施心远主编听力教程3(第2版)Unit6答案
听力教程第三册答案UNIT6(供参考)
UNIT 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationWind and SpiritWe do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.Scientists have tried (6) without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions.Everyone agrees, however, that (8) dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) negative effects.On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. lt is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 spirit the winds. We do notidentify wind with spirit anymore.Part 2 Listening for GistA cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange "miaow" when the plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into the air-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company £10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10.000."Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueWhat a Coincidence!Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me and Jeannie last holiday?Friend(s):No.Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, wewere driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ... see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried.Friend(s): Were you insured?Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, "There's nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it." Well, naturally, we were worried, but ... er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey.Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about forty kilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach.Friend(s): You're joking!Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the advice about our car were stuck with their car.Friend(s): Oh, no!Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn't working! It was quite extraordinary .ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)l.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.FPart 2 PassageCorporate Culture1.How well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference betweenjob-search success and failure.2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses, and fringe benefits? These factors are indeed important, butincreasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as "how things are done around here". It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration(室内装饰) of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. Forinstance:•The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.•The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or something in-between.•The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.•The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.•The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and tokeep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers.•Onsite perks, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms, daycare facilities, and more.perk=perquisite n. 特殊待遇，特权；工资外收入•The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend withco-workers.• Interaction with other employees, including managers and topmanagement.How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask somequestions to try and geta handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:•What's it really like to work here?•What skills and characteristics does the company value?•How do people get promoted around here?•The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy ,successful and productive, you’ll want to be in a place where you fit the culture ,a place where you can have avoice ,be respect and have opportunity for growth .Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionMany articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as "Corporate Culture". The dictionary defines culture as "the act of developing intellectual and moral faculties, especially through education". Some people define it as "the moral, social, and behavioral norms of an organization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members".Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three timesExercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphsAt its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can also be expressedin the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work,by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours,the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training andskills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside theoffice you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until youhave worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. / Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research beforethe interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How do people get promoted around here?2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item 1On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions.His first meeting was with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at his official residence.At a joint news conference, Mr. Brown praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.Because of this, Mr. Brown said Britain is pledging $18 million worth of additional humanitarian aid in the form of food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.In addition to the aid, the prime minister said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues. Mr. Brown said helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.Mr. Zardari said the fight against extremists in particular is a struggle thatwill not be solved overnight.Islamabad says 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas. A．anti-Taliban campaign that British and Pakistani leaders discussed B． 1. He stopped in London for two days of discussions.2. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown3. He praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.4. It included food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.5. He said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.6. Helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.7. 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.News Item 2Israel-PalestinePalestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz* was among those detained.The Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement claimed responsibility for the killings. Mr Arafat says he has formeda committee to investigate the attack on the kibbutz.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.Israeli officials say the gunman came from Tulkarem but that he was following orders of AIAqsa leaders in Nablus. By midday Tuesday Palestinian witnesses were reporting that Israeli troops were gathering outside the West Bank town.Israeli authorities say Palestinian militants from Fatah and Hamas in Nablus are behind a series of attacks against Israelis over the past few months.The latest violence comes as US envoy* David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about Israel's response to Palestinian gunman's attack on the kibbutz.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutzwas among those detained.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.The latest violence comes as US envoy David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.News Item 3Officials say there are no easy, quick or purely military solutions to the Somali piracy problem. But the top U.S. military officer, Admiral Mike Mullen, told ABC's Good Morning America television program Tuesday the taking and rescue of the American cargo ship captain led him to order a new effort to find ways to effectively deal with the pirates. Admiral Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert Gates say there is no purely military solution to the Somali piracy problem. Piracy continues to rise, even as navy ships from 16 nations patrol the area. And Gates said Monday that the problem is "probably going to get worse" until the international community can, in his words, "get something on land that begins to change the equation" for the "incredible number of poor people" in Somalia, some of whom turn to piracy.Efforts by some ship owners to secure their ships have had some success. They have installed barbed wire, removed ladders and changed their routes, among other steps. But there has been resistance to proposals to put armed guards on commercial ships. Corporations have paid tens of millions of dollars for the safe return of ships and theircrews in the area in recent years. Last year, there were 111 piracy incidents in the region, triple the number the previous year. And this year, there have already been nearly 70 incidents.A. the US looking for new approaches to Somali piracyB.F, T ,F ,T ,FSection FourSupplementary ExercisePart1 Feature ReportIranian government TV says that the country's new nuclear energy chief, Ali Akbar Salehi is urging the West to end hostilities with Tehran and to start building trust."Legal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finished," he insists, "and there is no room left to keep this case open.""We hope," he added, "that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility."They were Salehi's first comments to the media, since being appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Friday, following the resignation of veteran nuclear negotiator Gholam Reza Aghazadeh.The soft-spoken Salehi was educated at the American University of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Salehi is Iran's former envoy to the International Atomic Energy Agency and signed a protocol allowing for freer inspections of Iran's nuclear sites. His appointment appears to be something of a gesture to the U.S.Neither the U.S., nor the other members of the so-called Group of five-plus-one, including the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany, however, are likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran's nuclear file.U.S. President Barack Obama warned Tehran, during the G-8 summit in Italy, that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program.Iran has persistently refused to stop enriching uranium, and the West fears that it will use highly enriched uranium to build atomic weapons.The Iranian government, however, continues to insist that its nuclear program is intended for peaceful, civilian purposes, alone.Iran analyst Meir Javedanfar of the MEEPAS (Middle East Economic and Political Analysis) center in Tel Aviv argues that Tehran is hardening its position over its nuclear dossier, in response to Western criticism over its violent crackdown against its own people following the June 12 presidential elections."I think Ayatollah Khamenei is sending the message that the more we are pushed on other fronts, the more we're going to adjust the balance in our favor, and one area is the nuclear program, because Khamenei knows how important the nuclear program is to the West, especially to President Obama," he said."So, I think this is kind of a backlash against what Iran sees as Western interference in its own affairs. I also think that the Iranian government still sees the West as divided and there's not much the West can do at the moment to stop Iran's nuclear program, so they're toughening their policy and they want to see what the reaction will be, if the reaction is going to be hard or if the West is going to come up with an even [better] offer," he added.Javedanfar, however, believes that those who are seeking a compromise with Iran should not despair completely, because Iranian leaders are pragmatists, and may at the end of the day be ready for an agreement.Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, concerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talks.Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has also warned the West that Tehran would weigh their criticism over its crackdown on protesters following the June 12 election, in assessing future relations with their countries. A．This news report is about Salehi’s and the Iranian government’s attitude towards nuclear case.B: Directions: Listen to the program again and complete the following sentences.Iranian Nuclear energy ChiefName: Ali Akbar SalehiEducation:Salehi was educated at the American university of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Previous positionSalehi is Iran’s former envoy to the international Atomic Energy Agency.His comments on Iranian nuclear programLegal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finishe d. And there is no room left to keep this case open.We hope that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutu al confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility.1. The so-called Group of five-plus-one are not likely to agree with Sa lehi about the closure of Tehran’s nuclear file.2. U.S. president Barak Obama warned Tehran that the world is givi ng it untilSeptember to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nucl ear program during the G-8 summit in Italy.3. Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago th at Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, co ncerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talksPart 2 PassageGlobalization1)The World Trade Organization is among the most powerful, and one of themost secretive international bodies on earth.2)Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend.3)Used properly, fire can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heatour homes. Used carelessly, it can destroy lives, towns and forests in aninstant.4)Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bringtremendous opportunities and benefits.5)They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead,they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Globalization is the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational* corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments.The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth. It is rapidly assuming the role of global government, as 134 nation-states, including the US, have ceded* to its vast authority and powers. The WTO represents the rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization. The central operating principle of the WTO is that commercial interests should supersede* all others. Any obstacles in the pathof operations and expansion of global business enterprise must be subordinated. In practice these "obstacles" are usually policies or democratic processes that act on behalf of working people, labor rights, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, social justice, local culture, and national sovereignty.Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. Today it is an overarching international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country, and we need to understand it as such.As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs, our job is to pick up "globalization", examine it from all sides, dissect* it, figure out what makes it tick, and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate* or slow down the bad parts. Globalization is much like fire.Fire itself is neither good nor bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. As Friedman* says:"Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive*. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows* stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing* cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a network ofgoverning systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.Antitrust laws, the Securities and Exchange Commission, labor unions, charities, the Federal Trade Commission, and countless other agencies and organizations keep American capitalism in check. Similar transparent mechanisms are needed to make sure globalization is a positive force in the world.Globalization will always have cheerleaders who are blind to the destruction globalization can cause. And it will always have strident* opponents blind to the way globalization gives some people their first opportunity to fulfill basic aspirations.As with most issues, the majority of people will be in the middle. They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Milton Friedman says, "Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)-unit-2答案.doc
