2021上海市杨浦一模卷(答案)
2021年上海市杨浦区高三一模语文试卷(附答案)
杨浦区2021学年度第一学期高三年级模拟质量调研语文学科试卷（答案做在答题卡上）（满分150分，时间150分钟）2021年12月一．阅读（80分）（一）阅读下文，完成1-6题。
（17分）⑴中国社会科学网讯（记者曾江通讯员郑远）9月29日，2021中国艺术品产业创新暨艺术品投融资高峰论坛在北京宋庄召开。
论坛上发布了中国文化产业智库研究中心出品,西沐编缉的《中国艺术品产业发展年度研究敷陈[2021]》。
这是我国首份关于中国艺术品产业发展的年度研究敷陈。
中国艺术品产业已经成为一个重要的新的发展业态，是中国文化产业发展的重要组成部分，更是中国艺术品市场转型及上台阶、扩规模的前提与重要动力。
中国艺术品产业的快速发展，也是我国文化扶植与文化大发展大繁荣的必然要求。
相关的前沿理论与实践为中国艺术品产业的理论与实践提供了支撑与引导，产业的发展需要更多的研究、探索，《中国艺术品产业发展年度研究敷陈》就是在这个背景下出研究、编制与发布的。
(2)研究敷陈的主体部分分为概述，艺术品市场与艺术品产业，中国艺术品产业的概念、构成、特点与意义，中国艺术品产业发展的现状、问题与趋势，中国艺术品产业发展的阶段、规模与结构分析，中国艺术品产业发展的战略标的目的，中国艺术品产业办理分析，中国艺术品产业支撑体系分析，对策与建议，结束语等十个部分。
敷陈全文十余万字。
(3)敷陈反映，中国艺术品产业的体系构成，概括地讲可以划分为以下几个大的类型：（1）书法艺术品产业；（2）美术艺术品产业；（3）工艺艺术品产业；（4）民间（非遗）艺术品产业；（5）古董杂项艺术品产业；（6）以版权为中心的衍生艺术品产业；（7）艺术品办事产业；（8）艺术品产业的支撑体系；（9）艺术品产业的生态体系。
据统计估算，2021年中国艺术品产业规模为8020亿元。
相关情况可以拜见2021年度中国艺术品产业的规模结构图。
(4)敷陈显示，中国艺术品产业在发展过程中，显现出五个趋势：（A）一是中国艺术品产业规模发展迅速；（B）二是中国艺术品产业规模在整个文化产业发展的过程中，占有举足轻重的地位；(C)三是在中国艺术品产业规模结构中，美术艺术品产业及工艺艺术品产业是主导，超过了整个中国艺术品产业规模的60%以上；艺术品办事产业、以版权为中心的艺术衍生品产业占有必然的规模；艺术品产业的支撑体系产业、民间（非遗）艺术品产业的规模也占有必然规模，成为中国艺术品产业发展过程中弗成忽视的发展板块；(D) 四是中国艺术品产业生态正在形成。
2021年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷(附答案详解)
2021年上海市杨浦区高考数学一模试卷一、单选题（本大题共4小题，共20.0分）1. 设a >b >0，c ≠0，则下列不等式中，恒成立的是( )A. 1a >1bB. ac 2>bc 2C. ac >bcD. c a <c b 2. 下列函数中，值域为(0,+∞)的是( )A. y =x 2B. y =2xC. y =2xD. y =|log 2x|3. 从正方体的8个顶点中选取4个作为顶点，可得到四面体的个数为( )A. C 84−12B. C 84−8C. C 84−6D. C 84−4 4. 设集合A ={y|y =a x ,x >0}(其中常数a >0，a ≠1)，B ={y|y =x k ,x ∈A}(其中常数k ∈Q)，则“k <0”是“A ∩B =⌀”的( )A. 充分非必要条件B. 必要非充分条件C. 充分必要条件D. 既非充分又非必要条件二、单空题（本大题共12小题，共54.0分） 5. 设全集U =R ，A =(−∞,2)，则∁U A =______．6. 设复数z =1−2i ，(i 是虚数单位)，则|z|=______．7. 若关于x ，y 的方程组{2x +y =43x −ay =8无解，则实数a =______． 8. 已知球的半径为2，则球的体积为______．9. 若直线l 1：2x +my +1=0与l 2：y =3x −1互相垂直，则实数m =______．10. 已知sinα=−√55，α∈(−π2,π2)，则sin(α+π2)=______． 11. 已知(x +2x )n 的二项展开式中，所有二项式系数的和为256，则展开式中的常数项为______(结果用数值表示)．12. f(x)是偶函数，当x ≥0时，f(x)=2x −1，则不等式f(x)>1的解集为______．13. 方程1+log 2x =log 2(x 2−3)的解为______．14. 平面直角坐标系中，满足到F 1(−1,0)的距离比到F 2(1,0)的距离大1的点的轨迹为曲线T ，点P n (n,y n )(其中y n >0，n ∈N ∗)是曲线T 上的点，原点O 到直线P n F 2的距离为d n ，则n →∞lim d n =______．15. 如图所示矩形ABCD 中，AB =2，AD =1，分别将边BC 与DC 等分成8份，并将等分点自下而上依次记作E 1，E 2，…，E 7，自左到右依次记作F 1，F 2，…，F 7，满足AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ≤2，(其中i ，j ∈N ∗，1≤i ，j ≤7)的有序数对(i,j)共有______对．16. 已知函数y =f(x)在定义域R 上是单调函数，值域为(−∞,0)，满足f(−1)=−13，且对于任意x ，y ∈R ，都有f(x +y)=−f(x)f(y).y =f(x)的反函数为y =f −1(x)，若将y =kf(x)(其中常数k >0)的反函数的图象向上平移1个单位，将得到函数y =f −1(x)的图象，则实数k 的值为______．三、解答题（本大题共5小题，共76.0分）17. 如图所示，在直三棱柱ABC −A 1B 1C 1中，底面是等腰直角三角形，∠ACB =90°，CA =CB =CC 1=2.点D ，D 1分别是棱AC ，A 1C 1的中点．(1)求证：D ，B ，B 1，D 1四点共面；(2)求直线BC 1与平面DBB 1D 1所成角的大小．18.设常数k∈R，f(x)=kcos2x+√3sinxcosx，x∈R．(1)若f(x)是奇函数，求实数k的值；(2)设k=1，△ABC中，内角A，B，C的对边分别为a，b，c.若f(A)=1，a=√7，b=3，求△ABC的面积S．19.某校运会上无人机飞行表演，在水平距离x∈[10,24](单位：米)内的飞行轨迹如图所示，y表示飞行高度(单位：米).其中当x∈[10,20]时，轨迹为开口向上的抛物线的一段(端点为M、Q)，当x∈[20,24]时，轨迹为线段QN，经测量，起点M(10,24)，终点N(24,24)，最低点P(14,8)．(1)求y关于x的函数解析式；(2)在A(0,24)处有摄像机跟踪拍摄，为确保始终拍到无人机，求拍摄视角θ的最小值．(精确到0.1°)20. 设A 1，A 2分别是椭圆Γ：x 2a 2+y 2=1(a >1)的左、右顶点，点B 为椭圆的上顶点．(1)若A 1B ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅A 2B⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =−4，求椭圆Γ的方程； (2)设a =√2，F 2是椭圆的右焦点，点Q 是椭圆第二象限部分上一点，若线段F 2Q 的中点M 在y 轴上，求△F 2BQ 的面积．(3)设a =3，点P 是直线x =6上的动点，点C 和D 是椭圆上异于左、右顶点的两点，且C ，D 分别在直线PA 1和PA 2上，求证：直线CD 恒过一定点．21. 设数列{a n }与{b n }满足：{a n }的各项均为正数，b n =cosa n ，n ∈N ∗．(1)设a 2=3π4，a 3=π3，若{b n }是无穷等比数列，求数列{b n }的通项公式； (2)设0<a 1≤π2.求证：不存在递减的数列{a n }，使得{b n }是无穷等比数列；(3)当1≤n ≤2m +1时，{b n }为公差不为0的等差数列且其前2m +1项的和为0；若对任意满足条件0<a n ≤6π(1≤n ≤2m +1)的数列{a n }，其前2m +1项的和S2m+1均不超过100π，求正整数m的最大值．答案和解析1.【答案】B【解析】解：因为a>b>0，所以1a <1b，故A错误；因为a>b>0，c≠0，则c2>0，所以ac2>bc2，故B正确；若a>b>0，c<0，则ac<bc，故C错误；若a>b>0，c<0，则1a <1b，ca>cb，故D错误．故选：B．由不等式的基本性质逐一判断即可．本题主要考查不等式的基本性质，属于基础题．2.【答案】C【解析】解：∵函数y=x2的值域为[0,+∞)，故排除A；∴函数y=2x的值域为{y|y≠0}，故排除B；∵函数y=2x的值域为(0,+∞)，故C满足条件；函数y=|log2x|的值域为[0,+∞)，故排除D，故选：C．由题意利用基本初等函数的值域，得出结论．本题主要考查基本初等函数的值域，属于基础题．3.【答案】A【解析】解：根据题意，从正方体的8个顶点中选取4个，有C84种取法，正方体的8个顶点中，4个顶点共面的情况有12种，6个表面，6个对角面，则可得到四面体的个数为C84−12，故选：A．根据题意，用间接法分析，先计算从正方体的8个顶点中选取4个的取法，再排除其中4点共面的情况，即可得答案．本题考查排列组合的应用，涉及正方体的几何结构，属于基础题．4.【答案】A【解析】解：当a >1时，集合A =(1,+∞)，若k <0，则B ={y|y =x k ,x ∈A}=(0，1)，此时A ∩B =⌀；当0<a <1，集合A =(0,1)，若k <0，则B ={y|y =x k ,x ∈A}=(1，+∞)，此时A ∩B =⌀，故“k <0”是“A ∩B =⌀”的充分条件，当a >1时，集合A =(1,+∞)，若A ∩B =⌀，B ={y|y =x k ,x ∈A}，可得k ≤0； 当0<a <1，集合A =(0,1)，若A ∩B =⌀，B ={y|y =x k ,x ∈A}，可得k ≤0， 所以“k <0”不是“A ∩B =⌀”的必要条件，所以“k <0”是“A ∩B =⌀”的充分非必要条件．故选：A ．分a >1和0<a <1两种情况，根据充分必要条件的定义分别，判断其充分性和必要性即可．本题考查了充分必要条件，属于中档题．5.【答案】[2,+∞)【解析】解：∵全集U =R ，A =(−∞,2)，∴∁U A =[2,+∞)．故答案为：[2,+∞)．利用补集定义直接求解．本题考查补集的求法，考查补集定义等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，是基础题． 6.【答案】√5【解析】解：因为复数z =1−2i ，所以|z|=√12+(−2)2=√5．故答案为：√5．由复数的模的计算公式即可求出．本题主要考查复数模的运算，属于基础题．7.【答案】−32【解析】解：若关于x ，y 的方程组{2x +y =43x −ay =8无解， 则直线2x +y −4=0和直线3x −ay −8=0平行，故有32=−a1≠−8−4，求得a=−32，故答案为：−32．由题意可得直线2x+y−4=0和直线3x−ay−8=0平行，再利用两条直线平行的性质，求出a的值．本题主要考查二元一次方程组无解问题，两条直线平行的性质，属于基础题．8.【答案】32π3【解析】解：∵球的半径为R=2，∴球的体积为V=4π3R3=32π3．故答案为：32π3．根据球的体积公式，结合题中的数据直接加以计算，可得答案．本题已知球的半径，求球的体积．着重考查了球的性质、求的体积公式及其应用等知识，属于基础题．9.【答案】6【解析】解：∵直线l1：2x+my+1=0与l2：y=3x−1互相垂直，∴2×3+m×(−1)=0，求得实数m=6，故答案为：6．由题意利用两条直线垂直的性质，求出m的值．本题主要考查两条直线垂直的性质，属于基础题．10.【答案】2√55【解析】解：因为sinα=−√55<0，α∈(−π2,π2)，所以α∈(−π2,0)，cosα=√1−sin2α=2√55，则sin(α+π2)=cosα=2√55．故答案为：2√55．由题意可得范围α∈(−π2,0)，进而根据同角三角函数基本关系式，诱导公式即可求解．本题主要考查了同角三角函数基本关系式，诱导公式在三角函数化简求值中的应用，考查了计算能力和转化思想，属于基础题．11.【答案】1120【解析】解：∵已知(x +2x )n 的二项展开式中，所有二项式系数的和为2n =256，∴n =8． 则展开式中的通项公式为T r+1=C 8r ⋅2r ⋅x 8−2r ，令8−2r =0，求得r =4，可得展开式的常数项为C 84⋅24=1120， 故答案为：1120．由题意利用二项式系数的性质，求得n =8，在二项展开式的通项公式中，令x 的幂指数等于0，求出r 的值，即可求得常数项．本题主要考查二项式定理的应用，二项展开式的通项公式，二项式系数的性质，属于基础题．12.【答案】(−∞,−1)∪(1,+∞)【解析】解：根据题意，当x ≥0时，f(x)=2x −1，此时，若f(x)>1，即2x −1>1，解可得x >1，此时f(x)>1的解集(1,+∞)， 又由f(x)是偶函数，则当x <0时，f(x)>1的解集(−∞,−1)，综合可得：不等式f(x)>1的解集为(−∞,−1)∪(1,+∞)．故答案为：(−∞,−1)∪(1,+∞)．根据题意，当x ≥0时，f(x)=2x −1，由函数的解析式可得f(x)>1在(0,+∞)上的解集，结合函数的奇偶性可得f(x)>1在(−∞,0)上的解集，综合可得答案． 本题考查函数的奇偶性的性质以及应用，涉及不等式的解法，属于基础题． 13.【答案】x =3【解析】解：∵1+log 2x =log 2(x 2−3)，∴log 2(2x)=log 2(x 2−3)，故2x =x 2−3，故{x 2−3>0x >0x 2−2x −3=0，解得：x =3，故答案为：x =3．问题转化为{x 2−3>0x >0x 2−2x −3=0，求出x 的值即可．本题考查了解方程问题，考查对数函数的性质，考查转化思想，是一道基础题．14.【答案】√32【解析】解：设曲线T 上的点为P ，由题意，|PF 1|−|PF 2|=1，则曲线T 为双曲线，焦点坐标为F 1(−1,0)，F 2(1,0)，2a =1，a =12，c =1，∴b 2=c 2−a 2=1−14=34，∴双曲线方程为4x 2−43y 2=1．渐近线方程为y =±√3x ，而点P n (n,y n )(其中y n >0，n ∈N ∗)是曲线T 上的点，当n →+∞时，直线P n F 2的斜率趋近于√3，即k P n F 2=√3．则P n F 2：y =√3(x −1)，即√3x −y −√3=0．∴n →∞lim d n =√3|√(√3)2+(−1)2=√32． 故答案为：√32． 由双曲线定义可知T 的轨迹方程，求得渐近线方程，得到直线P n F 2的方程，再由点到直线的距离公式求解．本题考查双曲线的定义域几何性质，考查数列极限的求法，考查运算求解能力，是中档题．15.【答案】18【解析】解：根据题意，矩形ABCD 中，AB =2，AD =1，则AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +BE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +i 8AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +DF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +j 8AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，则AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +i 8AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )⋅(AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +j 8AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )=i 8+j 2，若AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ≤2，则i 8+j 2≤2，变形可得i +4j ≤16，又由i ，j ∈N ∗，1≤i ，j ≤7，当i =1时，j 可取的值为1、2、3，共3个；当i =2时，j 可取的值为1、2、3，共3个；当i =3时，j 可取的值为1、2、3，共3个；当i =4时，j 可取的值为1、2、3，共3个；当i =5时，j 可取的值为1、2，共2个；当i =6时，j 可取的值为1、2，共2个；当i =7时，j 可取的值为1、2，共2个；则符合条件的有序数对(i,j)共有3×4+2×3=18对， 故答案为：18．根据题意，有由向量加法的运算性质可得AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +i8AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +j 8AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ，进而由数量积的计算公式可得AE i ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅AF j ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +i 8AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )⋅(AD ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ +j 8AB ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ )=i 8+j2，变变形可得i +4j ≤16，据此分类讨论(i,j)的组合，由加法原理计算可得答案． 