最新定语从句知识结构图解
高中定语从句知识结构图解 (1)
定语从句知识结构图定义：定语能够由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也能够由一个句子来充当，充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指人⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词②指物★先行词还能够是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has left, which surprises all of us.先行词 (which替代前面所叙述的事情)①替代前面的先行词关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从句③在定语从句中作句子成分定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词：引导定语的词关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，定（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）关系副词：在从句中作状语(When/where/why)⒊从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
定 He is a teacher who works at our school.定语从句②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用的分类 (先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.从句难点和注意点①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before.(能够省略whom/that)②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be.(能够省略that)限定性定语从句③关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时能够省略比较： Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in.Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.（此时只能用which且不能省略）①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时用that的情况She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.⒉先行词是人that/who的区别①行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those等Those who want to go to the cinema willhave to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用who用who的情况 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.①在非限定性定语从句中.She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语.The pen with which you write is Jack’s.用which的情况③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed fromthe library which is newly open to us.①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,⒊先行词是物anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等that / which She did all that she could to help us.的区别②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much,the only,the very, the right等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and用that的情况 the places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
定语从句讲解图表
October 1st is the day __w__h_e_n__ ( new China was founded).
The window ( _w_h_i_c_h_ was opened this morning) has been broken. that
Morning is the best time _w__h_e_n_ (y_o_u_ practise _re_a_d_i_n_g aloud).
Do you remember the lake w__h_e_r_e (y_o_u_ first met your g_i_r_lf_r_i_en__d.）
Complex sentence 复合句：
由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作 某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。
复合句 = 主句
+
定语从句
一个主谓结构是句子 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 的主要部分（主句） 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
1958 was the year _w__h_e_n_ (S_p_i_e_lb__er_g made his first real f_il_m_).
英语：定语从句演示图
I have lost the watch t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_/_--my father gave me. Do you remember the day _w__h_e_n_/_o_n__w_h_i_c_h_ Beijing was liberated.
句子种类 一、简单句
五种类型 1. 主 + 系 + 表 2. 主 + 谓(vi) 3. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 4. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 双宾 5. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 宾补 二、并列句 = 简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
and, but, for, so, while, or, as well as, rather than, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also…, besides, however, otherwise, therefore
三、复合句 = 主句 + 从句 （主从复合句）
主语从句
从句
宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
名词性从句
状语从句（八种）
被修饰词
1.代替先行词
2.作从句成分
先行词+ 关系词+ 从句
1.分类：a.关系代词 b.关系副词 2.选择：a.先行词——指人、物？
b.据从句——句子成分？
麦穗般的眉毛，配着青远山色轨道模样的鼻子。有着水蓝色砂锅造型的眼睛，和紫罗兰色灯笼般的耳朵，一张水蓝色话筒般的嘴唇，怪叫时露出淡紫色火舌般的牙齿，变态的 嫩黄色轻盈样的舌头很是恐怖，水绿色竹竿形态的下巴非常离奇。这巨魔有着酷似玩具般的肩胛和活像刀峰模样的翅膀，这巨魔轻灵的米黄色香肠样的胸脯闪着冷光，极似高
高中定语从句课件详解条理清晰.ppt
需要了解的概念
先行词： 定语从句所修饰的词称为先行词 通常是由名词或代词充当 They are the boys who you like to play with. Friends are those who make you smile, always share your happiness and sorrows.
• ①Such teachers as know Tom think him bright. 先行词为人such teachers， as作主 语
在非限定性定语从句中：as可以作为关系代 词引导非限定性定语从句时，as是指全句： 也就是说，将整个主句看成一件事或是一 个事实；并对其进行补充、说明。这种非 限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前，也 可以放在主句之后。
例如：
As的用法
• as引导的定语从句修饰表人或物的先行词， 即先行词可以是人也可以是物；在定语从 句中可以做主语、宾语或表语；常用于the same…as…/such…as…/as(so)…as…句 型，as不论在定语从句中作何成分，均不 能省略。
• 有许多声音有意义但不是词。
• Tell him to go to the classroom where we often have our English class.
• 如果把这个复合句拆成两个分句，那就是：
• tell him to go to the classroom. We often have our English class in the classroom.
