山东省高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破八 非谓语动词
2024届高考英语二轮语法复习非谓语动词课件
Step 3 Lead-in
[高考感悟]
1.（2023新课标卷I）To eat one, you have to decide whether __t_o_b_i_te__ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 2.（2023新课标卷I）Shanghai may be the _re_c_o_g_n_i_ze_d_ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long Bao’s birthplace. 3.（2023新课标卷I）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them __t_o_b_e_l_if_t_e_d__ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of __t_h_e_ir___ (they) contents.
(3) 现在分词、过去分词也可以作表语， 现在分词作表语意为“令人……的”； 过去分词作表语意为“人感到……的”。
It’s well known that a lion looks very frightening. We were moved at the news that he had died for the motherland.
高考英语二轮专题总复习 语法精品非谓语动词
高考英语二轮专题总复习语法精品非谓语动词一、用动词的适当形式填空：1._____(see) from the hill, the river is beautiful.2. _____ (produce) colour TV sets of high quality is not easy.3. Why not try ______ (take) a ship? It's quicker by water than by road.4. ______ (found)in the 1980's, it's the first factory in that city.5. It will take us 15 hours _______ (go) to that small village by bus.二、单项选择：1. The new school is like a huge garden, ________ with his old one.A. comparingB. comparesC. to compareD. compared2. We always have something new __________ with all by ourselves every day.A. dealB. dealtC. to dealD. dealing3. A school bus had an accident yesterday, ________ many pupils on it..A. killedB. killingC. killsD. to kill4. The people ________ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.A. affectB. affectingC. affectedD. were affected5. Bill suggested _________ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.A. having heldB. to holdC. holdingD. hold三、能力提升：1. The book is excellent. I think it is worth ______ a second time.A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read2. The little boy standing behind the tree, _______ at me curiously.A. staredB. to stareC. staringD. having stared3. With so much housework_________, his mother always stay up late at night..A. doneB. doingC. to doD. to be done4. The train, _________ with rice and wheat, has gone to the disaster area.A. loadingB. loadedC. to loadD. having loaded5. What we have done is ______ all the patients _______timely.A. having; treatB. to have; treatC. having; to treatD. have; treated6. Once ________, The novel will be very popular.A. publishesB. having publishedC. publishingD. published7. A blind man can know what an elephant is by feeling and ________?A. touchB. touchingC. to touchD. touched8. His brother was forbidden ________ for speeding.A. to driveB. drivingC. driveD. driven .9. The teacher doesn’t allow him _______ the lab on weekends.A. entersB. enteringC. to enterD. entered10. I'm afraid of ______ when going out alone in the dark street.A. attackingB. being attackedC. having attackedD. attacked11. Low-carbon lifestyle is the key to ____ our world a comfortable and clean place.A. keepingB. keepingC. keepD. keep12. The driver is required by law ______ seat belt while driving on the road.A. wearingB. wornC. to wearD. wear13. Parents should have their children _______ at the best school in our city.A. educateB. to educateC. being educatedD. educated14. Once _______, the chance will never come again.A. lostB. losingC. having lostD. being lost15. The bad weather last four days, _______ severe road accidents in southern China.A. causedB. had causedC. to causeD. having caused16. ______ in a fashion style, the restaurant is always full of guests.A. decoratedB. Being decoratedC. decoratingD. To decorate17. He hurried to the station, only ______ that the last train had just gone away.A. tellingB. being toldC. to tellD. to be told18. A team, _____ three scientists, has already arrived in Beijing for the international conference.A. consisting ofB. consists ofC. consisted ofD. to be consisted of19. A great many of college students stood outside the lecture hall, ________ to see the famous professor.A. to expectB. expectedC. were expectingD. expecting20. I meant __________ that refusing him meant ________ up all our hope.A. to say; to giveB. to say; giving C: saying; to give D. saying; giving四、瞄准高考：1. The Great Wall, _______ in Ming dynasty, is a place of interest in Beijing.A. constructingB. constructedC. being constructedD. when constructed2. ______ a better impression, Mary dressed herself well in the interview.A. GainedB. GainingC. To have gainedD. To gain3. He isn’t admitted to Shandong university, and regretted ________ the teacher's advice.A. to takeB. takingC. not to takeD. not having taken4. I can't stand students ________ litter in the classroom.A. dropB. droppedC. dropingD. to drop5. He went to America for the international forum, _______ his newly-married wife.A. accompaniedB. accompanied byC. accompanyingD. accompanies6. With so many staff _________ together, I felt happy staying in such a big company.A. workingB. workedC. having workedD. works7. We climbed to the top of the mountain _______ to see much fuither..A. having tiredB. tryingC. to tryD. tried8. He only eat fresh fruit ________ on his own farm.A. grownB. being grownC. to be grownD. to grow9.