本题考查向量数量积的计算，涉及分类计数原理的应用，属于基础题．16.【答案】3【解析】解：由题意，设f(x)=y =−a x ， 根据f(−1)=−13，解得a =3， ∴f(x)=y =−3x ，那么x =log 3(−y)，(y <0)，x 与y 互换，可得f −1(x)=log 3(−x)，(x <0)， 则y =kf(x)=−k ⋅3x ， 那么x =log 3(y −k )，x 与y 互换，可得y =log 3(−xk )，向上平移1个单位，可得y =log 3(−xk )+1， 即log 3(−x)=log 3(−3x k)，故得k =3， 故答案为：3．由题意设f(x)=−a x 根据f(−1)=−13，解得a ，在求解y =kf(x)的反函数，向上平移1个单位，可得y =f −1(x)，即可求解实数k 的值； 本题考查了反函数的求法，属于基础题．17.【答案】解：(1)证明：∵点D ，D 1分别是棱AC ，A 1C 1的中点，∴DD 1//CC 1， ∵CC 1//BB 1，∴DD 1//BB 1， ∴D 、B 、B 1、D 1四点共面． (2)作C 1F ⊥B 1D 1，垂足为F ，∵BB 1⊥平面A 1B 1C 1，C 1F ⊂平面A 1B 1C 1， ∴直线BB 1⊥直线C 1F ，∵C 1F ⊥直线B 1D 1且BB 1与B 1D 1相交于B 1， ∴直线C 1F ⊥平面DBB 1D 1，∴∠C 1BF 即为直线BC 1与平面DBB 1D 1所成的角． 在直角△C 1BF 中，BC 1=2√2，C 1F =2√55，sin∠C 1BF =√1010， 直线BC 1与平面DBB 1D 1所成的角为arcsin √1010．【解析】(1)证明DD 1//BB 1，即可证明D 、B 、B 1、D 1四点共面．(2)作C 1F ⊥B 1D 1，垂足为F ，说明∠C 1BF 即为直线BC 1与平面DBB 1D 1所成的角，再求出直线BC 1与平面DBB 1D 1所成角的大小．本题考查直线与平面所成角的求法，平面的基本性质，是中档题．18.【答案】解：(1)由题意知，f(0)=k =0，下面对k =0进行检验：若k =0，则f(x)=√3sinxcosx ，对任意x ∈R 都有f(−x)=√3sin(−x)cos(−x)=−√3sinxcosx =−f(x)， ∴f(x)是奇函数，∴k =0．(2)∵f(A)=cos 2A +√3sinAcosA =1， ∴1+cos2A2+√32sin2A =1，整理，得sin(2A +π6)=12，∴2A +π6=π6+2kπ或5π6+2kπ，k ∈Z ，∴A =kπ或π3+kπ，k ∈Z ， ∵A ∈(0,π)，∴A =π3， 由余弦定理知，cosA =b 2+c 2−a 22bc，即12=9+c 2−76c，整理，得c 2−3c +2=0，解得c =1或c =2， ∴S =12bcsinA =3√34或3√32．【解析】(1)由f(0)=0，知k =0，再对k =0进行检验，即可；(2)结合二倍角公式、辅助角公式和正弦函数的图象与性质，可推出A =π3，再由余弦定理求出c 的值，最后根据S =12bcsinA ，即可得解．本题考查解三角形与三角恒等变换的综合运用，熟练掌握三角形面积公式、余弦定理和三角恒等变换的相关公式是解题的关键，考查学生的逻辑推理能力和运算能力，属于基础题．19.【答案】解：(1)x ∈[10,20]时，设：y =a(x −14)2+8，M(10,24)代入得 a =1， ∴y =(x −14)2+8， x ∈[20,24]时， ∵Q(20,44)、N(24,24)， ∴y =−5x +144，∴y ={(x −14)2+8x ∈[10,20]−5x +144x ∈(20,24]．(2)如图，设仰角为α，俯角为β，∵Q(20,44)，A(0,24)，∴仰角α最小为45°， tanβ=24−y x，=24−(x 2−28x +204)x=28−(x +180x)≤28−12√5，x ∈[10,20]∴俯角β最小为arctan(−12√5+28)≈49.4°， ∴θ最小为94.4°．【解析】(1)结合函数的图象，通过x ∈[10,20]时，设：y =a(x −14)2+8，利用M(10,24)代入得 a =1，求出解析式，然后得到函数的解析式即可． (2)设仰角为α，俯角为β，推出tanβ=24−y x，化简后利用基本不等式求解最值，推出θ最小为94.4°．本题考查函数与方程的应用，函数的解析式的求法，考查转化思想以及计算能力，是中档题．20.【答案】解：(1)A 1(−a,0)，A 2(a,0)，B(0,1)，A 1B ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(a, 1)，A 2B ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =(−a, 1)，A 1B ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⋅A 2B ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =−a 2+1=−4，解得a 2=5， 即椭圆Γ的方程为x 25+y 2=1；(2)椭圆的方程为x 22+y 2=1，则F 2(1,0)，设Q(x Q ,y Q )，由线段F 2Q 的中点在y 轴上，得x Q =−1， 代入椭圆方程，得y Q =√22，即Q(−1, √22)，S △F 2BQ =S △BF 2M +S △BQM =12(1−√24)⋅2=1−√24； (3)证明：由题意A 1(−3,0)，A 2(3,0)，设点P 的坐标为(6,m)， 直线PA 1：y =m9(x +3)，与椭圆方程 x 29+y 2=1联立消去y ，得(9+m 2)x 2+6m 2x +9m 2−81=0， 由韦达定理，得x C =−3m 2+279+m 2，即C(−3m 2+279+m 2, 6m 9+m 2)，同理 D(3m 2−31+m 2, −2m 1+m 2)， 当x C =x D ，即27−3m 29+m 2=3m 2−3m 2+1，即m 2=3时，直线CD 的方程为x =32， 当x C ≠x D 时，直线CD ：y −−2m1+m 2=4m3(3−m 2)(x −3m 2−31+m 2)，化简得y =4m3(3−m 2)(x −32)，恒过点(32, 0)， 综上所述，直线CD 恒过点(32, 0)．【解析】(1)由椭圆方程分别求出点A 1，A 2，B 的坐标，然后利用已知向量关系，求出a 的值即可求解；(2)先求出椭圆的方程，即可求出F 2的坐标，设出Q 的坐标，根据已知可求出Q 的横坐标，然后代入椭圆方程化简求出Q 的坐标，进而可以求解；(3)由已知a 的值即可求出椭圆的左右顶点的坐标，再设出P 的坐标为(6,m)，由此可得直线PA 1的方程，并与椭圆方程联立，利用韦达定理求出C 的坐标，同理求出D 的坐标，若直线CD 的斜率不存在可求出直线CD 的方程，若斜率存在即可求出直线CD 的方程，即可求出直线CD 过的定点，进而得证．本题考查了椭圆的标准方程以及直线与椭圆的位置关系，涉及到三角形面积问题以及直线过定点的问题，考查了学生的运算转化能力，属于中档题．21.【答案】(1)解：由a 2=3π4，a 3=π3， 可得b 2=cos3π4=−√22，b 3=cos π3=12，公比为q =−√22，由b 22=b 1⋅b 3解得b 1=1，数列{b n }的通项公式为b n =(−√22)n−1．(2)证明：设存在递减的数列{a n }，使得{b n }是无穷等比数列， 则0<a 2<a 1<π2，此时cosa 2>cosa 1>0，公比q=cosa2cosa1>1，cosan=cosa1⋅(q)n−1，考虑不等式cosa1⋅q n−1>1，当n>1−log q(cosa1)时，即n≥1+[1−log q(cosa1)]时，有cosa n>1(其中[x]表示不超过x的最大整数)，这与f(x)=cosx的值域为[−1,1]矛盾，所以假设不成立，得证；(3)解：(b1+b2m+1)(2m+1)2=0，可得b1+b2m+1=0，由等差数列性质b i+b2m+2−i=b1+b2m+1=0(1≤i≤m+1,i∈N∗)，即cosa i+cosa2m+2−i=0，特别地，b m+1=0，现考虑S2m+1的最大值．为使S2m+1取最大值，应有a n∈[5π,6π]，否则在S2m+1中将a n替换为a n′，且cosa n=cosa n′，a n′∈[5π,6π]，将得到一个更大的S2m+1，由cosa i+cosa2m+2−i=0可知a i+a2m+2−i=2⋅11π2=11π，特别地，a m+1=11π2；于是(S2m+1)max=m⋅(11π)+11π2=(2m+1)⋅11π2≤100π，解得m≤18922，所以m的最大值为8．【解析】(1)运用等比数列的中项性质，解方程可得公比q，所求通项公式；(2)运用反证法证明，结合数列的单调性和余弦函数的值域，可得矛盾，即可得证；(3)运用等差数列的中项性质和求和公式，解不等式可得所求最大值．本题考查等比数列和等差数列的性质和通项公式、求和公式的运用，考查运算能力和推理能力，属于中档题．。
2021年上海杨浦区中考英语一模试卷和答案
杨浦区2021学年度第一学期期末质量调研初三英语练习卷2021.1Part1 Listening（第一部份听力）I. Listening Comprehension (听力明白得): (共30分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (依照你听到的内容，选出相应的图片):(6分)B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear (依照你听到的对话和问题，选出最适当的答案): (共8分)7. A) He went camping. B) He visited campus. C) He stayed at home. D) He did housework.8. A) Rainy. B) Fine. C) Windy. D). Snowy.9. A) Every day. B) Once a week.C) Every two days. D) A couple of times a year.10.A) 10yuan. B) 20yuan. C)30yuan. D)40dyuan.11.A) In the supermarket. B) At the airport.C) In the church. D) At the post office.12.A) The weather. B) Southeast Asia.C) Travel plan. D) Christmas gifts.13.A) By taxi. B) By plane. C) By train. D) By bus.14.A)Several towns were struck by the floods. B)Several people were killed in the floods.C)Nobody got hurt or killed in the floods. D)Many people were homeless after the floods.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false(判定以下句子是不是符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示): (共6分)15.Tom went interview and was told to take s test.16.The manager of the big company wanted to email the test result to Tom.17.Tom didn't get the job as an office boy because he didn't have an email.18.With $10 Tom bought 10 kilos of tomatoes and sold them on the streets.19.It took several years for Tom to become one of the biggest food retailers (零售商) in the US.20. The story tells us that modem technology brings great convenience to businessmen.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成以下内容，每空格限填一词): (共10分)2I.Tim Berners-Lee studied at Oxford University , and while he was there he built his first computer.22.In 1980 he a computer program to organize his notes.23.He designed a system called HTML that allows people to and put them on a web on the Internet. .24.In 1991, 11 years after his first idea for a program, the World Wide Web .25.Berners-Lee wanted his invention to be for everybody.Part2 Phonetics,Grammar and vocabulary（第二部份语音、语法和辞汇）II. Choose the best answer (选择最适当的答案): (共20分)26.I could see he was carrying a gun. Which of the following is correct for the underlined wordin the sentence?A) /gu;n/ B) /gʌn/ C) /gɔn/ D) /gən/27.Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others?A) Wild animals should not be kept in zoos. B) Add a little more liquid to the sauce.C) I had a burning desire to visit France. D) It’s not wise for hurt to travel alone.28.The sign says we can park our ear here. It's information signA) a B)an C)the D)/29.A fire had broken out and caused much to the roof.A) death B) accident C) damage D) problem30.The stampede(踩踏事件) which happened at the Bund area is disaster to hit Shanghaiin recent years.A) bad B) worse C) worst D) the worst31. The war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.A)Long B)The long C)Longer D)The longer32.95% of the passengers say they are satisfied the public transport service.A)in B)for C)to D)with33.I called my father and told him about my progress. He sounded really .A) happy B) happily C) happiness D) unhappy34.Even a small portable computer store huge amounts of information.,A) can B) may C) must D) should35.Would you mind me a small favor?A) do B) doing C) to do D) to doing36.There are no empty seats on this flight, but there are available on the next one.A) few B) a few C) little D) a little37. the government has promised to improve road safety, little has been achieved so far.A) If B) Although C) Unless D) Because38.They in Italy for twelve years before they moved to England.A) live B) were living C) have lived D) had lived39. As soon as the sun down, the temperature drops sharply.A) goes B)went C) will go D) had gone40.The house was just what 1 wanted, it was the right price.A) or B) but C) and D) so41.I don't believe in letting children whatever they want to do.A) do B) doing C) to do D) to doing42.The Red Cross is always the first help to victims when a disaster happens.A) provide B) providing C) to provide D) to providing43. exciting program Tint Running Man is!A) What B) What a C) What an D) How44.Here is the package yon ordered. It this morning.A) deliver B) is delivered C)delivered D) was delivered45.——Are you going to buy a car this year?——The price for a car plate is so high. I'll wait and see,A) Why not? B) Not really.C) Well, I’ll certainly buy one.D) 1 couldn't agree with you more.Ⅲ. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once (将以下单词或词组填入空格。
