2009版货代英语unit3的翻译(1)

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货代英语Lesson Three 课后练习翻译

Lesson Three ApplicationsTranslate the following letter into English:致亚丁港（Port of Aden）“ABC”船务代理行代理先生：请您安排劳氏（Lloyd’s）验船师尽快来我船检查并证实甲板属具等（deck fittings）在本航次从新加波至亚丁途中遭遇风暴期间受损的程度。

并再安排一位货物检验师在卸货之前来检查和确认所有船舱内所装货物的状况。

望迅速办理此事，不胜感激。

“泰河”轮船长谨启（签名）亚丁港20 年8月10日翻译：To Shipping agents of Port of Aden “ABC”Dear agent:Please arrange Lloyd's (Lloyd's) surveyor as soon as possible to my deck of the ship is checked and confirmed with other (deck fittings) in the voyage to the Gulf of Aden on the way from the new Singapore extent of damage during a storm.And then arrange for a cargo inspection division to check and confirm before unloading all the cargo loaded in the cabin conditions.Look quickly for this, be grateful."Tai He" cargo is Yours(Signed)Aden Port 20 August 10。

货运提单中英文互译3

Company Letter Head公司信头Date: June 10，2009日期： 2009-06-10To: CWT Commodities (China) Pte Ltd寄：CWT 商品（中国）私营有限公司Attn: Edward Wan and/or Irene Chow收件人：爱德华.王和艾琳.周Cc: CWT Commodities Shanghai Warehousing Mgt. Co. LtdCWT 商品上海仓储管理有限公司Attn: Daisy feng / Lizzy Zheng收件人：黛西丰/丽兹郑Re: Warehouse Receipt Re-Issuance Instruction –回复：仓库收据补发声明For storage of NMT Copper Cathodes (ex. WR no.), kindly re-issue X set of warehouse receipts as below:关于NMT电解铜（如：WR no.）的储存，请补发X组仓库的收据如下：Cargo Details:货物明细WR no.:Commodity: 商品Brand: 品牌Origin: 产地Number of packages/units: 包裹数/单位数Gross Weight: 毛重Net Weight: 净重Kindly issue warehouse receipt for above mentioned cargo “To order of / for account of ”请发行上述货物时，以...为顺序/参照…Please courier original warehouse receipt to below add:请信使把原始库存收据寄至以下地址：Company: 公司Add: 地址Contact person: 联系人Tel: 电话For all payment of charges, kindly issue your invoice in the name of : 付款的发票抬头请开为：Regards, 致意_______________________Authorised Signatory授权人签署________________Name姓名。

考研英语2009年 TEXT3 阅读翻译

The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.贫穷国家中正规教育与经济发展之间的关系为经济学家及政治家们普遍误解。

2009版二笔实物教材第三单元原文及参考译文

Unit ThreeTea in BritainTea, that most quintessential of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores. Although the custom of drinking tea dates back to the third millennium BC in China, it was not until the mid-17th century that the beverage first appeared in England.The use of tea spread slowly from its Asian homeland, reaching Europe by way of Venice around 1560，although Portuguese trading ships may have made contact with the Chinese as early as 1515.It was the Portuguese and Dutch traders who first imported tea to Europe, with regular shipments by 1610. England was a latecomer to the tea trade, as the East India Company2 did not capitalize on tea's popularity until the mid-18th century.Coffee Houses3 Curiously, it was the London coffee houses that were responsible for introducing tea to England. One of the first coffee house merchants to offer tea was Thomas Garway, who owned an establishment in Exchange Alley. He sold both liquid and dry tea to the public as early as 1657. Three years later he issued a broadsheet advertising tea at £ 6 and £ 10 per pound (ouch!)，touting its virtues at “making the body active and lusty"，and “preserving perfect health until extreme old age，，.Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses, and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the tavern owners，as tea cut their sales of ale and gin，and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue from taxes on liquor sales. By 1750 tea had become the favoured drink of Britain's lower classes.Taxation on Tea Charles n4 did his bit to counter the growth of tea, with several acts forbidding its sale in private houses. This measure was designed to counter sedition5，but it was so unpopular that it was impossible to enforce it. A 1676 act taxed tea and required coffee house operators to apply for a license.This was just the start of government attempts to control, or at least, to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached an absurd 119% . This heavy taxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry — tea smuggling.Smuggling Tea Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast, then stood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The smugglers，often local fishermen，snuck6 the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local parish church ！Even smuggled tea was expensive, however, and therefore extremely profitable, so many smugglers began to adulterate the tea with other substances，such as willow，licorice，and sloe leaves. Used tea leaves were also redried and added to fresh leaves.Finally, in 1784 William Pitt the Younger7 introduced the Commutation Act, which dropped the tax on tea from 119% to 12. 5%，effectively ending smuggling. Adulteration remained a problem，though，until the Food and Drug Act of 1875 brought in stiff penalties for the practice.Tea Clippers8 In the early 1800，s ships carrying tea from the Far East to Britain could take over a year to bring home their precious cargo. When the East India Company was given a monopoly on the tea trade in 1832，they realized the need to cut the time of this journey. The Americans actually designed the first “clippers"，or streamlined, tall-masted vessels, but the British were close behind. These clippers sped along at nearly 18 knots by contemporary accounts ——nearly as fast as a modern ocean liner.So great was the race for speed that an annual competition was begun for clippers to race from the Canton River9 to the London Docks. The first ship to unload its cargo won the captain and crew a hefty bonus.The most famous of the clipper ships was the Cutty Sark, built in 1868. It only made the tea run eight times, but for its era it was a remarkable ship. The Cutty Sark is now on exhibition at Greenwich.Tea Customs Afternoon tea is said to have originated with one person；Anna, 7th Duchess of Bedford10. In the early 1800’s she launched11 the idea of having tea in the late afternoon to bridge the gap between luncheon anddinner, which in fashionable circles might not be served until 8 o'clock at night. This fashionable custom soon evolved into high tea among the working classes, where this late afternoon repast became the main meal of the day.Tea Gardens12 The popular pleasure gardens of Ranelagh and V auxhall in London began serving tea around 1730. An evening of dancing and watching fireworks would be capped" by tea. The concept caught on, and soon Tea Gardens opened all over Britain. Usually the gardens were opened on Saturday and Sunday，and an afternoon of entertainment and dancing would be highlighted by serving tea.Tea Shops This British establishment can be traced to one person. In 1864 the woman manager of the Aerated Bread Company began the custom of serving food and drink to her customers. Her best customers were favoured with tea. Soon everyone was asking for the same treatment. The concept of tea shops spread throughout Britain like wildfire, not in the least because tea shops provided a place where an unchaperoned14 woman could meet her friends and socialize without damage to her reputation.Tea and Pottery What connection，you might be excused for asking，does tea have with the growth of the British pottery industry? Simply this: tea in China was traditionally drunk from cups without handles. When tea became popular in Britain，there was a crying need for good cups with handles, to suit British habits. This made for tremendous growth in the pottery and porcelainindustry, and the prosperity of such companies as Wedgwood, Spode, and Royal Doulton.注释茶是英国人最喜欢的饮品，喜欢的程度远胜于咖啡；英国人平均每天饮3.5杯茶，工作时间一般都有tea break。

