高考英语 非谓语动词教案

高考语法非谓语动词复习巩固教案
教学目标：1.区分谓语动词和非谓语动词
2.掌握非谓语动词充当定语、状语、宾语补足语时的用法
教学重难点：非谓语动词充当状语、定语在语法填空短文改错的应用
过程与方法：用歌曲激发学生兴趣，引入谓语动词和非谓语动词的区分
讨论解决非谓语动词充当定语状语宾语补足语时的用法
探讨总结规律方法，进行实战演练巩固提高
教具准备：多媒体白板，学案
课时安排;1课时
教学过程：
Step1.lead in Listen to a song—Right here waiting while listening，sing along and fill in the blanks Oceans day after day And I slowly insane（变得疯狂）.I your voice on the line. But it the pain
If I you next to never .How we forever.
Wherever you Whatever you I right here ( )for you) Whatever it Or how my heart breaks
I right here( for you) I took for granted, all the times
That I thought would somehow
一起朗读并寻找歌词中的谓语动词非谓语动词
My daring ,wearing a smile, used to give spring time in the late fall.心上的人儿有笑的脸庞，他曾在深秋给我春光，
My darling, possessing countless treasures offered me bright future,心上的人儿有多少宝藏，他能在黑夜给我太阳。

How can I let others take away my only springtime.我不能够给谁夺走仅有的春光。

永远的微笑—周璇
YOU are my eyes, guiding me to feel the rhythm of seasons.
You are my eyes, guiding me to hustle through the huge crowds of people.林宥嘉
I’m right here waiting for you.此情可待
Eyes raised, I see the moon so bright; Head bent, in homesickness I am drowned.静夜思
大家一起来找一找体会现在分词和过去分词充当谓语动词时的形式
I am/was listening to a song.
I have/had been listening to the song.
I am/was/get/got praised by the teacher.
I have /had been praised by the teacher.
总结:现在分词前边必须有动词或的适当形式出现才能构成谓语动词，表示主动或进行；过去分词前边必须有动词或的适当形式，才能构成谓语动词表示完成或被动。

注意I praised Tom for his good behavior.中praised是过去式还是过去分词? 表示过去已结束的一个动作Step2对非谓语动词的再思考：
The boy sat on the ground, crying.
在以上例句中，crying为现在分词短语在句子中作_______状语，其逻辑主语是_ ；句子的谓语部分是_______，主语是_______。

一个句子中有个动词（包括谓语动词和非谓语动词），就要表达几层含义，非谓语动词的使用实现了一个分句里多层含义的表达。

请尝试将下列例句翻译成汉语：
They were the poorest of the poor，fanning out（分散开来）into the city.
▪总结：现在分词前边必须有动词或的适当形式出现才能构成谓语动词，表示主动或进行；
过去分词前边必须有动词或的适当形式，才能构成谓语动词表示完成或被动。

▪非谓语动词的基本句法功能：非谓语动词在分句中主要充当_______、_______、_______, 起修饰作用；
不定式短语和动名词短语还可以在分句中充当_______、_______，具有名词性特征。

▪谓语动词有时态语态形式的变化。

Step3学生分组探讨，教师精讲规律方法
1.翻译句子体会非谓语动词作状语的形式与含义（第一组每人读并翻译一
个句子）
To catch the early bus,I get up early.
Seeing the police, the thief ran off.
Having finished the work, I went to bed.
Having been told many times, he still can’t understand it.
Seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful.
总结：不定时作状语表示现在分词作状语表示过去分词作状语表示如果分词作状语并且分词中的动作先于主句动作发生则用作状语，并且此种形式只有在作状语时才能用到。

2.翻译句子体会非谓语动词作定语时的形式与含义(第二组每人读一句并翻译一句)
The school to be built is intended for the disabled children.
The school being built is intended for the disabled children.
The school built last year is intended for the disabled children.
The man standing there is a thief.
The man tied to the tree is a thief.
总结：不定时作定语to be done表示being done表示done 表示
Doing 表示
3.翻译体会非谓语动词作宾语补足语（第三组每人读一句并翻译一句）
1、I found myself lying on the beach When I woke up.
I found a strange person walking nearby our shop all day.
I found myself locked in a dark room when I woke up.
I saw him crossing/cross the street.
I smell something burning.
总结：现在分词作宾语补足语强调动作的延续性，表示动作。

过去分词作宾语补足语表示。

2、（第四组）感官动词We heard her singing next door. 我们听到他在隔壁唱歌。

（主动进行）
I think the job (to be ) the easiest of all. 我认为这是所有工作当中最容易的。

We heard her often sing next door. 我们听到他在隔壁唱过歌。

主动完成）
We heard the song sung by her next door. 在隔壁我们听见这首歌被他唱过.。

（被动完成）
We heard the song being sung next door. 我们听见在隔壁有人正唱这首歌。

(被动进行)
现在分词或不定式作宾语补足语表示它与宾语之间是关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示它与宾语之间是关系、完成状态或动作由别人来完成。

过去分词作宾语补足语强调动作的，而动词不定式被动语态作宾语补足语强调动作的过程。

在want, wish, desire, like, expect等表示“意愿”的动词后的宾语补语如果用的是不定式被动语态，可省to be, 从而使语气显得更为毅然决然。

3、在think, consider, find等动词后常用to be +adj.结构作宾语补足语，有时to be 可省略。

We all discover him (to be) kind and honest. 我们都发现他既善良又诚实。

4.动名词作主语
1、动名词多表示经常性习惯性的动作；不定时强调的是具体的某一次行为或将来的动作。

如：
Reading English novels is really great fun. 读英语小说真有趣。

Taking exercise regularly is good for one’s health.
Step4实战演练，精彩展示
1-5题第五小组讨论并派代表展示：填什么及简单解释。

