国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)-期末复习
商务英语阅读期末复习提要
《商务英语阅读》期末复习提要本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和课程终结考试。
课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占40%，课程终结考试占60%。
形式为闭卷，笔答。
由省电大统一命题。
本次考试的题型、分值比例如下：Ⅰ. Multiple choice (20 points, 2 points for each)1. Accounting firms frequently __B__ their audit clients.A. buy management skills fromB. sell consulting services toC. provide audit assignment for2. People can buy stocks from ____B__.A. a secured marketB. securities marketsC. financial markets3. Real property is land and anything permanently attached to it. “It” here means ___C___.A. the propertyB. the owner of the landC. land4. We have a ____A____ to shared prosperity.A. commitmentB. commissionC. competition5. Businesses established in foreign countries should contribute to the social_ C__ of thosecountries.A. advancesB. advantageC. advancementⅡ. Match (10 points, 1 point for each)Section AChoose the correct word or words from the box to complete the passage:Choose the correct word or words from the box to complete the passagerejuvenating lead improvespending up persist in subordinated toIn leading the cause of socialism, the Communist Party of China must persist in taking economic development as the central task, making all other work subordinated to and serve this central task. We must lose no time in spending up economic development, implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and that of sustainable development, give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force. We must take advantage of the advancement of science and technology to improve the quality of workers and work hard to push forward the economy with good results, high quality and high speed.Section BChoose the correct word or words from the box to complete the following sentences: Internet technologies studymargin discount profit6. Marketing is about meeting consumer needs at a __profit_____.7. Economics is the study of how wealth is created and distributed.8. E-business is about transforming business processes and integrating them with Internet technologies9. Selling something at a reduced price is called giving a discount.10. The difference between costs and selling prices is the _ margin ________.Ⅲ. Reading comprehension (45 points, 3 points)Manners and CustomsChanges occurring in manners and customs must be carefully monitored, especially in cases that seem to indicate a narrowing of cultural differences among peoples. Phenomena such as McDonal d’s and Coke Cola have met with success around the world, but this does not mean that the world is becoming westernized. Modernization and westernization are not at all the same, as can be seen in Saudi Arabia, for example.Understanding manners and customs is especially important in negotiations, because interpretations based on one’s own frame reference may lead to a totally incorrect conclusion. Universal respect is needed in cross-cultural negotiation. To negotiate effectively abroad, all types of communication should be read correctly. Americans often interpret inaction and silence as negative signs. As a result, Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower prices or sweeten a deal. Even a simple agreement may take days to negotiate in the Middle East because the Arab party may want to talk about unrelated issue or do something else for a while. The aggressive style of Russian negotiators and their usual last-minute change requests may cause astonishment and concern on the part of ill-prepared negotiators.（t ）1. Different manners and customs should be paid attention to when doing international business.（f ）2. The success of McDonald’s and Coke means the world has been westernized.（t ）3. Americans consider doing nothing and keeping silent as the sign of disagreement.（f ）4. Japanese executives tend to expect that their silence can get Americans to lower process or sweeten a deal. “Sweeten a deal” always means to pay more money for the deal.（f ）5. Arab businessmen tend to concentrate on business during the process of negotiation.Ⅳ. Translate the following words into English (10 points, 1 point for each)1. 业绩评估performance evaluation2. 营销策略marketing strategy3. 明示担保express warranty4. 贸易差额balance of trade5. 组织文化organizational cultureV. Translate the following passage into Chinese (15 points)China’s membership in the World Trade Organization creates the potential for impressive gains in economic efficiency. Indeed the gains are likely to be greater than those predicted in most published quantitative estimates, since those studies do not capture fully the likely effect of more foreign competition on domestic firms. No doubt many jobs will be lost in a few sectors. But prospects for generating employment are bountiful as China benefits from the phase-out of arrangements restricting world trade in apparel, and as Taiwan, Mexico, the EU, and other marketsphase out and eliminate the WTO-inconsistent trade barriers they have maintained against a broad array of Chinese goods.。
国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)-期末复习
Unit 1~2Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff 配额和关税Government intervention 政府干预Zero-sum game 零和博弈Positive-sum game 常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论）Economies of scale 规模经济Diminishing returns 收益递减规律Green revolution 绿色革命Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制Deposit 佣金First mover advantage 先占优势Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit 信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票）Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口）Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差）It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损）Absolute Advantage 绝对优势Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free TradeThe Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。
国际商务英语阅读教程(第四版)
Unit 1~2 Mercantilism重商主义Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff配额和关税Zero-sum game零和博弈Positive-sum game常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期Economies of scale 规模经济First mover advantage先占优势Barrier to entry进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑Trade acceptance商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易1.波特钻石理论的主要内容①Factor endowments ②Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry③ Demand conditions ④Relating and supporting industries2.对等贸易的主要类型和优缺点①Types of countertradeCountertrade has evolved into a diverse set of activities that can be categorized as five distinct types of trading arrangements: barter, counter purchase, offset, switch trading, and compensation or buyback②The pros and cons of countertrade优：① The main attraction of countertrade is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available.② Thus if a firm is unwilling to enter into a countertrade agreement, it may lose an export opportunity to a competitor that is willing to make a countertrade agreement.缺：① Countertrade contracts may involve the exchange of unusable or poor-quality goods that the firm cannot dispose of profitably② In addition, even if the goods it receives are of high quality, the firm still needs to dispose of them profitably.Unit 3Strategic alliance 战略联盟Licensing 许可证Joint venture 合资经营Contracting 承包经营Partnership 合资人Return on investment 投资回报率Franchising 特许经营Contract manufacturing 生产承包Management contracting 管理承包1.许可贸易的优缺点优：①The basic advantage in licensing as contrasted to other approaches is theease and low cost of entering a foreign market.②Licensing is also advantageous in that it can be used to test a foreignmarket without the risk of capital loss should the market not be receptive to the manufacturer’s product.缺：①The greatest disadvantages to the licensor are that a potential competitoris set up.②There is a lack of control over production and marketing.③There may be incomplete market exploration.Unit 4Foreign direct investment 外国直接投资Small and medium-sized firms 中小企业Horizontal FDI 横向外国直接投资Vertical FDI 纵向外国直接投资Product life cycle 产品生命周期Backward vertical FDI 后移纵向外国直接投资Forward vertical FDI 前移纵向外国直接投资Transportation costs 运输成本Market impediments 市场阻碍Market power 市场力量Oligopoly 寡头垄断Specialized assets 特殊资产1.影响横向对外投资的因素①Transportation costs ②Market imperfections④Following competitors ④The product life cycle2.What are the impediments to the sale of know-how?①Licensing may result in a firm’s giving away its technological know-how to a potential foreign competitor.②Licensing does not give a firm the tight control over manufacturing, marketing, and strategy in a foreign country that may be required to profitably exploit tis advantage in know-how.③A firm’s know-how may not be amenable to licensing.Unit 5Bretton Woods System 布雷顿森林体系Fixed exchange rate 固定汇率制OPEC 石油输出国组织Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries Floating exchange rate regime 浮动汇率制Plaza Accord 和平广场协议Louvre Accord 卢浮宫协议Foreign exchange market 外汇市场European Monetary System 欧洲货币体系EMSExchange Rate Mechanism 汇率机制ERMEuropean Currency Unit欧元 ECUTrade deficit贸易赤字Real interest 实际利息Balance of payment 收支平衡表Forward market 期货市场Swaps 掉期交易1. 