考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练一
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一二
How to reveal a country’s sense,over the years,of its own well-being 如何揭开一个国家多年来的主观幸福感Read its books.By computer利用计算机扫描其书刊Do a country’s inhabitants get happier as it gets richer?Most governments seem to believe so,given their relentless focus on increasing GDP year by year.Reliable,long-term evidence linking wealth and happiness is,however,lacking.And measuring well-being is itself fraught with problems,since it often relies on surveys that ask participants to assess their own levels of happiness subjectively.一个国家越富有，其人民就越幸福吗？鉴于大多数政府都坚持不懈地致力于逐年提高GDP，它们似乎是认同这一点的。
然而，我们尚缺乏能够证明财富与幸福相关联的可靠而长期的证据。
衡量幸福感本身就存在很多问题，因为它往往依赖于要求参与者主观评估自己幸福水平的调查。
Daniel Sgroi of the University of Warwick and Eugenio Proto of the University of Glasgow,both in Britain,think,nevertheless,that they have an answer.尽管如此，英国华威大学的丹尼尔·斯格里和格拉斯哥大学的尤金尼奥·普罗托认为他们找到了答案。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一四
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二三
Why an“Uber for tailors”is gaining ground in Lagos“裁缝优步”为何能在拉各斯发展起来？“Rich and poor,everyone has a tailor here,”says Olajire Omikunle,a couturier for Nigeria’s powerful.So great is the appeal of a well-cut outfit in Lagos,Nigeria’s commercial centre,that roadside stitchers rove the streets armed with their sewing machines and clicking their large scissors to drum up customers.尼日利亚颇具影响力的服装设计师奥拉吉尔·奥米昆勒说：“无论贫富，这里的每个人都有自己的裁缝。
”在尼日利亚的商业中心拉各斯，一套剪裁考究的服装如此具有吸引力，以至于街头裁缝们会带着他们的缝纫机在街道上来回穿梭，并拿着大剪刀咔嚓咔嚓地招揽着顾客。
David Peterside,a local entrepreneur,hopes to capitalise on this sartorial obsession with a new app that is being dubbed an“Uber for tailors”.Fashion Map allows natty Nigerians to find a suitmaker at the press of a button.当地企业家戴维·彼得赛德希望借着人们对服装的痴迷，开发一款名为“裁缝优步”的新应用。
整洁时髦尼日利亚人只需按下一个按钮，便能在时尚地图上找到一位裁缝。
It may be a perfect fit for Africa’s most populous country.Nigeria has a fast-growing base of smartphone users and“over100,000registered tailors”,says Otunba Wasiu Taiwo of the Nigeria Union of Tailors.“We are still counting.”该应用或许非常适合这个非洲人口最多的国家。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一二四
Neanderthals had a propensity for earache,nudging them to their doom易患耳疾将尼安德特人推向了灭亡A new analysis of their skulls points to an anatomical problem一项对头颅的新研究指出了一个生理构造缺陷The last neanderthals vanished from Earth about40,000years ago.Exactly what drove them to extinction,however,remains a mystery,with their disappearance variously attributed to anything from climate change to inferior cognitive abilities or even cannibalism.在大约4万年前，最后一批尼安德特人消失在地球上。
但究竟是什么导致了他们的灭亡，至今仍是一个谜，关于他们灭亡原因有着各种各样的猜想，从气候变化到认知能力低下，再到同类相食。
Anthony Pagano,a medical researcher at Seton Hall University in New Jersey,has a new explanation.He thinks Neanderthals might have been unusually prone to severe ear infections,which left them struggling to compete against their Homo sapiens cousins.新泽西州西顿霍尔大学的医学研究员安东尼·帕加诺给出了一个新的解释。
他认为尼安德特人或许非常容易患上严重的耳部感染，这使得他们很难与智人相互竞争。
考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2020082901
More Chinese children are being given their mother’s surname越来越多的中国孩子开始随母姓It’s not just about feminism这不仅仅是女权主义As China emerged from lockdown,a woman wrote a post on Weibo,a microblog,that has echoed through the long,hot summer.She was divorcing her husband,she said,because he would not allow her to change the surname of her child to her own.随着中国走出疫情，一女子在微博上发布的一条博文在漫长而又炎热的夏季引发了人们广泛的关注。
据该女子称，她和丈夫离了婚，起因是丈夫不允许她给孩子改名为随她姓。
Details of the case were scant,but that did not stop it lighting up the internet,shining a new spotlight on the question of how far Chinese women have come.Phoenix Weekly,a magazine,launched an online poll that drew47,000respondents.Almost two-thirds said that a surname could come from either parent.有关这一事件的细节并不多，但该事件还是在网上引发了人们的热议，并使人们重新审视女性成长的步伐。
