大学英语B级语法重点

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英语b级语法、词组、单词集合

大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

英语B级语法考点完整版

B级考试词汇语法要点解析Ⅰ虚拟语气一. 概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

二．在非真实条件句中的应用☆非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。

☆时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。

它的基本特点是时态比真实语气退后。

1. 主语从句中的虚拟语气主语从句中的虚拟语气主要取决于某些形容词和过去分词，用来表示建议、命令、要求、惊异和失望等。

其形式为：It is/ was +adj. +（should）动词原形…。

常这样用的形容词有：appropriate 适当的advisable 适当的，合理的better 较好的desirable 理想的essential 精华的imperative 迫切的important 重要的insistent 坚持的natural 自然的necessary 必要的preferable 优越的，较好的strange 奇怪的urgent 紧迫的vital 极其重要的常这样用的过去分词有：desired, demanded, ordered, requested, suggested, recommended, required 等。

例：It is essential that you (should) win the voters’ hearts. 赢得选民的心是绝对必要的。

例：It was suggested that he (should) join the club activities.有人提议他应该参加俱乐部的活动。

[真题（2000.06）]：It is advised that we (sign) ________ an agreement right after the discussion.2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气1）某些动词后所接宾语从句中的谓语动词要求用虚拟语气，用来表示建议、命令和要求等。

B级考试常见语法总结(再次补充版09[1].5)

B级考试常见语法总结(From Model Test: Jun. 2002 --- Dec. 2008)一、虚拟语气1）if 引导的条件句与现在事实相反一般过去时would/could/should +一般现在时一般过去时与将来事实相反Should do would/could/should +一般现在时Were to doe.g. If the team members hadn’t helped me, I (fail) ____ in the last experiment.If I (not drink) _____ so much coffee yesterday afternoon, I would have been able to sleep well last night.If 省略引起倒装：1) Were I you , I would go to visit the Great Wall.2) Should it be fine tomorrow, he would come to join us.3) Had she been there, he might have argued with you.2）动词类：require (该词相当重要), advise, suggest, insist, propose, order, request, recommend, demand, desire, command, urge, ask, prefer 等从句：that sb. (should) do sth.e.g. The manager required that all the employees arrive at the office before 9:00 in the morning.I suggest that he (call) ____ on the director a week later.The boss insisted that Mr. Copper (give) ____ up his experiment at once.3) 形容词类：important, necessary, natural, possible, strange, advisable, desirable等从句that sb. (should) doIt is high time he picked up his child.t go with them to the beach yesterday. But I wish I had been there.6) as if/as though（好像）, would rather（宁愿）等：与过去相反→过去完成时；与现在、将来相反→一般过去时e.g. He looks at me as if I were a stranger.I would rather John hadn’t spoken rudely to me just now.7) for fear that + (should) + do (以防)e.g. I left him a message for fear that (should) miss the concert.二、形容词比较级、最高级1) -er, more / -est, moste.g. It is a fact that traditional meals are (healthy) _____ than fast foods.One can jump (high) ____ on the moon than on the earth.Of all the hotels in the city, this one is the (good)_____.2) as…as… e.g. His brother can run as (fast) ____ as he can.3) The more…., the more…. 越来越…e.g. The earlier you start, the sooner you will be back.三、条件状语从句(Not…until, till, if, unless, as soon as, when, while, before, after, the moment等) 主将从现(这个用法太重要了！)e.g. We won’t be able to leave the office until the rain stops.The machine will continue to make much noise unless we have it repaired.…形式宾语: Sb. +v. + it +adj. / n + to do sth. / that…e.g. It is quite difficult for Mary to pass the interview.Mary found it extremely difficult to pass the examination.五、强调句型it is + 被强调的部分+ that …..e.g. It was in China that the agreement was signed.六、定语从句（关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose, where等）e.g. Few people who applied for the position meet the requirements of the company.The old man has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.On April 1st they flew to Beijing, where they stayed several days.非限定性定语从句：可有可无，用逗号隔开，关系代词用which (一种是只对所修饰的词作进一步说明；另一种是所用的关系代词指代前面整个句子), as (正如) 七、同位语从句: 抽象名词+引导词+从句（该名词与从句构成解释关系，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，但不能省略, 该引导词多数为that ）e.g. The fact that Mary was late for the meeting again made me angry.八、宾语从句（省略主语，引导词加不定式）e.g. The manager showed the new employee where to find the supplies表语从句：句子成分是主系表结构，表语本身是句子；1）表语从句是陈述句时，引导词用that, 且不能省略；e.g. What he told me to do was that I should get fully prepared before the interview.2）表语从句是一般疑问句时，引导词用whether (语序为陈述句) ；e.g. The problem is whether we can finish it on time.3）表语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词根据句意而定(语序为陈述句)九、情态动词(没有人称和单复数的变化；后面接动词原形)1）表示推测e.g. I can’t find the key to my office. I must have lost it on my way home.表示猜测时：Must 语气最为肯定，常用于肯定句；Can 语气比may肯定，常用于否定和疑问句中；May 语气较弱，常用于肯定和否定句中常见的情态动词完成时：1) Must have done一定已经；can’t have done 不可能已经；May have done 或许已经；2) should have done 本应该；3) needn’t have done 本不必Used to do (过去常常), be used to do(被用于做), be / get used to doing(习惯于做)e.g. Ｈe used to go shopping every day.The pen is used to write with.We have been used to getting up early.2）need, dare 做情态动词？实义动词？e.g. I am going to attend the conference, but you needn’t go / don’t need to go with me.The little child dare not (walk)____ in the forest alone.十、动词时态1）将来完成时: will / be going to have donee.g. By this time next year my family (live) _____ in this small town for 20 years.2）过去完成时: had donee.g. The policeman stopped the driver and found that he had drunk alcohol.3）现在完成时：have donee.g. Up till now I (spend) ____ a great deal of money on books.注意：by the time“到….时候”与完成时连用十一、被动语态be + V-ed (注意情态动词的被动语态)e.g. The new machine ought to (test)_____ before it is put to use.Most of the machines in the workshop will be repaired next month.Sixty people (employ) ____ in this factory last year.不同时态的被动语态：一般现在时：am / is /are + Ved; 一般过去时：was / were + V ed;一般将来时：am / is / are + going to be + V ed; will + be + done;现在进行时：am / is / are + being + V ed;过去进行时：was / were + being +V ed;现在完成时：have / has + been + Ved;过去完成时：had + been + Ved情态动词：各情态动词+ be + Ved十二、倒装(半倒装：助动词前提，动词用原形)1）否定副词: Hardly, never, little, seldom, rarely, nowhere, not, scarcely, neither…nor, not until, not only….but also…, by no means, in no time, not once 等在句首时引起句子的半倒装e.g. Never had I met such a good boss before I came to this company.Seldom have I seen my boss in such a good mood since I came to work in this company.2）肯定副词: often, so等在句首引起句子半倒装e.g. So loudly did he speak that the audience in the back heard him clearly.3) only 在句首，引起主句半倒装e.g. Only when the rain stopped, did I go home.Only then did Tom realize that he had made a big mistake.Only in this way, can the problem be solved.4) 表示频率的词在句首，引起句子半倒装（often ,always, once a week 等）e.g. Once a week do we join together to have a party.十三、主谓一致1）主语+ as well as, rather than, more than, in addition to, with, along with,together with, except 等作主语时，谓语动词和主语本身一致。

