跨文化交流作业

名词解释

1. Ethnorelativism

2. Ethnocentrism

3. Collectivist culture

4. Culture shock

5. Non-verbal communication

6. Individualism

7. Low-context culture

问答题

1. Describe the different ways in showing hospitality between Chinese culture and western culture

2. What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerner

3. Why do many Chinese people tend to ask about age, martial status, and even salary when first meeting one another

4. What is the significance of Nonverbal Communication

5. Explain high-context culture and low-context culture.

答案：

名词解释

1. Ethnorelativism ：It is the attitude of cultural relativism, sometimes called “Ethnorelativism”. An acquired ability to see many values and behaviors as cultural rather than universal。

2. Ethnocentrism

is negatively judging aspects of another culture by the standards of one‘s own culture. It is the technical name for the view of things in which one‘s own group is the center of everything, and all others are scaled and rated with reference to it.

3. Collectivist culture:

it is characterized by a rigid social framework that distinguish between in-groups and out-groups .people expect their in-group to look after them ,and in exchange for that they fell they owe absolute loyalty to the group .collectivism means greater emphasis on (1)the

views ,needs ,and goals of the in-groups rather than oneself (2)social norms and duty defined by the in-group rather than behavior to get pleasure (3)beliefs shared with the in-group; rather than beliefs that distinguish self from in group ; and (4)great readiness to cooperate with in group membership .

4. Culture shock

It is a psychological phenomenon that is experienced most often by those who, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, in the process of adjusting themselves to a new culture.

5. Nonverbal communication:

It refers to communication through a whole variety of different types of signal come into play, including the way we move, the gestures we employ, the posture we adopt, the facial expression we wear, the direction of our gaze, to the extent to which we touch and the distance we stand from each other.

6. Individualism

broadly speaking ,individualism refers to the doctrine theater the interests of the individual are of ought to be paramount ,and that all values ,rights and duties originate in individual s ,it emphasizes individual initiative ,independence ,individual expression ,and even privacy .

7. Low-context culture

it's a kind of culture in which the population is less homogeneous and therefore tends to compartmentalize interpersonal contacts ,. American ,German

简答题：

1. Describe the different ways in showing hospitality between Chinese culture and western culture。

Chinese guests always refuse offer of drinks or food to demonstrate politeness in seeming not to wish to put their host to any trouble. Sometimes an offer is not a real offer but a polite remark. After we say 'no', we usually wait for the second and third offer. If the host just brings the food or drink and ignores 'no', we ill accept it. Chinese like to press their guests to drink or eat to show their hospitality. While westerners always accept or refuse offer of drinks or food very genuinely. Their refusal is accepted as genuine. Westerners don’t press. To press people to have food or drink after they have refused is frowned upon and can cause embarrassments.

2. What are the differences on receiving gifts between Chinese and westerner

In the West, it is regarded as polite to open gifts as soon as they are given to express appreciation. In China, the situation is quite the reverse. Normally we Chinese feel that if you open the gift as soon as