考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编39.doc
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、词汇和语法（共20分，每题2分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. DuplicateD. Annihilate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She has been working here since she graduated.B. She has been working here since she graduated from university.C. She has been working here since she graduated university.D. She has been working here since she was graduated.答案：B3. The correct usage of the word "subsequent" is demonstrated in which sentence?A. The subsequent event was unexpected.B. The subsequent events were unexpected.C. The subsequent event was not expected.D. The subsequent events were not expected.答案：B4. What is the antonym of "abundant"?A. ScarceB. AbundantC. PlentifulD. Ample答案：A5. The phrase "at the mercy of" means:A. To be in a position of power.B. To be controlled by someone or something.C. To show mercy to someone.D. To be in a state of uncertainty.答案：B...二、阅读理解（共30分，每篇阅读5题，每题2分）Passage 1[文章内容略]6. What is the main idea of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]7. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]8. The author's attitude towards the subject can be best described as:A. SkepticalB. OptimisticC. NeutralD. Pessimistic答案：[正确答案]9. What does the term "paradigm shift" refer to in the context of the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]10. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage?A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案][其他Passage及问题略]三、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）[文章内容略]11. The blank [ ] should be filled with:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]12. The word that best completes the sentence is:A. [选项A]B. [选项B]C. [选项C]D. [选项D]答案：[正确答案]...四、翻译（共20分，每题5分）13. Translate the following sentence into English: [中文句子]答案：[英文翻译]14. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese: [英文句子]答案：[中文翻译]...五、写作（共10分）15. Write an essay of about 300 words on the topic "The Impact of Technology on Education".[写作指导略][学生作文略]注意：以上试题及答案仅为示例，实际考试内容会有所不同。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编30.doc
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编30(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.Recent research into aging suggests that the body's defense mechanisms may lose the ability to distinguish what is alien.(2003年春季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.insaneB.infectiousC.foreignD.poisonous2.It is impossible to ______ whether she'll be well enough to come home from the hospital next month.(2004年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.foreseeB.inferC.fabricateD.inhibit3.She said some bad things about me, but I have______her for that.（分数：2.00）A.releasedB.freedC.forgivenD.regretted4.Boris Yeltsin, Russia's ______ present, died. His funeral in Moscow was attended by a bevy of world leaders past and present.(2009年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.priorB.pastC.formerte5.Since his retirement, Peter Smith, who was ______ a teacher, has written four novels.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）telyuallyC.formerlyD.already6.When she was asked why she was ahsent for the party, no answer was______. (2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.imminentB.urgentC.emergentD.forthcoming7.Some young people have made a(n)______ by developing private business.（分数：2.00）A.fundB.wealthC.fortuneD.estate8.A group of scholars from several countries were holding a ______ on new trend of literature.(2006年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.fortB.foamD.summit9.You asked me to______ it to Miss Tullock but forgot to give me her address.（分数：2.00）A.offerB.forwardC.grantD.present10.By such demarcation, strong, representative national societies can then be left to do what they do best— ______ young scientists' development at national meetings, and represent their disciplines at the national level.(2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.fosterB.founderC.foundD.foul11.This is but a ______of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored.(2003年复旦大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frictionB.fractionC.factionD.fracture12.The cargo box has a label"______" on it. Please handle it with care.(2004年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.flexibleB.breakC.fragileD.stiff13.He said he was an insurance salesman, but later on she discovered he was a(n)______.(2004年湖北省考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.alienB.counterpartC.clientD.fraud14.The ______ of accidents on that road gives the doctors a lot of work.（分数：2.00）A.figureB.numberC.occurrenceD.frequency15.Vacation policies continue to be a source of______ between management and the workers.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.disturbanceB.resistanceC.contractionD.friction16.The______of medical knowledge are being pushed farther onwards as time goes on.（分数：2.00）A.frontB.borderC.frontiersD.edge17.Giving the child problems he can't solve will only______him.（分数：2.00）B.defeatC.annoyD.frustrate18.She was______by the lack of appreciation shown of her hard work.(2003年清华大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.frustratedB.dispersedC.functionedD.displaced19.Accuracy is ______ to the programming of computers.（分数：2.00）A.fundamentalB.decisiveC.characteristicD.typical20.Obviously these are all factors affecting smooth operation, but the underlying problem is still to be identified.(2004年秋季电子科技大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.operationalB.fundamentalC.operatingD.underneath21.It makes me______when people don't listen, and then ask silly questions.(2007年中国矿业大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.furiousB.generousC.mysteriousD.suspicious22.This room is partly ______ with a few old armchairs.（分数：2.00）A.providedB.decoratedC.beautifiedD.furnished23.That's what I know about it. If you wish for any ______ explanation, you had better apply in person to the manager.（分数：2.00）A.furtherB.concreteC.detailD.general24.The National ______ contains many valuable pictures.（分数：2.00）A.ExhibitionB.StadiumC.ShowD.Gallery25.The shopping-bag ladies know the hours when restaurants put their leftovers in the ______ cans where they search for food.（分数：2.00）A.refuseB.rubbishC.garbageD.junk。
考博士英语试题及答案
考博士英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 阅读下列短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）[短文内容略](1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) What does the author suggest about the future of technology?(3) Why are some people hesitant to adopt new technologies?(4) What is the role of education in technological advancement?(5) How can individuals contribute to the development of technology?2. 阅读以下文章，然后根据文章内容选择最佳答案。
（每题2分，共10分）[文章内容略](1) A(2) B(3) C(4) D(5) E3. 阅读以下文章，并根据文章内容回答问题。
（每题3分，共20分） [文章内容略](1) What is the primary purpose of the article?(2) How does the author describe the impact of globalization?(3) What are some of the challenges faced by developing countries?(4) What solutions does the author propose to address the issues?(5) What is the author's conclusion regarding the futureof globalization?二、词汇与语法（共30分）1. 根据句子意思，选择正确的词汇填空。
考博英语历年真题试卷
考博英语历年真题试卷《考博英语历年真题试卷》As an aspiring doctoral student, the journey to obtaining a PhD is a challenging and rigorous one. One of the major milestones in this journey is the examination process, and the English language proficiency test is a crucial component of this process. The "考博英语历年真题试卷" (Doctoral English Language Proficiency Test Past Papers) is an invaluable resource for students preparing for this exam. The past papers provide a comprehensive overview of the types of questions that may be asked in the exam, as well as the format and structure of the test. By studying these papers, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements and expectations, and can tailor their preparation accordingly. Furthermore, the past papers also serve as a valuable practice tool for students. By attempting the questions in the papers, students can assess their current level of English proficiency and identify areas for improvement. This allows them to focus their efforts on areas where they may be weaker, and to develop strategies for tackling different types of questions.In addition to being a practical study aid, the past papers also offer insight into the evolution of the exam over the years. By studying older papers, students can gain a better understanding of how the exam has changed and adapted over time, and can anticipate potential trends or patterns in the types of questions that may be asked in future exams.Overall, the "考博英语历年真题试卷" is an essential resource for any studentpreparing for the English language proficiency test as part of their doctoral studies. By using these past papers as a study aid, students can gain a better understanding of the exam's requirements, assess their current level of proficiency, and develop effective strategies for success. With diligent preparation and the help of these past papers, students can approach the exam with confidence and achieve their goal of obtaining a PhD.。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Our manager is so______ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)A．stiffB．rigidC．tenseD．tight正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是stiff僵硬的，不灵活的；rigid<人>[在……方面]固执的，顽固的；tense拉紧的，绷紧的：tight严厉的，吝啬的。
