雅思写作话题词汇(全).
雅思写作必备词汇
附录：雅思写作必备词汇一.同经济有关的词汇extravagant 浪费的，奢侈的throw money into thin air 浪费钱squander v. 浪费：If we squander our fossil fuels, we threaten civilization.lavish v. 浪费：lavish time and money on petsWe have to economize on water during the dry season.dear，luxurious 豪华的，money-consuming 浪费钱的，precious，valuabledestitute 贫穷的impoverished 贫穷的（名词形式为impoverishment）poverty-stricken 贫穷的poorneedy 贫穷的，缺乏生活必需品的: They collected money to help the needy children. poverty line 贫穷线，贫困线a lucrative investment profitable 赚钱的，盈利的wealthybe short of insufficient 不足的，不够的：The food is insufficient for our needs.lack n&vt缺乏，be lacking in：She is lacking in responsibility.run out of 用完scarcity n.缺乏，不足：The scarcity of food was caused by the drought.There is a shortage of oil in this country.asset n.资产 a tight budget 资金/预算紧张financial aid 经济资助financial/economic burden经济负担financial strain 资金紧张government revenue 政府税收foreign currency 外汇taxpayer 纳税人有限的公共资金income 收入hard-earned money 辛苦挣来的钱consumer goods 消费品consumption n. 消费(consume v.) expenditure n.花费，支出beggar pauper=beggar homeless 无家可归的laid-off workers 下岗工人jobless 失业的；失业者charity 慈善（形容词为charitable）healthcare 医疗保健starvation=hunger 饥饿famine 饥荒disease illiteracy 文盲（形容词为illiterate）welfare 福利shelter 庇护所nursing home/house 养老院miserable 痛苦的，悲惨的well-being福利subsidize=finance 资助，补助二．同时间有关的词汇squeeze time 挤时间wile away the time 消磨时间kill time 浪费时间a waste of time and resource precious time-consuming 消耗时间的a great waste of time occupy vt.占用：Reading occupies most of my free time.take up 占用pass time 消磨时光They messed about in the club most of the summer.tempting 诱惑人的：a tempting offer吸引人的提议；a tempting smell诱人的气味alluring 迷人的，吸引人的，诱惑的：an alluring advertisementdistracting 分心的（动词为distract）：Noise distracted the writer from his work.lure vt.引诱：The price also lures students.induce vt.劝诱，促使：Nothing in the world would induce me to do that.entice somebody to do something/into doing something.addictive 上瘾的be addicted to 上瘾wallow in 沉溺于：wallow in luxuryrevel in 着迷，酷爱，纵情于：revel in filmsresist the temptation 抵挡住诱惑be obsessed with 沉迷于abandon oneself to 沉溺于：The young man abandoned himself to despair.indulge in 沉湎于：indulge oneself in eating and drinking纵情于吃喝；indulge in tobacco 吸烟无度self-control 自控inhibit v.抑制，约束self-discipline 自律refrain vi.节制，避免，制止：The boy refrained from tears；Please refrain from spitting on the sidewalk.restrain vt.抑制，制止：I couldn't restrain my laughter；We restrained the children from playing by the railroad；The government has taken measures to restrain inflation.academic performance 学习表现misleading 易误解的，令人误解的play truant 逃学：In my last year I played truant a lot. skip classes 逃课efficiency 效率productivity 生产力rewarding 有益的，值得的三.同健康有关的词汇acute 急性的chronic 慢性的malady 疾病obesity 肥胖（形容词为obese）incurable disease=terminal illness 绝症depression 抑郁症diabetes 糖尿病tumor 肿瘤hypertension 高血压（hypotension 低血压）stroke 中风以下词汇可以暂时只认知：arthritis 关节炎coronary heart disease 冠心病epidemics传染病（形容词为epidemic）eye irritation 眼睛发炎infectious disease 传染病rabies=hydrophobia 狂犬病tuberculosis 肺结核bloated 臃肿的，过于肥胖的dizzy 头昏眼花的fatigue n.疲乏，疲劳headaches indigestion 消化不良indolent 懒惰的morbid 病态的muscle aches insomnia 失眠（口语中也说lose sleep）constipation 便秘nausea 反胃，恶心near-sighted=myopia 近视overweight 超重sore throat 喉咙发炎symptom 症状tiredness=weariness 疲倦fracture骨折跛子malnutrition 营养不良addictive nocuous 有害的，有毒的（反义词innocuous）cancer-causing致癌的impair v.削弱，危机：Poor food impaired her health. deleterious 有害的，有毒的hazardous 危险的，有害的harmful be physically damaging 有害健康的do harm to one’s health 有害健康endanger one’s health 危机健康pernicious有害的noxious 有害的，有毒的：Noxious chemicals are found in the river water.high fat and calorie high cholesterol junk food oily fooddeteriorate v.恶化：Relations between the two countries have deteriorated sharply in recent weeks.’s health.bacteria 细菌germ 细菌excessive intake 过量摄入cancerous 癌的virus 病毒carcinogen 致癌物toxic gas 有毒气体bleach 漂白剂radiation 辐射fume 烟，气体venomous 有毒的，分泌毒液的poisonous 有毒的a meager diet 素食immune 免疫的aerobic exercise 有氧运动jog 慢跑balanced diet 平衡饮食lose weight life expectancy 预期寿命energetic=vigorous 精力充沛的vegetarian 素食者fitness 健康hygienic 卫生的medical 医学的medical care 医疗medical treatment 医疗prevention 预防remedy 治疗法，药物eradicate v.根除，消灭：The government is making efforts to eradicate racial discriminating. nourishment 营养品vitamin nutrition 营养cure 治愈organ transplant 器官移植pain-killer 止疼药therapy 治疗，疗法pharmaceutical 药物的calcium 钙iron 铁zinc 锌iodine 碘phosphate 磷四．同情感有关的词汇affectionate 充满深情的：She was very affectionate with children.allegiance 忠贞（形容词为allegiant）：He is trying to win the allegiance of the masses.loyal 忠诚的，衷心的: She was loyal to her faith.He is loyal to his wife.sincerity 诚挚，真挚（形容词为sincere）：He is a man of sincerity.congenial 性格相似的，意气相投的：I met few people congenial to me in that city.devoted 投入的，深爱的energetic 精力旺盛的warm-hearted friendlyfaithful 忠实的，可靠的fervent 热情的：She has a fervent desire to win. enthusiasm 热情：The proposal was greeted with great enthusiasm.intimate 熟悉的：Both of them felt that they had become very intimate.）emotion 情感：Love, hatred, and grief are emotions.anxiety 忧虑，焦急apathy 冷漠arrogance 傲慢desolation 孤独，凄凉desperate 不顾一切的，拼命的，绝望的：A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.He was desperate when he lost all his money.He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.diffident 缺乏自信的：She is diffident about expressing her opinions.drowsy 昏昏欲睡的：The story took place on a drowsy summer afternoon.These tablets will make you drowsy.eccentric 古怪的：My neighbor is an eccentric young man.egoism 自我主义（egoist 自我主义者）frustrated 受挫的，失意的hopeless 绝望的languid 懒洋洋的isolated 孤独的indifferent 冷漠的introverted 内向的（反义extroverted）inferior 自卑的，劣等的inhospitable 冷漠的，不好客的（名词为inhospitality，反义为hospitable，hospitality）pessimistic 悲观的（反义为optimistic）rebellious 反叛的，叛逆的unsociable 不爱交际的（反义为sociable，gregarious）abuse n&v.虐待，滥用：He abused his power while in office.Those captives were physically abused.Child abuse is widespread in this country.alienate vt.疏远：His behavior alienated his friends.desert vt.遗弃：All his friends have deserted him!deserted 为人所弃的abandoned 被抛弃的，自甘堕落的extra-marital affairs 婚外恋vt.忽视ill-treat vt.虐待=maltreatbrutal 残酷的，野蛮的hatred 仇恨hostility 敌意resentment 怨恨wear a long face 拉长着脸turn a deaf ear 充耳不闻（注意turn a blind eye to）：How could you turn a deaf ear to her requests for help?conflict 冲突antagonism 对抗foster vt.培养，心怀（希望）：Concerts foster interest in music. foster a hopecomfort vt.安慰=console =soothe：We did not know how to soothe the bereaved mother. proximity 接近，亲近restful 宁静的goodwill 善意encourage，support，promote，inspire 鼓励，支持，推进五．同智力和教育有关的词汇mental 心智的（名词为mentality）mental growth 智力发展ability of expression 表达能力brightness 聪明，智慧prodigy 天才，神童tactful 机智的clever talented 有才能的：He is a very talented actor. wisdom 智慧，学识：a man of wisdom creative 创造性的：a very creative musician genius 天才instinct 直觉instinctive 本能的：She had an instinctive taste for music.inherence 内在，固有，天性intellect 智力intellectual 需要智力的，智力发达的（作为名词是含义是知识分子）：Chess is a highly intellectual game./ intellectual people注意：intellectual property 指的是知识产权insight 洞察力，见识，深刻的理解：Good teachers have insight into children's emotions.His speech gave us an insight into the problems of education. intelligence 智力，聪明，智能intelligence quotient 智商nature 本性，天性wit 智力，才智，智慧perception 洞察力，感知，理解：My perception of the problem isclumsy 笨拙的，手脚不灵活的：The clumsy boy bumped into the table.absurd=ridiculous 荒谬的：It is absurd to go out in such terrible weather.It's the most ridiculous thing I ever heard in my life.dull 感觉或者理解迟钝的：All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。
雅思写作词汇和句型
雅思写作词汇和句型雅思写作必备词汇和句型形容词1. 明显的Obvious, apparent, evident, manifest2. 优秀的Excellent, eminent, top, outstanding3. 惊人的Surprising, amazing, extraordinary, miraculous, remarkable 4. 消极的，不良的Bad, detrimental, baneful, undesirable5. 美丽的`Beautiful, attractive, gorgeous, eye-catching6. 贫穷的Poor, needy, impoverished, poverty-stricken7. 有活力的Energetic, dynamic, animated8. 积极的，好的Good, conducive, beneficial, advantageous8. 健康的Healthy, robust, sound, wholesome10. 富裕的Rich, wealthy, affluent, well-to-do, well-off11. 流行的Popular, prevailing, pervasive名词1. 人类Human beings, mankind, human race2. 影响Influence, impact3. 危险Danger, peril, hazard4. 污染Pollution, contamination5. 老人Old people, the old, the elderly, the aged,senior citizens 6. 幸福Happiness, well-being7. 老师Teachers, instructors, educators8. 教育Education, schooling, upbringing9. 青少年Young people, youngsters, youths,adolescents10. 优点Advantage, merits, superiority, virtue11. 责任Responsibility, obligation, duty, liability12. 能力Ability, capacity, power, skill13. 职业Job, career, employment, profession14. 娱乐Enjoyment, pastimes, recreation,entertainment15. 孩子Children, offspring, descendant, kid动词1. 提高，加强Improve, enhance, promote, strengthen,optimize2. 解决Solve, resolve, cope with, deal with3. 拆除Destroy, knock down, eradicate4. 引起Cause, trigger5. 培养Develop, cultivate, foster, nurture6. 激发，鼓励Encourage, motivate, stimulate7. 认为Think, assert, hold, claim, argue8. 完成Complete, fulfill, accomplish, achieve9. 保留Keep, preserve, retain, hole10. 有害于Destroy, impair, undermine, jeopardize11. 减轻Ease, alleviate, relieve, lighten作文必备加分句型：开头Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic Recently the problem has been brought into focus. Nowadays there is a growing concern overWhat calls for special attention is thatIt is common knowledge thatIt is well-known thatMany nations have been faced with the problem of According to a recent surveyWith the rapid development of结尾From what has been discussed / mentioned above, we may conclude thatTherefore, it is not difficult to draw / come to the conclusion thatAs far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.From all the seasons/ consideration above, it is clear/ obvious thatTaking into account all these factors, we may reach the conclusion thatGiven the reasons/consideration I have just outlined/ discussed/ presented, I strongly recommend thatAll in all, what really matters isIt is essential that effective measures be taken toFrom what has been discussed above, we may reasonably draw the conclusion thatAs a result, we should take some effective steps toJudging by the figures/statistics, it is not difficult to see that 表示反驳It is true that, but one vital point is being left out.There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.Some people say, but it does not hold water.Many of us have been under the illusion thatA close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.It makes no sense to argue forToo much stress placed on may lead toSuch a statement mainly rests onthe assumption thatContrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that表示证明No one can deny the fact thatThe idea is hardly supported by facts.Unfortunately, none of the available date showsRecent studies indicate thatThere is sufficient evidence to show thatAccording to statistics proved by, it can be seen that表示原因A number of factors areaccountable for this situation/ contribute to (lead to)(account for) the phenomenon(problem) The answer to this problem involves many factors.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact thatThe factors that contribute tothis situation includeThe change in largely results from the fact thatPart of the explanations for itis thatOne of the most common factors(causes) is thatAnother contributing factor(cause) isPerhaps the primary factor is thatBut the fundamental cause is that【雅思写作必备词汇和句型】。
雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇
雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇雅思写作中我们会遇到各种话题，要求我们用明确的观点来定位文章基调，需要我们掌握各种类型的意群词汇。
今天店铺给大家汇总了100个雅思写作中会遇到的高频观点词汇及替换表达，希望这些词汇能对大家的写作有所帮助。
为便于大家复习，我们将内容拆分为五部分，同学们可以按日期背诵，一天一个section，五天即可掌握。
雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇(一)1. 持某观点：claimcontend, deem, reckon, assert, share the belief that2.支持某观点: advocatemaintain, vote for, side with, be in favor of3.反对某观点: contradictcriticize, be against, cast doubts on4.合理的：justifiedsensible, feasible, convincing, persuasive, rational, practicable, logical, wise, sagacious, viable, preferable, advisable, appropriate, bear much analysis5.好处：advantagebenefit, merit, positive side, upside, boon, pros6.弊端：disadvantagedefect, demerit, negative side, downside, flaw, drawback, cons7.肯定：undoubtedlyindeed, undeniably, there is no denying that8.不确定：be likely topotentially presumably9.重要的：essentialsignificant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable10.有益的：beneficialconducive, instrumental11.有害的：detrimentalharmful, virulent12.有争议的：controversialdisputable, contentious13.普遍的：widespreadprevalent, universal14.显著地：considerablysignificantly,remarkably, dramatically,tremendously, substantially15.明显的：evidentapparent, manifest16.增强：enhancestrengthen, boost17.减少：declinedescend, collapse, relieve18.大约：approximatelynearly, around, estimated,roughly19.趋势：trendtendency, inclination20.预见：predictexpect, project雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇(二)21.带来：bring aboutresult in, lead to22.产生，引起：createspark, yield, give rise to23.建立：establishfound, institute24.要求：call forrequest, demand25.去除：eliminateremove, eradicate26.探讨：exploreexamine, identify27.表明，描绘：indicatedepict, portray, illustrate28.满足…需求：meet the need of satisfy the requirement of,cater for the demand of29.足够：adequateenough, sufficient30.解决：tackleresolve, address31.意识：awareness consciousness32.控制：curbregulate, censor33.解释：account forbe responsible for, be attributed to 34.投资：financeinvest in, subsidize35.缓解：relieveease, alleviate36.压力：stresspressure, strain37.遵循：observefollow, conform to38.继承：inherithand down, carry forward39.培养：cultivatetrain, foster40.促进：promotecontribute to, upgrade雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇(三) 41.适应：adapt toadjust to, acclimate to42.提供：providerender, afford43.替代：replacesubstitute, take the place of44.保护：preserveprotect, safeguard45.证据：evidenceproof46.赢得：gainacquire, attain47.国外的：foreignalien, exotic48.重视：attach importance to emphasis, highlight49.发展：advance development, progress50.倾向于：tend tobe inclined to, be apt to51. 吸引：attractallure, tempt52. 专注的：be absorbed inbe immersed in, devote oneself to 53. 目的是：aim atThe purpose is54. 实现：achievefulfill, implement55. 危害：endanger threaten; jeopardize56. 损害：undermineimpair, damage57. 阻碍：hinderobstruct, impede58. 禁止：forbidban, prohibit59. 责备：blamedenounce, criticize60. 污染：pollute contaminate, stain雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇(四) 61. 腐蚀：erodewear away, corrode62. 欺骗：deceivecheat, defraud63. 冲突：conflictshock, tension64. 驱使：promptspur, incite65. 贪婪的：acquisitivemoney-oriented, materialistic 66. 自私的：self-centered selfish, inconsiderate67.体谅的：considerate understanding, sympathetic68.冷漠的：indifferent apathetic, aloof69.奢侈的：wasteful luxurious, extravagant70.残忍的：inhumanebrutal, barbaric71.绝望的：hopeless despairing, desperate72.过分的：excessive extravagant, exorbitant73.激烈的：intensefierce, vigorous74.严厉的：stringent rigorous, rigid75.与…相关：be related tobe associated with, be linked to 76.难以置信的：unbelievable incredulous, virtual77.惊人的：extraordinary marvelous, spectacular78.有抱负的：ambitious aggressive, aspirant79.固有的：inherentnature, innate80.稳定的：steadystable, constant雅思写作必背的100个常用词汇(五) 81.恶化：worsenaggravate, deteriorate82.夸大：exaggerateoverstate83.限制：restrainconstrain, confine84.拆除：tear downknock down, pull down85.加速：acceleratespeed up, precipitate86.占优势：predominatedominate87.分辨：distinguish differentiate, discern88.抵消：counteractoffset, cancel out89.开展：launchconduct, carry out90.承担：assumeshoulder, accept91.颁布, 制定：enactenforce, promulgate, map out92.影响：influenceimpact, pervade93.差异：differencedistinction, gap94.交流：communicate exchange, associate95.接触：have access tomake contact with, keep in touch with 96.优先：give priority toput…into first place97.节约：economizeconserve, cherish 98.面临：be faced with be confronted with 99.措施：measure step, action100.注意：beware prevent, guard against。
雅思写作288个高分词汇(高分内容)
IELTS 写作288个高分词汇
说明：
1．某个类别的词汇也可以用在其他类别，应灵活掌握。
2．注意词汇的用法，尤其是词性。
3．如果真的可以记熟以下词汇，雅思写作的用词方面你已经可以算一个专家了。
4．只要记一个词就必须记熟练，如果似是而非、不熟练不准确的记忆在考场上只能导致扣分而不是拿分。
Education
Technology
Media
Government
Language
Culture
文化遗产包括有形的和无形的两种，有形的如历史遗迹；无形的如风俗、仪式、传统道德观念等。
Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups: tangible cultural heritage, such as historic sites, and intangible cultural heritage, such as cutomes, rites, rituals and mores.