2021年上海民办杨浦实验学校高三语文一模试卷及答案
2021年上海民办杨浦实验学校高三语文一模试卷及答案一、现代文阅读（36分）(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
“天下”是中国传统文化对世界秩序的一种原初想象，“天下主义”是以“天下”理念为核心，由具有普遍性和开放性的世界秩序、价值规范与理想人格构成的思想体系。
在当今全球化语境之下，中国文化理念和文化战略的自觉自信体现的正是“天下主义”的精神内核。
文化自信首先是一种“以天下观天下”的世界观的自信。
《道德经》有云：“修之于天下，其德乃普。
故以身观身，以家观家，以乡观乡，以国观国，以天下观天下。
”“天下”是中国文化特有的思维尺度，是一个最宏大、最完备的分析单位，具有最广阔的容纳力。
面对差异性的多元文化格局，西方文化多以民族国家为基本单位，文化视域限于国家、民族内部，虽然也有关于世界的思考，比如斯多葛学派的“世界主义”等，但其思考方式是“以国家观世界”，与中国文化的立足点和尺度不同。
中国文化的“天下”蕴含了“天下无外”的理想，各个民族的历史文化在世界内部是平等共存的；中国文化依循“修身、齐家、治国、平天下”的进路，从“身-家-国”逻辑同构的角度，最终达到“天下大同”的境界。
与西方文化相较，“天下”的世界观更具有开放性和包容性。
文化自信的核心是“以天下为一家”的价值观的自信。
中国文化是以儒家文化为代表的伦理型文化，梁漱溟认为“中国伦理始于家庭而不止于家庭”，中国文化重视家庭生活，整个社会关系是依照家庭关系推广发挥的。
“以天下为一家”的价值观实质上是一种关系性伦理，把“自我”和“他者”看成一体共生的关系。
“天下”是一个最大的家，家庭利益的最大化就是个体利益的最大化，共同体的善与个体的善是统一的。
文化自信最终体现为一种人格自信。
无论是“以天下观天下”的世界观，还是“以天下为一家”的价值观，最终都沉淀为个体的精神品格。
中国文化倡导和推崇的理想人格是“君子”，这是由中国人独特的精神气质所决定的。
2021年上海市杨浦区高考物理一模试卷(含解析)
2021年上海市杨浦区高考物理一模试卷一、单选题（本大题共12小题，共40.0分）1.关于惯性，下列说法正确的是()A. 汽车速度越大越难刹车，表明速度越大惯性越大B. 乘坐汽车时系好安全带可减小惯性C. 宇宙飞船中的物体处于完全失重状态，所以没有惯性D. 乒乓球可快速抽杀，是因为乒乓球惯性小2.如图所示，一螺线管通电时，其右侧中轴线上A、B两点的磁感应强度分别为B A、B B，则()A. B A>B B，方向均向左B. B A<B B，方向均向左C. B A>B B，方向均向右D. B A<B B，方向均向右3.如图所示，水平力F作用于A物体，A、B两物体都处于静止状态，下列说法正确的是()A. 物体A所受支持力大于A的重力B. 物体A所受合力为零C. 物体A所受摩擦力方向向左D. 物体B所受合力为F4.关于物体做匀速圆周运动的向心加速度，下列说法中正确的是()A. 匀速圆周运动中的向心加速度恒定不变B. 向心加速度是描述线速度方向变化快慢的物理量C. 由a=v2可知，线速度越大的物体，其向心加速度也越大rD. 由α=ω2r可知，角速度越大的物体，其向心加速度也越大5.质量为50kg的某同学站在观光电梯底板上，利用速度传感器记录观光电梯在某一段时间内速度变化的v−t图象(向上为正方向).根据图象可以判断()A. 0～5s内，观光电梯在加速上升，该同学处于失重状态B. 10s～20s内，观光电梯在减速上升，该同学处于超重状态C. 0−20s内，该同学的平均速度为1.25m/sD. 0−5s内，该同学的机械能增加了2500J6.如图是两个共点力的合力F跟两个分力的夹角θ的关系图象，下面的分析中正确的是()A. F的取值范围是2N≤F≤10NB. F的取值范围是4 N≤F≤14NC. 两个分力分别是6 N和8 ND. 两个分力分别是2 N和10 N7.关于振动和波的关系，下列说法正确的是()A. 发声体在振动时，一定会产生声波B. 如果波源停止振动，在介质中传播的波也立即停止C. 波动的过程是介质质点由近及远的传播过程D. 波动的过程是质点的振动形式及能量由近及远的传播过程8.如图甲所示，R为电阻箱，电流表为理想电表，电源电动势为E，内阻为r.图乙为电源的输出功率P与电流表示数I的关系图象，其中功率P0分别对应电流I1、I2，对应外电阻R1、R2.下列说法中正确的是()A. I1+I2>Er B. I1+I2=ErC. R1r>rR2D. R1r<rR29.当物体克服重力做功时，物体的()A. 重力势能一定增加，动能一定减小B. 重力势能一定减小，动能一定增加C. 重力势能不一定增加，动能一定增加D. 重力势能一定增加，动能不一定减小10.电场中有A、B两点，A点的电势φA=30V，B点的电势φB=10V，一个电子从B点运动到A点的过程中，下面几种说法中正确的是()A. 静电力对电子做功20eV，电子的电势能减少了20eVB. 电子克服静电力做功20eV，电子的电势能增加了20eVC. 静电力对电子做功20eV，电子的电势能增加了20eVD. 电子克服静电子做功20eV，电子的电势能减少了20eV11.下列物理量对应的单位正确的是()A. 角速度：m/sB. 重力势能：WC. 电阻率：ΩD. 电动势：V12.物体在竖直平面内运动，它的动能随时间变化的关系如图所示，则下列说法正确的是()A. 物体的初动能为零B. 0～t1时间内物体可能做减速运动C. t1～t2时间物体一定做匀速线运动D. 0～t2时间内物体可能一直在做变速运动二、填空题（本大题共3小题，共12.0分）13.在探究加速度与质量的关系的实验中：(1)当作用力一定时，测得小车在不同质量下运动的加速度，如表所示：a/m⋅s−20.50.250.1670.1250.1m/kg0.20.40.60.8 1.01/kg−1______ ______ ______ ______ ______m图线．填写完表格，并在图中画出a−1m(2)根据以上实验图线分析，你可以归纳得到的结论是：______ ．14.如图所示，质量m=3kg的物体静止在光滑的水平地面上，现用F=9N的向右的水平拉力作用在物体上，则物体加速度的大小为______m/s2，5s末的速度大小为______m/s．15.某物体在地球表面上受到地球对它的引力为800N，为使此物体受到的引力减至50N，物体距地面的高度为______R。
2021年上海市杨浦区高三一模语文试题(答案详解)
【最新】上海市杨浦区高三一模语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、现代文阅读阅读下文，完成下面小题。
两种美（有删节）朱光潜①自然界有两种美：老鹰古松是一种，娇莺嫩柳又是一种。
倘若你细心体会，凡是配用“美”字形容的事物，不属于老鹰古松的一类，就属于娇莺嫩柳的一类，否则就是两类的混和。
有两句诗说：“骏马秋风冀北，杏花春雨江南。
”这两句诗每句都只提起三个状貌，可以象征一切美。
你遇到任何美的事物，都可以拿它们做标准来分类。
比如说峻崖，悬瀑，狂风，暴雨，沉寂的夜或是无垠的沙漠，垓下哀歌的项羽或是床头捉刀的曹操，你可以说这是“骏马秋风冀北”的美；比如说清风，皓月，暗香，疏影，青螺似的山光，媚眼似的湖水，葬花的林黛玉，你可以说这是“杏花春雨江南”的美。
②我说“骏马秋风冀北”时，你会想到“雄浑”，“劲健”，我说“杏花春雨江南”时，你会想到“秀丽”，“纤浓”；前者是“气概”，后者是“神韵”；前者是刚性美；后者是柔性美。
在同一种艺术之中也有刚柔之别。
如音乐，贝多芬的第三合奏曲和《热情曲》固然像狂风暴雨，极沉雄悲壮之致，而《月光曲》和第六合奏曲则温柔委婉，如悲如诉。
③艺术是自然和人生的返照，创作家往往因性格的偏向，而作品也因而刚或柔。
米开朗琪罗在性格上和艺术上都是刚性美的极端的代表。
你看他的《摩西》！火焰有比他的目光更烈的么？钢铁有比他的须髯更硬的么？你看他的《大卫》！他那副脑里怕藏着比亚力山大的更惊心动魄的雄图吧？他那只庞大的右臂迟一会儿怕要拔起喜马拉雅山去撞碎哪一个星球吧？亚当是上帝首创的人，可是要结识世界第一个理想的伟男子，你须得到罗马西斯丁教寺的顶壁上去物色，这一幅大气磅礴的创世纪记，没有一个面孔不露着超人的意志，没有一条筋肉不鼓出海格立斯的气力。
④达，芬奇恰好替米开朗琪罗做一个反衬。
《蒙娜·丽莎》那庄重中寓着妩媚的眼，那轻盈而神秘的笑，那丰润而灵活的手，艺术家们已摸索了不知几许年代，到达·芬奇才算寻出，这是多么大的一个成功！米开朗琪罗画“夏娃”‘和“圣母”，像他画“亚当”一样，都是用他雕“大卫”和“摩西”的那一副手腕，始终脱不去那种峥嵘巍峨的气象。
2021年上海杨浦区初三一模语文试题(附答案)
2021年上海杨浦区初三一模语文试题(附答案)2021年杨浦区初三一模语文试题一、文言文阅读（共40分）（一）默写（15分）1、昨夜江边春水生，。
（《观书有感（其二）》）2、，五十弦翻塞外声。
（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》）3、，雪尽马蹄轻。
（《观猎》）4、六十而耳顺，，。
（《孔孟论学》）5、若夫日出而林霏开，。
（《醉翁亭记》）（二）阅读下面的词，完成6-7题（4分）江城子〃密州出猎（宋）苏轼老夫聊发少年狂。
左牵黄，右擎苍。
锦帽貂裘，千骑卷平冈。
为报倾城随太守，亲射虎，看孙郎。
酒酣胸胆尚开张。
鬓微霜，又何妨？持节云中，何日遣冯唐？会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼。
6、词中的“卷”字，既写出了出猎场面的，更表现了出猎者的精神面貌。
（2分）7、下列对这首词理解恰当的一项是（）（2分）A．本词开篇“聊”“狂”两字，虽隐有怨愤之情，但更多见作者豪迈气概。
B．本词中词人以孙权、冯唐自比，表达了期盼得到朝廷重用的强烈愿望。
C. 本词结句卒章显志，传神描绘了作者驰骋于沙场，为国杀敌的英雄形象。
D. 本词表面写的是一次秋猎，实则表达了词人报效国家的志向和豪迈气概。
（三）阅读下文完成8-10题（9分）黔之驴①黔无驴，有好事者船载以入。
至则无可用，放之山下。
虎见之，庞然大物也，以为神，蔽林间窥之。
稍出近之，慭慭然莫相知。
②他日，驴一鸣，虎大骇，远遁；以为且噬己也，甚恐。
然往来视之，觉无异能者；益习其声，又近出前后，终不敢搏。
稍近，益狎，荡倚冲冒。
驴不胜怒，蹄之。
虎因喜，计之曰：“技止此耳！”因跳踉大?，断其喉，尽其肉，乃去。
8、本文作者是代著名文学家。
（2分）9、用现代汉语翻译下面的句子（3分）稍出近之，慭慭然莫相知。
10、下列对文章内容的理解错误的一项是（）A.第①段交代了黔之驴的由来及虎初见驴时的反应。
B.第②段描绘了虎惧驴、察驴、戏驴、吃驴的经过。
C.标题直指写作意图，讽刺了外强中干的上层人物。
D.本文启示我们要有真才实学，否则必将陷入困境。
2021年上海市杨浦区初中物理一模试题及答案
2021年上海市杨浦区初中物理一模试题及答案杨浦区2021学年度第一学期期末质量调研初三物理练习卷（完卷时间： 90分钟满分：100分） 2021.1考生注意：1．答题时，考生务必按要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸，本试卷上答题一律无效； 2．第四大题计算题必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算的主要步骤。
一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1．在下列生活和生产实例中，与连通器原理无关的是（）A 茶壶B 液位计C 注射器D 船闸 2．在家庭电路中，与电灯串联连接的是A 电键B 电脑C 电话 D电视机3．在实验室里学生实验所用的小灯泡，正常发光时的电流约为（） A 0.03安 B 0.3安C 3安D 30安4．如图1所示，一个装满水的饮料瓶，正放在水平桌面上时，瓶底对桌面的压力为Fa，压强为pa，倒放在水平桌面上时，瓶盖对桌面的压力为Fb，压强为pb，则（）A Fa ＝ Fb pa ＜ p bB Fa ＞ Fb pa ＝ p bC Fa ＝ Fb pa ＝ p bD Fa ＜ Fb pa ＜ p b5．如图2所示，一块长方体橡皮放在水平桌面上，现沿竖直方向向下切去１／4一块，则剩余部分对桌面的压力（）A 可能不变B 一定不变C 一定变小D 可能变大（）6．如图3所示是A、B、C三个体积完全相同的物体静止在水中的情景，从图中可以判断出，受到浮力最大的是（）A Ａ物体B Ｂ物体C Ｃ物体D 浮力相同7．将重为4牛的金属实心小球轻放入盛有水的烧杯中，若溢出水重1牛，则小球所受到浮力的大小（）A 一定为1牛B 可能为3牛C 一定为4牛D 可能为4牛8．甲、乙、丙三个实心正方体分别放在水平地面上，它们对水平地面的压强相等，已知ρ甲＞ρ乙＞ρ丙。
若在甲、乙、丙三个正方体的中央分别施加一个沿竖直方向的同方向的力（所施加力的大小小于正方体的重力），使三个正方体对水平地面的压强仍大小相等，则所施加的力的大小（）A 一定是F甲＜F乙＜F丙C(a) (b)图1图2 图3B一定是F甲=F乙=F丙D可能是F甲＞F乙＞F丙以上情况都有可能第 1 页共 9 页9．在如图4所示的电路中，电源电压保持不变。
上海市杨浦区2021年中考数学一模试卷附答案
中考数学一模试卷一、单选题（共6题；共12分）1.关于抛物线，下列说法中，正确的是（）A. 经过坐标原点B. 顶点是坐标原点C. 有最高点D. 对称轴是直线2.在中，如果，，那么这个三角形一定是（）A. 等腰三角形B. 锐角三角形C. 钝角三角形D. 直角三角形3.如果小丽在楼上点A处看到楼下点B处小明的俯角是35°，那么点B处小明看点A处小丽的仰角是（）A. 35°B. 45°C. 55°D. 65°4.在中，点D、E分别在边、上，下列条件中，能判定的是（）A. B. C. D.5.下列命题中，正确的是（）A. 如果为单位向量，那么B. 如果、都是单位向量，那么C. 如果，那么D. 如果，那么6.在梯形中，，对角线与相交于点O，下列说法中，错误的是（）A. B. C. D.二、填空题（共12题；共12分）7.计算：________．8.已知抛物线的开口向上，那么a的取值范围是________．9.如果小明沿着坡度为的山坡向上走了130米，那么他的高度上升了________米．10.已知线段的长为4厘米，点P是线段AB的黄金分割点（），那么线段的长是________厘米．11.抛物线y＝x2﹣4x+3与x轴交于A、B，与y轴交于C，则△ABC的面积＝________．12.已知抛物线，把该抛物线向上或向下平移，如果平移后的抛物线经过点，那么平移后的抛物线的表达式是________．13.一位运动员投掷铅球，如果铅球运行时离地面高度为y（米）关于水平距离x（米）的函数解析式为，那么铅球运动过程中最高点离地面的距离为________m．14.如图，已知在平行四边形中，点E在边上，，联结交对角线于点O，那么的值为________．15.如图，已知在中，，点G是的重心，，，那么________．16.如图，已知在中，，，，正方形的顶点G、F分别在边、上，点D、E在斜边上，那么正方形的边长为________．17.新定义：有一组对角互余的凸四边形称为对余四边形.如图，已知在对余四边形中，，，，，那么边的长为________．18.如图，已知在△ABC中，∠B=45º，∠C=60º，将△ABC绕点A旋转，点B、C分别落在点B1、C1处，如果BB1//AC，联结C1B1交边AB于点D，那么的值为________．三、解答题（共7题；共66分）19.计算：．20.已知一个二次函数的图像经过点、、．（1）求这个函数的解析式及对称轴；（2）如果点、在这个二次函数图像上，且，那么________ ．（填“<”或者“>”）21.如图，已知在中，点D、E分别在边、上，，点M为边上一点，，联结交于点N．（1）求的值；（2）设，，如果，请用向量、表示向量．22.如图，为了测量河宽，在河的一边沿岸选取B、C两点，对岸岸边有一块石头A，在中，测得，，米，求河宽（即点A到边的距离）（结果精确到0.1米）．（参考数据：，，，）23.已知：如图，在梯形中，，对角线、相交于点E，过点A作，交对角线于点F．（1）求证：；（2）如果，求证：线段是线段、的比例中项．24.已知在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线与y轴交于点B，与x轴交于点C、D（点C在点D左侧），顶点A在第一象限，异于顶点A的点在该抛物线上．（1）如果点P与点C重合，求线段的长；（2）如果抛物线经过原点，点Q是抛物线上一点，，求点Q的坐标；（3）如果直线与x轴的负半轴相交，求m的取值范围．25.如图，已知在中，，，点D为边上一动点（与点B、C不重合），点E为边上一点，，过点E作，垂足为点G，交射线于点F．