句意是，我们经理对自己的想法非常固执，从来听不见新的想法。
根据句意推出正确答案是B选项。
2．America has now adopted more ______ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.(2014年厦门大学考博试题) A．discreteB．solemnC．rigorousD．autonomous正确答案：C解析：句意为：现在美国已经采用了更加严密的欧式检测系统，食物中毒发生率正在下降。
根据句意，只有C项rigorous“严密的，严格的”符合句意，故选C项。
A项意为“分离的”；B项意为“庄严的”；D项意为“自治的”，均不符合句意。
3．She has______ideas about becoming a famous actress.A．childishB．illusoryC．novelD．romantic正确答案：D解析：romantic a．不切实际的，爱空想的；浪漫的，传奇的(如：A romantic person likes to imagine things．Don’t be carried away with romantic notions．A romantic story is one about love or adventure．)。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编1.doc
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编1(总分：62.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：31，分数：62.00)1.The weather wasn't favorable and both teams had to______icy rain and a strong wind during the match.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.pin downB.get stuck inC.take control ofD.contend with2.People planning to travel by car to North Dakota in the winter are advised to______their cars with snowtires.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.installB.purchaseC.provideD.equip3.The consumer______in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.boomB.volumeC.summitD.pressure4.After a number of disagreements with the committee, the chairman decided to______his present job.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.retireB.resignC.retreatD.withdraw5.Obviously, no teacher has______patience. Even Larry, who is always kind and tolerant, lost his temper on that particular occasion.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.definiteB.spectacularC.infiniteposed6.Scientists use observation and experimentation to examine a specific concept______existing theories and principles.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.in the light ofB.in view ofC.as toD.in the interest of7.As the ship is loaded, it will sink deeper and deeper into the water, but only sink deep enough to______an amount of water equal to the weight of the ship and its cargo.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.dismissB.offsetC.displaceD.squeeze8.Among other things the Town Council is responsible for parks, fire services,______collection and libraries.(厦门大学2012年试题)（分数：2.00）A.refuseB.plagueC.robberyD.insect9.He's color-blind and can't______the difference between red and green easily.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.detectB.discoverC.distinguishD.determine10.As many as 100 species of fish, some______to these waters, may have been affected by the pollution.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.unusualB.particularC.typicalD.unique11.In her bright yellow coat, she was easily______in the crowed.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.accessibleB.identifiableC.negligibleD.incredible12.Some people find that certain foods______their headaches.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.introduceB.triggerC.summonD.create13.The workers chose to______their dissatisfaction in a series of strikes.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.deliverB.offerC.manifestD.indicate14.Living with a roommate______constraint on her, she couldn't play her trumpet or have parties late at night.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.imposingB.illustratingC.impressingD.leaving15.I don't know how to get there either, perhaps we'd better______a map.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）A.noteB.markC.consultD.draft16.In the______of recent incidents, we ask our customers to take particular care of their belongings.(复旦大学2011年试题)（分数：2.00）panyC.lightD.form17.The problem of where we will raise the funds for the scheme has not yet been______.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.accessedB.addressedC.dealtD.expressed18.Her remarkable success as a rock star is partly due to her ability to______the media.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.mandateB.meditateC.manifestD.manipulate19.The government claimed that it was accidental, but the hollow and______excuse could not convince the public.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.feebleB.deliberateC.fluentD.delicate20.We need to make sure that we______our resources as fully as possible.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）eB.exploitC.employD.explore21.The news that the company is being taken over by foreign investors has severely______the stock markets.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.vibratedB.swungC.trembledD.jolted22.He was______for his years of service to the company with a grand farewell party and several presents.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.awardedB.rewardedC.wardedD.safeguarded23.In the busy holiday season, extra buses are provided to______the existing service.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.supplementplementC.implementD.experiment24.Whenever a camera was pointed at her, Marilyn would instantly______herself into a radiant star.(复旦大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.transportC.transformD.transgress25.On his wanderings he's______Spanish, Italian, French and a smattering of Russian.(四川大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.woken upB.taken toC.picked upe to26.His eighth book came out earlier this year and was a(n)______bestseller.(四川大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.swiftB.instantC.timelyD.punctual27.The ideological make-up of the unions is now______different from what it had been.(四川大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.violentlyB.severelyC.extremelyD.radically28.There was snow everywhere, so that the shape of things was difficult to______.(四川大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.identifyB.authorizeC.justifyD.rationalize29.He said it would not be all that difficult to reach a peaceful conclusion to the______.(四川大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.paradoxB.dilemmaC.prejudiceD.conflict30.Like most foreigners, I ask a lot of questions, some of which are insultingly silly. But everyone I______has answered those questions with patience and honesty.(浙江大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）e acrosse bye overe into31.Among picture books for 4—8 years olds, several outstanding works appeared that combined original stories with______illustrations.(浙江大学2010年试题)（分数：2.00）A.imaginableB.imaginativeC.imagingD.imageless。
考博英语词汇试题及答案
考博英语词汇试题及答案英语词汇是考博的重要考点之一，那么关于考博的.英语词汇你准备得怎么样?下面跟yjbys店铺一起来练习以下英语词汇试题，希望对大家复习有所帮助!1. Hoping that he might be able to _____the problem,I asked Manio to look at the engine.A shed light onB make light ofC bring light toD set light to2. His_____ and unwillingless to learn from others prevent him from being an effective member of the team.A arroganceB dignityC humilityD solitude3. The economy grew at its fastest rate since 1980 thanks to a(n)______in world trade.A inflationB stimulusC bulgeD boom4. He decided he was going to take______ for the murder of his sisterA refugeB testifyC certifyD allege5. No one expected him to ____against his former employer.A dedareB testifyC certifyD allege6. Rachel was the_____choice for the job thanks to her communication skillsA unanimousB genuineC harmniousD agreeable7. The police detective put together the pieces of evidence to form on ____ account.A senstiveB genuineC expressiveD coherent8. You should have your eyes examined_____to be sure of your eyesight.A periodicallyB persistentlyC continuouslyD continually9. You should treat those remarks with the ___ that they deserve don’t give them a second thought.A negativeB disgraceC contemptD sarcasm10 The book is a rain attempt to ____ the name of one of the worst dictators in modern history.A worshipB glorifyC adoreD cherish11 The government is seeking to ___ itself from the latest financial.A detachB extractC deriveD ease12 Heavy rainful in the south of England means that flooding is____A imminentB momentousC transientD prospective13 He____ his assistant to pick up the plans from the office.A disposeB dispensedC dispatchedD dispersed14 I didn't ignore her_____ just didn't recognize her.A attentivelyB intensivelyC intentionallyD intensely15 You will only be allowed to leave early in_____ circumstancesA exceptionalB concidentalC peculiarD imperative参考答案： A A D B B A D A A B B A C C A浙江大学考博英语04年春词汇题1. It is important to keep the factory working at ____ efficiency all the time.A optimisticB optimumC opticalD optional2. We need to take steps to counter the _____ decline in our export market.A lingeringB chronicC lengthyD abiding3. Her handwriting is so bad that it is barely____A legibleB intelligibleC distinctiveD conceivable4. We are going to____ what were learned so for by doing some revision exercise today.A consolidateB reinforceC affirmD