)倒装语序inversioni.全部倒装full inversionii.部分倒装partial inversion3)直接引语direct speech4)间接引语indirect speech5)自由直接引语free direct speech6)自由间接引语free indirect speech 5.一致agreement1)主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 2)语法一致grammatical agreement3)概念一致notional agreement4)就近原则principle of proximity5)强调emphasis6)重复repetition6.语音pronunciation1)语调tone2)声调rising tone3)降调falling tone4)升降调falling-rising tone7.文本style1)正式文本formal2)非正式文本informal3)口语spoken/oral English4)套语formulistic expression5)英国英语British English6)美国英语American English8.用法usage1)感情色彩emotional coloring2)褒义commendatory3)贬义derogatory4)幽默humorous5)讽刺sarcastic6)挖苦ironic7)词性part of speech8)语法grammar9)句法syntax10)词法morphology11)结构structure12)层次rank13)句子sentence14)从句clause15)词组phrase9.词类part of speech1)单词word2)实词notional word 3)虚词structural word4)单纯词simple word5)派生词derivative6)复合词compound10.句法关系syntactic relationship1)并列coordinate2)从属subordination3)修饰modification4)前置修饰pre-modification5)后置修饰post-modification6)限制restriction7)双重限制double-restriction8)非限制non-restriction五、从句clause1.从属句subordinate clause2.并列句coordinate clause3.名词性从句nominal clause1)主语从句subject clause2)表语从句predicative clause3)宾语从句object clause4)同位语从句appositive clause4.定语从句attributive clause5.宾语从句object clause6.主语从句subject clause7.同位语从句appositive clause8.状语从句adverbial clause1)时间状语从句adverbial clause of time2)地点状语从句adverbial clause of place3)方式状语从句adverbial clause ofmanner4)让步状语从句adverbial clause ofconcession5)原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause6)结果状语从句adverbial clause of result7)目的状语从句adverbial clause ofpurpose8)条件状语从句adverbial clause ofconditioni.真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of real conditionii.非真实条件状语从句adverbialclause of unreal conditioniii.含蓄条件句adverbial clause ofimplied conditioniv.错综条件句adverbial clause ofmixed condition9)比较状语从句adverbial clause ofcomparison六、时态tense1.现在时present tense1)一般现在时present simple tense2)现在进行时present continuous tense3)现在完成时present perfect tense4)现在完成进行时present perfectcontinuous tense2.过去时past tense1)一般过去时past simple tense2)过去进行时past continuous tense3)过去完成时past perfect tense 4)过去完成进行时past perfect continuoustense3.将来时future tense1)一般将来时future simple tense2)将来进行时future continuous tense3)将来完成时future perfect tense4)将来完成进行时future perfectcontinuous tense4.其他1)一般过去将来时past future tense2)过去将来进行时past future continuoustense3)过去将来完成时past future perfecttense4)过去将来完成进行时past future perfectcontinuous tense。
[整理]英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法
![[整理]英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/ab0b19ee9f3143323968011ca300a6c30c22f1c3.png)
英语语法专有名词中英文对照说法最近有同学反应，上外教课时，有些语法问题要和老师沟通，却不知道一些语法专有名词的英文怎么说，于是，只能用一大串英语来描述一个专有名词。
例如，同学想问形容词的用法时，不会“形容词” 的英语说法，只好把问题这么描述:：“What are the rules of the words that are used to describe a person or thing?”其实，the words that are used to describe a person or thing 指的就是形容词, 形容词的英文说法是“adjective”. 有鉴于此，现在把英文语法的专有名词说法，整理如下，同学花个几分钟的时间把他们记起来，下次再想问外教语法问题时，就不用那么麻烦啰！中文英文全称及缩写中文英文全称及缩写名词Noun (n.) 时态Tense代词Pronoun (pron.) 一般式Simple tense形容词Adjective (adj./a.) 进行式Progressive tense动词V erb (v.) 完成式Perfect tense数词Numeral (num.) 完成进行式Perfect Progressive tense副词Adverb (adv./ad.) 现在时Present tense冠词Article (atr.) 过去时Past tense介词Preposition (prep.) 将来时Future tense连词Conjunction (conj.) 过去将来时Past future tense感叹词Interjection (interj.) 标点符号Punctuation Mark词法Morphology 句号(.) Period (full stop)句法Syntax 问号(?) Question mark 句子成分Members of the惊叹号(!) Exclamation markSentence主语Subject 逗号(,) Comma谓语Predicate 分号(;) Semicolon表语Predicative 冒号(:) Colon宾语Object 引号(“”,‟‟)Quotation marks补语Complement 破折号(-) Dash定语Attributive 省略号(…)Dots (ellipsis)状语Adverbial 括号( ) Parentheses (brackets) 同位语Appositive 斜号(/) Slash短语Phrase 顿号(、) Slight-pause mark 从句Clause 缩写号(…)Apostrophe常用英语语法术语表达语法grammar句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word派生词derivative 复合词compound词性part of speech名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun介词preposition 连词conjunction 数词numeral 