布雷顿森林体系/固定汇率制瓦解的主要原因As the only currency that could be converted into gold, and as the currency that served as the reference point for all others①It was financed by an increase in the money supply, which, in turn, led to a rise in price inflation from less than 4percent in 1966 to dose to 9 percent by 1968②The rise in government spending had stimulated the economy③Gave rise to speculation in the foreign exchange market that the dollar would be devalued④Weakening dollars lose its credibility.2. What are the reasons for the unexpected rise in the dollar between 1980 and 1985, and what are the reasons for the rapid fall of the US dollar between 1985 and 1987?The reasons for the unexpected rise in the value of the dollar between 1980 and 1985:①Strong economic growth in the US attracted heavy inflows of capital from foreign investors seeking high returns on capital assets.②High real interest rate attracted foreign investors seeking high vellums on financial assets③Political turmoil in other parts of the world.The reasons for 1985 and 1987：The fall in the value of the dollar between 1985 and 198 was caused by a combination of government intervention and market forces.Unit 6Common law 普通法Code civil law 成文法Roman law 罗马法Industrial property right 工业产权Act of god 不可抗力Element forces of nature 天灾自然因素Arbitration 仲裁Conciliation 调节Litigation 诉讼World court at the Hague 海牙国际法庭Tribunals for arbitration 仲裁庭U.N. convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of ForeignArbitral/Awards 联合国承认和执行外国仲裁裁决公约International Chamber of commerce 国际商会1. What are the differences between two legal systems in solving commercial disputes?①Under common law, commercial disputes are subject to laws which may be applied to either civil or commercial disputes since there is no specific recognition of commercial problems as such.②Code law differs in that there is a separate code specifically designed for business2. What are the procedures used by formal arbitration organizations? The usual arbitration procedure is for the parties involved to select a disinterested and informed party or parties as referee to determine the merits of the case and make a judgment that both parties agree to honor.Unit 7Intellectual property rights 知识产权Trade mark copyright, patents, trade secrets 商标权，版权，专利权，商业秘密Intangible assets, tangible assets 无形资产，有形资产Trademark registration 商标注册Generic terms 通称Infringement 侵权GATT 关贸总协定General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade1. What does intellectual property right consist of?①It consists of the products of individual’s minds—products that result from intellectual, creative processes.②Trademarks, copyrights and patents are all forms of intellectual propertyUnit 8The TRIPS agreement 与贸易有关的知识产权协议Need Hierarchy 需求层次理论Self-reference criterion 自我参考标准The adoption process 接纳过程理论High-context cultures 高背景文化Low-context cultures 低背景文化Poly-chromic time 多元化时间观Mono-chromic time 单一性时间观Perception 观念1. What are the characteristics of culture?①It is not innate, but learned②The various facts of culture are interrelated-touch a culture in one place andeverything else is affected.③It is shared by the members of a group and defines the boundaries betweendifferent groups.2. What are the main contents of Need Hierarchy theory?①Self-actualization ②Esteem ③Social ④Safety ⑤Physiological3. What is the concept of adoption process? How many stages will a person undergo before he can finally purchase a new product?Adoption process─through which an individual passes from the time of his or her first knowledge of an innovation to the time of adopting or purchase of the innovation.These stages are as follows: ①awareness ②interest ③evaluation④trial ⑤adoption4. What are the adopter categories? What is the feature for early adopter?Adopter categories are classifications of individuals within a market on the basis of their innovativeness. They include innovators、early adopters, the early majority, the late majority and laggards.The future for early adopter: They tend to be younger, have higher social status and in a more favorable financial position than later adopter. They must be responsive to mass-media information sources and must learn about innovation form these sourcesbecause they cannot simply copy the behavior of earlier adopters.Unit 9Organizational behavior组织行为学Multinational Corporation 跨国公司Maquiladoras 马基拉朵拉工厂Parochialism 地方主义NAFTA 北美自由贸易协定North American Free Trade AgreementKluckhohn-Strudtbeck framework 克拉克洪─斯托特柏克构架Hofstede framework 霍夫斯诺德构架BRICS 金砖五国巴西俄罗斯印度中国南非APEC 亚太经合组织Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation1. Identify the sic cultural dimensions in the Kluckhohn-strodtbeck framework.①Relationship to the environment ②time orientation③nature of people ④Activity orientation⑤focus of responsibility ⑥conception of space2. Explain the dimensions of national culture in Hofstede framework.①Individualism versus collectivism②power distance③uncertainty avoidance④masculinity versus femininity。
商务英语阅读 期末复习要点
currency fluctuationCEOprogressive payment customs dutystrike pricecost reductionforeign exchange reserve intelligent logistic network open accountboard of directorsspot exchange rategross weighteconomic meltdown capital flowprimary market severance payenergy intensivebonusreserve requirements collateralinterest rate liberalization fiscal policecorporate governance turnovershareholder general meeting time depositequity ownershipbulk commoditytax cutsgovernment spending年度预算保税仓线上支付系统预付公募私募证券市场世界贸易组织回报率绩效评估招募人员本国货币公司高管资本流失汇率波动首席执行官按施工进度分批付款关税成交价压缩成本外汇储备智能物流网络赊销董事会即期汇率毛重经济衰退现金流一级市场遣散费能源密集型奖金存款准备金要求抵押利率自由化财政政策公司治理营业额股东大会定期存款股权所有散装货税收降低政府支出annual budget bounded warehouseon- line payment system payment in advance public placement private placement securities marketWTOrate of return performance appraisal recruitmentdomestic currency company senior manager capital flight基本利率公开市场操作实体经济金融市场光票托收养老金抵押贷款货币投机贴现率贬值恶性通膨基本工资贸易区域流通票据提单银行信用prime lending rate open market operations entity economy financial market clean collection pensionmortgage loan currency speculation discount rate depreciation hyperinflationbase paytrade block negotiable instrument bill of ladingbank credit1.The importer should have the knowledge that the exchange control authorities in his country will permit advance payment to be made.进口人应该知道本国外汇管制当局准许使用提前支付的形式支付货款。
商务英语阅读教程 Unit 4
• Most of the following words are used in the context of marketing fundamentals. When you read,
• firstly, try to figure out their meanings. • 首先，试着猜出他们的意思。
7. __m__a_r_k_e_ti_n_g_it refers to practice of commercial selling
8. ___a_d_v_e_r_t_is_i_n_g_ it can make something known generally, especially, in order to sell it
配销渠道 adj. 非商标的 n. 广告；登广告 免费 行销努力 n. 流程 n. 缺点 产品定价 市场营销推广组合 v. 要价 垃圾邮件 推销战略 按正常价
4-1 TASK 1
Select an expression from the words listed above which matches one of the eight definitions given below. If you like, compare the definitions here with others in a dictionary. If there are other words or expressions in the list which you do not know, look them up, too.
4-1 TASK 1
5. ___p_r_o_d_u_c_t it is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need in marketing
商务英语阅读教程
商务英语阅读教程. 第3、4册
《商务英语阅读教程3-4》是2011年上海外语教育出版社出版的图书。
内容简介：《商务英语阅读教程3-4(教师用书)》是“新世纪商务英语专业本科系列教材”之一，丛书是国内首套按照《高等学校商务英语专业本科教学要求》（试行）编写的商务英语专业教材。
教材以现代外语教育理念和教材设计理论为指导，结合商务英语语言和教学的特点，融合多年商务英语教学实践，由国内知名外语教学专家和长期从事商务英语教学的教授共同参与，联袂打造。
体现《教学要求》的培养目标，强调打好扎实的语言基本功，兼顾商务专业素质与人文素养的同步提升。
编排和选材注重学生正确世界观和道德观的形成，注重思维能力、创新能力和跨文化交际能力的培养。
语言、文化与商务有机融合，注重商务英语技能和商务专业课程的合理衔接。
学习任务设计丰富多样，有助于训练学生交际能力、自主学习能力和合作学习能力。
单元紧扣社会热点话题，难度合理递增，选文思想内涵深刻，可读性强，充分反映经济全球化时代的特点。
为教学提供多媒体资源，丰富的视频材料可增加语言学习的趣味性和输入的有效性，调动学生课堂参与的积极性；主干教程配套电子教案，方便实用，充分满足个性化教学需要。
(最新整理)世纪商务英语阅读教程专业篇1第四版Unit_7
n. 供应厂商，供应者 n. 合伙企业 n. 杂货店 合伙企业的章程 v. 租用 n. 许可，执照 n. 实体 n. 总经理，常务董事 n. 破产 n. 资金，资本 独资（经营）
2021/7/26
5
7-1
Professional Words & Expressions
asset obligation transfer proprietorship profit supervise voice general partner risk liability limited partner
2. simplest, oldest, and most common form of business ownership in which only one individual acquires all the benefits and risks of running an enterprise
2021/7/26
8
7-1 TASK 1
1. one of the co-owners of a business organized as limited partnership who does not participate in the management of the firm
选项
O. limited partner
There are three basic forms of ownership structures for business entities: sole proprietorship, partnership and the diagram of the company’s organizational structure. Almost all large and medium-sized businesses are organized as corporations, such as General Motors, Bank of America, Microsoft and General Electric. But not all businesses are corporations. For instance, small ventures can be owned and managed by a single individual. This is called sole proprietorship. In other cases, several people may join to own and manage a partnership.