Unit_3_课文翻译 modified

UNIT 3全球化1．“全球化”—许多人似乎认为“全球化”意味着世界正在变成美国消费产品的殖民地。

可乐、美国有线电视新闻网、麦当劳、李维斯、还有耐克—即使它们还没有占领全球，而感觉却是快了。

（奇怪的是，日本虽然是全球第二大经济体，但我还没有听说哪个人因为买了索尼的产品或吃过寿司而认为这是全球日本化的阴谋的一部分。

）2．但是不管你是买进或卖出，在过去的20年中，世界经济的大部分都逐渐一体化，并且外方直接投资额的增长速度比国内总投资的增长速度快了三倍。

从1980年到1995年，世界贸易额迅速增加，全球出口总值从1980年的2万亿美元，增涨到1995年的约5.1万亿美元。

3．然而全球化现象不仅仅表现在货物的运输上。

价廉、无处不在的信息化技术的到来正在瓦解着我们的边界意识。

越来越多的电视频道和互联网形成了丹尼尔亚辛（Daniel Yergin）专家所称的“交织的世界”。

4．当我们谈论全球化的时候，我们是在设法定义一个各种文化互相接触，并且融合而不是互相冲突的世界。

因为当一种文化受到外部影响时，它会忽略一部分东西而接受另一部分东西，然后几乎是同时就开始对接受下来的东西加以改造。

5．洛杉矶的一位传媒教授诺曼凯灵（Norman Klein）评论到：“当事物变得更为全球化的时候，它们实际上正变得更为本地化了。

”大鸟在中国6．我曾经去了中国、印度以及洛杉矶，试图去感受一下这三个截然不同的地方全球化到底是什么样子。

我几乎立刻就意识到我当初的想法太狭隘、太陈旧，甚至可以说是完全错误的。

7．比如说，在过去的一年半时间里，中国上海的小朋友们一直在收看美国的经典儿童电视节目“Sesame Street”。

在这儿，这档节目被称作“芝麻街”。

但是如果你再深入观察就会发现这不是简单的美国节目。

节目组的演员和教育家们合作出品了一档弘扬中国文化价值观，而非美国价值观的节目。

孩子们很喜欢它。

8．资深节目制作人Cooper Wright从纽约打电话告诉我说：“中国人希望为孩子提供一个宽松而有趣的学习环境。

货代英语、外贸英语缩写

Unit 1Scope of Freight Forwarding Services freight forwarder 货运代理/货物代理人foreign exchange 外汇/外国汇票bills of lading 提单commission agent 委托代理人letter of credit 信用证customs clearance 清关special cargoes 特殊货物project cargoes 工程货物heavy crane 重吊customs terminal 海关站trade contract 贸易合同general cargo 杂货transit operations 运输过程Unit 2 Incoterms 2000-Six Major Trade Termsinland waterway transport 内河运输clear the goods for export 办理货物出口清关手续insurance policy 保险单insurance premium 保险费charges 费用port 港口point 点premise 所在地collection vehicle 提货的车辆be in conformity with 与---相符formalities 手续packing costs 包装费用transfer of risks 风险转移in accordance with 根据no obligation 无义务mode of transport 运输方式exchange control 外汇管制Unit 3 Terms of Shipment in the Contract for the International Sale of Goodsports of call 挂靠港/停靠港expiry date 有效期presentation of documents 交单partial shipments 分批装运shipping documents 装运单据/运输单据liner transport 班轮运输shipping by chartering 租船运输sailing schedule 船期表liner freight tariff 班轮运价表weight ton 重量吨measurement ton 尺码吨direct additional 直航附加费transshipment additional 转船附加费port additional 港口附加费port congestion surcharge 港口拥挤附加费alteration of destination additional 变更卸货港附加费deviation surcharge 绕航附加费optional additional 选卸附加费bunker surcharge 燃油附加费additional for excess of liability 超额责任附加费dispatch money 速遣费shipping space 舱位Unit 4 International Cargo Transportation Insuranceinsurance broker 保险经纪人in transit 运输中Particular Average 单独海损general average 共同海损partial loss 部分损失stranded vessel 搁浅船Free of Particular Average(FPA) 平安险（单独海损不赔）With Average/With Particular Average(WA/WPA) 水渍险All Risks(AR) 一切险War and Strikes, Riots and Civil Commotions 战争、罢工、暴动和民变（风险）bulk cargo 散货deductible franchise 绝对免赔额general cargo 杂货/普通货物inherent vice 内在缺陷/固有缺陷insurance fund 保险基金insurance company 保险公司insurance contract 保险合同insurance clauses 保险条款insurance period 保险期限insurance agent 保险代理人actual total loss 实际全损constructive total loss 推定全损force majeure 不可抗力full insurance 足额保险general average contribution 共同海损分摊marine insurance 海上保险notice of claim 索赔通知partial loss 部分损失perils of the sea 海上风险rate of premium 保险费率returns of premium 保险退费validity of policy 保险单的有效期valued policy 定值保险单voyage policy 航次保险单war risk 战争险wear and tear 自然磨损Unit 5 The Practice of International Ocean cargo Transportationinternational trade 国际贸易carriage of goods by sea 海上货物运输pattern of international trade 国际贸易方式shipping market 航运市场non-conference lines 非班轮公会航线non-vessel operating common carrier(NVOCC) 无营运船公共承运人tramp service 不定期船运输conference lines 班轮公会航线scheduled service 定期航运common carrier 公共承运人shipping conference 班轮公会freight rate 运费率supply and demand 供求bill of lading, B/L 提单sea waybill 海运单shipping note 托运单/装货通知单delivery order 提货单mate's receipts 大副收据/收货单contract of carriage 货物运输合同receipt for goods 货物收据document of title 物权凭证port authorities 港务局/港口主管机关shipping space 舱位liner service 班轮运输sailing schedule 船期表cargo seawothiness 适货shipowner 船舶所有人/船东ship operator 船舶经营人merchant ship 商船passenger ship 客船general cargo ship 杂货船oil tanker 油船container ship 集装箱船multipurpose cargo vessel 多用途船roll on/roll off ship or ro/ro ship 滚装船freight manifest 运费清单shipping order 装货单loading list or cargo list 装货清单dangerous cargo list 危险品清单damage cargo list 货物残损单cargo tracer 货物查询单actual carrier 实际承运人voyage charter 航次租船bareboat charter 光船租船cancelling date 解约日multimodal transportation 多式联运stowage plan 积载图notice of readiness 准备就绪通知书Unit 7 Chartering Shipping or Tramp Shippingen route 在途中port dues 港口费canal tolls 运河通行费light dues 灯标费harbour dues 港务费forwarding agent 货运代理人long term contract 长期合同external capital 外部投资方案2（一）船代Shipping agent 船舶代理Handling Agent 操作代理Booking Agent 订舱代理Cargo Canvassing 揽货FFF：Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金Brokerage / Commission 佣金（二）订舱Booking 订舱Booking Note 订舱单Booking Number 订舱号Dock Receipt 场站收据M/F (Manifest ) ：a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书PIC：Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员The said party 所涉及的一方On Board B/L：On Board提单 A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel。

