B4U2 Ving 动名词作主语,宾语
动名词作主语、宾语和表语
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英语语法：动名词作主语、表语、宾语
英语语法：动名词作主语、表语、宾语前几期介绍了英语语法：非谓语动词的三种形式和用法、不定式的结构（一）、不定的结构（二）、不定式的时态、语态和用法、不定式作状语、不定式的省略、不定式时态的用法、动名词的结构。
这一期学习英语语法：动名词的结构动名词作主语、表语、宾语。
动名词兼有名词、动词、形容词、副词的性质，能广泛充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语。
1）作主语Doing is not so easy as saying.做不像说那么容易。
Flying in the sky is great fun.在空中飞行很好玩。
Sing is better than saying.唱比说好听。
Walking in the water is great interesting.在水中走很有趣。
说明：动名词作主语时（特别是较长时）常可换用形式主语的句式：It is no use shouting hysterically.歇斯底里叫没有用。
It is no good crying over spilt milk.牛奶泼掉了哭也没用。
It was good meeting you here.在这碰到你真好。
2）作表语Her job is looking after children.她的工作是照看小孩。
My hobby is reading books.我的爱好是看书。
His job is sweeping streets.他的工作是打扫街道。
My sister’s hobby is playing games.我妹妹的爱好是玩游戏。
3）作宾语I enjoy singing.我喜欢唱歌。
He always avoids offending others.他总是避免冒犯别人。
My brother enjoys dancing disco.我弟弟喜欢调迪斯科。
She always advises saying quietly.她经常建议小声说话。
五动名词现在分词过去分词Ving结构
attempt, begin, continue, forget, remember, hate, learn, like, love, prefer, need, regret, start, stop, try, want
作主语 Learning without practice is no good. 作主语时有时用it引导的形式主语。 It is no good learning without practice. It is worthwhile discussing the question again.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
一般地，Ving 结构作主语、表语、动词宾语、 介词宾语、前置定语时为动名词，后置定语、 状语时为现在分词。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)
动名词：既具有动词的性质，后可接宾语，可 用副词修饰语，又占据名词的位置，可作主语、 动词宾语、介词宾语和补语。
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)一
They began studying computer last week.
动名词、现在分词 (V+ing结构)四
1. remember, forget, regret Can’t you remember telling me the story last night? You must remember to tell him the news. I don’t regret telling her what I thought. 2. need, want The letter needs signing. =The letter needs to be
必修4U2 V-ing动名词做主宾语
• 不去追逐你所渴求的,你将永远不会拥 有；不开口去问,得到的回答永远是 No；不往前走，你就将永远停留。
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
Revision 1.什么是主语? 什么是宾语? 2.什么词可作主语? 什么词可作宾 语?
结论:主语和宾语一般为名词或者代词。
He likes his dog. His dog likes him.
3. 这值得一试。 It is worth/worthwhile trying. 4. But it is no use worrying about it without doing anything (什么事都不 做). 5. Saving some money (攒些钱)against a rainy day is necessary.
李阳疯狂句子
• ______________（上学）is boring. Going to school
Going to work • ______________（上班）is even more boring. Having money • ______________（有钱）and doing nothing ______________（不做事）is my dream.
动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not。
如：
没有刷牙让她闻起来很臭。 Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad.
【即时练习】
1. ______________________________ Not finishing his homework
(没有完成作业) makes him upset.