世纪商务英语 阅读教程 专业篇1 第四版
世纪商务英语阅读教程专业篇1 第四版Unit 1 for sale 出售的 advertising 广告、登广告 auditing 审核、审计investment 投资 at no cost 免费 facility location 厂址选择 life assurance 人寿保险 marketing effort 行销努力 auditor 审计人员 tangible product 有形产品 process 流程 quality standards 质量标准 standard product 标准产品 drawback 缺点 implement 贯彻 Unit3 product pricing 产品定价 custom-designed 定制的 promotions 促销 marketing mix 市场营销推广组合 registry 注册、登记处 unit cost 单位成本 charge 要价 international trade 国际贸易 price elasticity 价格弹性 junk mail 垃圾邮件 warehouse 仓库 profit-maximization 利润最大化 sales strategy 推销战略 inventory 存货管理、存货清单 revenue 税收 at regular price 按正常价 ISO 国际标准化组织segmentation 市场细分、分割 Unit5 Internal Audit 内部审查 demand curve 需求曲线 retailer 零售商 final product 最终成品 skim pricing 撇脂定价allowance 让利 freight bill 运费单 launch (新产品)投产 trade deal 贸易协定 shipping 装运 distribution 分销渠道 corporate image 企业形象 target date 预订日期 domestic price 本土价格、国内价reseller 转卖人 modular 模块化的格 stimulate 刺激 Gap Analysis 差距分析 penetration pricing 渗透定价 sales force 销售力量 certify 保证 positioning 目标市场定位 rational appeal 理性诉求 zero-defect 零瑕疵的 targeting 目标市场选择 lead 线索registrar 注册人员 gross profit 毛利 wholesaler 批发商 quality control 质量控制 fixed and variable 固定成本和变push money 提成、推销员奖励management 管理动成本 point of sale 卖点 wholesaler 批发商 costs 花费voucher 票券、代金券 finished product 成品 dumping 倾销 approach 准备Unit2 current price 市价 dump bin 垃圾箱 product 产品 market share 市场份额 promotional mix 营销推广组合 wholesale 批发 pricing 定价 leverage 杠杆作用、手段 real estate 房地产 sales volume 销售量 formula 公式intangible product 无形产品 profit margin 利润率 trade-in 以旧物换折价换取同类development cycle 发展周期 Unit4 新物的交易 service 服务 product 产品 continuity program 继续订货 warranty 担保 manufacturer 制造业者prospect 寻找(客户) growth cycle 生长周期 market research 市场调查coupon 息票、赠券 declining cycle 下降周期 marketing plan 营销推广计划deal loader 厂家对零售商的奖励 marketing strategy 市场策略 product marketing 产品推广 brand equity 品牌价值 retail 零售 brand 品牌 closing 结束 discount 折扣 marketing 市场营销 hard-sell 硬销售 commodity 商品media planning 媒体计划 self-liquidating 自我清偿 market segment 市场份额 image-building 形象塑造 unit6 non-standard product 非标准产physical evidence 实体坏境 net净值品 people 人员 inventory财产清册 goods 商品placement 放置 current asset流动资产 downturn 低迷周期 target market 目标市场 Master Budget总预算 market target 市场目标 public relations 公共关系 cost of goods sold 已售产品成品 maturity cycle 成熟周期distribution channel 配销渠道 revenue年收入 introduction cycle 引入周期generic 非商标的 liquidity流动性expenditure费用 Managing Director总经理 casualty insurance意外事故保险 finance筹措资金 Bankruptcy破产 combined certificate联合凭证current liabilities ratio流动负债率 Capital资金 B/L提单 budget预算sole proprietorship独资(经营) Premium保险费 creditor债权人 asset资产original policy正本保单 financing mix融资组合 obligation义务disability insurance伤残保险 profitability盈利能力 transfer转让unemployment insurance失业保investment decision投资决定 proprietorship 所有权险debtor借方 profit利润 policy保险单 dividend红利 supervise监督insure投保 cash dividend现金分红 voice发言权 beneficiary受益人finished goods成品 general partner普通合伙人 property insurance财产保险 investment proposal投资建议 risk风险 insurance certificate保险凭证ratio比率 liability责任 heir继承人 overhead营业费用 limited partner有限责任股东 insurer继承人 capital project资本项目 health insurance健康保险 brokerage经纪业务 work-in-progress工作中的进展 invest投资 old-age insurance养老保险 creation of value资产成本 fringe benefit额外福利open policy/open cover预约保险 gross总额 unlimited liability无限责任Unit10 fixed asset固定资产 permit许可证 arbitration仲裁 stock dividend 股息分红 proprietor所有证 termination终止 dept capital债务资金 legal entity法律实体 executory contract执行合同 dividend decision股利决策board of director理事会cash现金 Unit 8cash flow现金流量 equity股东dividend-payout股息分配 venture企业depreciation折旧 franchiser特许investment decision投资决策 exclusive right独占权利demand需求 guaranteed loan保证贷款shareholder股东 fund基金opportunity cost机会成本 exclusive独占的profitability ratio盈利率 franchisee授权人prospective acquisition预期收益 brand image品牌stock 库存 participation loan组合贷款allocation配置 loan贷款raw material原材料 restriction限制issued share capital已发行股份provision条款资金 franchise(ing)许可financing decision融资决策 direct loan直接贷款unit7 Unit 9supplier供应厂商 L/C信用证partnership合伙企业 coverage 承保范围grocery杂货店 reimbursement 偿还articles of partnership合伙企业的insurance policy保单章程 insurance declaration 保险申明lease租用 insure 投保license许可;执照 insured被保险人entity实体 policyholder投保人。
《世纪商务英语-----阅读教程》(第四版) 专业篇I
《世纪商务英语-----阅读教程》（第四版）专业篇ITest 1Part OneMatch the words and the definitions. Choose the correct word from the word box to each definition and write down the word in the bracket. (20 X 0.5%=10%)1. a written assurance that some products and service will be provided ( )2. a set of international recognized quality management standards. ( )3. the official process of settling an argument or a disagreement by sb. who is not involved.( )4. an amount of money that you pay once or regularly for an insurance policy. ( )5. it can make something know generally, especially, in order to sell it. ( )6. a small piece of printed paper that you can exchange for something or that gives you the rightto buy something at a cheaper price than normal. ( )7. amount of money spend ( )8. income, especially the total income of a company in a certain period. ( )9. the ability to make a profit. ( )10. legal procedure of being declared by a court of law not to be capable of paying its debts.( )11. discount. ( )12. the value of a company’s shares. ( )13. only to be used by one particular person or group. ( )14. formal permission given by a company to sb who wants to sell its goods or services in aparticular area. ( )15. a person or company that provides people with insurance. ( )16. showing what you must pay. ( )17. a written statement of a contract of insurance. ( )18. a failure to do sth. that must be done by law. ( )19. that cannot be changed ; final. ( )20.the act of ending sth. ( )Part TwoTranslate the following phrases into Chinese. (20X1%=20%)1.custom-designed2.freight bill3.quality standard4.real estate5.market segment6.executory contract7.property insurance8.gross profit9.sales volume10.profit margin11.market research12.junk mail13.product marketing14.Board of Director15.Maintenance Engineer16.budgeted account17.finished goods18.debt capital19.standard product20.Internal AuditPart ThreeChoose the best word to complete each sentence. （10X1%=10%）1.All organizations create_____ for customers.A. materialB. productionC. productsD. product2. The house is ______.A. for saleB. in saleC. to saleD. for in sale3. Part of my job is to _______good relationship with our suppliers.A. haveB. keep touch withC. keepsD. maintain4. What ________ of PC do you like?A. brandB. makeC. nameD. title5. The sales promotion team is ______ of well-known professionals in this fields.A. madeB. comprisedC. consisted upD. make up6. The manager needs to make joint decisions that are _______.A. badB. illC. badlyD. optimal7. The shop has been ______ to sell tobacco.A. licencedB. licensedC. licensingD. licencing8. We’ve decided to ______with the employees about our wage claim.A. appealB. meetC. negotiateD. call in9. He _____ a lot of money on repairing his house.A. paid outB. paid offC. paid upD. cost10. Commercial law offers a normal business environment and strong legal______ to operators.A. plansB. guaranteeC. policyD. decisionsPart FourCloze Test (15X1%=15%)The dynamic developing economies of the world are ripe with potential. Not only have they demonstrated extraordinary levels of 1 , but we believe this looks set continue, backed by 2 inflows of foreign investment. Fidelity Emerging Mark, Fund is 3 to help you capitalize on this promising outlook.The 4 to real success in Emerging