英语b级语法、词组、单词集合

大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容,为方便考生对语法知识的复习,现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下:(一)名词A、知识要点名词可分为可数名词与不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1.不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少,需在其前面加量词来表达。

如:a piece of news(一条新闻);two pieces of advice(两条建议)2.名词所有格的构成就是名词加“’s”,如:Mary’s room;如原词已有复数词尾-s,则只加“’”,如:the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词;名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成,通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如:the window of the classroom、B.例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______、A、furnitureB、furnituresC、pieces of furnitureD、pieces of furnitures解析:此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词,后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture,因此答案为C。

(二)冠词A、知识要点冠词就是一种虚词,用在名词前面,说明名词就是特指还就是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词与定冠词。

1、不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念,用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前,an用在元音开头的词前。

如:an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年;2、定冠词:the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前,或世界上独一无二的事物前;也用于乐器名词前。

如:the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴;3、不使用冠词的情况:在三餐饭、球类运动与娱乐活动的名称之前。

英语b级语法、词组、单词集合

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

大学英语B级语法重点

大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的基本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does 第三人称单数;通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态;. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学;2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作,可与表示频度的时间副词连用;. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑;3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态;. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.电话在响,我去接;4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing,表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作;. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子;5．过去进行时态动词形式为 was/were + doing,表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作;主语是I,she,he时用was. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了;6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done,常与already,recently, never,ever, yet,since 连用;用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作;. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了;或者表示过去某时间开始一直延续到现在的动作;. He has lived here since 1949.自从1949年以来,他一直住在这儿;7．过去完成时态动词形式为had done. 表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并一直延续到这一时刻、或是在此刻前已经完成的动作;. By the end of last term we had learned 1000 English words.到上学期末,我们已经学了1000个英语单词;非谓语动词A．知识要点1．动词不定式和动名词都可作主语;. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实;注意：常用it作形式主语,而将动词不定式放在谓语后面;. It is impossible for us to measure it in miles. 让我们用英里来计算不太可能;不定式前加一个for us表示不定式的动作是谁做的2．动词不定式和动名词都可作宾语;1有些及物动词只能用不定式作宾语,如：hope,want,wish,decide,manage等：. We all hope to see you. 我们都希望见到你;2有些及物动词只能用动名词作宾语,如：finish, avoid, enjoy, mind, insist on 等：. He has finished doing his work.他已经干完了他的工作;3有的及物动词既可用不定式,也可用动名词,但其意义有所不同;如：remember, forget, regret, stop … ,前者表示动作还没有做,后者表示动作已经做了;. I forgot taking aspirin and took it again a few minutes ago. 我忘了吃过阿司匹林,几分钟以前又吃了一次;3．动词不定式和分词作补足语;1一些表示感官词或使役动词,如see, hear, have, make, let等后面用不带to 的不定式作宾补;2不定式做宾语补足语,表示动作发生了即动作的全部过程结束了；现在分词作宾补,表示动作正在发生即处于发生的过程中,如：. I saw the boy climb the wall. 我看见小孩爬墙了;强调爬墙这件事. I saw the boy climbing the wall.我看见小孩在爬墙;强调爬墙的情景3现在分词作补足语,它与被补足的词之间是主动关系；过去分词作补足语,它与被补足的词之间是被动关系;如：. I had my house painted. 我让人给房子刷了油漆;直译：我让房子被刷了油漆4．非谓语动词也有否定结构、时态、语态;非谓语动词的否定结构是在它们前面加not来构成;如果非谓语动词表示的动作发在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之后或同时,用一般式,如果非谓语动词表示的动作在主要谓语动词所表示的动作之前,则用完成式;. They decide not to go.他们决定不去;. Tom’s not passing the exam made his father very angry.汤姆考试没有及格,这令他父亲非常生气;. Having finished the work, he went home.干完活后他回家了;分词having finished发生在went前主要情态动词A. 情态动词用来表示能力、允许、许诺、可能、必须、劝告、意愿等概念或态度;情态动词无人称变化,在句子中和动词原形一起组成谓语;常用的情态动词有must,can,be able to,need,shall, shouldought to, could,would;注意：mustn’t的意思是“禁止”,needn’t的意思是“无须,不必”;动词的语态A. 知识要点1．动词的语态表示主语和谓语之间的关系;英语有两种语态：主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者;被动语态的形式：be+过去分词;. Such stories are published for children.2．英语中的一些感官动词如see, watch, notice, hear和使役动词make, have, let +不带to的不定式do sth., 但在被动语态中to则不能少;. I saw him enter the classroom. / He was seen to enter the classroom.. 3．在need, want, require等及物动词后面接动名词的主动形式可以表示被动含义;. My hair needs cutting.我该理发了;虚拟语气B．知识要点1．虚拟语气用于if引导的条件状语从句表示对不可能发生的事实的一种假设；或对已经发生过的事实进行一种相反情况的假设；时间从句谓语形式主句谓语形式虚拟现在时与现在事实相反动词的过去式be一般用wereshould would, could,might +动词原形虚拟过去时与过去事实相反had done should would, could,might +have done虚拟将来时与将来事实可能相反动词过去式should+动词原形were to+动词原形s hould would, could,might +动词原形2．虚拟语气用在表示要求、命令、建议语气的词引导的从句中：1用在动词suggest建议, order命令, insist坚持, require需要, demand要求,propose提议等引导的宾语从句中,以及它们相应的名词suggestion, order, insistence, demand, proposal 后面的表语和同位语从句中,这个从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”. We suggested that heshouldstart now.