货代常用中英文互译

SHIPPER---发货人... CONSIGNEE--收货人... 货代常用英文（一）船代Shipping agent 船舶代理Handling Agent 操作代理Booking Agent 订舱代理Cargo Canvassing 揽货FFF：Freight Forwarding Fee 货代佣金Brokerage / Commission 佣金（二）订舱Booking 订舱Booking Note 订舱单Booking Number 订舱号Dock Receipt 场站收据M/F (Manifest ) ：a manifest that lists only cargo, without freight and charges 舱单Cable/Telex Release 电放A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书PIC：Person in Charge 具体负责操作人员The said party 所涉及的一方On Board B/L：On Board提单A B/L in which a carrier acknowledges that goods have been placed on board a certain vessel。

Used to satisfy the requirements of a L/C Cancellation 退关箱（三）港口BP Base Port 基本港Prompt release 即时放行Transit time 航程时间/ 中转时间Cargo availability at destination in 货物运抵目的地Second Carrier （第）二程船In transit 中转Transportation hub 中转港（四）拖车Tractor 牵引车/拖头Low-bed 低平板车Trailer 拖车Transporter 拖车Trucking Company 车队（汽车运输公司）Axle load 轴负荷Tire-load 轮胎负荷Toll Gate 收费口（五）保税Bonded Area 保税区Bonded Goods ( Goods in Bond) 保税货物Bonded Warehouse 保税库Caged stored at bonded warehouse 进入海关监管Fork Lift 叉车Loading Platform 装卸平台（六）船期 A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班A fortnight sailing 双周班A bi-weekly sailing 周双班A monthly sailing 每月班On-schedule arrival / departure 准班抵离ETA ：Estimated(Expected) Time of Arrival 预计到达时间ETB：Estimated（Expected）Time of Berthing 预计靠泊时间ETD Estimated(Expected) Time of Departure 预计离泊时间The sailing Schedule/Vessels are subject to change without prior notice。

09年国际货运代理货代英语第十三章讲义（2）

⼆、合并运输⼈的⾝份(考试重点) 2-1 课⽂：as a consolidator, the freight forwarder will provide the service in his own name and issue a house bill of lading. 注释：provide: 提供 in one’s own name: 以⾃⼰的名义 issue: 签发 house bill of lading: 货代提单课⽂意思：作为合并运输⼈，货运代理⼈将以他⾃⼰的名义提供服务并签发货代提单。

2-2 课⽂：to the individual consignors, the consolidator is the carrier, while in his relationship with the actual carrier, he is the consignor. 注释：relationship: 关系，联系 actual: 实际的课⽂意思：就发货⼈⽽⾔，合并运输⼈是指承运⼈，⽽就其与实际承运⼈关系⽽⾔，他是发货⼈。

2-3 课⽂：the individual consignors and consignees do not deal directly with actual carrier. 注释：deal with：安排，处理，做⽣意 directly: 直接地课⽂意思：发货⼈和收货⼈不会直接与实际承运⼈联系。

2-4 课⽂：the consolidator buys shipping space “wholesale” from the actual carrier and sells it “retail” to the individual consignors. 注释：shipping space: 船位，舱位 wholesale: 批发 retail: 零售课⽂意思：合并运输⼈从实际承运⼈那⾥“批发”舱位并将这些舱位以“零售”的⽅式卖给发货⼈ 2-5 课⽂：in groupage transport, the forwarder acts as a sort of wholesaler by buying large amounts of space which are sold out in retail to his customers. 注释：groupage transport: 拼箱运输 a sort of: ⼀种 wholesaler: 批发商 large amounts of: ⼤量的 sell out: 出卖，出售，卖完 customer: 顾客课⽂意思：拼箱运输中，货运代理⼈类似于批发商，⼤量购买舱位并以零售的⽅式卖给他们的顾客。

物流英语Unit 3

第三单元运输 UNIT3 Transportation
ⅠWords 9. carrier（运货的）船、承运人 10. middleman中间人 11. freight forwarder货运代理 12. broker经纪人 13. zero inventory零库存 14. variable costs可变成本 15. transport rates运费费率 16. pricing 定价

三、语法:被动语态被动语态是由be+过去分词构成的,be随时态的变化而变化.
第三单元运输 UNIT3 Transportation
ຫໍສະໝຸດ 被动语态形式有以下几种: 1 、一般现在时: am/is/are+done(过去分词) Eg: Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2 、现在完成时: has/have been done Eg: All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we’re ready to start. 3 、现在进行时: am/is/are being done Eg: A new cinema is being built here. 4 、一般过去时: was/were done Eg: I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5 、过去完成时: had been done Eg: By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in beijing.

货代专业中英文术语(1)