Markets is research and resources, of Fidelity’s foremost 5 As the world’s largest 6 investment management organization, we can draw upon a(n) 7 network of offices covering developing economies across Asia ,Latin America and Europe.This local presence means we can 8 a hands-on approach, searching out a capitalizing on investment 9 as soon as they come to light. As a result, Fidelity I become one of the world’s 10 names in emerging stock markets: where we 11 manage 5 pounds billion?So act now to 12 out more about the Fidelity Emerging Markets Fund -- and get the potential of these dynamic markets teamed with the strength of the Fidelity organization. For more 13 , call us, free of 14 , from any of the countries below. If you 15 elsewhere, please use the UK number or post or fax the coupon.1. A. growth B. decrease C. height D. diminish2. A. slow B. increasing C. reducing D. fast3. A. thought B. designed C. considered D. supposed4. A. road B. method C. reason D. key5. A. words B. slogans C. ways D. strengths6. A. independent B. wealthy C. prosperous D. national7. A. intensive B. thick C. narrow D. extensive8. A. move B. apply C. reply D. demand9. A. situations B. disadvantages C. opportunities D. conditions10. A. few B. many C. honorable D. leading11. A. currently B. formerly C. recently D. likely12. A. look B. discover C. find D. learn13. A. news B. data C. information D. knowledge14. A. money B. pay C. fee D. charge15. A. live B. wait C. talk D. sleepPart FiveTranslate the following passage into Chinese.(1X15%=15%)Products available from business information fall into three broad categories: standard products(i.e. publications developed and approved by BSI committees), non-physical products(i.e. guide, training materials and electronic products) and joint products (i.e. combination of standard and non-standard.)In marketing, a product is anything that can be offered to a market that might satisfy a want or need. It is of two types, tangible (physical) and intangible ( non- physical). All productsoffered on a market can be placed between Tangible (Pure Product) and Intangible (Pure Service) items.Part SixThere are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. (15 X 2%=30%)Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for years, first a theater, then a barbecue restaurant, and then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new concept: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips.Their hamburgers sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity, for the brothers had developed a strict routine for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks' sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became incredibly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc.Kroc was a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milk shake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the unique appeal of the brothers' fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise other copies of their restaurants. The agreement struck included the right to duplicate the menu. The equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches.Today McDonald's is really a household name. Its names for its sandwiches have come to mean hamburger in the decades since the day Ray Kroc watched people rush up to orderfifteen-cent hamburgers. In 1976, McDonald's had over $ 1 billion in total sales. Its firsttwenty-two years is one of the most incredible success stories in modern American business history.1. This passage mainly talks about.A）the development of fast food servicesB）how McDonald's became a billion-dollar businessC）the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonaldD）Ray Kroc's business talent2. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except.A）a drive-in B）a cinema C）a theater D）a barbecue restaurant3. We may infer from this passage that.A）Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to KrocB）The location the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-in C）Forty years ago there were numerous fast-food restaurantsD）Ray Kroc was a good businessman4. The passage suggests that.A）creativity is an important element of business successB）Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothersC）Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they sold their ideas to Ray KrocD）California is the best place to go into business5. As used in the second sentence of the third paragraph, the word “unique ”means. A）special B）financial C ）attractive D）peculiarPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, m ost people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline. when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military? Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.6. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will ________.A) decrease graduallyB) remain at the same levelC) become unstableD) improve enormously（B）7. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ________.A) not easily accepted by the publicB) often inferior to old ones at firstC) often more expensive than old onesD) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes（A）8. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ________.A) promote its productionB) work out marketing policiesC) speed up its life cycleD) increase its popularity（B）9. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2) to show the importance of ________.A) pleasing the young as well as the oldB) increasing usage among studentsC) exploring new market sectionsD) serving both military and civil needs（C）10. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are ________.A) improving product qualityB) increasing product featuresC) modernizing product styleD) re-positioning their product in the market（A）Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.In 1960-1961, Chad （乍得）harvested 9800 tons of cotton seed for the first time in its history, and put out the flag a little too soon. The efforts of the authorities to get the peasants back to work, as they had slacked off （松懈）a great deal the previous year during independence celebrations, largely contributed to it. Also, rains were well spaced, and continued through the whole month of October. If the 1961-1962 total is back to the region of 45000 tons, it is mostly because efforts slackened again and sowing was started too late.The average date of sowing is about July 1st. If this date is simply moved up fifteen or twenty days, 30000 to 60000 tons of cotton are gained, depending on the year. The peasant in Chad sows his millet （小米）first, and it is hard to criticize this instinctive priority given to his daily bread. An essential reason for his lateness with sowing cotton is that at the time when he should leave to prepare the fields he has just barely sold the cotton of the previous season. The work required to sow, in great heat, is psychologically far more difficult if one's pockets are full of money. The date of cotton sales should therefore be moved forward as much as possible, and purchases of equipment and draught animals encouraged.Peasants should also be encouraged to save money, to help them through the difficult period between harvests. If necessary they should be forced to do so, by having the payments for cotton given to them in installments. The last payment would be made after proof that the peasant has planted before the deadline, the date being advanced