conform5. Kerin made one last____attempt to persuade Sandra to go with him and then leftA considerableB trivalC futileD resultant6. The school agree to ___ their decision until they had spoken to his parents.A convertB retainC deterD expel7. Repullican Party member were confidently ____ victory even as the first few votes come inA acclainingB reclainingC exclainingD proclaiming8. The___between the two sets of figures suggests that someone had been stealing money from the bankA discrepancyB conflictC contrastD divergence9. The idea that a good night sleep will cure everything is a complete _____A defectB fallacyC fraudD abuse10 Before a bill can become law it has to have the full ____ of both Houses of Parliament.A justificationB warrantC endorsementD verification11 The image is ____ by a series of lenses within the telescopeA maginfiedB signifiedC extendedD expanded12 Strangely enough the most obvious explanation did not ___ Juckie until the next dayA stumble onB occur toC come up withD stand up to13 The government wants a 3% inflation rate,but is this a ___ objective?A reflectiveB flexibleC feebleD feasible14 She has still ___ by what happened in Bancelona,although she had left 20years earlierA hauntedB frequentedC recalledD sustained15 The hands on my alarm clock are____.So I can tell time in the darkA imminentB luminousC illuminationD illustrative参考答案：B B A A C B D A B C A B D A B浙江大学考博英语04年秋词汇题(大部分与03年秋以及04年春词汇部分重复，不同的有)1. You can't cure a common cold, but you can ____ the symptoms.A moderateB alleviateC diluteD subdue2. For years scientists have been ___ by the strange circles that have appeared in cornfields.A tangledB terrifiedC evokedD baffled3. The flood was a___ from which Bangladesh has never really recoreDA calamityB downfallC reverseD scandal4 Our company's management____negotiations on a new union contractA launchedB triggeredC terminatedD preserved参考答案：B D A A浙江大学考博英语05年春词汇题1. If wool is submerged in hot water,it tend to___A snapB shrinkC fadeD condense2. His last play was ___ by the critics as a masterpieceA claimedB proclaimedC exclaimedD acclaimed3. It is the builder’s job to make sure that the house conforms to the architects___ in every way.A regulationsB specialitiesC essentialsD specifications4.Your letter has been___ to the authority concerneDA transitedB transferedC transportedD transmitted5.Among her many___ are loyalty ,courage andtruthfulnessA virtuesB moralsC charactersD graces6 The soldiers___ their arms as thay marcheDA swayedB swungC swervedD swelled7. The country's constitution___ the ideals of equality and freedom.A embodiesB symbolizesC marksD represents8. It was ___ whether the patient will survive the operationA vagueB suspiciousC ambiguousD doubtful9, The brochure______us into thinking that our hotel was only five minutes from the beachA trappedB frightenedC engagedD misled10 "I'm far too busy to talk to you now."he said,in his usual____manner.A rigidB steepC abruptD stern11 He's rich and keeps____about how much money he's got to impress peopleA exaggeratingB boastingC admiringD inspiring12 She was____enough to realize right from the start that he was lying.A initiativeB pervasiveC imaginativeD perceptive13 The two countries___ their peace efforts after a break of two and a half yearsA rebukedB renewedC reviewedD reclaimed14 People always greet each other warmly,____ their different origins and beliefs.A in regard toB in contrast withC with respect toD regardless of15 The express train from London___ on time.A pulled upB pulled overC pulled inD pulled through参考答案：B D D B A B A D DC BD B D C【2017考博英语词汇试题及答案】。
博士英语考试试题及答案
博士英语考试试题及答案一、词汇与语法（共20分）1. The word "innovate" is most closely related to which of the following?A. CreateB. ImitateC. CopyD. Duplicate答案：A2. Which sentence is grammatically correct?A. She don't like to go out in the rain.B. They has been working on the project for months.C. Neither of the students were prepared for the exam.D. The number of attendees is greater than expected.答案：D3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions:a) The book is _______ the shelf.b) She is _______ the committee since 2019.c) He is _______ the same opinion as his colleague.答案：a) onb) inc) of二、阅读理解（共30分）Passage 1[Text omitted for brevity]4. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of education.B. The impact of technology on society.C. The role of communication in relationships.D. The benefits of a healthy lifestyle.答案：B5. According to the passage, which of the following is not a benefit of using technology?A. Improved efficiency.B. Enhanced communication.C. Increased isolation.D. Greater accessibility.答案：C6. What does the author suggest as a solution to the problem mentioned in the passage?A. Limiting the use of technology.B. Encouraging more face-to-face interactions.C. Relying solely on traditional methods.D. Ignoring the issue altogether.答案：B三、完形填空（共20分）[Text omitted for brevity]7. In the context of the passage, what does the word "alleviate" most likely mean?A. To worsen.B. To reduce.C. To ignore.D. To exaggerate.答案：B8. Why does the author believe that the issue discussed is important?A. It affects a large number of people.B. It is a new and emerging problem.C. It has been overlooked by many.D. It is a personal concern of the author.答案：A9. What is the best title for the passage?A. The Negative Effects of Stress.B. Coping Strategies for Stress.C. The Causes of Stress in Modern Life.D. The Importance of Stress Management.答案：B四、翻译（共20分）10. Translate the following sentence from English to Chinese:"The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives."答案：技术快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了重大变化。
博士生英语考试真题试卷
博士生英语考试真题试卷一、词汇与语法（共10题）1. The new discovery ______ a significant impact on the field of medicine.A. makes.B. has.C. gives.D. takes.答案：B。
解析：“have an impact on...”是固定搭配，表示“对……有影响”，这里主语是“the new discovery”，为第三人称单数，所以用“has”。
2. She was so ______ in her work that she didn't notice the time passing.A. absorbed.B. attracted.C. drawn.D. concentrated.答案：A。
解析：“be absorbed in...”是固定短语，意为“专心于……”；“be attracted to...”表示“被……吸引”；“concentrate on”（集中精力于），这里需要用“absorbed”。
3. It is essential that every student ______ a good command of English.A. has.B. had.C. have.D. will have.答案：C。
解析：在“It is essential that...”句型中，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，“should”可以省略，所以这里用“have”。
4. The committee ______ of fifteen members.A. consists.B. composes.C. makes up.D. is made up.答案：A。
解析：“consist of”表示“由……组成”，主动形式；“be made up of”也表示“由……组成”，但为被动形式；“compose”的用法是“be composed of”，这里主语是“the committee”，所以用“consists”。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编4.doc
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.She had a great______ for the toxin where she grew up.（分数：2.00）A.feelingB.tasteC.emotionD.affection2.The company that Joan works for is ______ with an automotive company, so she can get a discount on a new car.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.correlatedB.parallelC.affiliatedD.accounted3.The Supreme Court______the judgment of the lower court in that case last week. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.amplifiedB.affirmedC.ascendedD.applauded4.I can't______to have a holiday abroad on my salary.（分数：2.00）A.spendB.spareC.affordD.stand5.The bridge was named ______ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.（分数：2.00）A.byB.withC.afterD.from6.He felt it rather difficult to take a stand ______ the opinion of the majority.（分数：2.00）A.forB.againstC.toD.by7.Any business needs insurance ______ordinary risks such as fire, flood and breakage.(2007年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.inB.againstC.onD.of8.The continuous unrest was ______ the nation's economy.(2004年上海理工大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.exaggeratingB.aggravatingC.amendingD.fastening9.Animals can become unusually ______ when they are upset by a sudden environmental change.（分数：2.00）A.vigorousB.predominantC.aggressiveD.irritable10.International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages ______ patriotism.(2004年中国人民大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.obsoleteB.aggressiveC.harmoniousD.amiable11.The moment someone broke into the factory, a burglar______rang in the police station.（分数：2.00）A.alarmB.warningC.bellD.threat12.The doctor ______ me to the danger of not getting enough sleep.（分数：2.00）A.warnedB.advisedC.remindedD.alerted13.The twins are so much ______ that it is difficult to tell one from the other.（分数：2.00）A.similarB.sameC.likeD.alike14.The park was______with people doing all sorts of recreational activities.（分数：2.00）A.liveB.aliveC.livelyD.vigorous15.The doctor promised that this medicine would ______ the pain in the stomach.(2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.affirmedB.agitatedC.alleviateD.allocate16.Though this apparatus is expensive, the patient agreed to use it after the operation because it could______ the pain.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.assessB.alleviateC.avengeD.affirm17.The medicine______his pain but did not cure his illness.(2015年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.activatedB.alleviatedC.deterioratedD.mediated18.England and France formed a(n) ______ against Germany in the Second World War.（分数：2.00）A.unionB.allianceC.entityD.solidarity19.The boy had certainly done wrong, but his father made ______ for his youth.（分数：2.00）A.allowancesB.excusesC.pleasD.accounts20.The small country ______ itself with the stronger power for protection.（分数：2.00）A.attachedB.alliedC.gearedD.adapted21.She had to______her dress because she had lost weight.（分数：2.00）A.changeB.modifyC.alterD.shrink22.When travelling, you are advised to lake travellers' checks, which provide a secure ______ to carrying your money in cash.（分数：2.00）A.substituteB.replacementC.preferenceD.alternative23.Many people proposed that a national committee be formed to discuss ______ to existing mass transit systems.(2003年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.substitutesB.measuresC.duplicatesD.alternatives24.Knowing that the cruel criminal has done a lot of unlawful things, I feel sure that I have no ______ but to report him to the local police.(2002年3月中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.timeB.chanceC.authorityD.alternative25.When traveling, you are advised to take traveler's checks, which provide a secure ______ to carrying your money in cash.(2010年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.substituteB.selectionC.preferenceD.alternative。
