英国文化复习资料解析

2014.3.18 填空1. The full name of United Kingdom is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and the Northern Ireland.2. The island of Great Britain is made up of England Scotland and Wales3. The United Kingdom has been a member of European Union since 19734. Britain is now a Multiracial society which produces a population of which in 20 are of non-European ethnicity.5. London plays a significant role in Britain ‘s economic and cultural life. It’s only the financial centre of the nation , but also one of the three major international financial centres in the world .6. The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis7.Thames river flows through central London and it is a very important river8. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland.9. Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (GeorgeⅢ) current Union Flag adopted on Jan. 1st 180110.National Day of UK is officially celebrated in Britain on the 2nd Saturday ofJune each year since February 1925.11.The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland which covers an area of 396 km212. The London Eye is the largest Ferris wheel (摩天轮) in Europe.2014.3.21 选择/问答1.The location of UK is in the Europe.A. EasternB. WesternC. SouthernD. Northern2.All the following cities are major deep-water ports of UK.ExceptA. LondonB. LiverpoolC. BelfastD. Edinburgh3. The national flower of UK isA roseB thistleC daffodilD shamrock4. All of the following , except for ,were tribes from the north who moved into England in the 400s ADA. Angles B Saxons C Jutes D Celts5 The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is aA. poem about a hero named Beowulf B newspaperC historical recordD novel6 Beowulf （贝奥武夫,北欧神话史诗）isA a long novelB a long poem written by Geoffrey ChaucerC a long poem by unknown storytellerD a long novel written by W. William Shakespeare7The Canterbury Tales was written byA Geoffrey ChaucerB Thomas BecketC PalamonD Griselda8 The frame of The Canterbury Tales isA the pilgrims telling stories on their tripB the conflict between the friar and the summonerC King Arthur’s courtD the differences between the knight and the squire9 The Canterbury Tales is an unusual piece of literature from the MiddleAges becauseA it describes the characters’ personalitiesB it includes middle class charactersC both A and BD neither A nor B10 There are stories in The Canterbury TalesA5 B 26 C 15 D.6ⅢQuestions1. What are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain, England ,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth ?The commonwealth : A free and loose association of independent countriesthat were once colonies of Britain.Founded in 1931/ To encourage trade and friendly relations among its members /About 50 member countries / The British Queen: the head of the Commonwealth /Meeting yearly2. Describe the geographical position of Britain?An island country surrounded by four seasTo the south by the English Channel which separates it from continental Europe/ To the east by the north sea /to the west by the Irish Sea and the Atlantic OceanLocated off the northwest coast of Europe, looking west to America.3. Does Britain have a favorable climate? Why?Yes , it’s mild.A steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole yearThe temperature varies within a small range4 What are the factors which influence the climate in Britain? Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest?The surrounding waters tend to balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer.The south west winds below over the country all the year round. Bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperature moderate.The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warm them. 还有！3.28ⅠFilling the blank1. The UK still keeps an old fashioned government established on the basis of constitutional monarchy.2. Coronation is a ceremony of crowning a king or queen3. Queen ElizabethⅡhas crowned since 1952.4. ElizabethⅡis the current monarch 元首of UK.5. UK has a democratic government with elected representatives in itsParliament6. King John of England agreed to sign the Magna Carta in 1215, to thedemands of his barons.7. The members of House of Lords consist of the Lords SpiritualAnd the Lords Temporal8. Windsor Castle, 32 kilometers (20 miles) west of London on the Thames,has been the residence of England’s royal family for 900 years.9.The House of Commons下议院is a democratically 民主的electedchamber with election held at least every five years10 Buckingham Palace in Westminster is the official London residence of theBritish sovereign.11. The Cabinet meets regularly, usually once a week, in one of the rooms inthe Prime Minster’s official residence No.10 Downing Street.12. The House of Commons consist of 651 members elected from thecountry’s 651 constituencies with Mr. Speaker As he chairman in debates.