Development
Globalisation
Women
Families
Tourism
Environment
Crime
Animals
以上就是288个高分词汇。
雅思大作文常用词汇
77.child rearing抚养孩子78.elderly people 、 senior citizens 老年人79.family bonds\ties家庭成员间的情感纽带80.a sense of belonging归属感81.single-parent family单亲家庭82.mistreat 、 abuse 虐待83.domestic\family violence家庭暴力三、环境与动物保护1.ecosystem\ecological system生态系统2.cological balance\equilibrium生态平衡3.sustainable development可持续开展4.biodiversity生物的多样性5.environmentalists\conservationists 环保主义者 animal right activists 动物权益保护主义者6.environmentally-friendly〔adj.〕对环境无害的7.conservation 节约8.recycle\reuse (v.)再利用9.advocate the management of resources倡导资源管理10.benefit from从中受益11.enhance\elevate\raise the public awareness of⋯增强公众的⋯⋯意识12.put forward valuable suggestions提出珍贵建议13.play a major role in easing⋯在缓解⋯⋯上扮演了重要角色14.shortage\scarcity\dearth\lack〔n.〕短缺15.participate in the reconstruction of the city16.raise the environmental management level17.create a pleasant ecological environment18.give priority to优先关注19.catch much attention引起很大关注参与城市重建提高环境管理水平创造出一种和谐的生态环境20.deforestation (n.) 砍伐森林forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后forestation project造林工程afforested areas; greening space绿化面积forest coverage 森林覆盖率wind breaks 防风林sand breaks 防沙林21.greenhouse effect 、 global warming温室效应22.discharge effluent\sewage排放污水23.non-biodegradable garbage 、 wastes that can not decompose or break down 、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾throwaway bio-degradable plastic bags可降解一次性塑料袋24.infertile soil贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land、farmland耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.)污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.)有毒的29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源31.consume\deplete(v.) 消耗 (某种资源 )e up\exhaust 〔 v.〕用尽 (某种资源 )33.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施34.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容35.resource allocation资源配置36.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure37.reduce the number of vehicles 减少车辆38.implement strict vehicle emission standards39.reduce waste 减少浪费完善城市根底设施建立制定严格的汽车排放标准40.eliminate poverty and backwardness消除贫穷与落后。
(完整word版)雅思写作必背短语以及精彩句型
雅思写作核心语料库Part 11 offer a sense of job satisfaction and security带来工作的满意感和安全感2lay a solid professional working experience 累积扎实的工作经验3 reduce/cut down expenditure 减少支出4increase/generate job opportunities创建就业时机6promote talent introduction and exchange促令人材的引进与沟通7keep skills fresh and up-to-date 保证技术的不落后9lay a solid foundation for 确立坚固的基础10 pave the way for the future/development 为将来摊平了道路11foster a sense of competition and cooperation培育合作感与竞争感 12cultivate the spirit of team working 培育团队合作精神13master interpersonal skills 掌握人及关系技巧 14widen one ’ s knowledge拓宽知识面15enrich one’ s social and life experience丰富社会与人生经历16enlarge one’ s view/broaden one’拓s宽horizon视线17realize the value of life 实现人生价值18surmount /overcome / win over /master difficulties 战胜困难19grasp good communication skills 掌握人际沟通技巧20remove misunderstanding and discrimination 除去误会与鄙视21keep balance between work and family 保持事业与家庭的均衡 22raise the standard of living提升生活水平25enrich people ’ s spiritual丰life富人们的精神生活26promote social skills and competence提升交际技巧与能力 27strengthen the family ties促使家庭团结28cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培育激烈的责任感29bring joys and comforts to sb带来欢乐与舒坦30usher in a brand-new life-style引入崭新的生活方式31relieve the pressure of 缓解压力32maintain the community stability 保持社会的稳固33improve the utilization rate of energy resources提升能源的利用率34make full use of 充足利用35satisfy people ’ s needs/meet the demands of满people足人们的需求 36promote the development of relative industries促使有关家产的发展 37stimulate domestic needs刺激国内需求38 impel economic development促使经济的发展39generate jobs, income and tax revenues扩大就业时机，提升收入40enhance mutual understanding促使互相的理解41boost local development促使当地的发展42promote cultural exchange and cooperation促使文化的沟通与合作43enrich one’ s experience of丰life富人生经历44strengthen the ties with outside world增强与外面世界的联系 46foster a climate of peace and prosperity创建和平繁华的氛围 47stimulate our feelings of togetherness激发团结48maintain a natural balance 保持自然均衡 49reduce thelabor intensity 降低劳动强度50stimulate one’ s imagination and intereststh刺激人们的想象里与兴趣51accelerate the flow of information 加快信息的流动52prvide more business opportunities 供给商机53increase the productivity 提升生产力54create more opportunities for education创建受教育的时机55improve educational conditions 改良教育条件56release people from hard manual work令人们从沉重的体力劳动中解脱出来57speed up technical innovation 加快技术改革58better the development of human society完好人力资源的发展60bring immeasurable economic benefits 带来巨大的经济效益Part2 缺点1put sb or sth at risk 使---冒风险3be lack of a sense of job security 缺乏工作的安全感 4distract sb from doing sth 是某人从某事中分心5impose a heave strain on 来巨大的力 6beexaggerated and cheating夸张且欺的7be the invasion of privacy 入侵私8violate rights of free speech入侵言自由的利9endanger social stability and safety危害到社会的定与安全10restrain sb from doing 限制某人做某事14go astray 入歧路15undermine local culture 破当地文化16jeopardize the safety and stability of the society损坏社会的安全与定17set a bad example to立坏的榜18lead to the extinction of some species 致一些物种的 19resultin shortage of energy and natural resources致能源的欠缺21 to cause the estrangement/isolation/alienation between A and B 致了 A 与 B 之的疏22bring disgrace on sb ---来羞耻23suffer heavy losses 失沉重24easily cause stress-related illnesses简单致与力有关的疾病25lack basic infrastructures 缺乏基施26break the ecological balance破生均衡27lead to extravagant waste of public funds致公共金的极度浪28make⋯ in disorder 使杂乱30be harmful to our physical and mental and health害身心健康31lead to degradation of social atmosphere世日下32further widen the gaps between the rich and the poor 一步加大富之的差距 33be the drying up of our limited natural resources and the deterioration of the environment 有限的自然源的枯竭和境的化34contaminate environment 染境37 be a root of all evils 万恶之源38be easily taken in by 简单被欺诈39aggravate the traffic jams and worsen the crowdedness使交通拥塞和拥堵更加恶化40will pay a high price for this negative development of 为。
雅思写作核心词汇表
写作核心词汇总结交通类1. automobile industry 汽车工业2. boost the economic development 促进经济发展promote3. levy the tax 征税raise，impose4. modernization 现代化5. be viewed as … 被视为是…Automobile industry which boosts the economic development is viewed as the symbol of modernization.6. be concerned about … 对…担忧/关注…7. pollution-free fuel petrol 无污染燃料environment friendly8. luxury 奢侈品goods9. chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒10. fill… with … 使…充斥着11. popularization of cars 汽车普及12. lay more emphasis on… 把重心放在…13. observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则14. break traffic regulations 违反交通规则15. get stuck in traffic 遇上堵车16. rush hour 上下班高峰时间off-peak17. ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力18. pedestrian 行人19. pavement 人行道20. zebra crossing 斑马线21. over speed 超速行驶22. bottleneck 交通堵塞地区23. settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律24. impose restrictions on … 对…实施限制25. short-sighted 目光短浅的26. non-renewable resources 不可再生资源27. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳28. a pillar industry 支柱产业29. make full use of … 充分利用solar power30. road networks 公路网31. speed limits 限速32. enhance the quality of life Promote，boost提高生活质量living standard33. pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价34. promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展35. traffic engineering 交通运输工程36. the increasing number of car ownership 汽车拥有量增加37. call for … 需要…The government to introduce policies which are effective/practical and efficient.38. overcrowded 过度拥挤的39. violator 违规者40. headache 令人头痛的事41. traffic accidents 交通事故42. head-way 进展43. conflict with … 与…相冲突crisis44. major /main cause 主要原因45. be replaced by … 被…所取代46. provide convenience for … 为…提供便利47. curb… 限制… bean curd，方块48. dilemma 进退两难49. encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事50. energy-saving 节能的time-consuming ,money-saving社会类1. urbanization 城市化rural2. centralization 集中化3. imbalance 不平衡4. in the long run 从长远角度而言5. infrastructure 基础设施Construction of6. booming 繁荣发展的baby booming7. tertiary industry 第三产业8. tranquility 宁静9. revenue 税收cost outweighlevy, raise, imposemeet10. commercialization 商业化Mercury11. traffic congestion交通拥挤overcrowded12. water scarcity 水短缺drought13. the environmental pollution环境污染14. over-industrialization过度工业化15. over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16. unemployment 失业rate17. wealth distribution 财富分配The Principle of 20/80 indicat es that….18. social instability 社会动荡19. urban construction 城市建设20. population explosion 人口激增The increasing number ofpopulation，21. a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22. drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗23. offer more job opportunities提供更多的就业机会24. a rapid pace of life快节奏生活Contribute to25. stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病26. high cost of living高额生活费用27. pastoral life 田园生活28. class polarization阶级两极分化Koala bear29. social welfare 社会福利30. give special care to …给予…特殊关照31. urban sprawl 城市扩张32. convenient transportation means便捷的交通工具mean girl33. better medical services更好的医疗服务34. pressure of modern life in city城市生活压力35. be vulnerable to …易于患上… fragile36. melting pot 熔炉37. on the brink of … 处于…边缘Edgy38. pollutant 污染性物质39. waste disposal 废物处理40. put the blame on … 归咎于…41. be attributable to … 归因为…42. ways of consumption 消费方式43. suffer heavy losses遭受重大损失44. citizen 居民netizen45. be confronted with… 面临着…46. breed crimes 滋生犯罪47. vicious cycle 恶性循环48. a feasible measure/ meanPractical一种可行的措施people in need49. give priority to … 优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划者Foodsour and sweet fishCuisinespicy foodlow in fatchopsticksknife and forkhigh in fatrich in vitamin C Aussie kiwifruitmangococktailvinegar and olive oilChinese saladHerbs，seasonI’m allergic to sthIt tastes funny.BitterStewSteamed breadStir fried chichen/beef/Hot potbakeT-boneYummyTaste good/ fantastic Cheese and creamTastes good but smells smelly. NutritionHygienic and healthy SpecialChef recommendationMusicMelodylyricsToneHeavy metalDrumsSymphony，orchestra Harmony，released and refreshedPopCountry musicJazzFolkClassicChordInstrumentConcertLove songs，sad songsnc-beijingjiaoxue-w@ 媒体类1. paparazzi 狗仔队2. mass media 大众媒体3. entertainment 娱乐4. journalism 新闻业5. journal 期刊6. the latest news 最新消息7. exclusive news 独家新闻8. news agency 新闻社9. news block out 新闻封锁10. news censorship 新闻审查11. freedom of the press新闻自由12. news coverage 新闻报道13. do reportage on … 报导…14. hit the headlines 上头条15. issue 出版、发行16. newsstand 报摊17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人18. chief editor 总编CEO chief executive officerCFO19. editorial 社论20. newsworthy 值得报道的It doesn’t worth it.21. barometer 晴雨表22. the barometer of public opinion舆论的晴雨表23. live broadcast 直播On the air24. quiz show 智力竞争节目25. game show 游戏节目26. variety show 综合节目gala27. talk show 脱口秀Opera，28. sitcom 情景喜剧29. soap opera 肥皂剧30. movie star 电影明星31. movie king 影帝32. movie queen 影后33. affair 绯闻have affair34. celebrity 名人Celebrate35. fame 名声36. rise to fame 声名鹊起37. fans 粉丝38. invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私39. misleading 误导性的40. cheating 欺骗性的41. popularity 知名度42. scandal 丑闻43. sensational 轰动的44. prevalent 普遍的、流行的45. imperative 重要的、必要的Important，significant Principle46. audience ratings 收视率47. propaganda 宣传brain washing48. be abducted by 受…诱导49. purify one’s soul净化心灵Soulmate50. live in a virtual world生活在一个虚拟世界中51. be a great comfort to somebody对…来说是一个巨大安慰52. meet different tastes满足不同口味53. provide somebody with something 给…提供…54. follow the fashion blindly盲目追逐时尚Set up / arrange Blind date55. commit crimes 犯罪56. be inconceivable to somebody对…来说是难以想象的57. impressive 给人印象深刻的58. right to know 知情权59. in the disguise of… 打着…的幌子White lieSplit60. endanger social stability and safety危害社会稳定和安全媒体类二1. information era 信息时代2. keep one informed about something 使人们了解…3. audience/viewers 观众4. have unhealthy and harmful effects on… 对…有不良影响5. information-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会6. influential 有影响的7. revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8. blessing 福9. curse 祸10. various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目11. poor-quality programs 低质量节目12. ever-accelerated 不断发展的13. exaggerate 夸张14. enjoyable 令人享受的15. fashionable 时尚的16. electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射17. psychological illnesses 心理疾病18. isolated 孤僻的19. unimaginative 缺乏想象力的20. unsociable 不好社交的21. deprive somebody of one’s imagination and creativity 使…丧失了想象力和创造力22. jeopardize one’s health 危害健康23. be exposed to… 了解到…接触到…24. find its way into every family 进入千家万户25. global village 地球村26. be indulged in… 沉溺于…27. be addicted to … 对…上瘾28. be fascinated by … 被…所吸引29. be dependent on … 依赖…30. second-hand information 二手信息31. go astray 误入歧途32. embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路33. irresistible 无法抵制的34. hallmark 标志35. create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题36. critical thinking 批判性思维37. powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具38. main cause 主因39. tempting 有诱惑力的40. reliable 可靠的41. family attachment 家庭归属感42. mutual understanding 相互了解43. alienation of affection 感情疏远44. be sick of … 对…厌倦45. generation gap 代沟46. exchanges of feelings 感情交流47. emotional bond 感情纽带48. strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系49. be detached from reality 与现实隔绝50. distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非51. edifying 有教育意义的52. couch potato 电视迷53. be harmful to … 对…有害54. imitate 模仿55. inexpressible 难以形容的56. physical and mental health 身心健康57. stimulate one’s imagination and creativity 激发某人想象力和创造力58. unwholesome lifestyle. 不健康的生活方式59. a great deal of information 大量的信息60. disinteresting 令人索然无味的工作类1.ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的aspiration2. adaptability 适应性3.adapt oneself to …使自己适应…4. prosperity 繁荣booming5. be disadvantageous to …对…不利6. flow of personnel 人才流动7. mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制8. survival of the fittest 适者生存9. a sense of accomplishment成就感10. potentiality 潜能11. learn to cooperate and compromise学习合作和妥协Team workTeam leader12. be deeply impressed with …对…印象很深impressive13. company philosophy 企业文化14. flexibility 灵活性yoga15. competitive 竞争激烈的16. arena 舞台，市场竞技场17. team-work spirit团队合作精神18. treasure opportunity珍惜机会19. a fat salary 收入颇丰fluffy，蓬松baby fat20. a harmoniousinterpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系I’m seeing someone.21. a sense of responsibility责任感Be Willing to Shouldermore responsibility22. material gains 物质待遇23. promising future光明的前途24. bright prospect 光明的前景25. a challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作26. turning point 转折点27. be closely related to …与…息息相关28. get advanced in the society出人头地29. a decent job 一份体面的工作30. chance of promotion升迁机会31. stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感32. keep skills freshand up-to-date使技能可以不断更新33. expand one’s outlook开阔视野horizon34. balance work and life平衡工作和生活Business is business.35. from-nine-to-five朝九晚五一族36. sh oulder/undertakeone’s responsibility承担起自己的责任37. upgrade oneself 提升自我38. a well-paid job 高收入工作39. creative work 创造性工作40. stand up to / meet the challenge迎接挑战41. realize the value of lifeeffectuate 实现人生价值42. enrich one’s social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历43. cultivate one’sindependence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性44. seek for personal development追求个人发展45. display one’s talent 展示才能46. a sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感Elite 精英47. promotion opportunity提升机会48. meet one’s personalized needs满足某人个性化需求49. define o ne’s role确定自己的角色50. social recognition 社会认可51. accumulate experience获取经验52. inspiring 鼓舞人心的53. motivation 动机54. workaholic 工作狂55. working environment 工作环境56. work overtime 加班57. improve one’s capabilities提高某人能力58. develop one’s talents培养才智59. ideal workplace 理想工作场所Decent60. master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往技能动物保护类vivid，Viva，1. vivisection 活体解剖2. perform experiments on animals在动物身上做试验3. test animals 用于实验的动物Colony 实验对照组4. be subjected to experiments被迫接受试验5. animal rights 动物权利Human6. clinical research 临床研究7. cruel 残忍的8. extremist 极端主义者9. medical research 医学研究10. origin of species 物种起源11. alternative method 替代的方法12. biological diversity 生物多样性13. natural balance 自然平衡14. equilibrium of ecosystem生态平衡15. coexistence 共存16. endangered animals 濒危动物17. diversity of species 物种多样性18. shameless 令人羞愧的19. barbaric 野蛮的20. live and let live活着就是与万物共存To be or not to be21. meaningless 没有意义的22. dominant species 优势物种23. laboratory 实验室24. vaccine 疫苗25. infringement 践踏invade26. right to live 生存权27. torture 折磨I’m tortured by IELTS.28. anti-science 反科学的29. life-threatening diseases危及生命的疾病Stress-related illnesses30. scientific gains 科学成果31. an ever-lasting theme一个永恒的主题Live happily ever after32. evolution 进化33. computer simulation 电脑模拟34. groundless 没有理由的On the ground 实际35. humane 人道的36. medical technology 医疗技术37. anatomy 解剖38. equal 公平的39. unreliable 不可信赖的40. valid 有效的、正当的语言类1. ambiguity 歧义2. denotation 字面意思3. connotation 暗含意思4. impractical 不切实际的5. intellectual development 智力发展6. interaction 交流7. thinking capacity 思考能力8. universal language 世界语9. linguistic studies 语言学研究10. a means of communication 一种交流工具11. mechanical translation 机械翻译12. untranslatable 不宜翻译的13. develop linguistic skills 培养语言技能14. verbal communication 口头交流15. grammatical rules 语法规则16. context 语境17. core 核心18. translation 笔译19. interpretation 口译20. a complex progress 一个复杂过程21. cream 精华22. cultivate logical thinking 培养逻辑思维23. obscure 晦涩的24. readability 朗朗上口25. an unrealistic dream 一个不切实际的梦想26. comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识27. communicate with others directly, and freely 与他人直接自由交流28. face-to-face communication 面对面交流29. stimulate one’s interest 激发了…的兴趣30. artificial intelligence 人工智能31. help children learn a foreign language in a more vivid and interactive way 帮助孩子更生动，互动地学习一门外语32. miraculous 令人惊叹的33. increase efficiency 提高效率34. easy accessibility 易于操作35. make astounding advances 突飞猛进36. enrich the teaching and learning methods 丰富了教学手段37. expertise 专业知识38. flourishing 繁荣兴旺的39. speedy communication 快速的交流40. read between the lines 读懂暗含的意思41. language acquisition 语言习得42. term 术语43. implication 含义44. be fully aware of… 充分意识到…45. optimistic 乐观的46. pessimistic 悲观的47. drawback 弊端48. precious gift 宝贵的礼物49. linguist 语言学家50. mission impossible 不可能的任务文化类一1. cultural insights 文化视角2. learn about the world 了解世界3. a thrilling experience 一种令人激动的经历4. abstract 抽象的5. concrete 具体的6. move somebody to tears 使…感动落泪7. get relaxed and entertained 得到放松和娱乐8. venue 场所9. has its value 有其自己价值10. inspiration 灵感11. scope of knowledge 知识面12. spread knowledge 传播知识13. lasting artistic works 永恒的艺术作品14. abstruse 深奥的15. break with old customs 抛弃传统16. carry down from generation to generation 代代相传17. advocate the new lifestyle. 倡导新的生活方式18. entertainment 娱乐19. be different from … 与…不同20. direct experience 直接经验21. echo 共识22. satiate people’s psychological demands 满足心理需求23. attach more importance to … 更重视…24. spiritual enhancement 精神升华25. a mirror of … 是…的一面镜子26. determinant 决定性因素27. eclipse 使…相形见绌28. contribute to … 有助于…29. a sense of cool and satisfaction 一种惬意的感觉30. pastimes 消遣方式31. nurture imagination 培养想象力32. meditation 沉思33. an essence of immortality 永恒的精髓34. instructive 有启发性的35. edification 熏陶36. ar ouse one’s curiosity about something 引发某人对某事的好奇心37. enrich one’s knowledge 丰富某人知识38. value of knowledge 知识的价值39. cultural differences 文化差异性40. time is fleeting and art is long时光飞逝，艺术永恒文化类二1. cultural diversity 文化多元化2. cultural treasures 文化宝藏3. cross-cultural communication跨文化交流Management4. cultural reconstruction文化重建5. spiritual civilization 精神文明6. heritage 遗产7. achievements of art 艺术成就8. tear down 拆除9. humane historical sites人文历史遗址10. preserve the cultural relics保护文化遗产11. blueprint 蓝图12. skyscraper 摩天大楼13. high-rise office buildings高层写字楼14. city construction 城市建设15. well-structured 结构良好的16. crystallization 结晶17. visual enjoyment 视觉享受18. driving force 驱动力19. reconstruct 重建20. destruct 破坏21. architectural industry建筑工业22. map out 制定出23. city designing 城市设计24. beautify our life 美化我们的生活25. human civilization 人类文明26. cradle of culture 文化摇篮27. mainstream culture 主流文化28. cultural traditions 文化传统29. national pride 民族自豪30. local customs and practices 风土人情31. attract people’s eyes 吸引人们的眼球32. artistic taste 艺术品味33. cornerstone 基石34. be closely interrelated with… 与…有密切关系35. adhere to the tradition 坚持传统36. architectural vandalism 破坏建筑行为37. carry forward … 弘扬…38. cultural needs 文化需求39. reputation 声望40. maintain the world peace 维护世界和平41. artistic reflection 艺术反映42. give publicity to… 宣传…43. burden 负担44. cause irreversible damage 造成不可逆转的损失45. national identity and value 民族特性和价值观46. remove prejudice and misunderstanding 消除偏见和误解47. symbol 象征48. artistic standards 艺术水准49. enjoy great popularity 广受欢迎50. cultural devolution 文化退化科技类1. advanced science 尖端科学2. scientific invention 科学发明3. exert a far-reaching impact on… 对…产生一种深远的影响4. double-edged sword 双刃剑5. earth-shaking changes 翻天覆地的改变6. pay the way for the future development 为未来的发展铺平道路7. lay a solid foundation for… 为…打下良好的基础8. energy crisis 能源危机9. depletion of resources 能源消耗10. milestone 里程碑11. sophisticated equipment 尖端设备12. technical innovation 科技创新13. expediency 权宜之计14. antithetical 与…背道而驰的15. over-commercialized 过渡商业化的16. a heated discussion 热烈的讨论17. exhaust gas 废气18. disastrous 灾难性的19. overshadow 使…相形见绌20. compared to/with… 与…相比21. usher in 引领22. speedy and comfortable 既快捷又舒适23. opposite forces 负面影响24. a fatal breakdown 致命故障25. potential hazards 潜在危险26. pose a threat to… 对…有一种威胁27. promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展28. accelerate 加速…29. means of transportation 交通方式30. transportation tools 交通工具31. social status 社会地位32. environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源33. make people’s life easier 使人们生活更方便34. alternative fuel 可替代燃料35. sustainable development 可持续性发展36. scientific exploration 科学探索37. air travel 航空旅行38. ridiculous 可笑的39. absurd 荒唐的40. substitute 取代41. overcome difficulties 克服困难42. make progress 取得进步43. a sense of national pride 民族自豪感44. unprecedented 前所未有的45. soaring 不断上升的46. give a great push to the economic growth 极大地推动了经济发展47. see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展48. aggravate 使恶化49. optimize 优化50. cure-all solution 万能良药。
雅思写作常用写作词汇
Nancy附录二十大话题教育类（education）pulsory education 义务教育2. vocational education 职业教育3. academic performance 学业表现4. non-academic affairs 与学习无关的事情5. puppy/ calf love 早恋6. corporal punishment 体罚7. tuition fee 学费8. parents’ supervision 父母的监督9. individual tutorship 个人辅导10. turning point 转折点11. the pursuit of knowledge 对知识的追求12. maintain / disrupt classroom order 维护、扰乱课堂秩序13. coeducational /single sex establishment 男女共校、单一性别学校14. generation gap 代沟15. indulge in 沉迷（表示“溺爱” 后面直接加宾语）16. play truant 逃学17. school shootings 校园枪击18. broaden one’s horizons 开阔视野19. the hardship and bitterness of life 生活的艰辛和苦难20. appropriate advice and guidance 恰当的建议和指导21. cultivate independence 培养独立性22. a good habit of frugality 节约的好习惯23. distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非24. shoulder the responsibility of 肩负…… 的责任25. be prone to do 容易做某事26. go astray 误入歧途27. violate social conventions and laws 违反社会习俗和法律28. cast a shadow on one’s heart 在心中留下阴影29. resist the temptation of 抵制……的诱惑30. interpersonal skills 人际交往的技巧31. peer pressure 同辈的压力32. formative years 性格形成期33. physically and emotionally immature 身心不成熟34. a sense of superiority 优越感35.socially adaptable 能适应社会的36. adjust teaching methods 调整教学方法37. exert a negative impact on 产生消极影响38. juvenile crime=juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪juvenile delinquent 青少年犯罪者39. a sense of belonging 归属感40. qualified and experienced teachers 称职、有经验的老师41. first class teaching facilities 一流的教学设施42. education reform 教育改革科技类（science and technology）1.artificial intelligence 人工智能（artificial 人工的、人造的、非天然的）2.side effects 副作用3.technological revolution 科技革命4.nuclear weapons 核武器5.soil degradation 土壤退化6.industrial mass-production 工业化大生产7.enhance working efficiency and productivity 增强工作效率和生产力8.substitute for humans 替代人类9.intelligent machines 智能机器10.humanization 人性化11.unnerving problems 令人不安的问题12.eye-friendly 对眼睛无害的13.electronic innovation 电子革新14.global village 地球村15.industrial revolution 工业革命16.mechanization 机械化17.automation 自动化18.scientific discovery 科学发现19.cloning technology 克隆技术20.replica of an individual organ 人体器官的复制品an transplant 移植器官22.genetic defect 基因缺陷~ engineering 基因工程~ code 基因密码~ variability 基因变异23.ethically and morally wrong 有悖伦理道德24.space exploration 太空探索25.Global Positioning Systems 全球定位系统26.nanotechnology 纳米技术27.impersonal device 非人性化的设备环境资源类（environment and resources）1.environmental protection (conservation)环境保护environmental conservationist 环保主义者2.human activities 人类活动3.city dwellers 城市居民4.traffic congestion /traffic jam交通堵塞heavy traffic 形容交通拥挤5.disposable products 一次性用品ndfill 垃圾填埋场7.litter collection and disposal 垃圾收集和处理8.deforestation 砍伐森林9.greenhouse effect 温室效应10.acid rain 酸雨11.sand storm 沙尘暴12.solar energy 太阳能13.ban on plastic bags 禁塑令14.maintain the ecological balance 维持生态平衡15.eco-friendly/environmental friendly环保的16.natural disaster 自然灾害17.a natural evolutionary process 自然进化的过程18.short-term profit 短期利益19.sustainable development 可持续发展20.food chain 食物链21.diversity of life 生物多样性22.endangered species 濒危灭绝23.ozone layer 臭氧层24.forceful law and regulations 有力的法律法规25.raise people’s environmental awareness 增强人们的环境意识26.non-profit advertisement 公益广告27.dispose of the rubbish 处理垃圾28.the deterioration of the environment 环境恶化29.animal right activists 动物权益保护者30.wildlife preservation 野生动物保护31.survival of the fittest 适者生存32.turn a blind eye to 视而不见turn a deaf ear to 充耳不闻政府类（government）ernment administration 政府管理2.national defense 国防3.high levels of secrecy 高度机密4.financial strength 财力national revenue 国家财政收入national purse support 国家财政支持5.expand domestic demand/ need 扩大内需6.social undertaking 社会事业7.national public health system 全国公共卫生体系8.infrastructure 基础设施9.pilot project 试点项目10.feasible plan 可行的计划11.institutional innovation 体制创新12.economic return 经济效益13.financial crisis 金融危机(economic downturn / slowdown/ slump/ depression/)14.foreign direct investment 外商直接投资15.supporting measures 配套措施16.income gap 收入差距17.promote all-round, balanced and sustainable development of the economy and society 推动经济社会全面、协调、可持续发展ernment mechanism 政府机制19.reduce expenditure 减少开支curtail (vt) 削减20.a beneficial economic cycle 良性经济循环21.expand intra-county economics 壮大县域经济22.carry out the process of urbanization 推动城镇化23.public fitness program 公共健身运动bat the threat of violence to the general public 与对公众产生暴力的威胁斗争25.the true portrayal of what is happening around 是发生在周围事件的真实描绘26.strict regulation严格控制27.non-government sources 非政府渠道28.unshakeable duty （工作上）无法逃避的责任29.both financially and spiritually 经济上和精神上的30.put forward a number of possible solutions 提出一些可行的解决方法31.satellite towns 卫星城镇32.preferential policies to promote the construction of high-rise apartment buildings 优惠政策推动高层公寓住房的修建33.rapid depletion of social security fund and strained financial resources 社会保障资金的快速消耗和紧张的财政资源34.be overly financially dependent 过度的经济依赖35.physical inferiority 体力不支36.pension fund 养老金pension scheme 养老计划37.to downsize government budget 缩减政府预算38.shoulder the share of responsibility 承担共同的责任39.be better off 情况更好40.medical and educational service 医疗和教育服务41.to give top priority 列为重点42.a fair shake 一视同仁43.low-hanging fruit 容易实现的目标44.authorities 当局45.regulate/ administer/ oversee (vt.) 规范，管理46.implement 实施vt.47.legislate（vi）/ make laws 立法48.a democratic and progressive government 民主与开放的政府49.strictly prohibit/ ban v 严禁50.Stringent laws/ legislation 严格的法律51.rules and regulations 规章制度52.allocate money to sth/ subsidize (vt.)/ be a patron of / invest in/ finance(vt)/ fund(vt.)/ dedicate money to sth 为。
雅思写作大作文话题词汇