我们建议他现在就开始;2 用在“It +be+ naturalnecessary,strange,important,essential以及insisted,suggested,ordered+that…”结构中的that引导的主语从句以及它们相应的名词引导的表语和同位语从句中；从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”. It’s neces sary that you should be present at the meeting. 你有必要参加会议;3．虚拟语气运用其他从句中：1运用在wish后面的从句中表示“愿望”,运用在as if从句中表示“好像”,谓语形式：用动词的过去式虚拟现在的情况；用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况；用would或might+动词原形虚拟将来的情况;I wish I knew the answer. 但愿我知道答案;It is wished that he had not made the mistake.他要没犯此错误该多好; The old lady is quarrelling with others as if she were mad.那位年老的女士正在和其他人争吵,就好像她疯了一样;3运用在would rather后面的从句中表示“希望”,用动词的过去式虚拟现在或将来的情况,用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况;. I’d rather I had seen the film. 我真希望我看过这部电影;4运用在It is high time后边的从句中表示“该干……的时间到了”,用动词的过去式或should+动词原形;. It is time that we had/should have a rest.该是我们休息的时间了;倒装句A. 知识要点倒装是指将句子的谓语动词或其助动词放在主语之前;. Then began a war between the two countries. 于是两国之间开始了战争;全部倒装Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我们很少感觉像在这里这么舒服;部分倒装常用倒装的两种情况1．出于句子结构的需要1在as, though引导的让步状语从句中,从句往往放在主句的前面,而且从句须以形容词、副词、名词或动词原形等开头;. Hard as she studied, she failed in this examination.2代词so, neither, nor等副词置于句首时, 表示“……也不/没有……”全句要倒装. Tom can speak English. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲英语,杰克也会;2．出于强调never, seldom, little, nor, hardly…when…, scarcely…when…, no sooner…than…, not only, not until等表示否定的副词或连词位于句首时；. Never in my life have I seen such a thing. 我一生中从未见过这样的事情; 强调结构A. 知识要点强调句的结构是：“It is / was + 被强调部分主语、宾语、表语或状语 +thatwho…”;当被强调的部分指的是事物、时间、地点、原因、方式……时,一律用that；当被强调的部分指的是人物时,用that或who皆可;. Mrs. Brown came to visit our college on Wednesday.→ It was on Wednesday that Mrs. Brown came to visit our college. 布郎太太是在星期三来参观我们学院的.从句1．名词从句A. 知识要点在句中起名词作用的从句称为名词从句,可以在句中作主语、宾语或介词宾语、表语、同位语等;名词性从句通常由that, whether/if, 疑问词which, what, why, how等以及连接词whenever“无论什么时候”, whatever“无论什么”等引导; 1由that引导的名词从句：that无任何语义,不做句子成分,仅起连接主、从句的作用;在宾语从句中常可省去,其他名词从句中不能省;. That she doesn’t understand spoken English is obviou s. 很明显她不懂口语;主从I think that he is a good actor. 我认为他是个好演员;宾从The truth is that he is only eighteen. 事实是他只有18岁;表从The fact that Ann was late didn’t surprise me.安迟到的事实不足为奇;同位语从句2由whether / if 引导的名词性从句：whether / if表示“是否”的意思;. Whether she goes with us or not is not important to me. 她是否和我们一起去对我而言不重要;主语从句I don’t know whether/if he will come. 我不知道他来不来;宾语从句3由疑问词引导的名词性从句：疑问词引导名词性从句时,在从句中担任语法成分,而且常保留其本身的含义;. Why they left the country is a secret.他们为什么离开了乡下是个秘密;主从She explained to him how he can start the car. 她向他解释怎样才能启动这辆汽车;宾从The question was who owned the house. 问题是谁是那房子的主人;表从4名词从句中注意的几点：①that引导主语从句或宾语从句时,可用it作形式主语或形式宾语;. It is strange that he make a mistake. 真怪,他竟做错了;主从,it为形式主语,真正的主语为that所引导的从句. He made it quite clear that he preferred to study English. 他很明确地说他宁愿学习英语;宾从,it为形式宾语,真正的宾语为that所引导的从句②在同位语从句中,可接同位语的名词通常是抽象名词,且通常带冠词;常见的有：idea主意, belief信仰, doubt疑问, evidence证据, fact事实, hope希望, message消息, news消息, orders命令, plan计划, promise许诺, feeling感觉, truth 真理,事实等;2．定语从句A. 知识要点1在句子中作定语的从句称为定语从句;. He is the person who / that is going to give a concert on the century square.↓ ↓先行词关联词他是那个要在世纪广场上举行音乐会的人;2关联词在定语从句中充当一定成分,关系代词/副词先行词在从句中的作用关系代词who 指人作主语whom 作宾语可省that 指人或物作主语/宾语作宾语时可省whose 作定语which 指物作主语/宾语关系副词when 表示时间的名词作时间状语where 表示地点的名词作地点状语why reason 作原因状语3只能用关系代词that的情况：① 先行词为all, anything, something等不定代词时,只能用that；. I have never taken anything that doesn’t belong to me.我从未拿过不属于我的任何东西;② 先行词前有最高级形容词及序数词first, last, next, only等修饰词时,只能用that;. He was one of the greatest scientists that ever lived.他是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一;He is the only one among us that knows English. 他是我们当中唯一一个懂英语的人;4只能用关系代词which的情况：① 定语从句前出现逗号时,只能用which引导；. I never met Mary again, which was a pity.② 关系代词在定语从句中作宾语且前面有介词时,只能用which引导;. The music to which we listened last night was written by my father. 我们昨晚听的那首曲子是我父亲写的;3．状语从句A. 知识要点用作状语的从句称为状语从句;它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词,从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况;状语从句的连接副词有很多,比如：when 当…时候while当…时候, as正当…时, every time每当, before在…以前, since自…以来, until / till直到…, hardly … when刚…就…,because 因为, as在..时候；像…一样…；因为…, since既然,if如果, though虽然, as, than…等等;例句：1When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.她醒来时,她发现大家都走了;时间状语从句2Don’t try to get on the train until / till it stops.等火车停下来再上车;时间状语从句3Wherever I go, I will bring an umbrella with me.我不管到哪,都会带上一把伞;地点状语从句4He was worried because he hadn’t had any letter form his child.他很着急,因为他一直没有收到他孩子的信;原因状语从句5I’ll ring him up at once so that he shouldn’t wait for me.我马上给他挂电话以便他别等我了;结果状语从句6If the weather is fine tomorrow, we shall go to the country.如果明天天气晴朗,我们就到乡下去;条件状语从句7Although he is little, he is brave. 他人虽小,但很勇敢;让步状语从句8I admire and respect you more than everybody else does.我比其他的人都更钦佩和尊敬您;比较状语从句总结：B级考试其实不难,难度仅限在初中水平;除去名词单复数,冠词,形容词比较级最高级之类的,需要掌握就是以上这些语法知识点;个人觉得动词的基本时态和从句需要重点复习,能够熟练掌握的话,可以拿更高分以上资料仅供参考。