ⅡMultiple choice1.In the Untied Kingdom ,ministers are appointed by the Queen on therecommendation ofA the Lord ChancellorB the MonarchC the Prime MinisterD the King2. During the World WarⅡ ,as a war leader , received massivepopular support and led the country to final victory in 1945.A. Harold Wilson B Margaret ThatcherC Franklin RooseveltD Winston Churchill3. On accepting , the age of constitutional monarchy, of a monarchywith powers limited by Parliament beganA. Constitutional Law B The Declaration of IndependenceC Civil LawD Bill of Rights4. In Britain, a is held when a Member of Parliament dies, retires orresignsA civic市民的electionB by – electionC popular electionD general election5 All of the following, except for were the most important provisions of the GreatCharterA No tax should be made without the approval of the council议会B No free man should be arrested or imprisoned unless convicted by a jury of his fellow citizens.C Merchants should be permitted to move about freelyD The king renounced his crown6. Females were allowed to vote in national elections untilA1918 B1916 C1920 D18967 The parliament was a word for a talking –place.A LatinB FrenchC RomanD Greek8 John of Are lived during the century.A 14thB 15thC 16thD 17th9. John Lived and fought inA GreeceB FranceC RomeD England10. As long as William had been crowned, he began to organize the government of England on the system that had been so successful in Normandy . This is called system, and it was based on the ownership of landA the constitutional of landB capitalistC feudalD royalⅢQuestion1Compare the government system of UK with that of USA2. Describe the power of queen.3. What are the functions of parliament?4. Elaborate the composition of the parliament of the UK2014.4.8ⅰFill in the blank1. In Britain the citizens aged 18 or over have the right to vote.2 In Britain a candidate must be at least 21 or over with the deposit of￡ 5003 The Liberal Democrats is the combination of the Social Democratic Party and The Liberal Party4. Currently the three domination political parties in UK are the Conservative party , the labor party ,the Liberal Party .5The party which holds a majority of the seats is parliament forms a government , with their party leader as Prime Minister.6 Churchill is the member of Conservative party .7The current leader of liberal democratic party is Nick Clegg , who is the deputy PM.8 A Hung parliament refers to the condition where no party was able to command a majority in the House of Commons.9 The class system does exist in British society, which includes Working –class , Middle-class ,hereditary aristocracy10 The majority of recent immigrants are from South Asia ---India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka and Caribbean countries--- Jamaica and Trinidad.ⅡMultiple choices1 who has the right to vote for the Members of Parliament forming the House of Commons of the parliament of UK?A lordsB criminalsC the legally insaneD citizens over 182 On Tuesday 11 May, Gordon Brown announced his resignation as Prime Minister, marking the end of 13 years of governmentA LaborB the Conservative partyC the Liberal DemocratD the Liberal Party3.In 2010 ,Queen ElizabethⅡ ,who then invited to form a government and become Prime Minister .A Gordon BrownB David CameronC Nike CleggD Tony Blair4 Coalition talks began immediately between the Conservatives and and lasted for five days.A the Liberal PartyB Labor PartyC the Liberal DemocratsD The Tory5 refers to where no party was able to command a majority in the House of CommonsA hung parliamentB shadow parliamentC parliamentD cabinet6 The Conservative party was founded in 1834 out of the old , which itself had been founded in 1678.A Labour PartyB the Liberal PartyC WhigsD Tory Party7 She advocated the idea of small government and free –market economics . During her term as the Prime Minister, she carried out politics to and to cut tax rates .A nationalize the private industryB privatize the nationalized industryC establish the private industryD invest the private industry8 In 1948, The Labour government set up the National Health Service to provide high quality for free.A health careB educationC transportD industry9 If the government loses a in the House of Commons , that is , if a majority of MPs agree , then it has effectively lost its ability to govern and is forced to resign and call a general electionA First Past the PostB “vote for no confidence”C winner –takes –allD solve the unemployment10 The ideal of the Liberal Democrats is toA provide free welfaresB cut the taxesC giving “power to the people “D solve the unemploymentⅢQuestion1 What are the effects of Immigrants?Positive:Increase the variety and interest within English cultureA varied cuisine; new forms of popular music; different religious beliefs/ contributions to society/ Relatively tolerant countryNegative:Inequality and discrimination do existDepends on the attitude of some of their white neighborView the newcomers as a threat to their way of living /trouble in the process of assimilating the immigrants 还有！