《新思维英语阅读Ⅲ》教学辅导(第2章)

《新思维英语阅读Ⅲ》教学辅导(第2章)CHAPTER 2GENDER ROLESTheme Introduction:Most of us would agree that men and women are different, but we disagree about exactly how and why they are different. The differences sometimes cause problems in family and social systems. In this chapter you will look at the question of gender roles, the roles we take in our family and at work according to our gender. Are these gender roles natural or created by society? Do different societies have different gender roles? And how are gender roles changing in today's world?Reading Skill Practised: Predicting and SurveyingGood readers can predict the content of what they will read, that is, they can guess the general ideas before they read. Do they have special magic powers? Probably not! They have simply learned to skim the title, headings, photos, etc. in order to gather a little information before reading. Skimming something in order to make predictions is called "surveying". Surveying a reading passage, a chapter, and a textbook before reading it helps the reader to make a mental map, and to read more quickly and accurately.Reading Skill (1): PredictingPredicting means to guess something, based on some information. Weathermen predict the weather, using clues and information. Research shows that readers who are skillful at predicting information, read more quickly and accurately. You can predict the content of the article, before you read it, by skimming. One reason to skim an article is to predict the general idea and the basic content.One way to use prediction in your reading is to make questions before you read. Asking your own pre-reading questions makes you an active reader. Another way to make predictions is to use your own background knowledge (what you already know) to imagine what the writer will say.Practice (Take Reading One as an Example)1. What do you want to know about gender differences? Write down two questions.2. Skim the article again, noticing the headings. From your own knowledge of gender differences, write down any facts you already know about the topics of these headings.Reading Skill (2): Surveying an ArticleBefore reading "A Women's World" (Reading Two), take about one minute to survey it. Surveying is skimming something in order to make predictions. Here are the steps for surveying an article: 1. Check to see how long the passage is. About how long will it take you to read it once? _______ words _________ minutes2. Skim (let your eyes move through the passage) and underline the following:titlefirst sentencelast sentence3. Skim the article very quickly, circling any subtitles, boldface or italicized words, special punctuation.4. Underline the first sentence in each paragraph. Skim those sentences only. Now try to predict the content. From your prediction, which of the following best describes the content of the reading? Tick your choice.___ The problems with the matriarchal system of the Khasi tribe___ The good points of the matriarchal system of the Khasi tribe___ The differences between boys and girls in the Khasi tribe5. Part of surveying a passage is active questioning. Good readers predict the content by making questions. What do you want to know about this topic? Write down two questions.Reading Skill (3): Surveying Your TextbookAs you have learned, to survey means to skim before reading, in order to make predictions about the general content. This is helpful in understanding a reading passage. It is also useful to survey your textbook when you start a new course. Take about 10 minutes now to survey your textbook, answering the following questions. Remember to use your skimming skills:1. Name of textbook:2. Skim the table of contentsHow many chapters are there?How many readings in each chapter?Which chapter titles catch your eye?3. Skim the Preface or Introduction. What is the purpose of this textbook? What is the most interesting thing that you read in the preface?4. Check the back of the book to see what is there. Mark an x beside any of these study aids you find:____ Answer Key____ References /Bibliography____ Glossary____ Index5. Write 3 sentences describing the contents of this textbook to someone who has never seen it.Rending Skill (4): Surveying a ChapterThe purpose of surveying a chapter is to see how the chapter is organized. If you survey the chapter before you start to read it, you will have a helpful map in your mind of the general content. This will help you to read more quickly and accurately.Steps for Surveying a Textbook Chapter:●Check the length of the chapter and decide whether or not you have time to read it all, or ifyou should divide it into two or more reading sessions.●Read the chapter title and subtitles, and ask yourself what you already know about it.●Look at any pictures, diagrams, or other visual aids.●Read the introduction to the theme and reading skill.Such a survey can help you predict the chapter's content, help you get your mind on the topic, and help you judge the time you will need to complete the chapter. The questions which you ask after surveying will give you a personal purpose for reading and help you keep your focus on the topic.Main Idea of Reading Materials:Reading One:本文通过对比的方式揭示了男性与女性在生理上以及在社会环境中体现出来的性别差异。