大学英语B级语法重点.pdf

大学英语 B 级统考之语法概要e.g. He always goes to school by bike. 他总是骑车去上学。

2．一般过去时态finish, avoid, enjoy, mind, insist on等：e.g. He has finished doing his work. 他已经干完了他的工作。

not 来组成。

如果非谓语动词表示的动作发在主要谓“（should）+动词原形would （或might ）e.g. Hard as she studied, she failed in thisexamination.⋯(when ⋯), scarcely ⋯(when ⋯), no soonThe fact that Ann was late didn不重要。

（主语从句）it 作形式主语或形式宾语。

who 指人作主语whom作宾语（可省）作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）作定语①先行词为all, anything, something 等不定代词时,只能用first, last, next, only 等修饰词时,只能用that。

e.g. He was one of the greatest scientists that everlived.（1）When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.她醒来时,她发现大家都走了。

（时间状语从句）（2）Don’t try to get on the train until / till it stops.等火车停下来再上车。

（时间状语从句）。

B级语法重点

B级语法重点一、虚拟语气1.If：条件成立：主将从现虚拟：现在相反：if+did/were ; 主句：would do过去相反：if+had done；主句：would have done2. as if /as through +句子似乎，好像；wish +句子与现在/将来相反：did/were 与过去相反：had done3. 表示建议、要求、命令的单词+（that）句子: 句子中的动词：(should) doSuggest, suggestion; advise，advice；require, requirement; request; demand; propose; proposal; command; order; recommend; recommendation; insist4. It+be+adj+ (that)句子：句子中的动词：(should) do5. it +be +(about/high) time +(that)句子; 句子中的动词: did二、强调句：It +be+强调部分+that +剩余部分三、形式主语：It + be + adj + ( for sb . ) + to do四、to do和doingTo do：allow; want; pretend; be able to do; enable sb to do; be supposed to do sth; ask; invite sb to do ; intend, plan, ; decide to do；encourage；特殊疑问词+to do ；use to do ；doing ：介词+doing；avoid; finish ；enjoy；look forward to , spend; finish；practice; stop; mind;it’s no use / point doing; can’t help doing ；have difficulty/trouble doing sth . get /be used to五、倒装句句型：否定词句首，主谓倒装（将助动词放在主语前面）Hardly …had done .when+did 一..就…No sooner had done than +did六、定语从句：看横线前面的先行词在后面的定语从句中做主语还是宾语的成分物人主语that/which that/who宾语that/which/- that/whom/-七、连词：although 虽然..但是…；since 自从，由于；as long as：只要as soon as 一..就..So that 因此，以致于；now that 既然unless：除非..否则..八、词性转换1.–ee employ v雇佣n: employee 员工employer 雇主employment 雇佣Interview v 面试n：interviewee 试者interviewer n 面试官2.–ance/encedependent adj dependence n 独立confident adj confidence 自信different adj difference n important adj importance ndistant adj distance n 距离intelligent adj intelligence 智力nappear appearance3.–mentmove movement develop v发展development n arrange v安排arrangement equip v 装备equipment n judge v 判断judgment n improve v 提高improvement manager v 管理management manager n 经理4.–tion/ation/ionpollute v 污染pollution n discuss v讨论discussion n organize v组织organization educate v 教育 education n inform v通知information invent v投资invention invite v邀请invitation n protect v保护protection decide v决定decision5. –nessill adj 生病的illness sick adj sickness n happy adj happiness busy adj business kind adj kindness n weak adj weakness6. –alarrive 到达 v arrival Nation n 国家national adj nature n 自然natural adj addition n additional adj 更多的7..-fuljoy n joyful 快乐的help helpful助人为乐的hope –hopeful 有希望的use useful 有用的care careful 仔细的wonder wonderful 精彩的peace peaceful 和平的skill skillful 有技巧的8. -lyfriend friendly有好的day daily每天的hour hourly每小时的month monthly每月的week weekly 每周的luck lucky 幸运的luckilyfortunate fortunately9. -ydirt dirty脏的ease easy 容易的health healthy健康的wealth –wealthy 有财富的10. -ousdanger dangerous 危险的vary various 变化多端的11. -ablecomfort comfortable 舒服的12 -iveattract v attractive 吸引人的Act active 积极的effect effective 有效的create v creative 创新的九、词组take down 记下take over 接任take in 欺骗，吸收take off 起飞；脱掉take away 带走take advantage of 利用turn on 打开turn off 关掉turn out 结果是，证明是turn up 出现，调高turn down 拒绝，调低turn to 转向…. Turn to…for helpput out 熄灭put up 举起，张贴put on 穿上，带上put off 推迟make up化妆，组编make use of 利用make sense 讲得通，有意义break out 爆发break in 闯进，插话break down 出故障；奔溃break up 破裂，分手break off 中断get on 上车get off 下车get up 起床get into trouble 陷入pick up 载人，习得，拾起pick out 挑选set up 建立set off 出发，动身give out 分发give in 屈服give off 散发give up 放弃lead to 导致，通向look after 照顾look into 调查look forward to 期待look out 小心come across / run into 偶遇run out of 耗尽常用词：service; secretary; comfortable, available, manager, salesman日期，月份: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, SundayJan. Feb. March. April May Jane July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec.十、写作：注意写信的格式1. 求职信；简历2. 邀请信3. 感谢信4. 请假条5. 通知1.求职信段首：I am wtiring to apply for the position of +职位.I am…, coming from…. I graduated from …college, majoring in …专业.In the past four years, I have passed every subject with a flying color.I did a part-time job in the summer holiday. I am good at getting along with pepople.段末：I’d be thankful if you can give me an interview and I look forward to hearting from you.简历: Resume Marrage status: Single；sex: male/female chinese; 地址：从小到大；日期写法2.