（2010全国Ⅱ）11.Though_________to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.A. surprisingB. as surprisedC. surprised D being surprised10. （2010辽宁）25.We were astonished _______ the temple still in its original condition.A．finding B．to find C．find D．to be found11.（2010北京）21. at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement intheir eyes.A. LookingB. LookC. To lookD. Looked12.（2010重庆）30. The news shocked the public, _______to great concern aboutstudents’ safety at school.A. having ledB. ledC. leadingD. to lead13.（2010浙江）20. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.A. being weighedB. to weighC. weighedD. weighing14．（2010四川）4. A great number of students said they were forcedto practise the piano.A. to questionB. to be questionedC. questionedD. questioning15.（2011辽宁）30.________around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.A. GatherB. To gatherC. GatheringD. To be gathering16.（2100浙江） 3. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some ______a life spanof around 20 years.A. havingB. hadC. haveD. to have17. （2011天津）12.______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirelydifferent word order.A. TranslatingB. TranslatedC. To translateD. Having translated18.（2011江西）32. On hearing a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr.Gordonimmediately rushed home from his office.A. saysB.saidC.sayingD.to say19.（2011北京）25. It’s important for the figures______ regularly.A. to be updatedB. to have been updatedC. to updateD. to have updated20.（2011四川）dex doesn’t feel like_____ abroad. Her parents are old.A. studyB. studyingC. studiedD.to study五、误区指津：1.remember, forget, regret, try, go on, mean, miss, stop等词后接不定式和动名词做宾语时，意思不同。
高考二轮复习英语语法强化训练非谓语动词解答解析、考点详解.doc
高考二轮复习英语语法强化训练非谓语动词的正确答案、解答解析、考点详解姓名:_____________ 年级:____________ 学号:______________1.【题文】European football is played in 80 countries ,______it the most popularsport in the worldA. making B, makes C. made D to make【答案】A【解析】略2.【题文】The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______the next year .A．carry outB．carrying outC．carried outD．to carry out【答案】C【解析】略3.【题文】The purpose of new technologies in to make life easier, _______it more difficult.A．not makeB．not to makeC．not makingD．don’t make【答案】B【解析】略4.【题文】.I’v worked with children before ,so I know what ______in my new job.A．expectedB．to expectC．to be expectingD．expects【答案】B【解析】略5.【题文】Acomputer does only what thinking people _______.A．have it toB．nave it doneC．have done itD．having it done【答案】A【解析】略6.【题文】What worried the child most was ____to visit his mother in the hospital .A．his not allowingB．his not being allowedC．his being not allowedD．having not been allowed【答案】B【解析】略7.【题文】.Cleanig woman in big cities usually get ______by the hour.A．payB．payingC．paidD．to pay【答案】C【解析】略8.【题文】They are not very good, but we like_______.A．anyway to play basketball with themB．to play basketball with them anywayC．to play with them basketball anywayD．with them to play basketball anyway【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配。
高考英语极简语法思维导图与提升专练：第八章 非谓语动词例句练习及答案
【第八章非谓语动词例句】养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
◆[考点一] 非谓语动词作状语1．分词作状语(1)现在分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是由句子主语执行的，它们之间是主动关系。
Hearing the news，they got excited.听到这个消息，他们很兴奋。
(2)过去分词作状语时，分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的被动关系。
Given the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars.如果给予正确的训练，这些青少年足球运动员有一天也许会成为国际明星。
2．动词不定式作状语(1)动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等。
She was surprised to see George walk in.看到乔治进来，她很惊讶。
(2)动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用in order to do，so as to do，to do 等，但so as to do不能置于句首。
In order to pass the exam，he worked hard.为了通过考试，他努力学习。
(3)作目的状语的动词不定式动作必须是主语发出的。
To learn English well, his father bought him a dictionary.(×)◆[考点二] 非谓语动词作定语1．动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语，通常置于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与所修饰的词之间构成逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。
2020版高考英语二轮新考势突破课件：1-1-8+非谓语动词
attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,
________(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
答案：listening
________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
答案：designed
考纲分析
命题预测
真题感悟
技巧点拨
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引领高考/把握考试
二轮专题复习/考势 英语
2．(2019 年高考·课标全国卷Ⅰ)Scientists have responded by________ (note) that hungry
考纲分析
命题预测
真题感悟
技巧点拨
第30页
引领高考/把握考试 考点 2 非谓语动词作状语
二轮专题复习/考势 英语
1．动词不定式作状语
(1)动词不定式作状语主要用来表示目的，有时也可以表示结果、原因等，only to do
通常是作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果。
He rushed to school only_to_find there was nobody. (2)动词不定式作目的状语时，常位于句首或句中，形式上可用 in order to do, so as to do, to do 等，但 so as to do 不能置于句首。
couldn't help wondering how long it would take________ (get)there.