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions, that (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being(19) filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airships superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are youthinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. Itcosts £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-yearguarantee.B: And the Fiat next to theVolkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs£13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ Story1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrightsconstructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team BorussiaDortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Gulf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball TournamentThe widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. while Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew apredetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxidriver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century, the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will heareach sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's fordinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends duringthe day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-likecontraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on theoutskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barrossays that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer'stakeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off onits own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit(00002)
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-2答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7)missions.My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions. That (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being (19)filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20)edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airship s superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero- plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are you thinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. It costs £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-year guarantee.B: And the Fiat next to the Volkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs £13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights ’ StoryOn the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10 a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale （逆风） the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length ，and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second (转瞬间，顷刻) too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight. T £13,040 36m/g80m/hC £12,070 45m/g69m/hF£13,550VW £13,630 34m/g 90m/h M £12,830 38m/g V £15,850As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrights constructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials. Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team Borussia Dortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Golf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous,fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday. Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball Tournament The widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. While Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visitfriends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicitan avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flewa predetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to(开始考虑做) his maidenflight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times,including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* an avalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxi driver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century,the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .1901,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's for dinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends during the day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff. (Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barros says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wright brothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2)-unit-2答案.doc
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions, that (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being(19) filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airships superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are youthinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. Itcosts £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-yearguarantee.B: And the Fiat next to theVolkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs£13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ Story1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrightsconstructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team BorussiaDortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Gulf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball TournamentThe widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. while Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew apredetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxidriver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century, the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will heareach sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's fordinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends duringthe day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-likecontraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on theoutskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barrossays that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer'stakeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off onits own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)Unit_6答案
UNIT 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationWind and SpiritWe do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.Scientists have tried (6)without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions. Everyone agrees, however, that (8)dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) well-being.On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. It is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 blown on the winds. We do notidentify wind with spirit anymore.Part 2 Listening for GistA cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange "miaow" when the plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into the air-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company £10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10.000."Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueWhat a Coincidence!Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me andJeannie last holiday?Friend(s): No.Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, we were driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ... see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried.Friend(s): Were you insured?Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, "There's nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it." Well, naturally, we were worried, but ... er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey. Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about forty kilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach.Friend(s): You're joking!Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the adviceabout our car were stuck with their car.Friend(s): Oh, no!Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn't working! It was quite extraordinary.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)l. T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.FPart 2 PassageCorporate Culture1.How well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference betweenjob-search success and failure.2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses, and fringe benefits（附加福利）? These factors are indeed important, but increasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as "how things are done around here". It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term（广义的术语）used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics（企业伦理，公司道德）, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement（宗旨）and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. For instance: •The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.•The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or somethingin-between.•The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.•The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.•The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and to keep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers.•Onsite perks（特别的待遇）, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms, daycare facilities, and more.•The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers.•Interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:•What's it really like to work here?•What skills and characteristics does the company value?•How do people get promoted around here?•The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy, successful and productive, you’ll want to bein a place where you fit the culture, a place where you can have a voice, berespected and have opportunity for growth.A：Pre-listening QuestionMany articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as "Corporate Culture". The dictionary defines culture as "the act of developing intellectual and moral faculties, especially through education". Some people define it as "the moral, social, and behavioral norms of an organization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members".Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.B：Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three timesC：Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphs At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guides how employees think, act,and feel. Corporate culture is abroad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior.Corporate culture can also be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours, the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training and skills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.D：After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as: What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How dopeople get promoted around here?2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item 1On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions.His first meeting was with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at his official residence.At a joint news conference, Mr. Brown praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.Because of this, Mr. Brown said Britain is pledging $18 million worth of additional humanitarian aid in the form of food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.In addition to the aid, the Prime Minister said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.Mr. Brown said helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.Mr. Zardari said the fight against extremists in particular is a struggle that will not be solved overnight.Islamabad says 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary .This news item is about an anti-Taliban campaign that British and Pakistani leaders discussed.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions.1. He stopped in London for two days of discussions.2. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown.3. He praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in Swat valley.4. It included food, water, shelter and sanitation that will be directed at those being displaced in the northwest.5. He said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.6. Helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.7. 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.News Item 2Israel-PalestinePalestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz* was among those detained.The Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement claimed responsibility for the killings. Mr Arafat says he has formed a committee to investigate the attack on the kibbutz.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.Israeli officials say the gunman came from Tulkarem but that he was following orders of AIAqsa leaders in Nablus. By midday Tuesday Palestinian witnesses were reporting that Israeli troops were gathering outside the West Bank town.Israeli authorities say Palestinian militants from Fatah and Hamas in Nablus are behind a series of attacks against Israelis over the past few months.The latest violence comes as US envoy* David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.A: Directions: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about a recent conflict between Palestine and Israel.B: Directions: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz was amongthose detained.