货代专业中英文术语(1)1. 码头船期信息-V essel information from terminals2. 航次-V oyage3. 船东（船代）-Ship Owner4. 计划抵港日-Estimated Time Of Berthing5. 计划离港日-Estimated Time Of Departure6. 实际抵港日-Time Of Berthing7. 实际离港日-Time Of Departure8. 船公司船期动态信息-Sailing Information From Ship Owner9. 船经营人-Shipping Agency10. 航线代码-Line Code11. 承运人-Carrier12. 船舶及船期信息登记-Registered For Vessel Or Sailing Information13. 宁波港务局集装箱船截关-Vessel Plan in NingBo Port14. 出口集装箱进场信息-In-Gate Container of Exporting15. 集装箱海关放行信息-Container Passing Information•美国海关申报费ams fee = Automated Manifest System•海运燃油附加费baf =bunkering adjustment fee•并单费combination bill of lading fee•出口报关费export customs declaration fee•订舱费booking fee•包干费all in charges•保险费insurance premium•保证金deposit•仓储超期费warehouse overdue fee•仓储费warehouse storage fee•产地证certificate of original•卡车费trucking fee•冲港费special wharf charge•出口操作费export handing charges•重签费reseal fee•拆箱费devanning fee•查验费customs inspection fee•操作费handing charges•超重费over weight charges•堆存费overtime storage charges•目的港手续费destination delivery charges•代垫费用other charges•电放费surrender charges•到付佣金collect commission•地面服务费ground agent service fee•文件费document fee•待时费waiting fee•倒箱费exchange container fee•分单费house bill fee•附加费additional charges•放空费empty charge•发票费invoice charges•改单费amendment fee•关封费seal charge•改港费port name change charge•关税duty•换单费exchange d/o fee d/o= delivery order发货单，提货单•还箱费return container fee•海运费ocean freight•截关费cut of charge•加急报关费declaration surcharge•加急费emergency fee•落箱费discharge container fee•内陆包干费inland all in charge•内陆拖卡费inland trucking fee•输单费input data fee•商检换单费commercial exchange document fee•上下车费loading/unloading fee•提箱费pick up container fee货代术语(2)Carrier船公司NVOCC=non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier无船公共承运人Booking Sheet订舱单S/O=Shipping Order装货通知书Shipper发货人Exporter出口商Consignee收货人Notify Party通知人Port of Loading装运港Port of Discharge卸货港Place of Delivery交货地B/L=Bill of lading提单Original B/L正本提单Copy B／L副本提单Shipped on Board B/L已装船提单Received for Shipping B/L收迄待运提单或待运提单Direct B／L直达提单Through B L联运提单或称转船提单MT B/L Multimode Transport B/L多式联运提单Liner B/L班轮提单Clean B/L清洁提单Foul B/L不清洁提单House Bill of Lading货运提单M B/L= Master Bill of Lading船东提单M T/D Multimode Transport Document多式联运单据W/T= Weight Ton重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）M/T=Measurement Ton尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）W/M=Weightor Measurement ton即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费ETD=Estimated time of departure预计开船时间ETA =Estimated time of arrival预计到达时间贷代专业术语(3) a-y 排列有重复A/W 全水路All WaterB/L 海运提单Bill of LadingB/R 买价Buying RateBAF 燃油附加费Bunkering Adjustment Fee /Fuel SurchargeC&F 成本加(海)运费Cost and FreightC.C 运费到付CollectC.S.C 货柜服务费Container Service ChargeC.Y. 货柜场Container YardC/（CNEE）收货人ConsigneeC/O 产地证Certificate of OriginCAF 货币汇率附加费Currency Adjustment FactorCFS 散货仓库Container Freight StationCFS/CFS 散装交货（起点/终点）CHB 报关行Customs House Broker/Customs BrokerCIF 成本，保险加海运费Cost，Insurance，FreightCIP 运费、保险费付至目的地Carriage and Insurance Paid ToCOMM 商品CommodityCPT 运费付至目的地Carriage Paid ToCTNR 柜子ContainerCY/CY 整柜交货（起点/终点）D/A 承兑交单Document Against AcceptanceD/O 到港通知Delivery OrderD/P 付款交单Document Against PaymentD/R 场站收据DOCK RECEIPTDAF 边境交货Delivered At FrontierDDC 目的港码头费Destination Delivery ChargeDDP 完税后交货Delivered Duty PaidDDU 未完税交货Delivered Duty UnpaidDEQ 目的港码头交货Delivered Ex QuayDES 目的港船上交货Delivered Ex ShipDoc# 文件号码Document NumberEPS 设备位置附加费Equipment Position SurchargesEx 工厂交货Work/Ex FactoryF/F 货运代理Freight ForwarderFAF 燃油价调整附加费（日本航线专用）Fuel Adjustment FactorFAK 各种货品Freight All KindFAS 装运港船边交货Free Alongside ShipFCA 货交承运人Free CarrierFCL 整柜Full Container LoadFeeder Vessel/Lighter 驳船航次FEU 40‘柜型Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’FMC 联邦海事委员会Federal Maritime CommissionFOB 船上交货Free On BoardGRI 全面涨价General Rate IncreaseH/C 代理费Handling ChargeHBL 子提单House B/LI/S 内销售Inside SalesIA 各别调价Independent ActionL/C 信用证Letter of CreditLand Bridge 陆桥LCL 拼柜Less Than Container LoadM/T 尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）Measurement TonMB/L 主提单Master Bill Of LoadingMLB 小路桥，自一港到另一港口Mini Land Bridge小路桥运输，是指货物用国际标准规格集装箱为容器，是通过海、陆运输方式将集装箱货物先运至日本港口，再转运至美国西海岸港口，卸船后再由西部港口换装铁路集装箱专列或汽车运抵美国东部港口或加勒比海港口区域以及相反方向的运输。

unit3词汇、词组物流英语

Unit Three一、word1、value：n. 价值，价格2、utility n. 效用；功用；实用adj. 实用的；通用的；有多种用途的3、vendor: n. 卖主；小贩[贸易] 自动售货机4、element: n. 元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境5、specialization n. 专门化；特殊化6、route n. 路线；航线；通道7、artificially adv.人工地；人为地二、Phrase1、physical link 实体链接2、logistics supply chain 物流供应链3、fixed point 固定点4、logistic pipeline 物流途径5、bridge a/the gap 缩短…的距离6、value added 附加价值7、transportation cost 运输成本8、spend……on ：在……上花费9、inventory carrying ：存货持有10、cost-service: 成本11、trade-off: n. 交换，交易；权衡；协定12、cost-service trade-off 成本与服务折衷13、meet demand 满足需求14、at the expense ……的费用15、the terminal 结点16、motive power unit 动力装置17、the way route 运输路径18、a combination of…. 与…相结合19、transport chain 运输链20、essential elements 基本要素补充资料：Airfreight 空运Oceanfreight 海运Online quotation-request form 在线报价询问表Process the order 履行订单Puzzle 智力拼版Allowance 容差Density 密度Check out 结算Postcode 邮编Hazardous 危险的。

货运代理术语中英互译

货运代理术语中英互译店铺为大家整理了货运代理术语中英互译，一起来学习吧!港口附加费：port surcharge分拔费：break-bulk fee力资费：labor charge分流费/场站费：CY charge (container yard charge)送货费：delivery charge上下车费：lift on and lift off charge通关点使用费：bonded area charge换单费/抽单费： D/O fee delivery order上海港THC：THC in Shanghai port舱单更改费：manifest modified fee三检费：commodity inspection fee, plant and animals quarantine fee报检预录费：inspection declaration sheet input fee通关单单证费：transfer fee通关单预录费：input fee of inspection and quarantine transfer通关单代办费：quarantine transfer sheet charge商品检验费：commodity inspection fee箱体消毒费：container antisepsis fee箱检费：container inspection fee箱体封识费：container seal fee货物消毒费：goods sterilize fee动检费：animals quarantine fee动检场地费：site fee of animals quantine卫检费：hygiene inspection fee卫检场地费：site fee of hygiene inspection熏蒸费：fumigation charge报关费：customs declaration fee报关单预录费：input fee of customs pre-declaration 报关代理费：customs declaration handling fee舱单预录费：manifest input fee查验费：customs inspection fee查验开箱费：container open fee in inspection查验吊箱费：container sling fee in inspection查验称重费：weight fee in inspection查验掏箱费：goods take-out fee in inspection转关代理费：customs transfer handling fee退单费：shut-out fee拼单费：combine customs declaration sheet fee滞报金：declaration demurrage duty滞纳金：demurrage duty国内运输费：trucking fee港杂费：port sundries提货费：pick-up charges汽代费：truck agent fee理货费：tally fee园区卡口费：gate charge修污箱费：repair contaminated container fee疏港费：port demurrage charge超期租箱费：container overtime used fee危险品提货费：pick-up charges for DGR cargo保险费：insurance仓储费：warehouse charge拆箱费：CFS charge堆存费：storage charge at container yard装卸作业费：loading and unloading charge海运费：ocean freight包干费：lump sum charge代理费：handling fee代收杂费：collected sundry fee到付运费：collected freight免表代办费：charge for handling certificate of imposing import duty免表输机费：chare of input certificate of imposing import duty年审费：annual auditing fee by customs特种箱作业费：particular container operating charge备案费：annual auditing memo fee快递费：express fee佣金：commission机场杂费：terminal charges短驳费：extra movement charge实报实销：at cost散货：LCL (less than container loading)柜货：FCL (full container loading)航空燃油附加费：FSC (fuel surcharge)航空安全附加费/战险：SC (security surcharge)航程：transit time拼柜费：stuffing charge拆柜费：unstuffing charge燃料调整因素：BAF (bunker adjustment factor)币值调整因素：CAF (currency adjustment factor)日元增值附加费：YAS (Yen appreciation surcharge)旺季燃料附加费：EBS (emergency bunker surcharge)集装箱申请费：CHC (container handling charge)送货签收单：POD (proof of delivery)旺季附加费：PSS (peak season surcharge)20’标箱：TEU (twenty equivalent unit) 增值税：VAT (value added tax)关税：duty超重费：overweight fee加班费：overtime fee过夜费：overnight charge放空费：consignment canceling charge 设施保安费：port security charge三方物流：The third party logistics卡车费：cartage / trucking fee。