1. We’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision （make）at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
2. This machine is very easy （operate）. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
3. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _____（follow）them.
4. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only （find）his plane high up in the sky.
5. I looked up and noticed a snake （wind）its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.
6-10题第六小组讨论并派代表展示;填什么及简单解释。

6. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car （wash）.
7. （stand）in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a new iPad.
8. If he takes on this work, he will have no choice but （meet）an even greater challenge.
9. （use）with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
10. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happy （watch）anything that happened to be on.
11-15第七组讨论并派代表展示：填什么及简单解释
11. The old man sat in front of the television every evening, happily （watch）anything that happened to be on.
12. Birds’singing is sometimes a warning to other birds （stay）away.
13. He got up late and hurried to his office （leave）the breakfast untouched.
14. Film has a much shorter history, especially when （compare）to such art forms as music and painting.
15. When （ask）for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
Home work
1. Because of my new qualification, I’m getting _______（promote）at work.
2. I found it all so _______（bore）and difficult. But Mr. Jenkins made everything _______（interest）.
3. Around the end of the first century AD, a Roman writer _______（call）Pliny wrote about a terrible volcanic eruption _______ he had witnessed as a young man.
4. Pliny described a cloud _______（come）down the mountain, blocking out the sun and burying everything in its path, _______（include）whole villages and towns.
5. In a way, Pompeii is like a “time capsule”_______（preserve）a frozen moment in history.
6. One person, _______（sit）alone, looks like he is praying. Another man, _______（lie）on his side, looks as if he is trying to get up.
7. Today, more than 250 years after scientists found the city, thousands of tourists and hundreds of scientists visit
Pompeii every year _______（learn）more about the ancient world.
8. In other cultures, _______（look）thin for a husband-to-be is not _______ a woman desires for at all --- overweight is considered more attractive.
9. However, _______（learn）English as a foreign language is very difficult in the _______（absent）of a native language environment.
10. Some respected theories on language acquisition believe that _______（attain）a high level of fluency and accuracy in a foreign language, you need to be surrounded by it.
11. Our latest English curriculum encourages teachers _______（create）a rich language environment in the classroom.
12. However, _______（put）in those extra 15 minutes a day _______（do）take dedication.
13. Body language _______（use）every single day by people of different nationalities all over the world. It is a language without words _______ consists of gestures, facial expressions and body movements _______ greatly add to –and sometimes even replace –spoken language.
14. Since Bird Flu first appeared in 1997, it _______（take）more than a hundred lives.
非谓语动词作主语补语和宾语补语的考查
1. 在be said, be reported, be believed, be supposed等后常用动词不定式作主语补语。

2. 常跟带to的动词不定式作宾语补语的动词有ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish等
3. 感官动词带宾补：一感，二听，三让，四看＋宾语＋do sth.(主动，全过程或经常性动作)
doing(主动，正在进行)/ done(与宾语是被动关系)若在被动语态中，则to 要还原.
4.其它动词接宾语+宾补规则：
（1）keep/leave＋宾语＋doing(主动，且持续进行)/done(被动)
（2）catch＋宾语＋doing表示“发现某人正在做某事”，宾语与doing为主动，且正在进行，
（3）find＋宾语＋doing(主动，正在进行)/done(被动、状态或完成)
（4）want/order/ask/wish/like ＋宾语＋(to be)done (宾语与done之间为被动关系)
【即境活用】
（1）The children were last seen _______(play) by the river.
（2）They went home, leaving much work __________(unfinish)．
（3）I found the little boy _________(lie) under the tree when I passed by.
（4）The teacher wanted the paper ________ (finish )in an hour.
动词不定式和现在分词作结果状语的区别
动词不定式表结果状语、往往表示出乎意料的，令人不快的结果，其前常有only, 也可用于一些固定句型，如：too…to…, enough to…等；现在分词表示结果状语，几乎和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，表示的是一种
必然的结果。

2. 只用动词不定式作状语的几种情况在作表语的形容词后或作宾补的形容词:happy, sorry, glad, sad后作原因状语；在句首、句中作目的状语只能用动词不定式，也可和in order, so as 连用，但so as to do 一般不放到句首。

3. 不用动词不定式作状语的几种情况表示时间、伴随、让步、方式、原因状语时，只能用分词而不用动词不定式作状语。

4. 连词+ 现在分词/过去分词作状语的考查。

有时候为了使分词表达的含义更为准确，常在分词前加上一个相关的连词，如when, while, unless, if, though等
5. 形容化的分词（短语）作状语英语中有些形容词化的过去分词（短语），常省略be动词，在句中作状语。

常见的有：
be lost in, be faced with, be located in, be dressed in, be tired of等等。

6.being done一般不作状语；having done 先于谓语动词发生的动作(主动关系)
having been done先于谓语动词发生的动作(被动关系)
（1）____ (get) tired of Tom’s all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself.
(2) ______________(not receive )an answer, he decided to write another letter to them.
(3) When_______(offer) help, one of ten says “ Thank you. ” or “ It ’ s kind of you.
(4)______(face)with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.
(5) _______________(seat) in the room, he is absorbed in reading.
【即境活用】（1）With the children ________(follow) him, he had to go back to the park.
（2）With the work______ (finish), he could go home.
（3）With so many books _________(read), I could not go out.
(4) His wife came down the stairs, with a book ________(hand)。