基数词cardinal序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause 并列句coordinate clause 名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause 状语从句adverbial clause 宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause 同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner 让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession 原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause 结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose 条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence 并列句compound sentence 复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence 陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence 一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question 选择疑问句alternative question附加疑问句tag question 反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence 肯定句positive sentence 基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence 祈使句imperative sentence 省略句elliptical sentence 感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences主语subject 谓语predicate 宾语object 双宾语dual object直接宾语direct object 间接宾语indirect object 复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object 补语complement 主补subject complement宾补object complement 表语predicative 定语attribute 同位语appositive 状语adverbial 句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination 修饰modification 前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction 双重限制double-restriction非限制non-restriction 数number 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 规则形式regular form 不规则形式irregular form 格case 普通格common case 所有格possessive case 主格nominative case 宾格objective case 性gender 阳性masculine 阴性feminine 通性common 中性neuter 人称person 第一人称first person 第二人称second person 第三人称third person 时态tense 过去将来时past future tense 过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense 一般现在时present simple tense一般过去时past simple tense 一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense 过去完成时present perfect tense将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense 将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense 现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense 语态voice 主动语态active voice被动语态passive voice 语气mood 陈述语气indicative mood祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation 局部否定partial negation转移否定shift of negation 语序order 自然语序natural order 倒装语序inversion 全部倒装full inversion 部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech 一致agreement 主谓一致subject-predicate agreement 语法一致grammatical agreement 概念一致notional agreement 就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition 语音pronunciation 语调tone 升调rising tone 降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone 文体style 正式文体formal 非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English 套语formulistic expression 英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usage 感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory 贬义derogatory 幽默humorous 讽刺sarcastic。
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Scenic Names丝绸之路The Silk Road秦始皇陵墓Mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang陶制兵马俑T erracotta Warriors & Horses 故宫博物馆The Palace Museum故宫（紫禁城）Imperial Palace(Forbidden City) 颐和园The Summer Palace宫Palace殿Hall 亭、阁Pavilion楼、阁T ower水榭Pavilion on the water池塘Pond 太和殿Hall of Supreme Harmony 中和殿Hall of Central Harmony保和殿Hall of Preserved Harmony 养性殿Hall of Mental Cultivation乾清宫Palace of Heavenly Purity 宁寿宫Palace of Peace and Longevity长春宫Palace of Eternal Spring 储秀宫Palace of Preserved Elegance大观园Grand View Garden 德和园Garden of Harmonious Virtue拙政园Garden of Humble Administrator 乐寿堂Hall of Happiness and Longevity大慈悲寺T emple of Great Mercy 慈恩寺T emple of Benefaction献福寺T emple of Offering Happiness 独秀峰Peak of Unique Beauty天都峰Heavenly Capital Peak 五老峰Five Old Men Peak大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda 六和塔Pagoda of Six Harmonies爱晚亭Dusk Adoring Pavilion 陶然亭Leisure Joy Pavilion万佛洞Cave of 10,000 Buddhist Figures 紫云洞Purple Cloud Cave龙隐洞Hidden Dragon Cave 