山东省2021届高考英语二轮复习 考点透析解密08 情态动词和虚拟语气讲义+分层训练
解密08情态动词和虚拟语气考点详解【考纲解读】1. 考生应掌握can, could, may， might, must, will， would， shall， should， ought to, need, dare， be able to， used to等情态动词的基本用法。
2。
考生应掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件句、名词性从句及其他句型中的运用。
【命题趋势】情态动词和虚拟语气为中学英语考纲要求的内容，并且是高考内容中的难点之一。
预计在以后的高考中,可能会对情态动词和虚拟语气进行考查，且还可能通过虚拟语气形式考查某种时态的某个形式.考向1 情态动词一、 can， could 与 be able to1. 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）.☞Can you lift this heavy box？（体力）☞Mary can speak three languages.（知识）☞Can you skate？（技能）此时可用be able to代替。
can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
☞I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,不能用can。
如:☞He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.2。
表示请求和允许。
☞——Can I go now？——Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换.在疑问句中还可用could, might代替,不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中.☞——Could I come to see you tomorrow？-— Yes, you can. （ No, I'm afraid not. )3. 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力)。
高三二轮专题复习英语课件 非谓语动词
目录
解题规则——再确定是何种非谓语
技法1 成分分解法——作主语和表语
1.作主语
快捷思维
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用动词-ing形式还是动
词不定式作主语。
(2)掌握用动词-ing形式/动词不定式作主语的句型：
It is/was＋adj.(for/of sb)＋to do sth
It is no use/good doing sth
目录
5 ． (2022· 烟 台 市 、 德 州 市 一 模 )In tofbaectl,earmneudc/hto breelmeaarinnts ______________________ (learn) about traditional Chinese painting and its elements. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，remain是系动词，后面接动 词不定式作表语；根据语境可知，主语much与谓语动词learn之间是被动关 系，应用动词不定式的被动式。 lost
6 ． (2022·山 西 运 城 考 前 模 拟 )Lola got ____(lose) when the Mejeurs were visiting a friend in Elk Grove Village in 2017. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处got 为系动词，get lost意 为“迷路”，为固定搭配。
2．(2022·连云港市考前模拟一)It is, therefore, urgent __t_o__u_p_d_a_t_e__ (update) our curricula by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields. 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，It是形式主语，空处应用动 词不定式作真正的主语。
山东省实验中学高考英语复习——非谓语动词
山东省实验中学2013届高考复习——非谓语动词考点知识清单非谓语动词，主要指在句中表示一个动作但不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的词。
非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)，现在分词和动名词也可统称为动词的-ing形式。
非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有语态和时态的变化。
知识梳理动词不定式1．动词不定式的一般式一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语所表示的动作(状态)同时(几乎同时)发生，或是在它之后发生。
如：We rejoiced to see her back．我们看到她回来了很高兴。
They invited us to go there this summer．他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
2．动词不定式的完成式完成式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词表示的动作或状态之前。
如：I am sorry to have kept you waiting．(=I am sorry that I have kept you waiting．)对不起，让你久等了。
注意若谓语为表示“愿望、打算、意图”的动词时，如hope，think，want，plan，expect，mean，intend等，其后可以跟不定式的完成式表示“本来想要或打算做某事，而实际上未能实现”。
如：We meant to have stopped him from doing such a thing．我们本想阻止他做这种事。
(可没能实现)3．动词不定式的进行式进行式表示的动作或状态在谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行。
如：They pretended to be working very hard．他们假装在努力工作。
We happened to be talking about it．我们恰好正谈到这件事。
4．动词不定式的完成进行式完成进行式表示在谓语动词表示的动作或状态以前开始进行的行为，到谓语动作发生时可能停止，也可能会持续下去。
高考英语二轮复习课件(人教版新高考新教材)核心语法必备 专题二 非谓语动词
法备专题二 非谓语动词英 语高考总复习内容索引要点精讲•破疑解难 对点演练•精准提升要点精讲•破疑解难 重点一 非谓语动词做主语、表语和宾语1.非谓语动词中能做主语的有动词-ing形式和动词不定式(1)动词-ing形式做主语时表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作; 动词不定式做主语时表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。