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39.doc
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39.doc考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)1.As its______grew, funds began to accumulate and the union got more and more powerful.（分数：2.00）A.recruitB.sizeC.membershipD.expansion2.Little boys seem to enjoy______ train sets more than little girls.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.captureB.departureC.fixtureD.miniature3.Concerned people want to______ the risk of developing cancer.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.takeB.decreaseC.minimizeD.claimed4.This price is his ______;he refuses to lower it any further.（分数：2.00）A.minimum/doc/1f7402501.html,stC.maximumD.final5.Why do you look so ______? You never smile or look cheerful.（分数：2.00）A.miserableB.unfortunateC.sorryD.rude6.John complained to the bookseller that there were some pages ______ in the dictionary.（分数：2.00）A.losingB.missingC.droppingD.falling7.The blunder of Argentina's goalie cost them the game in the match against Brazil.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.triumphB.beatC.mistakeD.straggle8.Americans are highly______, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.movingB.mobileD.motional9.The whole program is well designed, but some details need further ______ by some experts.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.proofingB.modifyingC.demonstratingD.polishing10.A scientific law is liable at anytime to need______, that is an eternal truth. (2004年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.modifyingB.changingC.revisingD.adjusting11.The integration of staff for training has led to a good exchange of ideas, greater enthusiasm, and higher staff______.(2003年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.moralB.mortalC.moraleD.mores12.He was ______ only by his wish to help me, and expected nothing in return.（分数：2.00）A.activatedB.encouragedC.inspiredD.motivated13.When there is more food, animals generally______ faster; their number increases quickly.（分数：2.00）A.growB.expandC.multiplyD.produce14.In Germany, the industrial giants Daimler Chrysler and Siemens recently ______ their unions into signing contracts that lengthen word hours without increasing pay.(2006年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.muscledB.movedC.mushedD.muted15.Bob fails to attend the evening school. He______ sick, because he never asks for leave.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.may beB.can beC.must beD.is16.There is something ______ about her early childhood; nobody knows anything about it.（分数：2.00）A.difficultB.mysteriousC.vague17.An air of______ surrounded the events leading up to his resignation.（分数：2.00）A.mythB.depressionC.pessimismD.mystery18.These plastic flowers look so ______that many people think they are real.（分数：2.00）A.beautifulB.natural/doc/1f7402501.html,parableD.similar19.In ancient times, some catastrophic extinction of species occurred______.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.sequentiallyB.repeatedlyC.naturallyD.intentionally20.You can't learn anything with a(n) ______attitude.（分数：2.00）A.negativeB.practicalC.realisticD.inconsistent21.Any student who ______ his homework is unlikely to pass his examination.（分数：2.00）A.deniesB.refusesC.neglectsD.reduces22.The damage of his car was______; therefore, he could repair it himself.(2013年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）A.appreciableB.negligibleC.considerableD.invisible23.This is a nasty comer for a large car to______.（分数：2.00）A.negotiateB.driveC.proceedD.match24.Henry forgot to bring his admission card with him.______,he was allowed into the hall to take the examination.（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.CertainlyC.NeverthelessD.Consequently25.Travelling on those bad mountain roads was a(n)______.（分数：2.00）A.nightmareB.adventureC.delightD.dream。
2023年考博英语真题及答案
2023考博英语真题及答案PART 1 TRANSLATION (Chinese to English )1.为了减缓交通，提高空气质量，北京公布了新的交通规章。
To relieve the traffic and improve the air quality, new traffic regulations have been issued in Beijing.考点一：减缓交通(relieve the traffic)考点二：公布(issue)2.有牢靠的证据说明，日光暴晒与皮肤癌之间有联系。
(evidence) There is convincing evidence of a link between exposure to sunlight and skin cancer.考点一：日光曝晒(exposure to sunlight)考点二：“皮肤癌”一词的翻译3.虽然他深知吸烟有害安康，但他对我们要他戒烟的忠告却置若罔闻。
(aware)Tough he is aware that smoking is harmful to health, he is always turning a deaf ear to our advice that he give up smoking.考点一：be aware of 的用法考点二：be harmful to 的用法考点三：对置若罔闻(turn a deaf ear to)4.科学家们不负众望，胜利放射了一枚人造卫星。
(live)The scientists successfully launched a man-made satellite, living up to peoples expectation.考点一：不负众望(live up to peoples expectation)考点二：放射卫星(launch a satellite)5.那场大雾直到11点钟才散去，延误了好几十个航班。
年全国医学博士英语统考真题及参考答案
年全国医学博⼠英语统考真题及参考答案2010年全国医学博⼠外语统⼀考试英语试卷答题须知1.请考⽣⾸先将⾃⼰的姓名、所在考点、准考证号在标准答题卡上认真填写清楚，并按“考场指令”要求，在标准答题卡上，将准考证号相应的位置涂好。
2.试卷⼀（paper one）和试卷⼆（paper two）答案都做在标准答题卡上，书⾯表达⼀定要⽤⿊⾊签字笔或钢笔写在标准答题卡上指定区域，不要做在试卷上。
3.试卷⼀答题答题时必须使⽤2B铅笔，将所选答案按要求在相应位置涂⿊；如要更正，先⽤橡⽪擦⼲净。
4.标准答题卡不可折叠，同时必须保持平整⼲净，以利评分。
5.听⼒考试只放⼀遍录⾳，每道题后有15秒左右的答题时间。
Paper OnePart I Listening comprehension(30%)Section ADirections: In this section you will hear fifteen short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, you will hear a question about what is said. The question willbe read only once. After you hear the question, read the four possible answers markedA, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on theANSWER SHEET.Listen to the following example.You will hear:Woman: I feel faint.Man: No wonder. You haven’t had a bite all day.Question: What’s the matter with the womanYou will read:A. She is sick.B. She was bitten by an ant.C. She is hungry.D. She spilled her paint.Here C is the right answer.Sample AnswerA B DCB. She needs a new purse.C. She’s going to give a birthday party.D. She wants to go shopping with her mom.2. A. She hears noises in her ears day and night.B. She has been overworking for a long time.C. Her right ear, hurt in an accident, is troubling her.D. Her ear rings are giving her trouble day and night.3. A. He’ll go to see Mr. White at 10:30 tomorrow.B. He’d like to make an earlier appointment.C. He’d like to cancel the appointment.D. He’d like to see another dentist.4. A. 8:00 B. 8:15 C. 8:40 D. 8:455. A. In a hotel. B. At a fast food bar.C. In the supermarket.D. In the department store.6. A. To resign right away.B.To work one more day as chairman.C.To think twice before he make the decision.D.To receive further training upon his resignation.7. A. She didn’t do anything in particular.B.She send a wounded person to the ER.C.She had to work in the ER.D.She went skiing.8. A. A customs officer. B. The man’s mother.C. A school headmaster.D. An immigration officer.9. A. It feels as if the room is going around.B.It feels like a kind of unsteadiness.C.It feels as if she is falling down.D.It feels as if she is going around.10. A. John has hidden something in the tree.B.John himself should be blamed.C.John has a dog that barks a lot.D.John is unlucky.11. A. The chemistry homework is difficult.B.The chemistry homework is fun.C.The math homework is difficult.12. A. His backache. B. His broken leg.C. His skin problem.D. His eye condition.13. A. Whooping cough, smallpox and measles.B.Whooping cough, chickenpox and measles.C.Whooping cough, smallpox and German measles.D.Whooping cough, chickenpox and German measles.14. A. Saturday morning. B. Saturday night.C. Saturday afternoon.D. Next weekend.15. A. He’s lost his notebook.B.His handwriting is messy.C.He’ll miss class latter this week.D.He cannot make it for his appointment.Section BDirections: In this section you will hear one conversion and two passages, after each of which, you will hear five questions. After each question, read the four possible answers marked