前浪漫主义和浪漫主义

你是那么美，漂亮的姑娘， 你是那么美，漂亮的姑娘， 我爱你那么深切； 我爱你那么深切； 我要爱你下去，亲爱的， 我要爱你下去，亲爱的， 一直到四海枯竭。 一直到四海枯竭。
A Red Red Rose
Till a' the seas gang dry, my Dear, And the rocks melt wi' the sun! O I will luve thee still, my Dear, While the sands o' life shall run. Till all the seas go dry, my Dear, And the rocks melt with the sun! O I will love you still, my Dear, While the sands of life shall run.
The Form of “A Red, Red Rose”
It is written in four 4-line stanzas (quatrains), consisting of alternating tetrameter（四音步） and trimeter（三音步） lines. This means that the 1st and 3rd lines of each stanza have four stressed syllables, or beats, while the 2nd and 4th lines have three stressed syllables. Quatrains（四行诗） written in this manner are called ballad stanzas. The ballad is a old form of verse adapted for singing or recitation, originating in the days when most poetry existed in spoken rather than written form. Though the ballad is generally rich in musical qualities such as rhythm and repetition, it often portrays both ideas and feelings in overwrought but simplistic terms.
啊，我爱人象红红的玫瑰， 我爱人象红红的玫瑰， 它在六月里初开； 它在六月里初开； 我爱人象一支乐曲， 啊，我爱人象一支乐曲， 美妙地演奏起来。 美妙地演奏起来。
A Red Red Rose
As fair art thou, my bonie lass, So deep in luve am I, And I will luve thee still, my Dear, Till a' the seas gang dry. As fair are you, my lovely lass, So deep in love am I, And I will love you still, my Dear, Till all the seas go dry.
一直到四海枯竭，亲爱的， 一直到四海枯竭，亲爱的， 到太阳把岩石烧裂； 到太阳把岩石烧裂； 我要爱你下去，亲爱的， 我要爱你下去，亲爱的， 只要是生命不绝。 只要是生命不绝。
A Red Red Rose
And fare thee weel, my only Luve, And fare thee weel a while! And I will come again, my Luve, Tho' it were ten thousand mile! And fare you well, my only Love, And fare you well a while! And I will come again, my Love, Although it were ten thousand mile!.
William Blake (1757-1821)
Of all the romantic poets of the 18th century, Blake is the most independent and the most original. His best poems are collected in Songs of Innocence (1789) and Songs of Experience (1794). The Songs of Innocence is a lively volume of poems which represent a happy and innocent world although there are evil and suffering existing, while the Songs of Experience paints quite a different world, a world full of misery, poverty, war, and repression. The poems in Songs of Experience are gray, gloomy and pessimistic.
A Red Red Rose
O, my luve's like a red, red rose, That's newly sprung in June. O, my luve's like the melodie, That's sweetly play'd in tune. O, my love is like a red, red rose, That is newly sprung in June. O, my love is like the melody, That is sweetly played in tune.
再见吧—我唯一的爱人， 再见吧 我唯一的爱人， 我唯一的爱人 我和你小别片刻； 我和你小别片刻； 我要回来的，亲爱的， 我要回来的，亲爱的， 即使是万里相隔。 即使是万里相隔。
Similes & Metaphors
Similes: the speaker compares his love first with a blooming rose in spring and then with a melody "sweetly play'd in tune.“ Metaphor: in searching for the perfect metaphor to describe the "eternal" nature of his love - the speaker inevitably comes up against love's greatest limitation, "the sands o' life." This image of the hour-glass（沙漏） forces the reader to reassess of the poem's first and loveliest image: A "red, red rose" is itself an object of an hour, "newly sprung" only "in June" and afterward subject to the decay of time.
PrePre-Romanticism & Romanticism
PrePre-Romanticism
Another conspicuous trend in the English literature of the latter half of the 18th century was the so-called preromanticism. It originated among the conservative groups of men of letters as a reaction against Enlightenment and found its most manifest expression in the “Gothic novel,” the term arising from the fact that the greater part of such romances were devoted to the medieval times. The more notable of the Gothic Novels is The Castle of Otranto奥 特朗托城堡(1765) by Horace Walpole贺拉斯瓦尔 浦尔(1727-1797). But the more important pre-romanticist writers are the two famous poets, William Blake (1757-1821) and Robert Burn59-1796)
Robert Burns is an excellent native poet of Scotland. He is remembered mainly for his poems written in the Scottish dialect. He also created many lyrics praising nature, love, and friendship. Many of them have entered deeply into people’s hearts. These works are “A Red, Red Rose,” “My heart’s in the Highland,” etc. Speaking of Burns, we can not forget his “Auld Lang Syne” (Old Long Ago) which have been sung as a parting song in many places of the world in different languages.