（1）如果点D为边的中点，求的正切值；（2）当点F在边上时，设，，求y关于x的函数解析式及定义域；（3）联结如果与相似，求线段的长．答案解析部分一、单选题1.【解析】【解答】解：，二次项前面的系数大于0，抛物线开口向上，有最低点，当x=0时，y=0，抛物线经过坐标原点，，抛物线的对称轴为直线，顶点坐标为，综上所述，B、C、D选项均不符合题意，只有A选项符合题意．故答案为：A．【分析】本题根据二次函数的性质直接判断即可得出符合题意结果．2.【解析】【解答】∵，，∴∠A＝30°，∠B＝60°，∴∠A＋∠B＝90°，∴这个三角形一定是直角三角形，故答案为：D．【分析】根据特殊的三角函数值可知，∠A＝30°，∠B＝60°，即可判断三角形的形状．3.【解析】【解答】解：根据两点之间的仰角与俯角构成的两条水平线夹角的内错角相等，可知，点B处小明看点A处小丽的仰角是35°，故答案为：A．【分析】根据两点之间的仰角与俯角构成的两条水平线夹角的内错角相等，即可得出答案．4.【解析】【解答】A、,可证明DE∥BC,故本选项符合题意；B、,不可证明DE∥BC,故本选项不符合题意；C、,不可证明DE∥BC,故本选项不符合题意；D、不可证明DE∥BC,故本选项不符合题意．故答案为：A．【分析】根据对应线段成比例，两直线平行，可得出答案．5.【解析】【解答】A、如果为单位向量，则有，但不等于1，所以，故不符合题意；B、长度等于1的向量是单位向量，故不符合题意；C、如果，那么，故符合题意；D、表示这两个向量长度相等，而表示的是长度相等，方向也相同的两个向量，故不符合题意；故答案为：C．【分析】根据向量的定义和要素可直接进行排除选项．6.【解析】【解答】解：如图所示：∵AD∥BC，∴△AOD∽△COB，，，故D不符合题意，∴，∴，故C符合题意；∵，∴，A不符合题意；∴，即，故B不符合题意；故答案为：C．【分析】根据相似三角形的性质及等积法可直接进行排除选项．二、填空题7.【解析】【解答】解：；故答案为：．【分析】根据向量的线性运算可直接进行求解．8.【解析】【解答】解：由抛物线的开口向上，可得：，解得：；故答案为：．【分析】根据二次函数的图像与性质可直接进行求解．9.【解析】【解答】解：设高度上升了h，则水平前进了2.4h，由勾股定理得：，解得h=50．故答案为50．【分析】设高度上升了h，则水平前进了2.4h，然后根据勾股定理解答即可．10.【解析】【解答】解：点P是线段AB的黄金分割点（），，可知（厘米），（厘米）故答案为：．【分析】根据黄金比值可知，计算得出结果即可．11.【解析】【解答】解：y＝0时，0＝x2﹣4x+3，解得x1＝3，x2＝1∴线段AB的长为2，∵与y轴交点C（0，3），∴以AB为底的△ABC的高为3，∴S△ABC＝×2×3＝3，故答案为：3．【分析】先根据题意求出AB的长。
2021上海市杨浦区初三语文一模试卷及答案
杨浦区2021年度初三语文一模试题2021-1 (满分：150分，完成时间：100分钟，在答题纸上完成) 考生注意：一、本卷共28题。
二、请将所有答案做在答题纸的指定位置上，做在试卷上一概不计分。
一、文言文（39分）（一）默写（15分）一、昔时万里觅封侯，。
（《诉衷情》）二、，五十弦翻塞外声。
（破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄》）3、，带月荷锄归。
（《归田园居》）4、舜发于畎亩当中，。
（《生于忧患，死于安乐》）5、盖一岁之犯死者二焉。
（《捕蛇者说》）（二）阅读下面的词，完成第6-7题。
（4分）【甲】蝶恋花柳永伫倚危楼风细细。
望极春愁，黯黯生天际。
草色烟光残照里。
无言谁会凭阑意。
拟把疏狂图一醉。
对酒当歌，强乐还无味。
衣带渐宽终不悔。
为伊消得人憔悴。
【乙】四块玉·别情关汉卿自送别，心难舍，一点相思几时绝？凭栏袖拂杨花雪，溪又斜，山又遮，人去也。
六、以上两首词曲，都表达了主人公的情感。
（2分）7、下面对两首词曲的理解不得当的一项是（）（2分）A、两首词曲都景中含情，包含了词人的愁绪。
B、两首词曲都借春景抒发了主人公心里的感受。
C、两首词曲都先绘景后抒情，做到了情景融合。
D、两首词曲都描摹了凭栏远眺的主人公的形象。
（三）阅读下文，完成8—10题。
（8分）……“无或乎王之不智也。
虽有天下易生之物也，一日暴之，十日寒之，未有能生者也。
吾见亦罕矣，吾退而寒之者至矣，吾如有萌焉何哉？今夫弈之为数，小数也；不专心致志。
则不得也。
弈秋，通国之善奕者也。
使弈秋诲二人奕，其一人专心致志，惟弈秋之为听。
一人虽听之，一心以为有鸿鹄将至，思援弓缴而射之，虽与之俱学，弗若之矣，为是其智弗若与？曰：非然也。
”八、选文的作者是，他是时期的思想家。
（2分）九、用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。
（3分）一日暴之，十日寒之，未有能生者也。
10、选文设喻说理，告知咱们深刻的道理，下列观点不是出自选文的一项是（）（3分）A、为人处世贵在向善有恒，半途而废必将远善失道。
上海市杨浦区2021届新高考物理一模考试卷含解析
上海市杨浦区2021届新高考物理一模考试卷一、单项选择题：本题共6小题，每小题5分，共30分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的1．某静电场中x轴上各点电势分布图如图所示。
一带电粒子在坐标原点O处由静止释放，仅在电场力作用下沿x轴正方向运动。
下列说法正确的是A．粒子一定带负电B．粒子在x1处受到的电场力最大C．粒子从原点运动到x1过程中，电势能增大D．粒子能够运动到x2处【答案】A【解析】【分析】由题中“一带电粒子在坐标原点O处由静止释放”可知本题考查带电粒子在非匀强电场中的运动，根据图像和电势变化可分析本题。
【详解】A．由于从坐标原点沿x轴正方向电势先升高后降低，因此电场方向先向左后向右，由于带电粒子在坐标原点静止释放，沿x轴正方向运动，由此可知粒子带负电，故A正确；B．由图可知，图像斜率即为电场强度，在x1处斜率为零，因此电场强度最小，电场力也最小，故B错误；C．从开始运动到x1处，电场力做正功，电势能减小，故C错误；D．由于粒子只在电场力的作用下运动，当运动到与开始时电势相等的位置，粒子速度为零，不能到达x2处，故D错误。
2．我国建立在北纬43°的内蒙古赤峰草原天文观测站在金鸽牧场揭牌并投入使用，该天文观测站应用了先进的天文望远镜．现有一颗绕地球做匀速圆周运动的卫星，一位观测员在对该卫星的天文观测时发现：每天晚上相同时刻总能出现在天空正上方同一位置，则卫星的轨道必须满足下列哪些条件（已知地球质量为M，地球自转的周期为T，地球半径为R，引力常量为G ）（）A．该卫星一定在同步卫星轨道上B．卫星轨道平面与地球北纬43°线所确定的平面共面C．满足轨道半径23224GMTnn=1、2、3…）的全部轨道都可以D ．满足轨道半径r=23224GMT nπ（n=1、2、3…）的部分轨道 【答案】D【解析】该卫星一定不是同步卫星，因为同步地球卫星只能定点于赤道的正上方，故A 错误．卫星的轨道平面必须过地心，不可能与地球北纬43°线所确定的平面共面，故B 错误．卫星的周期可能为：T′= Tn，n=1、2、3…，根据2224Mm G m r r T π='解得：23224GMT r nπ=（n=1、2、3…），满足这个表达式的部分轨道即可，故C 错误，D 正确．故选D ．点睛：解决该题关键要掌握卫星受到的万有引力提供圆周运动向心力，知道卫星的运行轨道必过地心，知道同步卫星的特点．3．竖直向上抛出一个小球，图示为小球向上做匀变速直线运动时的频闪照片，频闪仪每隔0.05s 闪光一次，测出ac 长为23cm ，af 长为34cm ，则下列说法正确的是（ ）A ．bc 长为13cmB ．df 长为7cmC ．小球的加速度大小为12m/s 2D ．小球通过d 点的速度大小为2.2m/s【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】C ．根据题意可知，cf 长为11cm ，则根据匀变速直线运动的位移差公式可得22212m/s (2)(2)x ac cf a T T ∆-=== 其中0.05s T =所以C 正确；D ．匀变速直线运动中，某段的平均速度等于这一段中间时刻的瞬时速度，则d 点的速度为1.1m/s 2d cf v T == 所以D 错误；B ．根据匀变速直线运动的位移公式得214cm 2d df v T aT =-= 所以B 错误；A ．同理可得b 点的速度为2.3m/s 2b ac v T== 则 2110cm 2b bc v T aT =-= 所以A 错误。
2021年上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析
2021年上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThe following 4 famous paintings, from Jan van Eyck’s portrait to Pablo Picasso’s masterpiece, have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eyck’s Arnolfini Portrait, an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery,London. This painting is as visually interesting as it is famed. It is also an informative document on fifteenth-century society, through van Eyck’s heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business, wives concerned themselves with domestic duties.The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, oil on canvas, a moderately abstract landscape painting of an expressive night sky over a small hillside village, during his 12-month stay at the mental hospital nearSaint-Remy-de-Provence,Francebetween 1889 and 1890. When theMuseumofModern ArtinNew York Citypurchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known, but it has since become one of van Gogh's most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565. It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of August and September. Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art collector fromAntwerp, commissioned this painting. The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art inNew York Citysince 1919.GuernicaGuernica,a large black-and-white oil painting, was painted by the Cubist Spanish painter, Pablo Picasso in 1937. The title ‘Guernica’ refers to the city that was bombed by Nazi planes during the Spanish Civil War. The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result, has come to be an anti-war symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war. Today, the painting is housed at the Museo National Centro de Arte ReinaSofiainMadrid.1. What do the four paintings have in common?A. They are oil paintings.B. They are kept inNew York.C. They show different people’s lives.D. They are created during 10th century to 19th century.2. What do we know about The Starry Night?A. It shows the scenery of a small hillside village.B. Van Gogh produced it when living in his home.C. A private collector gave it away to the museum.D. It was not famous before 1941.3. Whose painting shows the destruction of war?A. Jan van Eyck.B. Vincent van Gogh.C. Pieter Bruegel.D. Pablo Picasso.BSummer heat can be dangerous, and heat leads to tragedy far toooften. According to kidsandcars, org, an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US, when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle.For Bishop Curry, a fifth grader from Mckinney, Texas, one such incident hit close to home. A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car. After hearing about her death, Curry decided that something needed to be done. Young Curry, who turned 11 this year, has always had a knack for inventing things, and he drew up a sketch (草图) of a device he called “Oasis.”The device would attach to carseats and watch the temperature inside the car. If it reached a certain temperature in the car, and the device sensed a child in the carseat, it would begin to circulate cool air. Curry alsodesigns the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology, which would alarm the child’s parents and, if there was no response from them, the police.Curry’s father believes that the invention has potential. “The cool thing about Bishop’s thinking is none of this technology is new,” he said. “We feel like the way he’s thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster.” His father even introduced the device to Toyota, where he works as an engineer. The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan.In January, Curry’s father launched a campaign for the invention. They hope to raise money to finalize the patent, build models, and find a manufacturer. Their goal was $20,000, but so many people believed in Oasis’ potential that they have raised more than twice that — over $46,000.Curry’s father remembers the first time he saw his son’s sketch. “I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution,” he