(2)it可做形式主语, 代替真正做主语的动词不定式或动词-ing形式。
常见的句型有It is/was no use/good doing sth; It is/was useless doing sth; It’s a waste of time doing sth; It’s+adj.+for/of sb+to do sth等。
2.非谓语动词中能做表语的有动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式和动词不定式。
注意:动词-ing形式做表语时, 意为“令人感到……的”, 而动词-ed形式做表语时, 意为“本身感到……的”。
3.非谓语动词中能做宾语的有动词-ing形式和动词不定式(1)跟动词不定式做宾语的动词(短语)有beg, offer, wish, hope, decide, refuse, promise, pretend, manage, want, plan, fail, choose, would like等。
(2)跟动词-ing形式做宾语的动词(短语)有suggest, imagine, mind, admit, practise, risk, keep, avoid, escape, enjoy, consider, finish, miss, keep on, insist on, look forward to, feel like, get down to, object to等。
重点二 非谓语动词做定语考点1 动词不定式做定语用法例句to do做定语表示将来的动作; to be done做定语表示将来且被动的动作The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important.会上将要讨论的这个问题非常重要。
高三英语二轮专题复习非谓语动词
A．To found
B．Founding
C．Founded
D．Having founded
答案：C 本题考查非谓语动词。句意：建立于 20 世纪早
期，这所学校一直激发着孩子们对艺术的热爱。此处为非谓语
动词作状语，与句子的主语 school 之间为被动关系，故用过去
分词形式。
第一篇 专题八
·二轮专题复习 ·新课标版 ·英语
第一篇 专题八
·二轮专题复习 ·新课标版 ·英语
2．非谓语动词作表语 (1)动名词作表语时，说明主语的性质，回答 what 引导的 问句。 (2)不定式作表语时，说明主语尚未发生的动作或表示将 来的动作。
第一篇 专题八
·二轮专题复习 ·新课标版 ·英语
3．非谓语动词作宾语 非谓语动词作宾语的主要是不定式和动名词 (1)afford，agree，choose，determine，expect，decide， learn，offer，manage，hope，want，wish，promise，refuse， fail，pretend，happen 等动词后跟不定式作宾语。 (2)appreciate，avoid，bear，consider，dislike，delay， enjoy，escape，finish，hate，imagine，keep，mind，miss， practise，postpone，resist，risk，stand，suggest 等动词后跟 动名词作宾语。 (3)以下动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语意义不同。
第一篇 专题八
·二轮专题复习 ·新课标版 ·英语
热点例析
第一篇 专题八
·二轮专题复习 ·新课标版 ·英语
考点一：非谓语动词作状语 1．不定式作状语 不定式作状语通常表示：(1)原因(多用在某些表示喜、怒、 哀、乐等的形容词后)；(2)目的(可用 so as to/in order to 替换， 但 so as to 一般不可置于句首)；(3)结果(常表出乎意料的结果， 常为 only to do)。 ①We were very excited to hear the news.(原因) ②To get there on time I got up very early.(目的) ③He rushed to school only to find there was nobody there.(结果)
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八、非谓语动词真题试做1．(2012山东高考，26)George returned after the war, only ______ that his wife had left him.A．to be told B．tellingC．being told D．told2．(2011山东高考，27)Look over there—there's a very long，winding path ______ up to the house.A．leading B．leadsC．led D．to lead3．(2010山东高考，23)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.A．completing B．to completeC．completed D．being completed4．(2010山东高考，29)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.A．laid B．layingC．to lay D．being laid考向分析1．考查对谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别，要求明确句子的结构和意义，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法。
2．考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区别，要求掌握一些常见动词后面所接宾语的形式。
3．考查非谓语动词作定语、状语、补语时的区别，尤其是不定式、现在分词短语、过去分词短语所表示的不同时间、逻辑关系和意义。
现在分词和不定式作结果状语时的区别应引起足够重视。
4．考查非谓语动词的否定式、完成式、被动式及复合结构，要求掌握其构成形式、所表示的时间以及逻辑关系。
热点例析考点一：谓语与非谓语形式的识别试题以复杂的结构和冗长的句式呈现，考查考生是否能瞻前顾后地分清句子成分、理解句子结构、明白句子意义，正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。
【典例分析】 (2012浙江高考，8)I think Tom，as the head of a big department，should either study regularly or ______ his job.A．quits B．to quitC．quitting D．quit答案为D项。
该句使用了either ... or ...并列结构，either后面是动词原形study，or后面也应该是动词原形quit，故选择D项构成并列谓语。
(2012全国高考Ⅱ，10)Tony lent me the money，______ that I'd do as much for him.A．hoping B．to hopeC．hoped D．having hoped答案为A项。