动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词后只能接动词-ing形式作宾 语，如 avoid(避免), finish(完成), practice(练习), imagine(想象), admit(承认), risk(冒险), stand(忍受), mind(介意), consider(考虑), forbid(禁 止), appreciate(欣赏)等。
英语动名词语法讲解：动名词作主语、表语、宾语
英语动名词语法讲解：动名词作主语、表语、宾语动名词兼有名词、动词、形容词、副词的性质，能广泛充当主语、表语、宾语、宾补、状语、定语。
1.有30多个常用动词(-ing)后面必须用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式，因为动名词(-ing)的时间含义(同时，任何时)能与这些动词的时间相一致，而不定式(表将来)在时间上与这些动词相矛盾。
2.有些动词后面接动名词(-ing)和不定式均可以，意思也没有什么差别。
start doing/ to do sth.开始做某事begin doing/ to do sth.开始做某事continue doing/ to do.继续做某事3.有些动词后面可以接动名词或者不定式作宾语，但意思有些差异。
常见的动词:like, love, hate, prefer, learn…We like swimming, but we don’t like to swimthisafternoon.我们喜欢游泳,但今天下午不想游。
(like swimming指“经常性的喜欢”，like to swim指“一次性喜欢”)She loves dancing.她喜欢跳舞。
She loves to dance tonight.她今晚喜欢跳舞。
I learned swimming.我学过游泳。
I learned to swim.我学了下游泳。
4.有些动词后接动名词或者不定式在意思上相差很大。
常见的这类动词有：remember, forget, regret…I remember posting the two parcels.我记得已寄走两个包裹。
(动名词表示过去)I remember to post the two parcels.我记得要寄两个包裹。
(不定式表示将来)He regrets offending three classmates.他后悔得罪了3个同学。
(已得罪)He regrets to offend three classmates.他很遗憾要得罪3个同学。
ving的用法
--ving的用法：一．--ving的分类：1．动名词=动词+名词，可以在句中做主语，宾语，表语，定语。
2．现在分词=动词+形容词，可以在句中做表语，定语，宾语补助语以及状语。
主动形式被动形式一般式doing being done完成式having done having been done二．动名词做主语的用法1.抽象、笼统的动作或泛指某动作行为。
Eg.Acting out stereotypes of people from different countries can be very funny. Playing football is his hobby.Sleeping is a great pleasure.Learning a foreign language is very useful for everyone.Arguing with her is a waste of time.2. 用it代替动名词做主语的情况，结构有：It is no use/ good/ fun/ a waste of time doing sth.It’s no use going there today; he won’t be there.It’s a waste of time arguing about it. 三．动名词做宾语的用法可以置于行为动词和介词后。
Eg.I suggested having a picnic. However, we didn’t reach an agreement.I have finished checking the homework. He is good at drawing.只能用动名词做宾语的动词及短语如下Advice, avoid, allow, appreciate, enjoy, escape, finish, dislike, imagine, mind, permit, practise, suggest, can’t help, give up, insist on, feel like, spend / waste time, have difficulty/ problem/ trouble doing sth, etc.在介词后面做宾语：devote to, look forward to, be fond of, prevent from, beengaged in（忙于）, depend on,be/get/become used to等Need, want, require, be worth 后接动名词主动表示被动的含义，如：The room needs cleaning. = the room needs to be cleaned.The movie is worth seeing.有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同，须认真加以区别：I forgot to close the door before I left the room.I forgot having closed the door.He tried to write better. (尽量努力地写) He tried writing with a brush. (用毛笔试着写)I couldn’t help finishing it. (不能不结束某事)I couldn’t help to finish it. (不能帮助结束某事)They left off fishing. (停止钓鱼)They left off to fish. (离开某处出发去钓鱼)I regret to say that there is no wine in the bottle. (对现在要发生的事表示遗憾、抱歉)I regret not taking your advice. (后悔) 四．动名词和现在分词做定语的用法。
必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
必修四Unit2动词-ing形式作主语和宾语动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。
Playing tricks on others is something we should never do.②用形式主语it，把真正作主语动的名词结构移置句尾。
但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful, useless, good, fun, no use, worth等。
如：It’s worth making the effort.这事值得去做。
It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 和夏洛克争辩是没有什么用的。
Is it any good trying to explain? 想再解释一次有好处吗？It is pleasant working with you. 跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。
③在there be结构中作主语，这种结构的意思相当于“It is impossible to do…”如：There is no hiding of evil but not to do it. 若要人不知，除非己莫为。
Here is no joking about such matter. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There was no knowing when he would leave. 无法知道他什么时候离开。
动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别动名词表示的动作通常是一个泛指的动作，不定式则通常表示具体的动作。
如：As a child, she felt that visiting sick people was a duty and a pleasure.还是个孩子的时侯，她就觉得探视病人是一种责任，也是一种愉悦。
To be a guest in an American home will be a good experience for me.到美国人家里做客对我来说将是一个极好的经历。
Book4Unit2-4动词ing形式做主语宾语表语宾补定语状语
动词v-ing形式的基本概念1. 动词-ing形式的构成: 是在动词末尾加-ing 形式构成, 因此又叫动词的 -ing 形式。
如: do-doing, be-being, ask-asking, etc.否定形式: not+ -ing 构成2. 动词-ing形式不能单独作谓语, 没有人称和数的变化, 但可以有自己的宾语和状语, 还有时态和语态的变化。
3. 动词-ing形式由动词加-ing变化而成, 它同时具有名词和动词的特征, 在句中可以作主语、宾语等。
Doing Not doingBeing done Not being done Having done Not having done Having been done Not having been doneBook4 Unit2 动词-ing形式作主语和宾语I. 动词v-ing形式做主语1. 动词v-ing形式可直接置于句首作主语。
表示经常的、习惯性的动作或状态, 谓语动词通常用单数。
如：①Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old.②Watching news on TV has become aroutine(日常习惯) for me.③Learning about a language is easier than using it.2. 为了保持句子平衡，通常用先行词it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末，可以作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词，如useful，useless, good, fun, no use, worthwhile等①It is no use crying over spilt milk.作无益的后悔是没有用的。
②It is useless trying to argue(争辩) with Shylock(夏洛克,人名)．③It’s fun jumping into cool water in hot summer.④It’s good using your head often.3. 动词-ing形式作主语的常用it作形式主语的句型有：①It +be +a waste(浪费) of time doing 做……是浪费时间的②It is/was no good/use doing 做……是没用处的③It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的④There is/was no point(意义) doing干…无意义⑤There is no sense in doing 做…没有道理⑥It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做……不值得There is no doing 无法……; 不允许……There is/was no use doing 干…无意义There is/was nothing worse than doing 没有比…更糟的e.g.①There was no knowing where we would go. 我们不知道要去哪儿。
Ving_动名词的用法---最好
既跟动词ing又接不定式作宾语的动词歌诀:
双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下 去。 不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需 要。 begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue. remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require
c.主谓一致：动名词作主语时，单个V-ing作主 语，谓语动词用单数；两个或两个以上表达 不同意义的V-ing作主语，谓语动词常用复 数 is be) not easy. Writing an English composition ___(
Chatting with them ______ (improve) our mind. improves
are (be) really Watching TV and reading books _____ interesting.