邀请信段首：I am writing to invie you to attend …..at ..地点+on+日期.段末：please give me a reply and I look forward to seeing you soon.3.感谢信段首: Thank you for inviting me to attend ….and your hospitality.段末：Again, I’d like to express my warm thanks to you and look forward to seeing you soon.4.请假条段首：I am writing to ask for a leave of ….days from ….to… because I was ill.段末: I’m very sorry for the inconvenience I caused and I’d be thankful if you can grant my application.5.通知: NoticeAttention, please. There will be ….at +地点on +时间….will be held at +地点on +时间Everyone is required to attend on time.常用词：conference, lecture, attend听力第一部分（2013.06-2008.12）2013.61.May I use the telephone? --yes , of course.2. Thank you very much for seeing me off at the airport. ---- my pleasre.3. Mike, can you help me? ---- Sure, no problem.4. Haven’t seen you for ages. How are you doing? --- Not bad.5. Heloo, may I come in to see the manager? ---- yes, please.2012. 121. Can I have a look at your price list? --- here it is.2. Shall we meet sometime next week? --- That’s fine.3. David, have you finished the work report? --- Not yet.4. May I have your business card, Mr. Jackson? --- Yes, here you are.5. Did you enjoy your trip to Beijing? --- yes, very much.2012.61. I’m going to make coffee, would you like some? --- No, thanks.2. May I speak to Mr. Johnson? --- Sorry, he isn't in.3. Will you please write your name here? --- Yes, I will.4. Can you help me to start the machine? --- No problem.5. Shall we discuss the new plan now? --- Good idea.2011. 12.1. Can I have your phone number, please --- it’s 54576862.2. Which would you prefer, tea or coffee? --- Tea, please.3. Would you like to come for dinner tonight? --- I’d love to.4. How do you like the work here? --- It’s interesting.5. Exercise me, do I have to pay in cash? --- Yes, of course.2011. 061. Mr. Smith, what do you think of the product? --- very nice.2. Miss Green, would you please write your name here? ---All right.3. Hello, may I speak to Helen? --- Yes, speaking.4. How do you like your new job? --- Not bad.5. What’s wrong with Mike? -- Nothing sercious.2010.121. May I have your ticket, please? --- Here you are.2. Excuse me, are you Mr. Brwon from london? --- Yes, I am.3. How does the new machine work? --- Quite well.4. Shall I meet you at your office Friday morning? --- No problem.5. Could you ask him to call me when he is back? --- Sure, I will.2010.061. Excuse me, May I see your boss now? --- Just a moment, please.2. When is the manager leaving? --- In twenty minutes.3. Can I help you with your luggage,sir? --- Yes, please.4. Have you ever been to the United States? --- Many times.5. What do you think or our sales’s plan? --- it’s perfect.2009.121. Are you Mr. Backer from America? --- Yes, I am.2. How do you like your work? --- I like it very much.3. Would you please give me the report, Tom? --- Here you are.4. What’s your father’s job? --- He’s a doctor.5. Would you like a cup of coffee? -- yes, please.2009.061. Can I see him in his office? --- yes, of course.2. Hollo, may I speak to Mr. Thomas? --- Hold on, please.3. How long may I keep the book? --- Two weeks.4. Exercuse me, is this train for London? --- Yes, it is .5. what do you think of the film we saw yesterday? --- it was excellent.2008.121. Exercuse me, are you Mr. Smith from America? --- oh, yes.2. Mr. Johnson, when is the library open? -- From 9 a.m. to 6 p.m.3. It’s rather hot today. Would you please open the window? --- Yes, of course.4. What do you think of your new boss? -- He is a nice person.5. What’s the weather like in your city? --- it’s rather warm.。

大学英语B级考试语法

Summary:
一般时现在时 do/doe s 过去时将来时 did will do 进行时 am/is /are doing was/were doing will be doing 完成时 have/has done had done will have done 完成进行时 have/has been doing had been doing
（不规则变化）例如： drink——drunk， see——saw， run——ran, eat——ate， do—— did
• 练习： was (1) I _____ (be) a student last year, but now I’m a teacher. had (2) He _____ (have) breakfast with Lily then. saw (3) I _____ (see) him that day as soon as got he _____(get) off the bus. destroyed (destroy) by the (4) Our home _____ flood last month. carried (5) Lily _____ (carry) her little dog to the meeting last Friday.
构成: 一般过去时态由谓语动词的过去式表示 (1) am/is—— was，are—— were (2) have—— had 实义动词的过去式分规则和不规则变化两种: (规则变化) • 1.原形动词后加“－ed”或“－d”，例如: work—— worked，turn——turned live——lived • 2.以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先变y为i再加“－ed”，例如: carry—— carried • 3.但以元音＋y结尾的，直接加“－ed”，例如： play——played，destroy－destroyed。 • 4.以重读闭音节结尾的，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 “－ed”。例如：stop－stopped。