A,B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the letter of your choice on theANSWER SHEET.Conversation16. A. He is having a physical checkup.B.He has just undergone an operation.C.He has just recovered from an illness.D.He will be discharged from the hospital this afternoon.17. A. He got an infection in the lungs.B.He had his gallbladder inflamed.C.He was suffering from influenza.D.He had developed a big kidney tone.18. A. A lot better. B. Terribly awful.C. Couldn’t be better.D. Okay, but a bit weak.19. A. To be confined to a wheelchair.B.To stay indoors for a complete recovery.C.To stay in bed and drink a lot of water.D.To move about and enjoy the sunshine.20. A. From 4 pm to 6 pm. B. From 5 pm to 7 pm.C. From 6 pm to 8 pm.Passage One21. A. The link between weight loss and sleep deprivation.B.The link between weight gain and sleep deprivation.C.The link between weight loss and physical exercise.D.The link between weight gain and physical exercise.22. A. More than 68,000. B. More than 60,800.C. More than 60,080.D. More than 60,008.23. A. Sever-hour sleepers gained more weight over time than 5-hour ones.B.Five-hour sleepers gained more weight over time than 7-hour ones.C.Short-sleepers were 15% more likely to become obese.D.Short-sleepers consumed fewer calories than long sleepers.24. A. Overeating among the sleep-deprived.B.Little exercise among the sleep-deprived.C.Lower metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.D.Higher metabolic rate resulting from less sleep.25. A. Exercise every day. B. Take diet pills.C. Go on a diet.D. Sleep more.Passage Two26. A. She is too hard on me.B.She asks too many questions.C.She is always considerate of my feelings.D.She is the meanest mother in the neighborhood.27. A. A university instructor. B. A teaching assistant.C. A phD student.D. A psychiatrist.28. A. They usually say no.B.They usually say yes.C.They usually wait and see.D.They usually refuse to say anything.29. A. They are overconfident.B.Their brains grow too fast.C.They are psychologically dependent.D.Their brains are still immature in some areas.30. A. Be easy on your teen.B.Try to be mean to your teen.D.Don’t care about your teen’s feelings.Part II Vocabulary (10%)Section ADirections: In this section all the statements are incomplete, beneath each of which are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can bestcomplete the statement and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWERSHEET.31. A number of black youths have complained of being by the police.A. harassedB. distractedC. sentencedD. released32. He rapidly became with his own power in the team.A. irrigatedB. irradiatedC. streetlightD. torchlight33. Throughout his political career he has always been in the .A. twilightB. spotlightC. streetlightD. torchlight34. We that diet is related to most types of cancer but we don’t have definite proof.A. suspendB. superveneC. superviseD. suspect35. A patient who is dying of incurable cancer of the throat is in terrible pain, which can nolonger be satisfactorily .A. alleviatedB. abolishedC. demolishedD. diminished36. The television station is supported by from foundations and other sources.A. donationsB. pensionsC. advertisements37. More legislation is needed to protect the property rights of the patent.A. integrativeB. intellectualC. intelligent38. Officials are supposed to themselves to the welfare and health of the generalpublic.A. adaptB. confineC. commitD. assess39. You should stop your condition and do something about it.A. drawing onB. touching onC. leaning onD. dwelling on40. The author of the book has shown his remarkably keen into human nature.A. perspectiveB. dimensionC. insightD. reflectionSection BDirections: In this section each of the following sentences has a word or phrase underlined, beneath which are four words or phrase. Choose the word or phrase which canbest keep the meaning of the original sentence if it is substituted for theunderlined part. Then mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.41.The chemical was found to be detrimental to human health.A. toxicB. immuneC. sensitiveD. allergic42.It will be a devastating blow for the patient, if the clinic closes.A. permanentB. desperateC. destructiveD. sudden43.He kept telling us about his operation in the most graphic detail.A. verifiableC. preciseD. ambiguous44.The difficult case tested the ingenuity of even the most skillful physician.A. credibilityB. commitmentC. honestyD. talent45.He left immediately on the pretext that he had to catch a train.A. claimB. clueC. excuseD. talent46.The nurse was filled with remorse of not believing her .A. anguishB. regretC. apologyD. grief47.The doctor tried to find a tactful way of telling her the truth.A. delicateB. communicativeC. skillfulD. considerate48.Whether a person likes a routine office job or not depends largely on temperament.A. dispositionB. qualificationC. temptationD. endorsement49.The doctor ruled out Friday’s surgery for the patient’s unexpected complications.A. confirmedB. facilitatedC. postponedD. cancelled50.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life.A. cautiousB. motionlessC. calmD. alertDirections: In this section there is a passage with ten numbered blanks. For each blank, there are four choice marked A, B, C and D listed on the right side. Choose the best answer andmark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Experts say about 1% of young women in the United States are almost starving themselves today. They are suffering from a sickness called anorexia.These young women have an abnormal fear of getting fat. They 51 starve themselves so they weigh at 15% less than their normal weight.The National Institute of Mental Health says one 52 ten cases of anorexia leads to serious medical problems. These patients can die from heart failure or the disease can lead young womento 53 themselves. For example, former gymnast Christy Henrich died at age 22. She weighed only61 pounds.A person with anorexia first develops joint and muscle problems. There is a lack of iron inthe blood. 54 the sickness progresses, a young woman’s breathing, heartbeat, and blood pressure rates slow down. The important substance calcium is 55 from the bones, something causing bones to break. Sometimes the brain gets smaller, causing changes in 56 a person thinks and acts. Scientists say many patients have further mental and emotional problems. They have 57 opinions about themselves. They feel helpless. Their attempts to become extremely thin may 58 efforts to take control of their lives. They may become dependent on illegal drugs. Some people also feel the need to continually repeat a(n) 59 . For example, they may repeatedly wash their hands although their hands are clean.Anorexia is a serious eating 60 .If it is not treated on time, it can be fatal.51. A. specifically B. purposely C. particularly D. passionately52. A. from B. of C. at D. in53. A. kill B. starve C. abuse D. worsen54. A. When B. While C. As D. Since55. A. lost B. derived C. generated D. synthesized56. A. what B. why C. how D. which57. A. good B. high C. lower D. poor58. A. represent B. make C. present D. exert59. A. medication B. illusion C. motion D. action60. A. habit B. behavior C. disorder D. patternPart IV Reading Comprehension(30%)Direction:In this part there are six passages, each of which is followed by five questions. For each question there are four possible answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the bestanswer and mark the letter of your choice on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage OneChildren should avoid using mobile phones for all but essential calls because of possible health effects on young brains. This is one of the expected conclusions of an official government report to be published this week. The report is expected to call for the mobile phone industry to refrain from promoting phone use by children, and to start labeling phones with data on the amount of radiation they emit. The Independent Expert Group on Mobile Phones, chaired by former government chief scientist William Stewart, has spent eight months reviewing existing scientific evidence on all aspects of the health effects of using mobile phones. Its report is believed to conclude that because we don’t fully understand the nonthermal effects of radiation on human tissue, the government should adopt a precautionary approach, particularly in relation to children.There is currently no evidence that mobile phones harm users or people living near transmitter masts. But some studies show that cell-phones operating at radiation levels within current safety limits do have some sort of biological effect on the brain.to environmental insults,” he says,“So if phones did prove to be hazardous——which they haven’t yet ——it would be sensible.”In 1998, Tattersall showed that radiation levels similar to those emitted by mobile phones could alter signals from brain cells in slices of rat brain, “What we’ve found is an effect, but we don’t know if it’s hazardous,” he says.Alan Preece of the University of Bristol, who found last year that microwaves increase reaction times in