烟霞洞Cave of Morning Mist and Sunset Glow Chinese Dishes北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck 香酥鸡Crispy Fried Chicken醋溜子鸡Fried Spring Chicken with Vinegar Sauce糖醋黄鱼Sweet and Sour Y ellow Croaker清蒸鲑鱼Steamed Mandarin Fish(T rout)清炖甲鱼Braised T urtle in Clear Soup茄汁鱼丸Fried Fish Balls with T omato Sauce 青椒肉片Fried Sliced Pork and Green Pepper鱼香肉丝Fish-flavored Shredded Pork in Hot Sauce 鲜菇大虾Fried Prawns with Fresh Mushrooms 荷叶粉蒸肉Steamed Flour-coated Pork Wrapped in Lotus leaves煨牛肉Simmered Beef涮羊肉Instant Boiled Mutton五香牛肉Spiced Beef葫芦鸡Roasted Whole Chicken红烧狮子头Stewed Meatballs with Gravy松鼠黄鱼Sweet and Sour Fried Y ellow Croaker in Squirrel Shape芙蓉虾仁Shrimp with Steamed Egg White麻婆豆腐Spicy Bean-curd in Sichuan Style 八宝糕Eight-treasure Pudding什锦炒饭Fried Rice with T en Ingredients炸酱面Noodles in Beijing Style扬州炒饭Fried Rice in Y angzhou Style凉面Cold Noodle with Sesame Sauce饺子Dumpling元宵Sweet Dumpling 馄饨Dumpling Soup油条Deep Fried Dough S ticks 花卷Steam Roll锅贴Fried Dumpling 包子Steamed Stuffed Bun窝窝头Steamed Corn Bread 烧饼Sesame Seed CakeInternational OrganizationsUN 联合国NATO 北大西洋公约组织EU 欧盟APEC 亚太经贸合作组织CIS 独联体OPEC 欧佩克石油输出国家组织Western European CountriesSwitzerland 瑞士Netherlands 荷兰Monaco 摩纳哥United Kingdoms 英国Belgium 比利时Eastern EuropeanSerbia 塞尔维亚Poland 波兰Montenegro 黑山共和国Belarus 白俄罗斯Czech Republic 捷克Lithuania立陶宛African CountriesMozambique 莫桑比克Cameroon喀麦隆Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚Rwanda卢旺达Mauritius 毛里求斯Somalia 索马里Asian CountriesKorea 韩国Myanmar缅甸Bangladesh 孟加拉Nepal尼泊尔Bhutan 不丹Indonesia 印尼Mid-Eastern CountriesAfghanistan 阿富汗Iran 伊朗Lebanon 黎巴嫩Pakistan 巴基斯坦Qatar 卡塔尔Singapore 新加坡Latin American CountriesBolivia 玻利维亚Chile 智利Cuba 古巴Honduras 洪都拉斯Nicaragua 尼加拉瓜Peru 秘鲁World’s Major Cities旧金山San Francisco 西雅图Seattle 纽奥良New Orleans 匹兹堡Pittsburgh 底特律Detroit 巴蒂摩尔Baltimore 克利夫兰Cleveland 墨西哥市Mexico City 里约热内卢Rio de Janeiro 渥太华Ottawa 温哥华Vancouver 悉尼Sydney 开罗Cairo 开普敦Cape town 雅典Athens 贝尔格莱德Belgrade 布达佩斯Budapest 布拉格Prague 维也纳Vienna 日内瓦Geneva 里斯本Lisbon 马德里Madrid 米兰Milan 马赛Marseille 巴黎Paris 利物浦Liverpool 爱丁堡Edinburgh 布鲁塞尔Brussels 海牙Hague 华沙Warsaw 汉堡Hamburg 波恩Bonn 莫斯科Moscow 列宁格勒Leningrad 安哥拉Ankara 耶路撒冷Jerusalem 麦加Mecca 加尔各答Calcutta 新德里New Delhi 孟买Bombay 雅加达Djakarta 仰光Rangoon 西贡Saigon 河内Hanoi 海防Haiphong 曼谷Bangkok 东京T okyo 横滨Y okohama 大阪Osaka 神户Kobe 札幌Sapporo 名古屋Nagoya 京都Kyoto 汉城（首尔）Seoul 平壤Pyongyang 澳门Macao 拉萨Lhasa 齐齐哈尔Qiqihar 呼和浩特Hohhot(Huhehot)DiseasesAnemia, anaemia贫血appendicitis阑尾炎arthritis关节炎bronchitis支气管炎chicken pox 水痘diabetes糖尿病diphtheria白喉eczema湿疹epilepsy癫痫gangrene坏疽German measles, rubella风疹leukemia白血病measles麻疹migraine headache偏头痛myocardial infarction心肌梗塞mump s流行性腮腺炎neurasthenia神经衰弱pharyngitis咽炎rabies狂犬病rheumatism风湿病scabies, itch疥疮scarlet fever猩红热sciatica坐骨神经痛sclerosis硬化syphilis梅毒tetanus破伤风thrombosis血栓形成tuberculosis结核病typhus斑疹伤寒whooping cough百日咳prostate cancer前列腺癌ulcer溃疡venereal disease性病stroke中风osteoporosis骨质疏松症astigmatism散光•十几个= Over a dozen 几十个= T ens, Dozens of 几万个= T ens of thousands•几十万= Hundreds of thousands 几千万= T ens of millions 几万万= Hundreds of millions•几亿万= Billions and billions• A is N times as large as B = A是 B 的N 倍• A is N times larger than B = A比 B 大N-1 倍• A has increased by N times = A增长了N-1 倍•Examples:•人口增加了一倍半= Increased by 2.5 times•人口增加了一倍半= Net increased of 1.5 times中国共产党中央委员会Central Committee of the Communist Party of China中央政治局Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPC中央政治局常务委员会Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC中央书记处Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CPC中央军事委员会Central Military Commission of the CPC中央纪律检查委员会Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC中央办公厅General Office, CCCPC中央组织部Organization Department, CCCPC中央宣传部Publicity Department, CCCPC中央统一战线部United Front Work Department, CCCPC中央对外联络部International Liaison Department, CCCPC中央政法委员会Committee of Political and Legislative Affairs, CCCPC全国人民代表大会National People's Congress全国人大代表deputy to the National People's Congress中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC)中国政协委员member