2．作宾语 a.只能加Ving作宾语的动词(短语) (口诀版) 考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse/ pardon 承认推迟没得想: admit, delay / put off , fancy 避免错过继续练：avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practice 否认完成停能赏：deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡：can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape 不准冒险凭想象: forbid , risk , imagine
b.接Ving作宾语的其他短语 be used to(习惯做), feel like(喜欢), be busy (in) (忙于), be tired of(厌烦), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), think of / about(考虑), keep on(继续), insist on(坚持), be good at(擅长), give up(放弃), can’t stand (无法忍受) spend… (in) doing, devote… to doing succeed in doing(成功做), have difficulty / trouble (in) doing (做…有麻烦)
高中英语课件-B4U2 Ving-动名词作主语-宾语
总结
• 动词不能直接做主语或宾语。 • V-ing形式能做主语或者宾语。
一： v+ing
动词的-ing
动名词 即保留动词的属性，又 起名词的作用：主语，宾语，表语
千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！
1. 直接加-ing：help--- helping play---playing 2. 以e结尾且不发音的单词：have-having write---writing 3. 重读闭音节，run---running swim--swimming
无法知道他什么时候离开。 There was _n_o_k_n_o_w__in_g when he would
leave.
1. It is no use /good doing… 做…是没有用处/好处的
2. It is worthwhile doing… 做…是值得的
3. It’s a waste of time doing… 做…是浪费时间的
改错：Collecting stamps and running are is his hobbies. 注意：两个或者两个以上表达不同意义的 V-ing 做主语谓语动词用复数
1. Watching TV and reading books are really interesting.
2. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
动名词的复合结构作主语
1. 形容词性物主代词+动名词 逻辑主语
2. 名词所有格(’s)+动名词 1) 我姐姐病了，使我很担心。 M__y_s_i_s_te_r_'_s__ being ill made me worried.
非谓语动词ving用法小结
动名词做主语、宾语精讲精练一、动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语常常表示常常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也能够表示详细的动作。
如：Painting is his hobby．绘画是他的喜好。
Talking mends no holes．空谈杯水车薪。
动名词做主语和不定式做主语相同，也能够用it作形式主语。
如：It is no use talking without doing．言而不行没实用。
不定式做主语常常表示详细的特别是未来的动作。
如：It's so hot．What I want to do now is to have a swim in a river．天这么热，此刻我想做的事是在河里游泳。
【考例】— What do you think made Mary so upset— __________ her new bicycle．（ 1997上海高考题）A． As she lost B ．LostC． Losing D ． Because of losing该题正确选项为C， losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，losing．．．在此表示详细的动作。
二、动名词作宾语的用法1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。
如admit，appreciate，avoid，can't stand （不能忍耐），consider，delay，de- vote ．．．to ，dislike enjoy，escape ，excuse ，feel like ，finish， forgive， get down to， give up， imagine， insist on， keep（on）， look forwardto ，mention ，mind，miss（错过），pay attention to ，practice， put off ，stick to ，suggest等等。
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increasing the rice output.
Yuan Longping searched for a way to
increase rice harvests without expanding
the area of the fields.
The –ing form as the Subject ＆Object
③在there be结构中作主语句型： • There is no doing sth. 不允许；无法做…… 相当于“It is impossible to do… ”。 1) There is no joking about such matter.