雅思写作分类词汇Education 类词汇1) 培养（某种素质）cultivate/ foster/ nurture(vts)促进学生身心发展promote the student’s physical, mental ( 或者用intellectual) and emotional development 心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare(nouns) 学习能力（先天就有的）aptitude/talent 学习能力（后天学习到的）ability/ skill 学生接受的学校教育（名词）schooling(noun) 儿童接受的家庭教育（名词）upbringing(noun) 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do something 或者motivate (vt) the student to do something 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youths2) 传授知识impart(vt)/inculcate(vt) knowledge 灌输高尚的道德观念instill(vt) high moral values (注以values 复数比试价值观) 给学生以灵感stimulate the students; thought 或者give the students inspiration 家长教育子女的方式（名词）parenting/upbringing 教学法teaching methodology/ pedagogical methodology 适应（动词）adapt to do something/adjust oneself to do something/ become accustomed to do something 适应能力adaptability 学生对老师所教授的知识的掌握students’ grasp/ command(nouns) of what has been taught 就业技能employable/ marketable skill3) 限制创造力的发展extinguish(vt)/ stifle(vt)/ constrain(vt) creativity(noun) 打击学生的积极性dam pen/sap(vts) the students’ enthusiasm 或者frustrate the students 产生不不要的压力beget/ create undue pressure 塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one’s character 责任感a sense of obligation 学生不应该只是被动的接收简单知识的容器student should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas. 死记硬背learn thing by rote.4) 记忆方程式，公式，定理，定律memorize equations, formulas, theorems and laws(nouns) 应用apply (vt) 盲从follow something blindly/ indiscriminately（adv）用填鸭式教学教育学生force-feed(vt) the students 为了记忆而记忆memorize for memorization’ s own sake5) 把学生分开教育（比如根据智力或者课堂上的表现）segregate(vt) students 来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure 逆境adverse circumstances /adversity 团队精神team spirit(noun) 独立思考：think independently(adv)6) 在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding 鼓励学生用辨证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv) 学生的反馈students’ feedback 或者students’ input 学生评价老师的教学students appraise / evaluate their teachers’ performance7) 学生学习的各门功课加在一起curriculum(noun) 具体的一门课的内容syllabus 课外活动extra-curricular activity 学校是社会的缩影A school is society in miniature 不遵守纪律（名词）indiscipline/ misbehavior/ mischief (nouns) 不遵守纪律的（形容词）学生disruptive/ unruly students8) 理论只是theoretical knowledge 通才generalist 专才specialist 全面发展的well-rounded /versatile 为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being/welfare (注意这里welfare 不是“福利”的意思)9) 大学学科的分类可以分为：人文学科（包括文学、历史、语言学等）humanities 社会科学（包括政治、经济、社会学等）social sciences 艺术（包括音乐、雕塑等）arts 文科的总称也可以称为liberal arts 或者liberal studies 理科（包括物理、化学、生物等）sciences 工科（包括工程，自动化等）engineering 大学里的任何一个学科都可以叫做一个discipline 基础科学basic sciences 应用科学applied sciences 小学教育primary-level education 中学教育secondary-level education 大学教育tertiary-leveleducation 职业教育vocational education/ training 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/youthsTechnology & media 词汇10) 尖端的技术cutting-edged(adj) technology 信息爆炸information explosion/information overload 信息时代the information age/ the information era 无联网被广泛的使用the proliferation of the Internet 科技创新及发展technological innovations/inventions/ advances/ progressions (nouns) 提高效率augment/ enhance/ boost(vts) efficiency 提高生产效率augment/ enhance/ boost(vts) productivity 减少人力的机器（计算机发明之前的技术）labor-saving machinery11) 取代人力的机器labor-replacing machinery 自动化automation (noun)/ automated(adj) 生物技术biotechnology 克隆cloning (noun) clone (verb) 远程通讯telecommunications(noun) 太空探索（名词）space exploration 人的基因构成one’s genetic make up/ one’s DNA programmingMedia12) 实事current affairs 新闻界the press 印刷媒体（如报纸、杂志）the print media 报道新闻的机构news outlets 电子媒体the electronic media 无处不在的prevalent/ubiquitous/ pervasive 充斥着… be awash with/ be inundated with / be saturated with something 审查censor 删除delete/eliminate/ excise(vts) 过多的暴力与色情内容excessive/ gratuitous violent and pornographic contents13) 有误导性的misleading/ misrepresented/ distorted 诈骗性的fraudulent 虚假的false/ bogus 报道非常详细的细节report something in graphic detail 媒体炒作media hype 夸大事实exaggerate things/ sensationalize things/ blow things out of all proportion(最后一个口语化说法，但作文也可用) 客观公正的objective and balanced 揭露expose/reveal14) 侵犯隐私violate/intrude on/ infringe on /someone ‘ s privacy 毁坏某人的名誉tarnish/sully/smear/besmirch one’s reputation 狗仔队paparazzi(复数名词，不能加s)名人a celebrity/ celebrities(plural) 丑闻scandals 掩盖（丑闻或罪行等）cover up/gloss over/whitewash15) 不客观的，不公正的biased/skewed/unobjective 如实描写factual accounts 可信的reliable/trustworthy/dependable 及时的up-to-date/ up-to –the-minute （后者比前者更及时）信息量大的informative 娱乐性强的entertaining 有新闻价值newsworthy道德准则code of ethic 或者code of conductTourism 类词汇16) 旅游景点tourist attraction/ tourist spots/ places of interest 开阔眼界push back/broaden one’s horizon 游客与当地人互动Tourists can interact with the locals 促进文化交流promote cultural communication吸引draw/ attract/ appeal to (vts)/ be a magnet for somebody 亲身体验（名词）first-hand experience(noun) 多种感观体验的（如听觉、触觉等）multi-sensory(adj) 冲突conflict(noun, vi+with) 争端discord/ dissension17) 把游客和当地人隔绝seclude / isolate(vts) the tourists from the locals 商业化commercialize/ commodify （vts）欺骗游客的手段tourist traps 间接体验（比如通过电视或者互联网，名词）second-hand experience/ vicarious experience 文化遗产cultural heritage 互联网不会让旅游业过时The Internet will not render tourism obsolete.Government 类词汇18) 当局authorities 老百姓citizens/ the citizenry(全体公民，不可数) 规范，管理regulate/ administer/ oversee(vts) 实施implement 立法legislate/make laws 严禁strictly prohibit/ ban altogether 严格的法律stringent laws/ legislation 监督scrutiny(noun)/ scrutinize(vt)/ monitor(vt)19) 为…拨款allocate money to something/ subsidize(vt)/ be a patron of / invest in/finance(vt)/ fund(vt) dedicate money to something 预算budget 税收tax revenue 政府在某方面的开支the government spending/ expenditure on something 削减curtail 增加augment 当务之急priority 把…当成当务之急give priority to something. 责任obligation/ responsibility20) 军备竞赛arms race 自卫self-defense 国土安全national security/ homeland security缺乏远见的政策short-sighted policy 扩张expansion/ aggression 谋求霸权seek/pursue(vts) hegemony 恶性循环a vicious circle 地区不稳定因素destabilizing factor规章制度rules and regulations21) 太空竞赛space race 武器arms/ weapons/ armaments 下岗工人lay-off workers/downsize workers 失业unemployment/ joblessness 基础设施infrastructure—比如public transport system 公共交通系统，power grid 电网pipelines 石油和天然气管道water supply and drainage system 给排水系统等，民主与开放的政府a democratic and progressive governmentAnimals 类词汇22) 动物权益保护主义者animal rights activists 医学研究medical research 残忍的cruel/merciless/ inhuman/ callous/ brutal 活体解剖vivisection 麻醉anaesthetic 减轻动物的痛苦alleviate/ ease animals’ pain 宠物是主人的伙伴pets are companions of their masters 给主人心理安慰afford their masters consolation and comfort偷猎poach(vi,vt)/poaching(noun) 某一种事物是没有替代物的there are no replacement/ substitutes/ alternatives (单数则去掉s) for something.Language & Culture 必备词汇23) 一种可以通用的语言（比如英语）a lingua franca /a universal language/ a global language 英语的广泛应用the proliferation of English 英语的统治地位thedominant role/ the ascendancy / the hegemony of English 方言dialect/vernacular/the indigenous language 小语种将会消亡Lesser-known language will becomeextinct/obsolete 小语种的消亡the extinction/ demise of lesser-known languages24) 文化遗产包括有形跟无形两种，有形的入历史遗迹，无形的入风俗，仪式，传统道德观念等Cultural heritage can be divided into two groups, tangible cultural heritage, suchas historic sites and intangible heritage, such as customs, rites, rituals and mores, etc.保护preserve 祖先forefathers/ ancestors 后代descendants/posterity(后一个是不可数名词) 少数民族ethnic minorities25) 民族团结the harmony between ethnic group/ race 文化融合cultural integration and synthesis 相互影响interaction 文化多元性cultural diversity 丰富enrich 狭隘的观念insular/provincial/parochial mentality 贬低deprecated/ denigrate/minimize theimportance of /disparage/trivialize/discredit 某事不是一成不变的something is notset/carved in stoneDevelopment类常用词汇26) 生活节奏加速the tempo/pace of life has accelerated 疲劳fatigue 导致人与人的疏远create alienation between people 过于功利的materialistic/ mercenary/money-worshipping 追求最大限度利润pursue maximum profit 交通堵塞trafficjams/traffic congestions/grid block(最后一个是不可数名词) 阻碍impede/ hinder/hamper/obstruct/inhibit(vts) 扶贫poverty alleviation 就业机会job opportunity/employment opportunity 贫穷的needy/ poverty-stricken/ impoverished/ deprived/destitute/ indigent 富裕的affluent/ wealthy/ well-off27) 撞车car wrecks/ car accidents 行人pedestrians 交通肇事者traffic accidentperpetrators 违章横穿马路jaywalk(可以记忆为：周杰伦走路――不走寻常路――美特斯邦威) 监控摄像头surveillance cameras28) 有特殊审美价值的老房子old buildings of special aesthetic value (注意审美观的英文说法是aesthetic values 复数) 有历史特殊意义的老房子buildings of historicsignificance 民居vernacular dwellings 让城市更美观beautify the cities/ better thecityscape 破旧的房子decrepit/rundown/rickety/dilapidated 拆除tear down abuilding/demolish a building/raze a building/ knock down a building 高楼high-risebuilding 摩天楼skyscrapers 城市化urbanization 城乡差距the disparity between thecity and countryside 城市的urban 乡村的rural 搬迁relocate(vi,vt)29) 在家上班（动词）telecommute 休闲leisure/recreation 精神上的享受amusement and enjoyment 娱乐entertainment/diversion 宽松的管理laissez-faire management 运营成本operating costs/overhead costs 雇用recruit 会导致效率降低的counterproductive 劳动力资源labor pool 抑郁症depression 失眠sleeplessness/sleep-deprivation/insomnia 人口爆炸population explosion/population boom 控制人口birth control/family planning 爱慕虚荣的pretentious/ ostentatious 缺少运动的生活方式sedentary lifestyle 营养过剩over nourishment、Environment 类常用词汇30) 生态平衡ecological balance / ecological equilibrium 可持续发展sustainable development 环保主义者environmentalists/ conservationists 对环境无害的environmentally-friendly 节约使用conserve(vt) 保护preserve 再利用（动词）reuse/recycle 各国必须携手解决环境问题：Countries on this planet must join forces/make a concerted effort /unite to combat/tackle/resolve/address environmentalproblems. 增强公众关于…的意识raise/ elevate the public awareness of something短缺shortage/ scarcity/ dearth/ lack 给资源造成很大压力put a strain on the alreadystretched resource 破坏自然资源wreak havoc on natural resources 看法森林deforestation 污染pollute/ contaminate 有毒的poisonous/ toxic31) 增加农产品产量boost crop yield 可再生资源renewable resource 不可再生资源non-renewable resource(包括金属metal, 矿产minerals, 石油petroleum, 天然气natural gas, 煤coal 等，后三种可以总称为fossil fuels) 消耗（某种资源）consume/deplete 用尽use up/ exhaust 严厉的措施harsh action/ measures 生态系统ecosystem/ ecological system 某一地区所有的生物的总称the wildlife in a region/the biota(=flora + fauna) of a region 生物多样性biodiversity32) 污水effluent/sewage 排放discharge 温室效应greenhouse effect /global warming 严重的severe /grave 白色污染产生的垃圾non-biodegradable garbage / wastes thatcannot decompose or break down/ inorganic trash 谴责而不是纵容condemn ratherthan condone(vts) something 臭氧层ozone layer 肥沃的土壤fertile soil 贫瘠的土壤infertile soil 耕地arable land/ farmlandCrime 类常用词汇33) 触犯法律break/ violate/ flout/ disobey the law 犯罪commit a crime 罪行offences/crimes/ criminal acts 罪犯criminal/ offender/ culprit /perpetrator 从犯accomplice /accessory (noun)(后者指帮助犯罪单未直接参与的人) 憎恨社会resent society/ hold agrudge against society 囚犯inmate/convicts 受害者victim 心理创伤trauma 牢房cell 监禁imprison / incarcerate(vts) someone 被绳之以法be brought to justice34) 宽容的lenient 改造罪犯reform/ rehabilitate criminals 执法部门law enforcement agencies 重罪heinous crime/ flagitious crime/ felony 轻罪petty crime /misdemeanor 初犯的人first-time offender 惯犯hardened criminals/ repeat criminals再次犯罪revert to crime 守法的公民law-abiding citizens 遵守法律abide by/ complywith the law 无视… disregard 给某人造成心理创伤traumatize someone 抓捕trackdown/ hunt down/ capture 犯罪倾向criminal tendencyGlobalization 类常用词汇35) (一个国家或者地区的)文化特性（national or regional）cultural identity 全球文化同一化过程（名词，即地区文化特征的消失）global cultural homogenization 文化同一性（或者叫文化均质性，名词）cultural homogeneity/cultural uniformity 全球化是一把双刃剑Globalization is a two-edge sword. 地球村the global villageWomen & Family 类常用词汇36) 两性平等gender equality 性别歧视sexism/ gender discrimination 一个开明的社会a progressive/ enlightened society 被家务事拖累be tied down by household chores生育孩子child bearing(noun) 抚养孩子child rearing (noun) 母性的本能maternal instinct 家务housework / household chores37) 老年人elderly people/ senior citizens 家庭成员间的情感纽带family bonds/ family ties 归属感a sense of belonging 对…的依恋an attachment to something/ an affinityfor something 贫穷的家庭deprived families 富裕的家庭affluent families 单亲家庭single-parent household 虐待mistreat/ abuse 家庭暴力domestic violence 毒品上瘾addiction to drugs/ be addicted to drugs。
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总
雅思写作各大话题词汇汇总教育：知识+能力褒义万能理由acquire/gain/be informed of knowledge 获取知识widen one's scope of knowledge 拓展知识面have quick and easy access to something 快速接触到某物cultivate/nurture/foster skills/ability/competence 培养能力promote/accelerate the development of...促进发展motivate/drive sb. to do... 促使某人做某事improve/enhance one's physical/mental health 改善身心健康stimulate/arouse/raise one's interest in 激发某人在…的兴趣tap one’s interest in 开发某人在…的兴趣relieve/release/ease stress/pressure缓解/释放压力boost/enhance efficiency 提高效率fulfill one's potential 发展潜能tap one’s potential 挖掘潜能integrate theory with practice 理论与实践相结合set/provide a solid foundation for 为...打下坚实的基础prepare oneself for future life/career为未来生活/职业做好准备adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment/change适应环境/变化Increase their employability 增强就业适应能力cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争Raise competitiveness 提升竞争力Expand social circle扩大交际圈Develop one’s ability to adapt to the society培养某人适应社会的能力Rekindle students` enthusiasm about…重新点燃学生们对于...的热情strengthen students` willpower 锻炼学生们的意志力Keep skills fresh and up-to-date 使得技能可以与时俱进Become outstanding/prominent 脱颖而出Become proficient in reading and writing skills 熟练地掌握读写技能Improve their analytical skills 提高他们的分析能力Sharpen their skill 强化技能Help students to grasp a wide range of skills 帮助学生掌握广泛的技能Hone their problem-solving skills 提升它们解决问题的能力Promote students’ intellectual growth 促进学生思维能力发展Develop their observation skills 发展观察能力Foster students’ critical thinking abilities 培养学生的辩证思维能力Increase their logical thinking skills 增进逻辑思维能力Encourage and nurture their creative development and imagination 鼓励培养他们创造力和想象力Enhance their interpersonal communication skills 提升人际沟通能力Equip them with employment skills 装备就业技能Increase their employ-ability 增进它们的就业适应性Improve their career prospects after graduation 提升学生毕业之后的职业发展前景Find a decent job 找到体面的工作Develop self-discipline 发展自制力Enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质Develop their skills (thinking and learning skills; problem-solving skills, social skills, communication skills, cooperating skills; creative ability, artistic skills) 发展他们的技能(思考和学习能力；解决问题的能力；社交能力；交流能力；合作；创新；艺术)Improve their academic skills 提高他们的学术技能Gain/lack practical experience 获得/缺乏实践经验Lack self-discipline 缺乏自我约束力Increase/enhance their independence 增强独立性Develop good learning habits 形成良好的习惯Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能Teach their children good manners 教给孩子良好的举止Meet/satisfy students’ needs/demands满足学生的需要boost children's confidence 提升自信sharpen one' employment skills 强化就业技能Shape one’s character 养成良好的性格Boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能broaden one's knowledge and open one's view 拓展知识和开拓视野better prepare themselves for future life 为将来的生活做好更好的准备face the challenge 面对挑战cope with the fierce/intense competition 应对激烈的竞争give equal education opportunities to economically-disadvantaged students 给贫穷的学生提供平等的教育机会have a good grasp of lessons 很好地掌握课堂知识have a good mastery of communication skills 熟练掌握交流技能strengthen adaptability 提升适应性advance their career 促进他们的职业发展strengthen one’s operative skills 提高操作技能boost their life skills 提升他们的生活技能enhance comprehensive quality 提高综合素质receive quality education 接受素质教育贬义万能理由：耗时间idle away their time破坏孩子的身体/心理健康damage theirphysical/psychological well-being 分散学生的注意力distract students from...