现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法

现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法

编辑整理：

尊敬的读者朋友们：

这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为现在完成时延续性与暂短性动词用法的全部内容。

现在完成时(短暂性动词与延续性动词）的用法

基本结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(done）

①肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他

②否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他

③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句（have/has+主语+过去分词+其他）(1）现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现

在有联系，也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.

I have spent all of my money。(含义是:现在我没有钱花了。)

Jane has laid the table。（含义是：现在桌子已经摆好了.)

Michael has been ill.（含义是:现在仍然很虚弱）

He has returned from abroad. (含义是:现在已在此地)

（2）现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的，持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状态（be动词表示）常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用.

Mary has been ill for three days.

I have lived here since 1998.

注（超重要):瞬间动词（buy,die，join，lose……）不能直接与for since 连用.要改变动词

come-be go out—be out finish-be over open-be open

die—be dead

1。have代替buy

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four years.

2、用keep或have代替borrow

I have kept（不能用have borrowed） the book for quite a few days.

3、用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher？

4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

5、用wear代替put on

b）用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词

1、be＋married代marry

2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill

3、be＋dead代die

4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be＋awake代wake/wake up

6、be＋gone代lose,die，sell，leave

7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut

9、be＋missing（gone，lost)代lose

c）用“be＋副词”代终止性动词

1“be＋on”代start,begin

2“be＋up"代get up

3“be＋back(to)"代return to,come back to，go back to

4“be here （there)”代come（arrive,reach,get） here或go (arrive，reach，get） there等等

d）用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词

1.“be in/at +地点"代替go to /come to

2。用be in the army 代替join the army

3。“be in/at +地点"代替move to

常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表：

1。 have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gone/moved to sw。

→have been in sw./at…相应的介词

2. have come/gone back/returned → have been back

3. have come/gone out →have been out

4。have become → have been

5. have closed / opened→ have been close/ope n

6。have got up → have been up;

7。have died → have been dead;

8. have left sw。→ have been away from sw。

9。have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been asleep；

10. have finished/ended/completed → have been over;

11。Have married → have been m arried；

12。have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth. ；

13. have begun → have been on

14。have borrowed/bought →have kept/had

15. have lost → haven’t had

16。have put on →have worn

17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold；

18. have got to know → have known

19。have/has gone to → have been in

20。 have joined/have taken part in the league/the Party/the army

→have been a member of/ have been in/have been the Party’s

member/the league member/the soldier…

注意： 1。现在完成时不能单独与准确时间连用，(如表示过去的时间状语）

如yesterday(morning、afternoon）,last（morning、afternoon）等，除非与for，since连用。

2。现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用

，如already（肯定）, yet（否定，疑问)， just, before， recently,still, lately等：

He has already obtained（得到\获得） a scholarship（奖学金)。

I haven’t seen much of him recently （lately)。

We have seen that film before.