货代专业中英文术语(1)

货代专业中英文术语(1)1. 码头船期信息-V essel information from terminals2. 航次-V oyage3. 船东（船代）-Ship Owner4. 计划抵港日-Estimated Time Of Berthing5. 计划离港日-Estimated Time Of Departure6. 实际抵港日-Time Of Berthing7. 实际离港日-Time Of Departure8. 船公司船期动态信息-Sailing Information From Ship Owner9. 船经营人-Shipping Agency10. 航线代码-Line Code11. 承运人-Carrier12. 船舶及船期信息登记-Registered For Vessel Or Sailing Information13. 宁波港务局集装箱船截关-Vessel Plan in NingBo Port14. 出口集装箱进场信息-In-Gate Container of Exporting15. 集装箱海关放行信息-Container Passing Information•美国海关申报费ams fee•海运燃油附加费baf•并单费combinaton bill of lading fee•出口报关费export customs declaration fee•订舱费booking fee•包干费all in charges•保险费insurance premium•保证金deposit•仓储超期费warehouse overdue fee•仓储费warehouse storage fee•产地证certificate of original•卡车费frucking fee•冲港费special wharf charge•出口操作费export handing charges•重签费reseal fee•拆箱费devanning fee•查验费customs inspection fee•操作费handing charges•超重费over weight charges•堆存费overtime strage charges•目的港手续费destination delivery charges•代垫费用other charges•电放费surrender charges•到付佣金collect commission•地面服务费ground agent service fee•文件费document fee•待时费waiting fee•倒箱费exchange container fee•分单费house bill fee•附加费additional charges•放空费empty charge•发票费invoice charges•改单费amendment fee•关封费seal charge•改港费port name change charge•关税duty•换单费exchange d/o fee•还箱费return container fee•海运费ocean freight•截关费cut of charge•加急报关费declaration surcharge•加急费emergency fee•落箱费discharge container fee•内陆包干费inland aii in charge•内陆拖卡费inland trucking fee•输单费imput data fee•商检换单费commercial exchange doc fee•up and down fee•上下车费return docs fee•提箱费pick up container fee货代术语(2)Carrier船公司N VOCC N on VesselO peratingComm on Carrier无船公共承运人BookingSheet订舱单S O ShippingO rder装货通知书Shipper发货人Exporter出口商Consignee收货人NotifyParty通知人Portof Loading装运港Portof Discharge卸货港Placeof Delivery交货地B L Billoflading提单O riginalBL正本提单Copy B／L副本提单Shipped on Board B L已装船提单ReceivedforShipping B L收迄待运提单或待运提单D irectB／L直达提单Through B L联运提单或称转船提单M T B／L M ultimodeTransportB／L多式联运提单LinerB／L班轮提单Clean B L清洁提单FoulB L不清洁提单H ouseBillof Lading货运提单M B L M asterBillofLading船东提单M TD M ultimodeTransportD ocument多式联运单据W／T W eightTon重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）M／T M easurementTon尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）W／M W eightorM easurementton即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费ETD Estimatedtimeof departure预计开船时间ETA Estimatedtimeofarrival预计到达时间贷代专业术语(3) a-y 排列有重复A/W 全水路All WaterB/L 海运提单Bill of LadingB/R 买价Buying RateBAF 燃油附加费Bunker Adjustment FactorC&F 成本加(海)运费Cost and FreightC.C 运费到付CollectC.S.C 货柜服务费Container Service ChargeC.Y. 货柜场Container YardC/（CNEE）收货人ConsigneeC/O 产地证Certificate of OriginCAF 货币汇率附加费Currency Adjustment FactorCFS 散货仓库Container Freight StationCFS/CFS 散装交货（起点/终点）CHB 报关行Customs House BrokerCIF 成本，保险加海运费Cost，Insurance，FreightCIP 运费、保险费付至目的地Carriage and Insurance Paid ToCOMM 商品CommodityCPT 运费付至目的地Carriage Paid ToCTNR 柜子ContainerCY/CY 整柜交货（起点/终点）D/A 承兑交单Document Against AcceptanceD/O 到港通知Delivery OrderD/P 付款交单Document Against PaymentD/R 场站收据DOCK RECEIPTDAF 边境交货Delivered At FrontierDDC 目的港码头费Destination Delivery ChargeDDP 完税后交货Delivered Duty PaidDDU 未完税交货Delivered Duty UnpaidDEQ 目的港码头交货Delivered Ex QuayDES 目的港船上交货Delivered Ex ShipDoc# 文件号码Document NumberEPS 设备位置附加费Equipment Position SurchargesEx 工厂交货Work/Ex FactoryF/F 货运代理Freight ForwarderFAF 燃油价调整附加费（日本航线专用）Fuel Adjustment Factor FAK 各种货品Freight All KindFAS 装运港船边交货Free Alongside ShipFCA 货交承运人Free CarrierFCL 整柜Full Container LoadFeeder Vessel/Lighter 驳船航次FEU 40‘柜型Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’FMC 联邦海事委员会Federal Maritime CommissionFOB 船上交货Free On BoardGRI 全面涨价General Rate IncreaseH/C 代理费Handling ChargeHBL 子提单House B/LI/S 内销售Inside SalesIA 各别调价Independent ActionL/C 信用证Letter of CreditLand Bridge 陆桥LCL 拼柜Less Than Container LoadM/T 尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）Measurement TonMB/L 主提单Master Bill Of LoadingMLB 小陆桥，自一港到另一港口Minni Land BridgeMother Vessel 主线船MTD 多式联运单据Multimodal Transport DocumentN/F 通知人NotifyNVOCC 无船承运人Non Vessel Operating Common CarrierO/F 海运费Ocean FreightOBL 海运提单Ocean （or Oiginal ）B/LOCP 货主自行安排运到内陆点Overland Continental PointOP 操作OperationORC 本地收货费用（广东省收取）Origen Recevie ChargesP.P 预付PrepaidPCS 港口拥挤附加费Port Congestion SurchargePOD 目地港Port of DestinationPOL 装运港Port of LoadingPSS 旺季附加费Peak Season SurchargesS/（Shpr）发货人ShipperS/C 售货合同Sales ContractS/O 装货指示书Shipping OrderS/R 卖价Selling RateS/S Spread Sheet Spread SheetSC 服务合同Service ContractSSL 船公司Steam Ship LineT.O.C 码头操作费Terminal Operations OptionT.R.C 码头收柜费Terminal Receiving ChargeT/S 转船，转运Transit-ShipT/T 航程Transit TimeTEU 20‘柜型Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’THC 码头操作费（香港收取）Terminal Handling ChargesTTL 总共TotalsTVC/ TVR 定期定量合同Time V olume Contract/ RateVOCC 船公司Vessel Operating Common CarrierW/M 即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费Weight or Measurement ton W/T 重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）Weight TonYAS 码头附加费Yard Surcharg集装箱术语缩写Poster：geluesiLCL LessThan ContainerLoad拼箱40 HC 40 H igh Cubic 40柜40 HR F 40 H igh Refrigerator 40冻柜G.C GeneralCargo普通柜S.H Sem i Hazardous半危险品H.Z H azardous危险品O／T O penTop开顶柜F R Flatrack R.F R efrigerator冻柜CY ContainerYard集装箱堆场CFS ContainerFreightStation集装箱处理站TEU Twenty feetEquivalentUnits 20尺集装箱FEU Forty feetEquivalentU nits 40尺集装箱A／W AllW ater全水路。