沉迷于be addicted to/be indulged in/ indulge oneself in /be obsessed with 加重学习压力intensify academic pressure 让孩子们变得软弱weaken children`s willpower削弱学生对于...的兴趣sap/ dampen students` interest in浪费孩子的潜力waste youngsters` potential导致理论与实践相脱节disconnect theory from practice扼杀/伤害创造力stifle/undermine creativity降低效率lower/diminish efficiency让学生产生挫败感frustrate students让学生疲惫不堪make students exhausted变得消极/失去动力get demotivated失去个性lose individuality伤害他们的自尊damage their self-esteem削弱他们的信心diminish their self-confidence教育话题其他必备表达:高等教育high-level/university/tertiary education初级教育low-level/elementary/primary education义务教育compulsory education应试教育exam-oriented education素质教育quality-oriented education全面发展的教育education for all-round development环境话题Solutionconserve resources 节约资源preserve the environment 保护环境promote sustainable development 促进可持续发展raise / elevate citizen`s awareness of 提高公民的…意识harness natural resources开发自然资源enrich biodiversity 丰富生物多样性reduce car emissions 减少尾气排放recycle something 循环利用某物renewable energy可再生资源non-renewable energy不可再生资源degradable materials可降解的材料shoulder one`s responsibility 承担责任protect/preserve wild animals 保护野生动物use resources properly 正确利用资源support and encourage the use of sustainable energy sources 支持并鼓励使用具有可持续性的能源reduce global dependence on fossil fuels 减少全球对化石燃料的依赖Achieve a higher level of environmental development 在发展过程当中实现更高程度的环境可持续性reduce private car use 减少对私家车的使用Reduce the excessive reliance on fossil fuels 减少对化石燃料的过渡依赖Control industrial pollution 控制工业污染develop clean energy projects发展清洁能源工程Formulate some related policies and rules and regulations 制定相关政策和法律法规Issue/launch environment-related laws出台环境相关的法律Regulate one’s behavior规范人们的行为Raise public’s green awareness 提高环保意识Reduce greenhouse gas emission 减少温室气体的排放Reduce our dependence on private cars 减少我们对私家车的依赖Walk or cycle to and from work 步行或骑自行车上下班Raise/arouse/evoke public awareness/consciousness of environmental issues 提高/唤醒公众对于环境问题的意识Increase the public`s environmental awareness 提高公众的环境意识Environmental education campaigns 大规模的环境教育宣传活动Media coverage of environmental issues 媒体对于环境问题的报道Be educated about environmental issues at school 在学校里接受关于环境问题的教育Public education programs on environmental protection 关于环境保护的公众教育项目arouse/evoke people's consciousness of environmental protection 唤醒人们的环境保护意识guarantee the sustainable development 保证可持续发展correct our near-sightedness 改正我们的短见develop renewable / alternative / cleaner / greener energy 发展可再生（清洁）能源launch environment-related laws 建立环境相关的法律enforce strict laws and regulations 实施严格的法律法规recyclable materials 可重复利用的材料non-renewable sources 不可再生资源degradable materials 可降解的材料环境话题Problems/Reasons消耗资源consume/ deplete resources严重破坏环境ruin/ devastate the environment环境恶化the deterioration of environment以生态为代价发展经济push forward the economy at the expense of ecosystem滥用自然资源misuse natural resources使生态系统恶化aggravate the ecosystem威胁生物多样性jeopardize biodiversity忽视尾气问题overlook the emission problem扔掉某物throw something away逃避某人的责任shirk one`s responsibility威胁野生动物的生存endanger wild animals耗尽资源use up /exhaust人类活动对自然资源构成压力human activities put pressure on natural resources对自然资源构成严重的压力put a severe strain on natural resources对于某事物的需求已经远远超过了供给the demand for...has far exceeded the supply过度地开采自然资源over-exploit natural resources正在以不具有可持续性的速度被消耗be depleted at an unsustainable rate对于自然资源快速上升的需求the rapidly rising demand for natural resources 破坏环境harm/damage/ do harm to the environment威胁到环境pose a threat to／threaten the environment环境的恶化the deterioration of the environment对化石能源的过渡依赖an excessive dependence on fossil fuels 见证污染能源的衰竭witness the sudden collapse of dirty energy逆转对河流和森林的伤害reverse the damage to the rivers and forests暴露在污染中会威胁健康the exposure to pollution pose a threat to health导致可怕的后果lead to dire consequences让地球变得不那么适于居住make the planet less habitable for our species对生态系统的破坏是不可逆转的the damage to the ecosystemis irreversible 对生态系统产生极其严重的破坏have devastating effects on the ecosystem工作类seize employment就业hunt jobs 找工作succeed in finding decent jobs 成功找到体面的工作get a well-paid job 找到高薪工作have access to a larger social circle 能够通往更大的社交圈promote job satisfaction 提高工作满意度fulfill/realize their ambitions 实现他们的梦想gain a sense of fulfillment 收获充实感live／lead a comfortable life 过着舒服的生活cover living expenses 支付生活费enter the workforce 参加工作adapt to the workplace 适应职场manage to overcome the difficulties 成功克服问题keep pace with the relentless urbanization 跟上快速的城市化进程high employment rate has far-reaching effects. 高的就业率有深远的影响。
雅思写作核心词汇总结（全）
雅思写作核心词汇总结（全）写作核心词汇总结交通类1. automobile industry 汽车工业2. boost the economic development 促进经济发展promote3. levy the tax 征税raise，impose4. modernization 现代化5. be viewed as … 被视为是…Automobile industry which boosts the economic development is viewed as the symbol of modernization.6. be concerned about … 对…担忧/关注…7. pollution-free fuel petrol 无污染燃料environment friendly8. luxury 奢侈品goods9. chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒10. fill… with …使…充斥着11. popularization of cars 汽车普及12. lay more emphasis on… 把重心放在…13. observe traffic regulations 遵守交通规则14. break traffic regulations 违反交通规则15. get stuck in traffic 遇上堵车16. rush hour 上下班高峰时间off-peak17. ease the traffic pressure 缓解交通压力18. pedestrian 行人19. pavement 人行道20. zebra crossing 斑马线21. over speed 超速行驶22. bottleneck 交通堵塞地区23. settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律24. impose restrictions on … 对…实施限制25. short-sighted 目光短浅的26. non-renewable resources 不可再生资源27. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳28. a pillar industry 支柱产业29. make full use of … 充分利用solar power30. road networks 公路网31. speed limits 限速32. enhance the quality of life Promote，boost 提高生活质量living standard33. pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价34. promote the development of relative industries 促进相关产业发展35. traffic engineering 交通运输工程36. the increasing number of car ownership 汽车拥有量增加37. call for … 需要…The government to introduce policies which are effective/practical and efficient.38. overcrowded 过度拥挤的39. violator 违规者40. headache 令人头痛的事41. traffic accidents 交通事故42. head-way 进展43. conflic t with … 与…相冲突crisis44. major /main cause 主要原因45. be replaced by … 被…所取代46. provide convenience for … 为…提供便利47. curb… 限制…bean curd，方块48. dilemma 进退两难49. encourage somebody to do something鼓励某人去做某事50. energy-saving 节能的time-consuming ,money-saving社会类1. urbanization 城市化rural2. centralization 集中化3. imbalance 不平衡4. in the long run 从长远角度而言5. infrastructure 基础设施Construction of6. booming 繁荣发展的baby booming7. tertiary industry 第三产业8. tranquility 宁静9. revenue 税收cost outweigh levy, raise, impose meet10. commercialization 商业化Mercury11. traffic congestion 交通拥挤overcrowded12. water scarcity 水短缺drought13. the environmental pollution 环境污染14. over-industrialization 过度工业化15. over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16. unemployment 失业rate17. wealth distribution 财富分配The Principle of 20/80 indicates that….18. social instability 社会动荡19. urban construction 城市建设20. population explosion 人口激增The increasing number of population，21. a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22. drain of energy and resources能源和资源消耗23. offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24. a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活Contribute to25. stress-related illnesses与压力有关的疾病26. high cost of living 高额生活费用27. pastoral life 田园生活28. class polarization 阶级两极分化Koala bear29. social welfare 社会福利30. give special care to …给予…特殊关照31. urban sprawl 城市扩张32. convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具mean girl33. better medical services 更好的医疗服务34. pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35. be vulnerable to …易于患上…fragile36. melting pot 熔炉37. on the brink of … 处于…边缘Edgy38. pollutant 污染性物质39. waste disposal 废物处理40. put the blame on … 归咎于…41. be attributable to … 归因为…42. ways of consumption 消费方式43. suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44. citizen 居民netizen45. be confronted with… 面临着…46. breed crimes 滋生犯罪47. vicious cycle 恶性循环48. a feasible measure/ meanPractical一种可行的措施people in need49. give priority to … 优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划者Foodsour and sweet fishCuisinespicy foodlow in fatchopsticksknife and forkhigh in fatrich in vitamin C Aussie kiwifruit mangococktailvinegar and olive oilChinese saladHerbs，seasonI’m allergic to sthIt tastes funny.BitterStewSteamed breadStir fried chichen/beef/Hot potbakeT-boneYummyTaste good/ fantastic Cheese and cream Tastes good but smells smelly. Nutrition Hygienic and healthy SpecialChef recommendationMusicMelodylyricsToneHeavy metalDrumsSymphony，orchestra Harmony，released and refreshedPopCountry musicJazzFolkClassicChordInstrumentConcertLove songs，sad songsnc-beijingjiaoxue-w@/doc/9b6910530.html, 媒体类1. paparazzi 狗仔队2. mass media 大众媒体3. entertainment 娱乐4. journalism 新闻业5. journal 期刊6. the latest news 最新消息7. exclusive news 独家新闻8. news agency 新闻社9. news block out 新闻封锁10. news censorship 新闻审查11. freedom of the press新闻自由12. news coverage 新闻报道13. do reportage on … 报导…14. hit the headlines 上头条15. issue 出版、发行16. newsstand 报摊17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人18. chief editor 总编CEO chief executive officerCFO19. editorial 社论20. newsworthy 值得报道的It doesn’t worth it.21. barometer 晴雨表22. the barometer of public opinion舆论的晴雨表23. live broadcast 直播On the air24. quiz show 智力竞争节目25. game show 游戏节目26. variety show 综合节目gala27. talk show 脱口秀Opera，28. sitcom 情景喜剧29. soap opera 肥皂剧30. movie star 电影明星31. movie king 影帝32. movie queen 影后33. affair 绯闻have affair34. celebrity 名人Celebrate35. fame 名声36. rise to fame 声名鹊起37. fans 粉丝38. invade one’s privacy 侵扰了…的隐私39. misleading 误导性的40. cheating 欺骗性的41. popularity 知名度42. scandal 丑闻43. sensational 轰动的44. prevalent 普遍的、流行的45. imperative 重要的、必要的Important，significant Principle46. audience ratings 收视率47. propaganda 宣传brain washing48. be abducted by 受…诱导49. purify one’s soul净化心灵Soulmate50. live in a virtual world生活在一个虚拟世界中51. be a great comfort to somebody对…来说是一个巨大安慰52. meet different tastes满足不同口味53. provide somebody with something 给…提供…54. follow the fashion blindly盲目追逐时尚Set up / arrange Blind date55. commit crimes 犯罪56. be inconceivable to somebody对…来说是难以想象的57. impressive 给人印象深刻的58. right to know 知情权59. in the disguise of… 打着…的幌子White lieSplit60. endanger social stability and safety危害社会稳定和安全媒体类二1. information era 信息时代2. keep one informed about something 使人们了解…3. audience/viewers 观众4. have unhealthy and harm ful effec ts on… 对…有不良影响5. information-explosion society 信息爆炸的社会6. influential 有影响的7. revolutionize the way we acquire information 彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8. blessing 福9. curse 祸10. various thrilling programs 各种各样激动人心的节目11. poor-quality programs 低质量节目12. ever-accelerated 不断发展的13. exaggerate 夸张14. enjoyable 令人享受的15. fashionable 时尚的16. electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射17. psychological illnesses 心理疾病18. isolated 孤僻的19. unimaginative 缺乏想象力的20. unsociable 不好社交的21. deprive somebody of one’s imaginatio n and creativity 使…丧失了想象力和创造力22. jeopardize one’s health 危害健康23. be exposed to… 了解到…接触到…24. find its way into every family 进入千家万户25. global village 地球村26. be indulged in… 沉溺于…27. be addicted to … 对…上瘾28. be fascinated by … 被…所吸引29. be dependent on … 依赖…30. second-hand information 二手信息31. go astray 误入歧途32. embark on the criminal road 走上犯罪道路33. irresistible 无法抵制的34. hallmark 标志35. create topics of discussion 制造交谈话题36. critical thinking 批判性思维37. powerful means of communication 有力的交流工具38. main cause 主因39. tempting 有诱惑力的40. reliable 可靠的41. family attachment 家庭归属感42. mutual understanding 相互了解43. alienation of affection 感情疏远44. be sick of … 对…厌倦45. generation gap 代沟46. exchanges of feelings 感情交流47. emotional bond 感情纽带48. strengthen family ties 加强家庭纽带关系49. be detached from reality 与现实隔绝50. distinguish right from wrong 明辨是非51. edifying 有教育意义的52. couch potato 电视迷53. be harmful to … 对…有害54. imitate 模仿55. inexpressible 难以形容的56. physical and mental health 身心健康57. stimulate one’s imagination and creativ ity 激发某人想象力和创造力58. unwholesome lifestyle. 不健康的生活方式59. a great deal of information 大量的信息60. disinteresting 令人索然无味的工作类1.ambitious 雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的aspiration2. adaptability 适应性3.adapt oneself to …使自己适应…4. prosperity 繁荣booming5. be disadvantageous to …对…不利6. flow of personnel 人才流动7. mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制8. survival of the fittest 适者生存9. a sense of accomplishment成就感10. potentiality 潜能11. learn to cooperate and compromise学习合作和妥协T eam work Team leader12. be deeply i mpressed with …对…印象很深impressive13. company philosophy 企业文化14. flexibility 灵活性yoga15. competitive 竞争激烈的16. arena 舞台，市场竞技场17. team-work spirit团队合作精神18. treasure opportunity珍惜机会19. a fat salary 收入颇丰fluffy，蓬松baby fat20. a harmoniousinterpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系I’m seeing someone.21. a sense of responsibility责任感Be Willing to Shoulder more responsibility22. material gains 物质待遇23. promising future光明的前途24. bright prospect 光明的前景25. a challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作26. turning point 转折点27. be closely relat ed to …与…息息相关28. get advanced in the society出人头地29. a decent job 一份体面的工作30. chance of promotion升迁机会31. stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感32. keep skills fresh and up-to-date使技能可以不断更新33. expand one’s outlook 开阔视野horizon34. balance work and life平衡工作和生活Business is business.35. from-nine-to-five 朝九晚五一族36. shoulder/undertake one’s responsibility承担起自己的责任37. upgrade oneself 提升自我38. a well-paid job 高收入工作39. creative work 创造性工作40. stand up to / meet the challenge迎接挑战41. realize the value of life effectuate 实现人生价值42. enrich one’s social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历43. cultivate one’s independence and toughness培养自己的独立性和坚韧性44. seek for personal development追求个人发展45. display one’s talent 展示才能46. a sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感Elite 精英47. promotion opportunity 提升机会48. meet one’s personalized needs满足某人个性化需求49. define one’s role确定自己的角色50. social recognition 社会认可51. accumulate experience获取经验52. inspiring 鼓舞人心的53. motivation 动机54. workaholic 工作狂55. working environment 工作环境56. work overtime 加班57. i mprove one’s capabilities提高某人能力58. develop one’s talents培养才智59. ideal workplace 理想工作场所Decent60. master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往技能动物保护类vivid，Viva，1. vivisection 活体解剖2. perform experiments on animals在动物身上做试验3. test animals 用于实验的动物Colony 实验对照组4. be subjected to experiments被迫接受试验5. animal rights 动物权利Human6. clinical research 临床研究7. cruel 残忍的8. extremist 极端主义者9. medical research 医学研究10. origin of species 物种起源11. alternative method 替代的方法12. biological diversity 生物多样性13. natural balance 自然平衡14. equilibrium of ecosystem 生态平衡15. coexistence 共存16. endangered animals 濒危动物17. diversity of species 物种多样性18. shameless 令人羞愧的19. barbaric 野蛮的20. live and let live 活着就是与万物共存To be or not to be21. meaningless 没有意义的22. dominant species 优势物种23. laboratory 实验室24. vaccine 疫苗25. infringement 践踏invade26. right to live 生存权27. torture 折磨I’m tortured by IELTS.28. anti-science 反科学的29. life-threatening diseases危及生命的疾病Stress-related illnesses30. scientific gains 科学成果31. an ever-lasting theme 一个永恒的主题Live happily ever after32. evolution 进化33. computer simulation 电脑模拟34. groundless 没有理由的On the ground 实际35. humane 人道的36. medical technology 医疗技术37. anatomy 解剖38. equal 公平的39. unreliable 不可信赖的40. valid 有效的、正当的语言类1. ambiguity 歧义2. denotation 字面意思3. connotation 暗含意思。