said. “We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions.”4. What inspired Curry to invent Oasis?A. His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car.B. His knowledge of many children’s death because of car heat.C. The death of his neighbor’s baby after being left in a hot car.D. The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident.5. What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child?A. It would inform the parents or even the police.B. It would pump out the hot air in the car.C. It would sound the alarm attached to the car.D. It would get the window open to save the child.6. What does Curry’s father think is cool about Curry’s invention?A. It used some of the most advanced technology.B. It simply combined technologies that existed.C. It could accelerate production of new technology.D. It is the most advanced among similar products.7. Why did Curry’s father start a campaign to raise money?A. To conduct experiments to test the invention.B. To get other children devoted to inventions.C. To support a charity of medical aid for children.D. To get the patent and bring it to production.CDolores Huerta has worked hard most of her life to help other people. She has helped change things so that others can have a better life.Dolores grew up in California. She was a good student and liked school. After she finished high school, she went to college and studied to be a teacher. After college, she became a teacher. Dolores noticed that many of her students were not getting enough food to eat. Some of them wore very old clothes. Dolores wondered how she could help them.Dolores liked teaching but she decided to quit her job so that she could spend more time helping her students and their families. One thing she wanted to do was to get more pay for their parents, farm workers. Thus they could buy their children what they needed.Dolores knew that many farm workers moved often from one place to another to help pick different kinds offruits and vegetables, like grapes and tomatoes. She began talking and writing about these workers. Even people who lived far from California read what Dolores wrote. Getting higher pay for the farm workers was not easy. Dolores worked hard to make sure that farm workers got fair pay for their work. She knew that nothing would change unless new laws were made to help the workers. Through all her hard work, new laws were passed that gave farm workers fair pay.Dolores Huerta has worked for more than 30 years in many different ways to make life better for working people. She has shown how much one person can change things.8. What did Dolores find about her students?A. They worked hard to make a living.B. They lived far away from schools.C. They had little time to play.D. They were hungry sometimes.9. Why did Dolores stop teaching?A. She wished to be a lawyer.B. She moved to another place.C. She wanted to help her students more.D. She got little money by teaching.10. Thanks to Dolores’ great effort, the farm workers ________.A. got better jobsB. got fair payC. had more time offD. had a settled way of life11. What is the main idea of the passage?A. One person can make big changes.B. One can change their jobs often.C. One person can work hard for others.D. One can make life better by themselves.DTwo years ago, I decided to study at theUniversityofSt. Edwardsin the city ofAustin,Texas. When I was on my research to find the perfect place to study in, I considered many aspects: a safe place, a city where there were companies devoted to marketing or technology, a place where speaking Spanish and English was an advantage and a school where I could learn about digital strategies (数字策略). After comparing and evaluating many cities and universities. I finally decided onAustin.Since I arrived inAustin,Texas. I had been living inside the university where I had a private room and shared common areas with more students. University life was not very different from the life inMexicoand classes weresemblableand the way of socializing too. However, in theUnited States, the classes were more practical andteachers encouraged you to be self-responsible and complete your tasks.The classes that I was taking were related to social media, digital marketing and advertising. I was very excited to be able to study technology-related courses.What I liked most about the experience was being able to live with students from many places, which allowed me to learn from other cultures and to share mine with other students. Also, international student services usually organized events and tours that helped me to get to know the city and the school.I certainly think that studying abroad is a beneficial experience. It makes us capable of understanding cultural differences and accepting diversity. Personally, I would suggest that you first determine what your goals are by going abroad, research the opportunities and lifestyle, evaluate your universities,and finally decide on the one where you feel more comfortable, connecting with your values and way of seeing life.12. Which of the following can best describe the author according to paragraph 1？A. Casual.B. Cautious.C. Changeable.D. Adventurous.13.What does the underlined word “semblable” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Worthwhile.B. Practical.C. Same.D. Similar.14. What made the author most pleased?A. Speaking Spanish and English inAustin,Texas.B. Working as a designer in a technology company.C. Having a chance to learn about different cultures.D. Organizing many events and tours independently.15. What are the students who intend to study abroad advised to do?A. Be careful to choose the university to study in.B. Set no limits on theiracademic performances.C. Study where they're familiar with everything.D. Adjust personal lifestyles for the university.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年上海市杨浦区高考物理一模试卷(附答案详解)
2021年上海市杨浦区高考物理一模试卷1.牛顿第一定律是()A. 直接通过理论推导得到的B. 实验定律，可以通过实验来验证C. 描述惯性大小的，又叫惯性定律D. 以实验为基础，通过推理、想象总结出来的2.如图，a、c是通电螺线管轴线上的两点，b、d是通电螺线管中垂线上、关于轴线对称的两点，其中()A. a点磁感应强度最大B. b、d两点磁感应强度相同C. b、c两点磁感应强度方向相同D. a、c两点磁感应强度方向相反3.如图，一个物体在水平推力F的作用下静止在粗糙斜面上，该物体受到的力的个数是()A. 2个或3个B. 2个或4个C. 3个或4个D. 4个或5个4.物体做下列运动时，加速度和速度方向的关系表述正确的是()A. 简谐运动中加速度与速度始终同向B. 竖直上抛运动中加速度与速度始终同向C. 匀速圆周运动中加速度方向与速度方向始终垂直D. 自由落体运动中加速度与速度方向可以相同、也可以相反5.质量为m的砝码挂于弹簧下端，当弹簧处于原长时将砝码由静止释放，弹簧始终在弹性限度内，不计空气阻力。
重力加速度为g。
当砝码下降到最低点时(未到地面)()A. 砝码在最低点时弹簧拉力大小为mgB. 下降过程中砝码始终处于失重状态C. 下降到最低点时砝码的加速度大于gD. 下降过程中砝码克服弹簧弹力做的功等于砝码机械能的减少量6.已知两个共点力F1、F2的合力F大小为10N，F1的大小为6N。
F2的方向与合力F的方向的夹角为θ，则θ的值可能为()A. 30°B. 45°C. 60°D. 90°7.如图，在观察水面波的衍射的实验装置中，AC和BD是两块挡板，AB是一个小孔，O是波源。
图中已画出波源所在区域波的传播情况，每两条相邻波纹(图中曲线)之间距离等于一个波长，则关于波经过孔之后的传播情况，下列表述中正确的是()A. 不能观察到波的衍射现象B. 挡板前后波纹间距离相等C. 如果将孔AB扩大，能观察到更明显的衍射现象D. 如果孔的大小不变，使波源频率增大，能观察到更明显的衍射现象8.如图，电路中电源电动势E恒定，内阻不计。
上海市杨浦区2021届高三期末考试(一模)英语试卷(含答案)
上海市杨浦区2020-2021学年高三第一学期模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2020. 12考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。