只用that的情况
一：先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时，例如： Anything that can burn is a source of heat energy. 任何能够燃烧的东西都是热能源。 There must be something that happened to you . 你一定出了什么事。 They had nothing that could cure of his disease . 他们没有一点能治愈他疾病的东西了。
定语从句思维导图
1.解①在主从句中找出定语从句题②看先行词是指人还是指物步③分析定语从句中缺少什么成分：主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语骤④确定关系词①几个概念定义：用来修饰名词或代词的句子先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句，分为关系代词和关系副词分类:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句（区别）②基本用法关系代词：指人：that、who、whom、whose、as主宾表主宾宾定主宾表指物:that、which、whose、as主宾表主宾定主宾表③具体用法先行词是不定代词先行词被不定代词修饰或被only、very、just修饰先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰★只用that不用which 先行词指人又指物主句已有疑问词主句中的先行词是表语或定语从句缺表语非限制性定语从句中★只用which不用that定语从句中介词提到先行词前面,且先行词为物whose既可指人又可指物后面紧跟名词★whose的用法whose+n. = the +n。
+of which/whom= of which/whom+the +n。
定 2. 考the same…as…语点限制性定语从句中，as的三个搭配such…as…从归so…as…句纳★as的用法as引导的定语从句可位于主句前或后，which只能位于主句后非限制性定语从句中as译为“正如”，which译为“这一点”、as和which的区别“这件事”、“这"when：先行词是表示时间的名词，且在定语从句中作时间状语★关系副词=介词+ whichwhere：先行词是表示地点的名词，且在定语从句中作地点状语=介词+ whichwhy: 先行词是表示原因的名词，且在定语从句中作原因状语=for + which★先行词是way，定语从句的引导词定语从句中缺少方式状语时，用in which、that 或者省略. 定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，用that、which 或者省略。
定语从句框架图
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制的作用分类非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开Who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语仅用于指认Whom 在定语从句中作宾语仅用于指物：which在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语That 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语指人、物Whose 在定语从句中作定语指人、物：as 在定语从句中作主、宾语、表语当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, everything, anything 等时定语当先行词前面有the only, the very, any, every, some, no, all, few, little ,much,the right, the last, just 等修饰词时从句当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时用that不关系用which代词当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时当先行词即有人又有物时当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时在非限制性定语从句中，且先行词指物当定语从句中的介词提前时用which用法不用that先行词后面有插入语时先行词本身就是that时先行词为主句的一部分甚至是整个主句时先行词是指认的不定代词，如：one, ones, anyone, no one, those 等时用who不用that 在there be 结构中，先行词指人时在分隔性定语从句中When: 先行词为时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语关系副词Where: 先行词为地点名词，（有时地点会被”模糊化”），在定语从句中作地点状语Why: 先行词为the reason, 在定语从句中作原因状语。
定语从句思维导图
题②看先行词是指人还是指物步③分析定语从句中缺少什么成分：主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语骤④确定关系词①几个概念定义：用来修饰名词或代词的句子先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句;分为关系代词和关系副词分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别②基本用法关系代词：指人：that、 who、 whom、 whose、 as主宾表主宾宾定主宾表指物：that、 which、 whose、as主宾表主宾定主宾表③具体用法先行词是不定代词先行词被不定代词修饰或被only、very、just修饰先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰★只用that不用which 先行词指人又指物主句已有疑问词主句中的先行词是表语或定语从句缺表语非限制性定语从句中★只用which不用that定语从句中介词提到先行词前面;且先行词为物whose既可指人又可指物后面紧跟名词★whose的用法 whose+n. = the +n. +of which/whom = of which/whom+the +n.定 2. 考the same…as…语点限制性定语从句中;as的三个搭配such…as…从归so…as…句纳★as的用法as引导的定语从句可位于主句前或后;which只能位于主句后非限制性定语从句中as译为“正如”;which译为“这一点”、as和which的区别“这件事”、“这”when: 先行词是表示时间的名词;且在定语从句中作时间状语★关系副词 =介词 + whichwhere：先行词是表示地点的名词;且在定语从句中作地点状语=介词 + whichwhy: 先行词是表示原因的名词;且在定语从句中作原因状语=for + which★先行词是way; 定语从句的引导词定语从句中缺少方式状语时;用in which、 that 或者省略..定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时;用that、which 或者省略..。
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12定语从句知识结构图解3概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，4充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指5人的先行词6⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词7②指物的先行词8★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
9He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0(which替代前面所叙述的事情)1先行词2①替代前面的先行词3（替代作用）4关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从5句（连接作用）6③在定语从句中作句子成分7（成分作用）8定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词9标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类12关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，3定45（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）6关系副词：在从句中作状语7(When/where/why)8⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
9①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
