中考必考的四种被动语态

Bowls are washed by his brother every day.
often play Football ______________by is often played people. Football is made make /China _________in China.
The door was opened.门被开了。
This watch can be repaired by us in two days.
1.They make trains in Zhuzhou 主动语态 ___________ are made Trains __________in Zhuzhou. 被动语态 ________________
被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be ＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。 助动词Be的变化是通过人称、数 和时态的变化表现出来的。
被动语态的用法 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者， 或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行 者时，或者只需强调动作的承受者 时，要用被动语态。
主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 1 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主 语。 2 把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词， 并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动 词的时态则保持不变。
注意：
由 不及物动词+介词或副词构成的被动语态 =及物动词 主动句 主语 +不及物动词 +介词 +宾语
被动句 主语(原宾语) +be +介词 + by +原主语之宾格 She looks after her grandmother. (主动句 ) Her grandmother is looked after by her.被动句 )
注意：1.一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介
词 to，如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 2.一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 for, 如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us.
A grows B is grown C are grown
2.English
D grew
D by us every morning.
C are read D is read
A is
B reads
3. A car
B in1885.
B was invented
D invented
A wereBaidu Nhomakorabeainvented
D invented
A were invented
C is invented
Your homework must be finished ﹙finish﹚ on time. The bad vegetable should not be eaten ﹙eat﹚. Your clothes may be put ﹙put﹚ here. All of these maths exercises must be finished ﹙finish﹚ today. The work can be done ﹙do﹚ in an hour.
含有双宾语的主动句的转换 1 把指人的提前,作被动语态的主语,指 物的直接宾语保留不变. He gave me a book yesterday.
I was given a book yesterday.
2 把指物的提前,作被动语态的主语,指人 的宾语前加to或for.
A book was given to me yesterday.
一般现在时—— am／is ／are + done
一般过去时—— was／were +done
情态动词—— must／can／should
／may… + be + done
一般将来时 ——will …+be + done
•Exercises
•练习
1.Rice
B
in the south of china.
use …for
is used A camera ______for taking photos.
2. They term．
bought
ten computers last
Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：S+was/were +过去分词
带复合宾语(宾语+ 宾补)的动词改为被动语 态时，一般把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而 宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。如： (1) We always keep the classroom
clean. →The classroom is always kept clean.
(2) She told us to follow her instructions. →We were told to follow her instructions.
be allowed (allow) 1)Teenagers should _____ to go out at night.
was invented(invent) 2)The telephone _____ by Bell.
3) English is spoken (speak) in China. ____
Passive voice
• 1 掌握四种时态的被动语态,包 括一般现在时,一般过去时,情态 动词,一般将来时的被动语态. • 2 掌握被动语态的一些特殊运 用形式. • 3 在练习中恰当的运用被动语 态..
英语中有几种语 态你知道吗？
__两种___
是哪两种？
_主动语态
和被动语态
________________
rob yesterday
A bank _______
was robbed
yesterday.
send up last year
A man-made satellite
into space last year.
was sent up
3．Amy can take good care of Gina ．
2. ( B ) It was raining heavily outside, the children were made __ in the classroom.
A. stay C. staying
B. to stay D. stayed
3. ( D ) —I won’t come to the party unless Tom __ , too. —You mean if Tom comes ,you’ll come. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited
Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.
情态动词： S+ can/may/must/should + be+过去分词
1. He can mend the bike in two days. can be mended The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days. 2. You must take this medicine three times a day. must _______ be This medicine _______ taken ________ three times a day.
1.Rice
B
in the south of china.
A grows B is grown C are grown
2.English
D grew
D by us every morning.
C are read D is read
A is
B reads
3. A car
B in1885.
B was invented
My friends laughed at me all the time. (主动句 )
I was laughed at by my friends all the time. (主 动句 ) 注 :介词不能省略
•
一.
•
单项选择
1. ( D ) If the work __ ,you can go and play games. A. finished B. has finished C. will be finished D. is finished
is made 4) The car ____ (make) in China.
5) The room must be cleaned(clean) _____ every day.
.
注 意 ： 在 see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后 作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但 改成被动语态后都带to，这时不定式为主语 补足语，也就是说不定式作主语补足语不存 在省略to 的问题。 We often hear him play the guitar. →He is often heard to play the guitar.
4.They will finish the work in ten days.
The work will be finished (by them)
in ten days.
一般将来时： S+ will+be+过去分词
Tom will clean the room tomorrow.
主
谓
宾(受动者)
Teenagers shouid
not be drunk (not drink) wine.
The car was stolen ﹙steal﹚ three days ago. The trees were planted ﹙plant﹚ ten years ago. My maths book wasn’t brought ﹙not bring ﹚this morning . When was the TV invented ﹙invent﹚?
语态分类 主动语态表示主语的执行者 例如：Many people speak English.
He opened the door.他开了
门
We can repair this watch in two days.
语态分类
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 例如：English is spoken by many people.
The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.
They will be sent to
send to right now
the hospital right now.
a talk give soon
A talk will be given
soon.
被动语态：
被动语态的构成：be +done
C is invented 4.The shop
B last night.
D opened
A is robbed B was robbed C are robbed 5.The work must B in two weeks. A be finish B be finished C finish
D will finis
3 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以 它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如 不需要则可省略。
4 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
改为被动语态(一般现在时)
He plants
主 谓
trees
宾(受动者)
in spring.
Trees are planted byhim in spring.
His brother washes bowls every 宾(受动者) day. 主 谓