最新定语从句知识结构图解

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定语从句知识结构图解

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概念:定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,4

充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。①指

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人的先行词

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⒈先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词

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②指物的先行词

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★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。

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He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0

(which替代前面所叙述的事情)

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先行词

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①替代前面的先行词

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(替代作用)

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关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从

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句(连接作用)

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③在定语从句中作句子成分

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(成分作用)

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定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词

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标准:根据关系词在从句中做的

句子成分种类

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关系词的分类关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,

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(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)

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关系副词:在从句中作状语

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(When/where/why)

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⒊定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子。

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①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。

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定 He is a teacher who works at our school.

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定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3

间有逗号隔开)

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语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5

a long history.

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比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7

two sons.)

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从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9

has two more sons)

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句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语

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She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)

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②关系代词在定语从句中作表语

⒈关系代词的省略 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 4 限定性定语从句 ③ 关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略

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Housing price is a problem (that/which) people 6

are interested in.

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比较: Housing price is a problem in which people are 8

interested.

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(此时只能用which 且不能省

略)

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① 以疑问词who 开头的句子中 2

定语从句几个难点 Who is the man that is 3

shouting there?

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② 关系代词在从句中作表语时 5

用that 的情况 She is not the girl that she used 6

to be.

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③ 先行词被the very, the right, the only 修饰

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This is the very person that we are looking for.

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⒉先行词是人

that/who 的1

区别 ①先行词是one, 2 ones, anybody, all, none, those 等

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4 Those who want to go to the cinema

5 will have to

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wait at the gate of the school.

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②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了

8 that,另外一

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用who 的情况 个用who

1 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?

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③在there be 结构中

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There are many young men who 4 are against him.

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④ 在非限定性定语从句当中 6

Tom, who is my best friend, has gone 7

abroad to study.

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① 在非限定性定语从句中.

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She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.

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②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语. 3 The pen with which you write is 4

Jack ’s.

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③先行词是that 或定语从句中套6

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Let me show you the novel that 8

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0 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little,

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