国际货运代理专业英语,2009年版课文翻译

第一单元国际贸易1.定义及重要性国际贸易是很重要的。

国际贸易是资金，物品和服务通过国际边境或边疆地区的交换。

在大多数国家，它代表国内生产总值的很大份额。

然而国际贸易历尽昔日蹉跎，它的经济，社会，政治的重要性在最近世纪已经上升。

工业化，先进的运输系统，全球化，跨国公司，外包在国际贸易组织中都有很重要的影响。

渐增的国际贸易成为全球化继续进行的决定性因素。

国际贸易是任何一个被认为是世界强国的国家（地区）的经济利益的主要来源。

没有国际贸易，国家将会把货物和服务的生产制造限制在自己的边界范围内。

2.国际贸易与国内贸易间的区别国际贸易通常是比国内贸易更昂贵的。

理由是通常越过国有的边界涉及附加成本例如关税，由于边界的时间的费用拖延，与国家区别相关花费例如语言，法律系统，或一种不同文化。

国际贸易与国内贸易间的另一个区别是生产要素，例如，资本和劳动力等生产要素跨越国界，在一个国家内通常移动的更多比国家与国家之间。

因此，国际贸易主要限制在货物和服务贸易。

然后，在商品和服务贸易，可以作为生产要素的替代品贸易。

进口生产要素，而不是一个国家的进口货物，使生产要素的集约利用，从而体现了各自的因素。

一个例子是由美国从中国进口劳动密集型商品。

进口中国的劳动力，而不是美国从中国进口商品与中国劳动生产。

3.国际贸易风险在多边贸易中有一些风险。

他们主要包括经济风险和政治危机。

经济风险包括买主的破产的风险；支付数量的应得物的买主的故障的风险中在到期日后六月；出口的非更新的风险批准；战争冒险；征用或进口商的公司的没收的风险；一个进口禁令的强迫接受的风险在货物的发货之后；在一个进口商的公司上的政党的转移风险强迫接受。

4.世界贸易组织世界贸易组织最好地被描述为一个伞式组织正在来自多边贸易谈判的乌拉圭回合的协议哪个被收集。

世界贸易组织因此服务四基本功能:(1) 实施，管理，执行世界贸易组织协议和其附件，(2) 为正在进行多边贸易谈判按照一个论坛行事，(3) 为了解决争议担任一个仲裁法庭，(4) 查看贸易政策和成员的练习陈述。

货代专业中英文术语(1)