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.The latest violence comes as US envoy David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.News Item 3Officials say there are no easy, quick or purely military solutions to the Somali piracy problem. But the top U.S. military officer, Admiral Mike Mullen, told ABC's Good Morning America television program Tuesday the taking and rescue of the American cargo ship captain led him to order a new effort to find ways to effectively deal with the pirates.Admiral Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert Gates say there is no purely military solution to the Somali piracy problem. Piracy continues to rise, even as navy ships from 16 nations patrol the area. And Gates said Monday that the problem is "probably going to get worse" until the international community can, in his words, "get something on land that begins to change the equation" for the "incredible number of poor people" in Somalia, some of whom turn to piracy.Efforts by some ship owners to secure their ships have had some success. They have installed barbed wire, removed ladders and changed their routes, among othersteps. But there has been resistance to proposals to put armed guards on commercial ships.Corporations have paid tens of millions of dollars for the safe return of ships and their crews in the area in recent years. Last year, there were 111 piracy incidents in the region, triple the number the previous year. And this year, there have already been nearly 70 incidents.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the US looking for new approaches to Somali piracy.Exercise BDirections: Listen'to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F6. F7. T8. TSection FourSupplementary ExercisePart1 Feature ReportNew Iranian nuclear head urges mutual trust with westIranian government TV says that the country's new nuclear energy chief, Ali Akbar Salehi is urging the West to end hostilities with Tehran and to start buildingtrust."Legal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finished," he insists, "and there is no room left to keep this case open.""We hope," he added, "that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility."They were Salehi's first comments to the media, since being appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Friday, following the resignation of veteran nuclear negotiator Gholam Reza Aghazadeh.The soft-spoken Salehi was educated at the American University of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Salehi is Iran's former envoy to the International Atomic Energy Agency and signed a protocol allowing for freer inspections of Iran's nuclear sites. His appointment appears to be something of a gesture to the U.S.Neither the U.S., nor the other members of the so-called Group of five-plus-one, including the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany, however, is likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran's nuclear file.U.S. President Barack Obama warned Tehran, during the G-8 summit in Italy, that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program.Iran has persistently refused to stop enriching uranium, and the West fears that it will use highly enriched uranium to build atomic weapons.The Iranian government, however, continues to insist that its nuclear program is intended for peaceful, civilian purposes, alone.Iran analyst Meir Javedanfar of the MEEPAS (Middle East Economic and Political Analysis) center in Tel Aviv argues that Tehran is hardening its position over its nuclear dossier, in response to Western criticism over its violent crackdown against its own people following the June 12 presidential elections.Javedanfar, however, believes that those who are seeking a compromise with Iran should not despair completely, because Iranian leaders are pragmatists, and may at the end of the day be ready for an agreement.Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, concerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talks.Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has also warned the West that Tehran would weigh their criticism over its crackdown on protesters following the June 12 election, in assessing future relations with their countries.A: Directions: Listen to the radio program and complete the summary.This news report is about Salehi’s and the Iranian government’s attitude towards nuclear case.B: Directions: Listen to the program again and complete the following sentences.Iranian Nuclear energy Chief1.The so-called Group of five-plus-one are not likely to agree with Salehi about theclosure of Tehran’s nuclear file.2.U.S. president Barak Obama warned Tehran that the world is giving it untilSeptember to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program during the G-8 summit in Italy.3.Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran waspreparing to present a "new package" of proposals, concerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talks.Part 2 PassageGlobalization1)The World Trade Organization is among the most powerful, and one of the mostsecretive international bodies on earth.2)Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend.3)Used properly, fire can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat ourhomes. Used carelessly, it can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant.4)Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendousopportunities and benefits.5)They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, theywill see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Globalization is the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational* corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments.The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth. It is rapidly assuming the role of global government, as 134 nation-states, including the US, have ceded* to its vast authority and powers. The WTO represents the rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization. The central operating principle of the WTO is that commercial interests should supersede* all others. Any obstacles in the path of operations and expansion of global business enterprise must be subordinated. In practice these "obstacles" are usually policies or democratic processes that act on behalf of working people, labor rights, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, social justice, local culture, and national sovereignty.Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. Today it isan overarching international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country, and we need to understand it as such.As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs, our job is to pick up "globalization", examine it from all sides, dissect* it, figure out what makes it tick, and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate* or slow down the bad parts. Globalization is much like fire.Fire itself is neither good nor bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. As Friedman* says:"Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive*. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows* stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing* cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.Antitrust laws, the Securities and Exchange Commission, labor unions, charities, the Federal Trade Commission, and countless other agencies and organizations keep American capitalism in check. Similar transparent mechanisms are needed to make sure globalization is a positive force in the world.Globalization will always have cheerleaders who are blind to the destruction globalization can cause. And it will always have strident* opponents blind to the way globalization gives some people their first opportunity to fulfill basic aspirations.As with most issues, the majority of people will be in the middle. They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Milton Friedman says, "Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."。
施心远主编《听力教程》3-(第2版)Unit-8答案
施心远主编?听力教程?3-(第2版)Unit-8答案LtDUNIT 8Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationCorporate Social Responsibility〔企业的社会责任〕Once upon a time, all- or almost all- businesses were (1) greedy and rapacious, sparing a thought for their (2)workers or the environment only in order to (3)work out how to exploit them. Then bosses found their (4) consciences, guided (or sometimes forced) by (5) customers or critics from the (6) non-profit world. They discovered the idea that companies should not exist only to make a profit but to (7) serve society. Thus corporate social responsibility (CSR) got its (8) start as a business fashion, and it is now hard to find a firm that has not (9) come up with an earnest (10) statement about its relations with the wider world.CSR is closely linked with the principles of (11) Sustainable Development in proposing that enterprises should (12) be obliged to make decisions based not only on the financial factors but also on the social and environmental (13) consequences of their activities. Issues like environmental damage, improper treatment of workers and (14) faulty production leading to customers inconvenience or danger, (15) are highlighted in the media.Some investors and investment fund managers have begun to 〔16〕take account of a corporation’s policy in making 〔17〕investment decisions. Some consumers have become increasingly sensitive to the CSR performance of thecompanies〔18〕from which they buy their goods and services. These trends 〔19〕have contributed to the pressure on companies to〔20〕operate in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable way.Part 2 Listening for GistSmall retailers across the United States are facing the same challenge: competition from shopping malls〔大型购物中心〕and chain stores〔连锁店〕. But, in downtown Dickson, Tennessee, a group of retail merchants〔零售商〕have band ed together〔紧密团结起来〕to win back〔赢回〕their customers who have been attracted to shopping areas 〔商业圈〕in the neighboring big city.Dickson is a typical small American city. It has quiet residential areas〔居民区〕and a nice little downtown that was once a thriving retail center. But according to David Hamilton, president of Dickson's Chamber of Commerce 〔商会〕, highway construction over the past several years changed that. Being just 65 kilometers away from a big city like Nashville, Mr Hamilton says, presents another challenge to Dickson's downtown shopping area. "Because we're so close to Nashville, and because so many people work in Nashville, when they think about shopping, they think of going to Nashville malls."But small business owners in downtown Dickson didn't give up. Instead, they decided to fight back. More than 40 of them founded the Retail Merchants Association of Downtown Dickson. Members of the new association are committed to success; they pay monthly dues〔月缴会费〕and meet periodically to suggest and discuss creative ways of attracting more shoppers todowntown. Mr. Williams says one idea is creating events modeled on the annual Christmas parade through the downtown area that attracts a large number of city residents. Free refreshments 〔茶点，小吃〕and giveaways 〔免费样品〕will be part of these regular events. Mr. Williams says the group is also planning to beautify the downtown area with plants and paint.Though it might seem hard to compete with big chain stores, small retailers have an advantage. They have a personal approach in serving customers. Chamber of Commerce president David Hamilton agrees. He says retailers in his city serve customers well, and customers in return, should support them by shopping in their stores.The downtown area is the heart of a city. And members of Dickson's new Retail Merchants Association are determined to work together to keep the heart beating - to revitalize〔使。
听力教程第三册答案UNIT6
UNIT 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationWind and SpiritWe do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.Scientists have tried (6) without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions.Everyone agrees, however, that (8) dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) negative effects.On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. lt is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 spirit the winds. We do not identify wind with spirit anymore.Part 2 Listening for GistA cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange "miaow" when the plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into the air-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company £10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10.000."Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueWhat a Coincidence!Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me and Jeannie last holiday?Friend(s):No.Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, we were driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ... see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried.Friend(s): Were you insured?Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, "There's nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it." Well, naturally, we were worried, but ... er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey.Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about fortykilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach.Friend(s): You're joking!Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the advice about our car were stuck with their car.Friend(s): Oh, no!Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn't working! It was quite extraordinary .ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)l.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.FPart 2 PassageCorporate Culture1.How well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference betweenjob-search success and failure.2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses, and fringe benefits? These factors are indeed important, but increasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as "how things are done around here". It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration(室内装饰) of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. For instance:•The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.•The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or something in-between.•The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.•The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.•The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and tokeep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers.•Onsite perks, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms, daycare facilities, and more.perk=perquisite n. 特殊待遇，特权；工资外收入•The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spendwith co-workers.• Interaction with other employees, including managers and topmanagement.How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask somequestions to try and geta handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:•What's it really like to work here?•What skills and characteristics does the company value?•How do people get promoted around here?•The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy ,successful and productive, you’ll want to be in a place where you fit the culture ,a place where you can have avoice ,be respect and have opportunity for growth .Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionMany articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as "Corporate Culture". The dictionary defines culture as "the act of developing intellectual and moral faculties, especially through education". Some people define it as "the moral, social, and behavioral norms of an organization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members".Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three timesExercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphs At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs,corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can also be expressedin the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work,by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours,the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training andskills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside theoffice you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until youhave worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. / Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research beforethe interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How do people get promoted around here?2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item 1On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions.His first meeting was with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at his official residence.At a joint news conference, Mr. Brown praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.Because of this, Mr. Brown said Britain is pledging $18 million worth of additional humanitarian aid in the form of food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.In addition to the aid, the prime minister said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues. Mr. Brown said helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.Mr. Zardari said the fight against extremists in particular is a struggle that will not be solved overnight.Islamabad says 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas. A．anti-Taliban campaign that British and Pakistani leaders discussed B． 1. He stopped in London for two days of discussions.2. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown3. He praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.4. It included food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.5. He said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.6. Helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.7. 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.News Item 2Israel-PalestinePalestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz*was among those detained.The Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement claimed responsibility for the killings. Mr Arafat says he has formed a committee to investigate the attack on the kibbutz.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.Israeli officials say the gunman came from Tulkarem but that he was following orders of AIAqsa leaders in Nablus. By midday Tuesday Palestinian witnesses were reporting that Israeli troops were gathering outside the West Bank town.Israeli authorities say Palestinian militants from Fatah and Hamas in Nablus are behind a series of attacks against Israelis over the past few months.The latest violence comes as US envoy* David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about Israel's response to Palestinian gunman's attack on the kibbutz.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz was among those detained.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.The latest violence comes as US envoy David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.News Item 3Officials say there are no easy, quick or purely military solutions to the Somali piracy problem. But the top U.S. military officer, Admiral Mike Mullen, told ABC's Good Morning America television program Tuesday the taking and rescue of the American cargo ship captain led him to order a new effort to find ways to effectively deal with the pirates. Admiral Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert Gates say there is no purely military solution to the Somali piracy problem. Piracy continues to rise, even as navy ships from 16 nations patrol the area. And Gates said Monday that the problem is "probably going to get worse" until the international community can, in his words, "get something on land thatbegins to change the equation" for the "incredible number of poor people" in Somalia, some of whom turn to piracy.Efforts by some ship owners to secure their ships have had some success. They have installed barbed wire, removed ladders and changed their routes, among other steps. But there has been resistance to proposals to put armed guards on commercial ships. Corporations have paid tens of millions of dollars for the safe return of ships and their crews in the area in recent years. Last year, there were 111 piracy incidents in the region, triple the number the previous year. And this year, there have already been nearly 70 incidents.A. the US looking for new approaches to Somali piracyB.F, T ,F ,T ,FSection FourSupplementary ExercisePart1 Feature ReportIranian government TV says that the country's new nuclear energy chief, Ali Akbar Salehi is urging the West to end hostilities with Tehran and to start building trust."Legal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finished," he insists, "and there is no room left to keep this case open.""We hope," he added, "that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility."They were Salehi's first comments to the media, since being appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Friday, following the resignation of veteran nuclear negotiator Gholam Reza Aghazadeh.The soft-spoken Salehi was educated at the American University of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Salehi is Iran's former envoy to the International Atomic Energy Agency and signed aprotocol allowing for freer inspections of Iran's nuclear sites. His appointment appears to be something of a gesture to the U.S.Neither the U.S., nor the other members of the so-called Group of five-plus-one, including the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany, however, are likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran's nuclear file.U.S. President Barack Obama warned Tehran, during the G-8 summit in Italy, that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program.Iran has persistently refused to stop enriching uranium, and the West fears that it will use highly enriched uranium to build atomic weapons.The Iranian government, however, continues to insist that its nuclear program is intended for peaceful, civilian purposes, alone.Iran analyst Meir Javedanfar of the MEEPAS (Middle East Economic and Political Analysis) center in Tel Aviv argues that Tehran is hardening its position over its nuclear dossier, in response to Western criticism over its violent crackdown against its own people following the June 12 presidential elections."I think Ayatollah Khamenei is sending the message that the more we are pushed on other fronts, the more we're going to adjust the balance in our favor, and one area is the nuclear program, because Khamenei knows how important the nuclear program is to the West, especially to President Obama," he said."So, I think this is kind of a backlash against what Iran sees as Western interference in its own affairs. I also think that the Iranian government still sees the West as divided and there's not much the West can do at the moment to stop Iran's nuclear program, so they're toughening their policy and they want to see what the reaction will be, if the reaction is going to be hard or if the West is going to come up with an even [better] offer," he added.Javedanfar, however, believes that those who are seeking a compromise with Iran should not despair completely, because Iranian leaders are pragmatists, and may at the end of the day be ready for an agreement.Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, concerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talks.Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has also warned the West that Tehran would weigh their criticism over its crackdown on protesters following the June 12 election, in assessing future relations with their countries. A．This news report is about Salehi’s and the Iranian government’s attitude towards nuclear case.B: Directions: Listen to the program again and complete the followin g sentences.Iranian Nuclear energy ChiefName: Ali Akbar SalehiEducation:Salehi was educated at the American university of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Previous positionSalehi is Iran’s former envoy to the international Atomic Energy Agency.His comments on Iranian nuclear programLegal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finishe d. And there is no room left to keep this case open.We hope that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutu al confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility.1. The so-called Group of five-plus-one are not likely to agree with Sa lehi about the closure of Tehran’s nuclear file.2. U.S. president Barak Obama warned Tehran that the world is givi ng it untilSeptember to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nucl ear program during the G-8 summit in Italy.3. Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago th at Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, co ncerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talksPart 2 PassageGlobalization1)The World Trade Organization is among the most powerful, and one of themost secretive international bodies on earth.2)Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend.3)Used properly, fire can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heatour homes. Used carelessly, it can destroy lives, towns and forests in aninstant.4)Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bringtremendous opportunities and benefits.5)They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead,they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Globalization is the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational* corporate trade and banking institutions that are not accountable to democratic processes or national governments.The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth. It is rapidly assuming the role of global government, as 134 nation-states, including the US, have ceded* to its vast authority and powers. The WTO represents the rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization. The central operating principle of the WTO is that commercial interests should supersede* all others. Any obstacles in the path of operations and expansion of global business enterprise must be subordinated. In practice these "obstacles" are usually policies or democratic processes that act on behalf of working people, labor rights, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, social justice, local culture, and national sovereignty.Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. Today it is an overarching international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country, and we need to understand it as such.As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs, our job is to pick up "globalization", examine it from all sides, dissect* it, figure out what makes ittick, and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate* or slow down the bad parts. Globalization is much like fire.Fire itself is neither good nor bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. As Friedman* says:"Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive*. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows* stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing* cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.Antitrust laws, the Securities and Exchange Commission, labor unions, charities, the Federal Trade Commission, and countless other agencies and organizations keep American capitalism in check. Similar transparent mechanisms are needed to make sure globalization is a positive force in the world.Globalization will always have cheerleaders who are blind to the destruction globalization can cause. And it will always have strident* opponents blind to the way globalization gives some people their first opportunity to fulfill basicaspirations.As with most issues, the majority of people will be in the middle. They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Milton Friedman says, "Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."2.(Open)。
听力教程第三册答案UNIT6
UNIT 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationWind and SpiritWe do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.Scientists have tried (6) without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions.Everyone agrees, however, that (8) dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) negative effects.On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. lt is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 spirit the winds. We do not identify wind with spirit anymore.Part 2 Listening for GistA cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange "miaow" when the plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into theair-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company £10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10.000."Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueWhat a Coincidence!Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me and Jeannie last holiday?Friend(s):No.Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, we were driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ... see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried.Friend(s): Were you insured?Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, "There's nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it." Well, naturally, we were worried, but ... er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey.Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about forty kilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach.Friend(s): You're joking!Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the advice about our car were stuck with their car.Friend(s): Oh, no!Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn't working! It was quite extraordinary .ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)l.T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.FPart 2 PassageCorporate Culture1.How well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses,and fringe benefits? These factors are indeed important, but increasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee"fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as "how things are done around here". It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration(室内装饰) of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. For instance: The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or something in-between.The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and tokeep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers.Onsite perks, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms, daycare facilities, and more.perk=perquisite n. 