of the National Committee of CPPCC国务院总理Premier, State Council 国务委员State Councilor （国务院各部）部长Minster司长Director 局长director 省长Governor 常务副省长Executive Vice Governor (副)市长(vice)mayor区长Chief Executive, District Govt 县长Chief Executive, Country Govt 乡镇长CE，T ownship Govt秘书长secretary-general 办公厅主任director, general office (部委办)Director 处长Division Chief科长Section Chief 科员clerk/officer国务院 State Council 总理Premier 副总理 Vice—Premier 国务委员 State Councillor秘书长 Secretary—General 副秘书长Deputy Secretary—General(1) 国务院部委Ministries and Commissions Directly under the S tate Council外交部Ministry of Foreign Affairs 国防部Ministry of National Defence国家发展计划委员State Development Planning Commission国家经济贸易委员会State Economic and T rade Commission教育部Ministry of Education 科学技术部Ministry of Science and T echnology国家科学技术工业委员会Commission of Science, T echnology and Industry for National Defence国家民族事务委员会State Ethnic Affairs Commission公安部 Ministry of Public Security国家安全部 Ministry of S tate Security监察部 Ministry of Supervision民政部 Ministry of Civil Affairs 司法部 Ministry of Justice财政部 Ministry of Finance 人事部 Ministry of Personnel劳动和社会保障部 Ministry of Labour and Social Security国土资源部Ministry of Land and Resources 建设部Ministry of Construction铁路部 Ministry of Railways 交通部 Ministry of Communications信息产业部 Ministry of Information Industry 水利部Ministry of Water Resources农业部Ministry of Agriculture对外贸易经济合作部Ministry of Foreign T rade and Economic Cooperation文化部Ministry of Culture 卫生部Ministry of Public Health国家计划生育委员会State Family Planning Commission中国人民银行People’s Bank of China 国家审计署State Auditing Administration部委管理的国家局State Bureaux Administration by Ministration or Commission)国家粮食储备局(国家发展计划委员会)State Bureau of Grain Reserve (Under the State Development Planning Commission)国家国内贸易局 State Bureau of Internal T rade国家煤炭工业局 S tate Bureau of Coal Industry国家机械工业局State Bureau of Machine Building Industry国家冶金工业局State Bureau of Metallurgical Industry国家石油和化学工业局State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry国家轻工业局State Bureau of Light Industry国家纺织工业局State Bureau of T extile Industry国家建筑材料工业局State Bureau of Building Materials Industry国家烟草专卖局State T obacco Monopoly Bureau国家有色金属工业局State Bureau of Nonferrous Metal Industry(以上由国家经贸委管理above are all under the S tate Economic and T rade Commission)国家外国专家局(人事部)State Bureau of Foreign Experts Affairs (under the Ministry of Personnel)国家海洋局(国土资源部)State Bureau of Oceanic Administration (under the Ministry of Land and Resources)国家测绘局(国土资源部) State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping (ditto)国家邮政局(信息产业部) State Post Bureau (under the Ministry of Information Industry)国家文物局(文化部) State Cultural Relics Bureau (under the Ministry of Culture)国家中医药管理局(卫生部)State Administration of T raditional Chinese Medicine (under the Ministry of Public Health) 国家外汇管理局(中国人民银行总行)State Administration of Foreign Exchange (under the P eople’s Bank of China)国家出入境检验检疫局(海关总署)State Administration for EntryExit Inspection and Quarantine (under the General Administ ration of Customs)各部（委、办、局）内职务名称 Positions Of Departments，Offices，Bureaux Of Ministries ／Commjssions办公厅主任 Director—General Of The General Office 副主任 DeputyDirector—General局长 Director—General Of A Bureau 副局长 Deputy Director—General厅长 Director—General Of A Department 副厅长 Deputy Director—General司长Director—General Of A Department副司长 Deputy Director—General处长Director Of A Division 副处长 Deputy Director科长Section Chief 副科长 Deputy Section Chief主任科员 Principal Staff Member 副主任科员Senior Staff Member巡视员 Counsel 助理巡视员Assistant Counsel调研员 Consultant 助理调研员Asstant Consultant科员Staff Member 办事员 Clerk1国务院直属事业单位Institutions Directly under the State Council新华通讯社Xinhua News Agency 中国科学院Chinese Academy of Sciences中国社会科学院Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国工程院Chinese Academy of Engineering国务院发展研究中心Development Research Centre of the State Council国家行政学院National School of Administration中国地震局China Seismological Bureau中国气象局China Meteorological