B级英语语法总结

B级英语语法总结一、简单句结构1. 主语+谓语：例如，I read.2. 主语+系动词+表语：例如，She is beautiful.3. 主语+谓语+宾语：例如，He eats an apple.4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：例如，She gave me a book.5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补：例如，The teacher made us happy.6. 主语+谓语+多个宾语：例如，He bought a book, a pen, and a notebook.二、时态1.一般现在时：用于表示经常性的动作或事实。

2.一般过去时：用于表示过去的事情或状态。

3.一般将来时：用于表示将来的动作或计划。

4.现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作。

5.过去进行时：用于表示过去一些时间段内正在进行的动作。

6.现在完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点开始并持续到现在的动作。

7.过去完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点之前已经发生的动作。

8.将来完成时：用于表示将来一些时间点之前已经完成的动作。

9.将来进行时：用于表示将来一些时间段内正在进行的动作。

三、语态1.主动语态：表示主语主动进行的动作或状态。

2.被动语态：表示主语被动地接受动作或处于其中一种状态。

四、名词1.可数名词：表示可以计数的名词，有单数和复数形式。

2.不可数名词：表示不能计数的名词，只有单数形式。

3.特殊名词：表示一种事物的名称，如国家、地区、语言、民族、学科、职业等。

五、冠词1.定冠词：用于特指一个已知的名词。

2.不定冠词：用于泛指或表示一个未知的名词。

3.零冠词：用于表示一般概念或抽象名词。

六、代词1.人称代词：用于代替人或事物。

2.物主代词：表示所有关系或归属关系的代词。

3.反身代词：表示动作的主体和宾语是同一人或同一物。

4.指示代词：用于指示一些人或事物。

5.不定代词：用于指代泛指的人或事物。

6.疑问代词：用于提问人或事物的身份、性质等。

B级语法总结

常考语法点:一.虚拟语气1.条件状语从句中:If+主语+had done,主句+would /should/ could/ might+have done(过去)If+主语+did,主句+would /should/ could might +do(现在)If+主语+did/were to do /should do,主句+would /should/ could might +do(将来)如果省略if 句子倒装.(Were it not for/Had it not been for 已经成为常用句型)Were it not for your help, we would be in serious difficulty.Had the weather been good, the children could have gone out for a walk.含蓄条件句:With /without /but forEg: With your assistance, I would succeed.Without music, the world would be a dull place.But for the storm , we should have arrived earlier.2.用于表示"建议","要求","命令","请求","忠告"等动词后宾语从句中,用should +do"要求":ask, desire, request, demand, require"建议,劝告,提议":suggest ,advise, recommend, propose,"决定命令"decide, order,"坚持":insist相应名词引导的表语或同位语从句中,虚拟语气用should +do例; suggestion, proposal,advice, decision, desire, demand, order, recommendation, idea, motion, plan.Eg:I make a proposal that we should hold the meeting next week.The suggestion that Mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone.My idea is that we challenge the other groups to a friendly competition.3.It is +adj/v-ed +that从句＋(should )+doadj:important /necessary /strange /essential/vital/impossible/advisable/natural/v-ed:suggested/requested/ordered/proposed/4.lest/for tear that / in case引导的目的状语从句中＋(should) doEg:He took his raincoat with him lest it should rain.He put his coat over the child for fear that he should catch the cold.I'll keep a seat for you in case you change your mind.5.1).wish 宾语从句中＋did(如果指现在或将来的愿望，动词用过去式）／had done(对过去的愿望）Eg;I wish I knew her address.I wish I hadn't made such a mistake.2.)as if /though+did/had done(表示与现在事实相反或对现在的情况有所怀疑，动词用过去式；如果表示的是想象中的过去的动作，用过去完成时)Eg:She talks as if she were an expert.Y ou looked as if you had seen a ghost.3.)would rather 后的从句中＋did(常用过去式虚拟）4.)If only+did /had done(要是．．．．就好了）only if (只有，仅仅，常用倒装) Eg:If only I were you .Only if the students get the permission can they enter the classroom.6.It is high time+that +didEg:It is time we went to bed.It is time we took measures to protect environment.二．非谓语动词：顾名思义，非谓语动词就是不能作谓语的动词。