货代专业中英文术语(1)1. 码头船期信息-V essel information from terminals2. 航次-V oyage3. 船东（船代）-Ship Owner4. 计划抵港日-Estimated Time Of Berthing5. 计划离港日-Estimated Time Of Departure6. 实际抵港日-Time Of Berthing7. 实际离港日-Time Of Departure8. 船公司船期动态信息-Sailing Information From Ship Owner9. 船经营人-Shipping Agency10. 航线代码-Line Code11. 承运人-Carrier12. 船舶及船期信息登记-Registered For Vessel Or Sailing Information13. 宁波港务局集装箱船截关-Vessel Plan in NingBo Port14. 出口集装箱进场信息-In-Gate Container of Exporting15. 集装箱海关放行信息-Container Passing Information•美国海关申报费ams fee•海运燃油附加费baf•并单费combinaton bill of lading fee•出口报关费export customs declaration fee•订舱费booking fee•包干费all in charges•保险费insurance premium•保证金deposit•仓储超期费warehouse overdue fee•仓储费warehouse storage fee•产地证certificate of original•卡车费frucking fee•冲港费special wharf charge•出口操作费export handing charges•重签费reseal fee•拆箱费devanning fee•查验费customs inspection fee•操作费handing charges•超重费over weight charges•堆存费overtime strage charges•目的港手续费destination delivery charges•代垫费用other charges•电放费surrender charges•到付佣金collect commission•地面服务费ground agent service fee•文件费document fee•待时费waiting fee•倒箱费exchange container fee•分单费house bill fee•附加费additional charges•放空费empty charge•发票费invoice charges•改单费amendment fee•关封费seal charge•改港费port name change charge•关税duty•换单费exchange d/o fee•还箱费return container fee•海运费ocean freight•截关费cut of charge•加急报关费declaration surcharge•加急费emergency fee•落箱费discharge container fee•内陆包干费inland aii in charge•内陆拖卡费inland trucking fee•输单费imput data fee•商检换单费commercial exchange doc fee•up and down fee•上下车费return docs fee•提箱费pick up container fee货代术语(2)Carrier船公司N VOCC N on VesselO peratingComm on Carrier无船公共承运人BookingSheet订舱单S O ShippingO rder装货通知书Shipper发货人Exporter出口商Consignee收货人NotifyParty通知人Portof Loading装运港Portof Discharge卸货港Placeof Delivery交货地B L Billoflading提单O riginalBL正本提单Copy B／L副本提单Shipped on Board B L已装船提单ReceivedforShipping B L收迄待运提单或待运提单D irectB／L直达提单Through B L联运提单或称转船提单M T B／L M ultimodeTransportB／L多式联运提单LinerB／L班轮提单Clean B L清洁提单FoulB L不清洁提单H ouseBillof Lading货运提单M B L M asterBillofLading船东提单M TD M ultimodeTransportD ocument多式联运单据W／T W eightTon重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）M／T M easurementTon尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）W／M W eightorM easurementton即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费ETD Estimatedtimeof departure预计开船时间ETA Estimatedtimeofarrival预计到达时间贷代专业术语(3) a-y 排列有重复A/W 全水路All WaterB/L 海运提单Bill of LadingB/R 买价Buying RateBAF 燃油附加费Bunker Adjustment FactorC&F 成本加(海)运费Cost and FreightC.C 运费到付CollectC.S.C 货柜服务费Container Service ChargeC.Y. 货柜场Container YardC/（CNEE）收货人ConsigneeC/O 产地证Certificate of OriginCAF 货币汇率附加费Currency Adjustment FactorCFS 散货仓库Container Freight StationCFS/CFS 散装交货（起点/终点）CHB 报关行Customs House BrokerCIF 成本，保险加海运费Cost，Insurance，FreightCIP 运费、保险费付至目的地Carriage and Insurance Paid ToCOMM 商品CommodityCPT 运费付至目的地Carriage Paid ToCTNR 柜子ContainerCY/CY 整柜交货（起点/终点）D/A 承兑交单Document Against AcceptanceD/O 到港通知Delivery OrderD/P 付款交单Document Against PaymentD/R 场站收据DOCK RECEIPTDAF 边境交货Delivered At FrontierDDC 目的港码头费Destination Delivery ChargeDDP 完税后交货Delivered Duty PaidDDU 未完税交货Delivered Duty UnpaidDEQ 目的港码头交货Delivered Ex QuayDES 目的港船上交货Delivered Ex ShipDoc# 文件号码Document NumberEPS 设备位置附加费Equipment Position SurchargesEx 工厂交货Work/Ex FactoryF/F 货运代理Freight ForwarderFAF 燃油价调整附加费（日本航线专用）Fuel Adjustment Factor FAK 各种货品Freight All KindFAS 装运港船边交货Free Alongside ShipFCA 货交承运人Free CarrierFCL 整柜Full Container LoadFeeder Vessel/Lighter 驳船航次FEU 40‘柜型Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit 40’FMC 联邦海事委员会Federal Maritime CommissionFOB 船上交货Free On BoardGRI 全面涨价General Rate IncreaseH/C 代理费Handling ChargeHBL 子提单House B/LI/S 内销售Inside SalesIA 各别调价Independent ActionL/C 信用证Letter of CreditLand Bridge 陆桥LCL 拼柜Less Than Container LoadM/T 尺码吨（即货物收费以尺码计费）Measurement TonMB/L 主提单Master Bill Of LoadingMLB 小陆桥，自一港到另一港口Minni Land BridgeMother Vessel 主线船MTD 多式联运单据Multimodal Transport DocumentN/F 通知人NotifyNVOCC 无船承运人Non Vessel Operating Common CarrierO/F 海运费Ocean FreightOBL 海运提单Ocean （or Oiginal ）B/LOCP 货主自行安排运到内陆点Overland Continental PointOP 操作OperationORC 本地收货费用（广东省收取）Origen Recevie ChargesP.P 预付PrepaidPCS 港口拥挤附加费Port Congestion SurchargePOD 目地港Port of DestinationPOL 装运港Port of LoadingPSS 旺季附加费Peak Season SurchargesS/（Shpr）发货人ShipperS/C 售货合同Sales ContractS/O 装货指示书Shipping OrderS/R 卖价Selling RateS/S Spread Sheet Spread SheetSC 服务合同Service ContractSSL 船公司Steam Ship LineT.O.C 码头操作费Terminal Operations OptionT.R.C 码头收柜费Terminal Receiving ChargeT/S 转船，转运Transit-ShipT/T 航程Transit TimeTEU 20‘柜型Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit 20’THC 码头操作费（香港收取）Terminal Handling ChargesTTL 总共TotalsTVC/ TVR 定期定量合同Time V olume Contract/ RateVOCC 船公司Vessel Operating Common CarrierW/M 即以重量吨或者尺码吨中从高收费Weight or Measurement ton W/T 重量吨（即货物收费以重量计费）Weight TonYAS 码头附加费Yard Surcharg集装箱术语缩写Poster：geluesiLCL LessThan ContainerLoad拼箱40 HC 40 H igh Cubic 40柜40 HR F 40 H igh Refrigerator 40冻柜G.C GeneralCargo普通柜S.H Sem i Hazardous半危险品H.Z H azardous危险品O／T O penTop开顶柜F R Flatrack R.F R efrigerator冻柜CY ContainerYard集装箱堆场CFS ContainerFreightStation集装箱处理站TEU Twenty feetEquivalentUnits 20尺集装箱FEU Forty feetEquivalentU nits 40尺集装箱A／W AllW ater全水路。

物流英语 Unit 3

Unit 3
Transportation
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Text 1 JIT
Jim is president of a medium-sized firm that makes minimotor homes in Michigan. The firm has expanded from a local Midwest market to a national one. As markets have expanded, so too have sources of supply for the company, with major suppliers located in Southern California, the Pacific Northwest, and Michigan. He decided to found the company here because the largest single component of the mini—the truck or van chassis upon which the rest of the vehicle is built—is purchased from one of the US light truck makers in Michigan. 吉姆是一个中型公司的总裁使微型家庭在密歇根州。该公司已从一个国家当地中西部市场。随着市场的扩大,也为公司供应的来源,与主要供应商位于南加州,太平洋西北地区,和密歇根州。他决定找到这里的公司因为 mini-the 卡车或货车底盘的最大组成部分 , 其余的车辆建立是购自美国轻型卡车制造商之一密歇根。
International transportation is an area of growing interest and concern to the logistician. The transportation equipment is the same as that used domestically, with the exception that certain elements of the transport system have become more important. For example, containerization is popular in international movement. The user of the international transportation system may feel over-whelmed by the increased documentation, by differences in carrier liability, by various customs procedures and the use of foreign trade zones. Fortunately, there exist middlemen, agents, freight forwarders, and brokers to assist the shipper with international movement. 国际运输是一个后勤人员日益增长的兴趣和关注的领域。运输设备是一样的, 在国内,除了某些元素的交通系统变得更加重要。例如,集装箱化在国际运动很受欢迎。国际运输系统的用户可能会觉得over-whelmed增加文档,由承运人责任的差异 ,不同的海关程序和对外贸易区域的使用。幸运的是,存在中间商、代理商、货代,和经纪人协助托运人与国际运动。

