山东省高考英语二轮复习 专题整合突破八 非谓语动词

八、非谓语动词

真题试做

1．(2012山东高考，26)George returned after the war, only ______ that his wife had left him.

A．to be told B．telling

C．being told D．told

2．(2011山东高考，27)Look over there—there's a very long，winding path ______ up to the house.

A．leading B．leads

C．led D．to lead

3．(2010山东高考，23)I have a lot of readings ______ before the end of this term.

A．completing B．to complete

C．completed D．being completed

4．(2010山东高考，29)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ______ for a meal to be cooked.

A．laid B．laying

C．to lay D．being laid

考向分析

1．考查对谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别，要求明确句子的结构和意义，掌握非谓语动词的基本用法。

2．考查不定式和动名词作宾语的区别，要求掌握一些常见动词后面所接宾语的形式。

3．考查非谓语动词作定语、状语、补语时的区别，尤其是不定式、现在分词短语、过去分词短语所表示的不同时间、逻辑关系和意义。现在分词和不定式作结果状语时的区别应引起足够重视。

4．考查非谓语动词的否定式、完成式、被动式及复合结构，要求掌握其构成形式、所表示的时间以及逻辑关系。

热点例析

考点一：谓语与非谓语形式的识别

试题以复杂的结构和冗长的句式呈现，考查考生是否能瞻前顾后地分清句子成分、理解句子结构、明白句子意义，正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。

【典例分析】 (2012浙江高考，8)I think Tom，as the head of a big department，should either study regularly or ______ his job.

A．quits B．to quit

C．quitting D．quit

答案为D项。该句使用了either ... or ...并列结构，either后面是动词原形study，or后面也应该是动词原形quit，故选择D项构成并列谓语。

(2012全国高考Ⅱ，10)Tony lent me the money，______ that I'd do as much for him.

A．hoping B．to hope

C．hoped D．having hoped

答案为A项。由于空前没有连词，应排除谓语形式的C项，如果用hoped则应在空前加and；根据空前的逗号可排除B项，因为动词不定式作目的状语时其前不加逗号；“希望……”并不是发生在“托尼借给我钱”之前，故排除表示完成的having hoped；由于Tony与hope 之间存在主动关系，故选择现在分词hoping作状语。

考点二：非谓语形式作主语

非谓语形式作主语时，形式主语it常用来代替不定式短语作主语。如：

It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.

但在It is no use/good doing sth.和It is a waste of time doing sth.句型中，it

代替动名词短语作主语。如：

It's no use arguing with them.

【典例分析】 (2012浙江高考，3)No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when it's better ______ silent.

A．remain B．be remaining

C．having remained D．to remain

答案为D项。when在此处引导定语从句修饰times，在when引导的从句中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式to remain silent，表示“有时保持沉默更好”。

考点三：非谓语形式作宾语

1．部分动词(短语)后面只能接不定式作宾语。

常见的有：agree/ask/decide/demand/expect/fail/hope/learn/manage/offer/plan/promise/

pretend/refuse/wish/would like (love)

He agreed to lend me his bike.

He refused to say sorry to me.

2．部分动词(短语)后面只能接动名词作宾语。

常见的有：avoid/appreciate/consider/delay/enjoy/escape/excuse/finish/imagine/mind/miss/ practise/suggest/keep (on)/feel like/devote oneself to/give up/be (get) used to/be worth/insist on/look forward to/prefer...to...等。

He admitted taking my money.

Do you try to avoid making her annoyed?

3．部分动词(短语)后接不定式和动名词时，含义不同，应注意区分。

如：

I'll remember to post your letter.我会记住把你的信寄上的。

I don't remember saying this to him before.我不记得以前对他说过这件事。

如：

I forgot to tell him to come.我忘记叫他来了。

I'll never forget seeing him for the first time.我永远忘不了和他初次见面的情景。

如：

I regret to say that I can't accept your kind offer.很抱歉，我不能接受你那善意的提议。

I regret saying what was in my mind.我后悔说了心里话。

如：

You must try to improve your teaching method.你一定要试图改进你的教学方法。

If no one answers，try knocking at the back door.如果没人答应，试着敲敲后门。

如：