宾语从句初三总复习(用心整理_附答案)

宾语从句

知识梳理

导学一：宾语从句

知识点讲解一：宾语从句定义

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。在复合句中宾语从句作主句中谓语动词、介词的宾语。

在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语，如：I know the man.

而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语，如：I know that the man is a policeman.

主句引导词从句

宾语从句三要素：

1.引导宾语从句的连接词（从属连接词和连接代词）；

2. 宾语从句的语序；

3. 宾语从句的时态。

知识点讲解二：宾语从句的引导词（连接词）

作用有无意义在从句中所

做成分

从属连接词that 只起连接作用无无

Whether/if 起连接作用有（表示是否）无

连接词连接代

词What 连接+从句中做成分什么（指物）主，宾，表Which 连接+从句中做成分哪一个（指物）主，宾，表who 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人主格）主，表whom 连接+从句中做成分谁（指人宾格）宾

whose 连接+从句中做成分谁的（指人所有

格）

定

连接副词Where 连接+从句中做成分地点状语When 连接+从句中做成分时间状语Why 连接+从句中做成分原因状语How 连接+从句中做成分方式状语

1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：My teacher said I was a good boy.老师说我是个好男孩。

She doesn’t know (that) she i s seriously ill.

He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.

课堂练习

I am sure______he will succeed.

2.连接代词（what,which,who,whom,whose）与连接副词(where,when,why,how) Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?

He asked whose handwriting was the best.

Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?

I don’t know why the train is late.

3.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：

(1) Is Jim a good student? I don’t know

I don’t know if /whether Jim is a good student.

课堂练习

句型转换

Does Kate get up early? Do you know?

Do you know___________________

答案：if /whether Kate gets up early?

注意：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况

•一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：•①与or not连用：

He asked me whether or not I was coming.

Let me know whether you can come or not.

•②在介词之后：

It depends on whether it is going to rain.

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings

•③在不定式之前：

We haven’t decided whether to go there.

I don’t know whether to accept or refuse.

3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：

1.What is she doing? Can you tell me?

Can you tell me what she is doing?

课堂练习

句型转换

.Where does she live? Do you know?

Do you know______________

答案：where she lives?

知识点讲解三：宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序

(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变：

What’s wrong? What’s the matter?

What’s happening?

eg:I don’t know what’s the matter.

Can you tell me who is over there?

知识点讲解四：宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应

1. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是____任何___时态。

I don’t think (that) you are right.

Do you know when Mr. Smith moved here?

课堂练习

Please tell us where we_____ fishing tomorrow.(go)

答案：will go

2. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的___过去______时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：

He told me that he was born in Beijing in 1992.

He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.

特殊情况：

1.从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。

Dad told us that it is better to do than to say.

Could you tell me where the bookshop is.

课堂练习

He told the boy that three and three ___six.（be）

答案：is