特殊待遇，特权；工资外收入The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers.• Interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and geta handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:What's it really like to work here?What skills and characteristics does the company value?How do people get promoted around here?The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy ,successful and productive, you’ll want to be in a place where you fit the culture ,a place where you can have a voice ,be respect and have opportunity for growth .Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionMany articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as "Corporate Culture". The dictionary defines culture as "the act of developing intellectual and moral faculties, especially through education". Some people define it as "the moral, social, and behavioral norms of an organization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members".Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three timesExercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphs At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guideshow employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can also be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours, the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training and skills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. / Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as: What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How do people get promoted around here?2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item 1On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, PakistaniPresident Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions.His first meeting was with British Prime Minister Gordon Brown at his official residence.At a joint news conference, Mr. Brown praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.Because of this, Mr. Brown said Britain is pledging $18 million worth of additional humanitarian aid in the form of food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.In addition to the aid, the prime minister said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan over a wide range of issues.Mr. Brown said helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.Mr. Zardari said the fight against extremists in particular is a struggle that will not be solved overnight.Islamabad says 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas. A．anti-Taliban campaign that British and Pakistani leaders discussed B． 1. He stopped in London for two days of discussions.2. British Prime Minister Gordon Brown3. He praised the current Pakistani army offensive against Taliban targets in the Swat valley.4. It included food, water, shelter and sanitation that will directed at those being displaced in the northwest.5. He said he expects much more cooperation between Britain and Pakistan overa wide range of issues.6. Helping the effort to tackle terrorism in Pakistan and improving health and education there were important priorities for his government.7. 15,000 security troops have moved into the tribal areas.News Item 2Israel-PalestinePalestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunman responsible for the attack on the kibbutz* was among those detained.The Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigades of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat's Fatah movement claimed responsibility for the killings. Mr Arafat says he has formed a committee to investigate the attack on the kibbutz.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.Israeli officials say the gunman came from Tulkarem but that he was following orders of AIAqsa leaders in Nablus. By midday Tuesday Palestinian witnesses were reporting that Israeli troops were gathering outside the West Bank town.Israeli authorities say Palestinian militants from Fatah and Hamas in Nablus are behind a series of attacks against Israelis over the past few months.The latest violence comes as US envoy* David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about Israel's response to Palestinian gunman's attack on the kibbutz.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following passage.Palestinian witnesses and security sources said some 30 tanks and armored personnel carriers drove into the Tulkarem refugee camp around 3 a.m. The army did not say whether the gunmanresponsible for the attack on the kibbutz was among those detained.In Tuesday's action, the Israeli military also demolished the home of a Palestinian militant (Mohammed Naifan) they say is responsible for sending the gunman into Kibbutz Metzer.The latest violence comes as US envoy David Satterfield begins a visit to the region to work on a peace plan. He arrived in Israel Monday for separate talks with Israeli and Palestinian officials.News Item 3Officials say there are no easy, quick or purely military solutions to the Somali piracy problem. But the top U.S. military officer, Admiral Mike Mullen, told ABC's Good Morning America television program Tuesday the taking and rescue of the American cargo ship captain led him to order a new effort to find ways to effectively deal with the pirates.Admiral Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert Gates say there is no purely military solution to the Somali piracy problem. Piracy continues to rise, even as navy ships from 16 nations patrol the area. And Gates said Monday that the problem is "probably going to get worse" until the international community can, in his words, "get something on land that begins to change the equation" for the "incredible number of poor people" in Somalia, some of whom turn to piracy.Efforts by some ship owners to secure their ships have had some success. They have installed barbed wire, removed ladders and changed their routes, among other steps. But there has been resistance to proposals to put armed guards on commercial ships.Corporations have paid tens of millions of dollars for the safe return of ships and their crews in the area in recent years. Last year, there were 111 piracy incidents in the region, triple the number the previous year. And this year, there have already been nearly 70 incidents.A.the US looking for new approaches to Somali piracyB.F, T ,F ,T ,FSection FourSupplementary ExercisePart1 Feature ReportIranian government TV says that the country's new nuclear energy chief, Ali Akbar Salehi is urging the West to end hostilities with Tehran and to start building trust."Legal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case have finished," he insists, "and there is no room left to keep this case open.""We hope," he added, "that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obtain mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostility."They were Salehi's first comments to the media, since being appointed by President Mahmoud Ahmedinejad, Friday, following the resignation of veteran nuclear negotiator Gholam Reza Aghazadeh.The soft-spoken Salehi was educated at the American University of Beirut and holds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Salehi is Iran's former envoy to the International Atomic Energy Agency and signed a protocol allowing for freer inspections of Iran's nuclear sites. His appointment appears to be something of a gesture to the U.S.Neither the U.S., nor the other members of the so-called Group of five-plus-one, including the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, plus Germany, however, are likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran's nuclear file.U.S. President Barack Obama warned Tehran, during the G-8 summit in Italy, that the world is giving it until September to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program.Iran has persistently refused to stop enriching uranium, and the West fears that it will use highly enriched uranium to build atomic weapons.The Iranian government, however, continues to insist that its nuclear program is intended for peaceful, civilian purposes, alone.Iran analyst Meir Javedanfar of the MEEPAS (Middle East Economic and Political Analysis) center in Tel Aviv argues that Tehran is hardening its position over its nuclear dossier, in response to Western criticism over its violent crackdown against its own people following the June 12 presidential elections."I think Ayatollah Khamenei is sending the message that the more we are pushed on other fronts, the more we're going to adjust the balance in our favor, and one area is the nuclear program, because Khamenei knows how important the nuclear program is to the West, especially to President Obama," he said."So, I think this is kind of a backlash against what Iran sees as Western interference in its own affairs.I also think that the Iranian government still sees the West as divided and there's not much the West can do at the moment to stop Iran's nuclear program, so they're toughening their policy and they wantto see what the reaction will be, if the reaction is going to be hard or if the West is going to come up with an even [better] offer," he added.Javedanfar, however, believes that those who are seeking a compromise with Iran should not despair completely, because Iranian leaders are pragmatists, and may at the end of the day be ready for an agreement.Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of proposals, concerning what he called "international, security and political issues," to the West for talks.Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has also warned the West that Tehran would weigh their criticism over its crackdown on protesters following the June 12 election, in assessing future relations with their countries.A．This news report is about Salehi’s and the Iranian governme nt’s attitude towards nuclear case.B: Directions: Listen to the program again and complete the fo llowing sentences.Iranian Nuclear energy ChiefName: Ali Akbar SalehiEducation:Salehi was educated at the American university of Beirut and h olds a doctorate from the Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyPrevious positionSalehi is Iran’s former envoy to the international Atomic Ener gyAgency.His comments on Iranian nuclear programLegal and technical discussions about Iran's nuclear case havefinished. And there is no room left to keep this case open. We hope that more efforts will be made [by the West] to obta in mutual confidence, instead of the last six years of hostili ty.1. The so-called Group of five-plus-one are not likely to agree with Salehi about the closure of Tehran’s nuclear file.2. U.S. president Barak Obama warned Tehran that the world is giving it untilSeptember to comply with U.N. resolutions over its controversial nuclear program during the G-8 summit in Italy.3. Iranian Foreign Minister Manuchehr Motaki said one week ago that Tehran was preparing to present a "new package" of prop osals, concerning what he called "international, security and po litical issues," to the West for talksPart 2 PassageGlobalization1)The World Trade Organization is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretiveinternational bodies on earth.2)Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend.3)Used properly, fire can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes.Used carelessly, it can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant.4)Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendousopportunities and benefits.5)They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, theywill see it as something to mold, shape and manage for the betterment of everyone.Globalization is the present worldwide drive toward a globalized economic system dominated by supranational* corporate trade and banking institutions that are notaccountable to democratic processes or national governments.The World Trade Organization (WTO) is among the most powerful, and one of the most secretive international bodies on earth. It is rapidly assuming the role of global government, as 134 nation-states, including the US, have ceded* to its vast authority and powers. The WTO representsthe rules-based regime of the policy of economic globalization. The central operating principle of the WTO is that commercial interests should supersede* all others. Any obstacles in the path of operations and expansion of global business enterprise must be subordinated. In practice these "obstacles" are usually policies or democratic processes that act on behalf of working people, labor rights, environmental protection, human rights, consumer rights, social justice, local culture, and national sovereignty.Globalization is not a phenomenon. It is not just some passing trend. Today it is an overarching international system shaping the domestic politics and foreign relations of virtually every country, and we need to understand it as such.As thoughtful people concerned about world affairs, our job is to pick up "globalization", examine it from all sides, dissect* it, figure out what makes it tick, and then nurture and promote the good parts and mitigate* or slow down the bad parts. Globalization is much like fire.Fire itself is neither good nor bad. Used properly, it can cook food, sterilize equipment, form iron, and heat our homes. Used carelessly, fire can destroy lives, towns and forests in an instant. As Friedman* says:"Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive*. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows* stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing* cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."Globalization has dangers and an ugly dark side. But it can also bring tremendous opportunities and benefits. Just as capitalism requires a network of governing systems to keep it from devouring societies, globalization requires vigilance and the rule of law.Antitrust laws, the Securities and Exchange Commission, labor unions, charities, the Federal Trade Commission, and countless other agencies and organizations keep American capitalism in check. Similar transparent mechanisms are needed to make sure globalization is a positive force in the world.Globalization will always have cheerleaders who are blind to the destruction globalization can cause. And it will always have strident* opponents blind to the way globalization gives some people their first opportunity to fulfill basic aspirations.As with most issues, the majority of people will be in the middle. They will see globalization not as something to worship or demonize. Instead, they will see it as something to mold, shape andmanage for the betterment of everyone.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. Milton Friedman says, "Globalization can be incredibly empowering and incredibly coercive. It can democratize opportunity and democratize panic. It makes the whales bigger and the minnows stronger. It leaves you behind faster and faster, and it catches up to you faster and faster. While it is homogenizing cultures, it is also enabling people to share their unique individuality farther and wider."2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》3_(第2版)_unit_2答案.doc