这种事开丌得玩笑。
2) There was no knowing when he would
㈡动名词可具有语态意义 （being done，having been done）其否定形
式是：not being done, not having been
done
1.He attended the party without ____. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited 2.Rebecca was unhappy for _____ the first chance to go abroad. A. not having been given B. not having given C. not giving D. having been given
完成下面的句子并判断V-ing在句子中充 当什么成分。
Playing football is my favourite sport. _______ _______
主语
My sister enjoy
_________ alone on standing the seashore.
宾语
amusing The cartoon is _________.
1．作主语 a.吨义：表示经常性、习惯性的动作戒状态 比较丌定式(to do)作主语：表示某次具体 动作戒意义。 1) Watching news on TV has become a routine for me. 在电视上看新闻已经成了我的一种日常习惯。 2) He realized that to go on like this was wrong. 他意识到继续这样下去是错的。
V+-ing
☆直接加-ing
See-ing Talk-ing Say-ing do-ing
☆不发音字母e结尾的单词去e加-ing
believe come
☆“辅元辅”的单词要双写最后一个字母
再加-ing
running equipping ridding
referring regret ing permitting hitting
1)Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? 1)和她吵架值得吗？ 2)It’s no good waiting here. Let’s go 2)在这里等是没用的。我们回家吧。 home. 3)读那本书真是浪费时间。 reading that 3)It was a waste of time book. 4) Is it any good trying to explain? 4) 试着解释有任何好处吗？ 5) It is pleasant working with you. 5) 和你一起工作真愉快。
are Watching TV and reading books _____ (be) really interesting.
1．作宾语 a.只能加Ving作宾语的动词(短语) (口诀版) 考虑建议盼原谅: consider, suggest / advise, look forward to, excuse/ pardon 承认推迟没得想: admit, delay / put off , fancy 避免错过继续练：avoid , miss ,keep /keep on , practice 否认完成停能赏：deny , finish , stop ,enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡：can’t help , mind , allow/ permit ,escape 不准冒险凭想象: forbid , risk , imagine
I’ll remember ___________ (post) the letter． to post
I shall never forget seeing (see) the famous writer． ________ Don’t forget to write (write) to your mother． _________ I regret _________ (miss) the report． missing to say I regret __________ (say) I can’t take your
2完成式（having done)
表示Ving的动作在谓语动词的动作乊前发生。
我为没能遵守诺言表示歉意。 （乊前发生） I apologize for not having kept my promise． 他因对国家做了这样大的贡献而受到表扬。 He was praised for having made such a contribution to the country． （乊前发生）
He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah- jong, swimming and reading. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him. Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.
表语
America is a developed country, while China is a ___________ country. developing
定语
singing We heard Tommy _______ in his room.
宾语补足语
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. _______
C．forget/remember/regret doing sth.
forget/remember/regret to do sth.
动名词表示已经发生的动作；
不定式表示将要发生的动作。
I remember posting __________ (post ) the letter yesterday ．
状语
1. V-ing形式是在动词末尾加 -ing ，属
于非谓语动词。
否定形式：not+ v-ing
2. V-ing形式在句子中充当主语、宾语、
表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。
Ving可具有时态意义
1有一般式（doing）
表示Ving的动作不谓语动词的动作同时发生戒在其 后发生，戒表示一般性动作，没有时间概念. She is proud of being beautiful．她为自己的 美丽而骄傲。（同时） I am thinking of going to the park this afternoon． 我想下午去看工业展览。（在其后)
M4 Unit 2 Grammar
—used as Subject and Object
Ving forms
Have you ever seen these signs?
Parking
Spitting
Littering
Smoking
Ving的形式你知道吗？
那么简单，谁不知道。 是由动词末尾加 -ing 形式构成
leave.
无法知道他什么时候离开。
1)There is no sense in doing 做、、、没有道理 2)There is no point doing 干、、、无意义 做这件傻事毫无意义。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 3)There is no need to do sth 干、、、没必要(在此句式中to do 丌可换 为doing) 没有必要告诉她。 There is no need to tell her.
1．作主语 b.形式：动名词作主语时，句子有三种形式： ①动名词直接置于句首。 1) Learning new words is very important to me． 学习新单词对我来说非常重要。 2) Talking is easier than doing. 说比做容易。
②动词-ing形式作主语时常后置, 用it作形式 主语。常见句式有： • It is a waste of time doing 做、、、是浪费时间的 • It is no good/use doing • It is useless doing sth. 做、、、是没益/用处的 • It is hardly worth doing 做、、、不值得 • It is worth/worthwhile doing 做、、、是值得的
1．作宾语 c. 有些动词后可跟to do和v-ing形式作宾语 begin，start，continue，like，love，prefer， mean，forget，remember，hate等。 A．like/ love/ hate，prefer doing… 动名词表示泛指的动作 like，love，hate，prefer to do… 不定式表示具体的一次性动作。 B．begin/start，continue doing/ to do… 用动名词和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤 其是当主语是人的时候。