据《凤凰周刊》发起的一项有4.7万名受访者参与的在线调查显示，近三分之二的人认为，孩子的姓氏可以随父母中的任何一方。
2019经济学人考研英文文章阅读一一一
The legal cannabis market shrank in California last year去年，加州的合法大麻市场在萎缩Harbourside Cannabis in Oakland is a modern-day temple to the delights and possibilities of the botanical marvel that is the plant Cannabis sativa. Around the airy shop move a well-heeled clientele.They browse among offerings ranging from cannabis-infused chocolate to sparkling water and vape pens.奥克兰的哈伯赛德大麻公司是一座可供寻求快乐和见识到大麻种植奇观的现代庙宇。
一群有钱人在通透的大麻商店里来来往往。
他们浏览着从大麻巧克力到大麻起泡水和大麻电子烟等各式各样的大麻商品。
California was the first state to allow sales of medical cannabis in1996, and Harbourside one of the first shops in America to sell pot legally.Since January last year,the firm has also been able to sell pot for purely recreational purposes.1996年，加州成为美国首个允许销售医用大麻的州，哈伯赛德也是美国首批合法销售大麻的商店之一。
自去年1月以来，哈伯赛德也能销售纯娱乐用途的大麻了。
Thanks to its large number of“medical”users,California’s is the largest legal cannabis market in the world.But since the legalisation of adult sales, that market has been shrinking.得益于大批的“医疗”用户，加州成为了全球最大的合法大麻市场。
考研英语经济学人文章阅读训练2020082201
Covid-19has made it hard for the Japanese to visit family graves新冠肺炎疫情致使日本人难以前去扫墓But they have found high-tech ways round the problem但他们利用高科技解决了这一问题Every august the spirits of fallen ancestors rise all across Japan.During obon,the living commemorate them with offerings of food at altars, gather for festivals,and perform collective dances known as bon odori.每年八月，日本各地逝者的灵魂便会回到人间。
在盂兰盆节期间，生者会聚集而来参加祭奠活动，在祭坛上为逝者供奉食物，并一同跳起盂兰盆舞。
Many stream back to their home towns to be with family and visit cemeteries to pay respects to their dead.“Graves are a place to talk,”says Yamazaki Masako of Zenyuseki,a tombstone carvers’trade association.许多人会返回家乡与家人团聚，并前去墓地悼念逝去的亲人。
墓碑雕刻行业协会Zenyuseki的山崎雅子说：“墓地是一个可以和逝者交流的地方。
”This year covid-19has upset the routine.Japan’s viral caseload is relatively small,with just1,148total deaths,roughly America’s daily average.But a recent rise in infections,especially in big cities such as Tokyo and Osaka,has spread the jitters.今年，新冠肺炎疫情的爆发打破了常规。
2019考研英语经济学人阅读1(英语学习).doc
2019考研英语经济学人阅读1（英语学习）联合国严厉制裁朝鲜The European Union announced that it will provide700m ($760m) in aid to accommodate migrants incountries overwhelmed by the refugee crisis. Most ofthe money is expected to go to Greece. AngelaMerkel, Germany’s chancellor, scolded Austria andother countries for clamping down on refugeearrivals, and vowed not to abandon Greece.欧盟宣布将向深陷难民危机的国家提供7亿欧元(7.6亿美元)的难民安置援助。
该援助的一大部分将给希腊。
德国总理安吉拉·默克尔(Angela Merkel)谴责奥地利等国家抵制难民入境的行为，并承诺不会放弃对希腊的援助。
The leader of Spain’s Socialist Party, Pedro Sánchez, failed in his first attempt to form aminority government with the upstart centrist Ciudadanos party. Both the centre-right PopularParty and the far-left Podemos party voted against the proposed coalition in parliament. If MrSánchez fails again in a second vote planned for March 4th, the caretaker government willprobably call new elections.西班牙工人社会党( Socialist Party)领导人彼得罗·桑切斯(Pedro Sánchez)与新兴中立公民党(Ciudadanos party)首次尝试组建少数党政府，但最终以失败告终。
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Tencent Video battles iQiyi in China’s streaming wars腾讯视频与爱奇艺之中国流媒体大战But the two big Chinese streaming platform may onc day settle into a cosy duopoly但两大平台在未来某天或将实现双头垄断L aunched in2010,iQiyi has grown used to the foreign press calling it“the Netflix of China”.Not the worst nickname,given the videostreaming pioneer’s success.But Gong Yu,iQiyi’s founder and boss,insists that his firm is more accurately described as“Netflix plus”.A bold claim for a loss-making business worth one-fifteenth as much as America’s(cash-generating)entertainment powerhouse with a market value of$214bn.Still,Mr Gong has a point.创立于2010年的爱奇艺常常被外国媒体称为“中国版网飞”。
鉴于这家流媒体先驱的成功，这一称号也算名副其实。
但爱奇艺创始人兼老板龚宇坚称，准确来说，爱奇艺是“加强版网飞”。