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版) 答案UNIT 2Section One Tactics for listeningPart 1 Sport DictationMy MotherMy mother was an efficient (1) taskmaster who cooked, cleaned and shopped for nine people (2) on a daily basis. She was a disciplinarian* who would (3) make us seven kids walk up and down the stairs a hundred times if we clumped like (4)field hands to-dinner. She also enlisted us to help her in the day's (5) chores.My mother believed that each of her children had a special (6) knack that made him or her invaluable on certain (7) missions. My brother Mike, for example, was believed to have especially (8) keen eyesight. He was hoisted up as a human (9) telescope whenever she needed to see something (10) far away. John was the climber when a kite (11) got caught. My own job was navigator for our (12) gigantic old Chrysler.But my mother's (13) ability to get work done well was only (14) one side. She also had an (15) imagination that carried her in different directions, that (16) allowed her to transcend her everyday life. She did not (17) believe in magic as portrayed on a stage, but (18) valued instead the sound of a metal bucket being(19) filled by a hose, or the persistence of a dandelion at the (20) edge of a woodpile.Part 2 Listening for GistFor hundreds of years man has been fascinated by the idea of flying. One of the first men to produce designs for aircraft was Leonardo da Vinci, an Italian artist who lived in the fifteenth century. However, it was not until the eighteenth century that people began to fly, or perhaps it would be better to say float, across the countryside in balloons. The first hot-air balloon was made in April 1783 by the Montgolfier brothers in France.In the following years many flights were made by balloon. Some of the flights were for pleasure and others were for delivering mail and for military purposes, such as observation and even bombing. However, in the late nineteenth century, airships superseded balloons as a form of transport.Airships came after balloons. The first powered and manned flight was made by a Frenchman, Giffard, in September 1852. His airship, powered by steam, traveled twenty-seven kilometers from Paris to Trappes at a speed of eight kilometers per hour. However the days of the airship were numbered as the aero plane became increasingly safe and popular.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This passage is about the early history of flying.2.The key words are designs, an Italian artist, fifteenth century, eighteenthcentury, fly, float, balloons, hot-air balloon, April 1783, airships, September 1852, aeroplane.Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueBuying a CarA: Good morning, can I help you?B: Yes, I'm interested in buying a car.A: Have you anything in mind?B: Not really.A: What price are youthinking of?B: Not more than £13,500.A: Let's see now ... Over there between the Lancia and the Volvo is a Mini. Itcosts £12,830 and is cheap to run: It does 38 miles per gallon. Or there's the Citroen, behind the Mini. It costs £12,070 and is even cheaper to run than the Mini: It does 45 miles per gallon. It's not very fast though. It only does 69 miles per hour.B: No, I think the Mini and the Citroen are too small. I've got three children.Isn't there anything bigger at that price?A: Well, there's the Toyota over there, to the left of the Peugeot. It's very comfortable and costs £13,040. It's cheap to run too, and it also has a built-in radio. Or there's the Renault at the back of the showroom, behind the Peugeot. It costs a little more, £13,240, but it is cheaper to run. It does 40 miles per gallon and the Toyota only does 36 miles per gallon.B: What about that Volkswagen over there, in front of the Toyota?A: That costs a little more than £13,500 but it's a very reliable car. It's more expensive to run than the others: It does 34 miles per gallon, but it's faster.Its top speed is 90 miles per hour. The Toyota's is 80 miles per hour and the Renault's is 82 miles per hour.B: How much does it cost?A: £13,630 and that includes a 5-yearguarantee.B: And the Fiat next to theVolkswagen?A: Again that's more than £13,500, but it's cheaper than the Volkswagen. It costs£13,550.B: Hmm well, I'll have to think about it and study these pamphlets. How much is that Peugeot incidentally, behind the Lancia?A: Oh, that's expensive. It costs £15,190.B: Yes, that is a bit too much. Thank you very much for your help. Goodbye.Part 2 PassageThe Wrights’ Story1.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, fourflights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.Under the direction of the operator it climbed upward on an inclined coursetill a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached.3.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with aspeed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.4.The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering in so gusty a wind and withno previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms.5 .In attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected.On the morning of December 17, 1903, between 10:30 a.m. and noon, four flights were made, two by Orville Wright and two by Wilbur Wright. The starts were all made from a point on the level sand about 200 feet west of our camp, which is located a quarter of a mile north of the Kill Devil sand hill, in Dare County, North Carolina.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity* of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer* at the Kitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.The flights were directly against the wind. Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alone with no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.After a run of about 40 feet along a monorail* track, which held the machine 8 inches (20 centimeters) from the ground, it rose from the track and under the direction of the operator climbed upward on an inclined course till a height of 8 or 10 feet from the ground was reached, after which the course was kept as near horizontal as the wind gusts and the limited skill of the operator would permit.Into the teeth of a December gale the "Flyer" made its way forward with a speed of 10 miles an hour over the ground and 30 to 35 miles an hour through the air.It had previously been decided that for reasons of personal safety these first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible. The height chosen was sufficient for maneuvering* in so gusty a wind and with no previous acquaintance with the conduct of the machine and its controlling mechanisms. Consequently the first flight was short.The succeeding flights rapidly increased in length and at the fourth trial a flight of 59 seconds was made, in which time the machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air and a distance of 852 feet over the ground.The landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of the aviator. After passing over a little hummock* of sand, in attempting to bring the machine down to the desired height, the operator turned the rudder* too far, and the machine turned downward more quickly than had been expected. The reverse movement of the rudder was a fraction of a second too late to prevent the machine from touching the ground and thus ending the flight.As winter was already well set in, we should have postponed the trials to a more favorable season, but we were determined to know whether the machine possessed sufficient power to fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous* winds, as well as in calm air.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionOrville Wright (1871-1948), American aeronautical engineer, famous for his role in the first controlled, powered flight in a heavier-than-air machine and for his participation in the design of the aircraft's control system. Wright worked closely with his brother, Wilbur Wright (1867-1912), American aeronautical engineer, in designing and flying the Wright airplane.During the years 1900, 1901, 1902, and 1903, the two brothers developed the first effective airplane. At Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, on December 17, 1903, Orville Wright made the first successful flight of a piloted, heavier-than-air, self-propelled craft, called the Flyer. The third Flyer, which the Wrightsconstructed in 1905, was the world's first fully practical airplane. It could bank, turn, circle, make figure eights, and remain in the air for as long as the fuel lasted, up to half an hour on occasion.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions.1.Four flights were made on the morning of December 17, 1903, two by OrvilleWright and two by Wilbur Wright.2.The wind at the time of the flights had a velocity of 27 miles an hour at 10a.m., and 24 miles an hour at noon, as recorded by the anemometer at theKitty Hawk Weather Bureau Station.3.Each time the machine started from the level ground by its own power alonewith no assistance from gravity or any other source whatever.4.The machine ran about 40 feet along a monorail track before it rose from thetrack.5.These first trials should be made as close to the ground as possible for reasonsof personal safety.6.The machine flew a little more than half a mile through the air in 59 secondsat the fourth trial.7.The early landing was due to a slight error of judgment on the part of theaviator.8.As winter was already well set in, it was not a favorable season for the trials.Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.Because they wanted to know whether the machine possessed sufficient powerto fly, sufficient strength to withstand the shocks of landings and sufficient capacity of control to make flight safe in boisterous winds as well as in calm air.2.(Open)Section Three NewsNews Item 1World Basketball ChampionshipThe semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament is later today (Saturday) in the mid-western (US) state of Indiana.Argentina is the only undefeated team at the tournament. The South Americans have outscored their opponents by an average of 19 points per game. On Wednesday, Argentina shocked the host United States (87-80) to snap a 58-game international winning streak* by professional squads of the National Basketball Association players.Argentina also defeated Brazil (78-67) to reach the semifinal round where the team will face Germany. Primarily using European experienced players, Argentina defeated Germany earlier in the second round, 86-77.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States (81-78) in the quarterfinals, plays upstart* New Zealand. But Yugoslav head coach Svetislav Pesic says he is not surprised.The losers of each game will play for the third place on Sunday before the championship game.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about the semifinal round of the World Basketball Championship tournament.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.In the second round Argentina defeated Germany 86-77.2.Argentina also defeated Brazil to reach the seminal round.3.Before the semifinal round Argentina is the only undefeated team at thetournament.4.Defending champion Yugoslavia, which ousted the United States in thequarterfinals, plays against New Zealand.5.The four teams that will play in the semifinals are Argentina, Germany,Yugoslavia and New Zealand.6.The losers of each game will play for the third place before thechampionship game.News Item 2European FootballEnglish football club Liverpool crashed out of the Champions League, despite fighting back from a 3-0 deficit to tie FC Basel 3-3 in Switzerland. Liverpool needed a win Tuesday to qualify / for the second phase. Instead, the English club will play for the UEFA Cup. Basel became the first Swiss side ever to reach the last 16 of the Champions League, qualifying second in Group B· behind Valencia of Spain, which beat Spartak Moscow 3-0.English champion Arsenal played to a scoreless home draw against Dutch-side PSV Eindhoven to top Group A and move into the second phase, where the team will be seeded. They'll be joined by German team BorussiaDortmund*, which advanced despite a 1-0 loss to Auxerre in France.AS Roma played to a 1-1 draw against AEK Athens in Italy, to capture second place in Group C. Group winner Real Madrid of Spain will also advance, after drawing 1-1 with Racing Genk* in Belgium.In Group D, Inter Milan of Italy got a pair of goals from Hernan Crespo to beat Ajax Amsterdam 2-1 in the Netherlands. Both teams qualified at the expense of French side Lyon, which was held to a 1-1 draw by Rosenborg in Norway.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about European football matches.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.F7.TNews Item 3Kemper Open Gulf PreviewThe annual Kemper Open* golf tournament gets underway Thursdaynear Washington at the Tournament Players Club at Avenel.Twenty-eight-year-old American Rich Beem is back to defend his title. Before his victory here, he had missed the halfway cuts in five straight tournaments. He hopes he can again find his form during the next four days, as he is currently 132nd on the money list.The player who is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings, American Tiger Woods, decided to skip this event after winningthe rain-delayed Memorial Open in (Dublin) Ohio on Monday.Compatriot* Jeff Sluman says even Tiger has to take periodic breaks.He's unbelievable. He's got an opportunity, as I said even a couple years ago, if he stays healthy and does the right things, he can maybe be the best golfer of all time, and he's showing right now what he can do. The kid is just a fabulous, fabulous player, but he can't play every week."Eight of the past 10 Kemper Open winners are in this year's field of 156 golfers, who are vying for three million dollars in prize money. The first-place check has been increased from 450 thousand to 540 thousand dollars.