种子科学与工程专业英语

The Applications of Genome Re-sequencing in GWAS Studies
Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) is a powerful tool to identify key genes in complex diseases, but the imperfection of plant genotyping technology and the lack of a high density haplotype map for each crop have prevented this technique from being widely applied to studies of complex crop traits.
Sequencing Platform Recommendation The above sections summarise sequencing techniques and strategies that can be applied to breeding research. It is important for us to select the appropriate sequencing technology platform according to the purpose and schedule of our study.
References
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Expected to change quickly because the instruments are changing so rapidly.
Perspectives on the Future
This improvement will generate more lines and species with the ability to adapt to diverse environments and
Marker Development and QTL Mapping In the past two decades, most of the molecular breeding studies have focused on exploring the genetic basis for the yield and other complex agronomic traits of many different crops, using QTL analysis.
Generation of Genomic Resources
“The first genome sequence of a plant was co-mpleted for Arabid thaliana
The draft genome sequence and the whole genome sequence of the first important crop, rice, were published in 2002 and in 2005 Since then, many important crop genomes have been rapidly sequenced using the Sanger sequencing technique
Perspectives on the Future
Introduction
Molecular breeding is a method that uses conventional genetics Plant molecular breeding includes molecular markerassisted selection and genome-wide selection
High-throughput sequencing technologies are also called Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS), named after the first generation of sequencing technology represented by Sanger sequencing. High-throughput sequencing technologies consist of template preparation, DNA sequencing and imaging, and sequence assembly and alignment.
• Many genome sequencing papers using NGS technology are currently being published
Genome Variation and Population Genetics
Coupled with NGS, we can use whole genome resequencing, which is performed on individuals of a species whose genome sequence is already known, to determine the variance in crops at the individual and population levels. Re-sequencing population genomes can rapidly identify genetic variations that are related to important crop traits and can shorten the experimental breeding cycle.
Marker Development and QTL Mapping
Re-sequencing Identifies Mutation Sites
Forward genetic mutation studies that adapt to evolution and phenotype screening are powerful tools for producing organisms with new variations in prospective traits. However, the mutations introduced during this process cannot be easily identified by traditional genetic techniques. The new generation of largescale parallel sequencing technologies can rapidly and accurately obtain genetic information for a mutant strain when the genome information for the par-ental strain is already known.
Recent Progress Using Highthroughput Sequencing Tec hnologies in Plant Molecular Breeding
** Jiang
Introduction
Generation of Genomic Resources Genome Variation and Population Genetics Marker Development and QTL Mapping Re-sequencing Identifies Mutation Sites The Applications of Genome Re-sequencing in GWAS Studies Sequencing Platform Recommendation
support human survival.
DNA methylation sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation DNA sequencing, and other new methods allow us to understand better the genomic patterns behind complex phenotypes and to apply this understanding to improved crop breeding.

Sequencing Platform Recommendation
Illumina the 454
QTL mapping and population genetics
its lowest cost and highest data output.
its long read length.
large data output and a low cost.