雅思写作高频词汇
雅思写作高频词汇高频形容词1.贫穷的poor=needy=impoverished=poverty=stricken2.富裕的rich=wealthy=affluent=well-to-do=well-off3.优秀的excellent=eminent=top=outstanding4.积极的，好的good=conductive=beneficial=advantageous5.消极的，不良的bad=conduction=baneful=undesirable6.明显的obvious= apparent=evident=manifest7.健康的healthy=robust=sound=wholesome8.惊人的surprising=amazing=extraordinary9.美丽的beautiful=attractive=gorgeous=eye-catching10.有活力的energetic=dynamic=vigorous=animated11.流行的popular=prevailing=prevalent=pervasive高频动词1.提高，加强improve=enhance=promote=strengthen=optimize2.引起cause=trigger=endanger3.解决solve=resolve=address=tackle=cope with=deal with4.培养develop=cultivate=foster=nurture5.拆除destroy=tear down=knock down=eradicate6.激发，鼓励encourage=motivate=stimulate=spur7.认为think=assert=hold8.完成complete=fulfill=accomplish=achieve9.保留keep=preserve=retain=hold10.有害于destroy=impair=undermine=jeopardize11.减轻ease=alleviate=relieve=lighten高频名词1.影响influence=impact2.危险danger=peril=hazards3.污染pollution=contamination4.人类human beings=mankind=human race5.老人old people=the old=the elderly=the aged=senior citizens6.幸福happiness=cheerfulness=well-being7.老师teacher=instructors=educators=lecturers8.教育education=schooling=family parenting=upbringing9.青少年young people=youngsters=youths=adolescents10.优点advantage=merits=superiority=virtue11.责任responsibility=obligation=duty=liability12.能力ability=capacity=powers=skill13.职业job=career=employment=profession14.娱乐enjoyment=pastimes=recreation=entertainment15.孩子children=offspring=descendant=kid高频短语1.充满了be filled with=be awash with=be awash with=be inundate with=be saturated with2.努力struggle for=aspire after=strive for=spare no efforts for3.从事embark on=take up=set about=go in for4.在当代in contemporary society=in present-day society=in this day age5.大量的a host of=a multitude of= a vast number of= a vast amount of。
雅思写作必备的高频词汇完全篇
IELTS 写作高频宝典absurd荒诞的addictive上瘾的affectionate有感情的aggressive有长进心的alert敏锐的；警惕的arduous费力的artistic艺术的authoritative威望性的awkward难堪的balanced均衡的cogent令人服气的cold-blooded冷血的cold-hearted无情的compassionate富裕怜悯心的compatible兼容的complicated复杂的confident自信的contemptible可鄙的contributive有贡献的corrupt腐败的delicious美味爽口的demanding要求高的describle值得要的detrimental有害的devious偏离正道的dishonorable不但彩的disturbed遇到扰乱的eccentric怪异的economical经济的enlightened开通的；文明的evil险恶的exotic异国的fallacious荒诞的fashionable时兴的feaible可行的fictitious虚假的flexile灵巧多样的fruitful有收效的glamorous富裕魅力的gorgeous绚烂的humane人道的ignorant(of)忽视的；无知的impressive令人印象深刻的inborn天生的incompatible不调解的incompatible不睦适合的inconceivable不行思议的indecent不当的；不检点的indifferent冷淡的indispensable不行或缺的inexhaustible取之不尽的infectious传染性的inferior低人一等的infirm（身体）弱的influential有影响力的ingrain根深蒂固的inhumane不人道的initially第一innocent多管闲事的inquistitive有害无益insalubrious有教育意义的instructive智力的intellectual中间的；过渡的interim人际关系的interpersonal亲密的intimate不行入侵的inviolable内在的inward不行挽回的irreparable不行抵挡的irresistible不行挽回的irritating烦人的isolated(from)隔断的laudable可赞美的lavishly大方的legitimate合法的loyal忠诚的luxurious豪侈的magnanimous宽弘大批的mature成熟的misleading误导的misrepresented不照实表达的money-oriented向钱看的multilateral对方面的nourishih有营养的obscure艰涩的old-fashioned/out of date过时的palatable美味的perilous危险的permissive宽容的；允许的pernicious有害无益的pornographic色情的potential潜伏的practial实质的；求实的preferential优惠的pressing紧急的prevailing占主导地位的；流行的professional专业的prosperous繁华富强的prudent理智的psychological心理上rational理性的resentful愤慨的reverse相反的rewarding值得的ridiculous荒诞的rigid严格的r ough大略的self-contemptuous自卑的shabby破旧不堪的shelrered受保护的sociable好交际的sole独一的stern/strict严格的stressful有压力的stringent严苛的stylish时兴的superficial表面现象的tempting吸引人的time-honored久享盛名的traditional传统的typical典型的unadvised草率的uncompromising不当协的unconcerned冷淡的uneasy不自在的unethical不道德的unfeeling冷淡的unhealthy不健康的unified同一标准的unique独到的unjust不公正的unsrupulous明目张胆的unsociable不擅长交际的untimely不睦适合的unwholesome不健康的utterly完整；绝对地vexing令人烦忧的vivid形象的voluntary自发的vulnerable易受损害的well-grounded有充分原因的wholesome健康的abide by/obey/observe恪守abolish取销abuse凌虐；滥用accommodate供应；调理acquire获得adore崇敬；倾慕allocate分派alter改变appral to/attract吸引approach对待；办理approve of同意arise出现arouse激发assume肩负（责任）attach给予；粘上attain/obtain/acquire获得；获得attend参加；就读ban严禁blossom旺达boom 繁华bring sb./sth.sintosfull play充分⋯⋯ 的极性censorcharacterize以⋯⋯ 特点charge收cherish珍claim 声称coexist共存coincide with与⋯⋯ 符合collect采集commute来回来回于condemnconsult咨contaminate染contribute to献crack down on打cultivate培育defy 不听从；藐degenerate退化degrade使降depreciatedeprive(of)剥desert扔掉detect侦察deter阻挡deteriorate恶化determine决定disclose揭穿discourage负灰心diversify使多样化divbert使分心dominate占优势drop out休学；放弃eliminate除去endanger危害enlighten启迪enrich丰富entertain款待；娱乐evaluate评论evolve演变exaggerate夸张exert施加（压力）expel清除；开除explore研究expose揭穿give full play to充分guarantee保；担保hamper阻碍；制hinder/impede/block/hamper阻挡idealize理想化identify辨ignore无；不搭理imitate模拟impair危害；害impose/confine/place restrictions on/restrict/limit限制incur导致；引inflict使⋯⋯ 蒙受inherit承innovate改革新invent money in投install/set up/erect/fix/mount安装lavish浪maltreat凌虐maximize最大化minimize使最小化mould/build塑造neglect忽oblige迫observe/follow遵照overcome战胜（困难）participate参加perform执行；表演please取悦preserve保存；保护prohibit严禁publicize宣传pursue追求quit放弃quote引用refine精华reflect反应reform改革refresh使恢复regulate管束；调控rehabilitate改造reject剔除relax涵养release开释render赐予represent代表resort to速诸于；采纳restore重修；恢复restrain拘束retain保存roam闲逛sacrifice牺牲shirk回避shun回避signify表示；意味spoil/ indulge宠坏；宠爱spread流传steer驶向；掌舵stick to坚持stimulate刺激stipulate/set规定subsitute取代supervise 监察control控制surpass超出survive生计threaten威迫tolerate忍耐treasure珍爱trigger引起underestimate低估undermine危害unload挣脱负担vanish消逝wither退化；萎缩wreck摧毁abolishment取销absurdity荒诞；谬论abuse 滥用achievement 成绩acqaintance熟人adaptation改写；适应admiration崇敬adventurer/explorer探险者adversee impact负面影响adversity窘境affection友谊 /感情alienation疏远ambition理想amusement娱乐anecdote逸闻apathy 冷淡无情approach鼓掌architecture建筑art艺术assault攻击assessment评估association联想；联系athlete运动员availability可获得的东西barrier阻碍behavior行为beneficiacry得益人budget估算burden负担campaign运动candidate候选人capacity能力celebrity名人character性格charecteristic特点charm魅力clerk职员cohesion凝集力colleague同事collectivism集体主义comfort舒坦commercial商业广告commercialization商业化commodity商品companion/partner伙伴conformity一致conssensus赞同consultation咨询consumption花费content内容contentment满意；知足contribution贡献correlation有关性costume服饰creativity创建性criteria条件cruelty残忍customer顾客cybercrime网络犯法depression丧气；低落deprivation剥夺descendant后辈deterioration恶化detour绕道developed countries发达国家developing countries发展中国家digestion消化汲取dignity尊严discipline纪律discomfort不舒畅discontent不知足discrimination鄙视；差别disgust 讨厌disorder无序状态disorientation迷失方向感disposition性格distraction扰乱diversity多样化；多样性domain 领域duplication重复（建设）durationeconomy耐用employee雇员employer雇主endeavor努力做enjoyment享受enthusiasm热忱；狂热equality同等evaluation评论expection例外exhibition展览exploration探险export出口favor爱好feature特点fidelity忠实flexibility灵巧性forefather/ancestors先人freedom自由frustration挫折gallery美术馆garment服饰goodwill好心grace精致graduate毕业生guardian监护人halt停止；停止hardship困难险阻heritage遗产horizon地平线hostility敌对humanity人性idol偶像immunity免疫力import入口indication迹象indictment指控indifference不关怀individuality个性化industry工业；行业inequality不同等infrastructure基础设备ingenuity独创性initiative主动性instruction教育instructor教师integrity诚实intellectual知识分子intelligence智能interaction交际interference干预interpretation解说intolerance不宽容intrusiveness干预involvement参加jealousy忌妒jogging慢跑joint effort共同努力journalist/correspondent记者joy/delight欢喜lack缺少landmark标记性建筑；里程碑license执照life expectancy/life span寿命literacy读写能力manufacturer制造商match般配measure丈量；评估millennium千年minority少量人miscondust行为不端morality道德motion《恶性字符本帖子与本站没关请各位用户实时提示管理员删除》muscle肌肉myoplia近视nationality民族；国籍norm准则notoin看法；想法obligation义务obsacle阻碍物occupation职业opponent敌手originality独创性outcome产物outlook看法；风景participation参加pastime消遣peer同龄人penalty刑罚；处分perseverance坚韧不拔personality性格perspective见解popularity普及；流行popularization普及practice做法precaution防备prerogative特权principle原则profession/occupation职业proficiency精晓promotion提高prospect远景prosperity繁华protocol协议prudence谨慎public opinion舆论punishment处罚purity贞洁性rebellion反叛recovery恢复regression衰败regulator监控者reliability可心度remedy/therapy疗法remote education远程教育revelation揭露 /表现revenue总收入reward奖励；酬劳rumor/gossip谣言；听说satisfaction知足self-discipline自律self-respect/self-esteem自尊心shortcoming弊端side-effect副作用signal信号skyscraper摩天大楼sociologist社会学家soul灵魂specialty专业spelling拼写status地位stereotype偏见straightforwardness坦直strain压力；过分劳苦strategy策略strength实力stress压力substance物质supplement增补sympathy怜悯symptom症状talent人材teenager青少年temper性情；浮躁tempatation迷惑threshold初步tip提示；技巧tolerance宽容tragedy惨剧trait特点trap圈套triviality杂事troblemaker捣蛋者tutor导师uniformity一致vanity虚荣心varety多样性；种类verdict裁决vexation烦忧victim受害者vitality/vigor/energy/vim活力；精力void空虚warmth暖和weakness弊端withdrawal退出；撤离zeal热忱。
雅思写作高分必备话题类词汇
雅思写作高分必备话题类词汇（工作类）1.ambitious雄心壮志的、野心勃勃的2.adaptability适应性3.adapt oneself to…使自己适应…4.prosperity繁荣5.be disadvantageous to…对…不利6.flow of personnel人才流动7.mechanism of personnel flow人才流动机制8.survival of the fittest适者生存9.a sense of accomplishment成就感10.potentiality潜能11.learn to cooperate and comprise学习合作和妥协12.be deeply impressed with…对…印象很深pany philosophy企业文化14.flexibility灵活性petitive竞争激烈的16.arena舞台17.team-work spirit团队合作精神18.treasure opportunity珍惜机会19.a fat salary收入颇丰20.a harmonious interpersonal relationship和谐的人际关系21.a sense of responsibility责任感22.material gains物质待遇23.promising future光明的前途24.bright prospect光明的前景25.a challenging job一份具有挑战性的工作26.turning point转折点27.be closely related to…与…息息相关28.get advanced in the society出人头地29.a decent job一份体面的工作30.chance of promotion升迁机会31.stability and satisfaction稳定感和满足感32.keep skills fresh and up-to-date使技能可以不断更新33.expand one's horizon开阔视野34.balance work and life平衡工作和生活35.from-nine-to-five朝九晚五一族36.shoulder/undertake one's responsibility承担起自己的责任37.upgrade oneself提升自我38.a well-paid job高收入工作39.creative work创造性工作40.stand up to/meet the challenge迎接挑战41.realize the value of life实现人生价值42.enrich one's social experience丰富一个人的社会阅历44.seek for personal development追求个人发展45.display one's talent展示才能46.a sense of self-fulfillment自我实现感47.promotion opportunity提升机会48.meet one's personalized needs满足某人个性化需求49.define one's role确定自己的角色50.social recognition社会认可51.accumulate experience获取经验52.inspiring鼓舞人心的53.motivation动机54.workaholic工作狂55.working environment工作环境56.work overtime加班57.improve one's capabilities提高某人能力58.develop one's talents培养才智59.ideal workplace理想工作场所60.master interpersonal skills掌握人际交往技能雅思写作高分必备话题类词汇(教育类）传授知识impart(vt.)/inculcate(vt.)knowledge灌输高尚的道德观instill(vt.)high moral values培养（某种素质）cultivate/foster/nurture(vts.)心理健康psychological soundness/well-being/welfare(adj)塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt)one’s character责任感a sense of obligation能力(先天获得)aptitude/talent能力（后天学习得到）ability/skill学生接受的学校教育（n）schooling(n)儿童接受的家庭教育（n）upbringing(n)parenting(n)教学法methodology/pedagogical methodology用填鸭式教学来教育学生force-feed(vt.)the students死记硬背learn things by rote应用apply盲从follow something blindly/indiscriminately(adv)产生不必要的压力beget/create undue pressure把学生分开教育（如根据课堂上的表现）segregate(vt.)students 来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure适应能力adaptability逆境adverse circumstances/adversity团队精神team spirit(n)独立思考thing independently(adv)在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding学生的反馈students’feedback/input学生学习的各门功课加在一起称为curriculum(n)具体一门课的教学大纲syllabus课外活动叫extra-curricular activities学校是社会的缩影a school is society inminiature不遵守纪律indiscipline/misbehavior/mischief(n)不遵守纪律的学生disruptive/unrulystudents（adj）理论知识theoretical knowledge就业技能employable/marketable skills通才generalist专才specialist全面发展的well-rounded/versatile(adj)社会学科（政治经济学社会学的）social sciences艺术（音乐雕塑等）arts文科也可以总称为liberal arts/liberal studies理科（物理化学生物学等）sciences工科（工程自动化等）engineering大学里任何一个学科都有可以叫discipline基础科学basic sciences应用科学applied sciences小学教育primary-level education中学教育secondary-level education大学教育tertiary-level education职业教育vocational education/training青少年（复数）youths/youngsters/adolescents雅思写作高分必备话题类词汇（媒体类）rmation era信息时代2.keep one informed about something使人们了解…3.audience/viewers观众4.have unhealthy and harmful effects on…对…有不良影响rmation-explosion society信息爆炸的社会6.influential有影响的7.revolutionize the way we acquire information彻底改变了我们获取信息的方式8.blessing福9.curse祸10.various thrilling programs各种各样激动人心的节目11.poor-quality programs低质量节目12.ever-accelerated不断发展的13.exaggerate夸张14.enjoyable令人享受的15.fashionable时尚的16.electromagnetic radiation电磁辐射17.psychological illnesses心理疾病18.isolated孤僻的19.unimaginative缺乏想象力的20.unsociable不好社交的21.deprive somebody of one's imagination and creativity使…丧失了想象力和创造力22.jeopardize one's health危害健康23.be exposed to…了解到…接触到…24.find its way into every family进入千家万户25.global village地球村26.be indulged in…沉溺于…27.be addicted to…对…上瘾28.be fascinated by…被…所吸引29.be dependent on…依赖…30.second-hand information二手信息31.go astray误入歧途32.embark on the criminal road走上犯罪道路33.irresistible无法抵制的34.hallmark标志35.create topics of discussion制造交谈话题36.critical thinking批判性思维37.powerful means of communication有力的交流工具38.main cause主因39.tempting有诱惑力的40.reliable可靠的41.family attachment家庭归属感42.mutual understanding相互了解43.alienation of affection感情疏远44.be sick of…对…厌倦45.generation gap代沟46.exchanges of feelings感情交流47.emotional bond感情纽带48.strengthen family ties加强家庭纽带关系49.be detached from reality与现实隔绝50.distinguish right from wrong明辨是非51.edifying有教育意义的52.couch potato电视迷53.be harmful to…对…有害54.imitate模仿55.inexpressible难以形容的56.physical and mental health身心健康57.stimulate one's imagination and creativity激发某人想象力和创造力58.unwholesome lifestyle.不健康的生活方式59.a great deal of information大量的信息60.disinteresting令人索然无味的。
(完整word版)雅思写作话题词汇(全).