to the end of June. Those who have done so would receive extra money whereas the last planters would not receive their last payment until later.Only the first steps are hard, because once work has started the peasants continue willinglyon their way. Educational campaigns among the peasants will play an essential role in this basic advance, early sowing, on which all the others depend. It is not a matter of controlling the peasants.Each peasant will remain master of his fields. One could, however, suggest the need for the time being of kind but firm rule, which, as long as it cannot be realized by the people, should at least be for the people.11. In 1960-1961, Chad had a good harvest of cotton because.A）the government greatly encouraged peasants1.B）rains favored the growth of cottonC）Chad gained independence in the previous yearD）Both A）and B）12. We learn from the passage that the date of sowing cotton is usually.A）on June 15th B）on July 15th C）on July 1st D）on July 20th13. As used in the third sentence of the second paragraph, daily bread refers to. A）breakfast B）bread and butter C）rice D）millet14. In order to help them through the difficult time between harvests the peasants haveto.A）sell cotton in advance B）be encouraged to save moneyC）sow cotton in time D）plant millet first15. Which of the following is NOT true?A）Educational campaigns are very important to early sowing.B）Of all the advances that the writer hopes for, early sowing is the most important.C）Peasants should remain the masters of their fields.D）Government might as well make good and firm rule for peasants.AnswersPart OneMatch the words and the definitions. Choose the correct word from the word box to each definition and write down the word in the bracket. (20 X 0.5%=10%)1. warranty2. ISO3. arbitration4. premium5. advertising6. coupon7. expenditure8. revenue9. profitability 10. bankruptcy11. allowance 12. equity 13. exclusive 14. franchise 15. insurer16. invoice 17. policy 18. breach 19 irrevocable 20. terminationPart TwoTranslate the following phrases into Chinese. (20X1%=20%)1. 定制的2. 运输费 3 质量标准 4. 房地产 5. 市场份额6. 执行合同7. 财产保险8. 毛利9. 销售额10. 利润空间11. 市场调查12. 垃圾邮件13. 产品推广14. 董事会15. 维修工程师16. 预算账户17 成品18. 债务资金19. 标准产品20. 内部审查Part ThreeChoose the best word to complete each sentence. （10X1%=10%）1. C2. A3. D4. A5. B6. D7. C8. C9. A. 10. BPart FourCloze Test (15X1%=15%)1.A2.B3.D4.D5.D6.A7.D8.B9.C 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.C 14. D 15. APart FiveTranslate the following passage into Chinese.(1X15%=15%)从商业资讯中获得的产品分为三大类：标准产品（即按英国标准学会委员会公布的标准许可生产的产品）、非标准产品（即产品指南，训练器材和电子产品）和组合产品（即标准产品和非标准产品的一体化产品）。
国际商务英语函电第四版答案吴雯
国际商务英语函电第四版答案吴雯1、He doesn’t feel well. He has a _______ nose. [单选题] *A. runingB. rainingC. runny(正确答案)D. rainy2、This species has nearly （）because its habitat is being destroyed. [单选题] *A. used upB. died out(正确答案)C. gone upD. got rid of3、Don’t ______. He is OK. [单选题] *A. worriedB. worry(正确答案)C. worried aboutD. worry about4、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words5、They were both born _______ March, 1 [单选题] *A. in(正确答案)B. atC. onD. since6、Across the river（）. [单选题] *A. lies a new built bridgeB.lies a newly built bridge(正确答案)C. a new built bridge liesD.a newly built bridge lies7、Some people were born with a good sense of direction. [单选题] *A. 听觉B. 方向感(正确答案)C. 辨别力D. 抽象思维8、I think you should buy this novel. It is really worth _____. [单选题] *A. reading(正确答案)B. being readC. readD. to read9、8．Turn right ________ Danba Road and walk ________ the road, then you will findMeilong Middle school. [单选题] *A．in...alongB．into...along (正确答案)C．in...onD．into...on10、This pair of shoes only _______ me 10 yuan. [单选题] *A. spentB. tookC. paidD. cost(正确答案)11、Mum, this T-shirt is much too small for me. Would you buy me a _______ one? [单选题] *A. niceB. largeC. nicerD. larger(正确答案)12、The young man had decided to give up the chance of studying abroad, _____ surprised his parents a lot. [单选题] *A. whenB. whereC. which(正确答案)D. that13、At last the plane landed at the Beijing Airport safely. [单选题] *A. 平稳地B. 安全地(正确答案)C. 紧急地D. 缓缓地14、17．—When ________ they leave here?—Tomorrow morning. [单选题] *A．doB．will(正确答案)C．doesD．are15、—What can I do to help at the old people’s home?—You ______ read stories to the old people. （）[单选题] *A. could(正确答案)B. mustC. shouldD. would16、The little boy saved his money ______ he could buy his mother a gift on Mother’s Day.（）[单选题] *A. butB. such thatC. in order toD. so that(正确答案)17、I have only two tickets for TF Boys’concert. ______ you ______ he can go with me.（）[单选题] *A. Either; or(正确答案)B. Either; norC. Both; andD. Not only; but also18、The secretary was asked to_____of the waste paper on the desk. [单选题] *A.disappearB.dispose(正确答案)C.declareD.got rid19、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off20、John is fond of playing _____ basketball and Jack is keen on playing _____ piano. [单选题] *A．/…the(正确答案)B．the…/C．/…/D．the…the21、I _______ play the game well. [单选题] *A. mustB. can(正确答案)C. wouldD. will22、If you want to be successful one day, you have to seize every _______ to realize your dream. [单选题] *A. changeB. chance(正确答案)C. chairD. check23、I _______ no idea of where the zoo is. [单选题] *A. thinkB. getC. have(正确答案)D. take24、We must try hard to make up for the lost time. [单选题] *A. 弥补(正确答案)B. 利用C. 抓紧D. 浪费25、_____ is not known yet. [单选题] *A. Although he is serious about itB. No matter how we will do the taskC. Whether we will go outing or not(正确答案)D. Unless they come to see us26、—______ do you pay for it? —Over the Internet. （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. How muchC. How(正确答案)D. When27、You can't see many _____ in a hospital. [单选题] *A. man nurseB. men nurses(正确答案)C. men nurseD. man nurses28、I can’t hear you _______. Please speak a little louder. [单选题] *A. clearly(正确答案)B. lovelyC. widelyD. carelessly29、My brother often does ______ homework first after school.（）[单选题] *A. heB. his(正确答案)C. sheD. her30、Jane and Tom _______ my friends. [单选题] *A. amB. isC. are(正确答案)D. was。
商务英语阅读教程专业篇2第四版 第一单元TextA翻译
7、国际开发协会为低收入国家服务，是国际复兴开发银行的补充。该协会与国际复兴开发银行共用一套人马，共享一个总部，审核项目时的标准都同样严格
8、世界上共有78个低收入国家，其中39个在非洲，国际开发协会是为这些国家提供最多援助的机构之一。它为低收入国家的基本社会服务提供的捐款是最多的。
9、国际开发协会的贷款条件很优惠。它所发放的贷款均不收取利息，还款时间可长达35至40年，其中包括10年的宽限期。另外，该协会还为发生债务危机的国家提供拨款。
3、世界银行由两个独特的发展机构—— 国际复兴开发银行(IBRD)和国际开发协会(ID动全球化的广泛、可持续发展。
4、国际复兴开发银行于1944年建立，是世界银行的前身，组织结构与公司接近，归其185个成员国所有和运营。该组织旨在通过提供贷款、担保、风险管理产品以及分析咨询服务等方式促进中等收入国家及资信良好的低收入国家的持续发展，从而减少这些国家的贫困。几乎世界上70%的穷人（日收入低于2美元的人群）都生活在中等收入国家。这些国家需向国际复兴开发银行借款，因为它们有大量的社会事宜要完成，其中也包括实现并超越千年发展目标。
1、世界银行是全世界发展中国家获得资金和技术援助的一个重要来源，重在实现致力于消除贫困及可持续发展的千年发展目标，这些目标指引着世界银行的工作方向，也为世界银行的工作成果提供了评价尺度。
2、世界银行以减少贫困为己任，志在通过与合作伙伴的共同努力，帮助发展中国家及其人民实现千年发展目标。为此，该机构致力于通过投资并赋权于贫困人口使之参与发展，来营造有利于投资、就业与可持续增长的环境，从而促进经济增长。
《商务英语阅读(第4册)》课件Unit 10
New words and expressions
• merchandise: n. 商品 • e.g. Merchandise can now circulate freely among the EU
countries.. 商品现在可以在欧盟国家之间自由流通。 • visualize:vt.构思，设想 • e.g. Try to visualize him as an old man. • 试着把他想象成一个老人。 • revamp: vt. 改变，翻新 • e.g. Meanwhile, China’s not waiting to revamp its economy. 与此同时，中国不等待改革经济。
Reproduction
Lead-in
Q1
Why is China’s economy developing rapidly in recent years?
Q2
What are the factors that restrict economic development?
Q3
In order to seek long-term sustainable development of economy, what shoud we do?
Role-play
• Mingle with your classmates. • Chinese Business morality survey: Interview
a classmate according to the following questions and make notes when necessary.