2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Professor and student. B. Employer and employee.C. Interviewer and interviewee.D. Salesperson and client.2. A. It was a very special production.B. It was a little disappointing.C. It was full of exciting action.D. It was as exceptional as expected.3. A. He doesn’t like the view.B. He doesn’t trust elevators.C. He is afraid of height.D. He feels isolated on bridges.4. A. This Sunday. B. Next Thursday.C. Next Monday.D. The Monday after next.5. A. The contract contains too many sticky points.B. The budget is limited for the planned project.C. Neither side is willing to initiate the project.D. The two sides can’t agree on the budget.6. A. Sorry. B. Puzzled. C. Impatient. D. Angry.7. A. It was seriously damaged. B. It was badly flooded.C. It crashed on a bridge.D. It was beyond repair.8. A. Make one cake at a time.B. Follow the step-by-step guide.C. Ignore the complicated procedure.D. Memorize the instructions.9. A. He will go to a gym after work.B. He is unlikely to exercise regularly.C. He is not allowed to exercise in the office.D. He will definitely change his schedule.10. A. Jason deserves to be punished.B. Jason has lost control of the situation.C. Jason is sure to accomplish the assignment.D. Jason needs to improve his performance.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To make it stand out among the exhibits.B. To give the impression of discolouration.C. To make it look like the original piece.D. To showcase the artistic style of the artist.12. A. It was sold for a record one million pounds.B. It was restored to its original state.C. It was partially damaged by accident.D. It was thrown away on purpose.13. A. Accidents caused by lack of security in museums.B. Impacts of damaged artworks on the public.C. Challenges of guarding the artworks in museums.D. Incidents of artworks falling victim to human errors.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Launching an anti-smoking campaign.B. Presenting three health related videos.C. Introducing a public service video.D. Proposing ideas for the video content.15. A. He smokes three cigarettes before getting to school.B. He tends to avoid sports both in and out of school.C. He smokes secretively when he can’t concentrate.D. His parents have stopped giving him pocket money.16. A. It emphasizes the value of physical activities.B. It has a question in the end to arouse interest.C. It follows the daily lives of a group of teenagers.D. It shows the effects of smoking on a teenager. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. To make a huge profit.B. To build a customer base.C. To attract new investors.D. To defeat old brands.18. A. Organizing contests in the stores.B. Inviting celebrities to hand out free samples.C. Introducing it on the official website.D. Featuring it on some TV channels.19. A. Exposure on another brand’s website is impractical.B. Offline promotions are forbidden these days.C. Doing so doesn’t require a huge investment.D. Social media presence is vital for promotion.20. A. The pricing and marketing strategies.B. The company’s development obstacles.C. The action plan of setting a reasonable price.D. The factors in expanding the market.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Causes of and Solutions to Frugal Fatigue （节俭疲劳症）Have you ever attempted to save money to such a degree that you are not enjoying your life anymore? If so, you could be suffering from frugal fatigue. Simply (21) _________ (put), frugal fatigue refers to being sick and tired of attempting to save every penny that you earn. When you are determined to prioritize your savings, it can be initially (22) ________ (tempt) to cut out every single luxury item from your budget. However, the problem with this strategy is that in the long run, you may experience burnout from allowing yourself no luxuries whatsoever.Frugal fatigue can be compared to extreme dieting. Someone attempting to diet in order to lose weight (23) ________ decide to give up all treats such as chocolate, cakes, and alcohol, (24) ________ of which presents health risks if consumed in moderation. (25) _________ months of eating nothing but vegetables and snacking on fruits alone, it would be no surprise if one became fed up with dieting. What tends to happen in the cases of frugal fatigue is that the individual in question suddenly reaches a breaking point (26) ________ he goes on a spending spree（狂欢）to get relief. This causes them to lose all the savings that they (27) ________ (store) up thus far, and then they suffer from financial anxiety again.So, how does one prevent frugal fatigue? One method is to avoid adopting an all-or -nothing attitude. (28) _________ (plan) a careful budget that not only enables you to save money but also allows you the occasional luxury purchase. This way, you will not feel (29) ________ ________you are robbing yourself of all treats. Another effective strategy is to establish realistic goals for saving. Try to break up your financial goals into manageable milestones. Be sure to keep very clear reasons in mind for （30）________ you are saving, whether it’s for a vacation or a retirement fund. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ancient Civilizations Had Game Nights Too!Morten Ramstad, a researcher at the University of Bergen, Norway, and his team spotted one of the rare objects while unearthing the remains of an Early Iron Age (400-300 BC) burial site in Western Norway. Burying loved ones with basic necessities like ceramic pots and clothing, to ensure their (31) _______ in the afterlife, was a fairly common tradition in ancient cultures. However, the families of some lucky individuals went a step further by (32) ________ a board game for entertainment.Though the game board was (33) ________, the archeologists, who revealed their findings on April 5, 2020, managed to recover the dice（骰子）and 18 circular game pieces. Unlike the modern-day cubical（立体的）dice, which are (34) _______ with a different number of dots from one to six on each face, the ancient game counter was square and had bulls-eye like (35) ________, which indicated zero to five on each of its four faces. The researchers suspect it may have been (36) ________ by the oldest-known board game — the “Game of Mercenaries”. The two-person strategy game, which dates back to the 3rd century BC, was believed to be similar to modern-day chess.The archeologists, who also unearthed remains of pottery jars and a bronze needle at the burial site believe the game pieces indicate the dead was a wealthy individual. In ancient civilizations, board games were a status symbol, signifying the owner’s high social and economic (37) ________. They indicated an individual’s intellectual ability and also proved he/she could afford to spend time on such activities.“These are status objects that bear witness to (38) ________ with the Roman Empire, where they liked to enjoy themselves with board games,” Ramstad said. “People who played games likethis were from the upper class. The game showed that they had the time, profits, and ability to think strategically.”The researchers planned to put the (39) _______ game pieces in a museum as the discovery provides insights into Norway’s social structure during the Early Iron Age and gives some ideas of what tabletop (40) _______ looked like during ancient times, at least for the upper class.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Bad Dreams Are Good!Most of us dream, whether we remember them or not. What are dreams for? A handful of (41) _______ dominate. Sigmund Freud famously maintained that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories, or (42) _______ random neuron（神经元）activity, or prepare responses to threatening situations. Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function, but simply (43) ________ personal concerns.Despite being largely unsupported by (44) _______, Freud’s view maintains a strong following around the world. Researchers found that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to accept better (45) _______ theories. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more (46) _______than an official warning about a terrorist attack. Even if dreams can't foretell the future, they seem to (47) _________ our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep（深度睡眠）cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night.A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics include school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. For all the commonalities dreams (48) ________, they vary across time and culture — people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white. A 1958 study (49) _______ that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being (50) ________dressed or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were morelikely to dream about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed with fear, or “wild, violent beasts.” If human dreams sound (51) _______, bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects.In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand (52) _______ a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported (53) _______ about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didn’t. So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you are unable to answer the questions or solve a problem, don’t (54) ________: It’s probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so you'll be (55) ______ if such an event ever comes to pass.41. A. symptoms B. reviews C. conflicts D. theories42. A. take place of B. make peace with C. make sense of D. come up with43. A. exemplify B. dramatize C. horrify D. recognize44. A. evidence B. information C. qualification D. inquiry45. A. assumed B. connected C. confirmed D. realized46. A. curiosity B. anxiety C. fancy D. reluctance47. A. expect B. endure C. expose D. employ48. A. exhibit B. explain C. supply D. identify49. A. diagnosed B. dismissed C. denied D. determined50. A. unnecessarily B. independently C. inappropriately D. impersonally51. A. puzzling B. exciting C. depressing D. amusing52. A. revealed B. guaranteed C. traced D. involved53. A. grades B. concerns C. dreams D. memories54. A. hesitate B. worry C. pause D. laugh55. A. ready B. eager C. nervous D. curiousSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jonas was careful about language. Not like his friend, Asher, who talked too fast, mixing up words and phrases until they were barely recognizable and often very funny.Jonas smiled, remembering the morning that Asher had dashed into the classroom, late as usual, arriving breathlessly in the middle of the chanting of the morning anthem（国歌）. When the class took their seats at the conclusion of the patriotic song, Asher remained standing to make his public apology as was required.“I apologize for inconveniencing my learning community.” Asher ran through the standard apology phrase rapidly, still catching his breath. The Instructor and class waited patiently for his explanation.“I left home at the correct time but when I was riding along near the pool, the crew was separating some salmon. I guess I just got distraught, watching them.”“I apologize to my classmates,” Asher concluded. He smoothed his messy collar and sat down.“We accept your apology, Asher.” The class recited the standard response in unison. Many of the students were biting their lips to keep from laughing.“I accept your apology, Asher,” the Instructor said. He was smiling. “And I thank you, because once again you have provided an opportunity for a lesson in language. ‘Distraught’ is too strong an adjective to describe salmon viewing.” He turned and wrote “distraught” on the instructional board. Beside it he wrote “distracted.”Jonas, nearing his home now, smiled at the recollection.Thinking, still, as he wheeled his bike into its narrow port beside the door, he realized that frightened was the wrong word to describe his feelings, now that December was almost here. It was too strong an adjective.He had waited a long time for this special December, when the Ceremony of the Twelve will be held and the future assignment will be announced by the Elders in the committee.Now that it was almost upon him, he wasn’t frightened, but he was... eager, he decided. He was eager for it to come. And he was excited, certainly. All of the Elevens were excited about the event that would be coming so soon. But there was a little tremble of nervousness when he thought about it, about what might happen.Anxious, Jonas decided. That’s what I am.56. Asher arrived at the school _________.A. as soon as the students concluded the national anthemB. after all the other students had taken their seatsC. when the Instructor had begun the language lessonD. when students had started singing the patriotic song57. Why did the Instructor write the word “distraught” on the board?A. To show he accepted the apology.B. To explain the confusing words.C. To warn students against using it.D. To shame Asher for using the wrong word.58.Jonas recalled what happened to Asher because ________.A. he found himself struggling to describe his feelings preciselyB. he was certain that he would make the same mistake as Asher didC. he was reminded to use the appropriate language for the ceremonyD. he finally understood how Asher was feeling that morning59. The text is probably extracted from ________.A. a science fiction novelB. a journal of applied linguisticsC. a documentary about campus lifeD. a manual for using language correctly（B）60．What does Planting for Progress appeal do for the struggling farmers？A. It trains farmers to research new varieties of seeds.B. It uses green technology to ensure water supply.C. It transforms the soil to prevent failed harvest.Three years of drought in Zimbabwe have left fields too dry to grow crops. Poor rural farmers are desperate to feed their hungry children. They rely on emergency food aid to survive - just enough food for one meal a day.Solar gardens help families thriveYour gift to Practical Action today will help us work with struggling farming families in two of the poorest regions of Zimbabwe: Bulilima and Gwanda. You'll help provide a life changing solution so farmers can grow plenty to feed their families, making hunger and poverty a thing of the past. With your help, these small changes can transform lives:Your gift today will provide an innovative solution to end hungerSolar-powered waterpumps to irrigate fieldsall year round, evenduring the drought.Training in specialfarming skills toboost crop yields.Seeds that cangrow in the dryclimate.D. It teaches farmers marketing skills to boost crop sales.61. If Jenny would like to be updated about the work done by Practical Action, she should sendher personal contact information by ________.A. calling 0800 389 1624 in personB. visiting /thriveC. emailingD. mailing to a given address62. The purpose of the leaflet is to ________.A. encourage public donations to charityB. introduce the various charity work doneC. outline procedures of donating to charityD. raise awareness of ending world hunger(C)Identifying the chemical makeup of pigment（色素）used in ancient documents, paintings, and watercolors is critical to restoring and conserving the precious artworks. However, despite numerous efforts, scientists had been unable to determine the source of folium, a popular blue dye used to color manuscripts（手稿）in Europe during the middle ages — from the 5th to the 15th century. Now, a team of researchers from Portugal has finally uncovered the mysterious ingredient responsible for the gorgeous blueish-purple color that helped bring ancient illustrations and texts to life.The research team began by poring over instructions penned by European dye makers from the 12th, 14th, and 15th centuries. They found what they were seeking in a 15th-century text entitled The Book on How to Make All the Color Paints for Illuminating Books. However, translating the instructions was no easy task. It was written in the now extinct Judaeo-Portuguese language, and though the source of the dye was traced back to a plant, no name was mentioned.However, by piecing together suggestions from the text, the scientists were able to determine that the dye was made from the bluish-green berries of the chrozophora tinctoria plant. After an extensive search, the team found a few varieties of the plant growing along the roadside near the town of Monsaraz in south Portugal.The detailed instructions gave the researchers critical clues — including the best time to pick the berries. “You need