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news item and complete the summary.This news item is about an annual Kemper Open golf tournament on Thursday.Exercise BDirections: Listen to the news again and answer the following questions."1.The Kemper Open golf tournament will be held on Thursday.2.Rich Beem comes back to defend his title.3.He is currently ranked 132nd on the money list.4.Tiger Woods is number-one on golf's money list and in the world rankings.5.He has to take a break after a match on Monday.6.There are 156 golfers taking part in this event.7.The total prize money is three million dollars.8.The prize for the first place is 540 thousand dollarsSection Four Supplementary ExercisePart 1 Feature ReportUS Men’s National Collegiate Basketball TournamentThe widely followed US men's national collegiate basketball tournament concludes tonight (9 p.m. EST) in Atlanta with a championship match-up* between Maryland and Indiana.Maryland is in the championship game for the first time in the school history. To get here, the Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketball traditions: Kentucky, Connecticut and Kansas.Now they face another, Indiana. while Maryland was one of the four top seeds in this 65-team tournament, the Indiana Hoosiers* were a fifth seed, and virtually no one expected them to reach the title game*. But they knocked off defending champion Duke in the third round, and in the semifinals they upset Oklahoma.Maryland coach Gary Williams knows it will take a solid effort to win. "Any team that's gotten to where Indiana has gotten, you don't look at their record. You look at how they're playing now, how they play. Any time a team plays team defense like they do, they have a chance to beat anybody. That's what concerns me the most, their ability to play together as a unit, because a lot of times you can play with anybody when you play that close together like they do."Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season. The last time a team won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas in 1988. Maryland has a school record of 31 wins against only 4 losses. It has three seniors in the starting line-up* who reached the semifinals last year, and they are determined that this time they will take home the school's first men's national basketball championship.Exercise ADirections: Listen to the news report and complete the summary.This news report is about two teams that will compete for the championship of US men's national collegiate basketball tournament.Exercises BDirections: Listen to the news again and complete the following sentences.1.M aryland moves in the championship game for the first time in the schoolhistory.2.The Maryland Terrapins had to beat three teams with great basketballtraditions before it reached the title game.3.Among the 65 teams, the Indiana team was a fifth seed.4.Indiana has 27 wins and 11 defeats this season.st year the Maryland Terrapins reached the semifinals.6. In 1988, the team who won the national championship with as many as 11 losses was Kansas.Part 2 PassageWho on Earth Invented the Airplane?1. He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment and during the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends.2. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as theinventor of the airplane all over Europe.3. But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count.4. His flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew apredetermined length and then landed safely.5. By the time the Brazilian got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont, a bon vivant as well-known for his aerial prowess as he was for his dandyish* dress and place in the high-society life of Belle Epoque Paris.As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric* Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine."He would keep his dirigible* tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Paris apartment at the Champs Elysees, and every night he would fly to Maxim's for dinner. During the day he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends," Hoffman said.It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like contraption* with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on the outskirts of Paris. Since his was the first public flight in the world, he was hailed as the inventor of the airplane all over Europe.It was only later that Orville and Wilbur Wright proved they had beaten Santos-Dumont at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, three years earlier.But to bring up the Wright brothers with a Brazilian is bound to elicit* anavalanche of arguments as to why their flight didn't count."It's one of the biggest frauds* in history," scoffs Wagner Diogo, a taxidriver in Rio de Janeiro."No one saw it, and they used a catapult* to launch the airplane."The debate centers on the definition of flight.Henrique Lins de Barros, a Brazilian physicist and Santos-Dumont expert, argues that the Wright brothers' flight did not fulfill the conditions that had been set up at the time to distinguish a true flight from a prolonged hop.Santos-Dumont's flight did meet the criteria: He took off unassisted, publicly flew a predetermined length and then landed safely."If we understand what the criteria were at the end of the 19th century, the Wright brothers simply did not fill any of the prerequisites," said Lins de Barros.Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with a catapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros concede* this is wrong. He says that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer's takeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off on its own.Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in / Washington, says such claims are preposterous*.By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight in which they flew 39 kilometers.Even in France the Wrights are considered to have flown beforeSantos-Dumont, says Claude Carlier, director of the French Center for the History of Aeronautics and Space.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in .190 I,Santos-Dumont helped prove that air travel could be controlled.Exercise A Pre-listening QuestionAlberto Santos-Dumont was a wealthy Brazilian aviation pioneer who came to Paris, France, at the age of 18 to live and study. He attempted his first balloon ascent in 1897 and had his first successful ascent in 1898. He began to construct dirigible airships powered with gasoline-powered engines in 1898 and built and flew fourteen of the small dirigibles. In 1901, he flew his hydrogen-filled airship from St. Cloud, around the Eiffel Tower, and back to St. Cloud. It was the first such flight and won him the Deutsch Prize and a prize from the Brazilian government. In 1902, he attempted to cross the Mediterranean in an airship but crashed into the sea. In 1909, he produced his "Demoiselle" or "Grasshopper" monoplane, the precursor to the modern light plane.Exercise B Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will heareach sentence three times.Exercise C Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). Discuss with your classmates why you think the statement is true or false.-T- 1. The Brazilians believe that it was Alberto Santos-Dumont who invented the airplane.(Ask anyone in Brazil who invented the airplane, and they will say Alberto Santos-Dumont ... )-T- 2. In Paul Hoffman's day Alberto Santos-Dumont was the only person to own a flying machine.(As Paul Hoffman recounts in his biography Wings of Madness, the eccentric Brazilian was the only person in his day to own a flying machine.)-T- 3. According to Hoffman, Alberto Santos-Dumont used his dirigible as a means of transportation.(He would keep his dirigible tied to a gas lamp post in front of his Parisapartment at the Champs Elysees, and he would fly to Maxim's fordinner every night and he'd fly to go shopping or to visit friends duringthe day.)-F 4. On November 12, 1906, Santos-Dumont flew a kite-like device with boxy wings some 200 meters on the outskirts of Paris.(It was on November 12, 1906, when Santos-Dumont flew a kite-likecontraption with boxy wings called the 14-Bis some 220 meters on theoutskirts of Paris.)-T- 5. Some Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with assistance by a device.(Brazilians claim that the Wrights launched their Flyer in 1903 with acatapult or at an incline, disqualifying it from being a true airplane.)-T- 6. Some experts believe steady wind might have helped the Flyer's takeoff.(Even Santos-Dumont experts like Lins de Barros ... , Lins de Barrossays that the steady winds at Kitty Hawk were crucial for the Flyer'stakeoff, disqualifying the flight because it probably could not lift off onits own.)-F7. Officials from the US National Air Force say such claims are groundless.(Peter Jakab, chairman of the aeronautics division at the US National Air and Space Museum in Washington, says such claims are preposterous.)-T-8. The Wrights had already made several successful flights before Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight.(By the time Santos-Dumont got around to his maiden flight the Wrightbrothers had already flown numerous times, including one flight inwhich they flew 39 kilometers.)Exercise D After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1.By rounding the Eiffel Tower in a motorized dirigible in 1901, Santos-Dumonthelped prove that air travel could be controlled.2.(Open)。
施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)Unit 6答案
A Listening Course 4施心远主编《听力教程》4 (第2版)答案Unit 6Section One: Tactics for ListeningPart 1: Listening and Translation1. Blogs are being used more and more by teachers.老师对博客的使用越来越多。
2. Many Internet services now offer free and easy ways to create personal Web pages.现在很多因特网服务商都提供免费、便捷的制作个人网页的方式。
3. Educators did not become involved with blogging right away.教育工作者并不是从一开始就涉足博客的。
4. Many were concerned with privacy issues and security.很多人担心隐私和安全问题。
5. But now, thousands of teacher blogs can be found on the Internet.但是现在在因特网上可以找到成千上万个教师博客网页。
Section Two Listening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueEx. : Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1. T. I put a big value on being current with my friends.2. F. She and her friends take turns to call each other.3. F. Her phone bills are high, but she considers it's just like one of her living expenses.4. T. She says, "there's something about throwing away a letter thatI just can't do it."5. T. They met when they worked at the same place. Then he went to Taiwan for two years and they wrote letters. They didn't know each other very well, but they got to know each other through letters over the first two years and then they are good friends ever since.6. F. They met when they worked at the same place.7. F. When she first saw him after writing him for two years, she wasa little nervous that they wouldn't be able to function without a pen and paper between them.8. T. She has a friend who got on-line and email is her thing. Since she got her email address recently, she is able to hear from her twice a week.9. F. She thinks that friends should provide comfort and support and adventure and jokes.10. T. She says, "I feel like one thingI want my friends to do is call me on things, you know, to let me know if I do something that upsets them from whatever reason. I think that's one thing friends, you know, do for each other.11. F. Sometimes friendship can get prickly and hard. You can fight,but in her view, fighting was never bad.12. T You share jokes that you've created together that you've understood and all you have to do is say one word, and the other person can go off into peals of laughter.Part 2 PassageEx. B: Sentence Dictation1. Negotiating isn't always done with a hammer in hand. But you should become a better negotiator if you want to succeed in business.2. In the art of negotiating, facts and figures play a role, but what may tip the balance is the emotional factor.3. Good negotiations--in business as well as in personal or family situations--hinge on respect for others, and respect for your own feelings.4. If someone is getting angry at you, there can be all sorts of reasons for that.5. Both sides have an ongoing relationship that can be damaged by a lopsided agreement.Ex. C: Detailed Listening.1. Directions: Listen to the passage and answer the following questions 1) What makes the difference between success and failure in a negotiation?How you deal with emotions, your own and those on the other side,makes the difference between success and failure in a negotiation.2) What does the notion of a lack of power and self-respect lead to in negotiation?The negotiator with this notion is often immediately put at an disadvantage.3) What do positive emotions and negative emotions bring about in a negotiation?Positive emotions elicit good feelings and often lead to good solutions; negative ones cloud the brain and reduce our capacity to think, learn and remember.Exercise 21) Appreciation: Un derstanding the other side’s point of view, finding merit in their ideas and communicating your understanding.2) Affiliation: Try to build genuine connections with the other side as human beings, not merely as adversaries.3) Autonomy: The recognition that both you and the other side are free to affect or make decisions.4) Status: Competition over status is a dead end. Appreciating the status of both sides leads to the mutual respect necessary for a successful negotiation.5) Role: Don’t needlessly limi t yourself. The activities in your work and negotiations can often be expanded to be more fulfilling andmeaningful.Ex. D: After-listening Discussion1. What is one of the best soothing methods? Why?One of the best soothing methods is to ask yourself, "How important is this issue to me?" Some negotiators, just like some married couples, are at risk of making every issue a big issue. We can get worked up about issues that are of little importance. As Aristotle pointed out, "One can become angry; that is easy. But to be angry with the right person, to the right degree, at the right time, for the right purpose--that is not easy."2. How do you deal with emotions in negotiations?Open.Section Three NewsNews Item 1Ex. A: Summarize the newsThis news item is about the world’s first commercially cloned dog.Ex. B: Listen to the news again and decide T or F.1.F Several years ago Edgar and Nina Otto froze the DNA of their dog,Lancelot.2.T The couple were sad and they decided to get a clone producedby a South Korean laboratory.3.F Lancelot Encore, the new puppy, is the world's first commerciallycloned dog.4.F The new owners here in Florida say they're happy with their newdog and don't plan to clone any others.5.TTape script of News Item One:Several years ago Edgar and Nina Otto froze the DNA of their dog, Lancelot. When he died last year, the couple were devastated and they decided to get a clone produced by a South Korean laboratory.几年前, Edgar和Nina Otto将他们的爱犬Lancelot的DNA进行了冷藏。
施心远主编《听力教程》3 (第2版)Unit 6课件
bise a cold north wind of the Swiss Alps and nearby regions of France and Italy 干冷的北风
While listening: Listen and fill in the blanks with what you hear
5. They didn’t have their car checked because they believed there was nothing wrong with their car. F. The two mechanics in anther car told them there was nothing wrong with their car. They were worried but she thought she will trust them. Then they didn’t have their car fixed. 6. They met the same two American men on their way to the Mexico. T. We went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about 40 miles and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we’d seen in Palm Beach. …the same two men who gave us the advice about our car were stuck with their car.