对于这家仍在亏损的公司来说，这种说法有些张狂，作为美国娱乐业巨头的网飞现已实现盈利，市值高达2140亿美元，而爱奇艺市值仅为其十五分之一。
不过，龚宇所言仍有些许道理。
Like Netflix,iQiyi offers customers a deep catalogue of licensed and original content.Unlike Netflix,which relies almost entirely on subscription fees,iQiyi has multiple revenue streams.“Membership fees”,which start from19.8yuan ($2.87)a month,accounted for just over half of iQiyi’s7.4bn yuan in revenues in the second quarter.爱奇艺和网飞一样，也为客户提供海量版权及原创影视作品。
但不同于几乎完全依赖会员费的网飞，爱奇艺拥有多项收入来源。
在爱奇艺第二季度74亿元的营收中，每月19.8元（约合2.87美元）起的“会员费”占比刚刚过半。
The rest came mainly from an online store(which sells“entertainment-related merchandise”),a nascent mobile-gaming arm,an e-book business and advertisements;iQiyi operates a“freemium”model which allows stingier users to stream some content free of charge provided they agree to watch ads.其余收入主要来自线上商店（销售“娱乐周边产品”）、新成立的移动游戏部门、电子书业务和广告；爱奇艺采用的是一种“免费增值”模式，不愿花钱的用户在观看一段广告后可以免费收看部分内容。
Conveniently for iQiyi,which does little business outside its home market, Netflix is blocked in China,under laws that ban a lot of foreign content.But that is not to say that China is free from the streaming wars of the sort that pits Netflix against rivals like Disney,HBO(owned by AT&T)and NBCUniversal (belonging to Comcast).Far from it.爱奇艺的业务主要集中在本土市场，而网飞在中国无法收看，这对爱奇艺来说无疑是有利的。
但这并不意味着中国市场没有像网飞与迪士尼、HBO（美国电话电报公司所有）和NBC环球（康卡斯特所有）这样的流媒体大战。
中国市场同样竞争激烈。
Mr Gong is battling Tencent Video,part of the eponymous technology conglomerate.It overtook iQiyi at the end of June with114m video subscribers to iQiyi’s105m.Mr Gong’s firm shed14m subscribers in the most recent quarter while Tencent Video,which also runs a freemium model and charges subscribers20yuan a month,added2m.龚宇正在与腾讯视频（腾讯科技集团所有）展开竞争。
今年6月底，腾讯视频会员用户量（1.14亿）反超爱奇艺（1.05亿）。
今年第二季度，爱奇艺流失会员用户1400万，而同样采用免费增值模式、月会员费20元起的腾讯视频则增加会员用户200万。
IQiyi insists the setback was down to one-off factors,such as virus-induced disruption to film production,which temporarily emptied the content pipeline. Perhaps.But Tencent Video offers a richer selection of English-language content, including hit television series like“Chernobyl”and“Silicon Valley”.爱奇艺坚称，用户的流失是偶然因素所致，比如新冠疫情的爆发导致影片制作中断，致使暂无新片上线。
也许真的如此。
但腾讯视频提供了包括热播电视剧《切尔诺贝利》和《硅谷》在内的更多英文资源的选择。
More important,the rivalry between Tencent Video and iQiyi is a proxy war between mighty Tencent and fading Baidu,a search firm that is iQiyi’s majority owner.Indeed,iQiyi seemed to concede as much in its latest annual report,writing that“competitors include well-capitalised companies that are capable of offering compensation packages more attractive to talents.”更重要的是，腾讯视频和爱奇艺之间的竞争是其背后日渐强大的腾讯和日渐衰落的搜索公司百度之间的较量。
事实上，爱奇艺在其最新的年度报告中似乎也提到了这一点，报告提到：“那些资本充足的竞争对手能够开出更具吸引力的薪酬待遇以招揽人才。
”Still,as Westerners who pay for a few video subscriptions can attest,streaming is not a zero-sum game.Gigi Zhou of BOCOM International,a broker,reckons the Chinese market will soon be big enough to sustain both iQiyi and Tencent Video,which also has yet to make money.不过，正如那些愿意为视频订阅付费的西方人所证明的那样，流媒体市场并非零和游戏。
交银国际的经纪人周琪琪认为，中国流媒体市场将很快发展壮大至足以同时容得下爱奇艺和腾讯视频两家，腾讯视频目前也尚未盈利。
Ms Zhou expects400m Chinese to subscribe to video-streaming platforms by 2023,up from some300m in2019.So long as no new rival emerges,each firm could capture around150m,helping them spread costs over more subscribers and so turn a profit.周琪琪预计，到2023年，中国视频流媒体平台的会员用户量将达4亿，而2019年约为3亿。
只要没有新的竞争对手出现，两家公司都将获得大约1.5亿用户，由此可将成本分摊至更多会员用户，从而实现盈利。
Before streaming peace can break out,iQiyi faces another fight.On August 13th it said it was under investigation by America’s Securities and Exchange Commission after a short-seller accused it of inflating sales data,a charge it denies.If found guilty,it may have to delist from New York’s Nasdaq exchange. The firm’s stable share price implies investors’faith in battle-hardened Mr Gong is unshaken.在各大视频流媒体平台实现和平共赢之前，爱奇艺还面临着另一场战役。