大学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习（专项训练）

⼤学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习（专项训练）⼀．名词1．常见的不可数名词advice luggage bread damage food equipment furniture hair homework housework information knowledge progress population2．可数名词的特殊形式1）“s”结尾，单复同形means series species works2）形式上是单数，但⽤作复数police mankind people cattle audience3）合成名词的单复数变化，通常在主⼲词上加“s”brother-in-law （单数）brothers-in-law （复数）passer-by （单数）passers-by （复数）story-teller （单数）story-tellers （复数）⼆．形容词1．形容词可以跟在以下半系动词的后⾯做表语appear turn feel become stay look come prove grow go get keep2．容易混淆的形容词alone lonely alive living liveclean clear considerate considerable continual continuous dead deadlyeconomical economic efficient effective healthful healthy intense intensive imaginary imaginable imaginativesensitive sensible successful successive valuable invaluable pricelessvalueless worthless historical historic respectable respectful respectivelike likely alike三．副词1．有些形式相异的副词，意义差别也⽐较⼤，如：high highly just justly hard hardly free freely late lately most mostly near nearly2．些形容词也以-ly结尾，应避免误⽤为副词，如：lively lovely lonely friendly ugly costlysilly3．形容词和副词只差⼀个词尾，但意义⼤相径庭hard hardly like likely bare barelybad badly scarce scarcely四．介词1．介词和名词的搭配1）名词+ aboutconcern about remark about complaint aboutopinion about doubt abouthope for need for sorry for reason fortalent for3）名词+ fromabsence from difference from protection from 4）名词+ inconfident in delight in difficulty in experience in faith in pride in success in trust in5）名词+ ofaccount of capability of care of description of feeling of habit of impression of intention of number of pleasure of possibility of shortage of 6）名词+ on （upon ）authority on dependence on effect on remark on emphasis on influence on impression on stress on7）名词+ overadvantage over control over quarrel over victory over worry over8）名词+ toanswer to access to attention to approach to contrast to exception to gratitude to invitation to limit to objection to reference to solution to9）名词+ withagreement with contact with common with connection with conversation with trouble with 2．介词+ 名词的固定搭配at ease at first at last at crossroads at leastat large at once at a loss at present at willby accident by chance by turns for certainin general in a sense in theory in practicein the way in the past in the future in advance in return in turn in that event in some respects in a hurry in addition in fact in place in sighton average on duty on vacation3．介词和形容词的搭配1）形容词+ aboutanxious about careful about curious about concerned about careless about certain about particular about doubtful about2）形容词+ atangry at annoyed at good at quick at pleased at 3）形容词+ foranxious for convenient for eager for famous for hungry for known for late for necessary for possible for ready for responsible for suitable for 4）形容词+ fromabsent from different from distant from free from far from protected from5）形容词+ ofafraid of aware of ashamed of capable of considerate of conscious of composed of deprived of full of fond of independent of proud of regardless of sick of short of tired of thoughtful of6）形容词+ toaccustomed to contrary to convenient to devoted to essential to familiar to favorable to opposed to peculiar to relevant to be used to beneficial to7）形容词+ inabsorbed in confident in disappointed in experienced in interested in lacking in lost in rich in successful in8）形容词+ withassociated with annoyed with angry withbusy with friendly with nervous with patient in⼀．单词1. She has been busy after she became the manager. Her working day often __ well into the night.A. expandsB. expendsC. extendsD. extents2. This __ him to the first rank among the writers of fiction.A. raisedB. liftedC. roseD. made3. It is arranged that the opening ceremony will __ at 10:00 Wednesday morning next week.A. happenedB. occurC. appearD. take place4. The sight __ to me the days of my childhood in the countryside.A. remindedB. recalledC. rememberedD. recommended5. Good transportation is essential to the __ growth of the country.A. economyB. economicalC. economicsD. economic6. The judge’s order to arrest me was no longer __.A. creativeD. competent7. Burglars broke is into the __ flat while the Whites were on holiday.A. vacantB. blankC. bareD. empty8. She is engaged in __ research.A. historicalB. historicC. historyD. histrionic9. She had never felt so __ and helpless in her life.A. alongB. lonelyC. aloneD. aloud10. As far as hobbies are concerned, Tom and his brother have little in __ .A. commonB. averageC. popularD. normal11. The restoration of China’s lawful rights in the United Nations was a great __ in history.A. caseB. incidentC. accidentD. event12. Mr. Smith will leave for New Y ork in__November.A. lateB. latelyC. later__ .A. senseB. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensible14. It’s almost __ that our team will win.A. certainB. sureC. exactD. accurate15. Some people in the back row were __ al the time during the lecture.A. speakingB. talkingC. sayingD. replying16. The school is going to __ the sports meeting to next week.A. postponeB. delayC. replaceD. exchange17. People can’t bear this __ hot weather.A. continualB. continuousC. variousD. variety18. Educational TV stations offer teaching in various __ ranging from home nursing to art appreciation.A. directionsB. pointsC. occurredD. subjects19. I didn’t know what to do but when an idea suddenly __ .A. happenedB. entered20. Waiter in restaurants __ all kinds of food and drink to customers.A. entertainB. serveC. provideD. offer⼆．固定搭配1. The failure in examination __ his inadequate preparation.A. resulted inB. resulted fromC. led toD. let in2. The party __ us to turn grief into strength.A. called offB. called atC. called onD. called to3. He __ a number of journals for his information.A. went throughB. saw throughC. looked throughD. notice through4. We have run __ typing paper.A. intoB. overC. onD. out of5. Scientists will have to __ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A. come up toB. come up withC. come up forD. come put of6. you can __ our family whenever you are in need of assistance.A. associate withD. relate to7. The “lost money” __ to be in the safe all the time.A. turned intoB. turned outC. turned overD. turned down8. “Psychology” is __ the study of human behavior by scientific methods.A. defined asB. taken asC. regarded asD. believed as9. John found it extremely difficult to __ his had habitsA. do withoutB. dispose ofC. clear upD. do away with10. They could hardly believe that the trouble should __ the new engine of the car.A. lie inB. turn toC. come toD. bring down11. We didn’t tell her the sad news for fear that she might not __ the heavy blow.A. come up withB. make up forC. put up withD. stand up for12. The chairman put __ his plan, expecting that everyone would approve it.A. towardB. up13. Y ou must take into __ the boy’s long illness.A. accountB. conditionC. chanceD. calculation14. I don’t like to disturb you, because you’re quite tired __ working hard today.A. onB. fromC. outD. of15. Unlike most Chinese, many Americans __ bread and eggs for breakfast every morning.A. used to eatB. are used to eatC. are used to eatingD. used to eating16. Y ou should learn to take __ of every opportunity to improve oral English.A. chanceB. useC. actionD. advantage17. I took someone’s umbrella by __ .A. heartB. mistakeC. natureD. the way18. Some men broke __ the central bank near the post office last Sunday.A. intoB. upC. offnot notice me enter the room.A. onB. inC. ofD. at20. He tried to make __ all the trouble he had caused.A. outB. upC. forD. up for三．语法1. In the last ten years, great changes __ in my hometown.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. was taken placeD. have taken place2. He discovered that his luggage __ stolen.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. would be3. I __ everything by the time you get back next time.A. shall finishB. will be finishingC. have finished C. shall have finished4. I have no doubt __ he will overcome all his difficulties.A. whetherB. whichC. thatD. if5. The science __ deals with the law of nature is calledB. whoC. by whichD. whom6. The city __ my father grew up is not far from here.A. whatB. whereC. whereverD. which7. __ you lice next door to Mr. Roberts, you ought to be able to recognize him.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. WhereD. Unlike8. Anyone can borrow books from this library __ he keeps them clean.A. even ifB. unlessC. as long asD. so that9. All matter is made of atoms, which are too small __ even through the most powerful microscope.A. to be seemB. to see themC. to have seenD. to be seeing10. Every day they spend a lot of time __ their assignments.A. to doB. on doingC. by doingD. doing11. __ five successful novels, she published a collection of short stories.A. Having been written C. WritingB. Having Written D. To write12. What do you think of the performances __ by the girls of Grade III?A. givingB. gaveC. having givenD. given13. It is necessary that the project __ before next Monday.A. be completedB. is completedC. is to be completedD. will be completed14. I lift very early last night, but I wish I __ so early.A. haven’t leftB. didn’t leaveC. hadn’t leftD. couldn’t leave15. I was ill that day. Otherwise I __ the meeting.A. would have attendedB. would attendC. attendedD. should had attended五．以单词正确的形式填空1. Y ou’d better _____ (copy) the whole article at once.2. The manager promised ____ (get) me a position in his company.3. Remember ____ ( lock) the door when you leave.4. The main benefit of ____ (work) with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.5. I don’t mind ____ (have) a dog in the house so long as it’s clean and it doesn’t smell.6. Did you have any difficulty _____ (get) a visa to Britain?7. The children from the U.S. got used to ____ (eat)Chinese food quite soon.8. They stopped ____ (search) for the missing plane as the weather was very rough.9. If you intend ____ (visit) the National Garden, please contact me soon.10. I wondered why the boy often avoided ____ (talk) with his classmates.11. To my ____ (surprising), he passed the test.12. In recent years, Japan has to become less ____ (depend) on importing fish from other countries.13. He told me that it was not his fault, he was not_____ (response)for the accident.14. The weather here is ____ (change). Y ou’d better bring a rain coat with you in case it rains.15. Although I do not share his religious ____ (believe), I respect him.16. When I apply for jobs, I find I am always at a ____ (advantage) because I can’t drive.。