摩天大楼是一个城市繁荣的必然标志。
Reproduction – summary and discussion
世纪商务英语 阅读教程 专业篇1 第四版
Unit 1auditing 审核、审计facility location 厂址选择auditor 审计人员quality standards 质量标准implement 贯彻custom-designed 定制的registry 注册、登记处international trade 国际贸易warehouse 仓库inventory 存货管理、存货清单ISO 国际标准化组织Internal Audit 内部审查final product 最终成品freight bill 运费单shipping 装运target date 预订日期modular 模块化的Gap Analysis 差距分析certify 保证zero-defect 零瑕疵的registrar 注册人员quality control 质量控制management 管理wholesaler 批发商finished product 成品Unit2product 产品wholesale 批发real estate 房地产intangible product 无形产品development cycle 发展周期service 服务warranty 担保growth cycle 生长周期declining cycle 下降周期marketing strategy 市场策略retail 零售discount 折扣commodity 商品market segment 市场份额non-standard product 非标准产品goods 商品downturn 低迷周期market target 市场目标maturity cycle 成熟周期introduction cycle 引入周期for sale 出售的investment 投资life assurance 人寿保险tangible product 有形产品standard product 标准产品Unit3promotions 促销unit cost 单位成本price elasticity 价格弹性profit-maximization 利润最大化revenue 税收segmentation 市场细分、分割demand curve 需求曲线skim pricing 撇脂定价launch （新产品）投产distribution 分销渠道domestic price 本土价格、国内价格penetration pricing 渗透定价positioning 目标市场定位targeting 目标市场选择gross profit 毛利fixed and variable 固定成本和变动成本costs 花费dumping 倾销current price 市价market share 市场份额pricing 定价sales volume 销售量profit margin 利润率Unit4product 产品manufacturer 制造业者market research 市场调查marketing plan 营销推广计划product marketing 产品推广brand 品牌marketing 市场营销media planning 媒体计划image-building 形象塑造physical evidence 实体坏境people 人员placement 放置target market 目标市场public relations 公共关系distribution channel 配销渠道generic 非商标的advertising 广告、登广告at no cost 免费marketing effort 行销努力process 流程drawback 缺点product pricing 产品定价marketing mix 市场营销推广组合charge 要价junk mail 垃圾邮件sales strategy 推销战略at regular price 按正常价Unit5retailer 零售商allowance 让利trade deal 贸易协定corporate image 企业形象reseller 转卖人stimulate 刺激sales force 销售力量rational appeal 理性诉求lead 线索wholesaler 批发商push money 提成、推销员奖励point of sale 卖点voucher 票券、代金券approach 准备dump bin 垃圾箱promotional mix 营销推广组合leverage 杠杆作用、手段formula 公式trade-in 以旧物换折价换取同类新物的交易continuity program 继续订货prospect 寻找（客户）coupon 息票、赠券deal loader 厂家对零售商的奖励brand equity 品牌价值closing 结束hard-sell 硬销售self-liquidating 自我清偿unit6net净值inventory财产清册current asset流动资产Master Budget总预算cost of goods sold 已售产品成品revenue年收入liquidity流动性expenditure费用finance筹措资金current liabilities ratio流动负债率budget预算creditor债权人financing mix融资组合profitability盈利能力investment decision投资决定debtor借方dividend红利cash dividend现金分红finished goods成品investment proposal投资建议ratio比率overhead营业费用capital project资本项目work-in-progress工作中的进展creation of value资产成本gross总额fixed asset固定资产stock dividend股息分红dept capital债务资金dividend decision股利决策cash现金cash flow现金流量dividend-payout股息分配depreciation折旧investment decision投资决策demand需求shareholder股东opportunity cost机会成本profitability ratio盈利率prospective acquisition预期收益stock 库存allocation配置raw material原材料issued share capital已发行股份资金financing decision融资决策unit7supplier供应厂商partnership合伙企业grocery杂货店articles of partnership合伙企业的章程lease租用license许可；执照entity实体Managing Director总经理Bankruptcy破产Capital资金sole proprietorship独资（经营）asset资产obligation义务transfer转让proprietorship所有权profit利润supervise监督voice发言权general partner普通合伙人risk风险liability责任limited partner有限责任股东health insurance健康保险invest投资fringe benefit额外福利unlimited liability无限责任permit许可证proprietor所有证legal entity法律实体board of director理事会Unit 8equity股东venture企业franchiser特许exclusive right独占权利guaranteed loan保证贷款fund基金exclusive独占的franchisee授权人brand image品牌participation loan组合贷款loan贷款restriction限制provision条款franchise(ing)许可direct loan直接贷款Unit 9L/C信用证coverage 承保范围reimbursement 偿还insurance policy保单insurance declaration 保险申明insure 投保insured被保险人policyholder投保人casualty insurance意外事故保险combined certificate联合凭证B/L提单Premium保险费original policy正本保单disability insurance伤残保险unemployment insurance失业保险policy保险单insure投保beneficiary受益人property insurance财产保险insurance certificate保险凭证heir继承人insurer继承人brokerage经纪业务old-age insurance养老保险open policy/open cover预约保险Unit10arbitration仲裁termination终止executory contract执行合同。
商务英语阅读上册第四版课后答案
商务英语阅读上册第四版课后答案1、What’s the price and what sort of _______ do you offer? [单选题] *A. advantageB. accountC. displayD. discount(正确答案)2、--Shall we have a swim?--Yes, let’s _______ it at 9:00 next Sunday. [单选题] *A. putB. meetC. setD. make(正确答案)3、Jane and Tom _______ my friends. [单选题] *A. amB. isC. are(正确答案)D. was4、I like booking tickets online，because it is _______. [单选题] *A. boringB. confidentC. convenient(正确答案)D. expensive5、Both Mary and Linda don't care for fish. [单选题] *A. 喜欢(正确答案)B. 关心C. 照料D. 在乎6、Is there ____ for one more in the car? [单选题] *A. seatB. situationC. positionD. room(正确答案)7、（）of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. Neither(正确答案)D. All8、It was（）of you to get up early to catch the first bus so that you could avoid the traffic jam. [单选题] *A. senselessB. sensible(正确答案)C. sentimentalD. sensitive9、It’s windy outside. _______ your jacket, Bob. [单选题] *A. Try onB. Put on(正确答案)C. Take offD. Wear10、Mom, I need you ______ me a pencil box.（）[单选题] *A. buyB. buyingC. to buy(正确答案)D. to buying11、No writer will be considered（）of the name until he writes a work. [单选题] *A. worthlessB. worthy(正确答案)C. worthwhileD. worth12、--What’s the weather like today?--It’s _______. [单选题] *A. rainB. windy(正确答案)C. sunD. wind13、78．According to a report on Daily Mail, it’s on Wednesday（）people start feeling really unhappy. [单选题] *A. whenB. whichC. whatD. that(正确答案)14、At last the plane landed at the Beijing Airport safely. [单选题] *A. 平稳地B. 安全地(正确答案)C. 紧急地D. 缓缓地15、We can see ______ stars at night if it doesn’t rain. [单选题] *A. a thousand ofB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands of(正确答案)16、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk17、This kind of banana tastes very _______. [单选题] *A. nice(正确答案)B. wellC. nicelyD. better18、63．There will be? ? ? ? ??? water on the road after the heavy rain. [单选题] *A．too much(正确答案)B．much tooC．too manyD．many too19、10．﹣Could you please sweep the floor？I’m going to cook dinner．﹣__________．I’ll do it at once，Mom．[单选题] *A．I’m afraid notB．You’re kiddingC．It’s a shameD．My pleasure(正确答案)20、He _______ maths. [单选题] *A. does well in(正确答案)B. good atC. is well inD. does well at21、I didn't hear _____ because there was too much noise where I was sitting. [单选题] *A. what did he sayB. what he had said(正确答案)C. what he was sayingD. what to say22、Can I _______ your order now? [单选题] *A. makeB. likeC. giveD. take(正确答案)23、Tom is ____ honest man, so we all like to work with him. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. /D. any24、We _______ swim every day in summer when we were young. [单选题] *A. use toB. are used toC. were used toD. used to(正确答案)25、26．—Mary, is this your pen?—No, it isn't. ________ is black. [单选题] *A．MyB．IC．MeD．Mine(正确答案)26、23．Susan doesn’t like cartoons. She would rather ______ Space War”. [单选题] * A．see (正确答案)B．seesC．seeingD．to see27、We are very hungry now. Can you _______ us something to eat? [单选题] *A. carryB. takeC. borrowD. bring(正确答案)28、My brother usually _______ his room after school. But now he _______ soccer. [单选题] *A. cleans; playsB. cleaning; playingC. cleans; is playing(正确答案)D. cleans; is playing the29、When you are tired, listen to music and try to _______ yourself. [单选题] *A. supportB. showC. playD. relax(正确答案)30、The flowers _______ sweet. [单选题] *A. tasteB. smell(正确答案)C. soundD. feel。