Bureau中国证券监督管理委员会China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRS)(3)国务院直属机构Departments Directly under the State Council海关总署General Administration of Customs国家税务总局State T axation Administration 国家环境保护总局State Environmental Protection Administration中国民用航空总局Civil Aviation Administration of China (CAAC)国家广播电影电视总局State Administration of Radio, Film and T elevision国家体育总局State Physical Cultural Administration国家统计局S tate Statistics Bureau国家工商行政管理局State Administration of Industry and Commerce新闻出版署Press and Publication Administration国家版权局S tate Copyright Bureau国家林业局State Forestry Bureau国家质量技术监督局State Bureau of Quality and T echnical Supervision国家药品监督管理局State Drug Administration (SDA)国家知识产权局State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO)国家旅游局National T ourism Administration国家宗教事务局State Bureau of Religious Affairs国务院参事室Counsellors’ Office of the State Council国务院机关事务管理局Government Offices Administration of the S tate Council一最高人民法院Supreme People’S Cout院长 President 副院长Vice—President审判委员会委员 Member Of The Judicial Committee 审判员Judge助理审判员 Assistant Judge 书记员 Clerk 监狱长Warden总警监Commissioner General警监Commissioner警督Supervisor警司Superintendent警员Constable二、最高人民检察院Supreme People’S Procuratorate检察长Procurator—General副检察长 Deputy Procurator—General 检察委员会委员 Member Of The Procuratorial Committee 检察员 Procurator 助理检察员Assistant Procurator中国各级党政机关干部名称英译名中共中央总书记 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee政治局常委Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee政治局委员 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 书记处书记 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委员 Member, Central Committee 候补委员 Alternate Member …省委/市委书记Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC党组书记 secretary, Party Leadership Group 中华人民共和国主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People's Republic of China 全国人大委员长/副委员长 Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People's Congress 秘书长 Secretary-General 主任委员 Chairman 委员 Member （地方人大）主任 Chairman, Local People's Congress人大代表 Deputy to the People's Congress 国务院总理 Premier, State Council国务委员 State Councilor 秘书长 Secretary-General（国务院各委员会）主任 Minister in Charge of Commission for （国务院各部）部长 Minister 部长助理 Assistant Minister 司长 Director 局长 Director 省长 Governor 常务副省长 Executive Vice Governor自治区人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People's Government地区专员 Commissioner, prefecture 香港特别行政区行政长官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 市长/副市长 Mayor/Vice Mayor 区长 Chief Executive, District Government 县长 Chief Executive, County Government乡镇长 Chief Executive, T ownship Government 秘书长 Secretary-General办公厅主任 Director, General Office （部委办）主任 Director处长/副处长 Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief 科长/股长 Section Chief 科员 Clerk/Officer 发言人 Spokesman 顾问 Adviser 参事 Counselor 巡视员 Inspector/Monitor 特派员 Commissioner1中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee Of The Chinese People’S Political Con-Sultative Conference（CPPCC）主席Chairman 副主席 Vice—Chairman 秘书长 Secretary—General常务委员 Member Of The Standing Committee 政协全国委员会…委员会mittee Of The National Committee Of The CPPCC 主任委员Chairman 副主任委员 Vice—Chairman 委员 Member2《中国人民政治协商会议及其机构》The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and Its Structure中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会常务委员会Standing Committee of the National Committee of the CPPCC中国人民政治协商会议全国委员会办公厅General Offices of the CPPCC National Committee专门委员会Special Committee提案委员会Committee for Handling Proposals经济委员会Committee for Economic Affairs人口资源环境委员会Committee of Population, Resources and Environment教科文卫体委员会Committee of Education, Science, Culture, Health and Sports社会和法制委员会Committee for Social and Legal Affairs民族和宗教委员会Committee for Ethnic and Religious Affairs文史资料委员会Committee of Cultural and Historical Data港澳台侨委员会Committee for Liaison with Hong Kong, Macao, T aiwan and Overseas Chinese外事委员会Committee of Foreign Affairs中国人民政治协商委员会地方委员会CPPCC Local Committees领略了当代科技发展的前沿成就。