雅思写作话题分类词汇教育与学业考试频率：★★★★★Education and study 教育与学业1、Teaching methods 教学方法7、Generation gap 代沟2、Educational facilities 教育设施8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’ problems 青少年问题3、Academic subjects 学校科目9、Studying abroad 留学话题4、Computer and learning(teaching) 电脑与学习（教学）10、Taking a part—time job 兼职工作5、Personal development 个人发展 11、Parents’/Teachers' responsibilities 父母/教师责任6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费真题重现In schools and universities， some girls tend to choose arts subjects， while boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed?Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals。
To what extent do you agree or disagree？分类词汇加油站1。
scope of knowledge 知识面 2。
雅思作文话题词汇
雅思作文话题词汇1. 全球化：- 跨国公司 (Transnational Corporations) - 文化同质化 (Cultural Homogenization) - 经济一体化 (Economic Integration)- 移民潮 (Migration Waves)- 国际合作 (International Cooperation)2. 教育：- 学术压力 (Academic Pressure)- 终身学习 (Lifelong Learning)- 教育不平等 (Educational Inequality)- 知识经济 (Knowledge Economy)- 远程教育 (Distance Education)3. 环境：- 可持续发展 (Sustainable Development) - 气候变化 (Climate Change)- 资源枯竭 (Resource Depletion)- 生态保护 (Ecological Conservation)- 绿色能源 (Renewable Energy)4. 科技：- 人工智能 (Artificial Intelligence)- 网络安全 (Cybersecurity)- 信息技术 (Information Technology)- 机器人技术 (Robotics)- 虚拟现实 (Virtual Reality)5. 健康：- 公共卫生 (Public Health)- 健康生活方式 (Healthy Lifestyle) - 医疗保健 (Healthcare)- 慢性病 (Chronic Diseases)- 心理健康 (Mental Health)6. 社会问题：- 社会不平等 (Social Inequality)- 犯罪率 (Crime Rate)- 贫困问题 (Poverty Issues)- 社会融合 (Social Integration)- 种族歧视 (Racial Discrimination)7. 经济：- 经济增长 (Economic Growth)- 贸易保护主义 (Trade Protectionism) - 经济衰退 (Economic Recession)- 货币政策 (Monetary Policy)- 财政政策 (Fiscal Policy)8. 文化：- 文化多样性 (Cultural Diversity)- 传统价值观 (Traditional Values)- 文化遗产 (Cultural Heritage)- 文化冲突 (Cultural Conflict)- 文化交流 (Cultural Exchange)9. 旅游：- 旅游经济 (Tourism Economy)- 文化旅游 (Cultural Tourism)- 生态旅游 (Ecotourism)- 旅游开发 (Tourism Development)- 旅游影响 (Tourism Impact)10. 政府与政策：- 政策制定 (Policy Making)- 政府干预 (Government Intervention) - 民主制度 (Democratic System)- 公共管理 (Public Administration) - 国际关系 (International Relations)。
雅思写作必备话题词汇集锦
雅思写作必备话题词汇集锦雅思变题期又来了，最近很多备考雅思的同学都在准备新的语料，尤其雅思写作中遇到的奇葩话题大家无所适从，今天就为大家总结下雅思写作话题中出现的各类词汇。
着急备考的同学可以应急使用哦！雅思写作必备话题词汇：旅行词汇one-way ticket单程票round-trip ticket往返票飞机里面的：VIP/first class头等舱business class商务舱economy class经济舱Express way 高速公路，express train 高速列车travel agency 旅行社book the ticket 订票flight number 航班号take off 起飞land 降落check in 办理登机手续motel 汽车旅馆hostel 青年旅社passport 护照visa 签证credit card 信用卡driving license/licence 驾照expire(v.) 驾照/护照等过期platform 站台museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch-hike 搭便车旅行surfing 冲浪skiing 滑雪walking boots 行军靴bag-packer 肩背大包进行自助旅行的人雅思写作必备话题词汇：经济相关market economy市场经济;market failure市场失灵;inflation通货膨胀;microeconomics微观经济学;macroeconomics宏观经济学;import进口;export出口;quantity demanded需求量; quantity supplied供给量; surplus过剩;shortage短缺;雅思写作必备话题词汇：形容朋友buddy 哥们儿;BFF(best friends forever)闺蜜; confidante 红颜知己; colleague 同事;intimate 至交;sworn brother 结拜兄弟; partner 搭档;companion 同伴;pen pal 笔友;comrade-in-arms 战友; bosom friend 知心朋友; childhood sweetheart 青梅竹马雅思写作必备话题词汇：环境ClimateChange气候变化CarbonDioxide二氧化碳Fossil Fuels化石燃料GlobalWarming全球变暖Deforestation森林砍伐Habitat栖息地Ecosystem生态系统Biodiversity生物多样性Contamination污染Toxic有毒的Emission扩散Erosion侵蚀Drought干旱雅思写作必备话题词汇：旧物形容词handicraft手工艺品;pottery/ceramics陶器; porcelain瓷器;玉器jade article;embroidery刺绣;statue雕像;pendant挂件;wood figurine木雕;root carving;glasswork玻璃工艺品;crystal craft水晶工艺品; archaize craft仿古工艺品; painting绘画;knitting编织;metalwork金属工艺Sustainable可承受的。
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雅思写作话题分类词汇教育与学业考试频率：★★★★★Education and study 教育与学业1、Teaching methods 教学方法 7、Generation gap 代沟2、Educational facilities 教育设施8、Adolescents’/Teenagers’problems 青少年问题3、Academic subjects 学校科目9、Studying abroad 留学话题4、Computer and learning(teaching) 电脑与学习（教学）10、Taking a part-time job 兼职工作5、Personal development 个人发展11、Parents’/Teachers’responsibilities 父母/教师责任6、Physical and mental growth 身心成长12、Functions/tuition of university 大学功能/学费真题重现In schools and universities, some girls tend to choose arts subjects, while boys choose to study science subjects. What are the reasons? Do you think this trend should be changed?Some people think that the main purpose of school is to turn children as a good citizens and workers, rather to benefit them as individuals. To what extent do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1. scope of knowledge 知识面2.lighten the burden of 减轻了…的负担prehensive knowledge 广博的知识4.long-distance education 远程教育5.enrich the teaching method 丰富教育手段6.teaching\pedagogical methodology 教学方法7.schooling 学校教育parenting、upbringing 家庭教育8.impart\inculcate knowledge 传授知识9.multi-media teaching 多媒体教学10.vocational education 职业教育11.down-to-earth, practical 切合实际的12.enlightening 予以人启迪的13.perplexing 令人困惑的14.the cultural diversity 文化的多元性15.insightful 富有洞察力的,有深刻见解的16.undertake the due obligations 承担责任17.exam-oriented education 应试教育18.develop our creative mind 培养我们创造性思维19.widen one’s knowledge 拓展知识面20.realize the value of life 实现生命价值21.grasp good communication skills 掌握良好交流技能22.cultivate a strong sense of responsibility 培养了强烈的责任感23.cultivate logical thinking 培养逻辑思维24.rote learning、learn things by rote 死记硬背25.cultivate，foster，nurture 培养26.promote the student’s physical, mental \intellectual and emotional development 促进学生身心发展27.psychological soundness\well-being 心理健康28.aptitude，talent 学习能力（先天）29.ability，skill 学习能力（后天）30.tap one’s potential 挖掘某人的潜能31.go astray 误入歧途;indiscipline 、misbehavior 、mischief 不遵守纪律;disruptive students 、unruly students 违反纪律的学生;commit crimes 犯罪32.theoretical knowledge 理论知识;practical knowledge 实践知识33.university education 大学教育;vocational education职业教育;primary-level education 小学教育;secondary-level education 中学教育34 youngsters、adolescents 青少年35.develop linguistic skills 培养语言技能prehensive knowledge 全面的知识37.face-to-face communication 面对面交流38.stimulate one’s interest 激发了…的兴趣39.increase efficiency 提高效率40.enrich the teaching and learning methods 丰富了教学手段41.be fully aware of…充分意识到…科学与技术考试频率：★★★★★Science and Technology 科学与技术1、Technological 科技产品7、Medical advancement 医学进步2、Information technology 信息与技术8、Technology VS. arts 科技与艺术3、Discoveries and inventions 发现与创造 9、Animal experiments 动物实验4、Science VS. culture 科学与文化10、Space research 太空研究5、High-tech entertainment 高科技娱乐11、Extending human life 延长寿命6、Producing contaminants/resources 制造污染/资源12、Genetically modified food 转基因食品真题重现With computer technology becoming cheaper and more accessible, more adults work from home and more children study from home. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?In today's world of advanced science and technology, we still greatly value our artists such as musicians, painters and writers. What can arts tell us about life that science and technology cannot?分类词汇加油站1.exert a far-reaching impact on 产生一种深远的影响2.cutting-edge technology 尖端科技3 information explosion\overload 信息爆炸4 depletion of resources 能源消耗5.sophisticated equipment 尖端设备6.technical innovation 科技创新7.enhance\augment\boost the efficiency 提高效率8.the proliferation of Internet 互联网的广泛使用9.technological innovations 科技创新及发展bor-saving 省力的labor-replacing 代替人力的11.biotechnology 生物技术12.a fatal breakdown 致命故障13.potential hazards 潜在危险14.pose a threat to…对…有一种威胁15.promote relative industries 促进相关产业发展16.accelerate 加速…17.transportation tools 交通工具18.environmentally-friendly resources 环保的能源19alternative fuel 可替代燃料20.sustainable development 可持续性发展21.scientific exploration 科学探索22.substitute 取代23.overcome difficulties 克服困难24.unprecedented 前所未有的25.see dramatic breakthroughs 取得突破性进展26.aggravate 使恶化27.levy the tax 征税28.be viewed as …被视为是…29.be concerned about …对…担忧/关注…30.pollution-free fuel 无污染燃料31.luxury 奢侈品32.chronic lead poisoning 慢性铅中毒y more emphasis on…把重心放在…34.settle down effective laws 制定出积极有效的法律35.Impose restrictions on …对…实施限制36.short-sighted 目光短浅的37.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源38.telecommunications 远程通信39.a pillar industry 支柱产业40.make full use of …充分利用41.speed limits 限速42.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量43.pay a heavy price 付出惨痛的代价44.call for …需要…45.overcrowded 过度拥挤的46.headache 令人头痛的事47.traffic accidents 交通事故48.head-way 进展49.conflict with …与…相冲突50.major cause 主要原因传媒与网络考试频率：★★★★Media and the Internet 传媒与网络1、TV and learning 电视与学习7、Internet shopping 网络购物2、Computer games 电脑游戏8、Computer illiteracy 电脑文盲3、Online communication 网络交际9、Media and consumption 传媒与消费4、Computers VS. teachers 电脑与老师10、Children and advertising 儿童与广告5、Nature of journalism 新闻本质11、Global VS. local 全球与本地6、Media and crime 传媒与犯罪12、Virtuality and isolation 虚拟与孤独真题重现We are surrounded by all kinds of advertising, which significantly influence our lives. Do the positive effects of advertising outweigh its negative effects?Some think that computer games are dangerous for children in every way; others think that computer games help children’s development. Discuss both views and give your opinion分类词汇加油站1. paparazzi 狗仔队27. sitcom 情景喜剧2. mass media 大众媒体28. soap opera 肥皂剧3. entertainment 娱乐29. affair 绯闻4. journalism 新闻业30. celebrity 名人5. the latest news 最新消息31. rise to fame 声名鹊起6. exclusive news 独家新闻32. invade one's privacy 侵扰了…的隐私7.endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳33. misleading 误导性的定和安全34. cheating 欺骗性的8. news agency 新闻社 35. popularity 知名度9. news block-out 新闻封锁36. scandal 丑闻10. news censorship 新闻审查37. sensational 轰动的11. freedom of the press 新闻自由38. prevalent 普遍的、流行的12. coverage 新闻报道39. imperative 重要的、必要的13. do reportage on …报导…40. audience ratings 收视率14. hit the headlines 上头条 41. propaganda 宣传15. issue 出版、发行42. be abducted by 受…诱导16. newsstand 报摊43. purify one's soul 净化心灵17. free-lancer writer 自由撰稿人44. live in virtual would 生活在一个虚拟世界中18. chief editor 总编45. be a great comfort to somebody 对…来说是19. editorial 社论一个巨大安慰20. newsworthy 值得报道的46. meet different tastes 满足不同口味21. barometer 晴雨表47. follow the fashion blindly 盲目追逐时尚22. the barometer of public opinion 舆论晴雨表48. be inconceivable to somebody 对来说是难以23. live broadcast 直播想象的24. quiz show 智力竞争节目49. impressive 给人印象深刻的25. right to know 知情权50. in the disguise of …打着…的幌子26. variety show 综合节目国家与政府考试频率：★★★★Nation and government 国家与政府1、Government’s responsibility 政府职责7、Funding arts 资助艺术2、Educational policy 教育政策8、Healthcare system 医疗福利体系3、Assisting poor countries 帮助贫困国家9、Housing shortage 住房问题4、Measuring a country’s success 成功国家标准10、Legal system 司法体系5、Financially-aiding sports 体育投资 11、Space research 太空研究6、Developing public transport 发展公共交通12、Military defense 军事防御真题重现Some people think that government should only spend money on the construction of public services rather than waste on the arts such as music and painting. To what extent do you agree or disagree?The number of people who watch foreign films is much more than people who watch local films, describ the reasons and should the government provide financial support to the local film industries分类词汇加油站1.unemployment；joblessness 失业2.infrastructure 基础设施3.social security 社会保障4.medical care system 医疗保健5.public transportation 公共交通6.public service 公共服务7.essential sectors 关键行业8.non-essential sectors 非紧要行业9.private sector 私人企业10.general interest 公众利益11.welfare 福利12.financial assistance 经济援助13.shake off\get rid of poverty 摆脱贫穷14.authorities 当局15.citizens; the citizenry 老百姓16.regulate;administe;oversee 规范，管理17.implement 实施18.legislate; make laws 立法19.strictly prohibit; ban altogether 严禁20.stringent laws/legislation 严格的法律21.scrutiny (n.); scrutinize (v.) monitor (v.) 监督22.allocate money to sth;be a patron of; invest in; fund; dedicate money to sth.为……拨款23.budget (n.) 预算24.tax revenue 税收25.the government spending/expenditure on sth.政府开支26.curtail 削减27.augment 增加28.give priority to sth.把当作当务之急29.responsibility; obligation 责任30.arms race 军备竞赛31.self-defense 自卫32.national security; homeland security 国土安全33.short-sighted policy 缺乏远见的政策34.expansion (n.) aggression (n.)扩张35.seek\pursue hegemony 谋求霸权36.a vicious circle 恶性循环37.destabilizing factors 地区不稳定因素38.rules and regulations 规章制度39.space race 太空竞赛40.arms (n.) weapons (n.) armaments (n.) 武器id-off workers; downsized workers 下岗工人42.power grid 电网43.democratic 民主的democracy 民主44.民主与开明的政府a democratic and progressive government生活与城市考试频率：★★★Life and city 生活与城市1、Life-altering inventions 发明改变生活7、Keeping pets in cities 城市养宠物2、Police and guns 警察佩戴枪支8、Lifestyle decisions 生活方式3、Relocation of enterprises 企业搬迁9、Money VS. happiness 金钱与幸福4、Housing problems 住房问题10、Teenagers VS. adults 青少年与成年人5、Protecting people’s privacy 保护隐私11、Fast-paced modern life 现代快节奏生活6、Popularity of fast foods 快餐现象12、City plan 城市布局真题重现Some people think that a police force carrying guns can educate higher level of volience.to what extent do you agree or disagree？In many cities, planners have separated schools, homes, shops, offices in specific areas which were widely separated from each other. Do you think advantages of this policy overweigh disadvantages to the city residents?