test subjects, agreed that children’s exposure would be greater. “There’s a lot less tissue in the way, and the skill is thinner, so children’s heads are considerably closer,” he says.Stewart’s report is likely to recommend that the current British safety standards on energy emissions from cell-phones should be cut to the level recommended by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection, which is one-fifth of the current British limit. “The extra safety factor of five is somewhat arbitrary,” s ays Michael Clark of the National Radiological Protection Board. “But we accept that it’s difficult for the UK to have different standards from an international body.”61. Just because it has not been confirmed yet whether mobile phone emissions can harm humantissue, according to the government report, does not mean that .A. the government should prohibit children from using cell-phonesB. we should put down the phone for the sake of safetyC. the industry can have a right to promote phone useD. children are safe using cell-phones62. Tattersall argues that it is wise to refrain mobile phone use by children in termsof .A. their neural developmentB. their ill-designed cell-phonesC. the frequency of their irrational useD. their ignorance of its possible health effects63. On the issue in question, Preece .A. does not agree with TattersallB. tries to remove the obstacles in the wayC. asks for further investigationD. would stand by Stewart64. What is worrisome at present is that the UK .A. is going to turn deaf ears to the voice of Stesart’s planB. finds it difficult to cut the current safety standards on phone useC. maintains different standards on safety limit from the international onesD. does not even impose safety limit on the mobile phones’ energy emissions65．Which of the following can bi the best candidate for the title of the passageA . Brain Wave B. For Adults OnlyC. Catch Them YoungD. The Answer in the AirPassage TwoAdvances in cosmetic dentistry and plastic surgery have made it possible to correct facial birth defects, repair damaged teeth and tissue, and prevent or greatly delay the onset of tooth decay and gum disease. As a result, more people smile more often and more openly today than ever in the past, and we can expect more smiles in the future.middle-class family members in formal portraits and domestic scenes appear to have their mouths firmly closed. Soldiers in battle, children at play, beggars, old people, and especially villains may have their mouths open; but their smiles are seldom attractive, and more often suggest strain or violence than joy.Smiles convey a wide range of meanings in different eras and cultures, says art historian Angus Trumble, currently curator(馆长)of Yale University’s Center for British Art, in his book A Brief History of the Smile. Compare, for instance, the varying impressions made by the shy dimples(酒窝)of Leonardo’s Mona Lisa; the rosy-cheeked, mustachioed Laughing Cavalier of Frans Hals; and the”Smiley Face”logo perfected(though not invented)in 1963 by American graphic artist Harvey .In some non-Western cultures, Trumble notes, even a warm, open smile does not necessarily indicate pleasure or agreement. It can simply be a polite mask to cover emotions considered too rude or shocking to bi openly displayed.Subtle differences in muscle movement can convey enormous differences in emotion, from the tranquility of bronze Buddhas, to the erotic bliss of couples entwined in stone on Hindu temples,to the fierce smirk(假笑)of a guardian demon at the entrance to a Chinese tomb.Trumble expects the impact of Western medicine and mass media to further increase the pressure on people to grin broadly and laugh openly in public.”Faint smiles are increasingly thought of in scientific and psychological circles as something that falls short of the true smile ,”and therefore suggest insincerity or lack of enthusiasm, he says.With tattooing, boby piercing, and permanent cosmetics already well established as fashion trends, one can imagine tomorrow’s beauty shops adding plastic surgeons and dentists to their staffs. These comer-store cosmeticians would offer style makeovers to reshape our lips, teeth, and jawlines to mimic the signature smile of one’s favorite celebrity.What can you say to that except” Have a nice day”66. Had it not been for cosmetic advances, as inferred from the passage, .A . people would not have been as happy as they are todayB. the rate of facial birth defect would not have declinedC . there would not have been many more open smilesD. we would not have seen smiling faces in public67. According to the passage, it seems that whether there is a smile or not in the portraits orpictures is decided by .A. one’s internal sense of the external worldB . one’s identity or social positionC . one’s times of existenceD . All of the above68. Trumble’s study on smiles shows that .A. an open smile can serve as a cover-upB . the famous portraits radiate varying smilesC. even the human muscles can arouse varying emotionsD. smiles can represent misinterpretations of different eras and cultures69. What Trumble expects to see is .A. the increasing tendency of broad grins and open smiles in publicB . further impact of Western medicine upon non-Western culturesC. a wider range of meanings to be conveyed by smilesD. more of sincerity and enthusiasm in public70 . At the end of the passage, the author implicates .C . future changes in life styleD . the future of smilesPassage ThreeAdolf Hitler survived an assassination attempt in 1944 with the lamp of penicillin made by the Allies, a microbiologist in the UK claims. If the Nazi leader had died from bacterial infection ofhis many wounds, the Second World War might have been over a year earlier, saving millions of lives, says Milton Wainwright of the University of Sheffield, a noted historian of microbiology.In a paper to be published soon in Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, Wainwright reveals first-hand evidence that Hitler was treated with penicillin by his personal doctor, Theo Morrell, following an assassination attempt in which a bomb in a suitcase exploded next to Hitler’s desk. Hitler was badly hurt, fleeing the scene with his hair and trousers on fire, a badly bleeding arm and countless wooden splinter wounds from the oak table that probably saved his life.Wainwright found confirmation that Morrell gave Hitler antibiotics as a precaution in a recent translation of Morrell’s own diary. “I happened to be reading it for interest when the word penicillin jumped out at me,” he says. He then set about trying to establish where Morrell might have got the drug.At the time, penicillin was available only to the Allies. German and Czechoslovakian teams had tried without much success to make it, Wainwright says, but the small quantities that weresays Wainwright. available were weak and impure. “It’s generally accepted that it was no good,”He reasons that Morrell would only have risked giving Hitler penicillin to prevent infectionsif he were confident that the antibiotic would cure, not kill the German premier. “My research shows that Morrell, in a very dodgy(危险的) position as Hitler’s doctor, would only have used pure stuff.” And the only reliable penicillin was that made by the Allies. So where did Morrell getitWainwright’s investigations revealed that Allied airmen carried penicillin, so the Germans may have confiscated some from prisoners of war. The other more likely source is from neutral countries such Spain, which received penicillin from Allied countries for humanitarian purposes, perhaps for treating sick children.have proof the Allies were sending it to these countries,” says Wainwright. “I’m saying “Ｉthis would have got through in diplomatic bags, reaching Hitler’s doctor and the higher echelons(阶层)of the Nazi party. So this was almost certainly pure, Allied penicillin.”