2 What is the meaning of First –Past-the –Post in British Election?3. What are the main policies of the Conservative Party?4What are the main policies of the Labor Party?2014.4.181 The UK experienced the Economic recession in the 70s of 20 century.2 By 1990, the economy of UK is overtaken by US and Germany.3 In 2012, UK takes the world’s sixth largest economy.4The Current UK Economy includes Primary Industries , Secondary Industries and Tertiary Industries. (第三重要产业)5 The UK energy production stands for 5% of national wealth.6 North Sea oil production has been declining since 1999 .7 The aerospace of UK is 3rd largest in the world .8 The electronics industry of the UK is 4th largest in the world.ⅡMultiple choice1 Economic recovery of UK is inA the 70sB the 80sC the 90sD the 60s2 By the 1880s ,dominant in the world, of the world’s manufactured goods.A one thirdB halfC one forthD two thirds3 “In politics if you want anything said, ask a man. If you want anything done, ask a woman“ said byA Queen ElizabethⅡB Winston ChurchillC Margaret ThatcherD Harriet Harman4 The following brands are made by UK, exceptA ShellB GlaxoSmithKlineC Wolf son MicroelectronicsD PorscheⅢTrue or false ( Please choose T or F to the following questions)( T ) 1. The spinning jenny was invented by James Hargreaves.( F ) 2 The Industrial Revolution in the Britain first began in the clothing industry.( F ) 3 During the industrial Revolution, the free competition and free trade were unacceptable to the middle class.( T ) 4 The importation of goods from British colonies and the exportation of these goods all over the world became the key to British prosperity. 财富ⅣQuestions1 What is “British Disease”A mocking term(1) a term used to characterize Britain’s economic decline after wars.(2) Britain’s slow growth of productivity, soaring inflation, and large unemployment.2 What causes the relative decline of UK Economy?Heavily into debt in order to finance the war (selling many accumulated overseasassets, borrowing large amounts from the US and Canada)The era of the British Empire was over---decolonization 殖民地独立（losses of raw material＆market）Military expense (until the process of decolonization completed in the 1960s)Unit5Filling the blanks1.Geoffrey Chaucer is the founder of English poetry.2.Beowulf is a 3182-line alliterative verse, considered the monumental work in English poetry of the Anglo-Saxon period, or the national epic of the English people.3. Robin Hood is the archetypal English folk hero, a courteous, pious and swashbuckling outlaw of the medieval era who, in modern versions of the legend, is famous for robbing the rich to feed the poor and fighting against injustice and tyranny.4. In the Elizabeth Period, Francis Bacon wrote many excellent essays, such as “Of Studies”5. The collection of poetry, Lyrical Ballads marked the beginning of the Romantic period.6 Don Juan is a poem based on a traditional Spanish legend of a great lover and seducerof women.7. Daniel Defoe was famous for his novel Robinson Crusoe which first established his reputation.8 “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” is a quote from the poem Ode To the West Wind .9. Tess the D’Urbervilles is the masterpiece of Thomas Hardy .10. A sonnet is a fourteen-line lyric poem with a single theme, usually written in iambic pentameter.ⅡMultiple choice1 The following poets are regarded as “The Lake Poets”, expectA William WordsworthB Samuel Taylor ColeridgeC Robert SoutheyD John Milton2 known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages and was the first poet to have been buried in Poet’s Corner of Westminster Abbey.A John BunyanB Geoffrey ChaucerC William WordsworthD Samuel Taylor Coleridge3. , written by Geoffrey Chaucer, are considered a literary classic and one of the finest works written in Middle English.A The Canterbury TalesB BeowulfC Paradise LostD King Lear4.The following plays are great tragedies written by William Shakespeare, expectA. HamletB. OthelloC. The Merchant of VeniceD. King Lear5 Jane Austin presents the quiet, day-to-day country life of the English of the eighteenth century.A lower-middle-classB working classC upper classD upper-middle-class6.The English Renaissance period was an age ofA poetry and dramaB drama and novelC novel and poetryD romance and poetry7. A perso n’s daily routine depended mainly on what he or she belong to.A dynasty 朝代B neighborhoodC guildD class8 The daily routine of the included the most free time.A lady of the houseB scullery maidC children’s nurseD housekeeper9.When someone abdicates the throne, they .A treat the crown disrespectfullyB