由于空前没有连词，应排除谓语形式的C项，如果用hoped则应在空前加and；根据空前的逗号可排除B项，因为动词不定式作目的状语时其前不加逗号；“希望……”并不是发生在“托尼借给我钱”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony与hope 之间存在主动关系，故选择现在分词hoping作状语。
考点二：非谓语形式作主语非谓语形式作主语时，形式主语it常用来代替不定式短语作主语。
如：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.但在It is no use/good doing sth.和It is a waste of time doing sth.句型中，it代替动名词短语作主语。
如：It's no use arguing with them.【典例分析】 (2012浙江高考，3)No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it's better ______ silent.A．remain B．be remainingC．having remained D．to remain答案为D项。
when在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。
考点三：非谓语形式作宾语1．部分动词(短语)后面只能接不定式作宾语。
常见的有：agree/ask/decide/demand/expect/fail/hope/learn/manage/offer/plan/promise/pretend/refuse/wish/would like (love)He agreed to lend me his bike.He refused to say sorry to me.2．部分动词(短语)后面只能接动名词作宾语。
常见的有：avoid/appreciate/consider/delay/enjoy/escape/excuse/finish/imagine/mind/miss/ practise/suggest/keep (on)/feel like/devote oneself to/give up/be (get) used to/be worth/insist on/look forward to/prefer...to...等。
He admitted taking my money.Do you try to avoid making her annoyed?3．部分动词(短语)后接不定式和动名词时，含义不同，应注意区分。
如：I'll remember to post your letter.我会记住把你的信寄上的。
I don't remember saying this to him before.我不记得以前对他说过这件事。
如：I forgot to tell him to come.我忘记叫他来了。
I'll never forget seeing him for the first time.我永远忘不了和他初次见面的情景。
如：I regret to say that I can't accept your kind offer.很抱歉，我不能接受你那善意的提议。
I regret saying what was in my mind.我后悔说了心里话。
如：You must try to improve your teaching method.你一定要试图改进你的教学方法。
If no one answers，try knocking at the back door.如果没人答应，试着敲敲后门。
如：I meant to send you a postcard，but I didn't have your address with me.我本想寄一张明信片给你，但是我身边没有你的地址。
Starting too early means wasting your time.出发太早就是浪费时间。
如：Let's stop to buy something to eat here.咱们在这里停停买些吃的吧。
Let's stop working and have a rest.咱们停下手里的活，歇一会儿。
如：After reading the text，he went on to write the new words.读完课文之后，他接着写生词。
He went on telling us the story after a short rest.稍微休息之后他接着给我们讲故事。
如：I want to join the army.我想参军。
The road needs rebuilding.这条路修需要重新修建。
如：I can't help to carry the box because my arm hurts.我不能帮忙搬箱子，因为我胳膊疼。
They couldn't help laughing when they saw him.他们看到他，忍不住大笑起来。
如：I advised holding a meeting to discuss the matter.我建议开一个会来讨论这件事情。
He often advises people to use their brains.他常常劝人动动脑子。
【典例分析】 (2012安徽高考，24)I remembered ______ the door before I left the office，but forgot to turn off the lights.A．locking B．to lockC．having locked D．to have locked答案为B项。
remember to do sth.意为“记着要做某事”，remember doing sth.意为“记着做过某事”。
“在离开办公室前就把门锁上”显然不合逻辑，所以应选不定式作宾语。
句意：我在离开办公室以前，记着了要锁门，但是忘了要关灯。
(2012北京高考，23)One learns a language by making mistakes and ______ them.A．corrects B．correctC．to correct D．correcting答案为D项。
在介词by后面，and 前后连接两个并列宾语，根据making可知此处选correcting。
句意：一个人在犯错和纠错中学会一种语言。
考点四：非谓语形式作定语1．时间关系不同：不定式作定语通常表示一个未发生的动作；现在分词作定语通常表示一个正在进行的动作、经常性的动作或状态；过去分词作定语多表已完成的动作，或没有一定的时间性(只表示被动)。
如：I have a lot of work to do.The tall girl standing there is a basketball player.This is a play written by Shakespeare.2．逻辑关系不同：不定式所修饰的词可能是它的逻辑主语，也可能是它的逻辑宾语；现在分词作定语时，它所修饰的词一定是它的逻辑主语；过去分词作定语所修饰的词一般是它的逻辑宾语。
如：He is the first to get here.He is the man to depend on.He is the very person looking for you.A letter posted today will probably reach him the day after tomorrow.3．不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果是地点、工具等，不要遗漏必要的介词。