to squeeze the fruits, being careful not to break the seeds, and then to put them on linen（亚麻）.” The scientist says the detail was important since broken seeds polluted the pigment, producing an inferior quality ink. The dyed linen, which was left to dry, was an efficient way to store and transport the pigment during ancient times. When needed, the artist would simply cut off a piece of the cloth and dip it with water to squeeze out the blue color.Once the key ingredient had been identified, the researc hers began to determine the dye’s molecular structure. To their surprise, they found that folium was not like any other known permanent blue dyes —it was an entirely new class of color, one they named chrozophoridin. “Chrozophoridin was used in ancient times to make a beautiful blue dye for painting.” the team wrote in the study. “Thus, we believe that this will not be our final word on this amazing plant and its story and that further discoveries will follow soon.”63. The primary purpose of the study is to ________.A. restore and conserve ancient precious artworksB. determine the substance making up the foliumC. prove the ancient dye-making technique was organicD. identify which class of color folium belongs to64. The underlined phrase “poring over” in the second paragraph means ________.A. discussing publiclyB. testing repeatedlyC. passing directlyD. reading carefully65. What can be learned about the blue dye folium?A. It was essentially an inferior type of ink.B. It was the only kind made from wild berries.C. It could be carried and used easily.D. It was carefully squeezed from broken seeds.66. The article is mainly about _________.A. how the mystery of a thousand-year-old blue dye was solvedB. why the researchers took the trouble to recreate the dyeC. what needs to be done to make an organic dye from a plantD. when and where the discovery of the dye was madeSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Managing Time with the Pomodoro TechniqueIn work, as well as in life, doing what needs to be done in order to reach our goals can be difficult. (67) ____________________ Luckily, one of the most efficient and most popular time management techniques is also one of the world’s simplest — the Pomodoro Technique.The Pomodoro Technique was developed by Francesco Cirillo in the late 1980s. (68) ____________________ Each block is known as a pomodoro, the Italian word for “tomato.” Cirillo named the system after the tomato-shaped kitchen timer that he used to track his work time when he was studying as a university student. He developed a habit of doing short blocks of work followed by resting periods. He realized this method could help him work with time instead of struggling against it.In 2006, Cirillo published his Pomodoro Technique manual for people to download free of charge. The Pomodoro technique can be applied in almost all parts of our life. It was built around a handful of important steps. First, choose a task that you’d like to get done. (69) ____________________What matters is that you are ready to give it your full attention.Next, set a timer for 25 minutes. Try to spend the full 25 minutes with your complete attention on the task. Then, when the timer goes off, take a five-minute break. Sit back, have a drink, go for a short walk, or do something else that is not work-related. Once you have completed four of these30-minute cycles, treat yourself to a longer break that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. (70) ____________________After trying the Pomodoro Technique, you may want to experiment a little. Some people have found that 90-minute blocks work best, while others might perform better with more flexible periods. It varies from person to person. Just remember, like many things in life, simpler is often better!IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.What Is Zero Waste?T he goal of the “zero waste” movement is to get rid of all waste from products. “Zero waste” means using every part of a product. Today, the zero waste idea can be found everywhere from food to fashion.Creating a zero waste restaurant is a challenge. It is very difficult to use every part of produce and leave nothing behind. Creating a soup from unused ingredients is a popular way to use up extra food items. Other ways are more advanced. Some restaurants use coffee grounds（咖啡渣）to flavor dishes. Some cooks also crush shrimp shells and reuse them in sauces. While it’s challenging, zero waste restaurants appear to be on the rise.In the fashion industry, zero waste isn’t a new idea. But in today’s world of fast fashion, zero waste is growing more popular. Usually, cutting cloth creates lots of waste. In zero waste fashion, designers try to avoid this. One way to do so is by adding these extra pieces of cloth to the final design. Another way is to design clothing without wasteful cuts.Beyond restaurants and fashion, there are many other possibilities for zero waste products. All restaurants need utensils（器皿）. Bakey’s is a company that is developing edible（可食用的）utensils. After using them, you can eat them! Their spoons are made of flour and come in all kinds of flavors. While these spoons are not hard enough to cut meat, they are perfect for rice dishes. Meanwhile, Air New Zealand is experimenting with edible coffee cups that are made by the company Twice. They have already introduced a line of flavored cups. After you finish your coffee, you eat the cup, just like a cookie!Whether products are made to be edible or reusable, hopefully the movement will help reducewaste all over the world.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 生活技能课程从教学生如何换灯泡开始。
上海市杨浦区2021年中考语文一模试卷附答案
中考语文一模试卷一、选择题（共1题；共3分）1.为进一步提高文化遗产的保护意识，展现杨浦“三个百年”的历史底蕴和文化内涵，请你参加杨浦图书馆（旧上海市图书馆，民国时代的建筑）考察活动并搜集资料，准备撰写《优秀文化遗产申请报告》，以下不必搜集的内容是（）A. 图书馆旧楼建筑的基本概貌B. 图书馆旧楼的保护现状及面临问题C. 图书馆旧楼的人文、历史价值D. 图书馆旧楼与新楼建筑风格比较E. 图书馆旧楼拟采用的保护措施二、句子默写（共1题；共5分）2.默写（1）纤纤擢素手，________。
（《迢迢牵牛星》）（2）________，自将磨洗认前朝。
（《赤壁》）（3）________，五十弦翻塞外声。
（《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之））（4）夕日欲颓，________。
（《答谢中书书》）（5）天色已晚，班级黑板报还有些收尾工作未能完成，小明此时就用《曹刿论战》中“________，________，________”来劝导鼓励大家抓紧完成。
三、对比阅读（共1题；共10分）3.阅读下面古诗文，完成各题（甲）饮酒（其五）结庐在人境，而无车马喧。
问君何能尔？心远地自偏。
采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。
山气日夕佳，飞鸟相与还。
此中有真意，欲辨已忘言。
（乙）桃花源记（节选）见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来。
具答之。
便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。
村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。
自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。
问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋，此人一一为具言所闻。
皆叹惋，余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。
停数日，辞去。
此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。
”既出，得其船，便扶向路，处处志之，及郡下，诣太守，说如此。
太守即遣人随其往，寻向所志，遂谜，不复得路。
南阳刘子骥，高尚士也，闻之，欣然规往。
未果，寻病终，后遂无问津者。
（1）下列选项错误的一项是（）A.甲诗乙文的作者均为东晋大诗人陶渊明。
B.陶渊明，一名侃，字元亮，自号五柳先生。
2021年上海市杨浦区中考语文一模试卷(有答案)
杨浦区2021学年度第一学期期末初三质量调研语文试卷（满分150分考试时间100分钟）[考生注意：本卷共有27题。
请将所有答案写在答卷上，写在试卷上不计分]一、文言文阅读（共40分）（一）默写（15分）1．当年万里觅封侯，。
（《诉衷情》）2．，此日中流自在行。
（《观书有感（其二）》）3．，铁马冰河入梦来。
（《十一月四日风雨大作》）4．一狼洞其中，。
（《狼》）5．盖一岁之犯死者二焉，。
（《捕蛇者说》）（二）阅读下面的词，完成6—7题（4分）天净沙·秋孤村落日残霞，轻烟老树寒鸦，一点飞鸿影下。
青山绿水，白草红叶黄花。
6.下列判断正确的一项是（）（2分）A.本曲作者为元代杂剧家白朴B.本曲题目为“天净沙·秋”C.本曲被誉为“秋思之祖”D.本曲被视为“元人小令最佳”7.下列对这首词理解不恰当的一项是（）（2分）A．本曲通过对十二种景物的描绘，含蓄地表达作者情感变化过程。
B．本曲描写景物既有动景又有静景,可谓是动静结合，相得益彰。
C. 本曲描写景物由远及近，通过视角的变化，多层次地铺排秋意。
D. 本曲一扫传统诗词悲秋格局，展现了秋日璀璨斑斓的丰富色调。
（三）阅读下文完成8—10题（9分）桃花源记（节选）林尽水源，便得一山。
山有小口，仿佛若有光。
便舍船，从口入。
初极狭，才通人。
复行数十步，豁然开朗。
土地平旷，屋舍俨然，有良田、美池、桑竹之属。
阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。
其中往来种作，男女衣着，悉如外人。
黄发垂髫，并怡然自乐。
见渔人，乃大惊，问所从来，具答之。
便要还家，设酒杀鸡作食。
村中闻有此人，咸来问讯。
自云先世避秦时乱，率妻子邑人来此绝境，不复出焉，遂与外人间隔。
问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋。
此人一一为具言所闻，皆叹惋。
余人各复延至其家，皆出酒食。
停数日，辞去。
此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。
”8．本文作者是时期著名诗人。
（2分）9．用现代汉语翻译下面的句子（3分）此中人语云：“不足为外人道也。