大学英语B级语法

大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1．不可数名词只用单数形式。

如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。

冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。

1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。

a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。

如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。

通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。

如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。

B级考试常考语法总结

B级考试常考语法总结从历年考试试题分析来看，PRETCO语法(Structure)考查重点主要是：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词(动词不定式、分词和动名词)、情态动词、状语从句、定语从句、倒装句、强调句、反意问句、虚拟语气、代词、形容词和副词等。

考生要对上述语法项目从概念到应用上下功夫。

现就各项目的考核重点分别简单叙述如下(其中有些例句选自历年考试试题)：一、动词的时态和语态考核重点：●过去完成时。

注意：过去完成时常常和before，after，until，when等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示过去。

常用句型如下：by the time(the end)of+表示过去时间的短语或句子；hardly (scarcely)+过去完成时+when+过去时；no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时；●现在完成时和现在完成进行时。

常用时间状语有：this day(week，month，year)，so far，for some time，up to now，up to the present，all this year(month，week)等；●将来完成时。

常与before，until，when，after等连词引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示将来。

常用句型如下：by the time(the end)0f+表示将来时间的短语或句子。

例句：1.He said:“I______ a lot of new words by the end of last year．”(2002．12 B级)A) had already learnt B)would have already learntC) have already learnt D)already learnt答案：A 。

句中时间状语by the end of last year表明谓语动词要用过去完成时态。

2. The project to clear up the polluted river ______ by the end of next year．(2002．6 B级)A) is being completed B)will have been completedC) has been completed D)will have completed答案：B 。

英语b级语法重点总结必备语法

英语b级语法重点总结必备语法大学英语b级考试中，把握哪些英语语法比较有用?下面是学习啦我给大家整理的英语b级语法，供大家参阅!英语b级语法：名词A. 学问要点名词可分为可数名词和不行数名词。

可数名词有单、复数之分。

1.不行数名词只用单数形式。

假如要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。

如：a piece of news(一条新闻);two pieces of advice(两条建议)2.名词全部格的构成是名词加"s'，如：Marys room;如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加"'，如：the students hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词;名词全部格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B.例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。

Furniture 为不行数名词，后面不能加s。

很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。

英语b级语法：代词代词用于指代。

包括：人称、物主、反身、疑问、不定代词等。

1.many, few和a few一般只能修饰或指代可数名词，much, little和a little 一般只能修饰或指代不行数名词。

a few 和a little表示"有一些'，具有确定意义，而few和little表示"几乎没有'，具有否认意义。

many和much表示"许多'。

2.表示"全部'：两者用both，三者以上用all;表示"全无'：两者用neither，三者以上用none或no one;表示"任一'：两者用either，三者以上用any。

英语考试大学英语B级语法部分网考辅导

D. to leave
54. Cambridge has announced plans to establish a
business school __b__the master’s degree in the
business administration. (Test 3)
A. representing
(Test 6)
A. objected to having B. objected to have C. were objected to have D. were objected to having
4、1)以下动词或词组后既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上又区别，要特别注意。
47. Five minutes earlier, __c__ we could have caught the last train. A. and B. or C. so D. but
5. needn’t + have done: 表示不必做的事却做了，可译为“其实不必〞
company. (test 1)
A.
tried
B. succeeded
C. managed
D. endeavored
考点分析：succeed (in) doing sth, endeavor to do sth表示“尝试、试图〞，而magage to do sth表示“设法做
2、不定式中的to是否省略
4、现在分词与过去分词的区别。
1、接不定式作宾语的动词有
afford, agree, decide, determine, expect, hope, manage, refuse, offer, pretend等。

大学英语B级语法重点

大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的基本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does （第三人称单数）。

通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。

2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。

e.g. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑。

3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

e.g. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.电话在响，我去接。

4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。

e.g. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。

5．过去进行时态动词形式为was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。

（主语是I，she，he时用was）e.g. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了。

6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done，常与already，recently，never，ever, yet，since连用。

用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。

e.g. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了。

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