国际商务英语第四版答案
国际商务英语第四版答案1、14．He is cutting the apple ________ a knife. [单选题] *A．inB．toC．with(正确答案)D．by2、39．__________ he was very tired, he didn’t stop working. [单选题] * A．Although (正确答案)B．WhenC．AfterD．Because3、_____ of the land in this area _____ covered with forest. [单选题] *A. Two-fifth; isB. Two fifth; areC. Two fifths; is(正确答案)D. Two fifths; are4、They lost their way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was night began to fall. [单选题] *A. thatB. itC. what(正确答案)D. which5、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting6、The trouble turned out to have nothing to do with them. [单选题] *A. 由…引发的B. 与…有牵连C. 给…带来麻烦D. 与…不相干(正确答案)7、Finally,I have _____ interesting to share with you,and I am sure you will be interested in it. [单选题] *A. everythingB. something(正确答案)C. nothingD. anything8、Growing vegetables（）constantly watering. [单选题] *A. neededB. are neededC. were neededD. needs(正确答案)9、Don’t read in bed. It’s _______ your eyes. [单选题] *A. good atB. good forC. bad atD. bad for(正确答案)10、It is reported（）three people were badly injured in the traffic accident. [单选题] *A. whichB. that(正确答案)C.whileD.what11、If it _______ tomorrow, I won’t go there. [单选题] *A. rains(正确答案)B. is rainingC. will rainD. would rain12、12．That is a good way ________ him ________ English. [单选题] * A．to help；forB．helps；withC．to help；with(正确答案)D．helping；in13、Can you _______ this form? [单选题] *A. fillB. fill in(正确答案)C. fill toD. fill with14、12．Who will ________ the Palace Museum after Shan Jixiang retires? [单选题] * A．in chargeB．in charge ofC．be in charge of (正确答案)D．be in the charge of15、A lot of students in our school were born _______ March, 1 [单选题] *A. in(正确答案)B. atC. onD. since16、My watch usually _______ good time, but today it is five minutes fast. [单选题] *A. goesB. makesC. keeps(正确答案)D. gains17、—______ —（）[单选题] *A. How long did you stay there?B. How much did you pay for the dress?C. How many flowers did you buy?(正确答案)D. How often did you visit your grandparents?18、Look at those black clouds! Take ______ umbrella or ______ raincoat with you. （）[单选题] *A. a; anB. an; a(正确答案)C. an; anD. a; a19、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so20、--_______ do you have to do after school?--Do my homework, of course. [单选题] *A. What(正确答案)B. WhenC. WhereD. How21、I am so excited to receive a _______ from my husband on my birthday. [单选题] *A. present(正确答案)B. percentC. parentD. peace22、Hearing that he had passed _____ health examination, he immediately made _____ call to his parents. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; a(正确答案)D. a; the23、He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. [单选题] *A despite ofB. in spite of(正确答案)C. regardless ofD in case of24、65．There is a big sale on in the shop! Every-thing is ________ price. [单选题] *A．bigB．fullC．zeroD．half(正确答案)25、Becky is having a great time ______ her aunt in Shanghai. （）[单选题] *A. to visitB. visitedC. visitsD. visiting(正确答案)26、John is fond of playing _____ basketball and Jack is keen on playing _____ piano. [单选题] * A．/…the(正确答案)B．the…/C．/…/D．the…the27、My mother and my aunt are both _______. They work in a big supermarket. [单选题] *A. actressesB. doctorsC. salesmenD. saleswomen(正确答案)28、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)29、50．—The sweater is not the right ________ for me.—Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one? [单选题] *A．priceB．colorC．size(正确答案)D．material(材料)30、How can I _______ the nearest supermarket? [单选题] *A. get offB. get upC. get to(正确答案)D. get on。
商务英语阅读考试复习重点
商务英语阅读考试复习重点第⼀单元财经⼀、学习⽬的与要求通过本单元学习，认知商贸英语⽂章的内在逻辑关系，帮助学⽣提⾼阅读理解的能⼒，了解国际财经概况。
⼆、考核知识点与考核⽬标（⼀）课内训练（重点）识记：1. When Banker’s Bets Go Bad银⾏家的猜测落空名词解释：OCC: Office of the Comptroller of the Currency 通货监理局Alan Greenspan 艾伦·格林斯潘，美联储主席句⼦翻译：1)The bank had doubled profits in the past year via a string of successful mergers, but on Apr. 21 it reported that its securities portfolio had unrealized losses of nearly $131 million.2)We’re considering strategies that make the most sense if rates are going up much more aggressively and sooner than anticipated.2. Creating Government Financing Programs for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises in China中国为中⼩型企业提供政府财政援助项⽬名词解释：Labor-intensive 劳动密集型SME: small and medium-sized enterprise 中⼩型企业SOE: state-owned enterprises 国有企业句⼦翻译：In China, as a result of the economic reforms and market opening measures, SMEs have enjoyed remarkable development and have grown to become an important force in contributing towards sustained and rapid growth of theChinese economic.（⼆）阅读技巧（次重点）应⽤：阅读的逻辑技巧（三）课外练习（⼀般）理解：1.Carlyle Group’s Asian Invasion加雷集团的亚洲扩张名词解释：Venture-capital 风险资本Carlyle Group 凯雷投资集团Citigroup 花旗集团2. Why the Dollar Is Blooming Again为什么美元再次复兴？名词解释：Greenback 美元（俚语）Lehman Brothers Inc 雷曼兄弟公司European Central Bank 欧洲中央银⾏Federal Reserve Bank 美国联邦储备银⾏（四）拓展阅读（⼀般）理解：1. How Banks Pretty up the Profit Picture银⾏如何美化收益前景2. Thai Stocks What Goes Up 泰国股市：到底是怎么了？3. Inventing to Order 以市场为导向开发产品4. I t’s an Office Party in Hong Kong⾹港办公楼地价之争第⼆单元⼈⼒资源管理⼀、学习⽬的与要求通过本单元学习，掌握商务英语阅读中的快速阅读技巧，了解⼈⼒资源管理概况。
商务英语阅读4
商务英语阅读4CPI即消费者物价指数(Consumer Price Index)，英文缩写为CPI，是反映与居民生活有关的产品及劳务价格统计出来的物价变动指标，通常作为观察通货膨胀水平的重要指标。
PPI 又称作生产者物价指数：生产者物价指数主要的目的在衡量各种商品在不同的生产阶段的价格变化情形。
inflation通货膨胀，一般定义为：在信用货币制度下，流通中的货币数量超过经济实际需要而引起的货币贬值和物价水平全面而持续的上涨。
在我国物价的普遍上涨即是一种通货膨胀。
而究其根本原因，则是国家中央银行的纸币发行量过于高。
因此，应该对物价上涨负责的部门不是发改委，而是中央银行；有效控制物价上涨的手段不是限价，而是把纸币发行量调控到合适的范围。
通货紧缩(deflation) ：当市场上流通货币减少，人民的货币所得减少，购买力下降，影响物价之下跌，造成通货紧缩。
长期的货币紧缩会抑制投资与生产，导致失业率升高及经济衰退。
对于其概念的理解，仍然存在争议。
但经济学者普遍认为，当消费者价格指数(CPI)连跌三个月，即表示已出现通货紧缩。
通货紧缩就是产能过剩或需求不足导致物价、工资、利率、粮食、能源等各类价格持续下跌。
一般要降低中央银行的再贴现率和法定存款准备金率，从社会主体手中买进政府债券，同时采用一切可能的方法，鼓励商业银行扩张信用，从而增加货币供给。