“We can never be certain it saved Hitler’s life,” says Wainwright. But he notes that one of Hitler’s henchmen(死党)，Reinhard Heydrich, died from blood poisoning after surviving acar-bomb assassination attempt. “Hair from his seat went into his wounds and gave him septicemia,” says Wainwright. Morrell may have been anxious to ensure that Hitler avoided the same fate.71. According to Wainwright, Adolf Hitler .A. might have used biological weapons in the warB. could not have committed suicide as confirmedC. could have died of bacterial infectionD. might have survived a bacterial plague72. Following his assassination in 1944, Adolf Hitler .A. began to exercise precautions against his personal attacksB. was anxious to have penicillin developed in his countryC. received an jinjection of penicillin for blood poisoningD. was suspected of being likely to get infecteds personal doctor .73. As Wainwright reasons, H itler’A. cannot have dared to prescribe German-made penicillin to himB. need not have used pure antibiotic for his suspect infectionC. would have had every reason to assassinate himD. must have tried to produce penicillin74. Wainwright implies that the Third Reich .A. met the fate of collapse as expectedB. butchered millions of lives on the earthC. was severely struck by bacterial plaguesD. did have channels to obtain pure penicillin75.Which of the following can be the best title for the passageA.How Hitler Manage to Survive Assassination AttemptsB.Morrell Loyal to His German PrimierC.Hitler Saved by Allied DrugsD.Penicillin Abused in GermanPassage FourGet ready for a new kind of machine at your local gym: one that doesn’t involve huffing and puffing as you burn off calories. Instead, all you have to do is stand still for 30 seconds while the machine measures your body fat. It could then tell you exactly where you could do with losing afew pounds and even advise you on exercises for your problem areas. If the body fat scanner turns out to be accurate enough, its makers hope it could one day help doctors spot disease.The scanner works by simultaneously building up an accurate 3D image of the body, while measuring the body’s effect on an electromagnetic field. Combining the two measurements allows the researchers to work out the distribution of fat and water within. Neither method is new on itsown, says Henri Tapp, at the Institute of Food Research in Norwich in the UK. “The smart thing is that we’ve put them in one machine.”And it’s not just for gym users. The body fat scanner could be used to study fat deposition as children develop, while patients recover from injury, or during pregnancy. And since it uses radio waves rather than X-rays, Tapp’s device is safe to use repeatedly.Body shape is known to be a risk indicator for heart disease and diabetes. So accurately quantifying fat distribution could help doctors suggest preventive measures to patients before problems arise. At the moment, doctors estimate fat content from knowing body volume and water content. To a good approximation, says Tapp, anything that isn’t fat is water. The amount of water in the body is often measured by giving the subject a drink of water that contains a radioactive tracer. The level of tracer in the patient's urine after three hours reveals the total water volume.To find out a body’s volume, subjects are weighed while totally submerged in water, and thisis subtracted from their normal weight to give the weight of water displaced, and hence the subject’s volume. But it is scarcely practical for seriously ill people.There are other ways to directly measure body fat, such as passing a minuscule current between the wrists and feet. The overall fat content can then be estimated from the body’s resistance. But this method doesn’t take body shape into account ——so a subject with particularly skinny legs might register a higher fat content than the true value. That’s because skinny legs—with a lower cross-sectional area——will present higher resistance to current. So the machine thinks the water content of the body is lower——rating the subject as fatter. Also, the system can only give an overall measurement of fat.Tapp’s method uses similar calculations, but is more sophisticated because it tells you where you are piling on the pounds.76. The new machine is designed .A. to picture the body’s hidden fatB. to identify those at risk for obesityC. to help clinically treat specific casesD. to measure accurately risky obesity-related effects77. The beauty of the device, according to Tapp, is that .A. it performs a dual functionB. it is of great accuracy in measurementC. it has significant implications in clinical practiceD. it contributes to the evolution of human anatomy78.Which of the following, according to the passage, does the machine have the potential tospareA. A minuscule current.B. A radioactive tracer.C. A water tank.D. All of the above.79.In comparison with the techniques mentioned in the passage, the body fat scanner .A. quickens the pace of the patient’s rehabilitationB. is highly appreciated for its safetyC. features its measuring precisionD. is easy to operate in the clinic80.For scanning, all the subject has to do is .A. take up a form of workout in the gymB. turn round the body fat scannerC. lie on the electromagnetic fieldD. sand in the systemPassage FiveThere is currently abroad a new wave of appreciation for breadth of knowledge. Curricula at universalities and colleges and programs in federal agencies extol(赞扬) the virtues of a broad education. For scientists who work in specialized jobs, it is a pleasure to escape in our spare timeto read broadly in fields distant from our own. Some of us have made interdisciplinary study our occupation, which is no surprise, because much of the intellectual action in our society today liesat the interfaces between traditional disciplines. Environmental science is a good example, because it frequently requires us to be conversant in several different sciences and even some unscientific fields.Experiencing this breadth of knowledge is stimulating, but so is delving deeply into a subject. Both are wonderful experiences that are complementary practical and aesthetic(美学的)ways. They are like viewing the marvelous sculpture of knowledge in two different ways. Look at the sculpture from one perspective and you see the piece in its entirety, how its components connect to give it form, balance, and symmetry. From another viewpoint you see its detail, depth, and mass. There is no need to choose between these two perspectives in art. To do so would subtract fromthe totality of the figure.So it is with science. Sometimes we gaze through a subject and are reluctant to stop for too much detail. As chemists, we are fascinated by computer sciences or molecular genetics, but not enough to become an expert. Or we may be interested in an analytical technique but not enough to stay at its cutting edge. At other times, we become immersed in the detail of a subject and see its beauty in an entirely different way than when we browse. It is as if we penetrate the surface of the sculpture and pass through the crystal structure to the molecular level where the code for the entire structure is revealed.Unfortunately, in our zeal for breadth or depth, we often feel that it is necessary to diminishthe value of the other. Specialists are sometimes ridiculed with names such as “nerd”or “technocrats”, generalists are often criticized for being too “soft” or knowing too little about any one thing. Both are ludicrous(可笑的) accusations that deny a part of the reality of。
考博英语试题及答案
考博英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答1-5题。
In recent years, the number of people who commute to work by bicycle has increased significantly. This trend can be attributed to several factors, including concerns about environmental pollution, the rising cost of fuel, and the desire for a healthier lifestyle. As a result, many cities have invested in bicycle lanes and other infrastructure to support this mode of transportation.1. What is the main reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Environmental concernsB. High fuel costsC. Health benefitsD. All of the above2. What has been the response of cities to this trend?A. They have ignored it.B. They have invested in bicycle infrastructure.C. They have discouraged it.D. They have not taken any action.3. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a reason for the increase in bicycle commuting?A. Traffic congestionB. Environmental pollutionC. Rising cost of fuelD. Desire for a healthier lifestyle4. What does the passage suggest about the future of bicycle commuting?A. It will continue to increase.B. It will decrease.C. It will remain stable.D. It is uncertain.5. What type of infrastructure have cities invested in to support bicycle commuting?A. Public transportationB. Bicycle lanesC. Parking lotsD. Highways二、词汇与语法（共30分）Choose the correct word or phrase to fill in the blanks in the following sentences.6. The company has decided to ________ its operations to new markets.A. expandB. contractC. maintainD. abandon7. Despite the heavy rain, the marathon was still held as________.A. plannedB. planningC. to planD. was planning8. The new policy will come into ________ on January 1st.A. effectB. affectC. impactD. influence9. The professor's lecture was so ________ that I couldn't follow it.A. complicatedB. complexC. complicatedlyD. complexly10. She ________ the book to the library yesterday.A. returnedB. borrowedC. lentD. kept三、翻译（共20分）Translate the following sentence into English.11. 随着科技的发展，远程工作变得越来越普遍。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编4(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．She had a great______ for the toxin where she grew up.A．feelingB．tasteC．emotionD．affection正确答案：D解析：affection(for)n．爱，深挚的感情(注：如果前面有形容词修饰可加不定冠词：A feeling of affection grew up between them．He thanked her with genuine affection．He had a warm affection for his mother．)。
feeling n．感情(中性名词，常有形容词修饰才能说明具体的感情)。
taste(for)n．口味，鉴赏力(have a taste for sth．能欣赏……)。
emotion n．情感，情绪(没有have an emotion for sth．的句型)。
2．The company that Joan works for is ______ with an automotive company, so she can get a discount on a new car.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题) A．correlatedB．parallelC．affiliatedD．accounted正确答案：C解析：本题考查固定搭配。
A有相互关系的：B使与……平行；C附属的，有关联的；D解释，认为。
句意为：琼工作的公司隶属于一家汽车公司，所以她可以得到一辆新车。