1定 He is a teacher who works at our school.2定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3间有逗号隔开)4语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5a long history.6比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7two sons.)8从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9has two more sons)1句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语2She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)3②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 4 限定性定语从句 ③ 关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略5Housing price is a problem (that/which) people 6are interested in.7比较: Housing price is a problem in which people are 8interested.9（此时只能用which 且不能省略）1① 以疑问词who 开头的句子中 2定语从句几个难点 Who is the man that is 3shouting there?4② 关系代词在从句中作表语时 5用that 的情况 She is not the girl that she used 6to be.7③ 先行词被the very, the right, the only 修饰8This is the very person that we are looking for.9⒉先行词是人that/who 的1区别 ①先行词是one, 2 ones, anybody, all, none, those 等34 Those who want to go to the cinema5 will have to6wait at the gate of the school.7②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了8 that,另外一9用who 的情况 个用who1 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?2③在there be 结构中3There are many young men who 4 are against him.5④ 在非限定性定语从句当中 6Tom, who is my best friend, has gone 7abroad to study.89① 在非限定性定语从句中.1She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.2②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语. 3 The pen with which you write is 4Jack ’s.5③先行词是that 或定语从句中套67Let me show you the novel that 890 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little,12few, much,3⒊先行词是物 anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等4that / which的区别She did all that she could to 5help us.67②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, 8much, the only, the very, the right，9the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I 1want.2③先行词中既有人又有物时3She described in her 4compositions the people and5用that的情况 the places that impressed her 6most.7④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级8修饰时。
9This is the best book that I 0have ever read.1This is the first film that 2I’ve seen since I came here.3⑤定语从句中套定语从句，其中一4个关系词以用which, 另外一个用that5He built a factory which6produced things that had never been seen before.7定⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which, 8另一个用that9Who is the person that is 0standing at the gate?12语定语从句10个难点①As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定3句中充当主语，宾语，表语等。
常用于以下句型当中4从★ Such/so..... as.... 像.....一样the same . (5)as…和…...同样的6A computer is so useful a machine as we can use 7everyday.8句⒋As引导定语从He is not the same man as he was.9句的用法②引导非限制性定语从句，此时译为“正如，像”等。
可以放在句首，句中或句末。
1As I remember, there were a net bar here.2Taiwan is an inseparable part of China, as is known 3to all.4★the same as...和the same that...引导定语从句的区别5This is the same bike that I lost yesterday. (同一事6物)7This is the same bike as I lost yesterday. （同8类事物）9①When 在定语从句中做时间状语，先行词为表示时间的1time, day等2I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing. 3（when=on which）4②Where 在定语从句中做地点状语，先行词为表地点的5place, spot等6Can you tell me the office where he works? (where = in which)7③Why 在定语从句中做原因状语，先行词只有reason.8⒌关系副词的运用 I don’t want to listen to any reason why you were absent. (why = for which)9★★Where引导的定语从句还可以修饰抽象空间的名1词如case(情形)，situation, position(位置),stage (阶段)，point（地2步）等3What are the situations where body language is 4the only form of communication?5在哪些情况下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式。
（此6时where = in which）789① way that / in 1which / 不填2The way in which / that / 不填 he explains the 34比较: The way which /that/不填he told to us was quite 5simple.6（★way在定语中作tell的7宾语）8time表示“次数”时，用关系代词that 9引导定语从句⒍几个特殊②先行词time This is the first time that the president has visited the country. 1的先行词 time作“一段时间”讲时，应用关系2副词when3This was the time when there were no 4radios, no telephones or no TV sets. （★此时when = during which 5在..期间）67③先行词reason84种引导方式9why/for which/that/不填This is the reason why/for which/that/不填 he can not 1come here.2比较：Is this the reason that/which/不填he 3explained to us for his absence from the conference. （★4reason 在定语从句中做explain的宾语）56★该结构的关系代词只有两种即介词+which（指7物）介词+whom（指人）8★该结构介词的选用原则：9①根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配This is the book on which I spent $ 8.1This is the book for which I paid $ 8.2②根据先行词的搭配习惯3I remember the days during which I lived there.4I remember the day on which I graduated from 5university.6⒎介词+关系代词③根据整个句子所表达的意思来决定7The colorless gas without which we can’t live 8is called oxygen.9④英语中为了强调某一名词，不定式前面也可以加上关0系代词。