Part 2 Listening for Gist
施心远听力教程第三册答案unit1——unit8（供参考）
施心远听力教程第三册答案unit1——unit8（供参考）P1-21:unit1, P22-43:unit2, P44-65:unit3, P66-88:unit4,P89-113:unit5, P114-133:unit6, P134-144:unit7, P145- 166:unit8UNIT 1Section OnePart 1Spot DictationHouses in the FutureWell, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we(7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of(8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that.Part 2Listening for GistA: Tuesday two fifteen. Let me look inmy diary.B: No, Thursday.A: Oh, I'm sorry. I thought you said Tuesday.B: Thursday two fifteen. No, I'm sorry. I've got an appointment until three. Could we make it later? Say three fifteen?A: Well, there's a lot to talk about. It'll take a couple ofhours, at least.B: Shall we say Monday morning, then?A: Monday morning. All right. Nine o'clock?B: Nine. I think that will be all right. I'll ring you backand confirm. A: All right. But ring before five, couldyou?B: All right.A: Right you are. Bye.B: Bye.Exercise. Directions: Listen to the dialogue and write down the gist and the key words that help you decide.1.This dialogue is about making an appointment.2.The key words are Tuesday. Thursday. two fifteen. three fifteen.Mondaymorning. nine o'clock.。
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UNIT 6Section One Tactics for ListeningPart 1 Spot DictationWind and SpiritWe do notice the wind when it seems (1) cruel, when the trees turn away from it, and it (2) cuts into our hearts. "Certain winds will make men's (3) temper bad", said George Eliot. In Southern California, the Santa Ana is (4) associated with an increase in depression and domestic (5) violence.Scientists have tried (6)without success to identify physiological reasons for these (7) reactions. Everyone agrees, however, that (8)dry winds like the Santa Ana, the mistral in France and the foehn* in Germany and Switzerland seem to have (9) negative effects on our mental and physical (10) well-being.On windy days, playground fights, (11) suicides and heart failures are more (12) frequent. In Geneva, traffic accidents (13) increase when a wind called the bise* blows. At the (14) request of patients, some Swiss and German hospitals (15) postpone surgery during the foehn.It is human to ask what is (16) behind the wind. It is easy to personify the wind as the (17) breath of God. The act of taking wind into our lungs is what (18) gives us life. The Jews, Arabs, Romans and Greeks all took their word for (19) spirit from the word for wind.But our day-to-day lives are no longer (20 blown on the winds. We do notidentify wind with spirit anymore.Part 2 Listening for GistA cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10,000. One of the 66 passengers heard a strange "miaow" when the plane landed in Copenhagen. Mechanics arrived immediately and the airline company phoned for an animal ambulance. The mechanics found the cat after eight hours' work. It had got into the air-conditioning system in Nairobi. The plane was twelve hours late leaving for Tokyo, costing the company £10,000. The cat was quite well after its experience and was given a large bowl of milk and a plate of fish.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the passage and find its topic sentence.The topic sentence is "A cat got on to a Scandinavian Airlines plane in Nairobi yesterday and cost the company about £10.000."Section TwoListening ComprehensionPart 1 DialogueWhat a Coincidence!Storyteller: Talking of coincidences, did I tell you about what happened to me and Jeannie last holiday?Friend(s): No.Storyteller: We went on holiday in the States and we went to Mexico. Well, we were driving down to Mexico City. We were going to spend a few days in Palm Beach ...see the sea, look up an old friend, you know. As we left there we stopped at a garage for a car check ... oil, the water, the tires, all that ... petrol. And the mechanics spotted something. They said that our fuel pump was not working properly and it was quite serious ... it would cost a lot of money ... well, we were very worried.Friend(s): Were you insured?Storyteller: Well, no, we weren't and I didn't have that much money on me, you know. It was meant to be a cheap holiday. Well, just then, two men drove up and they said what's the problem? And, do you know? They were mechanics - it was such good luck. They looked at our car and they said, "There's nothing wrong with your car. Don't spend money on it. Just forget about it." Well, naturally, we were worried, but ... er, I thought ... I'll trust them, I think they're right. So, we drove on, we crossed the Mexican border and had a marvelous few days sightseeing there round Monterey. Friend(s):Oh, oh, brilliant ... jealous ...Storyteller: And then we went on and on to Mexico City. We drove about forty kilometers and then we saw a car with the same US number plates as the other car we'd seen in Palm Beach.Friend(s): You're joking!Storyteller: It was parked by the road, and the same two men who gave us the advice about our car were stuck with their car.Friend(s): Oh, no!Storyteller: So, we stopped and asked them what was wrong. And do you know? Their car had broken down for exactly the same reason: The fuel pump wasn'tworking! It was quite extraordinary.ExerciseDirections: Listen to the dialogue and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F)l. T 2.T 3.F 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.T 8.FPart 2 PassageCorporate Culture1.How well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference betweenjob-search success and failure.2.It guides how employees think, act, and feel.3.The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers is part of the corporate culture.4.The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months.5.It should be a place where you can have a voice, be respected, and have opportunities for growth.Why should jobseekers care about a potential employer's corporate culture? Aren't there more important factors to consider, such as the job itself, salary and bonuses, and fringe benefits（附加福利）? These factors are indeed important, but increasingly career experts are talking about the importance of employee-employer fit in terms of culture, with the idea that how well the employee "fits" the culture can make the difference between job-search success and failure.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it's described as the personality of an organization, or simply as "how things are done around here". It guides how employees think, act, and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term（广义的术语）used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics（企业伦理，公司道德）, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can be expressed in the company's mission statement（宗旨）and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.How does a company's culture affect you? In many, many ways. For instance: •The hours you work per day, per week, including options such as flextime and telecommuting.•The work environment, including how employees interact, the degree of competition, and whether it's a fun or hostile environment - or somethingin-between.•The dress code, including the accepted styles of attire* and things such as casual days.•The office space you get, including things such as cubicles*, window offices, and rules regarding display of personal items.•The training and skills development you receive, which you need both on the job and to keep yourself marketable for future jobs and employers.•Onsite perks（特别的待遇）, such as break rooms, gyms and play rooms,daycare facilities, and more.•The amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers.•Interaction with other employees, including managers and top management.How do you uncover the corporate culture of a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as:•What's it really like to work here?•What skills and characteristics does the company value?•How do people get promoted around here?•The bottom line is that you are going to spend a lot of time in the work environment ---and to be happy, successful and productive, you’ll want to bein a place where you fit the culture, a place where you can have a voice, berespect and have opportunity for growth.A：Pre-listening QuestionMany articles and books have been written in recent years about culture in organizations, usually referred to as "Corporate Culture". The dictionary defines culture as "the act of developing intellectual and moral faculties, especially through education". Some people define it as "the moral, social, and behavioral norms of anorganization based on the beliefs, attitudes, and priorities of its members".Every organization has its own unique culture or value set. Most organizations don't consciously try to create a certain culture. The culture of the organization is typically created unconsciously, based on the values of the top management or the founders of an organization.B：Sentence DictationDirections: Listen to some sentences and write them down. You will hear each sentence three timesC：Detailed ListeningDirections: Listen to the passage and complete the following paragraphs At its most basic, corporate culture is described as the personality of an organization. It guides how employees think, act,and feel. Corporate culture is a broad term used to define the unique personality or character of a particular company or organization, and includes such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate ethics, and rules of behavior.Corporate culture can also be expressed in the company's mission statement and other communications, in the architectural style or interior decoration of offices, by what people wear to work, by how people address each other, and in the titles given to various employees.A company's culture affects you in many ways, such as the working hours, the work environment, the dress code, the office space you get, the training and skills development you receive, onsite perks, the amount of time outside the office you're expected to spend with co-workers and interaction with other employees, includingmanagers and top management.D：After-listening DiscussionDirections: Listen to the passage again and discuss the following questions.1. The truth is that you will never really know the corporate culture until you have worked at the company for a number of months, but you can get close to it through research and observation. Understanding culture is a two-step process, starting with research before the interview and ending with observation at the interview.If you get a chance to meet with other employees, you can ask some questions to try and get a handle on an organization's corporate culture. Such as: What's it really like to work here? What skills and characteristics does the company value? How do people get promoted around here?2.(Open)Section ThreeNewsNews Item 1News Item 1英巴首脑就巴冲突问题举行会谈On his way home from his first official visit to the United States, Pakistani President Asif Ali Zardari stopped in London for two days of discussions. 在首次正式访问美国之后的返回途中，巴基斯坦总统扎尔达里在英国停留两天，讨论问题。