此处“be affiliated with”为固定搭配，意思“隶属于……”，故此处答案为C。
3．The Supreme Court______the judgment of the lower court in that case last week. (2009年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．amplifiedB．affirmedC．ascendedD．applauded正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是；amplified放大：affirmed认可，批准(法律，判决)：ascended上升，攀登；applauded鼓掌，赞同。
博士考试试题及答案英语
博士考试试题及答案英语一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The correct spelling of the word "phenomenon" is:A. fenomenonB. phenomonC. phenominonD. phenomenon答案：D2. Which of the following is not a verb?A. to runB. to jumpC. to flyD. flight答案：D3. The phrase "break the ice" means:A. to start a conversationB. to stop a conversationC. to make a decisionD. to end a conversation答案：A4. The opposite of "positive" is:A. negativeB. optimisticC. pessimisticD. positive答案：A5. Which of the following is not a preposition?A. inB. onC. atD. is答案：D6. The word "perspective" can be used to describe:A. a point of viewB. a physical locationC. a mathematical calculationD. a scientific experiment答案：A7. The phrase "a piece of cake" is used to describe something that is:A. difficultB. boringC. easyD. expensive答案：C8. The verb "to accommodate" means:A. to refuseB. to ignoreC. to provide space or servicesD. to argue答案：C9. The word "meticulous" is an adjective that describes someone who is:A. lazyB. carelessC. very careful and preciseD. confused答案：C10. The phrase "to go viral" refers to:A. to become sickB. to spread quickly on the internetC. to travel by planeD. to become extinct答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The word "____" means a sudden loud noise.答案：bang2. "____" is the term used to describe a person who is very knowledgeable.答案：savant3. The phrase "to turn a blind eye" means to ____.答案：ignore4. The word "____" is used to describe a situation that is very difficult to understand.答案：enigmatic5. "____" is a term used to describe a person who is very good at remembering things.答案：eidetic6. The word "____" is used to describe a person who is very talkative.答案：loquacious7. The phrase "to ____" means to make something more complex. 答案：complicate8. The word "____" is used to describe a person who is very organized and efficient.答案：methodical9. The phrase "to ____" means to make a plan or to decide ona course of action.答案：strategize10. The word "____" is used to describe a person who is verycurious and eager to learn.答案：inquisitive三、阅读理解（每题4分，共20分）阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编9(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编9(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．The managing director took the ______ for the accident, although it was not really his fault.A．guiltB．blameC．chargeD．accusation正确答案：B解析：blame n.(过错，事故的)责任；责怪，责备。
guilt n．罪，罪责。
charge n.作“罪名，指控”解时不与take搭配；take charge of sth．表示“对……负责，接管”的意思。
accusation n．指责，控告(不能说take accusation for sth．)。
2．The local authorities seemed to ______ for the accident taking place last week. (2002年上海交通大学考博试题)A．shareB．takeC．criticizeD．blame正确答案：D解析：本题空格处是说，应对发生的事故受到谴责。
be to blame的意思是“应受谴责”；share的意思是“分享”；take for的意思是“以为”：criticize的意思是“批评”。
四个选项中只有D项符合题意。
3．When Tom was doing his French translation, he left ______ for all the words he did not know.A．vacanciesB．bracketsC．spacesD．blanks正确答案：D解析：blank n.空白，空白处。
vacancy n.空缺(职位)：(暂无人住的)空房；没有表情。
bracket n．括号；等级段，档次。
考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编5(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Under ethical guideline recently adopted by the National Institutes of Health, human genes are to be manipulated only to correct disease for which ______ treatments are unsatisfactory.(2014年北京航空航天大学考博试题)A．similarB．dangerousC．uncommonD．alternative正确答案：D解析：本题考查形容词辨析。
A相似的；B危险的；C不寻常的，罕有的；D供选择的。
选择性的，交替的。
句意为：根据国家健康研究机构最近通过的伦理学的指导方针，人类的基因只有在(其他的)治疗方案不能满意的情况下才可以改变。
D为正确选项。
2．The project is not______a failure. It is a success in some respect.A．altogetherB．likelyC．possiblyD．inevitably正确答案：A解析：not altogether并非完全(如：It’s not altogether impossible．She wasn’t altogether pleased with her choice．I don’t altogether agree with him．)。
likely ad.很可能；a.可能的，有希望的(句型：sb．is likely to+动词原形；it is likely that sb．will do sth．；a likely place；不能说likely a place)。
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编39(题后含答案及解析)
英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编39(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. 词语翻译词语翻译英译汉1．Abusive translation正确答案：滥译2．Adjustment正确答案：顺应3．Analysis正确答案：分析4．Autotranslation正确答案：自译5．Blank verse translation正确答案：无韵体翻译6．Class shift正确答案：词类转换7．Coherence正确答案：连贯性8．Contextual consistency正确答案：语境一致9．Translation as decision-making正确答案：翻译即决策10．Disambiguation正确答案：歧义消除汉译英11．自动翻译正确答案：automatic translation12．中枢语言正确答案：pivot language13．连贯正确答案：coherence14．子语言正确答案：sub-language15．可修正性正确答案：revisability16．形式对应正确答案：formal correspondence17．地道翻译正确答案：idiomatic translation; native translation 18．规范正确答案：norm; criterion19．语料库正确答案：corpus (pl. corpora)20．异国情调正确答案：exoticism21．重写正确答案：rewrite22．法庭传译正确答案：court interpretation; court interpreting23．巴别塔正确答案：Babel24．内罗毕宣言正确答案：Nairobi Declaration25．释译正确答案：explanatory translation; interpretative translation。
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考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编39
(总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、Structure and Vocabu(总题数：25，分数：50.00)
1.As its______grew, funds began to accumulate and the union got more and more powerful.（分数：
2.00）
A.recruit
B.size
C.membership
D.expansion
2.Little boys seem to enjoy______ train sets more than little girls.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.capture
B.departure
C.fixture
D.miniature
3.Concerned people want to______ the risk of developing cancer.(2002年春季上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.take
B.decrease
C.minimize
D.claimed
4.This price is his ______;he refuses to lower it any further.（分数：2.00）
A.minimum
st
C.maximum
D.final
5.Why do you look so ______? You never smile or look cheerful.（分数：2.00）
A.miserable
B.unfortunate
C.sorry
D.rude
6.John complained to the bookseller that there were some pages ______ in the dictionary.（分数：2.00）
A.losing
B.missing
C.dropping
D.falling
7.The blunder of Argentina's goalie cost them the game in the match against Brazil.(2003年中国社会科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.triumph
B.beat
C.mistake
D.straggle
8.Americans are highly______, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others.(2003年上海交通大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.moving
B.mobile
D.motional
9.The whole program is well designed, but some details need further ______ by some experts.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.proofing
B.modifying
C.demonstrating
D.polishing
10.A scientific law is liable at anytime to need______, that is an eternal truth. (2004年西南财经大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.modifying
B.changing
C.revising
D.adjusting
11.The integration of staff for training has led to a good exchange of ideas, greater enthusiasm, and higher staff______.(2003年中国科学院考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.moral
B.mortal
C.morale
D.mores
12.He was ______ only by his wish to help me, and expected nothing in return.（分数：2.00）
A.activated
B.encouraged
C.inspired
D.motivated
13.When there is more food, animals generally______ faster; their number increases quickly.（分数：2.00）
A.grow
B.expand
C.multiply
D.produce
14.In Germany, the industrial giants Daimler Chrysler and Siemens recently ______ their unions into signing contracts that lengthen word hours without increasing pay.(2006年北京大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.muscled
B.moved
C.mushed
D.muted
15.Bob fails to attend the evening school. He______ sick, because he never asks for leave.(2014年厦门大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.may be
B.can be
C.must be
D.is
16.There is something ______ about her early childhood; nobody knows anything about it.（分数：
2.00）
A.difficult
B.mysterious
C.vague
17.An air of______ surrounded the events leading up to his resignation.（分数：2.00）
A.myth
B.depression
C.pessimism
D.mystery
18.These plastic flowers look so ______that many people think they are real.（分数：2.00）
A.beautiful
B.natural
parable
D.similar
19.In ancient times, some catastrophic extinction of species occurred______.(2004年武汉大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.sequentially
B.repeatedly
C.naturally
D.intentionally
20.You can't learn anything with a(n) ______attitude.（分数：2.00）
A.negative
B.practical
C.realistic
D.inconsistent
21.Any student who ______ his homework is unlikely to pass his examination.（分数：2.00）
A.denies
B.refuses
C.neglects
D.reduces
22.The damage of his car was______; therefore, he could repair it himself.(2013年北京航空大学考博试题)（分数：2.00）
A.appreciable
B.negligible
C.considerable
D.invisible
23.This is a nasty comer for a large car to______.（分数：2.00）
A.negotiate
B.drive
C.proceed
D.match
24.Henry forgot to bring his admission card with him.______, he was allowed into the hall to take the examination.（分数：2.00）
A.Moreover
B.Certainly
C.Nevertheless
D.Consequently
25.Travelling on those bad mountain roads was a(n)______.（分数：2.00）
A.nightmare
B.adventure
C.delight
D.dream。