2004-2014三笔真题汉译英答案

2004.5

It isn’t often that one has the chance to congratulate a noted woman writer on her 80th birthday. So on October 5 last year，when I went to Bing Xin’s house，I felt very excited. I explained that I hoped she would tell me something about how she becam e a poet. “I haven’t written poetry for many years,” she said smiling. “But I still love to read good poetry.”

Bing Xin was fortunate to have parents who encouraged her to study and write. When she was attending a women’s college in Beijing in 1919，an event occurred which changed the whole course of her life. That was the May 4th Movement，a patriotic democratic movement started by students in Beijing. The mass demonstrations made a deep impression on her. She threw herself into the struggle and was put in charge of publicity by the Student Union. She wrote poems，articles and stories，attacking imperialism and feudalism in its various forms.

Going to the U.S. in 1923 to study literature，she wrote down her impressions on the way and during her stay there. These were published in the collection To Little Readers. The book brought her instant fame，not only because she was a woman writer，but also because of the noble sentiments in the book. Quite a few younger writers say it was Bing Xin’s writings that started t hem on the road they have since followed.

2004.11

In recent years, the Chinese government has encouraged domestic travel and implemented a policy of "holiday economics", giving its citizens three annual week-long vacations and the opportunity to spend more savings on travel, shopping and eating out. In 2004, total tourist spending during the May Day holidays was 39 billion yuan.

Tourism now contributes 2.3 percent of the nation's gross domestic product (GDP), and revenues are expected to grow by 10 percent annually through to 2013, creating 40 million jobs.

The indirect effects of tourism are even greater, accounting for an estimated US$184 billion of economic activity and contributing to some 54 million jobs. That activity includes significant investment in tourism projects, as well as government travel expenditures on meetings.

China has spent heavily on building roads, railway stations and airports. New airlines and bus companies have emerged, and competition has cut the cost of travel. A one-way air ticket between Shanghai and Beijing costs 850-900 yuan, and cheaper prices are occasionally available. Some airlines have begun online ticketing services, making it even easier to take a holiday. More private cars and the emergence of car rental agencies have allowed millions of people to travel on their own, as well as in tour groups.

2005.5

Tibet, located on the "Roof of the World", is still an underdeveloped area in China because of its harsh natural conditions and various social and historical restrictions formed by centuries of backward feudal serfdom. However, the development of Tibet in the past 50 years has greatly changed its former poor and backward look, and the Tibetan people's living standards have greatly improved. Social and economic development has enriched the people's material and cultural life remarkably. In 2000, people of various ethnic groups in Tibet basically shook off poverty, and had enough to eat and wear. Some of them began to live a better-off life. Along with the improvement in the people's livelihood, consumer goods such as refrigerators, color TV sets, washing machines, motorcycles and wristwatches have entered more and more ordinary homes. Many well-off farmers and herdsmen have built new houses. Some have even bought automobiles. Currently, Tibet ranks first in per-capita housing in the country. Radio, television, telecommunications, the Internet and other modem information transmission means are now part of daily life in Tibet. News about various parts of the country and the world now reach most people in Tibet by radio and TV. Local people can obtain information from and make contacts with other parts of the country and the world through telephone, telegram, fax or the Internet. The Tibetan people's health has also improved substantially, because the situation featuring a lack of both doctors and medicine has changed fundamentally. The