分类词汇加油站1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to …给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to …易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of …处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the blame on …归咎于…41.be attributable to …归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with…面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划工作与职业考试频率：★★★Career and occupation 工作与职业1、Interpersonal skills 人际交流技能7、Changing jobs/careers 跳槽与工作改变2、Stress management 减压8、Part-time positions 兼职工作3、Safty and health hazards 安全及健康危害9、Graduate unemployment 毕业生失业4、Telecommuting 远程办公10、Work vs. family 工作与家庭5、Women at workplace 女性参加工作11、Qualification vs. experience 资历与经验6、Job satisfaction 工作的满意度12、Working in rural areas 去乡村工作真题重现Some people think that people working at home can benefit the employees a lot, not the employers. To what extent do you agree or disagree？Nowadays, many people change their jobs frequently, some believe it is good for their development while others hold different opinions. What is your opinion?分类词汇加油站1.the tempo\pace of life has increased 生活节奏加速2.social settings 社会环境3.religious belief 宗教信仰cational level 教育程度5.a sense of belonging 归属感6.sedentary lifestyle 缺少运动的生活方式7.live a high-pressured and fast-paced lifestyle 高压力和快节奏的生活方式8.nurture a good state of mind 养成良好的心态9.block out worries 争取减少忧虑10.balance work and family 平衡工作和生活11.a means of self-expression 自我表达的一种方式12.follow blindly 盲目追求13.root in daily life 源于生活14.over nourishment 营养过剩15.create alienation between people 人与人之间疏远16.money-worshiping、mercenary、materialistic 过于功利的17.pursue maximum profit 追求最大限度利润18.poverty alleviation 扶贫19.job opportunity、employment opportunity 就业机会20.promotion opportunity 提升机会21.switching jobs、job-hopping 换工作\跳槽22.acquire a wide array of skills 发展多种技能ck of self-motivation 缺乏动力24.directionless\aimless 没有目标25.egoism 利己主义\altruism 利他主义26.soothe the soul 平缓情绪27.utilised as a form of propaganda 用做一种宣传手段28.enrich cultural life 丰富文化生活29.enhance the quality of life 提高生活质量30.conform the existing rules 墨守成规31.satisfied with material comforts 满足于物质32.spiritual needs 精神享受33.achieve a balance between work and pleasure 劳逸结合34.time-conscious people 时间观念很强的人35.impoverished、destitute、indigent 贫穷的36.affluent、wealthy、well-off 富裕的37.urban 城市的rural 乡村的38.urbanization 城市化39.the disparity between the city and the countryside城乡差距40.relocate 搬迁41.telecommute 在家上班42.leisure、recreation、entertainment 休闲、娱乐issez-faire management 宽松的管理44.operating costs、overhead costs 运营成本bor pool 劳动力资源46.depression 抑郁症/insomnia 失眠症47.population explosion 人口爆炸48.gender equality 两性平等49.gender discrimination、sexism 性别歧视50.child bearing 生育孩子/child rearing 抚养孩子51.elderly people、senior citizens 老年人52.family bonds\ties 家庭成员间的情感纽带语言与文化考试频率：★★Language and culture 语言与文化1、Language and age 语言与年龄7、Tourism and culture 旅游与文化2、Learning a foreign language 学习外语8、Pressing local culture 保护本地文化3、International language 国际语言9、Traditional architecture 传统建筑4、Dominance of English 英语的主导地位10、Cultural facilities 文化设施5、Assisting artists 资助艺术11、Culture vs business 文化与贸易6、Cultural gap 文化差距12、Working overseas 海外工作真题重现Some people think that international tourism has brought great benefit to the world’s economy, some others hold that it ruin the culture and the ecosystem. Discuss both and give your opinion.In some cities, the old buildings are replaced by many modern buildings. Some people think it brings more disadvantages. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.tourist attractions 、tourist spots、places of interest旅游景点2.maitain、protect、preserve(v.)保护3.forefathers、ancestors 祖先4.descendants 后代5.ethnic minorities 少数民族6.the harmony between ethnic groups/races 民族团结7.cultural diversity 文化融合8.interaction 互相影响9.cultural diversity 文化多元性10.insular/provincial/parochial mentality 狭隘的观念11.deprecate/denigrate/minimize the importance of 贬低12. push back/expand one’s vision/ horizons 开阔眼界13.promote cultural communication 促进文化交流14.draw/attract/appeal to/ be a magnet for sb.吸引15.first-hand experience 亲身体验second-hand experience/vicarious experience 间接体验16.multi-sensory 多种感官体验的17.conflict 冲突18.discord/dissension 争端19.isolate the tourist from the locals 把游客和当地人隔离mercialize 商业化21.cultural heritage 文化遗产22.the Internet will not render tourism obsoletes 互联网不会让旅游业过时环境与生态考试频率：★★★★Environment and ecology 环境与生态1、Environmental pollution 环境污染 7、Awareness raising 环保意识提高2、Ecotourism 生态旅游8、Transport and environment 交通与环境3、Curbing car-using 限制汽车使用9、International cooperation 国际合作（环境）4、Endangered species 濒临灭绝物种10、Sustainable development 可持续发展5、Throw-away society 浪费型社会11、Agriculture and ecology 农业与生态6、Environmental improvement 环境改善12、Biodiversity 生物多样性真题重现Many people hold that only international cooperation can solve the environmental problems, single person or country can not deal with such big problem. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Some people think it is not necessary to invest money on protecting the wild animals. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.ecosystem\ecological system 生态系统2.cological balance\equilibrium 生态平衡3.sustainable development 可持续发展4.biodiversity 生物的多样性5.environmentalists\conservationists 环保主义者animal right activists 动物权益保护主义者6.environmentally-friendly（adj.）对环境无害的7.conservation 节约8.recycle\reuse (v.) 再利用10.benefit from 从中受益11.enhance\elevate\raise the public awareness of …增强公众的……意识12.put forward valuable suggestions 提出宝贵建议13.shortage\scarcity\dearth\lack（n.）短缺14.participate in the reconstruction of the city 参与城市重建15.raise the environmental management level 提高环境管理水平16.create a pleasant ecological environment 创造出一种和谐的生态环境17.give priority to 优先关注18.catch much attention 引起很大关注19.deforestation (n.)砍伐森林20.greenhouse effect、global warming 温室效应21.discharge effluent\sewage 排放污水22.non-biodegradable garbage、inorganic trash 白色污染产生的垃圾/bio-degradable plastic bags 可降解一次性塑料袋23.afford their masters consolation and comfort 给主人心理安慰24.infertile soil 贫瘠的土壤25.fertile soil 肥沃的土壤26.arable land 、farmland 耕地27.pollute\contaminate (v.) 污染28.poisonous\toxic (adj.) 有毒的29.consume\deplete(v.)消耗(某种资源) e up\exhaust （v.）用尽(某种资源) 31.harsh measures\actions 严厉措施32.condemn rather than condone sth.谴责而不是纵容bat desertification 防治荒漠化34.curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control 治理环境污染35.industrial solid wastes 工业固体废物anic pollutions 有机污染物37.environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture 生态农业38.water resource conservation zone 水资源保护区39.establish nature reserve 建立自然保护区40.endangered wildlife 濒危野生动物41.medical research 医学研究42.cruel\merciless\inhuman\callous\brutal 残忍的43.vivisection 活体解剖44.ease\alleviate\relieve animals’pain 减轻动物的痛苦个人与社会考试频率：★★★Individual and society 个人与社会1、Personal health 个人健康7、Stressful life 压力生活2、Age of machine 机器时代8、Healthcare and education 医疗与教育3、Social responsibility 社会责任9、Environmental responsibility 环保责任4、Money and happiness 金钱与幸福10、Disasters and violence 灾难与暴力5、Saving for retirement 养老储蓄11、Housing problems 住房问题6、Team activities 团队活动12、Law and order 法律与秩序真题重现Many people are busy with work and have less time to spend with families and friends. Why doesthis happen? What are the effects of this on family life and society as a whole?Some people say that it is the responsibility of individuals to save money for their own care after they retire. Do you agree or disagree?分类词汇加油站1.urbanization 城市化2.centralization 集中化3.imbalance 不平衡4.in the long run 从长远角度而言5.infrastructure 基础设施6.booming 繁荣发展的7.tertiary industry 第三产业9.revenue 税收mercialization 商业化11.traffic congestion 交通拥挤12.water scarcity 水短缺13.the environmental pollution 环境污染14.over-industrialization 过度工业化15.over-crowdedness 过度拥挤16.unemployment 失业17.wealth distribution 财富分配18.social instability 社会动荡19.urban construction 城市建设20.population explosion 人口激增21.a rising crime rate 犯罪率上升22.drain of energy and resources 能源和资源消耗23.offer more job opportunities 提供更多的就业机会24.a rapid pace of life 快节奏生活25.stress-related illnesses 与压力有关的疾病26.high cost of living 高额生活费用27.pastoral life 田园生活28.class polarization 阶级两极分化29.social welfare 社会福利30.give special care to …给予…特殊关照31.urban sprawl 城市扩张32.convenient transportation means 便捷的交通工具33.better medical services 更好的医疗服务34.pressure of modern life in city 城市生活压力35.be vulnerable to …易于患上…36.melting pot 熔炉37.on the brink of …处于…边缘38.pollutant 污染性物质39.waste disposal 废物处理40.put the blame on …归咎于…41.be attributable to …归因为…42.ways of consumption 消费方式43.suffer heavy losses 遭受重大损失44.citizen 居民45.be confronted with…面临着…46.breed crimes 滋生犯罪47.vicious cycle 恶性循环48.a feasible measure 一种可行的措施49.give priority to …优先考虑…50.city planners 城市规划能源与交通考试频率：★★★Energy and Transportation 能源与交通1、Public transport expansion 发展公共交通7、Food export 食品出口2、Increasing private cars 私家车增多8、Space travelling 太空旅游3、Traffic congestion 交通拥堵9、Producing pollution 制造污染4、Road security 道路安全10、Cheap flight 低价飞行5、Water scarcity 水源短缺 11、Resource consumption 能源消耗6、Overuse of fuel 燃料过度使用12、International tourism 国际旅游真题重现In some countries, air travel has become a much cheaper form of transport than in the past. Is this a positive or negative trend?The number of cars in many large cities is increasing significantly nowadays. What are the problems it may bring? How to solve this problem?分类词汇加油站1.perfect the construction of urban infrastructure 完善城市基础设施建设2.implement strict vehicle emission standards 制定严格的汽车排放标准3.reduce waste 减少浪费4.eliminate poverty and backwardness 消除贫穷落后5.prevent and control pollution 预防和控制污染6.reinforce the conservation of water and soil 加强水土保护7.keep ecological balance 维护生态平衡8.adopt environmental protection technique 环保技术9.strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监督和管理10.enhance the governmental intrusion 加大政府干预性措施11.promote legislative regulations 促进立法管理12.establish and perfect the social security system 建立和完善社会的安全体系13.impose some restrictions on 对…实施限制14.arouse people’s awareness of 唤醒人们的…意识15.take some preventive (remedial) measures 采取一些预防（补救）措施16.enforce on-the-spot penalties 采取立即惩罚性措施17.take proper guidance and support 恰当引导和支持18.impose heavier penalty on 对…实施严格的惩罚19.set down effective laws 制定积极有效的法律20.urban planning 城市规划21.break the ecological balance 破坏了生态的平衡22.contaminate the environment 污染环境23.promote the sustainable development of the city 促进城市的可持续性发展24.greenhouse effect 温室效应25.strengthen pollution control 加强污染控制26.popularize environmental protection knowledge 普及环保知识27.burning 迫在眉睫的28.environmental degradation 环境恶化29.at the cost of environment 以环境污染为代价30.uncontrolled urbanization 城市化失控31.motor vehicle exhaust、car emission 汽车尾气排放32.exhaust purifier 尾气净化器33.urban refuse 城市垃圾34.protect …from overexploitation 防止过度开发35.conservation of water and soil 水土保持36.lead-free gasoline 无铅汽油37.gas-fueled vehicles 天然气汽车38.cell-driven vehicles; battery cars 电动汽车39.slow down the rate of resource degradation 降低资源消耗率40.develop renewable resources 开发可再生资源29.renewable resources 可再生资源30.non-renewable resources 不可再生资源人口与经济考试频率：★★★Population and economy 人口与经济1、Overpopulation 人口爆炸7、Feminism 女权主义2、Population ageing 人口老龄化8、Industrial locations 工业选址3、Governmental pension 政府养老9、Global trade 国际贸易4、Juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪10、Economic gaps 经济差距5、Crimes 犯罪11、Youth unemployment 年轻人失业6、Agricultural development 农业发展12、Consumption patterns 消费方式真题重现In some countries, governments are encouraging industries and businesses to move out of large cities into regional areas. Do you think the advantages of this development outweigh its disadvantages?The proportion of older people in many countries is steadily increasing. Does this trend have more positive or negative effects on the society?分类词汇加油站1.saving 储蓄2.investment 投资3.expenditure 支出花费4.capital 资本资金资产5.currency 通货通用市价7.demand 需求、需求量8.supply 补给、供给、供应品9.purchase 购买10.inflation 通货膨胀11.monetary 货币的金钱的12.consume 消费消耗13.distribution 分配、分发、配给物14.taxation 课税、征税、税收、税款、估定的税额15.externality 外部因素16.trademark 商标copyright 版权著作权17.restrict freedom 限制自由18.invade privacy 侵犯隐私19.depression 萧条不景气20.discount 折扣21.financial 财政的金融的mit a crime 犯罪23.break\violate\flout\disobey the law 触犯法律24.offence、crimes、criminal acts 罪行25.criminal、offenders、culprit、perpetrator 罪犯26accomplice、accessory 从犯27.resent society、hold a grudge against society 憎恨社会28.trauma 心理创伤29.prison 监狱30.imprison\incarcerate someone 监禁31.victims 受害者32.be brought to justice 被绳之以法33.reform\rehabilitate criminals 改造罪犯w enforcement agencies 执法部门35.heinous\flagitious crime、felony 重罪36.petty crime 轻罪37.first-time offenders 初犯者38.hardened offenders 惯犯39.revert to crime 再次犯罪40. hunt down、capture 抓捕41.abide by the law 、comply with the law 遵守法律w-abiding citizens 守法公民43.boost the sense of safety 增强安全意识44.reinforce the police force and increase patrol 增强警力和巡逻45.miscarriges of justice 执法不公46.deterrent effect 震慑作用47.being closely monitored 受到严格监控48.fear of reprisal 担心报复的心理49.alert people to the risk of being victimized by crime提高人们对于犯罪的警惕。