treat the crown respectfullyC coldly claim their right to itD give up being king or queens10 On her 21st birthday, Princess Elizabeth .A gave a speech vowing to serve her peopleB went out to a bar since she could legally drink alcoholC gave a partyD became queenⅢQuestion1 What does “Byronic Hero” mean ?The “Byronic hero”is a proud, mysterious rebel figures of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic hero would shoulder the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would fight alone against any type of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflicts is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social system and conventions.2. Comment on HamletHamlet is neither a frail and weak-minded youth nor a thought sick dreamer.As “the glass of fashion, and the mould of form” . He is fearless in action like a soldier.He bravely walks after the ghost, kills Polonius, deals with Claudiu s’s agents on the ship to England, leaps into the grave and executes his revenge. A mere scholar can never do any of these things.Hamlet is a humanist, who is free from medieval prejudices and superstitions. He has an unbounded love for the world rather than for heaven. Like other humanists, he shows a profound respect for man, and a firm belief in man’s power over destiny. ”What a piece of work is a man ! how noble in reason !”Such delight in nature and man is characteristic of the humanists of Renaissance.His intellectual genius is outstanding. His quick perception drives him to penetrate below the surface of things and question what others take for granted.Hamlet is a man of genius, highly accomplished and educated, a man of profound insight and sparking wit.He is a scholar, a soldier and statesman all combined.In a word, Hamlet is the hero of Renaissance.Unit 6 EducationⅠFilling the blanks1 State Schools are totally funded by the government and are free to all British children.2. Schooling is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 16 years total of 11 years in UK.3 Co-educated School admit both boys and girls4 All British schools – State＆Independent are required to follow the National Curriculum guide-line set down by the government.5 The children begins secondary education at the age of 116 Grammar schools select the children who get high marks in the “Eleven Plus” examination, or show academic potential.7 British universities receive funds from the central government8Two characteristics of University of Oxford and Cambridge is College system and Tutorial system9 Open University is U.K’s largest university for part-time higher education.10 University of London is a federation of collegesⅡMultiple choices1 are funded by the fees charged to the parentsA Independent SchoolB State SchoolC Co-educated SchoolsD Public Schools2. Those wishing to gain entry to university must complete an additional two years of studies.A. GCSEB.SATC. Eleven PlusD. A Level3. Before primary schooling some children have an opportunity to attend the few kindergartens, which are called ““A Junior section B. Infant section C Nursery Schools D Secondary Schools4 Academic Year in UK begins in September, and is divided into three terms, with holidays atA Christmas, Easter, and in the winterB Christmas, Easter and in the summerC Christmas, Halloween, and in the summerD New Year, Easter, and in the summer5 After 5 years of secondary schooling, at about age 16, the students sit their exams.A. GCEA(General Certificate of Education-Advanced )B. GNVQ(General National Vocational Qualifications)C. GCSE ( General Certificate of Secondary Education)D. A-Level6. After students sit their GCSE exams, then they can concentrate on vocational training, and attendA .GCEA(General Certificate of Education-Advanced )B. GNVQ(General National Vocational Qualifications)C. GCSE ( General Certificate of Secondary Education)D. A-Level7. There is only one privately funded university in UK. That isA the University of Manchester B. the University of CambridgeC the University of OxfordD the University of Buckingham8. Which one is one of oldest university in the English-speaking world?A the University of Manchester B. the University of CambridgeC the University of OxfordD the University of Buckingham9. The amount of funding each university receives is based onA its sizeB the number of students it teachesC the research it conductsD All of the above10.Which university is not in Scotland ?A the University of YorkB the University of GlasgowB the University of Edinburgh D the University of AberdeenⅢAnswering the questions1 What is the purpose of the British education system?The three R’s (“reading, riting and rithmetic ) to provide children with literary and the other basic skills they will need to become 少！2 What is the difference between Chinese＆British Education Systems?3. What is Open University ?。