Unit 3 A Hanging 课文翻译

Unit 3A HangingA HANGINGGeorge Orwell1. It was in Burma, a sodden morning of the rains. We were waiting outside the condemned cells, a row of sheds fronted with double bars, like small animal cages. Each cell measured about ten feet by ten and was quite bare within except for a plank bed and a pot for drinking water. In some of them brown silent men were squatting at the inner bars, with their blankets draped round them. These were the condemned men, due to be hanged within the next week or two.Detailed Reading2. One prisoner had been brought out of his cell. He was a Hindu, a puny wisp of a man, with a shaven head and vague liquid eyes. Six tall Indian warders were guarding him and getting him ready for the gallows. Two of them stood by with rifles and fixed bayonets, while the others handcuffed him, passed a chain through his handcuffs and fixed it to their belts, and lashed his arms tightly to his sides. They crowded very close about him, with their hands always on him in a careful, caressing grip, as though all the while feeling him to make sure he was there. But he stood quite unresisting, yielding his arms limply to the ropes, as though he hardly noticed what was happening.3. Eight o'clock struck and a bugle call floated from the distant barracks. The superintendent of the jail, who was standing apart from the rest of us, moodily prodding the gravel with his stick, raised his head at the sound. "For God's sake hurry up, Francis," he said irritably. "The man ought to have been dead by this time. Aren't you ready yet?"4. Francis, the head jailer, a fat Dravidian in a white drill suit and gold spectacles, waved his black hand. "Yes sir, yes sir," he bubbled. "All is satisfactorily prepared. The hangman is waiting. We shall proceed."5. "Well, quick march, then. The prisoners can't get their breakfast till this job's over."6. We set out for the gallows. Two warders marched on either side of the prisoner, with their rifles at the slope; two others marched close against him, gripping him by arm and shoulder, as though at once pushing and supporting him. The rest of us, magistrates and the like, followed behind.7. It was about forty yards to the gallows. I watched the bare brown back of the prisoner marching in front of me. He walked clumsily with his bound arms, but quite steadily. At each step his muscles slid neatly into place, the lock of hair on his scalp danced up and down, his feet printed themselves on the wet gravel. And once, in spite of the men whogripped him by each shoulder, he stepped slightly aside to avoid a puddle on the path.8. It is curious, but till that moment I had never realized what it means to destroy a healthy, conscious man. When I saw the prisoner step aside to avoid the puddle I saw the mystery, the unspeakable wrongness, of cutting a life short when it is in full tide. This man was not dying, he was alive just as we are alive. All the organs of his body were working -- bowels digesting food, skin renewing itself, nails growing, tissues forming -- all toiling away in solemn foolery. His nails would still be growing when he stood on the drop, when he was falling through the air with a tenth of a second to live. His eyes saw the yellow gravel and the gray walls, and his brain still remembered, foresaw, reasoned -- reasoned even about puddles. He and we were a party of men walking together, seeing, hearing, feeling, understanding the same world; and in two minutes, with a sudden snap, one of us would be gone -- one mind less, one world less.9. The gallows stood in a small yard. The hangman, a gray-haired convict in the white uniform of the prison, was waiting beside his machine. He greeted us with a servile crouch as we entered. At a word from Francis the two warders, gripping the prisoner more closely than ever, half led half pushed him to the gallows and helped him clumsily up the ladder. Then the hangman climbed up and fixed the rope around the prisoner's neck.10. We stood waiting, five yards away. The warders had formed a rough circle round the gallows. And then, when the noose was fixed, the prisoner began crying out to his god. It was a high, reiterated cry of "Ram! Ram! Ram! Ram!" not urgent and fearful like a prayer or a cry for help, but steady, rhythmical, almost like the tolling of a bell.11. The hangman climbed down and stood ready, holding the lever. Minutes seemed to pass. The steady crying from the prisoner went on and on, "Ram! Ram! Ram!" never faltering for an instant. The superintendent, his head on his chest, was slowly poking the ground with his stick; perhaps he was counting the cries, allowing the prisoner a fixed number -- fifty, perhaps, or a hundred. Everyone had changed color. The Indians had gone gray like bad coffee, and one or two of the bayonets were wavering.12. Suddenly the superintendent made up his mind. Throwing up his head he made a swift motion with his stick. "Chalo!" he shouted almost fiercely.13. There was a clanking noise, and then dead silence. The prisoner had vanished, and the rope was twisting on itself. We went round the gallows to inspect the prisoner's body. He was dangling with his toes pointing straight downward. Very slowly revolving, as dead as a stone.14. The superintendent reached out with his stick and poked the bare brown body; it oscillated slightly. "He's all right," said the superintendent. He backed out from under the gallows, and blew out a deep breath. The moody look had gone out of his face quite suddenly. He glanced at his wrist watch. "Eight minutes past eight. Well, that's all for this morning, thank God."15. The warders unfixed bayonets and marched away. We walked out of the gallows yard, past the condemned cells with their waiting prisoners, into the big central yard of the prison. The convicts were already receiving their breakfast. They squatted in long rows, each man holding a tin pannikin, while two warders with buckets march round ladling out rice; it seemed quite a homely, jolly scene, after the hanging. An enormous relief had come upon us now that the job was done. One felt an impulse to sing, to break into a run, to snigger. All at once everyone began chattering gaily.16. The Eurasian boy walking beside me nodded toward the way we had come, with a knowing smile, "Do you know sir, our friend (he meant the dead man) when he heard his appeal had been dismissed, he pissed on the floor of his cell. From fright. Kindly take one of my cigarettes, sir. Do you not admire my new silver case, sir? Classy European style."17. Several people laughed -- at what, nobody seemed certain.18. Francis was walking by the superintendent, talking garrulously, "Well, sir, all has passed off with the utmost satisfactoriness. It was all finished -- flick! Like that. It is not always so -- oah no! I have known cases where the doctor was obliged to go beneath the gallows and pull the prisoner's legs to ensure decease. Most disagreeable."19. "Wriggling about, eh? That's bad," said the superintendent.20. "Ach, sir, it is worse when they become refractory! One man, I recall, clung to the bars of his cage when we went to take him out. You will scarcely credit, sir, that it took six warders to dislodge him, three pulling at each leg."21. I found that I was laughing quite loudly. Everyone was laughing. Even the superintendent grinned in a tolerant way. "You'd better all come and have a drink," he said quite genially. "I've got a bottle of whiskey in the car. We could do with it."22. We went through the big double gates of the prison into the road. "Pulling at his legs!" exclaimed a Burmese magistrate suddenly, and burst into a loud chuckling. We all began laughing again. At that moment Francis' anecdote seemed extraordinarily funny. We all had a drink together, native and European alike, quite amicably. The dead man was a hundred yards away.1. 那是发生在缅甸的事情。

考研英语2009年 TEXT3 阅读翻译

电商物流英语课文翻译Unit 3

Unit 3 Counter-offer
Reading
还盘
在国际贸易中，当被要约人接受要约的条件时，交易即成立。

然而，在大多数情况下，被要约人会拒绝接受这些条款或条件，或在答复中陈述他自己的条款或条件。

被要约人对要约的拒绝或部分拒绝被称为还盘。

它实际上是原被要约人提出的反要约。

在还盘中，买方可以表达对价格、包装或装运的不同意，并陈述自己的条款。

还盘一经发出，原要约即失效，当还盘成为新的要约时，被要约人成为要约人。

还盘是由受盘人向发盘人发出的报盘,接受一些条款，要求更改其他条款。

实际上，还盘是一项新的报盘。

当它被发出时，原来的报盘便失效。

买方可以就价格或包装、装运提出异议，表明自己的立场。

这些变更就表明生意需要在新的基础上进行协商。

在还盘时,还盘人应该表示抱歉并说明不能接受的理由。

同时，他应该提醒对方将来双方还有合作的机会。

还盘是商务谈判的主要部分。

在谈判过程中，许多问题(如货物的质量、数量、包装、价格、装运、保险、付款条件、商检、争议及争议的解决、不可抗力仲裁等)将由买卖双方进行谈判。

所以还盘通常是耗时的，而且在交易结束或放弃之前可能要经过很多回合。