China's producer price index (PPI), which measures inflation at wholesale level, dropped 1.2 percent year on year in August, the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) said on Thursday.The PPI declined for a 30th straight month and at a faster pace than the previous month, confirming pressure from slowing economic growth.The PPI dropped 0.9 percent from a year ago in July, down from 1.1 percent in June and 1.4 percent in May.Factory prices of production materials declined 1.7 percent in August, contributing 1.3 percentage points to the PPI drop, while factory prices for consumer goo ds gained 0.2 percent, data showed.Yu Qiumei, senior statistician of the NBS, attributed the decline to price falling for a series of industrial products and material. Prices of crude oil and oil products ended a rising streak 倾向and started falling in August, while prices of coal, steel, concrete and cement remained on a losing track.Bucking the trend反潮流, producer prices in 30 sectors rose on a month-on-month basis. Prices in food processing and medicine production increased in August, withnon-ferrous metal smelting climbing for a fourth straight month.In the first eight months, the country's PPI dropped by 1.6 percent year on year, unchanged with the Jan-July period, the data showed.Yu said the market will continue to have a grim outlookas overcapacity生产能力过剩still weighs on industrial product prices.China's economy expanded 7.4 percent year on year in the first half of 2014, showing strong resilience r??z?li?ns回弹after a disappointing start of the year.Premier Li Keqiang on Wednesday also said China can meet its major economic goals this year and thatpolicymakers will not be distracted by short-term fluctuations of individual indicators.The data came along with the release of the consumer price inflation index消费价格通胀指数, which eased to 2 percent in August.China's inflation rate eased to 2 percent year on year in August, marking the lowest level in four months, according to data released by the National Bureau of Statistics统计局on Thursday.The Consumer Price Index (CPI), a main gauge/ɡe?d?/标准of inflation, increased 2 percent year on year in August, compared with 2.3 percent in July.Higher food prices were the main contributor to the CPI growth, Food prices in August rose 3 percent from a year ago, lifting the CPI by 1.01 percentage points.In the food category, the price of fresh fruit surged激增21.2 percent, increasing the CPI by 0.41 percentage points. Meanwhile, prices of pork, a staple of the Chinese diet, dropped 3.1 percent, dragging down the CPI reading by 0.1 percentage points.For the first eight months, China's CPI rose 2.2 percent from a year ago, which was far lower than the government full-year inflation control target of 3.5 percent.。
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Unit 1~2Mercantilism 重商主义 Neomeicantilist 新重商主义者Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff 配额和关税Government intervention 政府干预Zero-sum game 零和博弈Positive-sum game 常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期（+theory ……理论）Economies of scale 规模经济Diminishing returns 收益递减规律Green revolution 绿色革命Voluntary restriction 自动出口限制Deposit 佣金First mover advantage 先占优势Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit 信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑（+bill …汇票）Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易Mercantilism suggests that it is in a country’s best interest to maintain a trade surplus -- to export more than it imports（重商主义就是保持贸易顺差以实现一国的最大利益---出口超过进口）Mercantilism advocates government intervention(介入) to achieve a surplus in the balance of trade （重商主义主张政府介入以便实现对外贸易顺差）It views trade as a zero-sum game - one in which a gain by one country results in a loss by another （将贸易看成零和博弈，一个国家收益一个国家受损）Absolute Advantage 绝对优势Adam Smith argued that a country has an absolute advantage in the production of a product when it is more efficient than any other country in producing it亚当斯密认为一个国家生产一种商品比其他任何国家效率都高时存在绝对优势According to Smith, countries should specialize in the production of goods for which they have an absolute advantage and then trade these goods for the goods produced by other countries 按照亚当斯密的说法，各国应该专门生产具有绝对优势的商品，然后用他们交换其他国家生产的商品The Benefit（好处） of Absolute Advantage and Free TradeThe Principle for International Division of Labor–Absolute Advantage 国际分工的原则---绝对优势The Consequence（结果） of Division of Labor and Free Trade 分工的结果和自由贸易1. To Production: the Flow of the Factor of Production 生产要素的流动； the Efficiency of Factor Distribution 要素分配效率；the Quantity of Production 产品质量。
2. To Consumer: Welfare from Free Trade自由贸易福利: low price of imports and more consumption 低价格的进口更多的消费Comparative Advantage比较优势Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage suggests that countries should specialize in the productionof those goods they produce most efficiently and buy goods that they produce less efficiently from other countries, even if this means buying goods from other countries that they could produce more efficiently at home李嘉图的比较优势理论认为一个国家分工生产最有效率的产品，而从别国购买自己生产效率相对较低的产品，甚至从别国购买自己更能有效生产的产品是有意义choose bigger one in two advantages and smaller one in two disadvantages 两利取重两害取轻Heckscher-Ohlin Theory 俄林理论Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin argued that comparative advantage arises from differences in national factor endowments（天赋）– the extent to which a country is endowed with resources like land, labor, and capital赫克歇尔和俄林认为比较优势是由各国生产要素禀赋的差异引起的，指一国的一些资源比如土地，劳动力还有资本 To take advantage of factor of endowmentsThe Heckscher-Ohlin theory predicts that countries will export goods that make intensive use of those factors that are locally abundant, while importing goods that make intensive use of factors that are locally scarce赫克歇尔-俄林理论预测一国将出口密集型使用本国充足要素的产品，进口密集使用本国稀缺要素的产品。
H-O vs Ricardo：Ricardo（comparative advantage stems from differences in productivity）；H-O（national factor endowments are responsible for the difference）New Trade Theory 新贸易理论New trade theory suggests that the ability of firms to gain economies of scale (unit cost reductions associated with a large scale of output) can have important implications for international tradeNew trade theory suggests that:through its impact on economies of scale, trade can increase the variety of goods available to consumers and decrease the average cost of those goods贸易可以通过对规模经济的影响增加消费品的种类，降低这些商品的平均成本in those industries when output required to attain economies of scale represents a significant proportion of total world demand, the global market may only be able to support a small number of enterprises一些应该达到规模经济的产业，所生产的产品占世界总需求的比重较大，这样全球市场就只能容纳数量很少的企业Factor Endowments 要素禀赋Factor endowments refer to a nation’s position in factors of production necessary to compete in a given industry 要素禀赋理论意味着国家态度对一个特定行业生产要素的竞争是很必要的A nation's position in factors of production can lead to competitive advantage国家对生产要素的使用态度可以导致比较优势These factors can be either basic (natural resources, climate, location) or advanced (skilled labor, infrastructure, technological know-how) 要素可以是基础的也可以是高等的Economy of the scale规模效应It refers to the ability to increase the output of a product with specialization owning to larger scale and lower unit costs.Economy of scale is derived by spreading fixed cost over a larger output,First-Mover Advantages 第一进入者优势Being a first mover can have important competitive implications, especially if there are economies of scale and the global industry will only support a few competitors第一进入者有重要的竞争影响，特别是规模经济或者全球行业只有少量竞争者时Firms that establish a first-mover advantage may dominate global trade in that product.公司建立了第一个优势可能会在全球贸易中占主导地位Product life cycle theory产品生命周期理论：as products mature，both the location of sales and of production chance，thereby affecting the pattern of exports and imports.For many，especially technology products。